Signal processing method, storage medium, chip system and communication system

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a signal processing method, a storage medium, a chip system and a communication system. The method may comprise: converting a pilot signal and a plurality of data blocks in the delay-Doppler domain into the logical time-frequency domain; using the same resource mapping rule to map the pilot signal and the plurality of data blocks in the logical time-frequency domain to the physical time-frequency domain; and then sending the pilot signal and the plurality of data blocks mapped to the physical time-frequency domain. Using the present application helps to reduce the computational complexity of orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation systems.

Description

Signal processing methods, storage media, chip systems, and communication systems

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510020413.4, filed on January 6, 2025, entitled “Signal Processing Method, Storage Medium, Chip System and Communication System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal processing method, storage medium, chip system and communication system. Background Technology

[0003] Orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) is a novel modulation technique that modulates data in the delay-doppler (DD) domain. It transforms time-varying multipath channels into the DD domain, effectively addressing signal distortion in high-speed mobile environments. OTFS defines the conversion between the DD and time-frequency domains, allowing both pilot signals and data to be mapped to the DD domain for processing. Compared to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), OTFS does not require complex Doppler compensation algorithms when handling high Doppler effects; however, its modulation and demodulation processes are more complex, resulting in higher computational complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal processing method, storage medium, chip system, and communication system, which helps to reduce the computational complexity of the OTFS system.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a signal processing method. This method can be executed by a first device, or by components of the first device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the first device. The method may include: mapping a first pilot signal and K first data blocks from a first time-frequency domain to a second time-frequency domain according to a first resource mapping rule, to obtain a second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the first pilot signal is obtained based on a pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained based on data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; the resource mapping rule for the first pilot signal is the same as the resource mapping rule for the first data blocks; K is a positive integer; and transmitting the second pilot signal and K second data blocks.

[0006] Based on this communication method, pilot signals and data blocks converted from the time-delay Doppler domain to the logical time-frequency domain can be mapped to the physical time-frequency domain using the same resource mapping rules. This binds the resource mapping methods of the pilot signals and the data blocks together, which helps reduce the computational complexity of the OTFS system.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes a continuous time-domain mapping or a discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes a continuous frequency-domain mapping or a discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

[0008] Different resource mapping rules affect the resolution of the time-delay Doppler domain. Therefore, the pilot signal and data block use the same time-domain mapping rules and frequency-domain mapping rules. That is, if the pilot signal uses a continuous time-domain mapping, then the data block also uses a continuous time-domain mapping, and the pilot signal and data block have the same time-domain length; if the pilot signal uses a discontinuous time-domain mapping, then the data block also uses a discontinuous mapping, and the pilot signal and data block have the same time-domain interval. Similarly, if the pilot signal uses a continuous frequency-domain mapping, then the data block also uses a continuous frequency-domain mapping, and the pilot signal and data block have the same frequency-domain length; if the pilot signal uses a discontinuous frequency-domain mapping, then the data block also uses a discontinuous mapping, and the pilot signal and data block have the same time-domain interval.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

[0010] In this technical solution, the time-frequency resources occupied by the first data block are the same as those occupied by the first pilot signal. This means that the first data block and the first pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain have the same number of taps in both the time-delay and Doppler dimensions. This approach allows the channel estimation results of the pilot data to be more easily applied to the main data, thus reducing the computational complexity of the OTFS system.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: dividing the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain into K data blocks according to the resource size occupied by the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; K is a positive integer; performing precoding processing on the pilot signal and the K data blocks respectively to obtain a first pilot signal and K first data blocks; the first pilot signal is a pilot signal in the first time-frequency domain, and the K first data blocks are data blocks in the first time-frequency domain.

[0012] In this technical solution, by dividing the data signal into multiple data blocks of the same size as the pilot signal, it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of precoding the pilot signal and the data blocks. On the other hand, since the pilot signal and the data blocks have the same size and use the same resource mapping rules, it helps to improve the resolution of the delay Doppler domain with lower resources and simplify the processing complexity of the receiver.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate a first resource mapping rule. Thus, by indicating the first resource mapping rule, the receiving end can efficiently demodulate the data.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule is indicated by one or more of the following: first resource size; first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit diagram; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to one bit in the first bit diagram. Therefore, indicating the first resource mapping pattern through the first bit diagram helps to save signaling overhead.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a signal processing method. This method can be executed by a second device, or by a component of the second device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the second device. The method may include: receiving first indication information; the first indication information indicating a first resource mapping rule; demodulating a received signal according to the first resource mapping rule; the received signal includes a second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the second pilot signal is obtained by mapping the first pilot signal to a second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule, and the K second data blocks are obtained by mapping K first data blocks from the first time-frequency domain to the second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule; the first pilot signal is obtained by precoding the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained by precoding the data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; and K is a positive integer.

[0017] Based on this communication method, the second device can demodulate pilot signals and data blocks based on the same resource mapping rules. The resource mapping method of the pilot signal and the resource mapping method of the data block are bound together, which helps to reduce the computational complexity of the OTFS system.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes a continuous time-domain mapping or a discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes a continuous frequency-domain mapping or a discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule is indicated by one or more of the following: first resource size; first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit pattern; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to a bit in the first bit pattern.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the description of the beneficial effects in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a module / unit for performing any method of the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0024] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which may be a first device or a device within a first device (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit). The communication device may include a processor coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the communication device performs the methods executed by the first device or a device within the first device as described in the above method embodiments.

[0025] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which can be a second device or a device within a second device (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit). The communication device may include a processor coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions. When the processor executes the program or instructions, it causes the communication device to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments, executed by the second device or a device within the second device.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0027] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing program instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0028] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including at least one processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit. The at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program or instructions to cause any one of the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, to be executed. In one possible implementation, the chip system may further include at least one memory. The interface circuit, the at least one memory, and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit. The at least one memory stores instructions, and when these instructions are executed by the processor, any one of the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, is executed. The chip system may be composed of a chip or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0029] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device. When the first device and the second device are running in the communication system, they are used to execute any one of the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the Fourier duality between a time-delay Doppler domain resource grid and a time-frequency domain resource grid;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of signal transmission based on an OTFS system;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a time-delayed Doppler domain carrying data signals and pilot signals;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another time-delayed Doppler domain carrying data signals and pilot signals;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a OTFS system sender model;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of block division of data signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the time delay Doppler domain, logical time-frequency domain, and physical time-frequency domain provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another resource mapping provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another resource mapping provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another resource mapping provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] In this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "at least two (items)" means two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0047] In this application, "sending information to... (e.g., a terminal device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to the terminal device. "Receiving information from... (e.g., a terminal device)" or "receiving information from... (e.g., a terminal device)" can be understood as the source of the information being the terminal device, and can include receiving information directly or indirectly from the terminal device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be interpreted similarly, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0048] In the description of this application, "instruction" can include direct and indirect instructions, as well as explicit and implicit instructions. The information indicated by a certain piece of information (such as the instruction information mentioned below) is called the information to be instructed. In specific implementations, there are many ways to instruct the information to be instructed. For example, the information to be instructed can be directly instructed, such as by instructing the information itself or its index. Alternatively, the information to be instructed can be indirectly indicated by instructing other information, where there is a relationship between the indicated other information and the information to be instructed. Another example is that only a part of the information to be instructed can be indicated, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. Furthermore, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (such as an agreement) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent.

[0049] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the system architecture involved in the embodiments of this application will be introduced first below.

[0050] The embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems such as new radio (NR) systems, and next-generation mobile communication systems, etc.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes terminal devices and network devices. The number and form of the devices in Figure 1 are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For example, in practical applications, multiple terminal devices may be included.

[0052] A terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, and can be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal device, Internet of Things (IoT) terminal device, vehicle-mounted terminal device, industrial control terminal device, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal device, mobile device, UE terminal device, wireless communication device, UE agent, or UE device, etc. Terminal devices can be fixed or mobile. It should be noted that terminal devices can support at least one wireless communication technology, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), New Radio (NR), or Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). For example, terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, desktop computers, laptops, all-in-one computers, in-vehicle terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, wearable devices, terminal devices in future mobile communication networks, or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc. In some embodiments, the terminal device may also be a device with transceiver functions, such as a chip module. The chip module may include a chip, and may also include other discrete components. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal device.

[0053] A network device is a device that provides wireless communication capabilities to terminal devices. Network devices can be access network (AN) devices or satellite devices. AN devices can be radio access network (RAN) devices. Access network devices can support at least one wireless communication technology, such as LTE, NR, or WCDMA. For example, access network equipment includes, but is not limited to: next-generation node B (gNB), evolved node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved node B, or home node B (HNB)), baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), transmission and reception point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), mobile switching center, etc. in 5G. Network devices can also be radio controllers, centralized units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), and / or radio units (RUs) in cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenarios. Alternatively, access network devices can be macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, and access network devices in future mobile communications or future evolved PLMNs. In some embodiments, network devices can also be apparatuses that provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices, such as chip modules. For example, a chip module may include chips, and may also include other discrete devices. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network devices.

[0054] The following explanations and descriptions of some concepts or technologies involved in the embodiments of this application are provided to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. These explanations are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as specific limitations of this application.

[0055] (1) Orthogonal time-frequency air conditioning system

[0056] Orthogonal Time-Frequency Modulation (OTFS) is a novel two-dimensional modulation technique. Its key feature lies in placing the signal (e.g., constellation symbols) in a newly established delay-Doppler domain (DD domain). This DD domain is then transformed into a two-dimensional dual Fourier transform, equivalent to the traditional time-frequency domain, ultimately forming common Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and OFDM waveforms for transmission. OTFS can be applied in scenarios including, but not limited to, high-speed mobile, sensing, satellite communication, time-frequency synchronization, V2X, and Internet of Things (IoT) satellite communication (IoT NTN).

[0057] (2) Transformation between the time-delay Doppler domain and the time-frequency domain

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2, which illustrates the Fourier duality between a resource grid in the time-delay Doppler domain and a resource grid in the time-frequency domain. Here, T represents the symbol period, and Δf represents the subcarrier spacing. The time-delay axis of the resource grid in the time-delay Doppler domain has M nodes with a resolution of... The points correspond to M points with resolution Δf on the frequency axis of the time-frequency domain resource grid. There are N points with resolution Δf on the Doppler axis of the time-delay Doppler domain resource grid. The points correspond to N points with resolution T on the time axis of the time-frequency domain resource grid. The inverse sympletic finite fourier transform (ISFFT) can transform data from the time-delay Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain. Similarly, the sympletic finite fourier transform (SFFT) can transform data from the time-frequency domain to the time-delay Doppler domain. In other words, the time-delay Doppler domain and the time-frequency domain can be mutually converted using ISFFT and SFFT.

[0059] (3) Signal transmission based on OTFS system

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of signal transmission based on an OTFS system. As shown in Figure 3, the transmitting end uses ISFFT to transform the transmitted signal X[k,l] in the time-delay Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain, obtaining the transmitted signal X. tf The transmitted signal [n, m] is then transformed from the time-frequency domain to the time domain using the Heisenberg transform, yielding the transmitted signal s(t). After transmission through the channel, the received signal r(t) is subjected to a Wigner transform at the receiving end to obtain the time-frequency domain received signal Y. tf [n,m], and then SFFT is used to process the received signal Y. tf The [n,m] transformation yields the received signal Y[k,l] in the time-delay Doppler domain. After channel estimation and equalization in the time-delay Doppler domain, an estimate of the transmitted signal in the time-delay Doppler domain can be obtained.

[0061] According to ISFFT, the transmitted signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the transmitted signal in the time-frequency domain at the transmitting end can be represented by the following formula:

[0062] According to SFFT, the received signal in the time-delay Doppler domain and the received signal in the time-frequency domain at the receiver can be represented by the following formula:

[0063] In this system, the transmitting end can send data signals and pilot signals. The data signals can carry the information to be transmitted, while the pilot signals are known data agreed upon in advance by the transmitting and receiving ends to facilitate channel estimation by the receiving end. As shown in Figure 4(a), in the OTFS system, the transmitting end's data signals and pilot signals can be carried together in the time-delay Doppler domain. Furthermore, to avoid mutual interference between the data signals and pilot signals, a sufficient guard interval can be left between them. The pilot signal can be placed at the center of the time-delay Doppler domain to facilitate channel estimation, the guard interval can be placed around the pilot signal, and the data can be distributed in the area outside the guard interval. As shown in Figure 4(b), at the receiving end, the pilot signal is expanded to multiple grids in the time-delay Doppler domain resource grid due to two-dimensional circular convolution, and the data signal is also distributed according to the same pattern.

[0064] Assume the channel has integer multiples of time delay and integer multiples of Doppler frequency shift, and has P multipaths, with the time delay of the i-th path being τ. i The Doppler frequency shift is v i The corresponding indices of the time-delay Doppler domain resource grid are k. i , l i The channel complex gain is g i The time-delay Doppler domain input-output relationship after passing through the channel can be expressed by the following formula:

[0065] However, if the channel has fractional delays and fractional Doppler shifts, approximating these fractional delays and Doppler shifts as the closest integer taps introduces additional phase rotation into the time-frequency representation of the signal. Moreover, this error accumulates with increasing delay, especially affecting higher-order modulation and potentially degrading system performance.

[0066] To mitigate this impact, a high resolution in the delay-Doppler domain is often required. The resolution of the delay-Doppler domain can be understood as the smallest unit of delay and the unit of Doppler shift that can be distinguished in an OTFS system. Increasing the resolution of the delay-Doppler domain means that the system can capture and represent the characteristics of the channel at a finer granularity, but it also means increasing the complexity of the system.

[0067] (4) Factors affecting the channel characterization in the time-delay-Doppler domain

[0068] a. Resolution of the time-delay Doppler domain

[0069] The resolution of the delay-Doppler domain is related to the number of taps in the delay dimension (M in Figure 2), the number of taps in the Doppler dimension (N in Figure 2), and the subcarrier spacing Δf. In an OTFS system, the resolution of the delay-Doppler domain determines the fineness with which the delay and Doppler shift of each path in the channel can be sampled. When a path in the channel has a fractional delay, its effect is not limited to a specific tap in the delay domain but extends to adjacent taps. Similarly, when a path in the channel has a fractional Doppler shift, its effect extends to multiple Doppler shift taps. Therefore, the resolution of the delay-Doppler domain affects the channel's representation in the delay-Doppler domain.

[0070] For example, as shown in Figure 5(a), which is a pattern of the signal transmitted by the transmitter, assuming that the channel has two paths and the multipath delays are respectively... Doppler frequency shifts are respectively At a resolution of In the case of a receiver receiving signal, the pattern of the received signal is shown in Figure 5(b); at a resolution of In this case, the pattern of the received signal at the receiving end is shown in Figure 5(c).

[0071] b. Resource mapping method

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of a transmitter system model for an OTFS system. As shown in Figure 6, the time delay dimension in the time-delay Doppler domain includes M symbols, and the Doppler dimension includes N symbols. Performing an N-point inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) and an M-point fast fourier transform (FFT) on the symbols in the time-delay Doppler domain yields the symbols in the time-frequency domain. Then, performing an M′-point IFFT on the symbols in the time-frequency domain yields the time-domain symbols. Here, M can represent the size of the time delay dimension FFT in the IFFT, M corresponds to the number of taps in the time delay dimension, and M′ represents the number of effective resource elements (REs) occupied in the frequency domain. M′ can represent the size of the IFFT used to generate the OFDM baseband signal. M and M′ may not be equal; assuming...

[0073] Among these, the range and resolution of the resource grid representation in the delay-Doppler domain differ under different resource mapping methods. Based on these different resource mapping methods, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0074] 1) If the time-domain mapping is continuous, then the equivalent maximum delay in the delay-domain representation remains unchanged, but the resolution is scaled by μ relative to the M′ subcarriers. x times.

[0075] 2) If the time-domain mapping is equally spaced, then the equivalent Doppler frequency shift increases, the Doppler resolution remains unchanged, but the maximum representable Doppler range decreases. Alternatively, it can be considered that the Doppler frequency shift remains unchanged, but the relative resolution increases.

[0076] 3) If the frequency domain is mapped at equal intervals, for example, with an interval of μ subcarriers, it is equivalent to increasing the time delay resolution by a factor of μ, but the range of time delays that can be represented is reduced. Become

[0077] The derivation process of the above conclusion is as follows:

[0078] Assume that the response of a continuous multipath channel in the delay-time domain is defined by the following formula:

[0079] make in make in

[0080] The discrete multipath channel response in the delay-time domain can be obtained as follows:

[0081] Where P is the number of multipaths,

[0082] The transmitted time-domain signal, the received time-domain signal, and the noise are respectively Then we have:

[0083] ①Time-domain interval K N Symbol mapping

[0084] Taking the OTFS system as an example, where the sender uses a cyclic prefix (CP) or zero padding (ZP), assuming the CP length is L... CP ≥l max Time interval K N The symbols are mapped. After removing the CP from the mapping at the receiving end, we get:

[0085] in

[0086] The input-output relationship of the delay-time field is as follows:

[0087] in

[0088] The input-output relationship of the delay-Doppler domain is then:

[0089] get:

[0090] in,

[0091] because

[0092] This is equivalent to multiplying the original Doppler frequency shift κ by a scaling factor K. N γ g Then, sampling is carried out.

[0093] For the cases of reduced zero padding (RZP) or reduced cyclic prefix (RCP), γ g =1.

[0094] In the case of equal-interval mapping in the time domain, the equivalent Doppler frequency shift is increased, the Doppler resolution remains unchanged, but the maximum representable Doppler range is reduced. Alternatively, the Doppler frequency shift can be considered unchanged, but the relative resolution increases.

[0095] If the frequency domain interval K M The subcarriers are mapped, and the transmitter performs an M-point discrete Fourier transform (DFT) followed by an M-point DFT. ′ =K M After performing the M-point inverse discrete fourier transform (IDFT), the receiver performs the M′-point DFT, and then takes the frequency domain data on the corresponding subcarrier to perform the M-point DFT.

[0096] ②Continuous mapping in the time domain

[0097] κ i ,l i Let be the Doppler frequency shift and time delay of the i-th path, respectively, and assume that the time delay is an integer.

[0098] Let q = nM ′ +s,s=0,…,M ′ -1, n=0,1,…,N-1, and y n [s]=y[nM ′ +s] x n [s]=x[nM ′ +s]

[0099] If frequency domain equal-interval mapping is used Y tf [n,α]=Y′ tf [n,μα+Δ1]

[0100] remember

[0101] Based on SFFT / ISFFT transformation:

[0102] make

[0103] This is equivalent to improving the latency resolution by μ. x(μ) times, the time delay range that can be represented is increased by

[0104] if have Y tf [n,α]=Y′ tf [n,μα+Δ1]

[0105] make

[0106] Therefore, the resolution is increased by a factor of μ, but the range of time delays that can be represented is reduced.

[0107] If the frequency domain continuous mapping extends K M , m=α+Δ1M,α=0,1,…,M-1 Δ1=0,1,…K m -1

[0108] remember

[0109] Based on SFFT / ISFFT transformation, we obtain

[0110] make Indicates rounding down

[0111] In the case of continuous mapping in the frequency domain, the equivalent maximum range that can be represented remains unchanged, but the resolution is reduced by μ. x times.

[0112] As can be seen from the above analysis, the resource mapping method also affects the channel estimation of the receiver's delay Doppler domain.

[0113] This application embodiment takes into account the impact of resource mapping method and time-delay Doppler domain resolution on channel estimation in the time-delay Doppler domain, and provides a signal processing method that enables the data signal and pilot signal at the transmitting end to have the same resolution in the time-delay Doppler domain and to perform resource mapping according to the same resource mapping rules. This allows the receiving end to more conveniently apply the channel estimation results of the pilot signal to the data, which helps to reduce computational complexity.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be implemented based on the system architecture shown in Figure 1. In one implementation, the first device can be the network device in Figure 1, and the second device can be the terminal device in Figure 1; in another implementation, the first device can be the terminal device in Figure 1, and the second device can be the network device in Figure 1. The following description uses the example of the first device being the network device in Figure 1 and the second device being the terminal device in Figure 1.

[0115] As shown in Figure 7, the method may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0116] S701, the first device divides the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain into K data blocks according to the resource size occupied by the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain.

[0117] The pilot signal and data signal can be carried together in the time-delay Doppler domain. The pilot signal can be, for example, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). Here, the resource size occupied by the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain can be pre-configured. Based on the resource size occupied by the pilot signal, the first device can divide the data signal into K data blocks, where K is a positive integer.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the resource size occupied by the data blocks can be the same as the resource size occupied by the pilot signal. That is, the first device can divide the data signal into K data blocks, each with the same resource size as the pilot signal. The fact that the resource size occupied by the data blocks is the same as that occupied by the pilot signal can be understood as the length of the time delay dimension corresponding to the data block being the same as the length of the time delay dimension corresponding to the pilot signal, and the length of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the data block being the same as the length of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the pilot signal. Since the mapping from the time delay Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain can be a one-to-one correspondence, the resource size occupied by the pilot signal can also be described as the time-frequency resource size occupied by the pilot signal.

[0119] Specifically, if the length of the time delay dimension corresponding to the data signal (let's say M') is not divisible by the length of the time delay dimension corresponding to the pilot signal (let's say M) (i.e., M' / M is not an integer), then the data signal can be truncated or padded along the time delay dimension. Similarly, if the length of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the data signal (let's say N') is not divisible by the number of signs of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the pilot signal (let's say N) (i.e., N' / N is not an integer), then the data signal can be truncated or padded along the Doppler dimension.

[0120] When M' / M is not an integer, and the data signal is truncated along the time delay dimension, the length of the time delay dimension of the truncated data signal is calculated using the following formula:

[0121] When M' / M is not an integer, and the data signal is padded along the time delay dimension, the length of the time delay dimension of the padded data signal can be calculated using the following formula:

[0122] When N' / N is not an integer, and the data signal is truncated along the Doppler dimension, the length of the Doppler dimension of the truncated data signal can be calculated using the following formula:

[0123] For cases where N' / N is not an integer, and the data signal is padded along the Doppler dimension, the length of the Doppler dimension of the padded data signal can be calculated using the following formula:

[0124] in, Indicates rounding down. This indicates rounding up to the nearest integer.

[0125] Taking the resource size occupied by the pilot signal as {2, 3} and the resource size occupied by the data signal as {4, 5} as an example, the length 2 of the time delay dimension corresponding to the data signal is divisible by the length 4 of the time delay dimension corresponding to the pilot signal; the length 3 of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the data signal is not divisible by the length 5 of the Doppler dimension corresponding to the pilot signal. By padding the data signal along the Doppler dimension, the length of the Doppler dimension of the padded data signal is 6 (i.e., ...). Therefore, according to the resource size {2, 3} occupied by the pilot signal, the data signal can be divided into two data blocks of size {2, 3}.

[0126] S702 performs precoding processing on the pilot signal and K data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain to obtain the first pilot signal and K first data blocks.

[0127] The precoding of the pilot signal and K data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain can be replaced by performing OTFS precoding on the pilot signal and K data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain respectively. Specifically, the OTFS precoding of the pilot signal and K data blocks can be achieved by converting the time-delay Doppler domain pilot signal and K data blocks to the time-frequency domain using ISFFT. Here, the conversion of the signal in the time-delay Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain via ISFFT can be understood as a conversion to the logical time-frequency domain, which can also be described as a virtual time-frequency domain or a first time-frequency domain. That is, the first pilot signal can be understood as the pilot signal in the first time-frequency domain, and the first data block can be understood as the data block in the first time-frequency domain.

[0128] For example, as shown in Figure 8, there is a pilot signal 801 and a data signal 802 in the time-delay Doppler domain. The data signal 802 can be divided into four data blocks of the same size as the pilot signal 801, namely data block 803, data block 804, data block 805, and data block 806. Using ISFFT, the pilot signal 801, data block 803, data block 804, data block 805, and data block 806 in the time-delay Doppler domain can be converted into pilot signal 807, data block 808, data block 809, data block 810, and data block 811 in the logic time-frequency domain.

[0129] S703, the first device maps the first pilot signal and K first data blocks from the first time-frequency domain to the second time-frequency domain according to the first resource mapping rule, so as to obtain the second pilot signal and K second data blocks.

[0130] The second time-frequency domain can be understood as the physical time-frequency domain. The first pilot signal and the K first data blocks can be mapped from the logical time-frequency domain to the physical time-frequency domain using the same resource mapping rule (i.e., the first resource mapping rule) to facilitate subsequent signal transmission.

[0131] For example, as shown in Figure 9, the pilot signal and data block in the time-delay Doppler domain are converted into pilot signal and data block in the logical time-frequency domain by ISFFT. The pilot signal and data block in the logical time-frequency domain adopt the same resource mapping rules and can be mapped to the physical time-frequency domain.

[0132] Optionally, the first resource mapping rule may include time-domain mapping rules and frequency-domain mapping rules. The time-domain mapping rule may include continuous time-domain mapping or discontinuous time-domain mapping (such as equally spaced time-domain mapping), and the frequency-domain mapping rule may include continuous frequency-domain mapping or discontinuous frequency-domain mapping (such as equally spaced frequency-domain mapping).

[0133] Frequency domain mapping rules can be expressed by the following formula:

[0134] Where k represents the subcarrier index before frequency domain mapping, k ′ This represents the subcarrier index after frequency domain mapping. The starting offset of the frequency domain mapping is determined based on Δ1. K m This represents the interval of the frequency domain mapping.

[0135] The time-domain mapping rule can be expressed by the following formula:

[0136] Where l represents the symbol index before time-domain mapping, l ′ This represents the symbol index after time-domain mapping. The starting offset of the time-domain mapping is determined based on Δ2, and K... N This indicates the interval of the time-domain mapping.

[0137] Taking the pilot signal and data block in the logical time-frequency domain as an example, where the resource size occupied by both is {2,2}, the distribution of the pilot signal and data block in the physical time-frequency domain can be shown in Figure 10(a) when using continuous mapping in the time domain and continuous mapping in the frequency domain. In this system, the pilot signal is continuously mapped in both the time and frequency domains. Correspondingly, the data blocks (such as data block 1, data block 2, data block 3, and data block 4) are also continuously mapped in both the time and frequency domains. When using continuous mapping in the time domain and equal-interval mapping in the frequency domain, the distribution of the pilot signal and data blocks in the physical time and frequency domains can be shown in Figure 10(b). In this system, the pilot signal is continuously mapped in the time domain and mapped at 5 subcarrier intervals in the frequency domain. Correspondingly, the data blocks are also continuously mapped in the time domain and mapped at 5 subcarrier intervals in the frequency domain. When using equal-interval mapping in both the time and frequency domains, the distribution of the pilot signal and data blocks in the physical time and frequency domains can be shown in Figure 10(c). In this system, the pilot signal is mapped at 3-symbol intervals in the time domain and mapped at 5-subcarrier intervals in the frequency domain. Correspondingly, the data blocks are also mapped at 3-symbol intervals in the time domain and mapped at 5-subcarrier intervals in the frequency domain.

[0138] In one possible implementation, pilot signals of different symbols in the logical time-frequency domain can employ different subcarrier offsets during resource mapping to facilitate channel estimation at the receiver. For example, taking a logical time-frequency domain where both pilot signals and data blocks occupy resource sizes of {2,4}, the distribution of pilot signals and data blocks in the physical time-frequency domain can be illustrated in Figure 11 when different subcarrier offsets are used for resource mapping of pilot signals of different symbols. In Figure 11, subcarrier offsets are performed on pilot signals and data blocks of different symbols using a cyclic shifting method.

[0139] In one possible implementation, to reduce inter-block interference, a repetition interval can be inserted in the frequency domain when performing resource mapping on the first pilot signal and K first data blocks. For example, without inserting a repetition interval in the frequency domain, the distribution of the pilot signal and data blocks in the physical time-frequency domain can be as shown in Figure 12(a). Taking block 1201 carrying data as an example, since no repetition interval is inserted, block 1201 may be interfered with by nearby blocks, such as by block 1202 carrying the pilot and block 1203 carrying data. As shown in Figure 12(b), after inserting a repetition interval in the frequency domain, block 1201 can be separated from blocks 1202 and 1203 by several REs, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing inter-block interference.

[0140] Optionally, the resource mapping rules described above can be configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol. This application embodiment uses the example of resource mapping rules configured by a network device for illustration. When the first device is a network device, before sending the third pilot signal and K third data blocks to the second device, the first device can also send first indication information to the second device to indicate the first resource mapping rule.

[0141] S704, the first device sends a first instruction message to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first instruction message from the first device.

[0142] The first indication information can be used to indicate the first resource mapping rule. The first resource mapping rule can be used for the first channel. Optionally, the first channel can be a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), or a sidelink, etc.

[0143] Optionally, the first indication information may be carried by at least one of downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC) messages, and MAC control element (MAC-CE), and this application does not limit this.

[0144] In one implementation, the first indication information may indicate the first resource mapping rule through one or more of the following: the size of the first resource; the first resource mapping pattern; the number of time-domain repetitions corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; the time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; the number of frequency-domain repetitions corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; the frequency-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; and the time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern.

[0145] The first resource size can refer to the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal. Since in this embodiment, the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal can be the same as the resource size occupied by the first data block, the first resource size can also refer to the resource size occupied by the first data block. The resource size occupied by the first pilot signal can be understood as the number of frequency domain REs and the length of the time domain symbol occupied by the first pilot signal in the logical time-frequency domain. Optionally, the first indication information may further include information indicating whether the first pilot signal is subjected to OTFS precoding, and / or information indicating whether the first data signal is subjected to OTFS precoding. The first resource size can also represent the number of time-frequency resource elements subjected to OTFS precoding.

[0146] The first resource mapping pattern can refer to the way the first pilot signal and K first data blocks are mapped. For example, the time-domain resource mapping can be a continuous or discontinuous mapping, and the frequency-domain resource mapping can be a continuous or discontinuous mapping. Optionally, the first resource mapping pattern can be defined by a time-domain interval parameter (e.g., denoted as t). interval ) and frequency domain spacing parameters (e.g., expressed as f) interval (Instructions.) Specifically, in t interval When the value is 0, it can represent a continuous mapping in the time domain; in t interval When the value is not zero, it can represent a discontinuous mapping in the time domain. Similarly, in f... interval When f is 0, it can represent a continuous mapping in the frequency domain; interval When the value is not 0, it can represent a discontinuous mapping in the frequency domain.

[0147] The time-domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern can refer to the number of blocks in the time-domain dimension (such as blocks carrying pilot signals or blocks carrying data) after mapping the pilot signals and data blocks (e.g., K blocks) according to the first resource mapping pattern. Since the pilot signals and data blocks are mapped according to the same resource mapping pattern, the resource mapping rules in the time-domain dimension can be known by indicating the first resource mapping pattern and the time-domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern. Taking Figure 10(b) above as an example, the resource size occupied by the pilot signals and data blocks in the logical time-frequency domain is {2,2}. In the case of continuous time-domain mapping, the total number of blocks of pilot signals and data blocks in the time-domain dimension is 1, which can indicate that the time-domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern is 1.

[0148] The time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern can refer to the interval between different blocks in the time-domain dimension. Optionally, after mapping the pilot signal and data block according to the first resource mapping pattern, a repetition interval can be set between adjacent blocks carrying the pilot or data in the time-domain dimension. Optionally, the value of the repetition interval can be 0 or other preset values. If no time-domain repetition interval is set, the length of the time-domain repetition interval can be considered to be 0. As shown in Figure 13(a), the resource size occupied by the pilot signal and data block in the logical time-frequency domain is {2,2}. There is no repetition interval set between time-domain dimension blocks 1301 and 1302. It can be considered that the time-domain repetition interval between blocks 1301 and 1302 is 0, which means that the time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern is 0. As shown in Figure 13(b), the repetition interval set between time-domain dimension blocks 1303 and 1304 is 1, which means that the time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern is 1.

[0149] The frequency domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern can refer to the number of blocks in the frequency domain dimension (such as blocks carrying pilot signals or blocks carrying data) after mapping the pilot signals and data blocks according to the first resource mapping pattern. Continuing with the example in Figure 10(b) above, the resource size occupied by the pilot signals and data blocks in the logical time-frequency domain is {2,2}. When the first resource mapping pattern is a frequency domain equal-interval (interval of 5 subcarriers) mapping, the number of blocks in the frequency domain dimension is 5, that is, there are 5 blocks in the frequency domain dimension mapped in a way that is interval of 5 subcarriers. This can be interpreted as the frequency domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern being 5.

[0150] The frequency domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern can refer to the interval between different blocks in the frequency domain dimension. Optionally, after mapping the pilot signal and data block according to the first resource mapping pattern, a repetition interval can also be set between adjacent blocks carrying the pilot or data in the frequency domain dimension. If no frequency domain repetition interval is set, the length of the frequency domain repetition interval can be considered to be 0. For example, as shown in Figure 13(b), the resource size occupied by the pilot signal and data block in the logical time frequency domain is {2,2}, and no repetition interval is set between frequency domain dimension blocks 1305 and 1303. Therefore, the frequency domain repetition interval between blocks 1305 and 1303 can be considered to be 0, meaning the frequency domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern is 0. As another example, as shown in Figure 13(c), the repetition interval set between frequency domain dimension blocks 1306 and 1307 is 1, meaning the frequency domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern is 1.

[0151] The time-frequency positions corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern may include the time-domain and frequency-domain positions of the block carrying the pilot signal and the block carrying the data after the pilot signal and data block are mapped according to the first resource mapping pattern.

[0152] In one implementation, the first resource mapping pattern can be indicated by a first bitmap, and the first indication information may further include the resource granularity corresponding to one bit in the first bitmap. Optionally, the resource granularity corresponding to one bit may include the number of REs or RBs corresponding to one bit. For example, one bit may correspond to one or more REs, or one or more symbols.

[0153] S705, the first device sends a second pilot signal and K second data blocks to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the second pilot signal and K second data blocks from the first device.

[0154] The second pilot signal and K second data blocks sent from the first device to the second device can be processed signals. For example, the first device can perform IFFT processing on the second pilot signal and the K second data blocks to obtain a time-domain signal, and then send the time-domain signal to the second device. Optionally, the first device can also add a CP to the time-domain signal, for example, adding a CP to each symbol, or adding a CP to the entire time-domain signal.

[0155] S706, the second device demodulates the received data according to the first resource mapping rule.

[0156] The second device can perform a series of inverse processes on the received data, such as CP removal, FFT processing, demapping, channel equalization, and inverse precoding transformation, to recover the data originally transmitted by the first device.

[0157] Specifically, after receiving data from the first device, the second device can determine the location of the resource block carrying the pilot signal according to the first resource mapping rule, and then extract the pilot signal at the specified resource location. Channel estimation is performed based on the extracted pilot signal to obtain the channel estimation result. Then, the channel estimation result is used for demapping to obtain multiple data blocks. Each data block is then subjected to a precoding inverse transform, such as SFFT, transforming the multiple data blocks mapped in the time-frequency domain into multiple data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain. Finally, the multiple data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain are merged to obtain the data signal before block division in the time-delay Doppler domain. Optionally, if the first device has padding symbols when dividing the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain, the second device can remove the padding symbols from the data blocks before merging the multiple data blocks into the data signal before block division.

[0158] Based on the signal processing method shown in Figure 7, the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain can be divided into data blocks of the same size as the pilot signal. Furthermore, after the pilot signal and data blocks are converted to the time-frequency domain, they can be mapped according to the same resource mapping rules. In this way, the resolution of the time-delay Doppler domain can be improved with lower system complexity, thus facilitating a more accurate characterization of the channel's properties.

[0159] Figure 7 illustrates the overall flow of the signal processing method provided in this application. In this application, the pilot signal and data block in the logical time-frequency domain have the same size and can be mapped to the physical time-frequency domain using the same resource mapping rule. To facilitate understanding of this application, various ways of indicating the resource mapping rule (such as the first device indicating the resource mapping rule to the second device) are described below.

[0160] The resource mapping rules can include frequency domain resource mapping rules and time domain resource mapping rules. Frequency domain resource mapping rules can include continuous frequency domain mapping or discontinuous frequency domain mapping, and time domain resource mapping rules can include continuous time domain mapping or discontinuous time domain mapping. The indication methods for continuous frequency domain mapping, discontinuous frequency domain mapping, continuous time domain mapping, and discontinuous time domain mapping are explained below.

[0161] 1) Indication method of continuous frequency domain mapping

[0162] Method 1: Building upon the current frequency domain resource indication based on resource blocks (RBs), this method indicates the size of the first frequency domain resource and a first index. The first frequency domain resource size can represent the size of the frequency domain resource occupied by each pilot signal, for example, the number of RBs occupied by each pilot signal. Thus, based on the bandwidth and the first frequency domain resource, the total number of pilot signals and data blocks can be calculated (each pilot signal and each data block occupies the same amount of time-frequency resource). The first index can represent the block index in the frequency domain dimension of the pilot signal. Knowing the total number of pilot signals and data blocks, the frequency domain positions of the pilot signals and data blocks can be determined based on the block index in the frequency domain dimension of the pilot signals.

[0163] Method 2: Indicate the starting RE position and the number of REs occupied by the pilot signal, and the starting RE position and the number of REs occupied by the data block. Optionally, to reduce overhead, multiple consecutive REs can be defined as a resource unit. For example, the frequency domain resource size occupied by each pilot signal or data block can be defined as a resource unit. Optionally, the starting RE position and the number of REs occupied by the pilot signal can be indicated by a first resource indication value (RIV), and the starting RE position and the number of REs occupied by the data block can be indicated by a second RIV.

[0164] Method 3: Indicates the first frequency domain repetition count, first frequency domain position, first frequency domain resource size, and first index. The first frequency domain repetition count can represent the total number of blocks in the frequency domain dimension for pilot signals and data blocks. The first frequency domain position can, for example, represent the frequency domain position of the first block in the frequency domain dimension (e.g., the block with index 0). The first frequency domain resource size can represent the frequency domain resource size occupied by each pilot signal, for example, the number of REs occupied by the pilot signal in the frequency domain dimension. The first index can represent the block index corresponding to the pilot signal in the frequency domain dimension.

[0165] Method 4: Indicate the starting frequency domain position and the number of resource units occupied for each pilot signal, and the starting frequency domain position and the number of resource units occupied for each data block. Optionally, one resource unit can correspond to one or more REs. The starting frequency domain position and the number of resource units occupied for a pilot signal or data block can be indicated by a RIV.

[0166] In summary, for the case of continuous frequency domain mapping, one or more of the following indicators can be used: the corresponding block index of the frequency domain pilot signal; the total number of pilot signals and data blocks; the RIV corresponding to the pilot signal; the RIV corresponding to the data block; and the frequency domain position of the first block. Optionally, the corresponding block index of the frequency domain pilot signal, and the total number of pilot signals and data blocks, can be indicated, for example, by a bitmap. The length of the bitmap can be defined as the total number of blocks, and bits with a value of 1 in the bitmap can, for example, represent blocks carrying pilot signals, while bits with a value of 0 can, for example, represent blocks carrying data.

[0167] 2) Indication method for frequency domain discontinuous (e.g., equally spaced) mapping

[0168] Currently, there are two methods for indicating frequency domain resources: Type 1 and Type 0. In Type 1, the starting RB position and the number of consecutive RBs of the allocated frequency domain resource can be indicated via RIV. In Type 0, the allocation of frequency domain resources can be indicated via a bitmap. In the bitmap, a bit with a value of 1 indicates that the resource has been allocated to that user, while a value of 0 indicates that it has not been allocated to that user. Each bit can correspond to a resource block group (RBG).

[0169] For frequency domain equal-interval mapping, an indicator can be added on the basis of the Type 1 or Type 0 method, or a new indicator method can be adopted independently of the Type 1 and Type 0 methods.

[0170] (1) For cases where new indications are added based on the current Type 1 method, the following indication methods may be included:

[0171] Method ①: Based on the Type 1 method, indicate bitmap#1. The length of bitmap#1 can be defined as the interval size of the frequency domain mapping. One bit in bitmap#1 can be 0, for example, to represent a pilot signal, and one bit can be 1, for example, to represent data.

[0172] Method 2: If multiple data blocks are mapped sequentially in the frequency domain, based on the Type 1 method, the interval size of the frequency domain mapping and the RE offset within the starting RB position corresponding to the pilot signal are indicated.

[0173] Method 3: If multiple data blocks are not mapped in order in the frequency domain dimension, based on the Type 1 method, indicate the interval size of the frequency domain mapping, the total number of pilot signals and data blocks, the RE offset within the starting RB position corresponding to the pilot signal, and the RE offset within the starting RB position corresponding to each data block.

[0174] (2) For cases where additional indicators are added based on the current Type 0 method, for example, the size of the RBG can be defined as the total number of pilot signals and data blocks, and a bit in the bitmap can be set to 1 to indicate equal intervals. Based on this, the RE-level block index corresponding to the pilot signal and the RE-level block index corresponding to the data block can be indicated.

[0175] (3) For cases where a new indication method is used independently of Type 1 and Type 0 methods, the following indication methods may be included:

[0176] Method 4: Indicates bitmap#1, the starting frequency domain position of the pilot signal, and the starting frequency domain position of each data block. The length of bitmap#1 can be defined as the total number of pilot signals and data blocks in the frequency domain dimension. A bit in bitmap#1 can be 0 (e.g., representing a pilot signal) and 1 (e.g., representing data). For the starting frequency domain position of each pilot signal or data block, the starting RE position can be indicated, or the starting RB position and the RE offset within the starting RB can be indicated. Optionally, the RE offset within the starting RB of the pilot signal and data block can be different for different symbols. For example, the pilot signal and data block can be cyclically shifted according to a predefined method, or an additional indication of the RE offset within the starting RB of each symbol's pilot signal and data block can be added.

[0177] Method 5: Indicate bitmap#1 and bitmap#2. The content indicated by bitmap#1 is the same as in Method 4 above. The length of bitmap#2 can be defined as the interval size of the frequency domain dimension mapping, and can be used to indicate the starting frequency domain position of the pilot signal or data block within the interval.

[0178] 3) Time-domain continuous mapping

[0179] Method A indicates the starting symbol index of the pilot signal or data block, as well as the number of consecutive symbols. This can be indicated, for example, by a block-level start and length indicator value (SLIV).

[0180] Method B indicates bitmap #3. One bit in bitmap #3 can correspond to one time-domain unit, and one time-domain unit can include multiple symbols. A bit with a value of 0 indicates, for example, that the corresponding time-domain unit is used for pilot signals, while a bit with a value of 1 indicates, for example, that the corresponding time-domain unit is used for data.

[0181] In Mode C, based on the existing time domain resource indication using SLIV, the existing SLIV formula is extended to support indicating larger time domain resources and adapt to the OTFS system. For example, it may include the following methods:

[0182] Mode C-1: The protocol predefines the maximum number of scheduled symbols Nmax, and extends the current SLIV formula to the following formula:

[0183] When (L-1)≤Nmax / 2, SLIV=Nmax·(L-1)+S

[0184] When (L-1)>Nmax / 2, SLIV=Nmax·(Nmax-L+1)+(Nmax-1-S)

[0185] Wherein, 0<L≤Nmax-S, and S_0+S+L≤Nmax. S represents the start symbol index, and L represents the number of consecutive symbols.

[0186] Optionally, Nmax can be scaled according to the subcarrier spacing. Here, Nmax needs to be limited within a certain duration, such as 0.5 ms, 1 ms (1 subframe), etc. Taking Nmax as the maximum number of scheduled symbols in one subframe as an example, the values of Nmax may include the following cases:

[0187] When the subcarrier spacing is 15 KHz and a normal cyclic prefix (normal CP) is used, there is one slot within 1 millisecond (ms), and one slot contains 14 symbols, that is 1 ms = 1 slot = 14 sym, so Nmax = 14 sym;

[0188] When the subcarrier spacing is 30 KHz and a normal CP is used, 1 ms = 2 slots = 28 sym, so Nmax = 28 sym;

[0189] When the subcarrier spacing is 60 KHz and a normal CP is used, 1 ms = 4 slots = 56 sym, so Nmax = 56 sym.

[0190] Mode C-2: With the constraint of S+L<14, a time window-based mapping mechanism is introduced to support larger time domain resource allocation. For example, it is assumed that one time window can be defined as 7 symbols, and one slot may include two time windows. Specifically:

[0191] a) S is mapped based on the time window: S=(S’mod 7)

[0192] Here, S' represents the index of the starting symbol in the current frame structure, ranging from [0, 13]. S' can be mapped to the range [0, 6] based on a time window.

[0193] Since a slot can include two time windows, an indicator is needed to specify which time window S' is mapped to, i.e., whether S is in the first half of the slot or the second half.

[0194] b) L is mapped based on a time window: L = (L'mod 7)

[0195] Where L' represents the length of the time-domain symbol, ranging from [1, Nmax]. L' can be mapped to the range [0, 6] based on a time window.

[0196] Similarly, a new indicator is needed to specify which time window L' is mapped to, i.e., whether L is in the first or second half of the slot. In addition, the number of complete time windows included in L' is also required.

[0197] The time-window-based mapping mechanism allows for the expansion of time-domain resource mapping methods within the current constraint of S+L<14. This approach enables more flexible scheduling of time-domain resources while maintaining compatibility with existing SLIV formulas, providing greater flexibility and compatibility while keeping overhead low.

[0198] 4) Temporally discontinuous (e.g., equally spaced) mappings

[0199] Method a indicates bitmap#4, the starting symbol position of the pilot signal, and the starting symbol position of each data block. The length of bitmap#4 can be defined as the total number of blocks in the time-domain pilot signal and data blocks. A bit in bitmap#4 can be 0 to represent a pilot signal, and a bit can be 1 to represent data.

[0200] Method b indicates bitmap #4 and bitmap #5. The content indicated by bitmap #4 is the same as in method a. The length of bitmap #5 can be defined as the interval size of the time-domain dimension mapping, and can be used to indicate the starting symbol position of the pilot signal or data block within the interval. This method helps to save signaling overhead.

[0201] It should be understood that the above-mentioned various indication methods are only for illustrative purposes and do not constitute a specific limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0202] The foregoing describes the method embodiments provided in this application. In order to facilitate better implementation of the above-described solutions of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide corresponding communication devices.

[0203] In some embodiments, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to achieve the above-described functions. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0204] This application embodiment can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0205] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 140 can be the first device or the second device in the above method embodiment, or a component (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit) in the first device or the second device. As shown in Figure 14, the communication device 140 includes at least a communication unit 1401 and a processing unit 1402.

[0206] Regarding the use of a communication device to implement the function of the first device in the embodiments of this application:

[0207] Processing unit 1402 is configured to map a first pilot signal and K first data blocks from a first time-frequency domain to a second time-frequency domain according to a first resource mapping rule, thereby obtaining a second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the first pilot signal is obtained based on a pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained based on data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; the resource mapping rule for the first pilot signal is the same as the resource mapping rule for the first data blocks; K is a positive integer;

[0208] The communication unit 1401 is used to transmit the second pilot signal and K second data blocks.

[0209] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes a continuous time-domain mapping or a discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes a continuous frequency-domain mapping or a discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

[0210] In one possible implementation, the resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

[0211] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1402 is further configured to divide the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain into K data blocks according to the resource size occupied by the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; K is a positive integer; and to perform precoding processing on the pilot signal and the K data blocks respectively to obtain a first pilot signal and K first data blocks; the first pilot signal is a pilot signal in the first time-frequency domain, and the K first data blocks are data blocks in the first time-frequency domain.

[0212] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1401 is further configured to send first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate a first resource mapping rule.

[0213] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule is indicated by one or more of the following: first resource size; first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

[0214] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit pattern; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to a bit in the first bit pattern.

[0215] Regarding the use of a communication device to implement the function of the second device in the embodiments of this application:

[0216] Communication unit 1401 is used to receive first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate a first resource mapping rule;

[0217] Processing unit 1402 is used to demodulate the received signal according to a first resource mapping rule; the received signal includes a second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the second pilot signal is obtained by mapping the first pilot signal to the second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule, and the K second data blocks are obtained by mapping K first data blocks from the first time-frequency domain to the second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule; the first pilot signal is obtained by precoding the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained by precoding the data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; K is a positive integer.

[0218] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes a continuous time-domain mapping or a discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes a continuous frequency-domain mapping or a discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

[0219] In one possible implementation, the resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

[0220] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping rule is indicated by one or more of the following: first resource size; first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition number corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; frequency-domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit pattern; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to a bit in the first bit pattern.

[0222] For a more detailed description of the communication unit 1401 and the processing unit 1402, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the first device and the second device in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0223] Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 15, the communication device 150 may include one or more processors 1501, which may also be called processing units, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 1501 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, etc. For example, it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, baseband chip, terminal, terminal chip, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs.

[0224] In an alternative design, the processor 1501 may also store instructions 1503 and / or data, which can be executed by the processor to cause the communication device 150 to perform the method described in the above method embodiments.

[0225] In another alternative design, the processor 1501 may include a transceiver unit for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, this transceiver unit may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, an interface circuit, or a communication interface. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing code / data, or it can be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0226] In another possible design, the communication device 150 may include circuitry that can perform the functions of sending, receiving, or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0227] Optionally, the communication device 150 may include one or more memories 1502, which may store instructions 1504 and / or data. The instructions 1504 and / or data can be executed on a processor, causing the communication device 150 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memory may also store data. Optionally, the processor may also store instructions and / or data. The processor and memory may be configured separately or integrated together. For example, the correspondence described in the above method embodiments may be stored in the memory or in the processor.

[0228] Optionally, the communication device 150 may further include a transceiver 1505 and / or an antenna 1506. The processor 1501, which may be referred to as a processing unit, controls the communication device 150. The transceiver 1505, which may be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, transceiver device, or transceiver module, is used to implement transceiver functions.

[0229] Optionally, the communication device 150 in this application embodiment can be used to execute the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0230] In one embodiment, the communication device 150 can be a first device or a component within the first device (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit). When the computer program instructions stored in the memory 1502 are executed, the transceiver 1505 is used to perform the operations performed by the communication unit 1401 in the above embodiments. The transceiver 1505 is also used to send information to other communication devices besides the communication device. The first device or the component within the first device can also be used to perform various methods performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, which will not be elaborated further.

[0231] In one embodiment, the communication device 150 can be a second device or a component (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit) within a second device. When the computer program instructions stored in the memory 1502 are executed, the transceiver 1505 is used to perform the operations performed by the communication unit 1401 in the above embodiments. The second device or the component within the second device can also be used to perform various methods performed by the second device in the above method embodiments, which will not be elaborated further.

[0232] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the process related to the first device in the method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0233] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the process related to the second device in the method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0234] This application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer or processor, causes the computer or processor to perform one or more steps of any of the methods described above. If the constituent modules of the aforementioned devices are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0235] This application also provides a chip system including at least one processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit. The at least one processor is used to execute a computer program or instructions to cause some or all of the steps described in any of the above method embodiments to be executed. In one possible implementation, the chip system may further include at least one memory. The interface circuit, the at least one memory, and the at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit. The at least one memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, some or all of the steps described in any of the above method embodiments are executed. The chip system may be composed of a chip or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0236] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a first device and a second device, and the specific description can be found in the method embodiments described above.

[0237] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid-state drive (SSD), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having an instruction or data structure form and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in the embodiments of this application may also be circuitry or any other means capable of implementing storage functions for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0238] It should also be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0239] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated into the processor. It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0240] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0241] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments provided herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0242] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0243] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0244] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0245] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0246] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0247] The steps in the method of this application embodiment can be adjusted, combined, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0248] The modules / units in the device of this application embodiment can be merged, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

[0249] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one preferred embodiment of this application and only a part of the embodiments of this application. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A signal processing method, characterized in that, The method includes: According to the first resource mapping rule, the first pilot signal and K first data blocks are mapped from the first time-frequency domain to the second time-frequency domain to obtain the second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the first pilot signal is obtained based on the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained based on the data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; the resource mapping rule of the first pilot signal is the same as the resource mapping rule of the first data blocks; K is a positive integer; Send the second pilot signal and the K second data blocks.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes continuous time-domain mapping or discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes continuous frequency-domain mapping or discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes; Based on the resource size occupied by the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain, the data signal in the time-delay Doppler domain is divided into K data blocks; K is a positive integer. The pilot signal and the K data blocks are pre-encoded to obtain a first pilot signal and K first data blocks; the first pilot signal is a pilot signal in the first time-frequency domain, and the K first data blocks are data blocks in the first time-frequency domain.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first instruction message; the first instruction message is used to indicate the first resource mapping rule.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first indication information indicates the first resource mapping rule through one or more of the following: First resource size; First resource mapping pattern; The number of temporal repetitions corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The temporal repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The frequency domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The frequency domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; Wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit map; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to a bit in the first bit map.

8. A signal processing method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first indication information; the first indication information is used to indicate a first resource mapping rule; According to the first resource mapping rule, the received signal is demodulated; the received signal includes a second pilot signal and K second data blocks; the second pilot signal is obtained by mapping the first pilot signal to the second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule, and the K second data blocks are obtained by mapping K first data blocks from the first time-frequency domain to the second time-frequency domain based on the first resource mapping rule; the first pilot signal is obtained by precoding the pilot signal in the time-delay Doppler domain; the first data blocks are obtained by precoding the data blocks in the time-delay Doppler domain; K is a positive integer.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first resource mapping rule includes a time-domain mapping rule and a frequency-domain mapping rule; the time-domain mapping rule includes continuous time-domain mapping or discontinuous time-domain mapping, and the frequency-domain mapping rule includes continuous frequency-domain mapping or discontinuous frequency-domain mapping.

10. The method as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The resource size occupied by the first data block is the same as the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The first indication information indicates the first resource mapping rule through one or more of the following: First resource size; First resource mapping pattern; The number of temporal repetitions corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The temporal repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The frequency domain repetition count corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The frequency domain repetition interval corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; The time-frequency position corresponding to the first resource mapping pattern; Wherein, the first resource size is the resource size occupied by the first pilot signal or the resource size occupied by the first data block.

12. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The first resource mapping pattern is indicated by a first bit map; the first indication information also includes the resource granularity corresponding to a bit in the first bit map.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause a first device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, or cause a second device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 8-12.

14. A chip system, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor, at least one memory, and an interface circuit, wherein the at least one memory, the interface circuit, and the at least one processor are interconnected by a circuit, and the at least one memory stores instructions; when the instructions are executed by the processor, they cause a first device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, or cause a second device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 8-12.

15. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes a first device and a second device, the first device being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the second device being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 8-12.

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