Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a network device sending CSI-RSs, wherein the CSI-RSs belong to two CSI-RS subsets, and time-domain resources of the two CSI-RS subsets are respectively a first time unit and a second time unit; the first CSI-RS subset corresponds to a first antenna port set; the second CSI-RS subset corresponds to a third antenna port set; and port numbers of the first antenna port set and port numbers of the third antenna port set belong to different rows or different columns of a first number matrix, and numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-major order. By means of the solution, CSI-RSs in one time unit can correspond to some antenna panels, such that a network device can use, in a time-division scanning manner, different antenna panels to send CSI-RSs in different time units, thereby realizing the multiplexing of CSI-RSs for communication and sensing, improving the transmission efficiency, and reducing the overheads.

Description

A communication method and apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411960396.4, filed on December 25, 2024, entitled "A Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] In communication sensing systems, sensing utilizes the various propagation characteristics of wireless signals to achieve functions such as target localization, detection, imaging, and identification. Sensing functionality requires base stations to have full-duplex capability for simultaneously transmitting and receiving signals. However, base stations cannot transmit across all antenna panels; they can only transmit from some antenna panels and receive from others. Because current communication and sensing signals are time-division multiplexed, multiplexing of communication reference signals and sensing signals is impossible, resulting in high transmission overhead and hindering transmission efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to multiplex communication reference signals and sensing signals to reduce sensing overhead is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a communication method and apparatus that can reduce signal overhead.

[0006] Firstly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first device. The first device in this application can be a network device or a terminal device, or a module (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system) within a network device or terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device or terminal device. For ease of description, the first device will be used as an example below.

[0007] The method includes: transmitting M first reference signals, the M first reference signals comprising a first reference signal subset and a second reference signal subset, the time domain resource of the first reference signal subset being a first time unit, the time domain resource of the second reference signal subset being a second time unit, and M being an integer greater than 1; the antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the first reference signal subset belonging to a first number set and a second number set; the antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the second reference signal CSI-RS subset belonging to a third number set and a fourth number set; the first number set, the second number set, the third number set, and the fourth number set satisfying that: the first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or different columns of a first number matrix, wherein the first number matrix comprises N1 rows and N2 columns, the numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first-row order, the difference between corresponding elements in the first number set and the second number set is N1×N2, the difference between corresponding elements in the third number set and the fourth number set is N1×N2, where N1 and N2 are positive integers.

[0008] The above scheme can achieve the correspondence between the reference signal and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit, so that the first device can use different portions of the antenna panel to send the reference signal in different time units in the form of time-division scanning, thereby satisfying the transmission conditions of the sensing signal (i.e., the sensing signal can only be sent by a portion of the antenna panel and received by a portion of the antenna panel). Therefore, M first reference signals that satisfy the above conditions can be used for sensing. Using the same reference signal for both communication and sensing can improve transmission efficiency and reduce overhead.

[0009] Optionally, the first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent in the time domain.

[0010] Optionally, in the first time unit, a first subset of reference signals is transmitted through antenna ports in the first numbered set and antenna ports in the second numbered set; in the second time unit, a second subset of reference signals is transmitted through antenna ports in the third numbered set and antenna ports in the fourth numbered set.

[0011] Optionally, the M first reference signals also include a third reference signal subset and a fourth reference signal subset. The time domain resources of the third reference signal subset are the third time unit, and the time domain resources of the fourth reference signal subset are the fourth time unit. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the third reference signal subset belong to the fifth and sixth number sets. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the fourth reference signal subset belong to the seventh and eighth number sets. The first, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth number sets satisfy the following: the first, third, fifth, and seventh number sets belong to different rows, different columns, or different submatrices of the first number matrix; the difference between corresponding elements in the fifth and sixth number sets is N1×N2; and the difference between corresponding elements in the seventh and eighth number sets is N1×N2.

[0012] Optionally, in the first time unit, a first reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the first and second numbered sets; in the second time unit, a second reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the third and fourth numbered sets; in the third time unit, a third reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the fifth and sixth numbered sets; and in the fourth time unit, a fourth reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the seventh and eighth numbered sets.

[0013] Optionally, the first reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0014] Optionally, N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas.

[0015] Optionally, the M first reference signals belong to the same reference signal resource.

[0016] One possible implementation is that the antenna port numbers for the M reference signals are either predefined or configured.

[0017] One possible implementation is that the antenna port numbers of the M reference signals are determined by interleaving based on the order of numbering in the frequency domain first and then the time domain.

[0018] Optionally, M first reference signals are used for communication measurements and / or sensing.

[0019] Optionally, receive CSI reports, which are obtained based on M first reference signals.

[0020] Optionally, CSI-RS configuration information is sent, wherein the CSI-RS configuration information includes at least one of the following: number of antenna ports, density, code division multiplexing type, code division multiplexing group index, or time-frequency resource information of CSI-RS.

[0021] Secondly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second device. The second device in this application can be a network device or a terminal device, or a module (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system) within a network device or terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device or terminal device. For ease of description, the following description uses a second device as an example.

[0022] The method includes: receiving M first reference signals, wherein the M first reference signals include a first reference signal subset and a second reference signal subset, the time domain resource of the first reference signal subset is a first time unit, the time domain resource of the second reference signal subset is a second time unit, and M is an integer greater than 1. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the first reference signal subset belong to a first number set and a second number set; the antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the second reference signal CSI-RS subset belong to a third number set and a fourth number set; the first number set, the second number set, the third number set, and the fourth number set satisfy the following: the first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or different columns of a first numbering matrix, wherein the first numbering matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns, the numbers in the first numbering matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order, the difference between corresponding elements in the first number set and the second number set is N1×N2, the difference between corresponding elements in the third number set and the fourth number set is N1×N2, where N1 and N2 are positive integers.

[0023] The above scheme enables the correspondence between a reference signal and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit. Reference signals can be transmitted using different portions of the antenna panel in different time units in a time-division scanning manner, thereby meeting the duplex capability requirement for sensing (i.e., the ability to transmit and receive signals simultaneously). Therefore, M first reference signals can be used for sensing, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead.

[0024] Optionally, the first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent in the time domain.

[0025] Optionally, in the first time unit, a first subset of reference signals is transmitted through antenna ports in the first numbered set and antenna ports in the second numbered set; in the second time unit, a second subset of reference signals is transmitted through antenna ports in the third numbered set and antenna ports in the fourth numbered set.

[0026] Optionally, the M first reference signals also include a third reference signal subset and a fourth reference signal subset. The time domain resources of the third reference signal subset are the third time unit, and the time domain resources of the fourth reference signal subset are the fourth time unit. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the third reference signal subset belong to the fifth and sixth number sets. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the fourth reference signal subset belong to the seventh and eighth number sets. The first, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth number sets satisfy the following: the first, third, fifth, and seventh number sets belong to different rows, different columns, or different submatrices of the first number matrix; the difference between corresponding elements in the fifth and sixth number sets is N1×N2; and the difference between corresponding elements in the seventh and eighth number sets is N1×N2.

[0027] Optionally, in the first time unit, a first reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the first and second numbered sets; in the second time unit, a second reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the third and fourth numbered sets; in the third time unit, a third reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the fifth and sixth numbered sets; and in the fourth time unit, a fourth reference signal subset is transmitted through antenna ports in the seventh and eighth numbered sets.

[0028] Optionally, the first reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0029] Optionally, N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas.

[0030] Optionally, the M first reference signals belong to the same reference signal resource.

[0031] One possible implementation is that the antenna port numbers for the M reference signals are predefined, or configured.

[0032] One possible implementation is that the antenna port numbers of the M reference signals are determined by interleaving based on the order of numbering in the frequency domain first and then the time domain.

[0033] Optionally, M first reference signals are used for communication measurements and / or sensing.

[0034] Optionally, a CSI report is sent, which is obtained based on M first reference signals.

[0035] Optionally, receive CSI-RS configuration information, wherein the CSI-RS configuration information includes at least one of the following: number of antenna ports, density, code division multiplexing type, code division multiplexing group index, or time-frequency resource information of CSI-RS.

[0036] Thirdly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first device. The first device in this application can be a network device or a terminal device, or a module (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system) within a network device or terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device or terminal device. For ease of description, the first device will be used as an example below.

[0037] The method includes: receiving a third precoding codebook, the third precoding codebook belonging to a second precoding codebook set; the second precoding codebook set being a codebook set interleaved from a first precoding codebook set; the spatial basis of the codebooks in the first precoding codebook set being the Kronecker product of two oversampled Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrices.

[0038] By designing the above-mentioned interleaving of the pre-encoded codebook, the correspondence between the reference signal and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit can be achieved. This allows the first device to transmit the reference signal in a time-division scanning manner using different portions of the antenna panel in different time units, thereby meeting the duplex capability requirement for sensing (i.e., the ability to transmit and receive signals simultaneously). Therefore, the reference signal can be used for sensing, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead.

[0039] Optionally, the second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after interleaving the first precoding codebook set, including: the second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after row swapping and / or column swapping of the first precoding codebook set.

[0040] Optionally, the interleaving satisfies the following relationship: the second precoding codebook set is obtained by reading the first matrix in column-first-row order; the first matrix includes N2 rows and N1*2 columns, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first matrix includes four sub-matrices, which have the same number of rows and columns; the elements in the first matrix are determined by writing the first precoding codebook set in the order of writing within the sub-matrices first and then between the sub-matrices, where both within and between the sub-matrices, the writing is done in row-first-column order.

[0041] Optionally, a reference signal is sent to determine a third precoded codebook and / or sensing.

[0042] Optionally, the reference signal is CSI-RS.

[0043] Fourthly, a communication method is provided that can be applied to a second device. The second device in this application can be a network device or a terminal device, or a module (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system) within a network device or terminal device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device or terminal device. For ease of description, the following description uses a second device as an example.

[0044] The method includes: determining a third precoding codebook based on a second precoding codebook set; the second precoding codebook set is a codebook set interleaved with a first precoding codebook set; the spatial basis of the codebooks in the first precoding codebook set is the Kronecker product of two oversampled Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrices; and transmitting the third precoding codebook.

[0045] By designing the above-mentioned interleaving of the pre-coded codebook, the correspondence between the reference signal and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit can be achieved. The reference signal can be transmitted using different portions of the antenna panel in different time units in the form of time-division scanning, thereby meeting the duplex capability requirements of sensing (i.e., the ability to transmit and receive signals simultaneously). Therefore, the reference signal can be used for sensing, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead.

[0046] Optionally, the second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after interleaving the first precoding codebook set, including: the second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after row swapping and / or column swapping of the first precoding codebook set.

[0047] Optionally, the interleaving satisfies the following relationship: the second precoding codebook set is obtained by reading the first matrix in column-first-row order; the first matrix includes N2 rows and N1*2 columns, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first matrix includes four sub-matrices, which have the same number of rows and columns; the elements in the first matrix are determined by writing the first precoding codebook set in the order of writing within the sub-matrices first and then between the sub-matrices, where both within and between the sub-matrices, the writing is done in row-first-column order.

[0048] Optionally, determining the third precoding codebook based on the second precoding codebook set includes: determining the third precoding codebook based on the second precoding codebook set and the reference signal.

[0049] Optionally, the reference signal is CSI-RS.

[0050] Fifthly, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: a processor configured to perform the first aspect and any possible method thereof, the processor configured to perform the second aspect and any possible method thereof, the processor configured to perform the third aspect and any possible method thereof, or the processor configured to perform the fourth aspect and any possible method thereof.

[0051] In some implementations, the communication device described in the fifth aspect may further include a transceiver. This transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the communication device described in the fifth aspect and other communication devices.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the fifth aspect may further include a memory. This memory may be integrated with the processor or disposed separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data related to the methods of the first aspect or any embodiment thereof, the second aspect or any embodiment thereof, the third aspect or any embodiment thereof, or the fourth aspect or any embodiment thereof.

[0053] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device described in the fifth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or the technical effects of the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, or the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] A sixth aspect provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, to perform the method of the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, to perform the method of the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, or to perform the method of the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the communication device may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the communication device and other communication devices.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes the memory for storing the aforementioned computer program or instructions. Optionally, the memory and processor are integrated together.

[0057] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device described in the sixth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, or the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] A seventh aspect provides a communication device. The communication device includes: a processing unit configured to perform the first aspect and any possible method thereof, a second aspect and any possible method thereof, a third aspect and any possible method thereof, or a fourth aspect and any possible method thereof.

[0059] In some implementations, the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a transceiver unit. This transceiver unit may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transceiver unit can be used for communication between the communication device described in the seventh aspect and other communication devices.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a storage unit. This storage unit may be integrated with the processing unit or may be disposed separately. The storage unit may be used to store computer programs and / or data involved in the methods of the first aspect or any embodiment thereof, computer programs and / or data involved in the methods of the second aspect or any embodiment thereof, computer programs and / or data involved in the methods of the third aspect or any embodiment thereof, or computer programs and / or data involved in the methods of the fourth aspect or any embodiment thereof.

[0061] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device described in the seventh aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, or the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] Eighthly, a chip is provided, including a processor for calling a computer program or computer instructions in a memory to cause the processor to execute any of the implementations of the first aspect, any of the implementations of the second aspect, any of the implementations of the third aspect, or any of the implementations of the fourth aspect.

[0063] In some implementations, the processor is coupled to the memory via an interface.

[0064] A ninth aspect provides a communication system. The communication system includes: a first means for performing the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment thereof; a second means for performing the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment thereof; a first means for performing the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment thereof; or a second means for performing the method described in the fourth aspect or any embodiment thereof.

[0065] A tenth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising: a computer program or instructions; which, when executed, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any embodiment thereof to be implemented, cause the method as described in the second aspect or any embodiment thereof to be implemented, cause the method as described in the third aspect or any embodiment thereof to be implemented, or cause the method as described in the fourth aspect or any embodiment thereof to be implemented.

[0066] Eleventhly, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect to be implemented, cause the method as described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect to be implemented, cause the method as described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect to be implemented, or cause the method as described in the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect to be implemented. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 is an example diagram of a communication system.

[0068] Figure 2 is an example diagram of an O-RAN system.

[0069] Figure 3 is a diagram showing the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN device.

[0070] Figure 4 is an example diagram of a terminal device structure.

[0071] Figure 5 is an example diagram of a network device structure.

[0072] Figure 6 is an example diagram of a communication and sensing integrated scenario.

[0073] Figure 7 is an example diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 8 is an example diagram showing the relationship between a sensing symbol and a transmitting antenna panel.

[0075] Figure 9 is an example diagram of the relationship between a CSI-RS symbol and a transmit antenna panel.

[0076] Figure 10 is an example diagram of port numbering for an 8-port antenna.

[0077] Figure 11 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figure 12 is an example diagram showing the relationship between the time unit and antenna port numbering of an 8-port CSI-RS.

[0079] Figure 13 is an example diagram of writing and reading antenna port numbers.

[0080] Figure 14 is an example diagram of the port numbering of a 32-port antenna.

[0081] Figure 15 is an example diagram showing the relationship between the time unit and antenna port numbering of a 32-port CSI-RS.

[0082] Figure 16 is an example diagram of writing and reading antenna port numbers.

[0083] Figure 17 is an example diagram of another 32-port CSI-RS time unit and antenna port numbering relationship.

[0084] Figure 18 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0085] Figure 19 is an example diagram of another 8-port antenna port numbering.

[0086] Figure 20 is an example diagram of writing and reading antenna port numbers.

[0087] Figure 21 is an example diagram of another 32-port antenna port numbering.

[0088] Figure 22 is an example diagram of another 32-port CSI-RS time unit and antenna port numbering relationship.

[0089] Figure 23 is an example diagram of writing and reading antenna port numbers.

[0090] Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0091] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0092] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0093] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained before introducing this application.

[0094] 1. In this application, the term "system" may be used interchangeably with "network". This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in relation to a system that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches may also be used.

[0095] In this application, the words "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as an "example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific manner.

[0096] In this application, for ease of description, numbering can start from 1 consecutively, start from 0 consecutively, or start from any parameter. It should be understood that the above settings are for ease of describing the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0097] 2. In the embodiments of this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction and indirect instruction, as well as explicit instruction and implicit instruction. The information indicated by a certain piece of information is called the information to be instructed. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly instructing the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. It can also indirectly instruct the information to be instructed by instructing other information, where there is a correlation between the other information and the information to be instructed. It can also instruct only a part of the information to be instructed, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement order of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent. At the same time, the common parts of various pieces of information can be identified and uniformly indicated to reduce the instruction overhead caused by individually indicating the same information.

[0098] Furthermore, the specific instruction method can also be any existing instruction method, such as, but not limited to, the above-mentioned instruction methods and their various combinations. As can be seen from the above, for example, when multiple pieces of information of the same type need to be indicated, the instruction methods for different pieces of information may differ. In the specific implementation process, the required instruction method can be selected according to specific needs. This application embodiment does not limit the selected instruction method. Therefore, the instruction methods involved in this application embodiment should be understood to cover various methods that enable the party to be instructed to obtain the information to be indicated.

[0099] 3. "Predefined," "pre-defined," "pre-configured," or "pre-configured" can be understood as standard-defined, which can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including terminal devices). This application embodiment does not limit the specific implementation method. "Saving" can refer to saving in one or more memories. One or more memories can be separate settings or integrated into the encoder or decoder, processor, or communication device. One or more memories can also be partially separate settings and partially integrated into the decoder, processor, or communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application embodiment does not limit this. "Configuration" refers to network device configuration, which can be changed through system information block (SIB) or radio resource control (RRC) signaling. "Pre-configured" can be understood as information pre-recorded / written in the user equipment (UE) hardware and / or software, determined by the equipment manufacturer, and can be changed through software or hardware.

[0100] 4. The “protocol” involved in the embodiments of this application may refer to standard protocols in the field of communication, such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, the New Radio (NR) protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems. The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0101] 5. In the embodiments of this application, the descriptions such as "when," "under the circumstances," "if," and "if" all refer to the fact that the device (e.g., the terminal device) will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances. They are not time limits, nor do they require the device (e.g., the terminal device) to have a judgment action when implementing it, nor do they mean that there are other limitations.

[0102] 6. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B. The "and / or" in the embodiments of this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0103] 7. In the embodiments of this application, "time unit" generally refers to a unit of time. A time unit can be a radio frame, subframe, slot, mini-slot, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, hour (h), minute (min), second (s), millisecond (ms), partial OFDM symbol, on-off keying (OOK) symbol, OOK time unit, or a fraction of a millisecond (e.g., 1 / 32ms) time unit. Alternatively, a time unit can be multiple radio frames, multiple subframes, multiple slots, multiple mini-slots, multiple OFDM symbols, several hours, several minutes, several seconds, several milliseconds (ms), multiple partial OFDM symbols, multiple OOK symbols, multiple OOK time units, or several fractions of a millisecond time unit. A radio frame may include multiple subframes, a subframe may include one or more slots, and a slot may include at least one OFDM symbol. Alternatively, a radio frame may include multiple slots, and a slot may include at least one OFDM symbol. For ease of distinction, in this embodiment, the time unit mapped by OOK modulation is called an OOK time unit, and an OFDM symbol may include one or more OOK time units. For ON mode, the OOK time unit is also called an OOK ON time unit. An OOK time unit can also be referred to as an OOK symbol.

[0104] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0105] Unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions in different embodiments of this application are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0106] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0107] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, including but not limited to: LTE systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, NR systems and other fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) systems, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) systems, ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) systems, satellite communication systems, LTE-machine-to-machine (LTE-M) systems, or future communication networks, etc.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, the term "communication" can also be described as "data transmission," "signal transmission," "information transmission," or simply "transmission." In the embodiments of this application, transmission can include sending or receiving. Exemplarily, transmission can be uplink transmission, such as a terminal device sending a signal to a network device; transmission can also be downlink transmission, such as a network device sending a signal to a terminal device; transmission can also be sidelink transmission, such as a terminal device sending a signal to another terminal device. Exemplarily, "transmission" can be air interface-level transmission, or it can refer to signal transmission at a chip input (I) / output (O) interface, rather than air interface-level transmission.

[0109] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 100 includes a radio access network (RAN) 110 and a core network (CN) 120. Optionally, the communication system 100 may also include an Internet 130. The network equipment may include RAN 110, or the network equipment may include RAN 110 and CN 120.

[0110] RAN 110 may include at least one access network device (as shown in Figure 1, 111a and 111b) and at least one terminal device (as shown in Figure 1, 112a-112j). The terminal device is wirelessly connected to the access network device. The access network device is wirelessly or wiredly connected to the core network 120. The core network 120 may include one or more core network devices. The core network device and the access network device may be independent physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the access network device may be integrated on the same physical device, or a single physical device may integrate some of the functions of the core network device and some of the functions of the access network device. Terminal devices and access network devices may be interconnected via wired or wireless means. Terminal devices and terminal devices, access network devices and access network devices, and terminal devices and access network devices may communicate wirelessly via air interface resources. For example, air interface resources may include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources. It should be noted that Figure 1 is only a schematic diagram. The communication system 100 may also include other devices with wireless transceiver functions, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 1.

[0111] RAN 110 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as a 4G, 5G mobile communication system, or a future communication network. RAN 110 can also be an O-RAN, CRAN, or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system, or a communication system integrating two or more of the above systems. In this invention, RAN 110 can be an NTN system, and RAN 110 can be in transparent transmission mode or regenerative mode.

[0112] Access network equipment can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities. For example, access network equipment can be a base station used to connect terminal devices to the RAN. Access network equipment is sometimes also referred to as an access network node. It is understood that the names of devices with access capabilities may differ in systems employing different wireless access technologies. For ease of description, the devices providing wireless communication access capabilities to terminal devices in this application embodiment are collectively referred to as base stations. In this application embodiment, access network equipment includes, but is not limited to: various forms of macro base stations (as shown in Figure 1, 111a), micro base stations or indoor stations (as shown in Figure 1, 111b), pico base stations, small stations, balloon stations, relay stations, access points, etc. Access network equipment can include evolved node Bs (eNBs or eNodeBs) in LTE, access points (APs), wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, transmission points (TPs), or transmission reception points (TRPs) in wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems. It can also include next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) or transmission points (TRPs or TPs) in 5G systems, one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, and network nodes constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as baseband units (BBUs) or distributed units (DUs). Furthermore, it can include access network equipment, servers, or vehicle-mounted equipment in future communication networks. Access network equipment can also be modules or units that perform some of the functions of a base station; for example, it can be a central unit (CU) or a DU.

[0113] For example, in a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) or LTE wireless communication system, the access network equipment can be a macro base station eNB; in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) scenario, the access network equipment can be a micro base station eNB; in a distributed base station scenario, the access network equipment can include a BBU and a remote radio unit (RRU); in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, the access network equipment can be a BBU pool and an RRU; and in future wireless communication systems, the access network equipment can be a gNB.

[0114] In this embodiment, the means for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or it can be a means that enables the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the network device. The chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete components.

[0115] Communication between access network devices and terminal devices follows a specific protocol layer structure. This protocol layer may include a control plane protocol layer and a user plane protocol layer. The control plane protocol layer may include at least one of the following: radio resource control (RRC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, or physical (PHY) layer, etc. The user plane protocol layer may include at least one of the following: service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, or physical layer, etc.

[0116] In another possible scenario, multiple access network devices collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each device implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, access network devices could be CU, DU, CU (control plane, CP), CU (user plane, UP), or radio unit (RU), etc. CU and DU nodes separate the base station's protocol layers. Some protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. As one implementation, the CU deploys the RRC, PDCP, and SDAP layers from the protocol stack; the DU deploys the RLC, MAC, and physical layers from the protocol stack. Thus, the CU has RRC, PDCP, and SDAP processing capabilities, while the DU has RLC, MAC, and PHY processing capabilities. It is understood that the above functional division is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on the CU and DU. The CU and DU can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as the BBU. RU can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as RRU, active antenna unit (AAU), or remote radio head (RRH).

[0117] Core network equipment refers to the equipment in the core network that provides service support to terminals. Examples of core network equipment include: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entities, Session Management Function (SMF) entities, User Plane Function (UPF) entities, Policy Control Function (PCF) entities, Unified Data Management (UDM) entities, Application Function (AF) entities, Network Exposure Function (NEF) entities, Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) entities, Location Management Function (LMF) entities, and so on, not listed here. Among these, the AMF entity is responsible for terminal access management and mobility management, such as user location updates, user network registration, and user handover; the SMF entity is responsible for session management, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include allocating IP addresses to users and selecting UPFs that provide packet forwarding capabilities; the UPF entity can be a user plane functional entity, primarily responsible for connecting to external networks; the PCF is responsible for providing policies to the AMF and SMF, such as Quality of Service (QoS) policies and slice selection policies; the UDM is used to store user data, such as subscription information and authentication / authorization information; the AF is responsible for providing services to the 3GPP network, such as influencing service routing and interacting with the PCF for policy control; the NEF exposes the capabilities of various network functions and is responsible for converting internal and external information; the LMF is mainly responsible for location management, such as initiating location procedures and locating specific terminals; the NWDAF is used to collect, process, and analyze various data from the network, thereby helping operators better understand network performance, optimize network configuration, and improve user experience. It should be noted that in this application, entities can also be referred to as network elements or functional entities. For example, an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or AMF functional entity, and an SMF entity can also be called an SMF network element or SMF functional entity, etc.

[0118] Terminal equipment can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to users; it can also be a device with wireless connectivity. Terminal equipment can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (such as on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). Terminal equipment can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless network equipment, user agent, or user device. In this application embodiment, terminal devices include, but are not limited to: cellular phones, mobile phones, wireless data cards, wireless modems, tablets, laptop computers, notebook computers, handheld computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, smartphones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handsets with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices (e.g., cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers, smart glasses, etc.), satellite terminals, terminal devices in the Internet of Things or the Internet of Vehicles, as well as any form of terminal in future networks, relay user equipment, or terminals in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc.Terminal devices can also be virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, smart point-of-sale (POS) machines, customer-premises equipment (CPE), light UE, reduced capability UE (REDCAP UE), machine type communication (MTC) terminals, terminal devices in industrial control, terminal devices in self-driving, terminal devices in remote medical care, terminal devices in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, terminal devices in smart cities, terminal devices in smart homes, tactile terminal devices, smart home devices (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), smart robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in self-driving, or flying devices (e.g., smart robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal device can also be a vehicle device, such as a complete vehicle device, an in-vehicle module, an in-vehicle communication module, an in-vehicle chip, an on-board unit (OBU), or a telematics box (T-BOX). The terminal device can also be other devices with terminal functions; for example, it can be a device that functions as a terminal in device-to-device (D2D) communication. The terminal device can also be other embedded communication modules. This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0119] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip or chip system. This device can be installed in the terminal device. The chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device is referred to as the terminal device, which can also be called a terminal. The following description may use a UE (User Equipment) as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided in this application embodiment.

[0120] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 112i in Figure 1 can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 112j that access the wireless access network 110 via 112i, terminal 112i is a base station; however, for base station 111a, 112i is a terminal, meaning that 111a and 112i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 111a and 112i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, relative to 111a, 112i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 111a and 111b in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with base station functions, and 112a-112j in Figure 1 can be called communication devices with terminal functions.

[0121] Base stations and terminal devices can communicate via a wireless link. The transmission link from the base station to the terminal device can be called the downlink (DL) or downlink channel, and is used to transmit downlink signals. The transmission link from the terminal device to the base station can be called the uplink (UL) or uplink channel, and is used to transmit uplink signals.

[0122] For example, considering the transmission from the UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) to the UE (UTRAN to UE, Uu) interface, the two parties in the wireless communication may include a base station and a terminal device.

[0123] Figure 2 is an example diagram of an O-RAN system. An O-RAN system may include components other than those shown in Figure 2. As shown, the RAN communicates with the core network via a backhaul link and with user equipment (UE) or terminal equipment via an air interface. Specifically, the baseband unit (BBU) in the access network equipment communicates with the core network via the backhaul link, and the root unit (RU) in the access network equipment communicates with at least one UE via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link. The BBU and RU may or may not be co-located. The BBU includes at least one core unit (CU) and at least one dual unit (DU), which can communicate via at least one midhaul link.

[0124] Figure 3 illustrates the network element functional division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN device. In some examples, the CU is a logical node carrying the RRC layer, SDAP layer, PDCP layer, and other control functions of the access network device. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may have some core network functions. The CU (e.g., PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., RLC layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as F1 interfaces. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., F1 interfaces) can provide control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1 AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, and in some examples, it defines the signaling procedures of F1. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.

[0125] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP (Control Unit-Control Plane) and CU-UP (Control Unit-User Plane). CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC and PDCP-C (Control plane part of PDCP) layers, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements can be access and mobility function network elements, such as the AMF in a 5G system. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP and PDCP-U (User plane part of PDCP) layers, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions, such as the UPF in a 5G system. The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples; the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or it can be configured to have only partial protocol layer processing functions. For example, some functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Another example is that the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements. For instance, based on latency, functions that need to meet low latency requirements can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not need to meet such latency requirements can be placed in the CU.

[0126] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an O-RAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific device form used in the network device.

[0127] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the RLC layer, MAC layer, Higher PHY layer, and other functionalities. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces.

[0128] In some examples, the CU may not have a PDCP layer, i.e., it only includes the RRC layer. CU-CP does not have PDCP-C. CU-UP may not have PDCP-U, or may not have CU-UP at all. In some examples, the DU may not have an RLC layer, only a MAC and a higher PHY layer. Furthermore, in some examples, it may not have a CU and may only include the DU.

[0129] In some examples, the Higher PHY layer includes the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation. In some examples, the RU is a logical node carrying both Lower Physical Layer (Lower PHY) and Radio Frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPP Transmission Reception Point (TRP), Remote Radio Head (RRH), or other similar entity. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes the PHY processing, such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more UEs via a radio link.

[0130] The DU and RU can be co-located or separate. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a fronthaul link through a Lower-Layer Split CUS-Plane (LLS-CUS) interface. LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces providing the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane), respectively. In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU. The DU and RU can cooperate to implement PHY layer functions. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, the DU may be configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU may be configured to implement mid-RF functions. For example, DU is configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and RU is configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level functions and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer may include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer may include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0131] The O-RAN system may also include the following functions / nodes:

[0132] Non-real-time RAN intelligent controller (non-RT RIC or NRT RIC): Used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of RAN functions, enabling AI / ML workflows including model training and model updates, and guiding applications / functions in the NRT RIC based on policies;

[0133] Near-real-time RAN intelligent controller (near-RT RIC or nRT RIC): Used to realize near-real-time intelligent management of RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, it realizes near-real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources.

[0134] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device 200 provided in this application. For ease of explanation, only the main components of the terminal are shown. As shown in the figure, the terminal device 200 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and input / output devices.

[0135] The processor is primarily used to process communication protocols and data, control the entire terminal, execute software programs, and process the data within those programs, such as supporting the terminal in performing the actions described in the above-described method embodiments. The memory is primarily used to store software programs and data. The control circuit is primarily used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency (RF) signals and processing RF signals. The control circuit, along with the antenna, can also be called a transceiver, primarily used for transmitting and receiving RF signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touchscreens, displays, and keyboards, are primarily used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0136] When the terminal is powered on, the processor can read the software program from the storage unit, interpret and execute the software program's instructions, and process the software program's data. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then processes the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward as electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the terminal, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal back into data and processes the data.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for ease of explanation, Figure 4 only shows one memory and processor. In an actual terminal, multiple processors and memories may exist. Memory can also be called storage medium or storage device, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU is mainly used to control the entire terminal, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The processor in the figure integrates the functions of a baseband processor and a CPU. Those skilled in the art will understand that the baseband processor and the CPU may also be independent processors interconnected through technologies such as buses. Those skilled in the art will understand that a terminal may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, and a terminal may include multiple CPUs to enhance its processing capabilities. The various components of the terminal may be connected through various buses. The baseband processor may also be described as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The CPU may also be described as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The function of processing communication protocols and communication data can be built into the processor or stored in the storage unit in the form of software programs, which are then executed by the processor to implement the baseband processing function.

[0138] For example, in this embodiment, the antenna and control circuit with transceiver functions can be regarded as the transceiver unit 210 of the terminal device 200, and the processor with processing functions can be regarded as the processing unit 220 of the terminal device 200. As shown in the figure, the terminal device 200 includes the transceiver unit 210 and the processing unit 220. The transceiver unit can also be called a transceiver, transceiver device, etc. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit 210 used to implement the receiving function can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device in the transceiver unit 210 used to implement the transmitting function can be regarded as the transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver unit 210 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. For example, the receiving unit can also be called a receiver, receiver circuit, etc., and the transmitting unit can be called a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.

[0139] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a network device 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown, the network device 300 may include one or more DU 310s and one or more CU 320s. CU 320s can communicate with the core network. DU 310s may include at least one antenna 311, at least one radio frequency unit 312, at least one processor 313, and at least one memory 314. The DU 310 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals, converting radio frequency signals to baseband signals, and performing some baseband processing. CU 320s may include at least one processor 322 and at least one memory 321. CU 320s and DU 310s can communicate via CP and UP interfaces.

[0140] The CU 320 is mainly used for baseband processing and controlling the network device 300. The DU 310 and CU 320 can be physically installed together or separately, i.e., a distributed base station. The CU 320 is the control center of the network device 300, also known as a processing unit, and is mainly used to complete baseband processing functions. For example, the CU 320 can be used to control the network device 300 to execute the operation procedures related to the network equipment in the above method embodiments.

[0141] Furthermore, the network device 300 may include one or more RUs, one or more DUs, and one or more CUs. A DU may include at least one processor 313 and at least one memory 314, an RU may include at least one antenna 311 and at least one radio frequency unit 312, and a CU may include at least one processor 322 and at least one memory 321.

[0142] In one example, CU 320 can consist of one or more boards. These boards can collectively support a single access-indicating radio access network (such as a 5G network), or they can each support radio access networks with different access standards (such as LTE, 5G, or other networks). Memory 321 and processor 322 can serve one or more boards. That is, each board can have its own memory and processor, or multiple boards can share the same memory and processor. Furthermore, each board can also have necessary circuitry. DU 310 can also consist of one or more boards. These boards can collectively support a single access-indicating radio access network (such as a 5G network), or they can each support radio access networks with different access standards (such as LTE, 5G, or other networks). Memory 314 and processor 313 can serve one or more boards. That is, each board can have its own memory and processor, or multiple boards can share the same memory and processor. Furthermore, each board can also have necessary circuitry.

[0143] To facilitate understanding of the solution, the following is a brief introduction to the relevant basic concepts. The architecture and methodology will gradually evolve with technological advancements, therefore the following definitions do not constitute a limitation on this application.

[0144] 1. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)

[0145] The integrated communication and sensing system aims to combine wireless communication and sensing functions into a single system. Utilizing the various propagation characteristics of wireless signals, it achieves sensing functions such as target localization, detection, imaging, and identification to acquire information about the surrounding physical environment, improve communication performance, and enhance user experience. As shown in Figure 6, in an integrated communication and sensing scenario, network devices and terminal devices in the communication network can simultaneously communicate and sense objects that lack communication capabilities. Sensing targets include, but are not limited to, moving targets such as vehicles, low-altitude drones, and pedestrians, as well as stationary objects in the environment, such as buildings and the ground.

[0146] In integrated communication and sensing technology, network devices perceive objects in the environment by sending sensing signals and receiving echo signals to obtain information such as the location and velocity of targets. The sensing signal is the signal used for sensing; the initial amplitude and phase of the sensing signal sent by the transmitter are known to the receiver. One approach is to pre-configure the initial amplitude and phase information of the sensing signal to the receiver using methods such as configuration sequences, for example, channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS) and other possible reference signals used for sensing. Alternatively, the sensing signal can be a communication signal carrying data; the receiver can calculate the initial amplitude and phase information of each data signal based on data verification results and known modulation schemes. Or, other wireless signals can be used that allow the receiver to obtain their initial amplitude and phase information. The echo signal is the signal generated by the reflection of the sensing signal from a target in the environment; the echo signal can also be understood as the sensing signal. The time delay of the echo signal relative to the transmitted sensing signal reflects the distance to the target; the Doppler shift of the echo signal relative to the transmitted sensing signal reflects the velocity of the target.

[0147] The sensing modes can be divided into the following six modes, as shown in Figure 7: Network device self-transmission and self-reception: The sensing signal is sent by the network device, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by the same network device; Network device A transmits and network device B receives: The sensing signal is sent by network device A, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by network device B; Network device transmits and terminal receives: The sensing signal is sent by the network device, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by the terminal; Terminal transmits and network device receives: The sensing signal is sent by the terminal, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by the network device; Terminal self-transmission and self-reception: The sensing signal is sent by the terminal, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by the same terminal; Terminal A transmits and terminal B receives: The sensing signal is sent by terminal A, reflected by a target in the environment, and then received by terminal B.

[0148] In current sensing systems, sensing signals and communication signals are time-division multiplexed, with the sensing signal independently occupying a portion of the symbols for transmission. For example, as shown in Figure 8, the sensing signal occupies the last four symbols in the first downlink time slot (time slot D in the figure), while the other symbols are used for communication. During sensing, the base station needs to have full-duplex capability, meaning it can simultaneously transmit and receive signals. However, sensing cannot be performed with the entire antenna panel transmitting; only a portion of the antenna panel can transmit and a portion can receive. For example, the upper half of the antenna panel can be used for transmitting the sensing signal, and the lower half for receiving it. Figure 8 only illustrates this with upper and lower antenna panels; in practice, base stations can also use other antenna panel partitioning methods, such as transmitting from the left half and receiving from the right half, or transmitting from the upper 1 / 4 antenna panel and receiving from the lower 3 / 4 antenna panel. This invention does not limit the specific antenna panel partitioning method.

[0149] 2. CSI-RS

[0150] There are several types of CSI-RS: Channel State Information Interference Management (CSI-IM) can be used for interference measurement; Zero Power CSI-RS (ZP-CSI-RS) is used for rate adaptation. In the resource elements (REs) occupied by CSI-IM and ZP-CSI-RS, the base station does not transmit any signals, and the UE uses the idle REs for interference or noise measurement. The RE has one symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. Non-zero power CSI-RS (NZP-CSI-RS) can be used for beam management, mobility management measurements, and time-frequency tracking.

[0151] CSI-RS is configured using CSI-RS resources as the basic unit. Within a CSI-RS resource configuration, the base station indicates the number of ports and time-frequency patterns, etc. Table 1 defines 18 CSI-RS resource configurations. The base station indicates the corresponding CSI-RS resource for the UE by configuring one row in each row, as follows:

[0152] The CSI-RS time-frequency pattern includes the specific time-frequency location occupied by the CSI-RS, or in other words, the REs occupied by the CSI-RS. In the code division multiplexing type, noCDM indicates no code division multiplexing, with one RE corresponding to one antenna port; fd-CDM2 indicates code division multiplexing of two consecutive REs in the frequency domain, corresponding to two antenna ports; CDM4 indicates code division multiplexing of four REs (two consecutive REs in the frequency domain and two consecutive REs in the time domain), corresponding to four antenna ports; CDM8 indicates code division multiplexing of eight REs (two consecutive REs in the frequency domain and four consecutive REs in the time domain), corresponding to eight antenna ports. Density ρ indicates that ρ REs are used for transmission on one CSI-RS antenna port within one PRB. and This indicates the start frequency and start symbol position of the CSI-RS within a CDM group. k′ and l′ are the indices of REs within the CDM group. k′ indicates the position of one or two consecutive REs within a CDM group in the frequency domain relative to the start frequency k′, and l′ indicates the position of one, two, or four consecutive REs within a CDM group in the time domain relative to the start symbol l′.

[0153] The antenna port numbering rule for CSI-RS resources is as follows: p=3000+s+jL, j=0,1,…,N / L-1, s=0,1,…,L-1 (1)

[0154] Where s is the index of the CDM sequence, L is the size of the CDM group, N is the number of CSI-RS ports, and j is the CDM group index in Table 1. The CDM groups are numbered in the order of frequency domain first and time domain second.

[0155] Taking the 7th row of Table 1 as an example, the time-frequency pattern of CSI-RS is shown in Figure 9. The code division multiplexing (CDM) mode is fd-CDM2, that is, two consecutive REs in the frequency domain are a CDM group, and each CDM group corresponds to 2 ports. The CSI-RS resources include a total of 4 CDM groups and 8 ports, occupying 2 symbols in the time domain and 4 REs in the frequency domain. According to formula (1), the mapping relationship between CSI-RS resources and antenna ports 3000 to 3007 is shown in Figure 9, where 3000 to 3007 correspond to ports 0 to 7 in the figure, respectively.

[0156] Table 1 CSI-RS Resource Allocation

[0157] The overall process of UE measurement and CSI reporting includes: the base station sends CSI-RS configuration information and CSI measurement reporting configuration information to the UE, and sends CSI-RS according to the configuration; the UE measures the CSI-RS according to the configuration information and reports the CSI result. The CSI typically includes one or more of the following information: rank indication (RI), channel quality indicator (CQI), or precoding matrix indication (PMI). Based on the reported CSI result, the base station performs scheduling-related processing to determine the downlink scheduling time-frequency resources, MCS, MIMO layer number, and precoding matrix.

[0158] 3. Precoding Matrix Indication (PMI)

[0159] After the UE measures the channel coefficients according to CSI-RS, it can calculate the precoding matrix and feed it back to the base station via a codebook. Specifically, it indicates a precoding matrix from a predefined codebook set and feeds it back to the base station. The spatial basis v of the precoding codebook... l,m It is obtained by performing the Kronecker product operation on the two oversampled DFT matrix formulas (2) and (3):

[0160] Where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas, N2 is the number of vertical antennas, O1 is the horizontal oversampling factor, O2 is the vertical oversampling factor, l is the horizontal beam index, and m is the vertical beam index.

[0161] The above codebook spatial basis design assumes that the antenna ports are arranged in a vertical, then horizontal, and finally polarized order. Taking an 8-antenna-port example, the arrangement rule of the antenna ports is shown in Figure 10. The horizontal and vertical dimensions of the antenna ports are both 2, corresponding to N1 and N2 in the spatial basis above. Including the dual-polarized antennas (different dashed lines in the figure represent antennas with different polarizations), there are a total of 8 antenna ports. The positions of the antennas with different polarizations are the same (for example, the antennas numbered 0 and 4 are in the same position). It should be noted that one antenna port in the figure can correspond to a single physical antenna, or it can be a virtual combination of multiple physical antennas.

[0162] In the aforementioned CSI-RS resource configuration and precoding method, CSI-RS on different symbols cannot be transmitted on different partial antenna panels, where a partial antenna panel can be understood as an antenna panel located at a specific position within the entire antenna panel. Referring to Figures 9 and 10, taking the first CSI-RS symbol as an example, antenna ports 3000, 3001, 3002, and 3003 in Figure 9 correspond to antenna ports 0, 1, 2, and 3 in Figure 10, making partial antenna panel transmission impossible (partial antenna panels could be 0, 1, 4, 5, or 0, 4, 2, 6, etc.). This method is unsuitable for applications requiring sensing signals to be transmitted using only partial antenna panels, and cannot achieve multiplexing of CSI-RS and sensing signals. In this embodiment, by designing a new CSI-RS resource antenna port configuration method or precoding codebook, CSI-RS can be transmitted on partial antenna panels within a single time unit, thereby achieving multiplexing of CSI-RS for both communication and sensing. That is, CSI-RS can be used for both communication and sensing, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead.

[0163] This application provides an information transmission method applicable to the aforementioned communication system, primarily involving the interaction between terminal equipment and network equipment. The information sending end is a first device, and the information receiving end is a second device. For downlink information transmission, the first device is the network equipment, and the second device is the terminal equipment. Unless otherwise specified, the device in this application can refer to the device itself, a module within the device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device.

[0164] Figure 11 is a schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of description, the following description uses downlink transmission between the first device and the second device as an example.

[0165] S301, the first device sends M first reference signals, and correspondingly, the second device receives M first reference signals.

[0166] The M first reference signals include a first reference signal subset and a second reference signal subset. The time domain resources of the first reference signal subset are the first time units, and the time domain resources of the second reference signal subset are the second time units. M is an integer greater than 1. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the first reference signal subset belong to the first number set and the second number set. The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the second reference signal subset belong to the third number set and the fourth number set. The first number set, the second number set, the third number set, and the fourth number set satisfy the following: the first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or different columns of the first number matrix. The first number matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns. The numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order. The difference between corresponding elements in the first number set and the second number set is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third number set and the fourth number set is N1×N2. N1 and N2 are positive integers.

[0167] As an example, the first reference signal can be CSI-RS, where CSI-RS includes a first subset of CSI-RS and a second subset of CSI-RS. The time-domain resource of the first subset of CSI-RS is a first time unit, and the time-domain resource of the second subset of CSI-RS is a second time unit. The antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the first subset of CSI-RS belong to the first number set and the second number set. This can be understood as the antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the first subset of CSI-RS corresponding to the union of the first number set and the second number set, or in other words, a portion of the antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the first subset of CSI-RS belong to the first number set, and another portion belongs to the second number set. The antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the second subset of CSI-RS belong to the third number set and the fourth number set. This can be understood as the antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the second subset of CSI-RS corresponding to the union of the third number set and the fourth number set, or in other words, a portion of the antenna port numbers of the CSI-RS in the second subset of CSI-RS belong to the third number set, and another portion belongs to the fourth number set.

[0168] Specifically, in the first CSI-RS subset, the antenna port numbers of CSI-RS belong to the first and second numbering sets. This can be understood as the antenna port numbers corresponding to one or more REs of CSI-RS in the first CSI-RS subset belonging to the first and second numbering sets. Similarly, in the second CSI-RS subset, the antenna port numbers of CSI-RS belong to the third and fourth numbering sets. This can be understood as the antenna port numbers corresponding to one or more REs of CSI-RS in the second CSI-RS subset belonging to the third and fourth numbering sets. The first and third numbering sets belong to different rows or columns of the first numbering matrix. This can be understood as the antenna ports corresponding to the first numbering set and the third numbering set... The deployment locations of the corresponding antenna ports are different; the difference between corresponding elements in the first and second numbered sets is N1×N2, which can be understood as the first and second numbered sets containing the same number of elements, and the difference between corresponding elements in the first and second numbered sets is N1×N2. For example, the first numbered set is {0,2}, the second numbered set is {4,6}, and the difference between corresponding elements in the two sets is 4. It can be understood that the antenna ports of corresponding elements in the first and second numbered sets are different polarized antennas deployed in the same location (e.g., 0 and 4). Similarly, the antenna ports of corresponding elements in the third and fourth numbered sets are different polarized antennas deployed in the same location.

[0169] For example, as shown in Figure 12(b), the CSI-RS corresponding to the first time unit is a subset of the first CSI-RS, and the antenna ports in the first antenna port set are the antenna ports corresponding to 0 and 2 in Figure 10, with port numbers 0 and 2 (first number set); the antenna ports in the second antenna port set are the antenna ports corresponding to 4 and 6 in Figure 10, with port numbers 4 and 6 (second number set); the CSI-RS corresponding to the second time unit is a subset of the second CSI-RS, and the antenna ports in the third antenna port set are the antenna ports corresponding to 1 and 3 in Figure 10, with port numbers 1 and 3 (third number set); the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set are the antenna ports corresponding to 5 and 7 in Figure 10, with port numbers 5 and 7 (fourth number set); the first number matrix is...

[0170] Therefore, the first and third number sets are the first and second rows of the first number matrix, respectively; the difference between corresponding elements in the first and second number sets is 4, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third and fourth number sets is also 4. Based on the above mapping relationship, the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to antenna ports 0, 4, 2, and 6 (upper half antenna panel) in Figure 10, and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to antenna ports 1, 5, 3, and 7 (lower half antenna panel) in Figure 10. It can be understood that in order to satisfy the condition that the CSI-RS of a time unit corresponds to a portion of the antenna panel, the order of port numbers within a time unit does not need to be limited. For example, as shown in Figure 12(a), the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to the numbers {0, 2, 4, 6}, and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to the numbers {1, 3, 5, 7}, and the correspondence within a time unit can be in any order. Furthermore, if the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to the left half of the sky and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to the right half of the sky, then the CSI-RS of the first time unit is numbered {0,1,4,5} and the CSI-RS of the second time unit is numbered {2,3,6,7}.

[0171] It is understandable that by designing the above mapping relationship between CSI-RS resources and antenna ports, the correspondence between CSI-RS and part of the antenna panel within a time unit can be realized, thereby meeting the transmission conditions of sensing signals, and multiplexing CSI-RS in communication and sensing to improve transmission efficiency and reduce overhead.

[0172] Optionally, N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas.

[0173] One possible implementation is that the mapping relationship between the CSI-RS and the antenna port is predefined or configured.

[0174] Another possible implementation involves further determining the CSI-RS port numbers based on the CSI-RS port numbers in Table 1. The mapping relationship in Table 1 yields the following method for matching CSI-RS with a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit:

[0175] 1) Write the corresponding antenna port numbers from Table 1 into a matrix with N2 rows and N1*2 columns in the order of column first and then row;

[0176] 2) Divide the matrix into four uniform submatrices (divided horizontally into two parts and vertically into two parts), and the four submatrices have the same number of rows and columns.

[0177] 3) Obtain the new antenna port number by reading first within the submatrix and then between submatrixes. The reading is done row-first and column-later both within and between submatrixes.

[0178] For example, as shown in Figure 13, corresponding to row 7 of Table 1, the antenna port numbers {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7} are written into a 2x4 matrix in column-first-row order to obtain the matrix [0,2,4,6; 1,3,5,7]. The matrix is ​​divided into submatrices A, B, C, and D. The new antenna port numbers {0,2,4,6,1,3,5,7} are read in the order shown in the figure.

[0179] The following example of a 32-port antenna is given in conjunction with Figures 14 and 15. Figure 14 shows the correspondence between the antenna ports and port numbers of the 32-port antenna. As shown in Figure 15(b), the CSI-RS corresponding to the first time unit is the first CSI-RS subset, and the antenna port numbers in the first antenna port set are {0,4,8,12,1,5,9,13} (first number set); the antenna port numbers in the second antenna port set are {16,20,24,28,17,21,25,29} (second number set); the CSI-RS corresponding to the second time unit is the second CSI-RS subset, and the antenna port numbers in the third antenna port set are {2,6,10,14,3,7,11,15} (third number set); the antenna port numbers in the fourth antenna port set are {18,22,26,30,19,23,27,31} (fourth number set); the first number matrix is ​​[0,4,8,12; 1,5,9,13; 2,6,10,14; 3,7,11,15]. Therefore, the first numbering set is the first and second rows of the first numbering matrix, and the third numbering set is the third and fourth rows of the first numbering matrix; the difference between corresponding elements in the first and second numbering sets is 16, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third and fourth numbering sets is 16. Based on the above mapping relationship, the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to antenna ports {0,4,8,12,1,5,9,13} and {16,20,24,28,17,21,25,29} (upper half antenna panel) in Figure 14, and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to antenna ports {2,6,10,14,3,7,11,15} and {18,22,26,30,19,23,27,31} (lower half antenna panel) in Figure 14. It can be understood that in order to satisfy the condition that the CSI-RS of a time unit corresponds to part of the antenna panel, the port numbering order within a time unit does not need to be limited. For example, as shown in Figure 15(a), the CSI-RS corresponding to the first time unit is numbered {0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13,16,17,20,21,24,25,28,29}, and the CSI-RS corresponding to the second time unit is numbered {2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15,18,19,22,23,26,27,30,31}. The correspondence within a time unit can be in any order.Furthermore, if the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to the left half of the sky and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to the right half of the sky, then the CSI-RS of the first time unit is numbered {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23}, and the CSI-RS of the second time unit is numbered {8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31}.

[0180] Furthermore, the method for determining the mapping relationship between CSI-RS and antenna ports based on Table 1 is shown in Figure 16. Corresponding to row 16 of Table 1, antenna port numbers 0-31 are written into a 4x8 matrix in column-first, row-second order to obtain the matrix in Figure 16. The matrix is ​​then divided into submatrices A, B, C, and D. New antenna port numbers {0,4,8,12,1,5,9,13,16,20,24,28,17,21,25,29,2,6,10,14,3,7,11,15,18,22,26,30,19,23,27,31} are obtained according to the order shown in the figure. Optionally, the CSI-RS corresponding to antenna ports in the first antenna port set, the second antenna port set, the third antenna port set, and the fourth antenna port set belong to the same reference signal resource. Reference signal resources can be understood as the basic unit for base station CSI-RS resource configuration, including the number of ports and time-frequency patterns, etc. Alternatively, reference signal resources can be understood as a row in Table 1, including the configuration of the number of ports, code division multiplexing type, etc.

[0181] Optionally, the first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent in the time domain.

[0182] Optionally, CSI-RS can be used for communication measurement and / or sensing. For example, if CSI-RS is used for communication measurement, the second device obtains channel information by measuring the CSI-RS sent by the first device; if CSI-RS is used for sensing, the receiving end (which can be the first device, the second device, or other devices) obtains information such as the position and velocity of the target in the environment based on the echo signal (sensing signal) corresponding to the reflection of the CSI-RS from the target in the environment; if CSI-RS is used for both communication measurement and sensing, the CSI-RS sent by the first device can be used by the second device to obtain channel information, and also by the receiving end to obtain information such as the position and velocity of the target in the environment.

[0183] It is understandable that the above methods can enable the same CSI-RS to be used for both communication measurement and sensing, thereby reducing CSI-RS resource overhead and improving transmission efficiency.

[0184] Optionally, the first device transmits a first CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the first antenna port set and antenna ports in the second antenna port set in the first time unit; the first device transmits a second CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the third antenna port set and antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set in the second time unit.

[0185] Optionally, CSI-RS also includes a third CSI-RS subset and a fourth CSI-RS subset. The time-domain resources of the third CSI-RS subset are the third time unit, and the time-domain resources of the fourth CSI-RS subset are the fourth time unit. The third CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the fifth antenna port set and the antenna ports in the sixth antenna port set. The fourth CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the seventh antenna port set and the antenna ports in the eighth antenna port set. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the fifth antenna port set belong to the fifth number set, and the antennas in the seventh antenna port set... The port numbers of the ports belong to the seventh number set. The first, third, fifth, and seventh number sets belong to different rows, columns, or submatrices of the first number matrix. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the sixth antenna port set belong to the sixth number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the eighth antenna port set belong to the eighth number set. The difference between corresponding elements in the fifth and sixth number sets is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the seventh and eighth number sets is N1×N2, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas.

[0186] For example, as shown in Figure 17, the CSI-RS corresponding to the first time unit is a subset of the first CSI-RS, and the antenna port numbers in the first antenna port set are {0,4,8,12} (first number set); the antenna port numbers in the second antenna port set are {16,20,24,28} (second number set); the CSI-RS corresponding to the second time unit is a subset of the second CSI-RS, and the antenna port numbers in the third antenna port set are {1,5,9,13} (third number set); the antenna port numbers in the fourth antenna port set are {17,21,25,29} (fourth number set); the CSI-RS corresponding to the third time unit is a subset of the third CSI-RS. The CSI-RS subsets are as follows: the antenna port numbers in the fifth antenna port set are {2,6,10,14} (fifth number set); the antenna port numbers in the sixth antenna port set are {18,22,26,30} (sixth number set); the CSI-RS corresponding to the fourth time unit is the fourth CSI-RS subset; the antenna port numbers in the seventh antenna port set are {3,7,11,15} (seventh number set); the antenna port numbers in the eighth antenna port set are {19,23,27,31} (eighth number set); the first number matrix is ​​[0,4,8,12; 1,5,9,13; 2,6,10,14; 3,7,11,15]. Therefore, the first, third, fifth, and seventh numbered sets are the first, second, third, and fourth rows of the first numbered matrix, respectively; the difference between corresponding elements in the first and second numbered sets is 16, the difference between corresponding elements in the third and fourth numbered sets is 16, the difference between corresponding elements in the fifth and sixth numbered sets is 16, and the difference between corresponding elements in the seventh and eighth numbered sets is 16. Based on the above mapping relationship, the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to the antenna ports {0,4,8,12,16,20,24,28} in Figure 14 (first 1 / 4 antenna panel), the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to the antenna ports {1,5,9,13,17,21,25,29} in Figure 14 (second 1 / 4 antenna panel), the CSI-RS of the third time unit corresponds to the antenna ports {2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30} in Figure 14 (third 1 / 4 antenna panel), and the CSI-RS of the fourth time unit corresponds to the antenna ports {3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31} in Figure 14 (fourth 1 / 4 antenna panel).

[0187] It is understood that the correspondence between CSI-RS and a portion of the antenna panel within one time unit can include two, three, or more time units. Furthermore, the portion of the antenna panel can be the upper half, left half, or upper left quarter antenna panel, etc. This application does not limit the specific location and shape of the portion of the antenna panel. This method enables flexible mapping between CSI-RS and antenna ports, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead.

[0188] One possible implementation is that the mapping relationship between the CSI-RS and the antenna port is predefined or configured.

[0189] Another possible implementation is that the CSI-RS port number mentioned above is further determined based on the CSI-RS port number related to Table 1.

[0190] Optionally, the first device transmits a first CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the first antenna port set and antenna ports in the second antenna port set in the first time unit; the first device transmits a second CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the third antenna port set and antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set in the second time unit; the first device transmits a third CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the fifth antenna port set and antenna ports in the sixth antenna port set in the third time unit; and the first device transmits a fourth CSI-RS subset through antenna ports in the seventh antenna port set and antenna ports in the eighth antenna port set in the fourth time unit.

[0191] S302, the second device sends a CSI report, and correspondingly, the first device receives the CSI report.

[0192] Specifically, the second device receives the aforementioned M first reference signals and performs measurements, and sends a CSI report to the first device based on the measurement results. The CSI report includes at least one of the following: RI, CQI, or PMI.

[0193] Optionally, the method further includes S303 before S301. In S303, the first device sends CSI-RS configuration information, and correspondingly, the second device receives the CSI-RS configuration information, wherein the CSI-RS configuration information includes at least one of the following: number of antenna ports, density, code division multiplexing type, code division multiplexing group index, or time-frequency resource information of CSI-RS.

[0194] The above embodiments illustrate a method for configuring CSI-RS resources and antenna ports, which can achieve a correspondence between CSI-RS and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit. This allows the first device to transmit CSI-RS in a time-division scanning manner using different portions of the antenna panel in different time units, satisfying the transmission conditions of the sensing signal, realizing the multiplexing of CSI-RS in communication and sensing, improving transmission efficiency, and reducing overhead. It is understood that this embodiment uses CSI-RS as an example for illustration; CSI-RS can also be other reference signals, and this application is not limited to them. The following describes another method for achieving a correspondence between CSI-RS and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit.

[0195] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to Figure 18. For ease of description, the downlink transmission of the first device and the second device will be used as an example in the following description.

[0196] S401, the second device sends the third pre-encoded codebook, and correspondingly, the first device receives the third pre-encoded codebook.

[0197] The third precoding codebook belongs to the second precoding codebook set. The second precoding codebook set satisfies the following conditions: the second precoding codebook set is obtained by interleaving the first precoding codebook set, and the spatial basis of the codebook in the first precoding codebook set is obtained by performing the Kronecker product operation on two oversampled DFT matrices.

[0198] Specifically, interleaving the first precoding codebook set can be understood as performing row swapping and / or column swapping on the first precoding codebook set; the spatial basis of the codebook in the first precoding codebook set is obtained by performing Kronecker product operation on two oversampled DFT matrices. It can be understood that the first precoding codebook set is determined according to formulas (2) and (3), or the first precoding codebook set satisfies formulas (2) and (3).

[0199] For example, taking port 8 as an example, codebook 1 in the first precoding codebook set can be represented as [w0, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6, w7]. TThe codebook 1 is determined according to the spatial basis shown in formulas (2) and (3). Specifically, the determination method can be the rules defined by the existing NR protocols' Type I Single-Panel Codebook, Type I Multi-Panel Codebook, Type II Codebook, and Enhanced Type II Codebook, or the rules defined by the evolved codebooks mentioned above. Row swapping of the first precoding codebook set yields the second precoding codebook set, where the corresponding codebook 1, after row swapping, becomes [w0, w4, w1, w5, w2, w6, w3, w7]. T The antenna port arrangement rules corresponding to the first precoding codebook set are shown in Figure 10, and the antenna port arrangement rules corresponding to the second precoding codebook set are shown in Figure 19. Combining Figures 9 and 19, it can be seen that the CSI-RS of the first symbol corresponds to the upper half of the antenna panel, and the CSI-RS of the second symbol corresponds to the lower half of the antenna panel.

[0200] For example, taking port 32 as an example, codebook 1 in the first precoding codebook set can be represented as [w0,w1,w2,w3,w4,w5,w6,w7,w8,w9,w 10 ,w 11 ,w 12 ,w 13 ,w 14 ,w 15 ,w 16 ,w 17 ,w 18 ,w 19 ,w 20 ,w 21 ,w 22 ,w 23 ,w 24 ,w 25 ,w 26 ,w 27 ,w 28 ,w 29 ,w 30 ,w 31 ] T Row swapping of the first precoding codebook set yields the second precoding codebook set, where the corresponding codebook 1, after row swapping, becomes [w0, w4, w...]. 16 ,w 20 ,w1,w5,w 17 ,w 21 ,w2,w6,w 18 ,w 22 ,w3,w7,w 19 ,w 23 ,w8,w12 ,w 28 ,w 24 ,w9,w 13 ,w 29 ,w 25 ,w 10 ,w 14 ,w 30 ,w 26 ,w 11 ,w 15 ,w 31 ,w 27 ] T The antenna port arrangement rules corresponding to the first precoding codebook set are shown in Figure 14, and the antenna port arrangement rules corresponding to the second precoding codebook set are shown in Figure 21. Combining Figures 22 and 21, it can be seen that the CSI-RS of the first time unit corresponds to the upper half of the antenna panel, and the CSI-RS of the second time unit corresponds to the lower half of the antenna panel. Figure 22 shows the relationship between the CSI-RS time units and antenna port numbers determined based on Table 1.

[0201] It is understandable that by designing the above-mentioned interleaving of the precoding codebook, the correspondence between CSI-RS and part of the antenna panel within a time unit can be achieved, thereby satisfying the transmission conditions of sensing signals, and multiplexing CSI-RS in communication and sensing to improve transmission efficiency and reduce overhead.

[0202] Optionally, the method for interleaving the first precoding codebook set satisfies the following conditions: the second precoding codebook set is obtained by reading the first matrix in column-first, row-later order; the first matrix includes N2 rows and N1*2 columns, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first matrix includes four sub-matrices, which have the same number of rows and columns; the elements in the first matrix are determined by writing the first precoding codebook set in the order of writing within the sub-matrices first and then between the sub-matrices, wherein both within and between the sub-matrices, the elements are written in row-first, column-later order.

[0203] For example, taking port 8 as an example, the first precoding codebook set can be represented as [w0, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6, w7]. T As shown in Figure 20, the first matrix consists of 2 rows and 4 columns, with four sub-matrices A, B, C, and D. The first precoding codebook set is written first within the sub-matrices, then between them. Following the column-first, row-later order shown in the figure, the second precoding codebook set can be obtained as [w0, w4, w1, w5, w2, w6, w3, w7]. T As can be seen from Figures 9 and 19, the first symbol of CSI-RS corresponds to the upper half of the antenna panel, and the second symbol of CSI-RS corresponds to the lower half of the antenna panel.

[0204] For example, taking port 32 as an example, the first precoding codebook set can be represented as [w0,w1,w2,w3,w4,w5,w6,w7,w8,w9,w 10 ,w 11 ,w 12 ,w 13 ,w 14 ,w 15 ,w 16 ,w 17 ,w 18 ,w 19 ,w 20 ,w 21 ,w 22 ,w 23 ,w 24 ,w 25 ,w 26 ,w 27 ,w 28 ,w 29 ,w 30 ,w 31 ] T As shown in Figure 23, the first matrix consists of 4 rows and 8 columns, with four sub-matrices A, B, C, and D. The first precoding codebook set is written first within the sub-matrices, and then between the sub-matrices. Following the column-first, row-later order shown in the figure, the second precoding codebook set can be obtained as [w0, w4, w...]. 16 ,w 20 ,w1,w5,w 17 ,w 21 ,w2,w6,w 18 ,w 22 ,w3,w7,w 19 ,w 23 ,w8,w 12 ,w 28 ,w 24 ,w9,w 13 ,w 29 ,w 25 ,w 10 ,w 14 ,w 30 ,w 26 ,w 11 ,w 15 ,w 31 ,w 27 ] T As can be seen from Figures 21 and 22, the CSI-RS of the first symbol corresponds to the upper half of the antenna panel, and the CSI-RS of the second symbol corresponds to the lower half of the antenna panel.

[0205] S402, the first device transmits communication and / or sensing signals according to the third precoded codebook.

[0206] Optionally, the method further includes S403 before S401. In S403, the first device sends CSI-RS, and correspondingly, the second device receives CSI-RS, wherein the CSI-RS is used to determine a third precoded codebook, as well as communication measurements and / or sensing. Specifically, the second device receives the CSI-RS and performs measurements, and sends the third precoded codebook to the first device based on the measurement results.

[0207] The above embodiments illustrate a method for interleaving a precoded codebook, which enables the correspondence between CSI-RS and a portion of the antenna panel within a time unit. This allows the first device to transmit CSI-RS in a time-division scanning manner using different portions of the antenna panel in different time units, satisfying the transmission conditions of the sensing signal. This achieves multiplexing of CSI-RS in communication and sensing, improving transmission efficiency and reducing overhead. It is understood that this embodiment uses CSI-RS as an example for illustration; CSI-RS can also be other reference signals, and this application is not limited to these.

[0208] The following describes the apparatus embodiments corresponding to the method embodiments of this application. Only a brief description of the apparatus is provided below; for specific implementation steps and details, please refer to the preceding method embodiments.

[0209] To achieve the functions of the methods provided in this application, the communication device may include hardware structures and / or software modules, implementing the aforementioned functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules. Whether a particular function is implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or a combination of hardware structures and software modules depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0210] The following describes in detail, with reference to Figures 24 and 25, the communication apparatus used to perform the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0211] Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1000 includes a processor 1010 and a communication interface 1020. Optionally, the processor 1010 and the communication interface 1020 can be interconnected via a bus. The communication device 1000 can be a first device or a second device.

[0212] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may further include a memory 1040. The memory 1040 includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), cache, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), hard disk drive (HDD), registers, solid-state drive (SSD), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). The memory 1040 is used to store related instructions and / or data. The memory 1040 may be integrated with the processor 1010 or disposed separately.

[0213] Processor 1010 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. Processor 1010 may include one or more central processing units (CPUs), application processors, modem processors, graphics processors, image signal processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), video codec processors, controllers, or neural network processors. When processor 1010 is a CPU, the CPU can be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU. Processor 1010 can be a signal processor, a chip, or other integrated circuit capable of implementing the methods of this application, or a portion of the circuitry within the aforementioned processor, chip, or integrated circuit for processing functions. The processor in the embodiments of this application can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0214] The communication interface 1020 can be an input / output interface or an antenna. The input / output interface is used for inputting or outputting signals or data, or it can be an input / output circuit.

[0215] For example, the communication device 1000 is a first device, and the communication device 1000 is configured to perform the following operations: transmit CSI-RS, wherein the CSI-RS includes a first subset of CSI-RS and a second subset of CSI-RS, the time domain resources of the first subset of CSI-RS are a first time unit, and the time domain resources of the second subset of CSI-RS are a second time unit; the first subset of CSI-RS corresponds to antenna ports in a first set of antenna ports and antenna ports in a second set of antenna ports; the second subset of CSI-RS corresponds to antenna ports in a third set of antenna ports and antenna ports in a fourth set of antenna ports; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the first set of antenna ports belong to a first number set. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the third antenna port set belong to the third number set. The first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or columns of the first number matrix. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the second antenna port set belong to the second number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set belong to the fourth number set. The difference between corresponding elements in the first and second number sets is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third and fourth number sets is N1×N2, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas. The first number matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns, and the numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order.

[0216] For example, the communication device 1000 is a second device, and the communication device 1000 is configured to perform the following operations: receive CSI-RS, wherein the CSI-RS includes a first subset of CSI-RS and a second subset of CSI-RS, the time domain resources of the first subset of CSI-RS are a first time unit, and the time domain resources of the second subset of CSI-RS are a second time unit; the first subset of CSI-RS corresponds to antenna ports in a first antenna port set and antenna ports in a second antenna port set; the second subset of CSI-RS corresponds to antenna ports in a third antenna port set and antenna ports in a fourth antenna port set; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the first antenna port set belong to a first number set. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the third antenna port set belong to the third number set. The first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or columns of the first number matrix. The port numbers of the antenna ports in the second antenna port set belong to the second number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set belong to the fourth number set. The difference between corresponding elements in the first and second number sets is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third and fourth number sets is N1×N2, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas. The first number matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns, and the numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order.

[0217] The above description is for illustrative purposes only. The communication device 1000 is responsible for executing the methods or steps related to the first or second device in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0218] In one possible implementation, the communication interface 1020 can be a transceiver. The transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver, with the transmitter performing a transmission operation and the receiver performing a reception operation. For example, the processor 1010 is used to control the transceiver to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0219] In one possible implementation, the communication interface 1020 can also be a communication circuit, pins, input / output interfaces, bus, etc.

[0220] Communication device 1000 may include a transmitter but not a receiver. Alternatively, communication device 1000 may include a receiver but not a transmitter. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-described scheme performed by communication device 1000 includes both transmitting and receiving actions.

[0221] The above description is merely exemplary. For specific details, please refer to the methods illustrated in the above embodiments. The implementation of each operation in FIG24 can also correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments shown in FIG11 or FIG18. For example, the communication device 1000 can be used to execute the scheme shown in FIG11.

[0222] For example, the communication device 1000 is a first device, and the processor 1010 is used to determine a first number set, a second number set, a third number set, and a fourth number set. The first CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the first antenna port set and the antenna ports in the second antenna port set; the second CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the third antenna port set and the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the first antenna port set belong to the first number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the third antenna port set belong to the third number set. The first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or different columns of the first number matrix; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the second antenna port set belong to the second number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set belong to the fourth number set; the difference between corresponding elements in the first number set and the second number set is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third number set and the fourth number set is N1×N2, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first number matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns, and the numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order. The communication interface 1020 is used to transmit CSI-RS, which includes a first subset of CSI-RS and a second subset of CSI-RS. The time domain resources of the first subset of CSI-RS are first time units, and the time domain resources of the second subset of CSI-RS are second time units.

[0223] For example, the communication device 1000 is a second device, and the communication interface 1020 can be used to receive CSI-RS. The CSI-RS includes a first subset of CSI-RS and a second subset of CSI-RS. The time domain resources of the first subset of CSI-RS are a first time unit, and the time domain resources of the second subset of CSI-RS are a second time unit. Processor 1010 is used to determine a first number set, a second number set, a third number set, and a fourth number set. The first CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the first antenna port set and the antenna ports in the second antenna port set; the second CSI-RS subset corresponds to the antenna ports in the third antenna port set and the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the first antenna port set belong to the first number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the third antenna port set belong to the third number set; the first number set and the third number set belong to different rows or different columns of the first number matrix; the port numbers of the antenna ports in the second antenna port set belong to the second number set, and the port numbers of the antenna ports in the fourth antenna port set belong to the fourth number set; the difference between corresponding elements in the first number set and the second number set is N1×N2, and the difference between corresponding elements in the third number set and the fourth number set is N1×N2, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first number matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns, and the numbers in the first number matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order.

[0224] For details on other implementation methods, please refer to the detailed description of the embodiments shown in Figures 11 or 18 above, which will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the specific processes by which each component performs the corresponding processes described above have been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0225] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device 1100 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1100 can be a first device or a second device, or it can be a chip or module in the first device or the second device, used to implement the method involved in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 or Figure 18. Please refer to the relevant description in the above method embodiments for details.

[0226] The communication device 1100 includes a transceiver unit 1110. The transceiver unit 1110 will be described exemplarily below.

[0227] The transceiver unit 1110 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to perform the sending action of the communication device, and the receiving unit is used to perform the receiving action of the communication device. For ease of description, the sending unit and the receiving unit are combined into one transceiver unit in this embodiment. This will be explained uniformly here and will not be repeated later. The transceiver unit 1110 can implement the corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 1110 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication module.

[0228] The communication device 1100 may include a transmitting unit but not a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication device 1100 may include a receiving unit but not a transmitting unit. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-described scheme performed by the communication device 1100 includes both transmitting and receiving actions.

[0229] For example, the transceiver unit 1110 is used to send or receive first information, etc.

[0230] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may further include a processing unit 1120, which is used to perform the processing, coordination and other steps involved in the communication device 1100.

[0231] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may further include a processing unit 1120, which is used to perform the processing, coordination and other steps involved in the communication device 1100.

[0232] The above description is for illustrative purposes only. The communication device 1100 will be responsible for executing the relevant methods or steps in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0233] Optionally, the communication device 1100 further includes a storage unit 1130 for storing programs or code for executing the aforementioned methods. Alternatively, the storage unit 1130 can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing unit 1120 can read the instructions and / or data from the storage unit 1130 to enable the communication device 1100 to implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0234] For a detailed description of the implementation method, please refer to the embodiments shown in Figure 11 or Figure 18 above, which will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the specific processes by which each component performs the corresponding processes described above have been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0235] When the communication device 1000 in Figure 24 is a chip, the communication interface 1020 can be a transceiver, input / output circuit, or communication interface of the chip. The processor 1010 can be a processor integrated on the chip, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit. The transmitting operation of the first or second device in the above method embodiments can be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the first or second device in the above method embodiments can be understood as the input of the chip.

[0236] When the communication device 1100 in Figure 25 is a chip, the transceiver unit 1110 can be a transceiver, input / output circuit, or communication interface of the chip. The processing unit 1120 can be a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip. The transmitting operation of the first or second device in the above method embodiments can be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the first or second device in the above method embodiments can be understood as the input of the chip.

[0237] This application also provides a chip, including a processor, for calling and executing instructions stored in a memory, causing a communication device on which the chip is mounted to perform the methods in the examples above.

[0238] This application also provides another chip, including: an input interface, an output interface, and a processor, wherein the input interface, the output interface, and the processor are connected via an internal connection path, and the processor is used to execute code in a memory. When the code is executed, the processor is used to perform the methods in the examples described above. Optionally, the chip further includes a memory for storing computer programs or code.

[0239] This application also provides a processor for coupling with a memory, for performing the methods and functions related to the communication device in any of the above embodiments, or for performing the methods and functions related to the first or second device in any of the above embodiments.

[0240] In another embodiment of this application, a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions is provided, wherein when the computer program product is run, the method of the foregoing embodiments is implemented.

[0241] This application also provides a computer program that, when run, enables the implementation of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0242] In another embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program that, when run, implements the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0243] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device. The first device and the second device are respectively used to perform the methods performed by the first device and the second device in the foregoing embodiments.

[0244] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0245] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0246] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0247] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0248] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0249] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essential contributing part of the technical solution of this application, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: M first reference signals are sent, wherein the M first reference signals include a first reference signal subset and a second reference signal subset, the time domain resource of the first reference signal subset is a first time unit, the time domain resource of the second reference signal subset is a second time unit, and M is an integer greater than 1; The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the first reference signal subset belong to the first number set and the second number set; The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the second reference signal subset belong to the third number set and the fourth number set; The first set of numbers, the second set of numbers, the third set of numbers, and the fourth set of numbers satisfy: The first set of numbers and the third set of numbers belong to different rows or different columns of the first numbering matrix. The first numbering matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns. The numbers in the first numbering matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order. The difference between corresponding elements in the first set of numbers and the second set of numbers is N1×N2. The difference between corresponding elements in the third set of numbers and the fourth set of numbers is N1×N2. N1 and N2 are positive integers.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, N1 represents the number of horizontal antennas, and N2 represents the number of vertical antennas.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The M first reference signals belong to the same reference signal resource.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent in the time domain.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The M first reference signals are used for communication measurement and / or sensing.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive Channel State Information (CSI) report, which is obtained based on the M first reference signals.

8. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive M first reference signals, wherein the M first reference signals include a first reference signal subset and a second reference signal subset, the time domain resource of the first reference signal subset is a first time unit, the time domain resource of the second reference signal subset is a second time unit, and M is an integer greater than 1; The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the first reference signal subset belong to the first number set and the second number set; The antenna port numbers of the reference signals in the second reference signal subset belong to the third number set and the fourth number set; The first set of numbers, the second set of numbers, the third set of numbers, and the fourth set of numbers satisfy: The first set of numbers and the third set of numbers belong to different rows or different columns of the first numbering matrix. The first numbering matrix includes N1 rows and N2 columns. The numbers in the first numbering matrix are arranged in column-first, row-second order. The difference between corresponding elements in the first set of numbers and the second set of numbers is N1×N2. The difference between corresponding elements in the third set of numbers and the fourth set of numbers is N1×N2. N1 and N2 are positive integers.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, N1 represents the number of horizontal antennas, and N2 represents the number of vertical antennas.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The M first reference signals belong to the same reference signal resource.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, The first time unit and the second time unit are adjacent in the time domain.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, The M first reference signals are used for communication measurement and / or sensing.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that, The method further includes: A Channel State Information (CSI) report is transmitted, which is obtained based on the M first reference signals.

15. A communication method, characterized in that, include: Receive a third precoding codebook, which belongs to the second precoding codebook set; The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after interleaving the first precoding codebook set; The spatial basis of the codebooks in the first precoding codebook set is the Kronecker product of two oversampled Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrices.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set interleaved with the first precoding codebook set, including: The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set obtained by swapping rows and / or columns of the first precoding codebook set.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set interleaved with the first precoding codebook set, including: The interleaving satisfies the following relationship: The second precoding codebook set is obtained by reading the first matrix in column-first, then row-first order; The first matrix comprises N2 rows and N1*2 columns, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first matrix comprises four sub-matrices, the four sub-matrices having the same number of rows and columns; the elements in the first matrix are determined by writing the first precoding codebook set in the order of writing it into the sub-matrices first and then between the sub-matrices, wherein both within the sub-matrices and between the sub-matrices, the elements are written in the order of writing rows first and then columns.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: A reference signal is sent, which is used to determine the third precoding codebook and / or sensing.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

20. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The third precoding codebook is determined based on the second precoding codebook set; The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set after interleaving the first precoding codebook set; The spatial basis of the codebook in the first precoding codebook set is the Kronecker product of two oversampled Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrices. Send the third precoded codebook.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set interleaved with the first precoding codebook set, including: The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set obtained by swapping rows and / or columns of the first precoding codebook set.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The second precoding codebook set is the codebook set interleaved with the first precoding codebook set, and also includes: The interleaving satisfies the following relationship: The second precoding codebook set is obtained by reading the first matrix in column-first, then row-first order; The first matrix comprises N2 rows and N1*2 columns, where N1 is the number of horizontal antennas and N2 is the number of vertical antennas; the first matrix comprises four sub-matrices, the four sub-matrices having the same number of rows and columns; the elements in the first matrix are determined by writing the first precoding codebook set in the order of writing it into the sub-matrices first and then between the sub-matrices, wherein both within the sub-matrices and between the sub-matrices, the elements are written in the order of writing rows first and then columns.

23. The method according to any one of claims 20-22, characterized in that, The step of determining the third precoding codebook based on the second precoding codebook set includes: The third precoding codebook is determined based on the second precoding codebook set and the reference signal.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The reference signal is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

25. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a unit or module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, or a unit or module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 8 to 14.

26. A communication device, characterized in that, Including processors, When the processor executes the program instructions, it causes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 to be executed, or causes the method as described in any one of claims 8 to 14 to be executed.

27. The communication device according to claim 26, characterized in that, The communication device includes network equipment, terminal equipment, or a chip.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 19, or units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 24.

29. A communication device, characterized in that, Including processors, When the processor executes the program instructions, it causes the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 19 to be executed, or causes the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 24 to be executed.

30. The communication device according to claim 29, characterized in that, The communication device includes network equipment, terminal equipment, or a chip.

31. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 to be implemented, or cause the method of any one of claims 15 to 24 to be implemented.

32. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer instructions that, when executed, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 to be implemented, or cause the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 24 to be implemented.

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