Optical wave selective switch device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-02
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Figure CN2024142089_02072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
OPTICAL WAVE SELECTIVE SWITCH DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to optical communication systems. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to an optical wave selective switch device having an improved catadioptric on-axis architecture.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wavelength selective switches (WSS) are key components in modern optical communication networks, enabling efficient management of optical signals through functions such as wavelength routing, add / drop multiplexing, and signal switching. Wavelength selective switches (WSS) devices utilize advanced optical architectures to manipulate and distribute light signals based on their wavelengths, serving as the backbone for dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems.
[0003] Conventional WSS systems employ various optical configurations, such as catadioptric and off-axis architectures, to achieve their functionality. A commonly used design involves the separation of optical components, including gratings, reflective elements, and liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) elements, along an off-axis optical path. The approach used in conventional WSS systems has limitations in terms of compactness and introduces off-axis aberrations that degrade signal quality. Furthermore, the optical design complexity increases with the need to support wider wavelength bands, such as the C+L band, and to accommodate a high number of ports (e.g., 64 ports) .
[0004] Further, the catadioptric optical system for WSS includes a fiber array, beam-shaping components, polarization-splitting elements, and reflective elements. However, these designs often necessitate mechanical separation of key components like gratings and reflective elements, resulting in increased aberrations, bulky configurations, and suboptimal coupling efficiency.
[0005] Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks associated with the conventional optical wave selective switch devices.SUMMARY
[0006] The present disclosure provides an optical wave selective switch device. The present disclosure provides a solution to the existing problem of how to provide a compact, efficient, and high-performance wavelength selective switch (WSS) device. An aim of the present disclosure is to provide a solution that overcomes at least partially the problems encountered in the prior art and provides an optical wave selective switch device with an improved catadioptric on-axis architecture. The catadioptric on-axis architecture minimizes off-axis aberrations, reduces the system footprint through optical path folding, and ensures high coupling efficiency for wideband applications.
[0007] One or more objectives of the present disclosure are achieved by the solutions provided in the enclosed independent claims. Advantageous implementations of the present disclosure are further defined in the dependent claims.
[0008] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an optical wave selective switch device. The optical wave selective switch device includes a fiber array unit (FAU) comprising a plurality of input / output ports for sending / receiving laser beam signals having different bandwidths. Further, the optical wave selective switch device includes a switching element for steering laser beams in a switching direction to specific output ports of the fiber array unit. The optical wave selective switch device further includes a dispersing element which disperses laser beam signals which are incident thereon, depending on the wavelength of the laser beam signals. Furthermore, the optical wave selective switch device includes a main optics assembly comprising a plurality of optical elements located between the FAU and the dispersing element. The main optics assembly comprises a beam splitter, a first quarter wave plate (QWP) , a second QWP, a first catadioptric lens and a second catadioptric lens. The main optics assembly is arranged such that signals coming from the FAU are split by the beam splitter into an S-polarized beam and a P-polarized beam. Further, the S polarized beam is directed to the first QWP and the first catadioptric lens and is reflected through the first QWP and first catadioptric lens, transformed into P polarization and is directed to the dispersing element and returns back to the first QWP and first catadioptric lens and is transformed to S polarization and sent to the switching element. Furthermore, the P polarized beam is directed to the second QWP and the second catadioptric lens and is reflected through the second QWP and second catadioptric lens, transformed into S polarization and is directed to the dispersing element and returns back to the second QWP and second catadioptric lens and is transformed to P polarization and sent to the switching element.
[0009] By arranging the main optical components, such as the dispersing element and the switching element, along the optical axis of the catadioptric lenses, the design of the optical wave selective switch device effectively minimizes off-axis aberrations, ensuring improved signal integrity and enhanced overall device performance. The folding of the optical path using the beam splitter, quarter-wave plates (QWPs) , and catadioptric lenses results in a compact architecture, reducing the footprint of the optical wave selective switch device and making the optical wave selective switch device ideal for integration into space-constrained optical networks. Superior coupling efficiency is achieved by aligning the optical components to optimize light transfer, which is particularly advantageous for wideband applications such as the C+L band, supporting up to 64 ports with minimal signal loss. The use of symmetric optical elements, such as identical QWPs and catadioptric lenses for S and P polarization paths, simplifies the optical design, reducing manufacturing complexity and ensuring uniform performance for all-optical signals. The dispersing element precisely separates laser beams based on their wavelengths, enabling accurate signal routing to specific output ports, thereby contributing to high channel selectivity and efficient wavelength division multiplexing. Additionally, the optical wave selective switch device supports a large number of ports, ensuring enhanced scalability for modern optical communication systems without compromising compactness or performance. The compatibility of the optical wave selective switch device with various polarization states and its ability to process both S and P-polarized beams efficiently further broaden its applicability across diverse optical network scenarios.
[0010] In an implementation form, the main optics assembly has a focal plane and an optical axis perpendicular to the focal plane. The FAU and the switching element are both located at the focal plane of the main optics assembly on one side, along the optical axis of the main optics assembly. Further, the dispersing element is located on the optical axis of the main optics assembly on the opposite side of the main optics assembly from the FAU and the switching element.
[0011] Positioning the FAU and the switching element on the focal plane of the main optics assembly ensures precise alignment and efficient signal routing. Symmetrical placement minimizes misalignment and aberrations, while the dispersing element on the opposite side optimizes wavelength separation. The compact design simplifies the optical path, enhances coupling efficiency, reduces signal loss, and lowers manufacturing costs, making it ideal for scalable and reliable optical communication systems.
[0012] In an implementation form, the switching element is a liquid crystal on silicon element.
[0013] The liquid crystal on silicon element consumes less power compared to alternatives like MEMS, reducing operational costs and enhancing energy efficiency in large-scale deployments. The reflective nature of the liquid crystal on silicon element ensures high optical efficiency with minimal insertion losses, preserving signal quality over long distances. Furthermore, the programmability of the liquid crystal on silicon element allows for rapid reconfiguration of optical paths, offering versatility in dynamic network environments where traffic patterns frequently change.
[0014] In another implementation form, the conical diffraction compensator is formed on a front surface of the dispersing element as a freeform surface.
[0015] By placing the conical diffraction compensator on the front surface of the dispersing element, the conical diffraction compensator corrects the beam paths before they interact with the dispersing function of the dispersing element. Such an arrangement allows for independent optimization of the compensator and dispersing functions, providing greater flexibility in the optical design of the device.
[0016] In an implementation form, the dispersing element is a grism element.
[0017] In such an implementation, the utilization of a grism element (i.e., grating-prism) as the dispersive element provides high dispersion efficiency and compactness.
[0018] In another further implementation form, the main optics assembly, the switching element and the dispersing element are arranged such that laser beams diffracted at the dispersing element are passed through the main optics assembly and are focused on the switching element in separable channel slots.
[0019] Advantageously, such a configuration of the switching element and the dispersing element ensures that the laser beams are accurately and efficiently focused onto specific areas of the switching element.
[0020] In yet another implementation form, the dispersing element has a diffraction grating on a back side.
[0021] Advantageously, having the diffraction grating on the back side of the dispersive element enables an efficient coupling of the diffracted beams back into the main optics assembly, improving the overall efficiency of the optical wave selective switch device.
[0022] In another implementation form, the main optics assembly is structured so as to deliver laser beam signals from the fiber array unit to the dispersing element and also to focus laser beam signals from the dispersing element to the switching element.
[0023] Beneficially, the dual functionality of the main optics assembly simplifies the overall design, reduces the number of components, and improves alignment and efficiency of the optical wave selective switch device.
[0024] In an implementation, the beam splitter is a cube beam splitter.
[0025] The cube beam splitters resist alignment issues and maintain performance across varied angles and conditions, making them ideal for precision applications like laser systems and interferometry. With low polarization sensitivity, the cube beam splitters handle unpolarized or varying polarization states effectively, preserving beam characteristics. Their high damage thresholds suit high-power lasers, while consistent splitting ratios and minimal wavelength dependence enhance versatility across optical applications.
[0026] In an implementation, the main optics assembly includes an S reflector.
[0027] Incorporating an S reflector into the main optics assembly enhances system compactness by efficiently folding the optical path, ideal for space-constrained applications like portable devices or dense optical networks. It ensures stable and precise beam alignment, reducing realignment needs and maintaining reliable performance in laser systems and optical communication. Designed to minimize losses and aberrations, the S reflector preserves beam quality, which is crucial for high-precision tasks like spectroscopy and imaging. Its compact, stable, and efficient design makes it a key component in advanced optical systems.
[0028] In an implementation, the optical wave selective switch device has a 4f architecture in a dispersion direction.
[0029] The 4f architecture in a dispersion direction enables precise wavelength dispersion and focusing by placing the dispersing and switching elements at the system's focal planes. The design ensures accurate channel separation, reduces crosstalk, and enhances spectral resolution. Its symmetric optical path minimizes aberrations, maintaining high signal quality and efficiency across wide wavelength ranges, such as the C+L band. Additionally, the 4f architecture allows for a compact, integrated system by folding the optical path, making it ideal for space-constrained environments like telecommunications and data centers.
[0030] In an implementation, when a signal is received at the switching element, each of a plurality of wavelengths of the signal received at the switching element is focussed into a respective slot or channel at the switching element.
[0031] Focusing each wavelength into its designated channel in a switching element enables precise wavelength routing, minimizing crosstalk and enhancing signal integrity. The process supports dynamic optical path reconfiguration and high-density WDM, maximizing bandwidth and scalability for modern telecommunications networks while improving reliability and efficiency.
[0032] In an implementation, the beam splitter is a polarization beam splitter.
[0033] The polarization beam splitter efficiently separates or combines light based on polarization, enhancing signal quality by minimizing polarization-related losses and crosstalk. The polarization beam supports polarization multiplexing, enabling higher data throughput by transmitting multiple channels on orthogonal polarizations. With high extinction ratios and low insertion losses, the polarization beam ensures efficient and reliable performance in optical communication systems.
[0034] In an implementation, the polarization beam splitter has a polarization-splitting coating on its facet.
[0035] The polarization beam splitter with a polarization-splitting coating on its facet enhances the separation efficiency of polarized light, ensuring high extinction ratios between orthogonal polarization states. This coating minimizes insertion losses and maximizes the purity of the separated beams, improving the overall performance and reliability of optical systems that rely on precise polarization control.
[0036] In an implementation, the FAU is arranged in a switching direction.
[0037] Arranging the FAU in a switching direction allows for efficient routing and management of laser beam signals to and from specific input / output ports. This configuration enhances the device's ability to switch dynamically and direct signals with precision, improving the overall flexibility and scalability of the optical wave selective switch device.
[0038] In an implementation, the dispersing element disperses signals in a dispersion direction.
[0039] The dispersing element separates wavelengths within a laser beam, which is essential for WDM in optical communications. It directs each wavelength to its designated channel on the switching element, enabling precise wavelength routing and switching. This enhances bandwidth utilization, network flexibility, and data transmission efficiency.
[0040] It is to be appreciated that all the aforementioned implementation forms can be combined.
[0041] It has to be noted that all devices, elements, circuitry, units, and means described in the present application could be implemented in the software or hardware elements or any kind of combination thereof. All steps which are performed by the various entities described in the present application as well as the functionalities described to be performed by the various entities are intended to mean that the respective entity is adapted to or configured to perform the respective steps and functionalities. Even if, in the following description of specific embodiments, a specific functionality or step to be performed by external entities is not reflected in the description of a specific detailed element of that entity that performs that specific step or functionality, it should be clear for a skilled person that these methods and functionalities can be implemented in respective software or hardware elements, or any kind of combination thereof. It will be appreciated that features of the present disclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0042] Additional aspects, advantages, features, and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings and the detailed description of the illustrative implementations construed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, like elements have been indicated by identical numbers.
[0044] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein:
[0045] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an optical wave selective switch device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0046] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of the ray path for S-polarization from a fibre array unit (FAU) , in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0047] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of the ray path for P-polarization from the FAU, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0048] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an optical wave selective switch device with a different beam splitter, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0049] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a micro-block optics placed between the FAU and a main optics assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0050] In the accompanying drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. A non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non-underlined number to the item. When a number is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0051] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practicing the present disclosure are also possible.
[0052] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an optical wave selective switch device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown an optical wave selective switch device 100 (hereinafter referred to as the device 100) . The device 100 includes a fibre array unit (FAU) 102, a main optics assembly including a beam splitter 104, a first quarter wave plate (QWP) 106 and a second QWP 108, a first catadioptric lens 110 and a second catadioptric lens 112. The device 100 further includes a switching element 114 and a dispersing element 116.
[0053] The device 100 refers to an optical arrangement designed for efficient wavelength-based signal routing in optical communication systems. The device 100 includes the FAU 102 with multiple input / output ports, a switching element (e.g., LCoS) for directing laser beams, and a dispersing element (e.g., grism) to separate beams by wavelength. The main optics assembly splits incoming beams into S and P-polarized paths, processes them through the QWPs and lenses, and directs them to the dispersing element for wavelength separation. The beams return along the same paths, transform back, and are sent to the switching element. Operating in a 4f architecture, the device 100 ensures precise wavelength routing with minimal aberrations, compact design, and high efficiency, making it ideal for WDM applications and high-density networks.
[0054] The device 100 comprises the switching element 114 for steering laser beams in a switching direction through the main optics assembly, to specific output ports of the fiber array unit (FAU) 102. The switching element 114 in optical systems is a component designed to control the direction and path of light signals within the device 100. The switching element 114 allows for the routing of light from one input port to one or multiple output ports, effectively managing the flow of optical signals in a controlled manner. In accordance with an embodiment, the switching element 114 is a liquid crystal on silicon element. The liquid crystal on silicon element is a reflective spatial light modulator that can steer light beams by applying specific phase masks. The switching element 114 such as Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) adjusts the phase of the incoming light, allowing the LCoS to direct the incoming light to the desired output port based on the configured phase pattern.
[0055] The FAU 102 comprises a plurality of input / output ports for sending / receiving laser beam signals having different bandwidths. The FAU 102 serves as the input / output interface for the device 100, where the FAU 102 sends and receives laser beams with different wavelengths. The FAU 102 is aligned with the main optics assembly and other components like the switching element 114 and the dispersing element 116 to ensure efficient signal routing and minimal optical losses. Further, the FAU 102 plays an important role in the multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals, allowing the device 100 to handle multiple wavelengths and channels simultaneously. In accordance with an embodiment, the FAU 102 is arranged in a switching direction. The term "switching direction" refers to the process of changing the path or route of optical signals within a network, typically achieved through the manipulation of optical switches or routing devices.
[0056] The main optics assembly refers to a collection of optical components designed to manipulate and control light within any optical system. The main optics assembly comprises a plurality of lenses. The main optics assembly includes a variety of lenses and other optical elements arranged in a specific configuration to achieve desired optical functions, such as focusing, collimating, or directing light beams. The main optics assembly perform focusing and collimating the light. Further, the main optics assembly may perform light path management, i.e. the main optics assembly manages the light path, ensuring that light passes through the same optical elements multiple times (quadrupole pass) .
[0057] In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly includes an S reflector. The use of the S reflector in the main optics assembly, in combination with the first QWP 106, the second QWP 108 and the beam splitter 104, enables the precise manipulation of the optical path, ensuring that the dispersing element 116 and the switching element 114 are positioned close to the optical axis of the catadioptric lenses. This arrangement minimizes off-axis aberration and optimizes the performance of the wave selective switcher, thereby improving the overall functionality and effectiveness of the device.
[0058] The beam splitter 104 refers to an optical component within the main optics assembly of the device 100, designed to separate incoming laser beams from the FAU 102 into two orthogonal polarization states, i.e., S-polarized and P-polarized beams. In accordance with an embodiment, the beam splitter 104 is a polarization beam splitter. The polarization beam splitter refers to an optical device that separates an incident light beam into two orthogonal polarization components, typically by utilizing birefringent crystals, waveguides, or thin film coatings, allowing for the independent manipulation or routing of each polarization state within an optical communication system. The polarization beam splitter provides high extinction ratios with minimal cross-polarization leakage, resulting in enhanced signal-to-noise ratios. The polarization beam splitter offers exceptional optical performance with low insertion losses, high transmission efficiency, and minimal wavefront distortion, making it ideal for precise and high-quality optical applications. The polarization beam splitter exhibits excellent thermal and environmental stability, ensuring consistent functionality under varying conditions and reliable long-term operation.
[0059] Furthermore, robust power-handling capabilities and high damage threshold make the polarization beam splitter well-suited for high-power optical systems. In accordance with an embodiment, the polarization beam splitter has a polarization splitting coating on its facet. The inclusion of splitting coating on the facet of the polarization beam splitter enhances the capability of the device 100 to switch optical waves based on their polarization states selectively.
[0060] In accordance with an embodiment, the beam splitter 104 is a cube beam splitter. The cube beam splitter provides a combination of high polarization separation efficiency, compactness, robustness, and low aberrations, making it an ideal choice for the WSS device. The ability of the cube beam splitter to handle high-power laser beams, maintain consistent splitting ratios, and integrate seamlessly into folded optical paths ensures reliable and precise performance in wavelength-selective switching applications.
[0061] The first quarter wave plate (QWP) 106 and the second QWP 108 refer to the type of wave plate that introduces a phase difference of one-quarter of a wavelength between two orthogonal polarization components of an incident light beam.
[0062] The term "catadioptric lens" refers to a lens system that combines both refractive and reflective optical elements to focus or collimate light, commonly used in optical systems such as telescopes and camera lenses.
[0063] The switching element 114 refers to a critical component in the device 100, responsible for directing laser beams in a switching direction to specific output ports of the FAU 102. Positioned at the focal plane of the main optics assembly and aligned along the optical axis, the switching element 114 functions within the device's 4f architecture to manage wavelength dispersion. In accordance with an embodiment, the switching element is a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) element. When implemented as a LCoS element, the switching element 114 processes transformed S and P polarized beams, focusing each wavelength into its respective slot or channel. The ability of the switching element 114 to handle multiple wavelengths simultaneously enables precise wavelength-based signal routing, dynamic reconfiguration, and efficient optical switching, making it vital for high-density optical communication networks.
[0064] The dispersing element 116 is an optical component used in the device 100 to separate light into its constituent wavelengths or spectral components. The dispersing element 116 operates on the principle of dispersion, where different wavelengths of light beams are refracted or diffracted at different angles, effectively spreading out the light spectrum. In accordance with an embodiment, the dispersing element 116 is a grism element. The grism element is an optical component that combines the properties of a diffraction grating and a prism. The grism element is used to disperse light into its constituent wavelengths with high efficiency and precision. The grism element effectively disperses the input laser beam into its constituent wavelengths, allowing for precise routing of different wavelengths to specific output ports. The grism element’s ability to combine dispersion and refraction in a single element helps in reducing the overall footprint of the device 100, contributing to a more compact and efficient design. Further, by minimizing aberrations and maximizing dispersion efficiency, the grism element enhances the overall performance of the wavelength-selective switch (WSS) , ensuring high coupling efficiency and precise wavelength control.
[0065] In accordance with an embodiment, the dispersing element 116 has a diffraction grating on a back side. The integration of the diffraction grating on the rear surface of the dispersing element 116, such as the grism. When a laser beam enters the dispersing element 116, it first passes through the material before interacting with the grating, which diffracts the light into its constituent wavelengths. The dispersed light is then reflected by the diffraction grating and retraces its path through the dispersing element, forming a compact, double-pass configuration. The arrangement enhances dispersion efficiency, ensuring precise wavelength separation, critical for applications like wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) . The backside grating also minimizes off-axis aberrations by maintaining alignment along the optical axis, resulting in improved signal quality and broader wavelength coverage, such as the C+L band. Additionally, the integrated design simplifies component alignment, reduces system size, and improves coupling efficiency between the dispersing and switching elements. In a WSS device, this precise and efficient dispersion enables accurate routing of individual wavelengths to specific output ports, supporting high-density, high-performance optical communication systems.
[0066] In accordance with an embodiment, the dispersing element 116 disperses signals in a dispersion direction. The term "disperses" refers to the phenomenon of spreading or separating different wavelengths of light as they propagate through a medium, such as an optical fiber, due to the varying refractive index of the material. The term "signals" refers to the modulated light waves carrying information, typically in the form of data, which are transmitted and received in optical communication systems for the purpose of conveying information over long distances.
[0067] The dispersing element 116 disperses the input signals depending on their wavelength using a diffraction grating on the back side of the dispersing element 116. The dispersed signals are then reflected through the main optics assembly and directed to the switching element 116, which focuses the signals into different channels based on their wavelengths. The dispersion process is essential for separating and directing signals of different wavelengths to specific channels, allowing for selective switching and routing of optical signals based on their wavelengths. The action of the dispersing element 116 enables the device 100 to effectively manage and route optical signals of different wavelengths, thereby facilitating the selective switching and routing of signals in the device 100.
[0068] In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly, the switching element 114 and the dispersing element 116 are arranged such that laser beams diffracted at the dispersing element 116 are passed through the main optics assembly and are focused on the switching element in a separable channel slots. The arrangement is implemented to efficiently disperse and focus laser beams of different wavelengths onto the switching element in separable channel slots, allowing for precise and selective switching of optical waves based on their wavelengths. Advantageously, the arrangement effectively disperses and focuses laser beams of different wavelengths onto the switching element 114, enabling the selective switching of optical waves based on their specific wavelengths with high precision and efficiency.
[0069] In accordance with an embodiment, the dispersing element 116 is located on the optical axis of the main optics assembly on the opposite side of the main optics assembly from the FAU 102 and the switching element 114. By placing the dispersing element 116 on the opposite side of the main optics assembly from the FAU 102 and the switching element 114, the device 100 ensures that the laser beams passing through the dispersing element 116 are properly dispersed based on the wavelengths of the laser beams. In operation, the main optics assembly directs the incoming laser beams through the lenses of the main optics assembly, focusing them onto the FAU 102. The FAU 102 is then configured to send the laser beams to the switching element 114, which is located at the focal plane. Thereafter, the laser beams continue to move through the main optics assembly and are directed towards the dispersing element 116, located on the optical axis on the opposite side. The dispersing element 116 is then configured to separate the laser beams based on the wavelengths of the laser beams, thereby ensuring an effective dispersion of the laser beams, allowing for accurate wavelength separation.
[0070] In an implementation, positioning the dispersing element 116 away from the FAU 102 and the switching element 114 reduces the potential for interference between different wavelength channels. The separation helps maintain the integrity of the dispersed beams and prevents crosstalk or signal contamination between different wavelength channels. Further, by placing the dispersing element 116 on the opposite side of the main optics assembly, the optical path for the dispersed laser beams is simplified. The straightforward optical path minimizes the complexity of the device 100 and facilitates easier alignment and calibration procedures. Physically separating the dispersing element 116 from the FAU 102 and the switching element 114 helps in reducing crosstalk between different wavelength channels. The separation minimizes unwanted interactions between laser beams and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the device 100.
[0071] In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly, the switching element 114, and the dispersing element 116 are arranged such that laser beams diffracted at the dispersing element 116 are passed through the main optics assembly and are focused on the switching element 114 in separable channel slots. In an implementation, the laser beams from the FAU 102 pass through the main optics assembly and get dispersed by the dispersing element 116. Further, the laser beams pass back through the main optics assembly to be focused on the switching element 114 in separable channel slots corresponding to different wavelengths. By focusing the dispersed wavelengths onto separate channel slots on the switching element 114, the switching element 114 can independently steer each wavelength channel to the desired output port. Such an arrangement enables efficient wavelength-based routing and switching of optical signals in a compact and integrated design while maintaining the high optical performance and efficiency of the device 100.
[0072] In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly is structured so as to deliver laser beam signals from the FAU 102 to the dispersing element 116 and also to focus laser beam signals from the dispersing element 116 to the switching element 114. In an implementation, the main optics assembly is designed to perform both the functions of delivering the laser beams from the FAU 102 to the dispersing element 116 and also focusing the diffracted beams from the dispersing element 116 onto the switching element 114. The main optics assembly is implemented to enable a more compact and integrated design with fewer optical elements while still maintaining high optical performance and efficiency. The main optics assembly eliminates the need for separate input / output and switching blocks, reducing complexity and improving the alignment of the device 100.
[0073] In operation, the FAU 102 serves as the interface for optical signals entering or exiting the device 100. The FAU 102 includes multiple optical fiber ports, each designed to handle multi-wavelength laser signals. The incoming laser beam signals typically consist of multiple wavelengths that need to be selectively separated and routed. Each port of the FAU 102 is configured to transmit and receive optical signals, ensuring a seamless flow of data between the WSS and the external optical network. After leaving the FAU 102, the laser beam signals enter the main optics assembly, where they first encounter the beam splitter 104.
[0074] In accordance with an embodiment, signals coming from the FAU 102 are split by the beam splitter 104 into a S-polarized beam and a P-polarized beam. The beam splitter 104 uses a polarization-sensitive coating to divide the incoming light into two orthogonally polarized components the S-polarized beam (i.e., light polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence (vertically polarized) ) and the P-polarized beam (i.e., the light polarized parallel to the plane of incidence (horizontally polarized) ) . The polarization separation is important for enabling precise control of the beams along their subsequent optical paths. The S-polarized beam is directed toward the first QWP 106 and the first catadioptric lens 110. The first QWP 106 is designed to modify the polarization state of the light passing through it by introducing a phase delay of one-quarter wavelength. During the first pass, the first QWP 106 converts the S-polarized beam into P-polarization. The first catadioptric lens 110 reflects the beam back toward the first QWP 106, ensuring precise alignment. The first catadioptric lens 110 collimates (or focuses) the S-polarized beam to maintain a tight, consistent optical path. After reflection and collimation, the S-polarized beam is directed to the dispersing element 116 for wavelength separation.
[0075] Similarly, the P-polarized beam follows a separate optical path toward the second QWP 108 and the second catadioptric lens 112. The second QWP 108 changes the polarization state of the beam from P-polarized to S-polarized during the first pass. The second catadioptric lens 112 reflects and collimates the P-polarized beam (as illustrated in the present embodiment by dotted arrows, for example, beams 118) , ensuring its optical quality remains intact. The modified P-polarized beam is then directed to the dispersing element along an optical path distinct from the S-polarized beam. Both the S-polarized beams (as illustrated in the present embodiment by solid arrows, for example, beams 120) and the P-polarized beams (as illustrated in the present embodiment by dotted arrows, for example, beams 118) reach the dispersing element 116, typically implemented as a GRISM (acombination of a diffraction grating and a prism) . The GRISM performs wavelength dispersion, which spatially separates the individual wavelengths of the incoming beams based on their spectral properties. Shorter wavelengths are diffracted at larger angles than longer wavelengths, resulting in a clear spatial separation. The dispersion ensures that each wavelength can be individually addressed and manipulated in later stages.
[0076] After dispersion, the beams are reflected back by the dispersing element 116 and retrace their respective paths through the main optics assembly. The beam from dispersing element 116 passes back through the first catadioptric lens 110 and the first QWP 106, where its polarization state is restored to S-polarization. The P-polarized beam passes back through the second catadioptric lens 112 and the second QWP 108, where its polarization state is restored to P-polarization. The return journey ensures that the dispersed beams are properly aligned and focused for the next stage of operation. The returning beams are directed toward the switching element 114. The main optics assembly focuses the dispersed beams onto the switching element 114 with high precision. In accordance with an embodiment, when a signal is received at the switching element 114, each of a plurality of wavelengths of the signal received at the switching element is focussed into a respective slot or channel at the switching element. Each wavelength is directed to a specific slot or channel on the switching element 114. The switching element 114 dynamically manipulates the phase and angle of each wavelength channel by adjusting the liquid crystal pixels. This allows precise control over the direction and destination of each wavelength. After being processed by the switching element 114, the beams are steered toward the appropriate output ports of the FAU 102.
[0077] After the laser beams are dispersed by the dispersing element 116 (for example, GRISM) , the individual wavelengths are spatially separated. The dispersed beams are focused onto specific spots or slots on the surface of the switching element 116. Each slot corresponds to a particular wavelength channel, ensuring that all wavelengths are precisely aligned for processing.
[0078] The switching element 114 is typically a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) device. A reflective silicon backplane with a matrix of pixels. A liquid crystal layer over the silicon backplane. Transparent electrodes and control circuits to modulate the liquid crystal pixels. The LCoS device works as a dynamic phase modulator by manipulating the phase of incoming light beams through the liquid crystal pixels. Each pixel of the LCoS can control the optical phase of the incident light by altering the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. When voltage is applied across a pixel, the liquid crystal molecules change their alignment. The alignment determines the optical path length of the light passing through the liquid crystal, effectively modifying its phase. The phase modulation is tailored for each wavelength, enabling the device to steer the beams at precise angles. By controlling the phase profile across the array of liquid crystal pixels, the LCoS performs beam steering: Each beam is directed to a specific output port of the FAU 102. The phase gradient applied across the pixels determines the direction of the outgoing beam. The process allows dynamic redirection of individual wavelength channels without requiring physical movement of the optical components. The LCoS enables wavelength-selective routing: Different wavelengths can be routed to different output fibers within the FAU 102 based on network requirements. For instance, a signal at one wavelength (e.g., 1550 nm) can be directed to a specific port, while another wavelength (e.g., 1310 nm) is routed to a different port. The dynamic nature of the LCoS allows reconfiguration in real-time, making it highly adaptable to changing network demands. The LCoS is designed to minimize crosstalk by maintaining precise control over phase modulation and beam alignment, interference between adjacent channels is minimized.
[0079] Further, the reflective nature of the LCoS and its efficient modulation mechanism ensures that the signal power is preserved during processing. The switching element 114 operates dynamically by updating the phase modulation pattern, the LCoS can quickly reconfigure the routing of wavelength channels. The capability supports dynamic optical networking, where wavelength paths can be adjusted on demand without manual intervention.
[0080] Once the beams are processed and redirected by the switching element 114, they are steered toward the FAU 102. The beams are precisely focused onto the correct output ports, ensuring that each wavelength channel is routed to its intended destination. The LCoS ensures that each wavelength is routed to its designated output fiber, enabling wavelength-selective switching. The dynamic routing capability allows the WSS to handle complex optical networking tasks, such as bandwidth allocation, signal reconfiguration, and channel switching. In accordance with an embodiment, the optical wave selective switch device has a 4f architecture in a dispersion direction. The 4f architecture ensures that beams maintain minimal distortion and are correctly aligned along the dispersion direction. The device 100 handles multi-wavelength signals efficiently while preserving the integrity of polarization states.
[0081] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of the ray path for S-polarization from the FAU, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is described in conjunction with elements from FIG. 1. With reference to FIG. 2, a diagram 200 shows a schematic of the ray path for S-polarization from the FAU 102, showing the overall arrangement and optical path of the laser beams in the dispersion direction. The dispersion direction refers to the direction in which the dispersing element 116 separates the different wavelengths of the incoming laser beam signals. The diagram 200 includes a section 200A, a section 200B and a section 200C. The section 200A includes the second catadioptric lens 112 and the second QWP 108, the switching element 114, and a diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. Further, the section 200A also depicts the path of the laser beams, including a first beam 202A, a second beam 204A, a third beam 206A and a fourth beam 208A. The first beam 202A and the fourth beam 208A are S-polarized laser beams, whereas the second beam 204A and the third beam 206A are P-polarized laser beams.
[0082] The laser beams from an output port of the FAU 102 first pass through the main optics assembly and get dispersed by the dispersing element 116 in the dispersion direction. The dispersed laser beams then pass back through the main optics assembly and get focused onto separable channel slots on the switching element 114.
[0083] The section 200B depicts the series of operations to illustrate the path of the laser beams as explained in the section 200A. The section 200B depicts the one section of the main optics assembly having various optical equipment, i.e., the first catadioptric lens 110, the first QWP 106, the switching element 114, and the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly has a focal plane and an optical axis 202B perpendicular to the focal plane. At operation 204B, the first beam 202A emerges from the FAU 102 (shown in FIG. 1) and, on being splitted by the beam splitter 104, reaches the first QWP 106 and then reaches the first catadioptric lens 110. At operation 206B, the first beam, after getting reflected from the first catadioptric lens 110, is transformed into P polarization state, i.e., the second beam 204A and the second beam 204A are directed to the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. At operation 208B, the second beam 204A, on getting scattered from the diffraction grating 116A, returns to the first QWP 106 and the first catadioptric lens 110 and is transformed to S polarization, i.e., the fourth beam 208A. At operation 210B, the fourth beam 208A is sent to the switching element 114.
[0084] The section 200C depicts the 4f architecture obtained using the process explained in the section 200A and the section 200B. The section 200C comprises the first catadioptric lens 110, the first QWP 106, the switching element 114, and the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. The device 100 has a 4f architecture in a dispersion direction. In an implementation, the main optics assembly of the device 100 has the 4f architecture (acts as a 4f optical system) in the dispersion direction, ensuring diffraction-limited performance and minimizing aberrations. The dispersion direction refers to the direction in which the dispersing element 116 separates the different wavelengths of the incoming laser beam signals. The 4f optical system refers to a specific optical configuration where the total optical path length between the input and output planes is four times the focal length (f) of the lenses used. In an implementation, the term "4f" implies the 4f optical system, such as a first lens is used to collimate the input laser beam, creating a parallel bundle of rays, a second lens is placed at a distance of 2f from the first lens, where f is the focal length of the second lens, a third lens is placed at a distance of 2f from the second lens. The output plane (or image plane) is located at a distance of 2f from the third lens. The 4f optical system forms an image of the input plane at the output plane with a magnification determined by the focal lengths of the plurality of lenses used. The 4f optical system provides telecentric imaging, meaning that chief laser beams at the input and output planes are parallel to the optical axis, which is beneficial for applications that require uniform illumination or imaging over a large field of view. By carefully designing the plurality of lenses, the 4f optical system may be optimized to minimize various optical aberrations, such as spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism, leading to improved image quality.
[0085] Further, the configuration of the 4f optical system can be scaled to different sizes and wavelengths by adjusting the focal lengths of the optical elements while maintaining the 4f ratio. In the dispersion direction, the 4f architecture is implemented to properly focus the dispersed wavelength channels onto separable channel slots on the switching element 114. The 4f architecture ensures that the diffracted beams from the dispersing element 116 are accurately focused and spatially separated on the switching element 114.
[0086] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of the ray path for P-polarization from the FAU, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is described in conjunction with elements from FIGs. 1 and 2. With reference to FIG. 3, a diagram 300 shows a schematic of the ray path for P-polarization from the FAU 102, showing the overall arrangement and optical path of the laser beams in the dispersion direction.
[0087] The diagram 300 includes a section 300A, a section 300B and a section 300C. The section 300A includes the second catadioptric lens 112 and the second QWP 108, the switching element 114, and the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. Further, the section 300A also depicts the path of the laser beams, including a first beam 302A, a second beam 304A, a third beam 306A and a fourth beam 308A. The first beam 302A and the fourth beam 308A are P-polarized laser beams, whereas the second beam 304A and the third beam 306A are S-polarized laser beams. The laser beams from an output port of the FAU 102 first pass through the main optics assembly and get dispersed by the dispersing element 116 in the dispersion direction. The dispersed laser beams then pass back through the main optics assembly and get focused onto separable channel slots on the switching element 114.
[0088] The section 300B depicts the series of operations to illustrate path of the laser beams as explained in the section 300A. The section 300B depicts the one section of the main optics assembly having various optical equipment i.e., the second catadioptric lens 112, the second QWP 108, the switching element 114, and the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. In accordance with an embodiment, the main optics assembly has a focal plane and an optical axis 202B perpendicular to the focal plane. At operation 302B, the first beam 302A emerges from the FAU 102 (shown in FIG. 1) and, on being splitted by the beam splitter 104, reaches the second QWP 108 and then reaches the second catadioptric lens 112. At operation 304B, the first beam 302A, after getting reflected from the second catadioptric lens 112, is transformed into S-polarization state, i.e., the second beam 304A and the second beam 304A is directed to the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. At operation 306B, the second beam 304A, on getting scattered from the diffraction grating 116A, returns back to the second QWP 108 and the second catadioptric lens 112 and is transformed into P-polarization state, i.e., the fourth beam 308A. At operation 308B, the fourth beam 308A is sent to the switching element 114.
[0089] The section 300C depicts the 4f architecture obtained using the process explained in the section 300A and the section 300B. The section 300C comprises the second catadioptric lens 112, the second QWP 108, the switching element 114, and the diffraction grating 116A of the dispersing element 116. The device 100 has a 4f architecture in a dispersion direction. In an implementation, the main optics assembly of the device 100 has the 4f architecture (acts as a 4f optical system) in the dispersion direction, ensuring diffraction-limited performance and minimizing aberrations. The dispersion direction refers to the direction in which the dispersing element 116 separates the different wavelengths of the incoming laser beam signals. The 4f optical system refers to a specific optical configuration where the total optical path length between the input and output planes is four times the focal length (f) of the lenses used. In an implementation, the term "4f" implies the 4f optical system, such as a first lens is used to collimate the input laser beam, creating a parallel bundle of rays, a second lens is placed at a distance of 2f from the first lens, where f is the focal length of the second lens, a third lens is placed at a distance of 2f from the second lens. The output plane (or image plane) is located at a distance of 2f from the third lens. The 4f optical system forms an image of the input plane at the output plane with a magnification determined by the focal lengths of the plurality of lenses used. The 4f optical system provides telecentric imaging, meaning that chief laser beams at the input and output planes are parallel to the optical axis that is beneficial for applications that require uniform illumination or imaging over a large field of view.
[0090] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an optical wave selective switch device with a different beam splitter, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is described in conjunction with elements from FIGs. 1 to 3. With reference to FIG. 4, there is shown a diagram that depicts the device 400 that includes the FAU 102, a main optics assembly including a cube beam splitter 402, the first QWP 106, the second QWP 108, the first catadioptric lens 110 and the second catadioptric lens 112. The device 100 further includes the switching element 114, and the dispersing element 116.
[0091] The switching element 114, such as a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) , is configured to steer beams in the switching direction. The dispersing element 116, such as a GRISM, is configured to disperse laser beams depending on the respective wavelength. The main optics assembly is positioned between the switching element 114 and the dispersing element 116. The input signal (laser beam) from the FAU 102 passes through the main optics assembly to the dispersing element 116, where the laser beam is angularly separated into different wavelengths. The dispersed beams then pass back through the main optics and are focused into separate channel slots on the switching element 114. The switching element 114 can independently direct each wavelength to a desired output port in the FAU 102.
[0092] FIG. 5 is a diagram that depicts a micro-optics block placed in between a fibre array unit (FAU) and a main optical assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to FIG. 5, there is shown a micro-optics block 500 that is placed in between the FAU 102 and the main optical assembly.
[0093] In accordance with an embodiment, a micro-optics block 500 is located between the FAU 102 and the main optics assembly, including a Wollaston prism 506, a microlens array 502, a polarization beam combiner 512, and an optical element 508 that adds half wave delay in a one of the two beams separated by the Wollaston prism 506. The micro-optics block 500 is placed between the FAU 102 and the main optics assembly. The micro-optics block includes a Wollaston prism 506, the microlens arrays 502, a polarization beam combiner 512, and an optical element 508 that refers to a plate having half part of the back surface working as a half-wave plate. The Wollaston prism 506 refers to an optical element that splits an incoming light beam into two orthogonally polarized outgoing beams. The Wollaston prism 506 is used to separate or combine polarization states. The microlens arrays 502 refers to arrays of tiny lenses, typically used for beam shaping, collimating, or focusing light from optical fibres or other sources. The polarization beam combiner 512 refers to an optical component, likely a polarizing beam splitter cube or plate, that combines or splits beams of different polarizations (e.g., S and P polarizations) . The optical element 508 introduces (λ / 2) optical path difference in one of the splitted beams, thereby the optical element 508 converts the unpolarized source into either S or P polarized. Having two such sources with orthogonal polarizations and combining them with the polarization beam combiner 512 makes the TWIN.
[0094] The micro-optics block 500 further includes a first cylindrical lens 504, and a second cylindrical lens 510. The micro-optics block 500 is implemented to enable efficient coupling of light from the FAU 102 into the main optics assembly, while also providing polarization control and beam shaping capabilities. The micro-optics block 500 allows for efficient coupling of the input beams from the FAU 102, while also enabling polarization control, beam shaping, and polarization multiplexing (for TWIN WSS operation) , improving the overall performance and functionality of the device 100.
[0095] In an implementation, the micro-optics block 500 allows to convert the circular gaussian beam from the FAU 102 into the elliptical gaussian beam. Converting the circular Gaussian beam from the FAU 102 to an elliptical Gaussian beam is implemented to improve coupling efficiency and reduce aberrations in the subsequent optics. By converting the circular gaussian beam to the elliptical gaussian beam, the device 100 improves the coupling efficiency of the input beams into the main optics assembly, while also reducing aberrations and improving overall image quality and optical performance of the device 100.
[0096] In accordance with an embodiment, the micro-optics block 500 is further arranged to convert an unpolarized beam to a polarized beam. In an implementation, the micro-optics block 500 allows to convert unpolarized beam into an S or P polarized beam. Converting the unpolarized beam to a polarized beam is implemented for proper operation of the switching element 114 (i.e., LCoS) and enables polarization-multiplexed operation of the device 100. The technical effect of polarizing the input beam is that it enables the use of polarization-based switching and routing mechanisms, allowing for efficient and independent control of orthogonal polarization channels, effectively doubling the overall capacity of the device 100.
[0097] In some implementations, the micro-optics block 500 produces at least one S-polarized signal 514 and a second micro-optics block produces at least one P-polarized signal 516, and the at least one S-polarized signal 514 and the at least one P-polarized signal 516 are combined using a polarization beam combiner 512. The micro-optics block 500 is implemented to enable a twin wavelength selective switch operation, where two separate polarization channels can be processed and combined, effectively doubling the overall capacity of the device 100. By enabling the micro-optics block 500 in the device 100, the device 100 allows for simultaneous processing and combining of two orthogonal polarization channels (Sand P) , resulting in a higher overall capacity and throughput for the device 100.
[0098] In accordance with an embodiment, the polarization beam splitter (PBS) is located between the main optics assembly and the switching element 114. The PBS focuses the S-polarized and P-polarized beams from the two separate micro-optics blocks (for TWIN WSS operation) into different channel slots on the switching element 114. In an implementation, the polarization beam splitter is located between the main optics assembly and the switching element 114, which focuses laser beams with different polarization into different channel slots. The PBS is used to focus the S-polarized and P-polarized laser beams from the two separate micro-optics blocks 500 (for TWIN WSS operation) into different channel slots on the switching element 114. The PBS is implemented to enable simultaneous operation with two orthogonal polarizations, effectively doubling the overall capacity of the device 100. By using the PBS, the device 100 allows for polarization-multiplexed operation, where two separate polarization channels can be processed and switched independently, increasing the overall capacity and throughput of the device 100.
[0099] Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as “including” , “comprising” , “incorporating” , “have” , “is” used to describe, and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” . Any embodiment described as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or to exclude the incorporation of features from other embodiments. The word “optionally” is used herein to mean “is provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments” . It is appreciated that certain features of the present disclosure, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the disclosure.
Claims
1.An optical wave selective switch device (100) comprising:a fiber array unit (FAU) (102) comprising a plurality of input / output ports for sending / receiving laser beam signals having different bandwidths;a switching element (114) for steering laser beams in a switching direction to specific output ports of the fiber array unit;a dispersing element (116) which disperses laser beam signals which are incident thereon, depending on the wavelength of the laser beam signals; anda main optics assembly comprising a plurality of optical elements, located between the FAU (102) and the dispersing element (116) ;wherein the main optics assembly comprises a beam splitter (104) , a first quarter wave plate (QWP) (106) and a second QWP (108) , a first catadioptric lens (110) and a second catadioptric lens (112) ;wherein the main optics assembly is arranged such that:a) signals coming from the fiber array unit (102) are split by the beam splitter into an S polarized beam and a P polarized beam;b) the S polarized beam is directed to the first QWP (106) and the first catadioptric lens (110) and is reflected through the first QWP (106) and first catadioptric lens (110) and transformed to P polarization and is directed to the dispersing element and returns back to the first QWP (106) and first catadioptric lens (110) and is transformed to S polarization and sent to the switching element (114) ; andc) the P polarized beam is directed to the second QWP (108) and the second catadioptric lens (112) and is reflected through the second QWP (108) and the second catadioptric lens (112) and transformed into S polarization and is directed to the dispersing element and returns back to the second QWP (108) and the second catadioptric lens (112) and is transformed to P polarization and sent to the switching element (114) .2.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the main optics assembly has a focal plane and an optical axis perpendicular to the focal plane;wherein the fiber array unit (102) and the switching element (114) are both located at the focal plane of the main optics assembly on one side, along the optical axis of the main optics assembly;wherein the dispersing element is located on the optical axis of the main optics assembly on the opposite side of the main optics assembly from the fiber array unit and the switching element.3.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the switching element (114) is a liquid crystal on silicon element.4.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the dispersing element (116) is a grism element.5.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the main optics assembly, the switching element (114) and the dispersing element (116) are arranged such that laser beams diffracted at the dispersing element (116) are passed through the main optics assembly and are focused on the switching element (114) in separable channel slots.6.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the dispersing element (116) has a diffraction grating on a back side.7.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the main optics assembly is structured so as to deliver laser beam signals from the fiber array unit (102) to the dispersing element (116) , and also to focus laser beam signals from the dispersing element to the switching element (114) .8.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the beam splitter (104) is a cube beam splitter.9.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the main optics assembly includes an S reflector.10.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the optical wave selective switch device (100) has a 4f architecture in a dispersion direction.11.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein when a signal is received at the switching element (114) , each of a plurality of wavelengths of the signal received at the switching element is focussed into a respective slot or channel at the switching element (114) .12.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the beam splitter is a polarization beam splitter.13.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 12, wherein the polarization beam splitter has a polarization splitting coating on its facet.14.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the FAU (102) is arranged in a switching direction.15.The optical wave selective switch device (100) of claim 1, wherein the dispersing element (116) disperses signals in a dispersion direction.