Power supply system and vehicle

Abstract

A power supply system and a vehicle. The power supply system comprises: an enclosure, a battery and at least one purification device. The battery and the purification device are both arranged in the enclosure. The enclosure comprises at least one exhaust port, an exhaust end of the purification device is connected to the exhaust port of the enclosure, and the exhaust end of the purification device is also in communication with a first cavity of a housing of the purification device.

Description

Power supply system, vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510010726.1, filed on January 3, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of electric vehicle battery component technology, and more particularly to a power supply system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] Electric vehicle batteries may experience thermal runaway under conditions such as overheating, overcharging, compression, and collisions, which can lead to fires and explosions in severe cases. Besides the dangers of high temperatures and instantaneous high voltage, thermal runaway also generates large amounts of particulate matter and gases, posing significant risks to the environment and the health of passengers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure proposes a power supply system and vehicle capable of filtering gases, particulate matter, and harmful substances generated by battery thermal runaway, thereby improving the cleanliness of the airflow discharged from the housing.

[0005] In a first aspect, a power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes: a housing, a battery, and at least one purification device. Both the battery and the purification device are disposed within the housing. The housing includes an exhaust port, the exhaust end of the purification device is connected to the exhaust port of the housing, and the exhaust end of the purification device also communicates with a first cavity of the housing of the purification device.

[0006] In some embodiments of the power supply system disclosed herein, a purification device is installed at the exhaust port of the enclosure. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the generated gas and particulate matter can be filtered through the purification device. The gas inside the enclosure is discharged from the enclosure after being treated by the purification device, thereby improving the cleanliness of the discharged airflow.

[0007] In some embodiments, a fastener is connected to a first end of the first sidewall of the housing of the purification device. The fastener is connected to the housing, and the first opening of the first sidewall communicates with the exhaust port of the housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes: an air duct disposed within the housing, the exhaust end of the air duct being connected to the exhaust port of the housing; and a purification device located within the air duct, with a first opening in the first sidewall being connected to the exhaust port of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the power supply system further includes an exhaust valve, which is disposed on the outside of the enclosure and connected to an exhaust port.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least one exhaust port includes multiple exhaust ports, at least one purification device includes multiple purification devices, one of the multiple purification devices is correspondingly connected to one of the multiple exhaust ports, and the number of purification devices is less than or equal to the number of exhaust ports.

[0011] In some embodiments, the purification device includes a housing and a filter assembly. The housing includes a first sidewall that forms a first cavity. The first sidewall has a first end and a second end opposite each other along a predetermined direction. The first end of the first sidewall has a first opening that communicates between the first cavity and the outside of the housing. The first sidewall also includes a plurality of first through holes that communicate between the first cavity and the outside of the housing. The first sidewall of the housing is configured to filter first particulate matter.

[0012] The main body of the filter assembly is disposed within the first cavity. The main body includes a second cavity that communicates with the first cavity and is connected to the outside of the housing through a first opening. The filter assembly is configured to filter a second type of particulate matter. The minimum diameter of the first particulate matter is greater than the maximum diameter of the second particulate matter.

[0013] In some embodiments, the main body of the filter assembly includes a second sidewall and a filter structure. The second sidewall forms a second cavity and includes a plurality of second through holes communicating with the first cavity and the second cavity. The filter structure surrounds the second sidewall and contacts the inner surface of the first sidewall.

[0014] In some embodiments, the filter structure also contacts the outer surface of the second sidewall.

[0015] In some embodiments, the diameter or equivalent diameter of any of the plurality of second through holes is greater than the diameter or equivalent diameter of any of the plurality of first through holes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the size of the filter structure is less than or equal to the size of the second sidewall along a predetermined direction. The filter structure covers a plurality of second through holes.

[0017] In some embodiments, the size of the filter structure is less than or equal to the size of the first sidewall along a preset direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the filter structure includes a first filter element surrounding a second sidewall, the first filter element contacting the inner surface of the first sidewall and covering a plurality of first through-holes. The first filter element is configured to filter second particulate matter. The porosity of the material of the first filter element is greater than or equal to 90%.

[0019] In some embodiments, the filter structure includes a second filter element surrounding a second sidewall, the second filter element being located between the second sidewall and a first filter element. The second filter element satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter element is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air, or the second filter element is configured to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second filter element is in contact with the outer wall of the second sidewall.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sum of the thicknesses of the first filter element and the second filter element is equal to the distance between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.

[0022] In some embodiments, the outer boundary shape of the cross-section of the second sidewall, the first filter element, and the second filter element includes a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first filter element, the second filter element, and the second sidewall satisfy at least one of the following: the size of the first filter element is the same as or substantially the same as the size of the second sidewall along a preset direction; and the size of the second filter element is the same as or substantially the same as the size of the second sidewall along a preset direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second sidewall has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a predetermined direction, and the filter assembly further includes a first engaging member and a second engaging member. The first engaging member is annular, and its inner wall is connected to the first end of the second sidewall. The second engaging member is annular, and its inner wall is connected to the second end of the second sidewall. The filter structure has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a predetermined direction. Along the predetermined direction, the distance between the first engaging member and the second engaging member is greater than or equal to the size of the filter structure.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first engaging member and the second engaging member satisfy at least one of the following: the inner wall of the first engaging member is coplanar with the outer wall of the second sidewall; and the inner wall of the second engaging member is coplanar with the outer wall of the second sidewall. The inner diameter of the engaging members at both ends of the frame is the same as the inner diameter of the frame body.

[0026] In some embodiments, the filter structure, the first latching member, and the second latching member satisfy at least one of the following: a first end of the filter structure is in contact with the first latching member; and a second end of the filter structure is in contact with the second latching member.

[0027] In some embodiments, the second engaging member is located within the first cavity, the outer wall of the second engaging member matches the shape of the inner wall of the first sidewall, and the outer wall of the second engaging member contacts the first sidewall.

[0028] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes: a fixing member, one end of which is connected to a first end of a first sidewall. The fixing member has a second opening that communicates with the first opening at the first end of the first sidewall. The fixing member includes: a first recess disposed on the inner wall of the second opening, and a first engaging member located on the side of the first recess away from the first sidewall and in contact with the first recess.

[0029] In some embodiments, the shape of the inner wall of the first recess matches the shape of the inner wall of the first sidewall. Along a predetermined direction, the size of the first recess is the same as or substantially the same as the size of the first engaging member.

[0030] In some embodiments, along a preset direction, the sum of the distance between the first engaging member and the second engaging member and the size of the second engaging member is less than the distance between the first recess and the second end of the second sidewall.

[0031] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the sum of the distance between the first engaging member and the second engaging member and the size of the second engaging member, and the distance between the second end of the first recess and the second sidewall, along a preset direction, is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0032] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes a pressure relief component disposed on one side of the first sidewall along a preset direction and connected to a second end of the first sidewall. The pressure relief component is configured to open and release pressure when the air pressure in the first cavity is greater than or equal to a set threshold, so as to maintain the air pressure in the first cavity within a set range.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pressure relief assembly includes a first connector and a pressure-resistant member. The first connector is annular and includes a first end and a second end opposite each other along a predetermined direction. The first end of the first connector is connected to the second end of a first sidewall. The pressure-resistant member is connected to the second end of the first connector. The pressure-resistant member has a pressure resistance value greater than or equal to 4 kPa and less than or equal to 6 kPa.

[0034] In some embodiments, the pressure relief assembly further includes: a second connector, the second connector being ring-shaped, connected to a second end of a first connector, and the outer wall of the second connector being coplanar with the outer wall of the first connector. The inner wall of the second connector matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connector, and the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second connector is smaller than the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first connector.

[0035] The pressure-resistant component satisfies one of the following: the pressure-resistant component is disposed on the side of the second connector away from the first connector and is connected to the second connector; or, the pressure-resistant component is disposed inside the first connector; the surface of the pressure-resistant component away from the first sidewall is connected to the second connector, and the outer wall of the pressure-resistant component is in contact with the inner wall of the second connector.

[0036] In some embodiments, the housing further includes a third connector, which is annular and connected to a second end of the first sidewall. A first connector surrounds the third connector and is connected to it.

[0037] The pressure-resistant component satisfies one of the following: the pressure-resistant component is located at the end of the second connector of the pressure relief assembly away from the third connector; or, the pressure-resistant component is located between the second connector and the third connector, and the two opposite sides of the pressure-resistant component along a preset direction are in contact with the second connector and the third connector respectively.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fastener further includes a second recess disposed on the inner wall of the second opening, the second recess surrounding the first recess and being further away from the first sidewall than the first recess.

[0039] The purification device further includes a first seal disposed on the surface of the second recess away from the first sidewall, the first seal being annular.

[0040] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the first seal matches the shape of the side wall of the second recess, and the outer wall of the first seal contacts the side wall of the second recess.

[0041] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes a second seal, which is annular. The second seal is disposed within the first cavity and located between the filter structure and the second end of the first sidewall.

[0042] The second seal, the first cavity, and the second cavity satisfy at least one of the following: the diameter or equivalent diameter of the outer wall of the second seal is the same as or approximately the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first cavity; or, the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second seal is the same as or approximately the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second cavity.

[0043] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes a third seal, which is annular. The third seal is disposed within the first connector and located between the pressure-resistant member and the second end of the first sidewall.

[0044] The third seal surrounds the first connector and contacts the second end of the first sidewall. The outer wall of the third seal matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connector, and the outer wall of the third seal contacts the inner wall of the first connector.

[0045] The inner wall of the third seal matches the shape of the outer wall of the third connector, and the inner wall of the third seal contacts the outer wall of the third connector; or, the third seal is disposed between the second connector and the third connector, and contacts the third connector.

[0046] Secondly, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a vehicle body and the aforementioned power supply system, the power supply system being disposed within the vehicle body.

[0047] The above-described vehicle has the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the power supply system provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a purification device according to some embodiments;

[0049] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the housing according to some embodiments;

[0050] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a filtering component according to some embodiments;

[0051] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a filtering component according to some embodiments;

[0052] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the second sidewall, the first engaging member, and the second engaging member of the filter structure according to some embodiments;

[0053] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second seal according to some embodiments;

[0054] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first seal according to some embodiments;

[0055] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a pressure relief assembly according to some embodiments;

[0056] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pressure relief assembly and the housing according to some embodiments;

[0057] Figure 10 is a structural diagram of another housing according to some embodiments;

[0058] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the third seal according to some embodiments;

[0059] Figure 12 is a structural diagram of a power supply system according to some embodiments. 100—Power supply system; 10—Purification device; 20—Box; 201—Exhaust port; 30—Battery; 40—Air passage; 50—Exhaust valve; 1—Shell; 11—First side wall; 111—First through hole; 12—Third connector; Q1—First cavity; K1—First opening; 2—Filter assembly; 2A—Main body; 21—Second side wall; 211—Second through hole; Q2—Second cavity; 22—Filter structure; 221—First filter element; 222—Second filter element; 223—Third filter element; 2B—First engaging element; 2C—Second engaging element; 3—Fixing element; 31—First recess; 32—Second recess; K2—Second opening; 4—Pressure relief assembly; 41—First connector; 42—Pressure-resistant element; 43—Second connector; 5—First sealing element; 6—Second sealing element; 7—Third sealing element. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0062] The related technology proposes a battery pack structure that can ensure that hot gas can be smoothly discharged from the pressure relief mechanism when the battery is thermally runaway, suppress the casing from bursting and improve the safety performance of the battery, but does not involve the treatment of particulate matter and harmful gases generated by the cell after thermal runaway.

[0063] The related technology also proposes a battery thermal runaway early warning calibration method, which solves the technical problem of false alarms in the early warning signal during thermal runaway. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the probability of issuing a correct early warning is greatly improved by applying this method. That is, the early warning signal will not be falsely triggered when there is no thermal runaway. However, it does not treat the particulate matter and harmful gases generated after thermal runaway.

[0064] Therefore, a better method is needed to find a comprehensive treatment system for particulate matter and harmful gases generated after thermal runaway of electric vehicles, so as to ensure that the safety performance of electric vehicles and their battery systems can be further effectively controlled and guaranteed.

[0065] To address the aforementioned problems, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a power supply system 100 and a vehicle.

[0066] For ease of understanding, the purification device 10, power supply system 100, and vehicle of some embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] The purification device 10 and power supply system 100 in some embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to vehicles, as well as other means of transportation such as airplanes or ships. The following description uses an application to a vehicle as an example to illustrate some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0068] This disclosure provides a purification device 10 through some embodiments.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the purification device 10 includes a housing 1 and a filter assembly 2.

[0070] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the housing 1 includes a first sidewall 11, which forms a first cavity Q1. The first sidewall 11 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a predetermined direction X. The first end of the first sidewall 11 has a first opening K1, which connects the first cavity Q1 with the outside of the housing 1. The first sidewall 11 also includes a plurality of first through holes 111, which connect the first cavity Q1 with the outside of the housing 1. The first sidewall 11 of the housing 1 is configured to filter first particulate matter.

[0071] As shown in Figure 1, the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is disposed within the first cavity Q1. The main body 2A includes a second cavity Q2, which communicates with the first cavity Q1 and is connected to the outside of the housing 1 through a first opening K1. The filter assembly 2 is configured to filter second particulate matter. For example, the minimum diameter of the first particulate matter is greater than the maximum diameter of the second particulate matter.

[0072] For example, the first through hole 111 on the first sidewall 11 can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, or a hole of other shapes (e.g., trapezoidal, parallelogram, pentagonal, hexagonal, star-shaped, etc.). The diameter or equivalent diameter (the maximum diameter of a sphere that can pass through) of the first through hole 111 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 3 mm).

[0073] When the first through hole 111 is a round hole, the diameter of the round hole is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm; when the first through hole 111 is a rectangular hole, the minimum width of the rectangle is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm; when the first through hole 111 is a hole of other shapes, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 111 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0074] In this way, when the airflow passes through the first sidewall 11 and enters the first cavity Q1, the first particles with a size range of 1mm to 3mm are blocked on the outside of the shell 1, and the first particles carried in the airflow are filtered out during the process of the airflow entering the first cavity Q1.

[0075] For example, the diameter of the second particulate matter ranges from 0.1 micrometers to 1 micrometer.

[0076] By setting up the filter component 2, particulate matter (e.g., particles with a diameter greater than 1 micrometer) carried in the airflow can be further filtered and removed, thereby reducing the concentration of particulate matter carried in the gas discharged after passing through the purification device 10.

[0077] In some embodiments of this disclosure, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first opening K1 of the housing 1 connects the first cavity Q1 to the outside of the housing 1, and the second cavity Q2 of the filter assembly 2 connects to the first cavity Q1 of the housing 1. External gas can enter the first cavity Q1 through multiple first through holes 111 on the first sidewall 11 of the housing 1, then enter the second cavity Q2 from the first cavity Q1, and finally exit from the first opening K1 of the housing 1. The connection between the second cavity Q2 of the filter assembly 2 and the first cavity Q1 of the housing 1 ensures that the airflow filtered by the housing 1 for the first time can enter the filter assembly 2 for secondary filtration, further filtering and removing smaller particles in the airflow, so that the concentration of particulate matter in the airflow discharged after treatment by the purification device 10 can be reduced to the target value.

[0078] The first sidewall 11 serves as the air intake surface of the purification device 10, and the first opening K1 at the first end of the first sidewall 11 serves as the exhaust port of the purification device. When the airflow enters the first cavity Q1 through the multiple first through holes 111 on the first sidewall 11, the first through holes 111 can initially intercept larger particles in the airflow, allowing only small particles and airflow to pass through, thus achieving the first filtration. During the process of the airflow entering the first cavity Q1, it undergoes preliminary filtration through the multiple first through holes 111, intercepting larger particles, reducing the burden on the filter assembly 2, and preventing the filter assembly 2 from being blocked by large particles.

[0079] As the gas that has undergone one filtration in the first chamber Q1 enters the second chamber Q2 of the filter assembly 2, small particles in the airflow will be filtered by the filter assembly 2. Only the airflow enters the second chamber Q2 of the filter assembly 2. The gas that has undergone a second filtration by the filter assembly 2 is discharged from the purification device 10 through the first opening K1, so that the airflow after being treated by the purification device 10 will not carry particulate matter, thereby improving the cleanliness of the discharged airflow.

[0080] For example, the difference between the minimum diameter of the first particle and the maximum diameter of the second particle, and the maximum diameter of the first particle, satisfy at least one of the following: the difference between the minimum diameter of the first particle and the maximum diameter of the second particle is greater than or equal to a first threshold; or, the ratio of the difference between the minimum diameter of the first particle and the maximum diameter of the second particle to the maximum diameter of the first particle is greater than or equal to a second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold.

[0081] Different types of pollutants (such as dust and chemical gases) have different particle diameters. The first through-hole 111 on the outer casing 1 and the filter assembly 2 can perform graded filtration of particles of different sizes. The first through-hole 111 on the first sidewall 11 of the outer casing 1 first filters the larger particles (first particles). Thus, the gas entering the first chamber Q1 is pre-filtered gas carrying smaller particles (second particles). Next, the filter assembly 2 performs a second filtration of the smaller particles, further removing particulate matter from the gas. By adjusting the first threshold, second threshold, and third threshold, the filtration standards can be adjusted according to actual needs, allowing the purification device to adapt to various environments and usage scenarios, enhancing the system's flexibility and adaptability.

[0082] By setting the diameter difference between the first and second particles to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, the filter assembly 2 can effectively distinguish and filter particles of different diameters. This design improves the filtration accuracy of the purification device 10, thereby effectively removing harmful substances from the air that threaten the health of occupants. Setting the ratio of the diameter difference to the maximum diameter of the first particle further ensures the filtration performance of the purification device 10. Only when the diameter difference of the particles reaches a certain proportion can the system maintain good airflow while effectively filtering. This design balances filtration effect and airflow resistance, ensuring smooth airflow without causing excessive pressure loss.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 includes a second sidewall 21 and a filter structure 22. The second sidewall 21 forms a second cavity Q2 and includes a plurality of second through holes 211, which connect the first cavity Q1 and the second cavity Q2. The filter structure 22 surrounds the second sidewall 21 and contacts the inner surface of the first sidewall 11.

[0084] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the airflow entering the purification device 10 undergoes a first filtration upon entering the first cavity Q1. The airflow entering the second cavity Q2 from the first cavity Q1 undergoes a second filtration through the filter structure 22, further removing particulate matter. The gas filtered by the filter structure 22 passes through multiple second through-holes 211 on the second sidewall 21 into the second cavity Q2 enclosed by the second sidewall 21, and then exits through the first opening K1 of the first sidewall 11, thus achieving secondary filtration of the airflow.

[0085] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the gas entering the purification device 10 passes through the first through-hole 111 of the first sidewall 11 on the outside of the housing 1 and enters the first cavity Q1. It then continues to pass through the filter structure 22 and enters the second cavity Q2. During this process, the flowing air impacts the filter structure 22. The second sidewall 21 in the filter assembly 2 provides support for the filter structure 22, ensuring it remains in its set position and does not shift under the impact of the airflow, thus guaranteeing the filtration effect. The design of the through-holes (including the first through-hole 111 and the second through-hole 211) prevents excessive resistance to the airflow, helping to maintain good ventilation and avoiding reduced processing efficiency due to airflow blockage.

[0086] The filter structure 22 surrounds the second sidewall 21 and contacts the inner surface of the first sidewall 11. This design increases the filtration area of ​​the filter assembly 2. A larger contact area between the first sidewall 11 and the filter structure 22 increases the contact area between the airflow and the filter structure 22 simultaneously, thereby enhancing the filtration efficiency of the filter structure 22. Furthermore, the contact between the filter structure 22 and the inner surface of the first sidewall 11 effectively prevents airflow from bypassing the filter through the gap between the first sidewall 11 and the filter structure 22, ensuring that the airflow completely passes through the filter assembly 2. This design improves the stability of the purification device 10 and reduces the risk of unfiltered gas emissions.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter structure 22 is also in contact with the outer surface of the second sidewall 21.

[0088] This design ensures that airflow does not create dead zones within the filter assembly 2, preventing gas from bypassing the filter structure 22 unfiltered. This all-around contact design ensures that every part of the airflow is properly treated, improving the overall reliability and filtration efficiency of the purification device 10.

[0089] The filter structure 22, which is in contact with the inner surface of the first sidewall 11 and tightly integrated with the second sidewall 21, enhances the structural stability of the entire filter assembly 2, preventing component displacement or deformation under high flow rates or high pressures. Furthermore, it optimizes the airflow path, ensuring a more uniform distribution of airflow as it passes through the filter structure 22. This helps maintain the long-term performance of the filter assembly 2 and extends its service life.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the diameter or equivalent diameter of the second through hole 211 is larger than the diameter or equivalent diameter of the first through hole 111.

[0091] The second through hole 211 on the second side wall 21 of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is to ensure that the gas in the first cavity Q1 can flow into the second cavity Q2 continuously and stably. Under the premise of ensuring the support force of the second side wall 21 on the filter structure 22, the size of the second through hole 211 can be as large as possible. A larger second through hole 211 can ensure the flow of air and prevent the processing efficiency from decreasing due to excessive airflow resistance.

[0092] This design reduces pressure loss as airflow passes through filter assembly 2. After the airflow undergoes initial filtration in the first chamber Q1, the larger diameter of the second through-hole 211 smoothly guides the airflow into the next stage of processing, ensuring that the gas maintains a stable flow state during the filtration process.

[0093] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter structure 22 covers a plurality of second through holes 211.

[0094] The filter structure 22 covers multiple second through holes 211 on the second side wall 21, which can ensure that all gas entering the second cavity Q2 is filtered by the filter structure 22. In this way, the filtration effect of the filter structure 22 on the gas can be maximized, and gas that has not been treated by the filter structure 22 is prevented from being directly discharged after entering the second cavity Q2, ensuring that every part of the airflow is fully filtered.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the size of the filter structure 22 along the preset direction X is less than or equal to the size of the second sidewall 21.

[0096] It should be noted that, along the preset direction X, the dimension of a component can refer to the height or thickness of that component.

[0097] The size of the filter structure 22 is smaller than or equal to the size of the second sidewall 21, meaning that the filter structure 22 can effectively accommodate and cover the entire filtration area in terms of height, thereby enhancing the removal capacity of small particles. This design ensures that the gas is fully filtered before being discharged, improving safety. Furthermore, it ensures that the filter structure 22 can be securely installed inside the purification device 10 without wasting space, improving the overall structural stability of the device and preventing loosening or displacement due to size mismatch.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the size of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is less than or equal to the size of the first sidewall 11 along a preset direction X.

[0099] The main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is disposed in the first cavity Q1 enclosed by the first side wall 11 of the housing 1. Therefore, the size of the main body 2A along the preset direction X can be the same as or smaller than the size of the first cavity Q1 along the preset direction X. Regardless of the size of the main body 2A, the gas entering the first cavity Q1 can fully contact the filter structure 22 of the filter assembly 2, ensuring the filtration effect of the filter assembly 2 on the gas entering the second cavity Q2 from the first cavity Q1.

[0100] For example, as shown in FIG1, the size of the filter structure 22 along the preset direction X is less than or equal to the size of the first sidewall 11.

[0101] In conjunction with the foregoing embodiments, the purification device 10 includes a housing 1 and a filter assembly 2, which is assembled inside the housing 1. The housing 1 and the filter assembly 2 in different specifications of purification devices 10 have different sizes.

[0102] For example, as shown in Figure 1, taking the cylindrical shape of both the housing 1 and the filter assembly 2 as an example, the height of the cylinder is called the height of the housing 1 and the filter assembly 2, and the diameter of the cylinder is called the width of the housing 1 and the filter assembly 2.

[0103] Thus, when the width of the first cavity Q1 of the housing 1 matches the width of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2, and the height of the first cavity Q1 of the housing 1 is greater than or equal to the height of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2, the filter assembly 2 can be installed inside the housing 1.

[0104] In this way, the same housing 1 can be matched and assembled with various filter components 2 of different specifications, and all of them can ensure the filtration effect on the gas entering the purification device 10. When either the housing 1 or the filter component 2 in the purification device 10 needs to be replaced, there are more replacement options available, and in the event of a sudden damage to the housing 1 or the filter component 2 in the purification device 10, alternative parts can be found more quickly.

[0105] To clearly illustrate the structure of the filter assembly 2, only a portion of the filter structure 22 is shown in Figure 3. In reality, the filter structure 22 completely surrounds the second sidewall 21 in the filter assembly 2. Furthermore, while there is a gap between the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 in Figure 3, in the actual filter structure 22, the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 can also be tightly attached together.

[0106] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter structure 22 includes a first filter element 221 surrounding a second sidewall 21, the first filter element 221 contacting the inner surface of the first sidewall 11 and covering a plurality of first through holes 111. The first filter element 221 is configured to filter second particulate matter. The porosity of the material of the first filter element 221 is greater than or equal to 90%.

[0107] For example, the material of the first filter element 221 has a plurality of micropores, the diameter of which ranges from 0.1 μm to 1 μm.

[0108] The first filter element 221 has good air permeability and filtration capacity, and can filter and adsorb small particles with an equivalent diameter greater than 0.1 micrometers that remain after the initial filtration by the shell 1. After the airflow passes through the shell 1 and enters the first cavity Q1, some particles (particles with a size larger than the micropore diameter) carried in the airflow will be blocked by the first filter element 221 and accumulate on the outer surface of the first filter element 221 or in the first cavity Q1.

[0109] When airflow passes through the first filter element 221, its flow rate is not reduced due to excessive resistance, while effectively intercepting smaller particles and preventing them from entering the second filter element 222. The first filter element 221 is covered with multiple first through-holes to ensure that the airflow does not bypass the filter material during passage. This design ensures that all airflow is filtered, effectively removing particulate matter from the air.

[0110] The first filter element 221 is closely attached to the inner surface of the first sidewall 11 and does not cover the multiple first through holes 111 on the first sidewall 11. This ensures that the first particulate matter is filtered out of the housing 1 and does not enter the first cavity Q1, preventing particulate matter accumulation in the first cavity Q1 from affecting the gas flow between the first cavity Q1 and the second cavity Q2. This ensures that the filter assembly 2 can effectively perform secondary filtration of the gas in the first cavity Q1. By selecting a suitable material, the porosity of the material of the first filter element 221 is kept within a certain range. While ensuring the filtration effect on the second particulate matter, it also ensures that the airflow can smoothly pass through the first filter element 221 and enter the second cavity Q2. This ensures that the gas entering the purification device 10 still has good fluidity and guarantees the filtration effect of the purification device 10.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter structure 22 further includes a second filter element 222 surrounding the second sidewall 21, the second filter element 222 being located between the second sidewall 21 and the first filter element 221. The second filter element 222 satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter element 222 is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air and convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances.

[0112] For example, the material of the second filter element 222 satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter element 222 is made of activated carbon material for adsorbing harmful gases; and the second filter element 222 includes a porous multilayer mesh support made of a substrate with a certain strength, such as ceramic, alumina, or metal, as a substrate, and a catalyst such as zirconium oxide or manganese oxide is coated on the surface of the substrate for harmless conversion of harmful substances. Of course, the second filter element 222 may also use other materials or structures; this is only an example of some possible embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0113] As one possible implementation, the second filter 222 can absorb at least one of organic matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the gas, or convert at least one of organic matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the gas into at least one of carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.

[0114] The second filter element 222 can specifically treat harmful chemicals in the gas. After the airflow passes through the first filter element 221, it flows to the second filter element 222. Some particulate matter (particulate matter smaller than the diameter of the micropores) carried in the airflow will be blocked by the second filter element 222 and accumulate on the outer surface of the second filter element 222 or between the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222, and will not enter the second cavity Q2. In addition, the second filter element 222 can also absorb and catalyze harmful gases in the airflow, filtering or converting harmful gases carried in the airflow into harmless substances.

[0115] The first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 in the filter structure 22 form a graded filtration system, achieving a comprehensive purification effect. The first filter element 221 is specifically designed to filter smaller particulate matter, while the second filter element 222 is mainly responsible for adsorbing and converting harmful chemicals. This design ensures that when processing airflow, particulate matter is physically filtered first, and then chemical pollutants in the gas are treated, improving overall purification efficiency. The gas that has passed through the shell 1 for preliminary filtration flows into the first cavity Q1. Small particulate matter in the airflow will be adsorbed on the outside of the first filter element 221, and harmful gases will also be adsorbed on the inside of the second filter element 222, or catalyzed into harmless gases. The gas then flows into the second cavity Q2 and exits through the first opening K1 to the purification device 10, ensuring that the gas discharged through the purification device 10 is clean gas that does not carry particulate matter or harmful gases.

[0116] The function of the second filter element 222 is to adsorb and transform harmful chemicals, ensuring that the emitted gases are not only free of particulate matter but also harmless to the environment. This design helps protect the health of passengers, reduces environmental impact, and improves the overall safety of electric vehicles.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the second filter element 222 is in contact with the outer wall of the second sidewall 21.

[0118] The second filter element 222 contacts the outer wall of the second sidewall 21, which helps to form a good seal and prevents airflow from leaking from the gap between the filter element 222 and the second sidewall 21. This ensures that all airflow must pass through the second filter element 222 before entering the second cavity Q2, thereby guaranteeing the filtration structure 22's ability to filter and remove small particulate matter and harmful substances from the gas. Furthermore, the airflow can maximize its contact with the filter material as it passes through, improving the removal efficiency of particulate matter and harmful gases. This comprehensive contact design effectively captures and adsorbs harmful chemicals in the air, ensuring the safety of the emitted gas.

[0119] For example, the sum of the thicknesses of the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 is equal to the distance between the first sidewall 11 and the second sidewall 21.

[0120] The sum of the thicknesses of the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 is equal to the distance between the first sidewall 11 and the second sidewall 21, ensuring that the filter assembly 2 can be perfectly embedded inside the purification device 10. This precise matching not only facilitates installation but also reduces looseness between components, enhancing the stability of the overall structure. This structural design allows the filter assembly 2 to maintain consistent performance under different operating conditions, ensuring effective gas treatment even when airflow speed and pressure change. The reasonable arrangement of the thickness of the filter assembly 2 allows the system to adapt to different environmental requirements in actual use.

[0121] Furthermore, because the thickness of the filter assembly 2 matches that of the first chamber Q1, users can more easily replace or clean the filter assembly 2 when needed. No adjustments to other components are required, reducing maintenance complexity and improving the usability and user experience of the purification device 10.

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the outer boundary shape of the cross-section of the second sidewall 21, the first filter element 221, and the second filter element 222 includes a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

[0123] Taking the main body of the purification device 10 as a hollow cylinder as an example, that is, both the shell 1 and the filter assembly 2 are cylindrical structures. The first side wall 11 of the shell 1 and the second side wall 21 of the filter assembly 2 are both hollowed out, forming a first through hole 111 and a second through hole 211. The second side wall 21 is used to support the filter structure 22. The cylindrical design can provide more contact area and sufficient support strength for the covering of the filter structure 22 in a limited space.

[0124] The first filter element 221 is located outside and in close contact with the second filter element 222. Both the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 are cylindrical. The cylindrical design can provide more effective usable area within a certain space, that is, it can provide a more sufficient filtration area for the first filter element 221 and provide more dust holding capacity, thereby providing a larger purification volume for the second filter element 222.

[0125] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the dimensions of the first filter element 221, the second filter element 222, and the second sidewall 21 satisfy at least one of the following: along a preset direction X, the dimensions of the first filter element 221 are the same as or substantially the same as the dimensions of the second sidewall 21; and along a preset direction X, the dimensions of the second filter element 222 are the same as or substantially the same as the dimensions of the second sidewall 21.

[0126] The dimensions of the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222 are the same as or approximately the same as the dimensions of the second sidewall 21. This further ensures that the filter assembly 2 can be stably and reliably installed within the housing 1, maximizing the filtration area and allowing the airflow to fully contact the filter elements, thus improving the filtration effect. This design ensures that a higher proportion of particulate matter and harmful gases are effectively removed, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the emitted gas. Furthermore, this design eliminates the gap between the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222, enhancing the seal and helping to prevent airflow leakage, ensuring that the gas entering the second cavity Q2 is all filtered gas from the filter assembly 2. The tight connection between the first filter element 221 and the second filter element 222, the inner sidewall of the first sidewall 11, and the outer sidewall of the second sidewall 21 improves the stability of the overall structure, preventing displacement or deformation under high flow rates or high loads.

[0127] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the second sidewall 21 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a preset direction X. The filter assembly 2 further includes a first engaging member 2B and a second engaging member 2C. The first engaging member 2B is annular, and its inner wall is connected to the first end of the second sidewall 21. The second engaging member 2C is annular, and its inner wall is connected to the second end of the second sidewall 21. The filter structure 22 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a preset direction X. The distance between the first engaging member 2B and the second engaging member 2C along the preset direction X is greater than or equal to the size of the filter structure 22.

[0128] The first locking element 2B and the second locking element 2C are circumferentially connected to both ends of the second sidewall 21, which helps to ensure the stability of the filter assembly 2 during use. This fixed design prevents the filter assembly 2 from shifting or loosening under the impact of airflow, ensuring that it always remains in the predetermined position and improving the reliability of the overall device.

[0129] The distance between the first locking element 2B and the second locking element 2C is greater than or equal to the size of the filter structure 22. This provides sufficient space for the installation of the filter structure 22, allowing it to operate flexibly under different airflow conditions. This design ensures that the filter assembly 2 can adapt to various environments and load changes, enhancing the system's adaptability. The locking element design (first locking element 2B and second locking element 2C) ensures that the filter structure 22 is fitted around the second sidewall 21 and restricts its movement, thereby optimizing the airflow channel. When the airflow passes through the filter assembly 2, it will not cause uneven airflow distribution due to the movement of the filter structure 22, ensuring that each part of the airflow can fully contact the filter material, improving purification efficiency. The fixed design allows the filter element to effectively cover the entire filtration area, reducing the leakage of unfiltered airflow. This design ensures that all incoming gas must be filtered, thereby significantly improving the removal efficiency of particulate matter and harmful gases.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first latching member 2B and the second latching member 2C satisfy at least one of the following: the inner wall of the first latching member 2B is coplanar with the outer wall of the second side wall 21; and the inner wall of the second latching member 2C is coplanar with the outer wall of the second side wall 21.

[0131] The inner diameter of the locking parts (first locking part 2B and second locking part 2C) is the same as or approximately the same as the inner diameter of the second side wall 21. In this way, while ensuring the effective connection between the locking parts and the second side wall 21, it also ensures that the gas in the second cavity Q2 will not be blocked by the locking parts when it flows out of the second cavity Q2, thus preventing the airflow from being obstructed.

[0132] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter structure 22, the first latching member 2B, and the second latching member 2C satisfy at least one of the following: the first end of the filter structure 22 is in contact with the first latching member 2B; and the second end of the filter structure 22 is in contact with the second latching member 2C.

[0133] At least one end of the filter structure 22 surrounding the second sidewall 21 is in contact with a locking member (first locking member 2B or second locking member 2C). On the one hand, this can limit the position of the filter structure 22 and prevent it from moving under the impact of airflow and deviating from the set position, thus ensuring the filtration effect. On the other hand, when both ends of the filter structure 22 are in contact with the locking member, it can also ensure that the gas entering the second cavity Q2 is filtered by the filter structure 22, thus ensuring the filtration effect of the filter structure 22 on the gas.

[0134] For example, the end of the filter structure 22 that contacts the engaging member can be fixed by adhesive.

[0135] In this way, while the locking element restricts the movement of the filter structure 22, it also provides a flat seal, ensuring that gas cannot enter the second cavity Q2 from the contact surface between the filter structure 22 and the locking element. That is, gas entering the first cavity Q1 will not enter the second cavity Q2 without passing through the filter structure 22, ensuring that the gas discharged from the second cavity Q2 is clean gas filtered by the filter assembly 2.

[0136] In some embodiments, the second engaging member 2C is located inside the first cavity Q1, the outer wall of the second engaging member 2C matches the shape of the inner wall of the first side wall 11, and the outer wall of the second engaging member 2C is in contact with the first side wall 11.

[0137] This design allows the end of the filter assembly 2 located inside the first cavity Q1 to be tightly attached to the first side wall 11, restricting the movement of the filter assembly 2 and thus fixing the filter assembly 2.

[0138] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the purification device 10 further includes a fixing member 3, one end of which is connected to the first end of the first sidewall 11. The fixing member 3 has a second opening K2, which communicates with the first opening K1 at the first end of the first sidewall 11. The fixing member 3 includes a first recess 31 disposed on the inner wall of the second opening K2, and a first engaging member 2B located on the side of the first recess 31 away from the first sidewall 11 and in contact with the first recess 31.

[0139] The fastener 3 is used to fix the purification device 10 in a set position. The fastener 3 can be integrally formed with the first side wall 11 or connected and fixed to form an integral structure.

[0140] The second opening K2 on the fixing member 3 serves as the exhaust port of the purification device 10 and is connected to the first cavity Q1 formed by the first side wall 11, and is also connected to the second cavity Q2 of the filter assembly 2. In this way, external gas enters the first cavity Q1 through the first side wall 11, then enters the second cavity Q2 through the filter assembly 2, and is discharged after passing through the first opening K1 and the second opening K2.

[0141] A first recess 31 is formed on the inner wall of the second opening K2. The first recess 31 is used to fix the filter assembly 2. The first engaging member 2B of the filter assembly 2 overlaps on the first recess 31, and the second engaging member 2C is in close contact with the inner wall of the first side wall 11, thereby fixing the filter assembly 2 to the housing 1.

[0142] In some embodiments, the shape of the inner wall of the first recess 31 matches the shape of the inner wall of the first side wall 11. Along a predetermined direction X, the size of the first recess 31 is the same as or approximately the same as the size of the first engaging member 2B.

[0143] By matching the outer dimensions of the first recess 31 with those of the first snap-fit ​​component 2B, a flat mounting surface can be provided for the first snap-fit ​​component 2B. At the same time, the first snap-fit ​​component 2B can be fixed in the first recess 31, restricting the position of the first snap-fit ​​component 2B and preventing the filter assembly 2 from moving due to movement of the first snap-fit ​​component 2B.

[0144] In some embodiments, along a preset direction X, the sum of the distance between the first latching member 2B and the second latching member 2C and the size of the second latching member 2C is less than the distance between the first recess 31 and the second end of the second sidewall 21.

[0145] The overall height (dimension along the preset direction X) of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is less than the distance between the first recess 31 and the second end of the second sidewall 21, providing sufficient space for the filter structure 22 to be installed in the housing 1.

[0146] For example, as shown in FIG6, the purification device 10 further includes a second sealing member 6, which is annular. The second sealing member 6 is disposed within the first cavity Q1 and located between the filter structure 22 and the second end of the first sidewall 11. The second sealing member 6, the first cavity Q1, and the second cavity Q2 satisfy at least one of the following: the diameter or equivalent diameter of the outer wall of the second sealing member 6 is the same as or substantially the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first cavity Q1; or, the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second sealing member 6 is the same as or substantially the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second cavity Q2.

[0147] The overall height (dimension along the preset direction X) of the main body 2A of the filter assembly 2 is less than the distance between the first recess 31 and the second end of the second side wall 21. This ensures the fit and installation of the filter structure 22 within the housing 1, and also leaves space for the second seal 6 to be installed between the filter element and the housing 1.

[0148] The second seal 6 can be a sealing gasket, which can be a non-metallic, compressible annular sealing gasket. When the filter assembly 2 is installed in the housing 1, the second seal 6 is compressed by 50% ± 10%, thereby ensuring the seal between the filter assembly 2 and the second end of the housing 1, effectively preventing untreated airflow from flowing out.

[0149] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the fixing member 3 further includes a second recess 32 disposed on the inner wall of the second opening K2, the second recess 32 surrounding the first recess 31, and the second recess 32 being further away from the first sidewall 11 than the first recess 31. As shown in FIG7, the purification device 10 further includes a first sealing member 5 disposed on the surface of the second recess 32 away from the first sidewall 11, the first sealing member 5 being annular.

[0150] As exemplarily shown in FIG7, the fastener 3 further includes a plurality of connecting holes surrounding the second opening K2. The connecting holes are used to achieve a fixed connection with the purification device 10. The connecting holes can be threaded holes or smooth holes.

[0151] The first sealing element 5 can be a sealing gasket, which can be a non-metallic, compressible annular sealing gasket. When the purification device 10 is fixed to the housing 20 of the power supply system 100 (for specific connection methods, please refer to the description of the power supply system 100 below, which will not be repeated here), it can be compressed by 50% ± 10% to ensure the seal between the filter component 2 and the housing 1, and between the housing 1 and the housing 20 of the power supply system 100, effectively preventing untreated airflow from flowing out of the purification device 10.

[0152] For example, the outer wall of the first seal 5 matches the shape of the side wall of the second recess 32, and the outer wall of the first seal 5 is in contact with the side wall of the second recess 32.

[0153] For example, along the preset direction X, the absolute value of the difference between the sum of the distance between the first latching member 2B and the second latching member 2C and the size of the second latching member 2C, and the distance between the first recess 31 and the second end of the second sidewall 21 is greater than or equal to 2mm.

[0154] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the purification device 10 further includes a pressure relief assembly 4, which is disposed on one side of the first sidewall 11 along a preset direction X and connected to the second end of the first sidewall 11. The pressure relief assembly 4 is configured to open and release pressure when the air pressure in the first cavity Q1 is greater than or equal to a set threshold, so that the air pressure in the first cavity Q1 is maintained within a set range.

[0155] By setting the pressure relief component 4, the air flow rate discharged from the second chamber Q2 is less than the air flow rate entering the first chamber Q1 from the outside. That is, when the purification device 10 cannot provide sufficient ventilation, the pressure inside the purification device 10 increases. When the pressure increases to a set threshold, the pressure relief component 4 opens to release pressure, so that the air pressure in the first chamber Q1 is kept within the set range, ensuring the safety of the purification device 10.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the pressure relief assembly 4 includes a first connector 41 and a pressure-resistant component 42. The first connector 41 is annular and includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a predetermined direction X. The first end of the first connector 41 is connected to the second end of the first sidewall 11. The pressure-resistant component 42 is connected to the second end of the first connector 41. The pressure resistance value of the pressure-resistant component 42 is greater than or equal to 4 kPa and less than or equal to 6 kPa.

[0157] Pressure-resistant component 42 includes, but is not limited to, a pressure-resistant membrane, the material of which has high temperature and high humidity resistance.

[0158] For pressure-resistant membranes of the same material, the thickness is directly proportional to the pressure resistance; the thicker the membrane, the higher the pressure resistance. Furthermore, pressure-resistant membranes of different materials may have different pressure resistance values ​​at the same thickness. By selecting at least one type of pressure-resistant membrane with different thicknesses and materials, different pressure resistance values ​​can be achieved. This allows the membrane to rupture when the internal pressure of the purification device 10 exceeds or equals a set threshold, enabling a large outflow of gas and achieving pressure relief. The thickness of the pressure-resistant membrane can be adaptively designed according to actual needs.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the pressure relief assembly 4 further includes a second connector 43, which is ring-shaped and connected to the second end of the first connector 41. The outer wall of the second connector 43 is coplanar with the outer wall of the first connector 41. The inner wall of the second connector 43 matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connector 41, and the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second connector 43 is smaller than the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first connector 41.

[0160] For example, the pressure-resistant component 42 is disposed on the side of the second connector 43 away from the first connector 41 and is connected to the second connector 43; or, the pressure-resistant component 42 is disposed inside the first connector 41; the surface of the pressure-resistant component 42 away from the first sidewall 11 is connected to the second connector 43, and the outer wall of the pressure-resistant component 42 is in contact with the inner wall of the second connector 43.

[0161] By providing a second connector 43, sufficient space is provided for the bonding of the pressure-resistant component 42. The pressure-resistant component 42 may have an adhesive backing, which is used to bond it to the second connector 43. The bonded portion is guaranteed to remain secure and airtight throughout the vehicle's service life.

[0162] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the housing 1 further includes a third connector 12, which is annular and connected to the second end of the first sidewall 11. A first connector 41 surrounds the third connector 12 and is connected to it. A pressure-resistant member 42 is located at the end of the second connector 43 away from the third connector 12; or, the pressure-resistant member 42 is located between the second connector 43 and the third connector 12, and the opposite sides of the pressure-resistant member 42 along a predetermined direction X are in contact with the second connector 43 and the third connector 12, respectively.

[0163] The third connector 12 and the first connector 41 can be threaded together, so that the pressure relief component 4 can be replaced quickly and conveniently when the pressure-resistant component 42 is damaged and needs to be replaced.

[0164] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the purification device 10 further includes a third sealing member 7, which is annular. The third sealing member 7 is disposed within the first connecting member 41 and located between the pressure-resistant member 42 and the second end of the first sidewall 11. The third sealing member 7 surrounds the first connecting member 41 and contacts the second end of the first sidewall 11. The outer wall of the third sealing member 7 matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connecting member 41, and the outer wall of the third sealing member 7 contacts the inner wall of the first connecting member 41. The inner wall of the third sealing member 7 matches the shape of the outer wall of the third connecting member 12, and the inner wall of the third sealing member 7 contacts the outer wall of the third connecting member 12; or, the third sealing member 7 is disposed between the second connecting member 43 and the third connecting member 12, and contacts the third connecting member 12.

[0165] When the third seal 7 is disposed between the second connector 43 and the third connector 12, the end of the third seal 7 away from the housing 1 may be in contact with the pressure-resistant membrane, or in contact with the second connector 43 that fixes the pressure-resistant membrane, or in contact with both the second connector 43 and the pressure-resistant membrane.

[0166] The third seal 7 can be a sealing gasket, which can be a non-metallic, compressible annular sealing gasket. When the pressure relief assembly 4 is tightened and assembled with the housing 1, the third seal 7 is compressed by 50% ± 10%, thereby ensuring the seal between the pressure relief assembly 4 and the housing 1 and effectively preventing the outflow of untreated airflow.

[0167] Some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a vehicle.

[0168] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes a vehicle body and a power supply system 100, wherein the power supply system 100 is disposed within the vehicle body.

[0169] As shown in Figure 12, the power supply system 100 includes: a housing 20, a battery, and a purification device 10. Both the battery and the purification device 10 are housed within the housing 20. The housing 20 includes an exhaust port 201, the exhaust end of the purification device 10 is connected to the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20, and the exhaust end of the purification device 10 is connected to the first cavity Q1 of the housing 1 of the purification device 10.

[0170] Taking ternary lithium batteries as an example, when a ternary lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, it brings the dangers of high temperature and instantaneous high pressure, and also generates a large amount of particulate matter and gas. The main gaseous components include CO, H2, CO2, C2H4, and CH4. Among these, CO is the most abundant gaseous component. Furthermore, the emitted particulate matter accounts for approximately 20% to 30% of the mass of a single battery cell. These emissions pose a significant risk to the environment and the health of drivers and passengers.

[0171] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a purification device 10 is installed at the exhaust port 201 inside the housing 20. The purification device 10 is sealed to the inner wall of the housing 20. After the battery in the housing 20 experiences thermal runaway, the airflow generated must first be filtered by the purification device 10 before being discharged outside the housing 20. The CO generated by the battery thermal runaway is converted into CO2 after passing through the filter component 2 of the purification device 10. C2H4 and CH4 are converted into water and CO2, respectively. The gas discharged from the housing 20 does not carry harmful gases, ensuring the personal safety of the occupants. The H2 generated by the battery thermal runaway is converted into water in the purification device 10, preventing the gas discharged from the housing 20 from carrying flammable and explosive substances that could pose a safety hazard to the vehicle. The nitrogen oxides and other combustion-supporting substances generated by the battery thermal runaway can also be converted into water and nitrogen in the purification device 10, effectively preventing the gas discharged from the housing 20 from carrying combustion-supporting substances that could pose a safety hazard to the vehicle.

[0172] The purification device 10 can intercept and adsorb particulate matter in the airflow, and can also adsorb or catalyze harmful gases in the airflow, so that the gas discharged outside the housing 20 after thermal runaway is free of particulate matter, non-toxic and harmless. In addition, the purification device 10 is arranged inside the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20, which will not make significant changes to the original internal space of the housing 20, nor will it add any components to the outside of the housing 20. While achieving the purification and filtration of the gas discharged from the housing 20, it will not increase the volume of the power supply system 100.

[0173] In addition, when the amount of gas generated by the battery thermal runaway is large, and the gas flow rate discharged by the purification device 10 through the first opening K1 is less than the gas flow rate generated by the battery thermal runaway, the purified gas flow rate discharged by the purification device 10 through the first opening K1 cannot provide sufficient gas relief. At this time, the pressure inside the housing 20 and the purification device 10 will gradually increase. Before the gas pressure reaches the pressure limit of the purification device 10, the pressure-resistant component 42 of the pressure relief component 4 of the purification device 10 will rupture, forming an airflow passage to ensure timely and rapid pressure relief and prevent excessive internal pressure from causing an explosion.

[0174] Through the above structural design, the primary filtration of the outer shell 1 of the purification device 10 and the secondary filtration of the filter component 2 are combined to form a graded filtration system, ensuring efficient and high-quality removal of particulate matter from the airflow. Furthermore, the rationally designed opening and through-hole structure ensures unobstructed airflow and avoids potential blockages, thereby improving the safety and effectiveness of the entire system. This graded treatment mechanism not only solves the environmental pollution problem after battery thermal runaway but also protects the health of passengers and meets the increasingly stringent safety requirements of the electric vehicle market.

[0175] In some embodiments, a fixing member 3 is connected to the first end of the first side wall 11 of the housing 1 of the purification device 10, the fixing member 3 is connected to the housing 20, and the first opening K1 of the first side wall 11 is connected to the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20; or, the power supply system 100 further includes: an air passage 40 disposed in the housing 20, the exhaust end of the air passage 40 being connected to the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20; the purification device 10 is located in the air passage 40, and the first opening K1 of the first side wall 11 is connected to the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20.

[0176] The purification device 10 can be installed in a flexible location. It can be installed directly at the exhaust port 201 of the housing 20 or inside the air duct 40 of the housing 20.

[0177] In some embodiments, the power supply system 100 further includes an exhaust valve 50, which is disposed on the outside of the housing 20 and connected to the exhaust port 201.

[0178] By setting an exhaust valve 50, when the air pressure inside the box 20 exceeds a set threshold, the exhaust valve 50 opens to release pressure, preventing the box from bursting due to excessive air pressure inside the box 20.

[0179] In some embodiments, the housing 20 includes a plurality of exhaust ports 201 and a plurality of purification devices 10, wherein one purification device 10 is connected to one exhaust port 201, and the number of purification devices 10 is less than or equal to the number of exhaust ports 201.

[0180] The number of purification devices 10 can be the same as the number of exhaust ports 201 of the housing 20. This ensures that all gas inside the housing 20 is discharged after passing through the purification devices 10, guaranteeing that the discharged gas is clean gas free of particulate matter and harmful substances after purification and filtration. It is understandable that even if the number of purification devices 10 is less than the number of exhaust ports 201 of the housing 20, it can still effectively purify and filter the gas discharged from the housing 20.

Claims

A power supply system (100) includes: The housing (20) includes at least one exhaust port (201); A battery (30) is disposed inside the housing (20); as well as At least one purification device (10) is disposed inside the housing (20); the exhaust end of the purification device (10) is connected to the exhaust port (201) of the housing (20); the exhaust end of the purification device (10) is also connected to the first cavity (Q1) of the housing (1) of the purification device (10). The power supply system (100) according to claim 1 satisfies at least one of the following: The first end of the first sidewall (11) of the housing (1) of the purification device (10) is connected to a fixing member (3), the fixing member (3) is connected to the box body (20), and the first opening (K1) of the first sidewall (11) is connected to the exhaust port (201) of the box body (20); or, The power supply system (100) also includes: An air duct (40) is disposed inside the housing (20); the exhaust end of the air duct (40) is connected to the exhaust port (201) of the housing (20); the purification device (10) is located inside the air duct (40), and the first opening (K1) of the first side wall (11) is connected to the exhaust port (201) of the housing (20). The power supply system (100) according to claim 1 or 2 further includes: An exhaust valve (50) is located on the outside of the housing (20) and connected to the exhaust port (201). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The at least one exhaust port (201) includes a plurality of exhaust ports (201), the at least one purification device (10) includes a plurality of purification devices (10), one of the plurality of purification devices (10) is correspondingly connected to one of the plurality of exhaust ports (201), and the number of purification devices (10) is less than or equal to the number of exhaust ports (201). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The purification device (10) includes: A housing (1) includes a first sidewall (11) forming a first cavity (Q1). The first sidewall (11) has a first end and a second end opposite each other along a predetermined direction (X). The first end of the first sidewall (11) has a first opening (K1) communicating with the first cavity (Q1) and the outside of the housing (1). The first sidewall (11) also includes a plurality of first through holes (111) communicating with the first cavity (Q1) and the outside of the housing (1). The first sidewall (11) is configured to filter first particulate matter. A filter assembly (2); the main body (2A) of the filter assembly (2) is disposed in the first cavity (Q1); the main body (2A) includes a second cavity (Q2), the second cavity (Q2) communicates with the first cavity (Q1), and the second cavity (Q2) communicates with the outside of the housing (1) through the first opening (K1); the filter assembly (2) is configured to filter a second particulate matter; The minimum diameter of the first particle is greater than the maximum diameter of the second particle. According to the power supply system (100) of claim 5, wherein, The main body (2A) of the filter assembly (2) includes: A second sidewall (21) surrounds the second cavity (Q2); the second sidewall (21) includes a plurality of second through holes (211), the plurality of second through holes (211) connecting the first cavity (Q1) and the second cavity (Q2); and A filter structure (22) surrounds the second sidewall (21); the filter structure (22) is in contact with the inner surface of the first sidewall (11). According to the power supply system (100) of claim 6, wherein, The filter structure (22) is also in contact with the outer surface of the second sidewall (21). The power supply system (100) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The diameter or equivalent diameter of any of the plurality of second through holes (211) is greater than the diameter or equivalent diameter of any of the plurality of first through holes (111). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein, Along the preset direction (X), the size of the filter structure (22) is less than or equal to the size of the second sidewall (21); The filter structure (22) covers the plurality of second through holes (211). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein, Along the preset direction (X), the size of the filter structure (22) is less than or equal to the size of the first sidewall (11). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein, The filter structure (22) includes: A first filter element (221) surrounds the second sidewall (21); the first filter element (221) contacts the inner surface of the first sidewall (11) and covers the plurality of first through holes (111); the porosity of the material of the first filter element (221) is greater than or equal to 90%; the first filter element (221) is configured to filter the second particulate matter. According to the power supply system (100) of claim 11, wherein, The filter structure (22) further includes: A second filter element (222) surrounds the second sidewall (21) and is located between the second sidewall (21) and the first filter element (221); the second filter element (222) satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter element (222) is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air, and the second filter element (222) is configured to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances. According to claim 12, the power supply system (100) wherein, The second filter element (222) is in contact with the outer wall of the second sidewall (21). The power supply system (100) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, The sum of the thicknesses of the first filter element (221) and the second filter element (222) is equal to the distance between the first sidewall (11) and the second sidewall (21). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein, The outer boundary shape of the cross-section of the second sidewall (21), the first filter element (221), and the second filter element (222) includes a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon. The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein, The first filter element (221), the second filter element (222), and the second sidewall (21) satisfy at least one of the following: Along the predetermined direction (X), the dimensions of the first filter element (221) are the same as or approximately the same as the dimensions of the second sidewall (21); and Along the preset direction (X), the size of the second filter element (222) is the same as or approximately the same as the size of the second sidewall (21). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 16, wherein, The second sidewall (21) has a first end and a second end opposite each other along the preset direction (X), and the filter assembly (2) further includes: The first engaging member (2B) is annular; the inner wall of the first engaging member (2B) is connected to the first end of the second side wall (21); and The second engaging member (2C) is annular; the inner wall of the second engaging member (2C) is connected to the second end of the second side wall (21); The filter structure (22) has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the preset direction (X); along the preset direction (X), the distance between the first engaging member (2B) and the second engaging member (2C) is greater than or equal to the size of the filter structure (22). According to claim 17, the power supply system (100) wherein, The first latching member (2B) and the second latching member (2C) satisfy at least one of the following: The inner wall of the first engaging member (2B) is coplanar with the outer wall of the second side wall (21); and the inner wall of the second engaging member (2C) is coplanar with the outer wall of the second side wall (21). The power supply system (100) according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The filter structure (22), the first engaging member (2B), and the second engaging member (2C) satisfy at least one of the following: The first end of the filter structure (22) is in contact with the first engaging member (2B); and The second end of the filter structure (22) is in contact with the second engaging member (2C). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein, The second engaging member (2C) is located inside the first cavity (Q1). The outer wall of the second engaging member (2C) matches the shape of the inner wall of the first side wall (11), and the outer wall of the second engaging member (2C) is in contact with the first side wall (11). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein, The purification device (10) also includes: A fastener (3) is provided, one end of which is connected to the first end of the first sidewall (11); the fastener (3) has a second opening (K2), which communicates with the first opening (K1) at the first end of the first sidewall (11). The fixing member (3) includes: a first recess (31) disposed on the inner wall of the second opening (K2); and a first engaging member (2B) located on the side of the first recess (31) away from the first side wall (11) and in contact with the first recess (31). According to claim 21, the power supply system (100) wherein, The shape of the inner wall of the first recess (31) matches the shape of the inner wall of the first side wall (11); Along the preset direction (X), the size of the first recess (31) is the same as or approximately the same as the size of the first engaging member (2B). The power supply system (100) according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, Along the preset direction (X), the sum of the distance between the first engaging member (2B) and the second engaging member (2C) and the size of the second engaging member (2C) is less than the distance between the first recess (31) and the second end of the second sidewall (21). According to claim 23, the power supply system (100) wherein, Along the preset direction (X), the absolute value of the difference between the distance between the first engaging member (2B) and the second engaging member (2C) and the sum of the dimensions of the second engaging member (2C) and the distance between the first recess (31) and the second end of the second sidewall (21) is greater than or equal to 2 mm. The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein, The fastener (3) also includes: The second recess (32) is disposed on the inner wall of the second opening (K2) and surrounds the first recess (31); the second recess (32) is further away from the first side wall (11) than the first recess (31); The purification device (10) also includes: The first seal (5) is annular and disposed on the surface of the second recess (32) away from the first sidewall (11). According to the power supply system (100) of claim 25, wherein, The outer wall of the first seal (5) matches the shape of the side wall of the second recess (32), and the outer wall of the first seal (5) is in contact with the side wall of the second recess (32). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 5 to 26, wherein, The purification device (10) further includes: a pressure relief component (4), which is disposed on one side of the first sidewall (11) along the preset direction (X) and connected to the second end of the first sidewall (11); The pressure relief component (4) is configured to open and release pressure when the air pressure in the first cavity (Q1) is greater than or equal to a set threshold, so that the air pressure in the first cavity (Q1) is kept within a set range. According to claim 27, the power supply system (100) wherein, The pressure relief assembly (4) includes: A first connector (41) is annular and includes a first end and a second end opposite each other along the predetermined direction (X); the first end of the first connector (41) is connected to the second end of the first sidewall (11); and The pressure-resistant component (42) is connected to the second end of the first connecting component (41); the pressure resistance value of the pressure-resistant component (42) is greater than or equal to 4 kPa and less than or equal to 6 kPa. The power supply system (100) according to claim 28, wherein, The pressure relief assembly (4) also includes: The second connector (43) is annular; the second connector (43) is connected to the second end of the first connector (41), and the outer wall of the second connector (43) is coplanar with the outer wall of the first connector (41); the inner wall of the second connector (43) matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connector (41), and the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second connector (43) is smaller than the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first connector (41); Wherein, the pressure-resistant component (42) satisfies one of the following: The pressure-resistant component (42) is disposed on the side of the second connector (43) away from the first connector (41) and is connected to the second connector (43); and The pressure-resistant component (42) is disposed inside the first connector (41); the surface of the pressure-resistant component (42) away from the first sidewall (11) is connected to the second connector (43), and the outer wall of the pressure-resistant component (42) is in contact with the inner wall of the second connector (43). The power supply system (100) according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, The housing (1) further includes: The third connector (12) is annular and connected to the second end of the first sidewall (11); the first connector (41) surrounds the third connector (12) and is connected to the third connector (12); the pressure-resistant member (42) satisfies one of the following: The pressure-resistant component (42) is located at the end of the second connector (43) of the pressure relief assembly (4) away from the third connector (12); and The pressure-resistant component (42) is located between the second connector (43) and the third connector (12), and the pressure-resistant component (42) is in contact with the second connector (43) and the third connector (12) on opposite sides along the preset direction (X). The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 5 to 30, wherein, The purification device (10) also includes: The second sealing element (6) is annular and disposed within the first cavity (Q1), and located between the filter structure (22) and the second end of the first sidewall (11); the second sealing element (6), the first cavity (Q1), and the second cavity (Q2) satisfy at least one of the following: The diameter or equivalent diameter of the outer wall of the second seal (6) is the same as or approximately the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the first cavity (Q1); and The diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second seal (6) is the same as or approximately the same as the diameter or equivalent diameter of the inner wall of the second cavity (Q2). According to the power supply system (100) of claim 30, wherein, The purification device (10) also includes: The third sealing element (7) is annular and disposed within the first connecting member (41), and located between the pressure-resistant member (42) and the second end of the first sidewall (11); the third sealing element (7) satisfies one of the following: The third seal (7) surrounds the first connector (41) and contacts the second end of the first sidewall (11); the outer wall of the third seal (7) matches the shape of the inner wall of the first connector (41), and the outer wall of the third seal (7) contacts the inner wall of the first connector (41); the inner wall of the third seal (7) matches the shape of the outer wall of the third connector (12), and the inner wall of the third seal (7) contacts the outer wall of the third connector (12); and, The third sealing element (7) is disposed between the second connecting element (43) and the third connecting element (12) and is in contact with the third connecting element (12). A vehicle comprising: Vehicle body; as well as The power supply system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 32 is disposed in the vehicle body.

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