Network node and control method

Abstract

A network node according to the present invention comprises: a reception unit that receives a QoS control request transmitted from an application function; and a control unit that interprets a computing requirement for computing resources included in the QoS control request and performs control based on the computing requirement.

Description

Network Node and Control Method

[0001] The present invention relates to a network node and a control method in a communication system.

[0002] In 3GPP (Registered Trademark) (3rd Generation Partnership Project), in order to achieve further increase in system capacity, further increase in data transmission speed, further reduction in latency in the radio section, etc., a wireless communication method called 5G or NR (New Radio) (hereinafter, this wireless communication method is referred to as "5G" or "NR") has been introduced. In 5G, various wireless technologies have been introduced in order to meet the requirement of achieving a throughput of 10 Gbps or more while reducing the latency in the radio section to 1 ms or less. In addition, the introduction of various network (NW) functions has been incorporated. Furthermore, research on 6G, which is a future communication system, is also being conducted.

[0003] In order to realize advanced services in 6G, it is required to shorten the user perceived latency including data processing time by closely linking the network and the computing processing infrastructure. In addition, an expansion of the processing capabilities of the terminal / cloud is also required.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a technology (In-Network Computing (INC)) in which a mobile network provides computing resources for users to replace the processing resources of the terminal or cloud with the resources of the network is being studied.

[0005] 3GPP TS 23.502 V18.7.0 (2024-09)

[0006] In order to provide a desired service by the computing resources deployed in INC, the computing process by the computing resources needs to meet the requirements corresponding to the service. It is assumed that the requirements are transmitted from the server providing the service to the network, for example.

[0007] However, conventional technologies lack a mechanism for interpreting the requirements related to computing processes. Therefore, conventional technologies cannot implement policy control based on the requirements related to computing processes.

[0008] This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to provide a technology that enables a network to perform policy control based on requirements related to computing processing.

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, a network node is provided comprising a receiving unit that receives a QoS control request transmitted from an application function, and a control unit that interprets the computing requirements for computing resources included in the QoS control request and performs control based on said computing requirements.

[0010] According to the disclosed technology, the network will be able to implement policy controls based on requirements related to computing processes.

[0011] This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system. This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment. This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a communication system in an embodiment of the present invention. This is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of the operation of a communication system in an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a network node 100 in an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a terminal 20 and a network node 100 in an embodiment of the present invention. This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to those described below.

[0013] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technologies may be used as appropriate. However, such existing technologies include, for example, existing LTE or existing NR, but are not limited to these.

[0014] First, in this embodiment, we will describe an example of a 5G core network configuration, which is an example of a network (NW) where computing resources may be deployed. Then, we will describe the configuration and operation according to this embodiment.

[0015] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system corresponding to a core network. As shown in Figure 1, this communication system consists of a UE (Terminal 20) and multiple network nodes. Hereafter, one network node will be assigned to each function, but one network node may implement multiple functions, or multiple network nodes may implement one function. Also, the "connection" described below may be a logical connection or a physical connection.

[0016] The (R)AN ((Radio) Access Network) 10 is a network node having radio access functionality, and may include a base station 10, and is connected to the UE 20, AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) 30, and UPF (User plane function) 40. The AMF 30 is a network node having functions such as termination of the RAN interface, termination of the NAS (Non-Access Stratum), registration management, connection management, reachability management, and mobility management. The UPF 40 is a network node having functions such as a PDU (Protocol Data Unit) session point to the outside, interconnected with the DN (Data Network), packet routing and forwarding, and user plane QoS (Quality of Service) handling. The UPF 40 and the DN constitute a network slice.

[0017] AMF30 is connected to UE20, (R)AN10, SMF (Session Management function)35, NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function), NEF (Network Exposure Function)60, NRF (Network Repository Function)50, UDM (Unified Data Management), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), PCF (Policy Control Function)80, and AF (Application Function)90. AMF30, SMF35, NSSF, NEF60, NRF50, UDM, AUSF, PCF80, and AF90 are network nodes that are interconnected via interfaces based on their respective services: Namf, Nsmf, Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Nudm, Nausf, Npcf, and Naf.

[0018] Furthermore, Figure 1 shows the NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function) 70. As shown in Figure 1, the NWDAF 70 can communicate with the AMF 30 and the like. In this embodiment, the NWDAF 70 can also communicate with (R)AN 10 (base station).

[0019] SMF35 is a network node with functions such as session management, IP (Internet Protocol) address allocation and management for UEs, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) functionality, ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) proxy, and roaming functionality. NEF60 is a network node with the function of notifying other NFs (Network Functions) of capabilities and events. NSSF is a network node with functions such as selecting the network slice to which UE20 connects, determining the allowed NSSAI (Network Slice Selection Assistance Information), determining the NSSAI to be set, and determining the AMF set to which UE20 connects. PCF80 is a network node with the function of controlling network policy. AF90 is a network node with the function of controlling application servers. AF90 may also be an application server. AF90 may also be called an application function. NRF50 is a network node with the function of discovering NF instances that provide services. The UDM is a network node that manages subscriber data and authentication data. The UDM is connected to the UDR (User Data Repository) that holds this data.

[0020] NWDAF70 is a network node that collects and analyzes data from NF (Network Function) or OAM (Operation, Administration and Management). As described above, NWDAF70 can also collect data from (R)AN10. OAM may also be called the maintenance, operation and management function.

[0021] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in a roaming environment. As shown in Figure 2, the network consists of a terminal 20 (UE) and multiple network nodes.

[0022] SEPP is an opaque proxy that filters control plane messages between PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Networks). In Figure 2, vSEPP is SEPP in the visited network, and hSEPP is SEPP in the home network.

[0023] As shown in Figure 2, UE20 is in a roaming environment connected to (R)AN and AMF30 in the Visited PLMN. The Visited PLMN and Home PLMN are connected via vSEPP and hSEPP. UE20 can communicate with the UDM of the Home PLMN, for example, via the AMF of the Visited PLMN.

[0024] (Regarding the challenges) As mentioned above, in order to realize advanced services with 6G, it is necessary to shorten the user's perceived latency, including data processing time, by having the network and computing processing infrastructure work closely together. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand the processing capacity of terminals and the cloud.

[0025] To address the above challenges, technologies are being explored that replace terminal or cloud processing resources with network resources (In-Network Computing (INC)) by providing computing resources to users via the mobile network.

[0026] In INC, for example, the following use cases consisting of (1) to (3) can be envisioned.

[0027] (1) The user is connected to an XR (Extended Reality) service provided by a third party on a mobile device.

[0028] (2) The processing resources of the user's terminal are insufficient, or the processing resources of the third-party server are insufficient, so the third party is unable to provide high-quality service to the user.

[0029] (3) A user or third party requests an INC service from the network. Upon receiving this request, the network implements a policy change for the user terminal to make network resources available for processing XR services and provides the INC service.

[0030] In the use case described above, the third party requests INC services from the network. It is assumed that the XR service sends communication delays or "computation processing requirements such as data processing delays" to the network, and the network then modifies its policies based on this information to provide INC services.

[0031] However, in conventional technology, there is no mechanism for the network to interpret the requirements related to the latter computing process. Therefore, in conventional technology, the network cannot implement policy control based on the requirements related to computing processing.

[0032] (Outline of Embodiment) In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment implements the following extensions so that the network can control QoS based on computing-related requirements transmitted from AF90 to the network. Note that "network" is assumed to be the 3GPP® core network (NW), but is not limited to the 3GPP® core network.

[0033] In this embodiment, the network node is equipped with a network information disclosure function 65 and a policy control function 85.

[0034] AF90 transmits computing requirements to the network information disclosure function 65. The network information disclosure function 65 forwards the computing requirements to the policy control function 85. The policy control function 85 interprets the computing requirements, determines the content of the QoS control regarding computing on the computing resources, and executes the QoS control.

[0035] (System Configuration Example) Figure 3 shows an example of the configuration of the communication system in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 3, the communication system in this embodiment includes (R)AN10, UE20, AMF30, UPF40, NRF50, network information disclosure function 65, NWDAF70, policy control function 85, computing resource 95, and AF90. Note that the core NW shown in Figure 3 includes each of the network nodes shown in Figure 1, but for the sake of illustration, only some of the network nodes are shown in Figure 3.

[0036] Figure 3 also shows the INC control function 96. The INC control function 96 is a network node that controls the deployment of computing resources for INC services based on requests from UE20 or AF90. Note that the policy control function 85 may include the INC control function 96, or the INC control function 96 may include the policy control function 85.

[0037] In the example shown in Figure 3, the computing resource 95 is located outside the core network, but the computing resource 95 may also be located inside the core network. The UPF 40 is connected to the computing resource 90.

[0038] AF90 is, for example, a third-party application server that provides XR services. Computing resource 95 is, for example, computing resources on the cloud (e.g., virtual machines, containers, etc.).

[0039] The network information disclosure function 65 may be an NEF 60 or a new network node. Similarly, the policy control function 85 may be a PCF 80 or a new network node.

[0040] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 3, AF90 communicates with the policy control function 65 via the network information disclosure function 65. However, if AF90 is, for example, a trusted network node, AF90 may communicate directly with the policy control function 65 without going through the network information disclosure function 65.

[0041] (Operation Example) Referring to FIG. 4, an operation example of the communication system in the present embodiment will be described. First, the premise of this operation example will be explained. As the premise of this operation example, the situation of the use case described above is assumed.

[0042] That is, in this operation example, UE 20 connects to the XR service provided by AF 90. However, since the processing resources of AF 90 are not sufficient, AF 90 alone cannot provide a high-quality service for users.

[0043] Therefore, UE 20 or AF 90 issues a request to the INC control function 96 to make the resources in the network (core NW or a network outside the core NW) available for the processing of the XR service. The INC control function 96 deploys the computing resource 95 for the user of UE 20 based on the request. Deploying the computing resource 95 may, for example, store a container (program) in a virtual machine on the cloud and start the container.

[0044] In order for the computing resource 95 to provide an XR service for users, it is necessary to perform QoS control to meet appropriate communication requirements and appropriate computing requirements. FIG. 4 shows the processing sequence for that QoS control.

[0045] Note that the QoS control may be performed simultaneously with the control for deploying the computing resource 95, or the QoS control may be performed separately from the control for deploying the computing resource 95. Referring to FIG. 4, the processing procedure of the QoS control will be described.

[0046] <S101> In S101, AF 90 transmits a QoS control request to the network information disclosure function 65.

[0047] The QoS control request includes communication requirements and computing requirements. Note that only one of the communication requirements and the computing requirements (e.g., computing requirements) may be included.

[0048] The communication requirement is, for example, the communication quality (e.g., 5QI, upper limit value of communication delay time) required in the communication path between the computing resource 95 and the UE 20.

[0049] The computing requirement is a requirement in the computing resource 95 necessary for appropriately providing services to a user (UE 20) by the computing resource 95. The computing requirement may be, for example, at least any one of the following (1) to (3), or may be other than the following (1) to (3).

[0050] (1) Upper limit value of data processing delay (e.g., image processing delay) allowed in the computing resource 95 (2) Amount of resources in the computing resource 95 (e.g., number of CPUs, memory capacity) (3) Amount of processing per unit time executed by the computing resource 95 (e.g., number of frames processed per unit time in video) <S102> In S102, the network information disclosure function 65 approves the QoS control request received from the AF 90. For example, the network information disclosure function 65 may determine whether to approve the QoS control request based on the name of the operator operating the AF 90.

[0051] <S103> In S103, the network information disclosure function 65 transfers the QoS control request received from the AF 90 to the policy control function 85. As described above, the QoS control request includes communication requirements and computing requirements.

[0052] <S104> In S104, the policy control function 85 makes a determination about the QoS control request based on the received QoS control request. For example, the policy control function 85 interprets the communication requirements and computing requirements included in the received QoS control request, and determines whether it is possible to perform control that satisfies the communication requirements and control that satisfies the computing requirements. Also, the policy control function 85 determines the content of the control for satisfying the communication requirements and the content of the control for satisfying the computing requirements. Here, it is assumed that these controls are possible.

[0053] <S105, S106> In S105, the policy control function 85 transmits the decision result to the network information disclosure function 65.

[0054] In S106, the network information disclosure function 65 returns a response to the QoS control request to AF90. This response may include the judgment result described above.

[0055] <After S104, S106> After S104, the policy control function 85 performs QoS control based on communication requirements and QoS control based on computing requirements.

[0056] In QoS control based on communication requirements, the policy control function 85 sets, for example, the communication requirements (e.g., required communication quality) for the UE20's communication to the UPF40 via the SMF35.

[0057] In QoS control based on computing requirements, the policy control function 85 sets computing requirements (e.g., upper limit of data processing delay time) for the computing resource 95.

[0058] In S106, the policy control function 85 notifies the network information disclosure function 65 of the status of QoS control. Here, assuming that QoS control is complete, the policy control function 85 notifies the network information disclosure function 65 that QoS control is complete.

[0059] <S107> In S107, the network information disclosure function 65 sends a QoS control completion notification to AF90.

[0060] (Effects of the Embodiment) According to the technology of this embodiment, the network becomes capable of interpreting requirements related to computing processing, and as a result, the network can perform policy control based on the requirements related to computing processing.

[0061] (Device Configuration) Next, we will describe an example of the functional configuration of the network information disclosure function 65 and the policy control function 85, which perform the processing and operations described above. We will also describe an example of the functional configuration of the terminal 20. Hereinafter, the network nodes such as the network information disclosure function 65 and the policy control function 85 will be collectively referred to as "network node 100".

[0062] <Network Node 100> Figure 5 shows an example of the functional configuration of network node 100.

[0063] As shown in Figure 5, the network node 100 includes a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 5 is merely an example. Any functional classification and functional unit names are acceptable as long as they enable the operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 or other network node and transmitting the signal by wire or wireless. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 or other network node and obtaining information from the received signal, for example, information of a higher layer. A communication unit including the transmitting unit 110 and the receiving unit 120 may be configured.

[0065] The setting unit 130 stores pre-configured setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The control unit 140 controls the network node 100. The signal transmission function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120. The transmission unit 110 and the reception unit 120 may also be called the transmitter and receiver, respectively.

[0066] <Terminal 20> Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20. As shown in Figure 6, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Figure 6 is merely an example. Any functional classification and functional unit names are acceptable as long as they enable the operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The transmitting unit 210 creates a transmission signal from the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires signals from higher layers from the received physical layer signals. The receiving unit 220 has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals or reference signals transmitted from network nodes. A communication unit including the transmitting unit 210 and the receiving unit 220 may be configured.

[0068] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from network nodes by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores pre-configured setting information.

[0069] The control unit 240 controls the terminal 20. The signal transmission function of the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and the signal reception function of the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220. The transmission unit 210 and the reception unit 220 may also be called the transmitter and receiver, respectively.

[0070] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (Figures 5 and 6) used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may be realized by combining the one device or the multiple devices with software.

[0071] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0072] For example, the network node 100 and terminal 20 in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as computers that process the communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the network node 100 and terminal 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The network node 100 and terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as computer devices including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0073] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the network node 100 and the terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured to omit some of the devices.

[0074] Each function in the network node 100 and terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of data reading and writing in the storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0075] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140, control unit 240, etc., described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0076] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 140 of the network node 100 shown in Figure 5 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Also, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in Figure 6 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Although the above-described processes have been explained as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may also be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0077] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing a communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray® disk), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may also be a database, server, or other suitable medium that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0079] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting and receiving antenna, amplifier section, transmitting and receiving section, transmission path interface, etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving section may be implemented in a physically or logically separated manner, with a transmitting section and a receiving section.

[0080] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0081] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0082] Furthermore, the network node 100 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0083] Figure 8 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 8, vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013. For example, a network node 100 or a terminal 20 may be included in the communication module 2013.

[0084] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0085] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0086] Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 for sensing motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals acquired by rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals acquired by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals acquired by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0087] The Information Service Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The Information Service Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0088] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0089] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via the communication port 2033 between the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0090] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, terminal, network node, etc.

[0091] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc., may also be called input units that accept input.

[0092] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external device in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2029, etc., provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0093] Furthermore, if the communication module 2013 includes a network node 100 (or terminal 20), the communication module 2013 can perform the operations of the aforementioned network node 100 (or terminal 20).

[0094] This specification discloses at least the configurations described in the following appendix.

[0095] <Notes> (Note 1) A network node comprising: a receiving unit that receives a QoS control request transmitted from an application function; and a control unit that interprets the computing requirements for a computing resource included in the QoS control request and performs control based on said computing requirements. (Note 2) The network node according to Note 1, wherein the QoS control request is transmitted from the application function to a network information disclosure function, and the receiving unit receives the QoS control request from the network information disclosure function. (Note 3) The network node according to Note 2, further comprising: a transmitting unit that notifies the network information disclosure function of the status of the QoS control performed by the control unit. (Note 4) The network node according to Note 1, wherein the computing resource is a computing resource that provides services to users as an alternative to the application function. (Note 5) A control method executed by a network node, comprising: receiving a QoS control request transmitted from an application function; and interpreting the computing requirements for a computing resource included in the QoS control request and performing control based on said computing requirements.

[0096] According to any of the appendices 1 through 5, the network can implement policy control based on requirements related to computing processes. According to appendices 2 and 3, information regarding external application functions and QoS control requests can be sent and received via the network information disclosure function. According to appendice 4, QoS control related to computing processes can be performed on computing resources deployed as substitutes for application functions.

[0097] (Supplement to Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, substitutions, etc. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and matters described in two or more items may be used in combination as necessary, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. The operation of multiple functional units may be physically performed by one part, or the operation of one functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. The processing procedures described in the embodiments may be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For the convenience of explaining the processing, the network node 100 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the EES 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in any suitable storage medium such as random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or other appropriate storage medium.

[0098] Furthermore, notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling), broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0099] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure refers to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 may apply to at least one system utilizing UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate systems, and to next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. Alternatively, multiple systems may be applied in combination (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0100] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be reordered, provided they are consistent with each other. For example, the methods described herein present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0101] In this specification, specific operations performed by the base station 10 ((R)AN10) may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 can be performed by the base station 10 and at least one of the other network nodes (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0102] The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0103] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0104] The determination in this disclosure may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0105] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0106] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0107] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0108] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0109] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0110] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0111] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0112] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "base station equipment", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0113] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0114] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform control or operation based on the information.

[0115] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0116] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0117] At least one of the network node 100 and the terminal 20 may be called a transmitting device, receiving device, communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object, and its speed of movement is arbitrary. This also includes the case when the mobile body is stationary. The mobile body includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted on them. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operation commands. The mobile body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0118] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the terminals 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0119] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal described above.

[0120] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), or ascertaining. “Determining” may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0121] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0122] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0123] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0124] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0125] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0126] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0127] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0128] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0129] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0130] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way.

[0131] 10 Base station ((R)AN) 20 Terminal (UE) 30 AMF 35 SMF 40 UPF 50 NRF 60 NEF 65 Network information disclosure function 70 NWDAF 85 Policy control function 90 Computing resources 95 OAM 100 Network node 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Configuration unit 140 Control unit 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Configuration unit 240 Control unit 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device

Claims

1. A network node comprising: a receiving unit that receives a QoS control request sent from an application function; and a control unit that interprets the computing requirements for computing resources included in the QoS control request and performs control based on those computing requirements.

2. The network node according to claim 1, wherein the QoS control request is transmitted from the application function to the network information disclosure function, and the receiving unit receives the QoS control request from the network information disclosure function.

3. The network node according to claim 2, further comprising a transmission unit that notifies the network information disclosure function of the status of the QoS control performed by the control unit.

4. The network node according to claim 1, wherein the computing resource is a computing resource that provides services to users as an alternative to the application function.

5. A control method executed by a network node, comprising the steps of: receiving a QoS control request sent from an application function; and interpreting computing requirements for computing resources included in the QoS control request and performing control based on said computing requirements.

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