Communication method, communication device, apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

A communication method, a communication device, an apparatus, and a storage medium are provided. The communication method comprises: a first device receives a first signal sent by a second device; and, on the basis of the first signal, the first device determines a transmission parameter of at least one signal. The transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment, devices, and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of environmental Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and more specifically, to a communication method, communication device, apparatus, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In some communication systems (such as zero-power IoT communication systems or similar systems), there may be a large number of first devices. When these first devices interact with second devices, they may use the same transmit and receive parameters to send data to the second devices. This causes the second devices to be unable to identify the sender of the reported information, resulting in transmission interference. This interference degrades the performance of the communication system. Furthermore, if the second devices in this communication system use fixed transmission parameters, it is only applicable to a single scenario and cannot be adjusted according to actual deployment. This lack of flexibility further limits the application scope and effectiveness of the communication system.

[0003] In summary, current zero-power IoT communication systems, or similar systems, are insufficient in handling large-scale first-device communication and flexible scenario communication, and urgently need further improvement and enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method, communication device, apparatus, and storage medium. The various aspects covered by this application are described below.

[0005] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, comprising: a first device receiving a first signal sent by a second device; the first device determining transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0006] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, comprising: a second device sending a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to determine transmission parameters of at least one signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0007] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, the communication device being a first device, the communication device including a transceiver unit, the transceiver unit being configured to: receive a first signal sent by a second device; determine transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0008] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, the communication device being a second device, the communication device comprising: a transceiver unit, configured to send a first signal to a first device, the first signal being configured to determine transmission parameters of at least one signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0009] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a program, the processor is used to invoke the program in the memory, and to control the transceiver to receive or transmit signals, so that the communication device performs the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0010] A sixth aspect provides an apparatus including a processor for calling a program from a memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0011] A seventh aspect provides a chip including a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0012] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a program stored thereon that causes a computer to perform the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0013] Ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0014] In a tenth aspect, a computer program is provided that causes a computer to perform the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0015] In the communication method provided in this application embodiment, a first device can determine the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on a first signal sent by a second device, wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal. This method helps distinguish different first devices by sending different first signals to different first devices, enabling each first device to send subsequent signals to the second device using different transmission parameters, and allows multiple first devices to transmit signals in batches in an orderly manner. This method is beneficial for improving system performance when applying large-scale first device communication in zero-power IoT communication systems or similar communication systems, and enhances the flexibility of the communication system in various communication scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a system architecture example diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural example diagram of an A-IoT terminal device.

[0018] Figure 3 is a structural example of the energy harvesting module in Figure 2.

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication process of A-IoT terminal devices.

[0020] Figure 5 shows an example of the encoding method for A-IoT terminal devices.

[0021] Figures 6(a)-6(e) are schematic diagrams of the encoding methods in zero-power communication provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first signal provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figures 10(a) and 10(b) are schematic diagrams of the structure of the response signal of the first signal provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the composition of at least some signals included in the first signal provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a device applicable to embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Communication system architecture

[0033] Figure 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120. The network device 110 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 120. The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and may communicate with the terminal device 120 located within that coverage area. The terminal device 120 may access a network (such as a wireless network) through the network device 110.

[0034] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary network device and two terminals. Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple network devices, and each network device may include other terminal devices within its coverage area. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0035] Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0036] It should be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: 5th generation (5G) systems or new radio (NR), long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, etc. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as 6th generation mobile communication systems, satellite communication systems, and so on.

[0037] The terminal device in this application embodiment can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal device in this application embodiment can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connectivity, vehicle-mounted device, etc. The terminal devices in the embodiments of this application may be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, handheld computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, and IoT terminal devices, etc.

[0038] Optionally, the UE can be used to act as a base station. For example, the UE can act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signaling between UEs in V2X or D2D, etc. For instance, cellular phones and cars use sidelink signals to communicate with each other. Cellular phones and smart home devices can communicate without relaying communication signals through a base station.

[0039] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. This network device can also be called an access network device or a wireless access network device, such as a base station. In this application embodiment, the network device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names including: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master MeNB, secondary SeNB, multi-mode radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. Base stations can also be mobile switching centers, devices that perform base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, network-side devices in 6G networks, and devices that perform base station functions in future communication systems. Base stations can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0040] In some embodiments, the network device can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile network device, and one or more cells can move according to the location of the mobile network device. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured to be used as a device to communicate with another network device.

[0041] In some deployments, the network device in this application embodiment may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device may include both a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0042] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0043] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in this application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0044] Zero-power communication technology principle

[0045] In recent years, the application of zero-power devices has become increasingly widespread. During standardization discussions, zero-power IoT can also be called Ambient Power Enabled IoT, or simply Ambient IoT (Ambient Energy IoT), and in some technical documents, it is also referred to as Passive IoT (Passive Internet of Things). A zero-power device (or Ambient IoT device) refers to an IoT device that uses various environmental energy sources, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy, to power itself. This device may have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (e.g., using a capacitor with a capacitance of tens of microseconds). Compared to existing IoT devices, zero-power devices, also known as Ambient IoT devices, have many advantages, including no need for conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, and long lifespan. In this scenario, the terminal device 120 mentioned earlier can be called a "zero-power device" or "A-IoT terminal device." For the sake of simplicity, zero-power devices will be abbreviated as A-IoT in the following text.

[0046] Communication technologies that may be used in zero-power communication systems

[0047] A-IoT communication employs energy harvesting and backscatter communication technologies, featuring low power consumption and low cost. The working principle of A-IoT terminal devices is illustrated below with reference to Figures 2 to 6.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2, a zero-power IoT device may include a network device 210 and an A-IoT terminal device 220. The network device 210 may be, for example, the network device 110 in Figure 1. The A-IoT terminal device 220 may be, for example, the terminal device 120 in Figure 1.

[0049] Network device 210 is used to send wireless power signals and downlink communication signals to A-IoT terminal device 220, and to receive backscattered signals from A-IoT terminal device 220.

[0050] In some embodiments, the A-IoT terminal device 220 may include an energy harvesting module 221 and a backscatter communication module 222. In some cases, the A-IoT terminal device 220 may also include a low-power computing module 223. The low-power computing module 223 can be used to provide computing functions for the A-IoT terminal device 220, such as data processing. In other cases, the A-IoT terminal device 220 may also include a sensor module 224 for collecting external information (e.g., ambient temperature, ambient humidity, etc.). In still other cases, the A-IoT terminal device 220 may also include a storage module for storing information (e.g., external information collected by the aforementioned sensors, or such as item identification).

[0051] The energy harvesting module 221 described above is used to harvest energy. In some implementations, energy can be harvested from a power supply signal sent by other devices or from the external environment. The power supply signal can be a "radio frequency signal" sent by the network device 210; therefore, the energy harvesting module described above can be a "radio frequency (RF) power harvesting module".

[0052] Figure 3 illustrates one possible structure of the energy harvesting module 221. As shown in Figure 3, the energy harvesting module 221 can harvest the energy of spatial electromagnetic waves from radio frequency signals based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and store the harvested energy in capacitor C, which is the charging process of capacitor C. After the charging process of capacitor C is completed, capacitor C can start to discharge to power the A-IoT terminal device 220. For example, the discharge of capacitor C can be used to drive the A-IoT terminal device 220 to perform low-power demodulation of data sent by other devices. Alternatively, the discharge of capacitor C can be used to drive the A-IoT terminal device 220 to modulate the data to be transmitted. Furthermore, the discharge of capacitor C can be used to drive the sensors of the A-IoT terminal device 220 to collect data. Finally, the discharge of capacitor C can be used to drive the A-IoT terminal device 220 to read data from memory 215, etc.

[0053] The principle of backscattering communication is explained below with reference to Figure 4. Referring to Figure 4, the A-IoT terminal device 220 receives a wireless signal sent by another device (such as network device 210) and modulates the wireless signal to load the data to be transmitted. Then, the A-IoT terminal device 220 radiates the modulated signal from its antenna; this information transmission process is called backscattering communication. The aforementioned wireless signal can also be called a carrier signal. A carrier signal can refer to an unmodulated wireless signal. For example, a carrier signal can be a sine wave signal. Backscattering communication and load modulation are inseparable. Load modulation can be understood as adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of the A-IoT terminal device's oscillation circuit according to the data flow rhythm, thereby changing parameters such as the impedance of the A-IoT terminal device and completing the modulation process.

[0054] As shown in Figure 4, in some implementations, the A-IoT terminal device 220 may also include a logic processing module to perform corresponding calculation functions.

[0055] Typically, load modulation can be implemented using either resistive load modulation or capacitive load modulation. Figure 5 shows a circuit diagram of an A-IoT terminal device based on resistive load modulation technology. In resistive load modulation, a resistor RL can be connected in parallel with the load. The switch S can be controlled based on binary data stream to turn the resistor RL on or off. Thus, the switching of the resistor RL causes a change in the circuit voltage, which in turn controls the amplitude of the backscattered signal from the A-IoT terminal device, thereby achieving modulation of the backscattered signal, i.e., amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulation of the backscattered signal.

[0056] Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the switching of the capacitor can be controlled based on the binary data stream to change the circuit resonant frequency, thereby changing the operating frequency of the backscattered signal to achieve frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation.

[0057] It is evident that A-IoT terminal devices utilize load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby achieving backscatter communication. Therefore, A-IoT terminal devices possess significant advantages: (1) A-IoT terminal devices do not actively transmit signals, thus eliminating the need for complex RF links such as power amplifiers and RF filters; (2) A-IoT terminal devices do not actively generate high-frequency signals, thus eliminating the need for high-frequency crystal oscillators; (3) Through backscatter communication, the signal transmission of A-IoT terminal devices does not consume the terminal's own energy.

[0058] Application scenarios of zero-power communication

[0059] Zero-power communication (ZHW) has significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, and can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, and industrial internet for vertical industries; it can also be used in personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0060] Encoding methods for zero-power communication

[0061] Data transmitted by the encoding end (e.g., a terminal or electronic tag) can be represented by binary "1" and "0" using different encoding methods. Correspondingly, the decoding end (e.g., a network device or a radio frequency identification system) can use the corresponding decoding method to decode the code stream sent by the encoding end. Commonly used encoding methods in zero-power communication technology include: non-return-to-zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, unipolar RZ encoding, differential binary phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding, and differential encoding. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the encoding methods in zero-power communication; the listed encoding methods are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation. Examples are illustrated below with reference to Figures 6(a)-6(e).

[0062] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the NRZ encoding method. As can be seen from Figure 6(a), in NRZ encoding, a high level represents binary "1" and a low level represents binary "0".

[0063] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the Manchester encoding method. Manchester encoding is also known as split-phase coding. Referring to Figure 6(b), in Manchester encoding, the value of a bit is represented by the level change (rising or falling) over half a bit period within that bit length. A negative transition over half a bit period represents a binary "1", and a positive transition over half a bit period represents a binary "0". In some implementations, Manchester encoding is often used for data transmission from electronic tags to readers because it is beneficial for detecting data transmission errors. This is because a "no change" state is not allowed within the bit length. When multiple electronic tags simultaneously transmit data bits with different values, the received rising and falling edges cancel each other out, resulting in a continuous carrier signal throughout the entire bit length. Since this state is not allowed, the reader can use this error to determine the specific location of a collision.

[0064] Figure 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the unipolar return-to-zero (UNZ) encoding scheme. As shown in Figure 6(c), in UNZZ encoding, a high level during the first half-bit cycle represents a binary "1", while a low level signal throughout the entire bit cycle represents a binary "0". In some implementations, UNZZ encoding can be used to extract bit synchronization signals.

[0065] Figure 6(d) is a schematic diagram of the DBP encoding method. As shown in Figure 6(d), in differential biphase encoding, any edge in half a bit cycle represents a binary "0", while the absence of an edge represents a binary "1". Furthermore, the voltage levels are inverted at the beginning of each bit cycle. Therefore, the bit clock is relatively easy for the receiver to reconstruct.

[0066] Figure 6(e) is a schematic diagram of the Miller encoding method. As shown in Figure 6(e), in Miller encoding, any edge within half a bit cycle represents a binary "1", while a constant level in the next bit cycle represents a binary "0". The level alternates at the beginning of a bit cycle, making it relatively easy for the receiver to reconstruct the bit clock.

[0067] In addition, there is a differential coding method. In differential coding, each binary "1" to be transmitted will cause a change in the signal level, while for a binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.

[0068] The following section describes the classification of zero-power devices.

[0069] In zero-power communication technology, based on the energy source and energy usage of zero-power devices, they can be divided into three categories: passive zero-power devices, semi-passive zero-power devices, and active zero-power devices.

[0070] Passive zero-power devices (ZEPDs) typically do not require an internal battery. When a ZEPD approaches a network device, it falls within the near-field range of the network device's antenna radiation. At this point, the ZEPD's antenna can generate an induced current through electromagnetic induction. This induced current powers the ZEPD, driving its low-power chip circuitry to demodulate forward link signals and modulate backward link signals. For backscatter links, ZEPDs can use backscattering to transmit signals.

[0071] As can be seen from the above introduction, passive zero-power devices do not require an internal battery to drive them, whether the transmission process is based on the forward link or the reverse link, making them truly zero-power devices.

[0072] In some implementations, the aforementioned passive zero-power device can be an electronic tag, and correspondingly, the network device can be a reader of a radio frequency identification (RFID) system for reading the contents of the electronic tag and / or for changing the contents of the electronic tag.

[0073] Semi-passive zero-power devices do not have conventional batteries installed, but they can use energy harvesting modules, such as RF energy harvesting modules, to harvest radio wave energy and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit, such as a capacitor. Once the energy storage unit has acquired energy, it can power the zero-power device to drive low-power chip circuits. This enables the demodulation of forward link signals and the modulation of backward link signals. For backscatter links, zero-power devices use backscattering to transmit signals.

[0074] As can be seen from the above introduction, semi-passive zero-power devices do not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link transmission process or the reverse link transmission process. Although they use energy stored in capacitors during operation, the energy comes from the radio energy collected by the energy harvesting module, so they are also a true zero-power device.

[0075] Active zero-power devices can have a built-in battery. The battery powers the device, driving its low-power chip circuitry to demodulate the forward link signal and modulate the backward link signal. For the backscatter link, the active zero-power device uses backscattering for signal transmission. Therefore, the zero power consumption of this type of terminal is mainly reflected in the fact that the signal transmission in the backward link does not consume the terminal's own power, but instead uses backscattering.

[0076] Active zero-power devices can be powered by an internal battery, thus increasing their communication range and improving communication reliability. Therefore, they are used in scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0077] In some implementations, the aforementioned active zero-power device can be an electronic tag, and the network device can be a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader. In this case, the built-in battery can power the RFID chip within the electronic tag, thereby increasing the read / write distance between the RFID reader and the electronic tag. On the other hand, the built-in battery can also power the RFID chip within the electronic tag, reducing the read / write latency of the RFID reader and improving communication reliability.

[0078] In addition to classifying zero-power devices based on their energy source and how they are used, they can also be classified based on their transmitter type.

[0079] First, zero-power devices based on backscattering.

[0080] These zero-power devices transmit uplink data using the backscattering method described above. These devices do not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only a backscattering transmitter. Therefore, when this type of terminal transmits data, a network device needs to provide a carrier wave, and the terminal device uses this carrier wave for backscattering to achieve data transmission.

[0081] Second, zero-power devices based on active transmitters.

[0082] These zero-power devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, these devices can transmit data using their own active transmitters without requiring a carrier wave from network equipment. Suitable active transmitters for zero-power devices include, for example, ultra-low-power ASK or ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, these transmitters can reduce overall power consumption to 400–600 µW when transmitting a 100 µW signal.

[0083] Third, a zero-power device that simultaneously possesses backscattering and an active transmitter.

[0084] These zero-power devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. The device can determine which uplink transmission method to use based on different conditions (such as battery level and available ambient energy) or network device scheduling: whether to use backscatter or an active transmitter for active transmission.

[0085] In some communication systems (such as zero-power IoT communication systems or similar communication systems), a second device (such as network device 210) typically sends a signal requiring a response (e.g., an interrogation signal) to a first device (A-IoT terminal device 220) so that the first device can report a first identifier to the second device in response to the signal. The first identifier can be a temporary identifier used to temporarily identify the first device during communication between the first and second devices. For example, the first identifier can be N bits of information randomly generated by the first device.

[0086] For ease of understanding, this will be explained using an example where the first device is an RFID tag (or electronic tag) and the second device is a reader (or reader / writer). The RFID tag can be either passive or active. For example, the RFID tag is the A-IoT terminal device 220 mentioned earlier. The reader is used to read (and even write) information from the electronic tag based on radio frequency signals. For example, the reader is the network device 210 mentioned earlier. The communication method 700 involved in the first device reading process in RFID technology will be described exemplarily below with reference to Figure 7. Referring to Figure 7, the communication method 700 includes steps S710-S740.

[0087] In step S710, the second device sends a trigger signaling or an inquiry signaling.

[0088] In step S720, the first device sends a first identifier to the second device.

[0089] The first identifier can be carried in the response message sent in response to the aforementioned trigger signaling or query signaling. The first identifier can be, for example, N bits of information randomly generated by the first device. For instance, if N = 16, then the first identifier corresponds to a 16-bit random or pseudo-random number (RN16).

[0090] In step S730, an acknowledgment message is sent to the first device.

[0091] The acknowledgment message can be sent by the second device after confirming receipt of the first identifier sent by the first device. For example, the acknowledgment message can be an ACK command, and this ACK command is associated with the RN16 corresponding to the first device.

[0092] In step S740, the first device reports the second identifier to the second device.

[0093] The second identifier includes the identification information of the first device. The identification information of the first device may include, for example, protocol control (PC) and / or electronic product code (EPC) information. The PC is an identifier segment that determines the length of the EPC, and the EPC is the electronic product code information that the second device needs to obtain.

[0094] However, when a large number of first devices exist in the aforementioned communication system, multiple first devices may select the same transmit and receive parameters. This leads to a high probability that these first devices with the same transmit and receive parameters simultaneously send their respective first identifiers to the second devices, causing transmission interference. This interference reduces the probability that the second devices can correctly obtain the first identifiers corresponding to each first device, thereby reducing the performance of the communication system. Furthermore, if the second devices in this communication system use fixed transmission parameters, it can only be applied to a single scenario and cannot be adjusted according to actual deployment. This lack of flexibility further limits the application scope and effectiveness of the communication system.

[0095] In summary, current zero-power IoT communication systems, or similar systems, are insufficient in handling large-scale first-device communication and flexible scenario communication, and urgently need further improvement and enhancement.

[0096] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a communication method in which a first device can determine transmission parameters for at least one signal based on a first signal sent by a second device, wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal. This method helps distinguish different first devices by sending different first signals to different first devices, enabling each first device to use different transmission parameters to send subsequent signals. It also facilitates the orderly batch transmission of signals by multiple first devices. This method is beneficial for improving system performance when applying large-scale first device communication in zero-power IoT communication systems or similar systems, and enhances the flexibility of the communication system in various communication scenarios.

[0097] The communication method provided in this application embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 8. As shown in Figure 8, the communication method 800 provided in this application embodiment includes steps S810-S820. It should be noted that the method in Figure 8 is described from the perspective of the interaction between the first device and the second device described above. In some embodiments, the first device is an A-IoT terminal device or an electronic tag, and the second device is a reader. In other embodiments, the first device is an A-IoT terminal device, and the second device is an access device for the A-IoT terminal device. For example, the second device is a network device or an intermediate device. As an example, the second device can be a base station or a UE.

[0098] In step S810, the first device receives the first signal sent by the second device.

[0099] The first signal is used to establish a communication connection between the first device and the second device, so that the first device can obtain control information sent by the second device, or the second device can obtain identification information or reporting information of the first device. In some embodiments, the first signal is one of the signals in a four-step random access process. In other embodiments, the first signal is one of the signals in a two-step random access process.

[0100] As an example, the first signal is a trigger signal. The trigger signal can be used to trigger the first device to send data to the second device, or to trigger the first device to establish a communication connection with the second device, or to trigger the activation of the first device. As an example, the trigger signal can be used to trigger an RFID process.

[0101] As an example, the first signal is an interrogation signal. An interrogation signal, also known as a query signal or query command, can be used to inquire (or request) the status or data of a first device. For example, an interrogation signal is used to inquire about the identity of the first device (e.g., EPC information). Another example is using an interrogation signal to inquire about the status of the first device (e.g., external information collected by sensors in the first device). Yet another example is using an interrogation message to request authentication from the first device.

[0102] As an example, the first signal is a signal used to connect the first device to the network where the second device resides. For example, the first signal is a broadcast network signal, an electromagnetic wave signal, or a radio signal.

[0103] This application does not specifically limit the composition of the first signal in its embodiments. For example, the first signal may include a header. The header is used to describe the protocol type, source address, response method, etc., of the first signal. As another example, the first signal may include a signature. The signature is used for data encryption or authentication. For example, the signature may include a digital signature. As shown in Figure 9, the first signal may include a header and a signature. In some embodiments, the header is the first part, and the signature is the second part. Of course, the second part may also include information other than the signature.

[0104] This application does not specifically limit the modulation method of the first signal. For example, the first signal can be obtained based on on-off keying (OOK) modulation. This modulation method represents digital information by controlling the switching of the carrier signal, and has the advantages of simple implementation, low cost, and low power consumption. During transmission, the information of the first signal obtained in this way is carried on chip symbols. The length of the chip is a fractional multiple of a normal NR symbol (e.g., an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, OFDM symbol), such as 1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, 1 / 16, etc.

[0105] This application does not specifically limit the data structure of the header in its embodiments. In some embodiments, the header data is a periodic sequence. The periodic structure can be, for example, a periodic sequence such as "1010". Alternatively, as shown in Figure 11, in the representations (b)-(d), the header data is a periodic sequence such as "0101". In some embodiments, the header data is an aperiodic sequence.

[0106] In embodiments of this application, the first signal is used to determine the transmission parameters of at least one signal described below.

[0107] In step S820, the first device determines the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal.

[0108] At least one signal is transmitted later than the first signal; that is, at least one signal is a subsequent signal after the first signal. This application does not specifically limit the definition of "at least one signal," which includes any signal received by the first device from the second device after receiving the first signal and / or any signal sent by the first device to the second device after receiving the first signal.

[0109] For example, in a two-step random access scenario, at least one signal includes a response signal from the first device to the second device after receiving the first signal. Based on this, the communication method further includes: the first device sending a response signal of the first signal to the second device.

[0110] For example, in a four-step random access scenario, if the first signal is a primary signal (e.g., a primary interrogation signal), at least one signal includes a response signal from the first device to the second device for sending the first signal, a second signal received from the second device after the first device sends the response signal, and a response signal from the first device to the second device for sending the second signal. Based on this, the communication method further includes: the first device sending a response signal from the first device to the second device; after the first device sends the response signal from the first device to the second device, the first device receiving the second signal from the second device; and the first device sending a response signal from the second device to the second device for sending the second signal.

[0111] For example, in a four-step random access scenario, if the first signal is a second-level signal (e.g., a second-level interrogation signal), at least one signal includes a response signal from the first device to the second device after receiving the first signal. Based on the first signal being a second-level signal, the communication method further includes: before the first device receives the first signal sent by the second device, the first device receives the second signal sent by the second device; the first device sends a response signal of the second signal to the second device.

[0112] The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the response signal of the first signal. As an example, the response signal of the first signal may include: a first identifier and / or a second identifier.

[0113] This application does not specifically limit the structure of the response signal of the first signal in the embodiments. As an example, as shown in FIG10(a), the response signal of the first signal includes a header, a first identifier, and a second identifier. The first identifier is represented by RN16. The second identifier includes PC and EPC. As yet another example, as shown in FIG10(b), the response signal of the first signal includes a header and a second identifier, the second identifier including EPC.

[0114] This application does not specifically limit the second signal. The function of the second signal may be the same as that of the first signal, or in other words, the second signal may be a signal similar to the first signal. That is, the second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, the second signal is an interrogation signal; or, the second signal is a trigger signal.

[0115] As an example, when the second signal is a signal received before the first signal, the second signal is a primary interrogation signal, and the first signal is a secondary interrogation signal. As another example, when the second signal is a signal received after the first signal, the first signal is a primary interrogation signal, and the second signal is a secondary interrogation signal.

[0116] The transmission parameters of at least one signal can be understood as parameters used to transmit at least one signal. That is, after the first device receives the first signal, if at least one signal needs to be transmitted between the first device and the second device, the at least one signal can be transmitted based on the transmission parameters of the at least one signal. Based on this, the communication method further includes: the first device receiving and / or transmitting at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

[0117] For example, when at least one signal is a response signal to the first signal, the first device receiving and / or sending at least one signal according to the transmission parameters includes: the first device sending a response signal of the first signal to the second device according to the transmission parameters.

[0118] For example, when at least one signal includes a response signal to a first signal, and the response signals to the aforementioned second and second signals, the first device receiving and / or sending at least one signal according to transmission parameters includes: the first device sending a response signal to the first signal to the second device according to transmission parameters (or first transmission parameters); the first device receiving the second signal from the second device according to transmission parameters (or second transmission parameters); and the first device sending a response signal to the second device to the second signal according to transmission parameters (or third transmission parameters). The first, second, and third transmission parameters may be the same, different, or partially the same.

[0119] This application does not specifically limit the method by which the first device determines the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal. As one implementation, the first signal can be used to determine the length of a first chip, and the first device can determine the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the length of the first chip.

[0120] This application does not impose specific limitations on the method by which the first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first signal can be used to implicitly determine the first chip length. For example, the first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the signals in the first signal. As an example, the first signal includes a first portion and a second portion, and the first chip length is the chip length of the signals in the first portion of the first signal, that is, at least a portion of the signals are the signals in the first portion. The first portion may be located at the head of the first signal. For example, the first portion is the head of the first signal. Or, the first portion is a fixed sequence in the head of the first signal. As another example, the first chip length is the chip length of the first signal. That is, when the first signal includes a first portion and a second portion, the first chip length is the sum of the chip length of the first portion and the chip length of the signals in the second portion.

[0122] To determine the chip length of at least a portion of the signal, in some embodiments, the at least portion of the signal is a periodic sequence as shown in Figure 11. Figure 11 shows the structure of at least a portion of the signal included in the first signal in representations (a)-(d). It should be noted that the at least a portion of the signal shown in Figure 11 is the header signal. As shown in Figure 11, in representation (a), the at least a portion of the signal is represented using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The signal in representation (a) can be understood as the signal before OKK modulation. In representations (b)-(d), the at least a portion of the signal is represented as a periodic sequence. The signal in representations (b)-(d) can be understood as the signal obtained after OKK modulation of the signal in representation (a). The different periodic sequences represented in (b)-(d) implicitly reflect the first chip length. That is, (b)-(d) represents the case where the header signal is represented using different chip lengths. In representation (a), the head signal before modulation is represented by two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols (OFDM symbol #0 and OFDM symbol #1, respectively). In representation (b), the ratio of the length of a single period of the periodic sequence (i.e., the length of the first chip) to the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol is 1, indicating that the length of the first chip is the same as the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. In representation (c), the ratio of the length of a single period of the periodic sequence (i.e., the length of the first chip) to the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol is 1 / 2, indicating that the length of the first chip is 1 / 2 of the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol. In representation (d), the ratio of the length of a single period of the periodic sequence (i.e., the length of the first chip) to the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol is 1 / 4, indicating that the length of the first chip is 1 / 4 of the length of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first signal can be used to explicitly determine the length of the first chip. For example, the first signal includes first indication information, which indicates the length of the first chip. This application does not specifically limit the method of carrying the first indication information; it can be carried in any information within the first signal. As an example, the first signal includes a first part and a second part, with the first indication information carried in the first part, which is located at the beginning of the first signal. For example, the first part is the beginning of the first signal, and this beginning may contain a fixed chip rate. Alternatively, the first part may be a fixed sequence of the beginning of the first signal.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first chip length may be determined based on the chip length of the first portion. For example, the first chip length may be the chip length of the first portion, or the first chip length may be the sum of the chip length of the first portion and the chip length of the second portion.

[0125] In some embodiments, the chip length of the first portion can be determined based on the first indication information described above. Alternatively, the chip length of the first portion can be a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

[0126] As previously described, the first signal may include a second part, and the chip length of the second part is a component of the chip length of the first signal. In some embodiments, the chip length of the second part may be determined based on the first chip length. For example, when the first chip length is the chip length of the first part, the chip length of the second part may be determined based on the first chip length. This application does not specifically limit the method for determining the chip length of the second part. For example, the chip length of the second part is equal to the first chip length; or, the chip length of the second part is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, the first chip length is an integer multiple of the chip length of the second part; or, the chip length of the second part is determined based on the first chip length and a first parameter, the value of which may be determined based on predefined information.

[0127] This application does not specifically limit the transmission parameters. For example, transmission parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: chip length of the transmitted signal, transmission interval parameter associated with the transmitted signal, and retransmission parameter of the transmitted signal. The transmitted signal is the signal to be transmitted, that is, at least one signal in this application embodiment. That is, the transmission parameters of at least one signal include one or more of the following: chip length of at least one signal; transmission interval parameter associated with at least one signal; and retransmission parameter of at least one signal. As an example, the transmission parameters of at least one signal include the chip length of at least one signal and the transmission interval parameter associated with at least one signal. As another example, the transmission parameters of at least one signal include the chip length of at least one signal, the transmission interval parameter associated with at least one signal, and the retransmission parameter of at least one signal.

[0128] When the transmission parameters of at least one signal include the chip length of at least one signal, the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the method by which the first device determines the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first chip length. For example, the chip length of at least one signal is equal to the first chip length. Or, the chip length of at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length. Or, the first chip length is an integer multiple of the chip length of at least one signal. Or, the chip length of at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, the value of which is determined based on predefined information. In some embodiments, the first chip length is the chip length of the first signal. In other embodiments, the first chip length is the chip length of a first portion of the first signal.

[0129] This application does not specifically limit the transmission interval parameter associated with at least one signal. For example, the transmission interval parameter associated with at least one signal may include one or more of the following: the minimum transmission time interval between a first type signal and its response signal; the minimum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the maximum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the minimum transmission time interval between two first type signals with adjacent transmission times; and the minimum transmission time interval between two second type signals with adjacent transmission times. Wherein, the first type signal is a signal sent from the second device to the first device, and the second type signal is a signal sent from the first device to the second device.

[0130] In some embodiments, the signal sent from the first device to the second device is a Device to Reader (D2R) signal, and the signal sent from the second device to the first device is a Reader to Device (R2D) signal. That is, the first signal and / or the second signal described above are R2D signals, and the response signal of the first signal and / or the response signal of the second signal are D2R signals. Based on this, the second type of signal is a D2R signal, and the first type of signal is an R2D signal.

[0131] Therefore, the minimum transmission time interval between a Type I signal and its response signal can be understood as the minimum time interval between a transmission from one R2D to its response D2R, denoted as T. R2D_min The maximum transmission time interval between a Type II signal and the next Type I signal associated with it can be understood as the minimum time interval from a D2R transmission to its following R2D transmission, denoted as T. D2R_min The maximum transmission time interval between a Type II signal and the next Type I signal associated with it can be understood as the maximum time interval from a D2R transmission to its following R2D transmission, denoted as T. D2R_max In other words, if an R2D transmission occurs, it should be located after its following D2R transmission [T]. D2R_min ,T D2R_max The minimum transmission time interval between two adjacent Type I signals can be understood as the minimum interval between two adjacent R2D transmissions sent to the same terminal, and can be denoted as T. R2D_R2D_min The minimum transmission time interval between two adjacent Type II signals can be understood as the minimum interval between two adjacent D2R transmissions originating from the same terminal, and can be denoted as T. D2R_D2R_min .

[0132] For ease of understanding, the communication method provided in this application embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 12. Referring to Figure 12, the communication method 1200 includes steps S1210-S1240. It should be noted that the communication method 1200 in Figure 12 is applicable to 2-step or 4-step random access scenarios, and the second device in Figure 12 can be an access device.

[0133] In step S1210, the second device sends an inquiry signal to the first device.

[0134] The format of the query signal can be shown in Figure 9.

[0135] In step S1220, the first device sends an access response to the second device.

[0136] The access response is the response signal of the first device to the interrogation signal sent to the second device in response to the interrogation signal. In the case of a two-step random access scenario in communication method 1200 in Figure 12, the communication method does not include steps S1230 and S1240 described below. The interrogation signal is the first signal described above. The response signal to the interrogation signal is the response signal to the first signal described above. In this case, the format of the response signal to the interrogation signal can be as shown in Figure 10(a).

[0137] When the communication method 1200 in Figure 12 is a 4-step random access scenario, the communication method may also include steps S1230-S1240.

[0138] In step S1230, the second device sends a second-level interrogation signal to the first device.

[0139] In step S1240, the first device sends a second-level response to the second device.

[0140] The second-level response is a response signal from the first device to the second device in response to the second-level interrogation signal sent by the first device. The second-level interrogation signal may be associated with a first identifier and / or a second identifier corresponding to the first device. For example, the second-level interrogation signal may be associated with a first identifier corresponding to the first device, and the format of the response signal may be as shown in Figure 10(b).

[0141] Through steps S1210-S1220 or S1210-S1240, the second device can obtain the identification information or report information corresponding to the first device. The first device can also obtain control information issued by the second device.

[0142] It should be noted that in the 4-step random access scenario, when the query signal in step S1210 is the first signal described above, the second-level query signal is the second signal described above. Conversely, when the query signal in step S1210 is the second signal described above, the second-level query signal is the first signal described above.

[0143] The first signal can be used to determine the transmission parameters of subsequent signals (i.e., signals transmitted after the first signal). For example, decoded data 1 or decoded data 2 in Figure 12 represents a step in the first device determining the transmission parameters of subsequent signals based on the first signal. Transmission parameters include, but are not limited to, values ​​of at least one of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min, and TD2R_D2R_min. The transmission parameters can be determined as follows.

[0144] Method 1: Determine the subsequent transmission parameters by the length of the preamble chip of the R2D signal.

[0145] The R2D signal is the first signal. Based on this, Method 1 specifically includes the following:

[0146] 1) The interrogation signal sent by the second device in step S1210 (or the second-level interrogation signal sent by the second device in step S1230) includes a header, which can be a periodic sequence such as "1010" or "0101". For example, the header can be any periodic sequence of "0101" in the representation shown in Figure 11(b)-(d). The length of a single period of the periodic sequence is the length of the preamble chip.

[0147] The first device determines the chip length of the interrogation signal by receiving and detecting a fixed sequence in the header of the interrogation signal. Further, it determines the chip length of signals following the header (e.g., signals in the interrogation signal excluding the header that are transmitted later than the header signal).

[0148] In some embodiments, the chip length of the header and other signals (such as the second signal described above) is equal.

[0149] In some embodiments, the chip lengths of the header and other signals are in a predefined integer multiple ratio relationship.

[0150] 2) Based on the chip length determined in 1), the first device determines the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps.

[0151] In some embodiments, the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps is equal to the chip length of the interrogation signal.

[0152] In some embodiments, the chip lengths of the D2R and R2D signals in subsequent steps and the chip length of the interrogation signal are in a predefined integer multiple ratio relationship.

[0153] 3) Based on 1 to 2), the first device determines the value of at least one of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0154] It should be noted that the longer the chip, the larger the values ​​of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0155] 4) Based on steps 1 to 3), the first device receives or reflects the R2D signal according to the chip length and time requirements of the D2R and R2D signals in the determined steps.

[0156] 5) Based on 1 to 4), the first device obtains the number of repetitions and the method of receiving R2D signals or reflecting D2R signals according to the determined chip length.

[0157] Method 2: The fixed chip length of the R2D signal indicates the subsequent transmission parameters.

[0158] 1) The interrogation signal sent by the second device in step S1210 (or the second-level interrogation signal sent by the second device in step S1230) contains a fixed chip rate header structure, and the chip length of the subsequent information is represented by different information in the header structure.

[0159] The first device determines the chip length of the interrogation signal by receiving and detecting a fixed sequence in the header of the interrogation signal. Further, it determines the chip length of signals following the header (e.g., signals in the interrogation signal excluding the header that are transmitted later than the header signal).

[0160] In some embodiments, the chip length of the header and other signals (such as the second signal described above) is equal.

[0161] In some embodiments, the chip lengths of the header and other signals are in a predefined integer multiple ratio relationship.

[0162] 2) Based on the chip length determined in 1), the first device determines the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps.

[0163] In some embodiments, the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps is equal to the chip length of the interrogation signal.

[0164] In some embodiments, the chip lengths of the D2R and R2D signals in subsequent steps and the chip length of the interrogation signal are in a predefined integer multiple ratio relationship.

[0165] 3) Based on 1 to 2), the first device determines the value of at least one of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0166] It should be noted that the longer the chip, the larger the values ​​of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0167] 4) Based on steps 1 to 3), the first device receives or reflects the R2D signal according to the chip length and time requirements of the D2R and R2D signals in the determined steps.

[0168] 5) Based on 1 to 4), the first device obtains the number of repetitions and the method of receiving R2D signals or reflecting D2R signals according to the determined chip length.

[0169] Method 3: Indicate subsequent transmission parameters through the second-level query information.

[0170] 1) The second device uses a fixed chip rate in the above steps S1210-S1220, and the second-level query information sent by the second device in the above step S1230 indicates the chip length of the subsequent information.

[0171] 2) Based on the chip length determined in 1), the first device determines the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps.

[0172] In some embodiments, the chip length of the D2R and R2D signals in the subsequent steps is equal to the chip length of the interrogation signal.

[0173] In some embodiments, the chip lengths of the D2R and R2D signals in subsequent steps and the chip length of the interrogation signal are in a predefined integer multiple ratio relationship.

[0174] 3) Based on 1 to 2), the first device determines the value of at least one of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0175] It should be noted that the longer the chip, the larger the values ​​of TR2D_min, TD2R_min, TD2R_max, TR2D_R2D_min and TD2R_D2R_min.

[0176] 4) Based on steps 1 to 3), the first device receives or reflects the R2D signal according to the chip length and time requirements of the D2R and R2D signals in the determined steps.

[0177] 5) Based on 1 to 4), the first device obtains the number of repetitions and the method of receiving R2D signals or reflecting D2R signals according to the determined chip length.

[0178] This application overcomes the challenge of distinguishing between numerous first devices (i.e., terminal devices) in existing environmental energy communication technologies. This application allows the second device (reader / writer) to adaptively employ different chip rates, suitable for different coverage areas, terminal capacities, and other scenarios. It also enables the batch-order, differentiated transmission of data from a large number of different terminal devices within a coverage area. Through this application, the first device distinguishes the processing time of different terminal devices based on signal coverage levels. While differentiating terminals, it maximizes the opportunity for energy-constrained terminal devices to receive transmission.

[0179] The method embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 1 to 12. The apparatus embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 13 to 15. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the preceding method embodiments.

[0180] Figure 13 shows a communication device 1300 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1300 can be the first device described above. The communication device 1300 may include a transceiver unit 1310.

[0181] The transceiver unit 1310 is used to receive a first signal sent by a second device; and to determine transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0182] Optionally, the first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

[0183] Optionally, the first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

[0184] Optionally, at least a portion of the signal is a periodic sequence.

[0185] Optionally, the first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

[0186] Optionally, the first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

[0187] Optionally, the first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

[0188] Optionally, the chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

[0189] Optionally, the chip length of the second portion is determined based on the chip length of the first portion.

[0190] Optionally, the chip length of the second part is equal to the chip length of the first part; or, the chip length of the second part is an integer multiple of the chip length of the first part; or, the chip length of the first part is an integer multiple of the chip length of the second part; or, the chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part and a first parameter, wherein the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

[0191] Optionally, the transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: the chip length of the at least one signal;

[0192] The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; the retransmission parameter of the at least one signal.

[0193] Optionally, the first signal is used to determine the first chip length, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies the following: the chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, the chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, the first chip length is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, the chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, wherein the value of the second parameter is determined based on predefined information.

[0194] Optionally, the transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: the minimum transmission time interval between a first type signal and its response signal; the minimum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the maximum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the minimum transmission time interval between two first type signals with adjacent transmission times; and the minimum transmission time interval between two second type signals with adjacent transmission times; wherein the first type signal is a signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type signal is a signal sent by the first device to the second device.

[0195] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1310 is further configured to: receive and / or transmit the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

[0196] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1310 is further configured to: send a response signal of the first signal to the second device according to the transmission parameters.

[0197] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1310 is further configured to: receive a second signal sent by the second device before receiving the first signal sent by the second device; and send a response signal of the second signal to the second device.

[0198] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1310 is further configured to: receive a second signal sent by the second device after sending a response signal of the first signal to the second device; and send a response signal of the second signal to the second device.

[0199] Optionally, the second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, the second signal is an interrogation signal; or, the second signal is a trigger signal. Optionally, the first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, the first signal is an interrogation signal; or, the first signal is a trigger signal.

[0200] Optionally, the first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, the second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

[0201] Optionally, the signal sent by the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device (R2D) signal; the signal sent by the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

[0202] Figure 14 shows a communication device 1400 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1400 can be the second device described above. The communication device 1400 may include a transceiver unit 1410.

[0203] The transceiver unit 1410 is used to send a first signal to a first device, the first signal being used to determine the transmission parameters of at least one signal; wherein the transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

[0204] Optionally, the first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

[0205] Optionally, the first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

[0206] Optionally, at least a portion of the signal is a periodic sequence.

[0207] Optionally, the first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

[0208] Optionally, the first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

[0209] Optionally, the first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

[0210] Optionally, the chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

[0211] Optionally, the chip length of the second portion is determined based on the chip length of the first portion.

[0212] Optionally, the chip length of the second part is equal to the chip length of the first part; or, the chip length of the second part is an integer multiple of the chip length of the first part; or, the chip length of the first part is an integer multiple of the chip length of the second part; or, the chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part and a first parameter, wherein the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

[0213] Optionally, the transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: the chip length of the at least one signal; the transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; and the retransmission parameter of the at least one signal.

[0214] Optionally, the first signal is used to determine the first chip length, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies the following: the chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, the chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, the first chip length is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, the chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, wherein the value of the second parameter is determined based on predefined information.

[0215] Optionally, the transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: the minimum transmission time interval between a first type signal and its response signal; the minimum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the maximum transmission time interval between a second type signal and the next first type signal associated with the second type signal; the minimum transmission time interval between two first type signals with adjacent transmission times; and the minimum transmission time interval between two second type signals with adjacent transmission times; wherein the first type signal is a signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type signal is a signal sent by the first device to the second device.

[0216] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1410 is further configured to: receive and / or transmit the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

[0217] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1410 is further configured to: receive a response signal of the first signal sent by the first device according to the transmission parameters.

[0218] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1410 is further configured to: send a second signal to the first device before the second device sends a first signal to the first device; and receive a response signal of the second signal sent by the first device.

[0219] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1410 is further configured to: after receiving a response signal to the first signal sent by the first device, send a second signal to the second device; and receive a response signal to the second signal sent by the second device.

[0220] Optionally, the second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, the second signal is an interrogation signal; or, the second signal is a trigger signal.

[0221] Optionally, the first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, the first signal is an interrogation signal; or, the first signal is a trigger signal.

[0222] Optionally, the first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, the second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

[0223] Optionally, the signal sent by the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device (R2D) signal; the signal sent by the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

[0224] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device applicable to embodiments of this application. The dashed lines in Figure 15 indicate that the unit or module is optional. This device 1500 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. Device 1500 can be a chip or a communication device.

[0225] Apparatus 1500 may include one or more processors 1510. The processor 1510 may support apparatus 1500 in implementing the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The processor 1510 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0226] The apparatus 1500 may further include one or more memories 1520. The memories 1520 store a program that can be executed by the processor 1510, causing the processor 1510 to perform the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The memories 1520 may be independent of the processor 1510 or integrated into the processor 1510.

[0227] The device 1500 may also include a transceiver 1530. The processor 1510 can communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1530. For example, the processor 1510 can send and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 1530.

[0228] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. This computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a first network element, application function network element, or first communication device provided in this application embodiment, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the first network element, application function network element, or first communication device in various embodiments of this application.

[0229] This application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to a first network element, application function network element, or first communication device provided in this application embodiment, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the first network element, application function network element, or first communication device in various embodiments of this application.

[0230] This application also provides a computer program. This computer program can be applied to the first network element, application function network element, or first communication device provided in this application embodiment, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the methods performed by the first network element, application function network element, or first communication device in various embodiments of this application.

[0231] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. Furthermore, the terminology used in this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0232] In the embodiments of this application, the term "instruction" can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0233] In the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0234] In the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" can indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or an association between two things, or a relationship such as instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured.

[0235] In this application embodiment, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including terminal devices and network devices). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0236] In this application embodiment, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communication, such as the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0237] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0238] In the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0239] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0240] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0241] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0242] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can read or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs, DVDs) or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs), etc.

[0243] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The first device receives the first signal sent by the second device; The first device determines the transmission parameters of at least one signal based on the first signal; The transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, At least a portion of the signals are periodic sequences.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

9. The method according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The length of the second portion of the chip is equal to the length of the first chip; or, The length of the second portion of the chip is an integer multiple of the length of the first chip; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the length of the second part of the chip; or, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the first chip length and the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: The chip length of the at least one signal; The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; The retransmission parameters of the at least one signal.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies: The chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, the value of which is determined based on predefined information.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: The minimum transmission time interval between the first type of signal and its response signal; The minimum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The maximum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The minimum transmission time interval between two first-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; The minimum transmission time interval between two second-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; Wherein, the first type of signal is the signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type of signal is the signal sent by the first device to the second device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first device receives and / or transmits the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first device receives and / or transmits the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters, including: The first device sends a response signal of the first signal to the second device according to the transmission parameters.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, Before the first device receives the first signal sent by the second device, the method further includes: The first device receives the second signal sent by the second device; The first device sends a response signal of the second signal to the second device.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the first device sends a response signal to the second device for the first signal, the first device receives the second signal sent by the second device; The first device sends a response signal of the second signal to the second device.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The second signal is an interrogation signal; or, The second signal is a trigger signal.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: The first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The first signal is an interrogation signal; or, The first signal is a trigger signal.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: The first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, The second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The signal sent from the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device R2D signal; The signal sent from the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

22. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The second device sends a first signal to the first device, the first signal being used to determine the transmission parameters of at least one signal; The transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that, At least a portion of the signals are periodic sequences.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

27. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

30. The method according to claim 26 or 28, characterized in that, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that: The length of the second portion of the chip is equal to the length of the first chip; or, The length of the second portion of the chip is an integer multiple of the length of the first chip; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the length of the second part of the chip; or, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the first chip length and the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

32. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that, The transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: The chip length of the at least one signal; The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; The retransmission parameters of the at least one signal.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies: The chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, the value of which is determined based on predefined information.

34. The method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that, The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: The minimum transmission time interval between the first type of signal and its response signal; The minimum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The maximum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The minimum transmission time interval between two first-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; The minimum transmission time interval between two second-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; Wherein, the first type of signal is the signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type of signal is the signal sent by the first device to the second device.

35. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 34, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second device receives and / or transmits the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

36. The method according to claim 35, characterized in that, The second device receives and / or transmits the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters, including: The second device receives a response signal from the first signal sent by the first device according to the transmission parameters.

37. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 36, characterized in that, Before the second device sends the first signal to the first device, the method further includes: The second device sends a second signal to the first device; The second device receives a response signal from the second signal sent by the first device.

38. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 36, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the second device receives the response signal of the first signal sent by the first device, the second device sends a second signal to the second device; The second device receives a response signal from the second signal sent by the second device.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that: The second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The second signal is an interrogation signal; or, The second signal is a trigger signal.

40. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 39, characterized in that: The first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The first signal is an interrogation signal; or, The first signal is a trigger signal.

41. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 40, characterized in that: The first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, The second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

42. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 41, characterized in that: The signal sent from the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device R2D signal; The signal sent from the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

43. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is a first device, and the communication device includes a transceiver unit, which is used for: Receive the first signal sent by the second device; The transmission parameters of at least one signal are determined based on the first signal; The transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

44. The communication device according to claim 43, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

45. The communication device of claim 44, wherein, The first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

46. ​​The communication device according to claim 45, characterized in that, At least a portion of the signals are periodic sequences.

47. The communication device according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

48. The communication device according to claim 44, characterized in that, The first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

49. The communication device according to claim 48, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

50. The communication device according to claim 49, characterized in that, The chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

51. The communication device according to claim 47 or 49, characterized in that, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part.

52. The communication device according to claim 51, characterized in that: The length of the second portion of the chip is equal to the length of the first chip; or, The length of the second portion of the chip is an integer multiple of the length of the first chip; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the length of the second part of the chip; or, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the first chip length and the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

53. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 52, characterized in that, The transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: The chip length of the at least one signal; The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; The retransmission parameters of the at least one signal.

54. The communication device according to claim 53, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies: The chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, the value of which is determined based on predefined information.

55. The communication device according to claim 53 or 54, characterized in that, The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: The minimum transmission time interval between the first type of signal and its response signal; The minimum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The maximum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The minimum transmission time interval between two first-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; The minimum transmission time interval between two second-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; Wherein, the first type of signal is the signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type of signal is the signal sent by the first device to the second device.

56. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 55, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: Receive and / or transmit the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

57. The communication device according to claim 56, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: A response signal to the first signal is sent to the second device according to the transmission parameters.

58. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 57, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to: receive a second signal sent by the second device before receiving the first signal sent by the second device; A response signal is sent to the second device to transmit the second signal.

59. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 57, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: After sending a response signal to the first signal to the second device, receive the second signal sent by the second device; A response signal is sent to the second device to transmit the second signal.

60. The communication device according to claim 58 or 59, characterized in that: The second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The second signal is an interrogation signal; or, The second signal is a trigger signal.

61. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 60, characterized in that: The first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The first signal is an interrogation signal; or, The first signal is a trigger signal.

62. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 61, characterized in that: The first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, The second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

63. The communication device according to any one of claims 43 to 62, characterized in that: The signal sent from the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device R2D signal; The signal sent from the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

64. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is a second device, and the communication device includes: A transceiver unit is configured to send a first signal to a first device, wherein the first signal is used to determine transmission parameters of at least one signal; The transmission time of the at least one signal is later than the transmission time of the first signal.

65. The communication device according to claim 64, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the transmission parameters of the at least one signal are determined based on the length of the first chip.

66. The communication device according to claim 65, characterized in that, The first chip length is the chip length of at least a portion of the first signal.

67. The communication device according to claim 66, characterized in that, At least a portion of the signals are periodic sequences.

68. The communication device according to claim 66 or 67, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the at least part of the signal being the signal in the first part.

69. The communication device according to claim 65, characterized in that, The first signal includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the length of the first chip.

70. The communication device according to claim 69, characterized in that, The first signal includes a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the head of the first signal, and the first indication information being carried in the first part.

71. The communication device according to claim 70, characterized in that, The chip length of the first part is a fixed value determined based on predefined information.

72. The communication device according to claim 68 or 70, characterized in that, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the chip length of the first part.

73. The communication device according to claim 72, characterized in that: The length of the second portion of the chip is equal to the length of the first chip; or, The length of the second portion of the chip is an integer multiple of the length of the first chip; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the length of the second part of the chip; or, The chip length of the second part is determined based on the first chip length and the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter is determined based on predefined information.

74. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 73, characterized in that, The transmission parameters of the at least one signal include one or more of the following: The chip length of the at least one signal; The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal; The retransmission parameters of the at least one signal.

75. The communication device according to claim 74, characterized in that, The first signal is used to determine the length of the first chip, and the chip length of the at least one signal satisfies: The chip length of the at least one signal is equal to the first chip length; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is an integer multiple of the first chip length; or, The length of the first chip is an integer multiple of the chip length of the at least one signal; or, The chip length of the at least one signal is determined based on the first chip length and a second parameter, the value of which is determined based on predefined information.

76. The communication device according to claim 74 or 75, characterized in that, The transmission interval parameter associated with the at least one signal includes one or more of the following: The minimum transmission time interval between the first type of signal and its response signal; The minimum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The maximum transmission time interval between the second type of signal and the next first type of signal associated with the second type of signal; The minimum transmission time interval between two first-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; The minimum transmission time interval between two second-type signals that are adjacent in transmission time; Wherein, the first type of signal is the signal sent by the second device to the first device, and the second type of signal is the signal sent by the first device to the second device.

77. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 76, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: Receive and / or transmit the at least one signal according to the transmission parameters.

78. The communication device according to claim 77, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: The response signal received from the first signal sent by the first device according to the transmission parameters.

79. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 78, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is further configured to: send a second signal to the first device before the second device sends a first signal to the first device; A response signal to receive the second signal sent by the first device.

80. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 78, characterized in that, The transceiver unit is also used for: After receiving the response signal of the first signal sent by the first device, a second signal is sent to the second device; A response signal to receive the second signal sent by the second device.

81. The communication device according to claim 79 or 80, characterized in that: The second signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The second signal is an interrogation signal; or, The second signal is a trigger signal.

82. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 81, characterized in that: The first signal is used to connect the first device to the network where the second device is located; or, The first signal is an interrogation signal; or, The first signal is a trigger signal.

83. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 82, characterized in that: The first device is an environmental energy Internet of Things (AIoT) device; and / or, The second device is a reader or an access device for the first device.

84. The communication device according to any one of claims 64 to 83, characterized in that: The signal sent from the second device to the first device is a reader-to-device R2D signal; The signal sent from the first device to the second device is a device-to-reader (D2R) signal.

85. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a program, and the processor being used to invoke the program in the memory to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

86. An apparatus, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

87. A chip, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

88. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

89. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

90. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-42.

Images