Perception method, terminal, and network-side device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a perception method, a terminal, and a network-side device. The perception method according to an embodiment of the present application comprises: a first node performs precoding processing on a first signal on the basis of first precoding information; the first node sends precoded first signals, wherein the first node sends the precoded first signals via a plurality of ports, the precoded first signals are pairwise orthogonal in a Doppler domain, and a beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within a perception angle range associated with the first precoding information; and the first node sends a first parameter to a second node, wherein the first parameter is used for indicating the first precoding information, and the second node is a receiving node of the precoded first signals.

Description

Sensing methods, terminals and network-side devices

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411974226.1, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 30, 2024, entitled "Sensing Method, Terminal and Network Side Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a sensing method, a terminal, and a network-side device. Background Technology

[0004] Perceptive Mobile Networks (PMNs) can simultaneously provide communication and wireless sensing services, and due to their wide frequency coverage and extensive facility distribution, they hold promise as a ubiquitous wireless sensing solution. However, current sensing methods cannot simultaneously achieve optimal sensing resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), resulting in poor sensing performance. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sensing scheme that balances both sensing resolution and SNR to improve sensing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a sensing method, a terminal, and a network-side device, which can solve the problem that sensing methods in related technologies cannot simultaneously achieve both sensing resolution and sensing signal-to-noise ratio.

[0006] In a first aspect, a sensing method is provided, comprising: a first node precoding a first signal based on first precoding information; the first node transmitting the precoded first signal; wherein the first node transmits the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals being orthogonal in the Doppler domain pairwise, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal being located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information; the first node transmitting a first parameter to a second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoding information, and the second node is a receiving node for the precoded first signal.

[0007] In a second aspect, a sensing method is provided, comprising: a second node receiving a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate first precoded information; the second node receiving a first signal after precoding processing sent by a first node; wherein the first signals after precoding processing are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the first signals after precoding processing is located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information; and the second node determining a sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signals after precoding processing and the first precoded information.

[0008] Thirdly, a sensing method is provided, comprising: a third node sending a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate first precoded information, the first precoded information being used to send a first signal; wherein, the first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals being orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal being located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0009] Fourthly, a sensing device is provided, applied to a first node, comprising: a processing module for precoding a first signal based on first precoding information; and a communication module for transmitting the precoded first signal; wherein the first node transmits the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals being orthogonal in the Doppler domain pairwise, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal being located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information; the communication module is further configured to transmit a first parameter to a second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoding information, and the second node is a receiving node for the precoded first signal.

[0010] Fifthly, a sensing device is provided, applied to a second node, comprising: a communication module for receiving a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate first precoded information; the communication module is further configured to receive a first signal processed by precoding sent by the first node; wherein the first signals processed by precoding are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the first signals processed by precoding is located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoding; and a processing module for determining a sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signals processed by precoding and the first precoding information.

[0011] In a sixth aspect, a sensing device is provided, applied to a third node, comprising: a communication module for transmitting a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate first precoded information, the first precoded information being used to transmit a first signal; wherein the first node transmits the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals being orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal being located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0012] In a seventh aspect, a sensing device is provided, the device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0013] Eighthly, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0014] A ninth aspect provides a terminal including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor and the communication interface are configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0015] In a tenth aspect, a network-side device is provided, the network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or implementing the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0016] Eleventhly, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor and the communication interface are configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0017] In a twelfth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0018] In a thirteenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal is configured to perform the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect, and the network-side device is configured to perform the steps of the method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0019] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0020] In a fifteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a storage medium, the computer program / program product being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0021] In this embodiment, the first node precodes the first signal based on the first precoding and sends the precoded first signal, so that the first signals sent by the first node through multiple ports are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial to fully utilize the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding, so that the energy of the first signal can be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, which is beneficial to improving sensing performance. In addition, the first node sends a first parameter to the second node, which is used to indicate the first precoding, which is beneficial to the second node to more accurately determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first precoding, thus improving sensing performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the configuration and interaction process of the perceptual precoding parameters according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of multipath propagation in a bistatic sensing scenario according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the channel response in the first dimension according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0038] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the required operation, or the requested result in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the required operation or requested result based on the judgment result.

[0039] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0040] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), and can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (APs), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.Among them, base stations can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform stations). The term "base station" can be any suitable term in the field, such as "station" or any other appropriate term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the base station in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of base station.

[0041] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (L-NEF), and Binding Support. Functions include BSF, Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), and Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform station).It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the core network equipment in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in the embodiments of this application changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it is also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0043] The perception method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0044] As shown in Figure 2, this application embodiment provides a sensing method 200, which can be executed by a first node. In other words, the method can be executed by software or hardware installed on the first node, and the method includes the following steps.

[0045] S202: The first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information.

[0046] In various embodiments of this application, the node that sends and / or receives the first signal (i.e., the sensing signal) is referred to as a sensing node. The sensing node may be a network-side device (such as a base station) or a terminal.

[0047] In the various embodiments of this application, the node that sends the first signal is referred to as the first node; the node that receives the first signal is referred to as the second node; and the devices in the core network, such as the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Sensing Function (SF), communication application server, sensing application server, etc. in the core network, are referred to as the third node.

[0048] This application embodiment enables the perception of a certain area or a certain entity target by sending and receiving a first signal between nodes.

[0049] The first signal can be a signal that does not contain transmitted information, such as existing LTE / NR synchronization and reference signals, including synchronization signals and physical broadcast channel (PBCH block, SSB) signals, channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), phase tracking reference signals (PTRS), etc.; it can also be radar-common single-frequency continuous wave (CW), frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), and ultra-wideband Gaussian pulses, etc.; it can also be a newly designed dedicated signal with good correlation characteristics and a low peak-to-average power ratio, or a newly designed integrated sensing signal that carries certain information and has good sensing performance. For example, the new signal is formed by splicing / combining / superimposing at least one dedicated sensing signal / reference signal and at least one communication signal in the time domain and / or frequency domain.

[0050] S204: The first node sends a pre-coded first signal; wherein the first node sends the pre-coded first signal through multiple ports, the pre-coded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the pre-coded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coded information.

[0051] The aforementioned sensing angle range can be determined based on the location of the sensing target or based on the sensing area.

[0052] The first precoded information is used to process the first signal and adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the first signal transmitted by each transmission port (or transmit port, port, transmit antenna port, etc.).

[0053] The first precoding information can be understood as a first precoding matrix, a first precoding vector, or a set of first precoding vectors. The first precoding matrix or the first precoding vector is a representation of the first precoding information, and its elements are the precoding coefficients of the first node's transmit port, which can be understood as the adjustment factor / adjustment coefficient of the amplitude and / or phase of the first signal transmitted by the first node to that transmit port.

[0054] Each row of the first precoding information (such as the first precoding matrix) corresponds to a transmission port, and each column corresponds to a transmission time unit (e.g., transmitting a symbol). The elements therein correspond to the amplitude and phase adjustment factors / coefficients of the corresponding transmission port and the transmission time unit.

[0055] Assuming the first node (sensing signal transmitter) has M transmission ports, the first sequence of the i-th transmission port can be represented as s. i [n], i = 1, 2, ..., M, n = 0, 1, ..., N-1, where N is the length of the first sequence sent.

[0056] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is an antenna system that uses multiple antennas at the transmitting end (i.e., the first node) and the receiving end (i.e., the second node) to form multiple channels between the transmitting and receiving ends.

[0057] This embodiment precodes the first signal using the first precoding information, ensuring that the first signals transmitted by the first node through multiple ports are orthogonal in the Doppler domain. This achieves high angular domain sensing accuracy and facilitates full utilization of the high angular resolution provided by the multiple ports of the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system. Simultaneously, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information, allowing the energy of the first signal to be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, avoiding energy waste and loss of sensing signal-to-noise ratio, and improving sensing performance.

[0058] S206: The first node sends a first parameter to the second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoded information, and the second node is the receiving node of the first signal after precoding.

[0059] This embodiment does not limit the order of S206 and S202; S202 can come first and S206 can come second.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second node can be used to receive the first signal after precoding (hereinafter referred to as receiving the first signal) and determine the measurement value or sensing result of the sensing quantity based on the first precoding information.

[0061] The sensing method provided in this application embodiment involves a first node precoding a first signal based on first precoding information and then transmitting the precoded first signal. This ensures that the first signals transmitted by the first node through multiple ports are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution provided by the multiple ports of the MIMO system (e.g., fully utilizing the array aperture formed by M transmit antenna ports to achieve MIMO sensing). Simultaneously, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information, allowing the energy of the first signal to be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, thus improving sensing performance. Furthermore, the first node transmits a first parameter to the second node, which is used to indicate the first precoding information. This allows the second node to more accurately determine the measured value or sensing result of the sensing quantity based on the first signal and the first precoding information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0062] The aforementioned sensing measurement or sensing result may include at least one of the following: the departure azimuth angle of the sensing target, the departure pitch angle of the sensing target, the arrival azimuth angle of the sensing target, the arrival pitch angle of the sensing target, the departure azimuth angle of at least one target path, the departure pitch angle of at least one target path, the arrival azimuth angle of at least one target path, and the arrival pitch angle of at least one target path; the distance between the sensing target and the first node and / or the second node, the velocity of the sensing target, the time delay of at least one target path, and the Doppler frequency of at least one target path.

[0063] The sensing measurement quantity may include at least one of the following: first-level measurement quantity (received signal / raw channel information); second-level measurement quantity (basic measurement quantity); third-level measurement quantity (basic attribute / state); fourth-level measurement quantity (advanced attribute / state), etc.

[0064] The perception result can be the measurement value of the aforementioned perception measurement quantity, obtained through further calculations (including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, or according to a predetermined function). Alternatively, the perception result can be the measurement value of at least one of the aforementioned perception measurement quantities.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first node may determine the first precoding information based on the first parameter; the first node may send the first parameter to the second node, the first parameter being used to indicate the first precoding information to the second node, that is, the second node may determine the first precoding information based on the first parameter.

[0066] The first parameter may include at least one of the following:

[0067] 1) The M row index values ​​of the second precoding information can be represented as {i1,i2,…,i...} M}, where the index subscript only indicates the relative size of the index value, and the index set {i1,i2,…,i} consisting of the M row index values.M} is a subset of the index set consisting of all row index values ​​of the second precoded information.

[0068] The second precoding information can be a second precoding matrix, etc.

[0069] 2) The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information can be represented as {k1,k2,…,k Q}, where the index subscript only indicates the relative size of the index value, and the index set {k1,k2,…,k} is composed of the Q column index values. Q} is a subset of the index set consisting of all column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information.

[0070] In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information, that is, the element of the second precoding information corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0071] This embodiment can determine the first precoding information from the second precoding information based on the first parameter, where the first precoding information can be a subset of the second precoding information.

[0072] In some embodiments, before the first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information, the method further includes: the first node determining second precoding information; the first node determining the first precoding information based on the second precoding information; wherein the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; and the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the sensing angle range.

[0073] In this embodiment, for example, the first node can be based on a first number of beams M. v And the number of third time-domain resources Q v Determine the second precoding information

[0074] The second precoding information can be determined according to the following formula:

[0075] Alternatively, determine using the following formula:

[0076] In the above formula, Q v The third time-domain resource number is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoding information, and satisfies the following condition: M v This refers to the number of the first beams, which is the total number of beams in the first beam set. The number of the first beams, M... vThe number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; m is the transmit antenna index. The second precoding information can be represented as:

[0077] Number of beams M v Or the number of resources in the third time domain Q v The value can be one of several preset typical values, that is, a set of preset fixed values, for example, M. v =8,12,16,64,128,256,…;Q v =128,256,1024,..., each preset typical value is associated with an index. Specifically, each preset first beam number M v Typical values ​​are associated with a first beam number index; or, for each pre-defined third time-domain resource number Q. v The typical value is associated with a third time-domain resource count index.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first node determines the second precoding information by: the first node determining the second precoding information based on a second parameter, wherein the second parameter may include at least one of the following:

[0079] 1) First angle information, which is used to determine the range of the sensing angle.

[0080] The first angle information can be used to describe the range of sensing angles. The first angle information may include at least one minimum angle θ used to describe the continuous range of sensing angles. min Maximum angle θ max It may also include multiple minimum angle values ​​θ. min Maximum angle θ max This corresponds to multiple non-overlapping continuous angle ranges; or, the first angle information is the range of sine or cosine values ​​of the perceived angle, for example, the first angle information is θ={θ|sinθ∈[a,b]}, where a and b represent the minimum and maximum values ​​of the sine of the perceived angle, respectively.

[0081] 2) First beam spacing Δ v The first beam spacing Δ v The interval between two adjacent beams in the first beam set.

[0082] The first beam spacing can be defined as... or in, The first beam interval Δ represents the angle pointed to by any two adjacent beams in the first beam set. v With the first number of beams M vThe following relation M is satisfied v Δ v =2.

[0083] 3) Number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M v It is equal to the number of row vectors of the second precoded information.

[0084] The first beam set can be used to configure the second precoding information; for details, please refer to the method for determining the second precoding information described above. Generally, satisfying M... v >M, for example, M v =2M, where M is the number of transmit antenna ports used by the first node for sensing.

[0085] 4) Second time-domain resource count The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within a coherent processing interval (CPI), and the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units.

[0086] The first time unit can be a symbol, time slot, or pulse, and the second time-domain resource number... The first time-domain resource number Q satisfies the following relationship: The first number of time-domain resources refers to the number of time-domain resources or resource sets of the first signal within a CPI, such as the number of symbols, time slots, or pulses of the first signal.

[0087] 5) Number of resources in the third time domain Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0088] The third time-domain resource number Q v This is used to configure the second precoding information; for details, please refer to the method for determining the second precoding information mentioned above.

[0089] This embodiment can determine the second precoding information using the second parameter described above, and further determine the first precoding information based on the second precoding information.

[0090] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the first node sending a second parameter to the second node; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first node can configure a second parameter for the second node. In this way, the second node can also use a similar method as the first node to determine the second precoding information based on the second parameter, and further determine the first precoding information based on the second precoding information.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first node determining the first precoding information based on the second precoding information includes: the first node determining the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; wherein, the first parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0093] 1) The M row index values ​​of the second precoding information can be represented as {i1,i2,…,i...} M}, where the index subscript only indicates the relative size of the index value, and the index set {i1,i2,…,i} consisting of the M row index values. M} is a subset of the index set consisting of all row index values ​​of the second precoded information.

[0094] 2) The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information can be represented as {k1,k2,…,k Q}, where the index subscript only indicates the relative size of the index value, and the index set {k1,k2,…,k} is composed of the Q column index values. Q} is a subset of the index set consisting of all column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information.

[0095] In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information, that is, the element of the second precoding information corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first node determines that the first precoding information, based on the first parameter and the second precoding information, includes at least one of the following:

[0097] 1) The first node, based on the first parameter, obtains the M from the second precoded information. v Among the row indices corresponding to the row vectors, determine the M consecutive row index values.

[0098] This embodiment uses a set of M consecutive row index values ​​to ensure that the first signals sent by the first node through the M ports are orthogonal in the Doppler domain.

[0099] 2) Based on the first parameter and the first angle information, the first node extracts the first M bits of the second precoding information. vFrom the column indices corresponding to the column vectors, determine the M column index values ​​of the first group; based on the column vectors corresponding to the M column index values, each group is spaced qM apart. v The column vectors of the column vectors are determined. group Each column index value, where Based on certainty The union of the column index values ​​yields Each column index value.

[0100] In this embodiment, the M column index values ​​of the first group can be represented as {j1,j2,…,j...} M}, where the index subscript only indicates the relative size of the index value.

[0101] The rest group Each column index value can be represented as:

[0102] Thus, the Q column index values ​​of the second precoded information can be represented as:

[0103] In this embodiment, the M row index values ​​{i1,i2,...,i...} of the second precoded information M} and Q column index values ​​{k1,k2,...,k Q The elements of the second precoding information that correspond to each other are the first precoding information, and the first precoding information is... It can be represented as:

[0104] The first precoding information is the sensing precoding used by the first node for sensing. The column vector corresponding to the qth column (q = 1, 2, ..., Q) of the first precoding information is the precoding vector used by the qth time-domain resource. The mth element (m = 1, 2, ..., M) of each precoding vector corresponds to the precoding coefficient (i.e., phase modulation coefficient) of the first signal at the mth transmit antenna port. Based on the above precoding process, the first signal can be concentrated within the sensing angle range corresponding to the first angle information, and the first signals at the M transmit ports are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain.

[0105] It should be noted that the first node and the second node are based on the number of first beams M. v The third time-domain resource number Q v The second precoding information is determined based on equations (1) and (2) (or equations (3) and (4)), and can be a rule pre-agreed upon by the network.

[0106] Optionally, the calculation method indication information of the second precoded information corresponding to Equations (1), (2) (or Equations (3), (4)) (e.g., the index of the method described by Equations (1), (2) (or Equations (3), (4))) can also be used as the content of the second parameter, and the first node can indicate it to the second node through the second parameter.

[0107] In some embodiments, before the first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information, the method further includes: the first node determining a third parameter, the third parameter being used to configure the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following:

[0108] 1) The number of transmission ports M of the first signal of the first node, that is, the number of transmission ports used for sensing, M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0109] 2) The spacing d between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission port of the first signal of the first node. t The distance d between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmitting port used for sensing. t The spacing d t This includes the horizontal and vertical spacing of the physical antennas or antenna subarrays; the number of transmission ports includes the number of horizontal transmission ports and the number of vertical ports.

[0110] 3) The transmission port index of the first signal of the first node, that is, the transmission port index used for sensing.

[0111] 4) The mapping relationship (or association relationship) between the transmitting port of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antenna or antenna subarray of the first signal, including the mapping relationship between the index of the first signal transmitting port of the first node and the index of the transmitting physical antenna or antenna subarray of the first signal.

[0112] 5) First sequence configuration information, which is used to determine the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to send the first signal.

[0113] 6) Time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0114] In this embodiment, the first node uses a determined third parameter to enable it to successfully send a first signal for sensing, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0115] In this embodiment, after the first node determines the third parameter, it can also send the third parameter to the second node, so that the second node can successfully receive the first signal for sensing and improve the sensing performance.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first sequence configuration information described above includes at least one of the following:

[0117] 1) Length of the first sequence.

[0118] 2) First sequence type indicator.

[0119] The first sequence type includes at least one of the following: m sequence, Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, Gold sequence, Walsh encoded sequence, Hadamard encoded sequence (a sequence composed of rows / column vectors of a Hadamard matrix), and Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequence; the first sequence type indicator may be an index of the above-mentioned first sequence type.

[0120] 3) First sequence parameter configuration information.

[0121] If the first sequence includes an m-sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: the initial value c of the m-sequence shift register. init , m-sequence primitive polynomial, m-sequence truncation position.

[0122] If the first sequence includes a Gold sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: the initial value c of the m-sequence shift register used to generate the Gold sequence. init 1. The primitive polynomial of the m-sequence used to generate the Gold sequence; 2. The truncation position of the m-sequence used to generate the Gold sequence.

[0123] If the first sequence includes the ZC sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: the root number of the ZC sequence and the cyclic shift value of the ZC sequence.

[0124] If the first sequence includes a Walsh-encoded sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes the Walsh-encoded sequence index.

[0125] If the first sequence includes a Hadamard encoded sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: a Hadamard encoded sequence index, or an index of the Hadamard matrix used to generate the Hadamard encoded sequence, a row vector index of the Hadamard matrix used to generate the Hadamard encoded sequence, and a column vector index of the Hadamard matrix used to generate the Hadamard encoded sequence.

[0126] If the first sequence includes a ZCZ sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: a ZCZ sequence generation method indicator (used to indicate whether the ZCZ sequence is generated based on a base sequence (e.g., an m-sequence, a ZC sequence) or a lookup table generation method), a ZCZ sequence phase coding modulation order (radix) indicator (i.e., indicating the ZCZ sequence m-PSK type, equivalently, indicating the value of m. Common values ​​of m include 2 and 4, i.e., BPSK and QPSK, and m can also be any other integer greater than 1), and the number M of ZCZ sequences in the ZCZ sequence set. ZCZ (Indicates the maximum number of available sequences in the ZCZ sequence set used for sensing. For MIMO sensing, the number of transmit antenna ports M ≤ M) ZCZ The length of the zero cross-correlation region Z in the ZCZ sequence (this parameter can be configured directly, or it can be combined with the length N of the first sequence and the number M of ZCZ sequences in the ZCZ sequence set). ZCZ The first sequence parameter configuration information includes at least one of the following: perception requirements, prior perception information, historical perception measurement values, historical perception results, and historical perception performance evaluation indicators; and parameters of the initial sequence used to generate the ZCZ sequence (the initial sequence can be an m-sequence, a ZC sequence, a Walsh-coded sequence, or a Hadamard-coded sequence; for example, if the ZCZ sequence is generated based on an m-sequence, then the first sequence parameter configuration information includes the initial value c of the shift register of the m-sequence used to generate the ZCZ sequence). init (Primitive polynomial, truncation position).

[0127] In this embodiment, the first node can determine the first sequence based on the first sequence configuration information, and then send a first signal based on the first sequence to perform sensing, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0128] The time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal includes at least one of the following:

[0129] 1) The first number of time-domain resources Q, where the first number of time-domain resources is a number of time-domain resources or resource sets within a CPI, such as the number of symbols, time slots, or pulses of the first signal.

[0130] 2) First time-domain resource interval T p The first time-domain resource interval is the time-domain interval between two adjacent time units of the first signal, and the time unit can be a symbol, etc.

[0131] 3) Number of first frequency domain resources, which is the number of frequency resources or resource sets of the first signal in the frequency domain, for example, the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) / the number of resource elements (REs) of the first signal.

[0132] 4) First frequency domain resource interval, which is the frequency domain interval between two adjacent resource units of the first signal. The resource unit can be a resource or a resource set, such as RE, PRB.

[0133] In this embodiment, the first node can send the first signal based on the time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal to perform sensing, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0134] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the first node acquiring first information; wherein the first information is used to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information; and the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

[0135] For details regarding the first parameter, second parameter, third parameter, second precoding information, and first precoding information, please refer to the descriptions in other embodiments.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0137] 1) Historical measurement values ​​of the perceived quantity or perceived result.

[0138] The sensing measurement or sensing result includes at least one of the following: the departure azimuth angle of the sensing target, the departure pitch angle of the sensing target, the arrival azimuth angle of the sensing target, the arrival pitch angle of the sensing target, the departure azimuth angle of at least one target path, the departure pitch angle of at least one target path, the arrival azimuth angle of at least one target path, and the arrival pitch angle of at least one target path; the distance between the sensing target and the first node and / or the second node, the velocity of the sensing target, the time delay of at least one target path, and the Doppler frequency of at least one target path.

[0139] For a detailed explanation of the above-mentioned sensing measurement quantities, please refer to Explanation 1 below; for a detailed explanation of the target path, please refer to Explanation 2 below.

[0140] 2) Historical measurements of perceived performance evaluation indicators.

[0141] For a detailed explanation of the perceived performance evaluation metrics, please refer to Explanation 3 below.

[0142] 3) Perceive prior information.

[0143] The prior information of perception includes at least one of the following:

[0144] a. The location coordinates of at least one perceived target, or a range of location coordinates.

[0145] b. An angular range of at least one perceived target, including at least one of the following: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, and arrival pitch.

[0146] c. The angular range of at least one target path, including at least one of the following: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, and arrival pitch.

[0147] d. Perceive the number of targets.

[0148] e. Number of target paths.

[0149] f. The position coordinates of at least one second node, or the angle and distance of at least one second node relative to at least one first node.

[0150] g. Prior information on channel state, including the line-of-sight (LOS) / non-line-of-sight (NLOS) state from at least one first node and / or at least one second node to at least one sensing target, the LOS / NLOS state between at least one first node and at least one second node, the coherence time of the channel formed by at least one target path, the coherence time of the channel between at least one first node and at least one second node, the angular spread of the channel formed by at least one target path, and other information related to the channel state.

[0151] h. Prior environmental information, including the position coordinates of at least one primary environmental reflector in the perceived environment, or angular information (including the departure azimuth and / or departure pitch angle of the environmental reflector relative to at least one first node, the arrival azimuth and / or arrival pitch angle of the environmental reflector relative to at least one second node, and the angular relationship of the environmental reflector relative to at least one perceived target), or distance information (i.e., the distance between the environmental reflector and at least one of the first node, the second node, and the perceived target). It should be noted that the angular relationships mentioned above are all angular relationships within a given coordinate system.

[0152] 4) Perceive demand information.

[0153] The sensing requirements information may include at least one of the following: sensing service type, sensing service priority, sensing detection probability, sensing false detection probability, sensing recognition accuracy requirement, sensing resolution requirement, sensing precision requirement, sensing error requirement, sensing delay budget, maximum sensing range requirement, continuous sensing capability requirement, and sensing update frequency requirement.

[0154] In this embodiment, the first node acquires first information, and then can determine the first parameter, the second parameter, or the third parameter based on the first information. For information on the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, please refer to the description of other embodiments.

[0155] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the first node sending second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0156] The second information is generally from the first node and is usually held by the first node. The first node can send the second information to the third node, which uses this information to determine the first, second, or third parameter. The first node can also send the second information to the second node, which uses this information to determine the first, second, or third parameter, and then receive the first signal.

[0157] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0158] 1) Antenna port topology, that is, the topological information of the physical subarray preset reference point / physical antenna element connected to the antenna port in physical space.

[0159] 2) The relationship between the antenna port and the physical antenna elements or physical subarray;

[0160] 3) Number of physical subarrays, including the number of physical subarrays in the horizontal and / or vertical directions.

[0161] 4) The number of physical antenna elements within the physical subarray, including the number of physical antenna elements in the horizontal and / or vertical directions.

[0162] 5) Spacing between preset reference points of the physical subarray, including horizontal element spacing and vertical element spacing.

[0163] 6) Spacing between physical antenna elements within the physical subarray, including horizontal element spacing and vertical element spacing.

[0164] 7) Physical subarray array information, for example, indicating at least one of the following: the physical subarray is a linear array, a rectangular array, a circular array, a cylindrical array, etc.

[0165] 8) Physical antenna array (or panel) orientation information, for example, the angle between the normal direction of the physical antenna array panel (the direction of the parallel line of the physical antenna array panel) and any coordinate axis of the coordinate system in a preset coordinate system.

[0166] 9) Physical antenna array aperture, including physical subarray aperture and the entire physical antenna array aperture.

[0167] 10) Physical antenna polarization characteristics.

[0168] 11) Physical antenna element gain, including antenna gain in different directions, i.e. 2D / 3D antenna pattern.

[0169] Optionally, based on any of the above embodiments, the first node and the second node may also determine at least one of the following based on the first measurement: first angle information, historical measurement value of the sensing measurement quantity or sensing result, historical measurement value of the sensing performance evaluation index, and sensing prior information.

[0170] For example, the first or third node is configured with K (1≤K≤M,K∈Z) time-frequency resources / resource sets, wherein... K Each resource / resource set is associated with at least one continuous sensing angle range, the sensing angle range containing at least one sensing target or target path; at least one of the K resource / resource sets is associated with at least one index of the M transmit antenna port indices used for sensing. The second node sends the first angle information, historical measurement values ​​of sensing measurements or sensing results, historical measurement values ​​of sensing performance evaluation indicators, and sensing prior information to the first node or the third node.

[0171] To illustrate the sensing method provided in the embodiments of this application in detail, the following description will be based on several specific embodiments.

[0172] Example 1

[0173] This embodiment mainly introduces the configuration and interaction process of perceptual precoding parameters.

[0174] The parameter configuration and interaction process of the perceptual precoding may include the following steps:

[0175] Step 1: The first node and / or the third node obtain the first information, including any of the following cases:

[0176] 1) The first node obtains the first information, which is sent to the first node by the third node and / or the second node.

[0177] 2) The first node and the third node obtain the first information. The first information is sent from the second node to the third node, and the third node then sends the first information back to the first node.

[0178] 3) The third node obtains the first information, which is sent from the second node to the third node.

[0179] Optionally, the third node obtains the second information, which is sent from the first node to the third node.

[0180] Optionally, the first node and the second node perform the first measurement, and the second node obtains at least one of the following: first angle information, historical measurement values ​​of the perceived measurement quantity or perception result, historical measurement values ​​of the perception performance evaluation index, and perception prior information.

[0181] The first information includes at least one of the following: historical measurement values ​​of the sensing measurement quantity or sensing result, historical measurement values ​​of the sensing performance evaluation index, sensing prior information, and sensing demand information.

[0182] Step 2: The first node determines at least one of the following based on the first information and / or the second information: a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. The third node determines at least one of the following based on the first information and / or the second information: a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter.

[0183] For details regarding the first, second, and third parameters, please refer to the descriptions in other embodiments.

[0184] Step 3: The first node and / or the third node send the perception precoding parameters to the second node. The perception precoding parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, a second parameter, a third parameter, first information, and second information. This step includes any of the following cases:

[0185] 1) The first node sends the sensing precoding parameters to the second node.

[0186] 2) The third node sends the sensing precoding parameters to the first and second nodes.

[0187] 3) The third node sends the sensing precoding parameters to the first node; the first node sends the sensing precoding parameters to the second node.

[0188] In this process, the first node sends sensing precoding parameters to the second node. Specifically, this can be carried via broadcast / multicast in the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) or System Information Block (SIB), or via unicast in Radio Resource Control (RRC) or Downlink Control Information (DCI). Alternatively, a combination of both can be used, where broadcast messages indicate some common information, and unicast messages indicate other user-specified information.

[0189] The first angle information, historical measurement values ​​of sensing measurements or sensing results, historical measurement values ​​of sensing performance evaluation indicators, and sensing prior information sent by the second node to the first node and / or the third node can be carried in NAS signaling (to AMF) or RRC signaling or Medium Access Control (MAC) control element (CE) or Uplink Control Information (UCI); or they can be reported through the user plane (e.g., PDU session in the core network and DRB on the RAN side).

[0190] Step 4: The first node and the second node determine the first signal based on the third parameter; the first node and the second node determine the sensing precoding (i.e., the first precoding information) based on the first parameter and the second parameter; the first node sends the first signal, which is processed by the first precoding information; the second node receives the first signal, performs sensing, and determines the sensing measurement value or sensing result.

[0191] Step 5: The second node sends the perceived measurement value or perception result to the third node and / or the first node; optionally, the third node or the first node sends the perceived measurement value or perception result to the perception demand party, such as an external application server.

[0192] As shown in Figure 3(a), in one specific embodiment, the first node determines the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, and sends them to the second node; as shown in Figure 3(b), in another embodiment, the third node determines the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, and sends them to the first node, and the first node then sends the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter to the second node.

[0193] It should be noted that: (1) In this scheme, the order in which the first node or the third node sends the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter may be different from that shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b), and their order is not limited; (2) In the embodiment shown in Figure 3(b), the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter may also be sent directly from the third node to the second node; (3) This scheme also includes the case where the first node determines at least part of the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, and the third node determines the other part of the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter, which will not be elaborated here.

[0194] Example 2

[0195] This embodiment mainly introduces a perception method based on perception precoding.

[0196] This embodiment describes a method for achieving MIMO sensing based on sensing precoding for the first and second nodes. The sensing measurement process is divided into two steps. The first step uses an omnidirectional beam to determine an unambiguous Doppler (which can simultaneously determine the approximate location and number of targets). The second step feeds back the first precoded information to achieve beam convergence, improve the sensing SNR, and enhance sensing performance.

[0197] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0198] Step 1: If the first measurement has not been performed and the first node or the third node does not know the first angle information, the first node or the third node determines the fourth parameter, which is used to configure the first measurement; optionally, the content of the fourth parameter can be exactly the same as or partially the same as the content of the first parameter.

[0199] Method 1:

[0200] The first node or the third node determines the number of the first beams M′. v .

[0201] Assume that the number of transmit antenna ports used for the first measurement is M′, satisfying M′ v >M′; for example, M′ v =M′+2.

[0202] The first or third node is configured with K′ (1≤K′≤M′, K′∈Z) time-frequency resources / resource sets for the first measurement.

[0203] The first node uses M′ transmitting antenna ports to send a second signal, which is used for the first measurement; optionally, the second signal can be exactly the same as the first signal; the second signals sent by the M′ transmitting antenna ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0204] Method Two:

[0205] The first or third node determines the number M of the second beam. s The second number of beams is the number of beams used by the first node for beam scanning.

[0206] Assume that the number of transmit antenna ports used for the first measurement is M′, satisfying M s ≥M′; for example, M s =M′.

[0207] The first node or the third node configures K″ (K″≥M′, K″∈Z) time-frequency resources / resource sets for the first measurement; the K″ (K″≥M′, K″∈Z) time-frequency resources / resource sets and the M s Each beam (or its corresponding beam index) is associated.

[0208] The first node uses M′ transmit antenna ports to send a second signal, which is used for the first measurement; the second signals sent by the M′ transmit antenna ports are correlated with each other by 1.

[0209] Step 2: The first node and the second node perform the first measurement.

[0210] Measurement Method 1:

[0211] The second node can perform Doppler deblurring based on the Doppler Division Multiple Access (DDMA) radar deblurring method to obtain the true Doppler measurement value of the perceived target, and the second node acquires the first angle information.

[0212] Measurement Method Two:

[0213] The second node determines at least one target beam of the first node based on the sensing performance evaluation index obtained by receiving the second signal (see Explanation 3), and the target beam corresponds to the sensing angle range.

[0214] The second node obtains the first angle information.

[0215] Step 3: The first node and / or the third node execute the perceptual precoding parameter configuration and interaction process (see the technical solution and embodiment 1 of this application).

[0216] Example 3

[0217] This embodiment mainly introduces a specific sensing process.

[0218] Assuming the first node has M = 4 transmit ports, for a traditional DDMA MIMO radar, the beam angle is sinθ. v ={-0.5,0,0.5,1}, with a beam azimuth step size of 0.5, precise transmission is not possible. Assuming the region of interest is Θ = {θ|sinθ∈[0,0.3]}, and Q = 256 is the number of available time-domain resources (symbols or pulses), then:

[0219] The beam direction step size formed by the perceptual precoding is Δ v =2 / M v =0.1, because [0,0.3] needs to be divided into M=4 equal parts according to the actual number of antennas, namely 0,0.1,0.2,0.3, so the interval is 0.1.

[0220] The corresponding number of first beams M v =2 / 0.1=20.

[0221] Second time domain resource count The value is Then the number of resources in the third time domain

[0222] Therefore, the dimension is M. v ×Q v The second precoding information (phase modulation matrix) W (v) for:

[0223] Since the beam directions are sinθ v =0,0.1,0.2,0.3, therefore only W needs to be processed. (v) Extract the first M=4 columns, then every M... v = 20 draws per round, total draws Next, the Q column is finally obtained; during the extraction process, any four consecutive rows can be selected; this process determines the M row index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information and the Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information.

[0224] In this embodiment, if rows 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the second precoding information are selected, and combined with the steps described above, the determined first precoding information is as follows:

[0225] Assuming f1, f2, f3, and f4 are determined according to equation (2), then:

[0226] Substituting into the above equation, we get:

[0227] Using the first precoding information mentioned above for MIMO signal precoding can achieve DDMA MIMO sensing at the transmitter M=4 port while ensuring that the sensing signal energy is concentrated in the angle range of Θ={θ|sinθ∈[0,0.3]}.

[0228] The terms used in the various embodiments of this application will be explained below.

[0229] Explanation 1: Perceived measurement quantity.

[0230] Sensing measurements may include at least one of the following:

[0231] 1) First-level measurement quantities (received signal / raw channel information), including: complex results of received signal / channel response, amplitude / phase, I-channel / Q-channel and their operation results (operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication, matrix transpose, trigonometric operations, square root operations and power operations, etc., as well as threshold detection results, maximum / minimum value extraction results, etc. of the above operation results; operations also include Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) / Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT), 2D-FFT, 3D-FFT, matched filtering, autocorrelation operation, wavelet transform and digital filtering, etc., as well as threshold detection results, maximum / minimum value extraction results, etc. of the above operation results).

[0232] 2) Second-level measurement quantities (basic measurement quantities), including: time delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, and their multidimensional combination representations.

[0233] 3) Third-level measurement quantities (basic attributes / states), including: distance, velocity, orientation, spatial position, and acceleration.

[0234] 4) Fourth-level measurement quantities (advanced attributes / status), including: target existence, trajectory, action, expression, vital signs, quantity, imaging results, weather, air quality, shape, material, and composition.

[0235] 5) Perception result, which may be the measurement value of the above-mentioned perception measurement quantity, obtained by further calculation (including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, or according to a certain predetermined function). The perception result may also be the measurement value of at least one of the above-mentioned perception measurement quantities.

[0236] The aforementioned perception measurement may also include corresponding label information, including at least one of the following:

[0237] 1) Perceive signal identification information.

[0238] 2) Sensing measurement configuration identification information.

[0239] 3) Perceive business information, such as perceiving business ID.

[0240] 4) Data subscription ID.

[0241] 5) Measurement applications, such as communication, sensing, and synesthesia.

[0242] 6) Time information, such as timestamps.

[0243] 7) Sensing node information, such as UE ID, node location, and device orientation.

[0244] 8) Sensing link information, such as sensing link sequence number and transceiver node identifier.

[0245] 9) Measurement description information may include format, such as amplitude value, phase value, or complex value combining amplitude and phase; it may also include resource type, such as time-domain measurement results or frequency-domain resource measurement results.

[0246] 10) Measurement indicators, such as SNR and perceived SNR.

[0247] Explanation 2: Target path.

[0248] The node that sends the first signal is referred to as the first node, and the node that receives the first signal is referred to as the second node. The first node and the second node can be network-side devices or terminals. To clearly illustrate the various embodiments of this application, the multipath between the first node and the second node is divided as follows:

[0249] 1) The first target path is a multipath from the first node to the sensing target and then to the second node, without passing through environmental reflectors; for example, the multipath OAP in Figure 4, wherein Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of multipath propagation in a bistatic sensing scenario according to an embodiment of this application.

[0250] 2) The second target path is a multipath from the first node to the environmental reflector, then to the perceived target, and then to the second node; for example, the multipath OBAP in Figure 4.

[0251] 3) The third target path is a multipath from the first node to the perceived target, then to the environmental reflector, and then to the second node; for example, the multipath OACP in Figure 4.

[0252] 4) The fourth target path is a multipath from the first node to the environmental reflector, then to the perceived target, then to the environmental reflector, and then to the second node; for example, the multipath OBACP in Figure 4.

[0253] 5) The fifth target path is a multipath that does not pass through the perceived target, including the direct path from the first node to the second node, such as the multipath OP in Figure 4; and the multipath from the first node to the environmental reflector and then to the second node, such as the multipath OBP and multipath ODEP in Figure 4.

[0254] Among the aforementioned multipath types, those associated with the sensing target, including the first target path, second target path, third target path, and fourth target path, can provide the sensing receiver (i.e., the second node) with sensing target information from different observation perspectives. When the second node has prior information about the environmental reflectors (e.g., reflection coefficient, position, distance, relative angle, etc.), or can simultaneously determine this information during measurement, it can achieve superior sensing performance compared to using only the first target path by additionally utilizing any one of the second to fourth target paths. This includes improved sensing SNR / SINR, enhanced detection performance, improved sensing accuracy, and acquisition of more comprehensive sensing information.

[0255] Multipaths not directly associated with the sensing target, i.e., the fifth target path, are generally considered self-interference and background clutter. However, if some prior sensing information is known, such as the first and second nodes, or the position coordinates and state (including whether it is stationary or in motion, i.e., velocity magnitude and direction) of environmental reflectors, the fifth target path can be used to eliminate non-ideal factors between the first and second nodes, such as carrier frequency offset, timing offset, sampling frequency offset, random phase, etc. Furthermore, through sensing measurements, the second node determines the state of environmental reflectors based on such multipaths. This measurement information can be further used to subsequently determine the sensing target information, or to determine the second to fourth target path information.

[0256] The environmental reflector can be a whole composed of one or more physical objects in the environment.

[0257] Explanation 3: Perceived performance evaluation indicators.

[0258] Perception performance evaluation indicators can be calculated based on perception measurements, including at least one of the following:

[0259] 1) Target indicators, for specific definitions and calculation methods, please refer to Explanation 4.

[0260] 2) The statistical mean, standard deviation, or variance of multiple measurements of the same perceptual quantity.

[0261] 3) The deviation between the predicted value and the actual measured value of the perceived measurement / perception result, and the statistical mean, standard deviation or variance of the deviation.

[0262] 4) Evaluation metrics related to fuzzy functions include the Normalized Sidelobe Level (NSL), which is the height of the highest sidelobe of the normalized fuzzy function; or the ratio of the main lobe to the highest sidelobe of the fuzzy function (or the ratio of the highest sidelobe to the main lobe); in addition, it may also include the number of normalized fuzzy function sidelobes / total power / total energy with peak values ​​higher than a given threshold, the width of the fuzzy function main lobe (3dB width), etc.

[0263] 5) The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is the lowest variance achievable by all unbiased estimators. Mathematically, it is equal to the reciprocal of the Fisher information. This evaluation index is related to the perceived SNR.

[0264] 6) The Capacity-Distortion Tradeoff quantitatively gives the maximum achievable rate of reliable transmission in a synthetic system under a given distortion constraint.

[0265] 7) Equivalent Mean Square Error (MSE): The spectral efficiency of communication is converted into an equivalent radar mean square error, which is then calculated in combination with the lower bound of the sensing Cramer-Rao.

[0266] 8) Radar Estimation-Communication Rate: The sensing channel is treated as a non-cooperative communication channel, and the mutual information between the sensing system and the target is the estimation rate.

[0267] 9) Welch Bound.

[0268] 10) Perceptual reproducibility evaluation metrics (such as the sum of Euclidean distances between sample points of two consecutive sequences, or the regular path distance in Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), or other metrics that can reflect the similarity between two sequences, including but not limited to: Longest Common Subsequence (LCSS), Edit Distance on Real Sequences (EDR), Edit Distance with Real Penalty (ERP), Hausdorff Distance, Fréchet Distance, One Way Distance (OWD), Locality In-between Polylines (LIP), etc.).

[0269] 11) The calculation result is obtained by performing at least two of the above target indicators, fuzzy function related indicators, and Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

[0270] Explanation 4: Target indicators.

[0271] Target metrics refer to perception-related metrics measured by receiving devices such as base stations / UEs, including at least one of the following three categories:

[0272] 1. Indicators related to receiving power.

[0273] First metric (received power of the target path): The linear average (in W) of the received power of the target path in the resource unit carrying the first signal, measured in the channel response to the first signal. The resource unit is a time-domain and / or frequency-domain resource unit.

[0274] 2. Indicators related to interference and noise power.

[0275] The second metric is the sum of the linear average power of the paths other than the target path in the channel response of the first signal on the target resource, and the linear average power of the interference and noise from other signals other than the first signal on the target resource or other resources (e.g., resources configured for higher-layer signaling) (in W); wherein the target resource can be a time-frequency domain resource unit carrying the first signal.

[0276] The second metric = total received power - the first metric; where total received power can be expressed as: the linear average of the total received power on the target resource (including the received power of signals from the serving cell and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference and thermal noise, etc.) (in W); or, total received power = RSSI * K1, where K1 is a coefficient, the resource for measuring RSSI is the target resource or other resources (e.g., resources configured by higher-layer signaling), and the definition of RSSI is the same as in 3GPP TS38.215.

[0277] The third indicator is the linear average value (in W) of the interference and noise power from signals other than the first signal on the target resource or other resources (such as resources configured by higher-level signaling); wherein, the target resource can be a time-frequency domain resource unit carrying the first signal.

[0278] The third indicator = total received power - first signal received power; where the first signal received power is the RSRP of the first signal, and the RSRP is defined in the same way as TS38.215.

[0279] Fourth index: the linear average power of the paths other than the target path in the channel response of the first signal on the target resource (in W); Fourth index = RSRP of the first signal - First index.

[0280] 3. Perceive several indicators related to SINR / SNR / SIR / RSRQ.

[0281] The fifth indicator (first-level perception SINR / SNR / SIR) = the first indicator / the second indicator.

[0282] The sixth indicator (second type of perception SINR / SNR / SIR) = the first indicator / the third indicator.

[0283] The seventh indicator (the third type of perception SINR / SNR / SIR) = the first indicator / the fourth indicator.

[0284] The eighth indicator (perceived RSRQ) = K2 * the first indicator / total received power, where K2 is a coefficient.

[0285] The target paths mentioned above include at least one of the following: the first target path, the second target path, the third target path, the fourth target path, and the fifth target path.

[0286] The first indicator is calculated as follows: The terminal performs channel estimation based on the transmitted first signal X(k) and the corresponding received signal Y(k) to obtain the channel response H(k) = Y(k) / X(k), where k = 0, 1, 2, ..., K-1 represents the resource unit index. After obtaining the channel response H(k), the terminal transforms it to the first dimension and determines the target path in the first dimension. Then, the power of the target path is calculated as the first indicator. If the target path includes multiple paths, the sum of the power of the multiple paths is calculated as the first indicator.

[0287] The first dimension includes one of the following: time delay dimension; Doppler dimension; azimuth dimension; pitch angle dimension; or a dimension combining at least two of the time delay dimension, Doppler dimension, azimuth dimension, and pitch angle dimension. For example, time delay-Doppler dimension, time delay-Doppler-angle dimension, etc.

[0288] For example, H(f) is the channel response, where f = 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1 represents the frequency domain sampling points (e.g., subcarrier index). Then, by performing an inverse Fourier transform on H(f), it can be transformed to the time delay dimension (the first dimension). As another example, H(f,t) is the channel response, where f = 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1 represents the frequency domain sampling points (e.g., subcarrier index), and t = 0, 1, 2, ..., M-1 represents the time domain sampling points (e.g., OFDM symbol index). Then, by performing an inverse Fourier transform along the frequency domain and a Fourier transform along the time domain, it can be transformed to the time delay dimension. The first dimension is the delay-Doppler dimension. For example, H(f,t,s) is the channel response, where f = 0,1,2,…,N-1 represents the frequency domain sampling points (e.g., subcarrier index), t = 0,1,2,…,M-1 represents the time domain sampling points (e.g., OFDM symbol index), and s = 0,1,2,…,P-1 represents the spatial domain sampling points (antenna index or port index). Then, by performing an inverse Fourier transform along the frequency domain dimension, a Fourier transform along the time domain dimension, and a Fourier transform along the antenna domain dimension on H(f,t,s), it can be transformed to the delay-Doppler-angle dimension (the first dimension).

[0289] The method for determining the target path in the channel response obtained from the first signal measurement is as follows:

[0290] 1. Determine the first path set. The first path set includes paths whose amplitude / power / intensity / energy exceeds a certain threshold after the channel response is transformed to the first dimension. (For example, in Figure 5, paths 0, 1, 2, and 3 are paths in the first path set); the threshold can be set to be higher than the noise threshold or higher than the noise interference threshold. Note: This step (determining the first path set) is optional; you can determine the target path based solely on the next step.

[0291] 2. Select a path that satisfies the first condition from the first set of paths or from all paths, and use it as the target path.

[0292] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0293] 1) The amplitude / power / intensity / energy of the path exceeds the preset threshold or is within the preset range; for example, the preset threshold is 6dB above the noise threshold.

[0294] 2) The Doppler amplitude of the path exceeds the preset threshold or is within the preset range.

[0295] 3) The path delay exceeds the preset threshold or is within the preset range.

[0296] 4) The angle of the diameter exceeds the preset threshold or is within the preset range.

[0297] 5) The difference between the amplitude / power / intensity / energy of the first-reaching path (e.g., the LOS path) or the reference path (e.g., the signal path reflected by a known target (e.g., a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) / backscatter device / other known passive target, etc.)) exceeds a preset threshold or is within a preset range.

[0298] 6) The Doppler difference between the path and the first path (e.g., the LOS path) or the reference path (e.g., the path of a signal reflected by a known target (e.g., RIS / Backscatter device / other known passive targets)) exceeds a preset threshold or is within a preset range.

[0299] 7) The time delay difference between the path and the first path (e.g., the LOS path) or the reference path (e.g., the signal path reflected by a known target (e.g., RIS / Backscatter device / other known passive targets)) exceeds a preset threshold or is within a preset range.

[0300] 8) The angle difference between the path and the first path (e.g., the LOS path) or the reference path (e.g., the path of a signal reflected by a known target (e.g., RIS / Backscatter device / other known passive targets)) exceeds a preset threshold or is within a preset range.

[0301] 9) The amplitude / power / intensity / energy or phase of the path satisfies a specific modulation rule, which is the modulation rule of the Tag / Backscatter device / RIS, that is, the target path can be a path that has been modulated and reflected by the Tag / Backscatter device / RIS.

[0302] It should be noted that the first condition of each of the above can also be based on the results of statistics over a period of time; for example, the proportion of the above indicators (such as Doppler of the path, the time delay of the path, etc.) exceeding the preset threshold or falling within the preset range within the preset time window reaches the preset proportion, or the number of times the above indicators (such as Doppler of the path, the time delay of the path, etc.) exceed the preset threshold or fall within the preset range within the preset time window reaches the preset number.

[0303] The preset threshold or set range is sent to the receiving device by other devices, and determined by those other devices based on prior sensing information or sensing requirements. Alternatively, the preset threshold or set range is determined by the receiving device based on prior sensing information or sensing requirements.

[0304] Among them, the prior information for perception or the need for perception includes at least one of the following:

[0305] 1) Sensing services or types of sensing services, such as detecting the presence of a target, positioning, velocity detection, distance detection, angle detection, acceleration detection, material analysis, composition analysis, shape detection, category classification, and radar cross section (RCS). The sensing services include: Section (RCS) detection, polarization scattering characteristic detection, fall detection, intrusion detection, quantity statistics, indoor positioning, gesture recognition, lip reading, gait recognition, facial expression recognition, respiration monitoring, heart rate monitoring, pulse monitoring, humidity / brightness / temperature / atmospheric pressure monitoring, air quality monitoring, weather condition monitoring, environmental reconstruction, terrain and landform, building / vegetation distribution detection, pedestrian or vehicle flow detection, crowd density, vehicle density detection, etc. The sensing service types can be classified according to certain characteristics, such as by function (detection-type sensing services, including intrusion detection and fall detection), parameter estimation-type sensing services (distance, angle, and speed calculation), and recognition-type sensing services (action recognition, identity recognition), etc. They can also be classified by sensing range (near-range sensing, medium-range sensing, and long-range sensing), by sensing fineness (coarse-grained sensing, fine-grained sensing, etc.), by power consumption / energy consumption, and by resource usage, etc. If the sensing service is respiratory monitoring, the corresponding normal respiratory rate can be determined based on the person's gender and age (e.g., male: 13-21 breaths / minute, female: 15-20 breaths / minute; adult: 12-20 breaths / minute, child: approximately 30-40 breaths / minute), which can be used as prior information for sensing.

[0306] 2) Target area: refers to the location area of ​​the perceived object, or the location area that needs to be imaged or reconstructed; for example, a preset range of time delay for determining the target path based on the approximate location / distance of the perceived object.

[0307] 3) Sensing object type: Sensing objects are classified according to their possible motion characteristics. Each sensing object type includes information such as the typical motion velocity range, motion acceleration range, and typical RCS range of the sensing object.

[0308] 4) The number of targets perceived; for example, the camera's perception results, as a kind of prior information, can be used to determine the number of targets perceived.

[0309] For example, in Figure 5, paths 0, 1, 2, and 3 are paths in the first path set, where paths 2 and 3 are sensing paths that satisfy the first condition (e.g., their time delay satisfies a preset threshold), and paths 0 and 1 are paths associated with other scatterers.

[0310] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of multipath in the first dimension of the channel response according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, the first dimension may be the time delay dimension, Doppler dimension, azimuth dimension, or elevation dimension; the horizontal axis in Figure 5 is the first dimension, and the vertical axis is the normalized amplitude / power / intensity / energy.

[0311] For frequency range 1, the reference point for the first indicator can be the antenna connector of the receiving device, such as a terminal. For frequency range 1, if the receiving device has multiple receiving channels, the first indicator measured and reported by the receiving device cannot be lower than the indicator of any single receiving channel. For frequency range 2, the first indicator measured for a certain receiving channel needs to be obtained by measuring the combined signal on multiple antenna elements corresponding to that receiving channel.

[0312] Calculation method 2 for the first indicator (optional): Optionally, when calculating the received power of the target path, it can also be the power of the target path in the first dimension combined with... The difference is used as the first indicator, where N1 represents the number of target paths. It represents the average power of multiple paths outside the first path set in the first dimension.

[0313] The calculation method for the received power of the first signal is as follows: After the receiving device obtains the channel response H(k), it transforms it to the first dimension, determines the first path set in the first dimension, and then calculates the sum of the power of all paths in the first path set.

[0314] Method 2 for calculating the received power of the first signal (optional): The received power of the first signal can also be the sum of the powers of all paths in the first path set in the first dimension. The difference, where N2 represents the number of paths in the first path set.

[0315] How to calculate total received power:

[0316] Total received power

[0317] The second index is calculated by passing the channel response H(k) through the first filtering process to obtain H. filter1 (k), then according to H filter1 The received signal Y after the first filtering process is calculated from (k) and the first signal X(k). filter1 (k), i.e., Y filter1 (k)=H filter1 (k)X(k). Then subtract the received signal Y(k) after the first filtering process from the received signal Y(k). filter1 (k) thus obtaining the interference and noise signal Y σ1 (k), i.e., Y σ1 (k)=Y(k)-Y filter1 (k), and then calculate the second index.

[0318] The first filtering process is used to eliminate noise and interference, as well as non-target paths, in the first dimension. For example, the first filtering process sets the amplitude / power / intensity / energy of paths other than the target path in Figure 5 to zero. The channel response H after the first filtering process... filterq (k) does not include noise, interference, or non-target paths, but only target paths.

[0319] The third index is calculated by passing the channel response H(k) through a second filter to obtain H. filter2 (k), then according to H filter2 The received signal Y after the second filtering process is calculated from the first signal X(k) and the first signal X(k). filter2 (k), i.e., Y filter2 (k)=H filter2 (k)X(k). Then subtract the received signal Y(k) after the second filtering process from the received signal Y(k). filter2 (k) thus obtaining the interference and noise signal Y σ2 (k), i.e., Y σ2 (k)=Y(k)-Y filter2 (k), and then calculate the third index.

[0320] The second filtering process can be noise interference suppression processing on the first dimension (e.g., setting the amplitude / power / intensity / energy of other paths besides the first path set in Figure 5 to zero), or MMSE filtering. The channel response H after the second filtering process... filter2(k) does not contain noise and interference, but only contains paths from the first path set.

[0321] The third indicator is calculated in the following way (optional): based on the average power of multiple paths outside the first path set in the first dimension. The third index P was calculated. σ2 ,Right now Where N represents the number of sampling points in the first dimension.

[0322] It should be noted that if the receiving device identifies multiple sensing targets, or if the receiving device obtains the number of sensing targets based on prior sensing information or sensing requirements, there are two methods:

[0323] Method 1: Calculate the target index for each sensing target separately. For example, in Figure 5, determine the path associated with each sensing target, and then calculate the target index corresponding to each sensing target. When calculating the second index for a certain sensing target (such as sensing target A), there are two methods: namely, the second index of sensing target A = total received power - the first index of sensing target A; or, the second index of sensing target A = total received power - the first index of sensing target A - the first index of sensing target B; (assuming there are two sensing targets: A and B). Similarly, there are two ways to calculate the fourth index: the fourth index of sensing target A = the RSRP of the first signal - the first index of sensing target A; or, the fourth index of sensing target A = the RSRP of the first signal - the first index of sensing target A - the first index of sensing target B, assuming there are two sensing targets: A and B.

[0324] Method 2: Calculate a target index for multiple sensing targets. For example, in Figure 5, determine the paths associated with any sensing target, and then treat all these paths as paths to the target; this is equivalent to treating multiple sensing targets as a virtual sensing target, and then calculating the target index corresponding to this virtual sensing target.

[0325] The perception method according to an embodiment of this application has been described in detail above with reference to FIG2. The perception methods according to several other embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. It is understood that the descriptions from the second node side and the third node side are the same as or correspond to the descriptions from the first node side in the method shown in FIG2; to avoid repetition, relevant descriptions are appropriately omitted.

[0326] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the implementation flow of the perception method according to an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to the second node. As shown in Figure 6, the method 600 includes the following steps.

[0327] S602: The second node receives a first parameter, which is used to indicate the first precoding information.

[0328] S604: The second node receives the first signal after precoding from the first node; wherein, the first signals after precoding are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the first signals after precoding is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information.

[0329] S606: The second node determines the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal after precoding and the first precoding information.

[0330] In this embodiment, the second node can receive the first parameter first, and then receive the first signal.

[0331] In this embodiment, the second node can receive the first signal based on the third parameter, and determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first pre-coded information.

[0332] The sensing method provided in this application embodiment has a first node that sends first signals through multiple ports that are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coding information, so that the energy of the first signal can be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, which is beneficial for improving sensing performance. In addition, the second node receives a first parameter, which is used to indicate the first pre-coding information, which is beneficial for the second node to more accurately determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first pre-coding information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0333] In some embodiments, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0334] In some embodiments, before the second node receives the first signal sent by the first node, the method further includes: the second node determining second precoding information; the second node determining first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; wherein the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; and the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the sensing angle range.

[0335] In some embodiments, the second node determining the second precoding information includes: the second node determining the second precoding information based on a second parameter, the second parameter including at least one of the following: 1) first angle information, the first angle information being used to determine the sensing angle range; 2) a first beam spacing Δv The first beam spacing Δ v 3) The spacing between two adjacent beams in the first beam set; 4) The number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M v The number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; 4) The number of second time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within one coherent cumulative interval (CPI), where the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; 5) The third time-domain resource number Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0336] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the second node receiving the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0337] In some embodiments, the second node determines the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information, including at least one of the following: 1) The second node, based on the first parameter, determines the first precoding information from the M of the second precoding information. v 1) Determine M consecutive row index values ​​from the row indices corresponding to the row vectors; 2) Based on the first parameter and the first angle information, the second node selects the first M row index values ​​from the first M rows of the second pre-encoded information. v From the column indices corresponding to the column vectors, determine the M column index values ​​of the first group; based on the column vectors corresponding to the M column index values, each group is spaced qM apart. v The column vectors of the column vectors are determined. group Each column index value, where Based on certainty The union of the column index values ​​yields The first precoding information consists of M row index values ​​and Q column index values.

[0338] In some embodiments, before the second node receives the first signal sent by the first node, the method further includes: the second node receiving a third parameter, the third parameter being used to receive the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following: 1) the number M of transmission ports of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; 2) the spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node; 3) the index of the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; 4) the mapping relationship between the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antennas or antenna subarrays of the first signal; 5) first sequence configuration information for determining a first sequence, the first sequence being used to transmit the first signal; 6) time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0339] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the second node sending first information; wherein the first information is used to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information; and the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

[0340] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the second node receiving second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0341] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the implementation flow of the perception method according to an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to the third node. As shown in Figure 7, the method 700 includes the following steps.

[0342] S702: The third node sends a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information, and the first precoded information is used to send a first signal; wherein, the first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0343] The sensing method provided in this application embodiment has a first node that sends first signals through multiple ports that are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coding information, so that the energy of the first signal can be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, which is beneficial for improving sensing performance. In addition, the third node sends a first parameter, which is used to indicate the first pre-coding information, which is beneficial for the second node to more accurately determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first pre-coding information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0344] In some embodiments, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0345] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the third node sending a second parameter, the second parameter being used to indicate second precoding information, the second precoding information being used to indicate the first precoding information, the second parameter including at least one of the following: 1) first angle information, the first angle information being used to determine the sensing angle range; 2) a first beam spacing Δ v The first beam spacing Δ v 3) The spacing between two adjacent beams in the first beam set; 4) The number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M v The number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; 4) The number of second time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within one coherent cumulative interval (CPI), where the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; 5) The third time-domain resource number Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0346] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the third node sending a third parameter, the third parameter being used to send or receive the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following: 1) the number M of transmission ports of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; 2) the spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node; 3) the index of the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; 4) the mapping relationship between the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antennas or antenna subarrays of the first signal; 5) first sequence configuration information for determining a first sequence, the first sequence being used to send the first signal; 6) time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0347] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the third node sending first information; wherein the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is used to indicate second precoding information, the second precoding information is used to indicate the first precoding information; and the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

[0348] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the third node sending second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to indicate the first precoding information.

[0349] The sensing method provided in this application can be executed by a sensing device. This application uses the example of a sensing device executing the sensing method to illustrate the sensing device provided in this application.

[0350] This application provides a sensing device. As an example, the sensing device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0351] The sensing device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, etc., such as central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), artificial intelligence (AI) processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), network processors (NPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceivers, pins, circuits, buses, radio frequency units, etc.

[0352] Specifically, referring to Figure 8, when the sensing device is the first node or a component in the first node, the sensing device 800 includes the following modules.

[0353] The processing module 802 is used to perform precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information.

[0354] The communication module 804 is used to send the pre-coded first signal; wherein the first node sends the pre-coded first signal through multiple ports, the pre-coded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the pre-coded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coded information.

[0355] The communication module 804 is further configured to send a first parameter to a second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoded information, and the second node is the receiving node of the first signal after precoding.

[0356] In various embodiments of this application, the first node may be a network-side device, such as a base station; or it may be a terminal.

[0357] The sensing device provided in this application embodiment includes a first node that precodes a first signal based on first precoding information and sends the precoded first signal. This ensures that the first signals sent by the first node through multiple ports are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information, which allows the energy of the first signal to be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, thus improving sensing performance. In addition, the first node sends a first parameter to the second node, which is used to indicate the first precoding information. This allows the second node to more accurately determine the measured value or sensing result of the sensing measurement based on the first signal and the first precoding information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0358] In some embodiments, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0359] In some embodiments, the processing module 802 is further configured to determine second precoding information; determine first precoding information based on the second precoding information; wherein the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; and the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the perception angle range.

[0360] In some embodiments, the processing module 802 is configured to determine second precoding information based on a second parameter, the second parameter including at least one of the following: 1) first angle information, the first angle information being used to determine the sensing angle range; 2) a first beam spacing Δ v The first beam spacing Δ v 3) The spacing between two adjacent beams in the first beam set; 4) The number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M v The number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; 4) The number of second time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within one coherent cumulative interval (CPI), where the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; 5) The third time-domain resource number Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0361] In some embodiments, the communication module 804 is further configured to send the second parameter to the second node; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0362] In some embodiments, the processing module 802 is configured to determine the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; wherein the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0363] In some embodiments, the processing module 802 is configured to: 1) based on the first parameter, from the M of the second precoded information v 1) Determine M consecutive row index values ​​from the row indices corresponding to the row vectors; 2) Based on the first parameter and the first angle information, determine the first M row index values ​​from the first M rows of the second precoding information. v From the column indices corresponding to the column vectors, determine the M column index values ​​of the first group; based on the column vectors corresponding to the M column index values, each group is spaced qM apart. v The column vectors of the column vectors are determined. group Each column index value, where Based on certainty The union of the column index values ​​yields The first precoding information consists of M row index values ​​and Q column index values.

[0364] In some embodiments, the processing module 802 is further configured to determine a third parameter, the third parameter being used to configure the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following: 1) the number M of transmission ports of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; 2) the spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node; 3) the index of the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; 4) the mapping relationship between the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antennas or antenna subarrays of the first signal; 5) first sequence configuration information, used to determine a first sequence, the first sequence being used to transmit the first signal; 6) time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0365] In some embodiments, the first sequence configuration information includes at least one of the following: a first sequence length; a first sequence type indication; and first sequence parameter configuration information.

[0366] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal includes at least one of the following: a first number of time-domain resources Q, wherein the first number of time-domain resources is the number of time-domain resources or resource sets within a CPI; a first time-domain resource interval, wherein the first time-domain resource interval is the time-domain interval between two adjacent time units of the first signal; a first number of frequency-domain resources, wherein the first number of frequency-domain resources is the number of frequency resources or resource sets of the first signal in the frequency domain; and a first frequency-domain resource interval, wherein the first frequency-domain resource interval is the frequency-domain interval between two adjacent resource units of the first signal.

[0367] In some embodiments, the communication module 804 is further configured to acquire first information; wherein the first information is configured to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is configured to determine second precoding information, the second precoding information is configured to determine the first precoding information; and the third parameter is configured to configure the first signal.

[0368] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following: 1) historical measurement values ​​of sensing quantities or sensing results; 2) historical measurement values ​​of sensing performance evaluation indicators; 3) prior sensing information; 4) sensing demand information.

[0369] In some embodiments, the communication module 804 is further configured to send second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0370] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following: 1) antenna port topology; 2) the association between the antenna port and physical antenna elements or physical subarrays; 3) the number of physical subarrays; 4) the number of physical antenna elements within a physical subarray; 5) the spacing between preset reference points of the physical subarrays; 6) the spacing between physical antenna elements within a physical subarray; 7) physical subarray array configuration information; 8) physical antenna array orientation information; 9) physical antenna array aperture; 10) physical antenna polarization characteristics; and 11) physical antenna element gain.

[0371] Referring to Figure 9, when the sensing device is a second node or a component in the second node, the sensing device 900 includes the following modules.

[0372] The communication module 902 is used to receive a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information.

[0373] The communication module 902 is further configured to receive a precoded first signal sent by the first node; wherein the precoded first signals are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0374] The processing module 904 is used to determine the measurement value or sensing result of the sensing measurement quantity based on the first signal after precoding and the first precoding information.

[0375] In various embodiments of this application, the second node can be a network-side device, such as a base station; it can also be a terminal.

[0376] The sensing device provided in this application embodiment has a first node that transmits first signals through multiple ports that are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coding information, so that the energy of the first signal can be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, which is beneficial for improving sensing performance. In addition, the second node receives a first parameter, which is used to indicate the first pre-coding information, which is beneficial for the second node to more accurately determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first pre-coding information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0377] In some embodiments, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0378] In some embodiments, the processing module 904 is further configured to determine second precoding information; determine the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; wherein the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; and the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the sensing angle range.

[0379] In some embodiments, the processing module 904 is configured to determine second precoding information based on a second parameter, the second parameter including at least one of the following: 1) first angle information, the first angle information being used to determine the sensing angle range; 2) a first beam spacing Δ v The first beam spacing Δ v 3) The spacing between two adjacent beams in the first beam set; 4) The number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M vThe number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; 4) The number of second time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within one coherent cumulative interval (CPI), where the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; 5) The third time-domain resource number Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0380] In some embodiments, the communication module 902 is further configured to receive the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0381] In some embodiments, the processing module 904 is configured to: 1) based on the first parameter, from the M of the second precoded information v 1) Determine M consecutive row index values ​​from the row indices corresponding to the row vectors; 2) Based on the first parameter and the first angle information, determine the first M row index values ​​from the first M rows of the second precoding information. v From the column indices corresponding to the column vectors, determine the M column index values ​​of the first group; based on the column vectors corresponding to the M column index values, each group is spaced qM apart. v The column vectors of the column vectors are determined. group Each column index value, where Based on certainty The union of the column index values ​​yields The first precoding information consists of M row index values ​​and Q column index values.

[0382] In some embodiments, the communication module 902 is further configured to receive a third parameter, the third parameter being used to receive the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following: 1) the number M of transmission ports of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; 2) the spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node; 3) the index of the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; 4) the mapping relationship between the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antennas or antenna subarrays of the first signal; 5) first sequence configuration information, used to determine a first sequence, the first sequence being used to transmit the first signal; 6) time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0383] In some embodiments, the communication module 902 is further configured to send first information; wherein the first information is configured to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is configured to determine second precoding information, the second precoding information is configured to determine the first precoding information; and the third parameter is configured to configure the first signal.

[0384] In some embodiments, the communication module 902 is further configured to receive second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to determine second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

[0385] Referring to Figure 10, when the sensing device is a third node or a component in the third node, the sensing device 1000 includes the following modules.

[0386] The communication module 1002 is used to send a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information. The first precoded information is used to send a first signal. The first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports. The precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain. The beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0387] The sensing device provided in this application embodiment has a first node that sends first signals through multiple ports that are orthogonal in the Doppler domain, which is beneficial for fully utilizing the high angular resolution brought by the multiple ports of the MIMO system. At the same time, the beam formed by the first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coded information, so that the energy of the first signal can be concentrated on the sensing target or sensing area, which is beneficial for improving sensing performance. In addition, the third node sends a first parameter, which is used to indicate the first pre-coded information, which is beneficial for the second node to more accurately determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal and the first pre-coded information, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0388] In some embodiments, the first parameter includes at least one of the following: 1) M row index values ​​of the second precoding information; 2) Q column index values ​​of the second precoding information; wherein, in the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

[0389] In some embodiments, the communication module 1002 is further configured to send a second parameter, the second parameter being used to indicate second precoding information, the second precoding information being used to indicate the first precoding information, and the second parameter including at least one of the following: 1) first angle information, the first angle information being used to determine the sensing angle range; 2) a first beam spacing Δ v The first beam spacing Δ v 3) The spacing between two adjacent beams in the first beam set; 4) The number of first beams M v The first number of beams is the total number of beams in the first beam set, and the first number of beams M v The number of row vectors equal to the second precoding information; 4) The number of second time-domain resources. The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within one coherent cumulative interval (CPI), where the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; 5) The third time-domain resource number Q v The third time-domain resource number Q v It is equal to the number of column vectors of the second precoded information, and satisfies

[0390] In some embodiments, the communication module 1002 is further configured to send a third parameter, the third parameter being used to send or receive the first signal, the third parameter including at least one of the following: 1) the number M of transmission ports of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; 2) the spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node; 3) the index of the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; 4) the mapping relationship between the transmission ports of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antennas or antenna subarrays of the first signal; 5) first sequence configuration information, used to determine a first sequence, the first sequence being used to send the first signal; 6) time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

[0391] In some embodiments, the communication module 1002 is further configured to send first information; wherein the first information is configured to indicate at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; the second parameter is configured to indicate second precoding information, the second precoding information is configured to indicate the first precoding information; and the third parameter is configured to configure the first signal.

[0392] In some embodiments, the communication module 1002 is further configured to send second information, the second information being used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; wherein the second parameter is used to indicate second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to indicate the first precoding information.

[0393] The sensing device provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiments of Figures 2 to 10 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0394] As shown in Figure 11, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1100, including a processor 1101 and a memory 1102. The memory 1102 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1101. For example, when the communication device 1100 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1101 implement the various steps of the above-described sensing method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1100 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1101 implement the various steps of the above-described sensing method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, this will not be described again here.

[0395] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps in the method embodiments shown in FIG2 or FIG6. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiments, and all implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. The terminal can be the sensing device shown in FIG8 or FIG9. Specifically, FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of this application.

[0396] The terminal 1200 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1201, network module 1202, audio output unit 1203, input unit 1204, sensor 1205, display unit 1206, user input unit 1207, interface unit 1208, memory 1209, and processor 1210.

[0397] Those skilled in the art will understand that terminal 1200 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for powering various components. The power supply can be logically connected to processor 1210 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in Figure 12 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0398] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1204 may include a graphics processor 12041 and a microphone 12042. The graphics processor 12041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1206 may include a display panel 12061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1207 includes a touch panel 12071 and at least one of other input devices 12072. The touch panel 12071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 12071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 12072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0399] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1201 can transmit it to the processor 1210 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1201 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1201 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0400] The memory 1209 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1209 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1209 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1209 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0401] Processor 1210 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1210 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1210.

[0402] The terminal may be a first node, a processor 1210 for precoding a first signal based on first precoding information, and a radio frequency unit 1201 for transmitting the precoded first signal. The terminal transmits the precoded first signal through multiple ports, wherein each pair of precoded first signals is orthogonal in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal is located within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information. A first parameter is transmitted to a second node, whereby the first parameter indicates the first precoding information, and the second node is a receiving node for the precoded first signal.

[0403] The terminal can be a second node, a radio frequency unit 1201, for receiving a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate first pre-coded information; receiving a first signal after pre-coding processing sent by the first node; wherein, the first signals after pre-coding processing are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the first signals after pre-coding processing is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coded information; and a processor 1210, for determining the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signals after pre-coding processing and the first pre-coded information.

[0404] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the perception method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0405] This application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method embodiments shown in FIG2 or FIG6. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described network-side device method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0406] Specifically, this application embodiment also provides a network-side device, which can be the sensing device shown in FIG8 or FIG9. As shown in FIG13, the network-side device 1300 includes: an antenna 131, a radio frequency device 132, a baseband device 133, a processor 134, and a memory 135. The antenna 131 is connected to the radio frequency device 132. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 132 receives information through the antenna 131 and sends the received information to the baseband device 133 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 133 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the radio frequency device 132. The radio frequency device 132 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 131.

[0407] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 133, which includes a baseband processor.

[0408] The baseband device 133 may include at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are disposed, as shown in FIG13. One of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 135 via a bus interface to call the program or instructions in the memory 135 to execute the network-side device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0409] The network-side device may also include a network interface 136, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0410] The network-side device 1300 may be a first node, a processor 134 for precoding a first signal based on first precoding information, and a radio frequency device 132 for transmitting the precoded first signal. The first node transmits the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals being orthogonal in the Doppler domain pairwise, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal being within a sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information. A first parameter is sent to a second node, indicating the first precoding information, and the second node is the receiving node for the precoded first signal.

[0411] The network-side device 1300 may be a second node, and the radio frequency device 132 is used to receive a first parameter, which is used to indicate first pre-coded information; and to receive a first signal after precoding processing sent by the first node; wherein the first signals after precoding processing are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the first signals after precoding processing is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding information; and the processor 134 is used to determine the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signals after precoding processing and the first precoding information.

[0412] In addition, the network-side device 1300 of this application embodiment also includes: a program or instructions stored in the memory 135 and executable on the processor 134. The processor 134 calls the program or instructions in the memory 135 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in FIG8 or FIG9 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0413] Specifically, this application also provides a network-side device. As shown in FIG14, the network-side device 1400 includes a processor 1401, a network interface 1402, and a memory 1403. The network-side device may be the sensing device shown in FIG10. The network interface 1402 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0414] The network interface 1402 is used to send a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information. The first precoded information is used to send a first signal. The first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports. The precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain. The beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

[0415] In addition, the network-side device 1400 of this application embodiment also includes: a program or instructions stored in the memory 1403 and executable on the processor 1401. The processor 1401 calls the program or instructions in the memory 1403 to execute the methods executed by each module shown in FIG10 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0416] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described sensing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0417] The processor mentioned above is either the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments or the processor in the network-side device. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0418] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described sensing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0419] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0420] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described sensing method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0421] This application also provides a sensing system, including a terminal and a network-side device. The terminal can be used to perform the steps of the sensing method described above, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the sensing method described above.

[0422] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0423] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.), and the computer software product includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0424] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A sensing method, comprising: The first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information; The first node sends a precoded first signal; wherein the first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information; The first node sends a first parameter to the second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoded information, and the second node is the receiving node of the first signal after precoding.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first parameter includes at least one of the following: The M row index values ​​of the second precoded information; The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information; In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Before the first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information, the method further includes: The first node determines the second precoding information; The first node determines the first precoding information based on the second precoding information; Wherein, the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the perception angle range.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The first node determines the second precoding information by: the first node determining the second precoding information based on a second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes at least one of the following: First angle information, the first angle information is used to determine the sensing angle range; a first beam interval Δ v , the first beam interval Δ v is an interval of two adjacent beams in the first beam set; a first number of beams M v , the first number of beams M v is equal to a number of row vectors of the second precoding information. Second time domain resource number The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within a coherent cumulative interval (CPI), and the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number 5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The method further includes: The first node sends the second parameter to the second node; The second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein, The first node determines the first precoding information based on the second precoding information, including: The first node determines the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; The first parameter includes at least one of the following: The M row index values ​​of the second precoded information; The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information; In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first node determines, based on the first parameter and the second precoding information, that the first precoding information includes at least one of the following: The first node determines, based on the first parameter, M continuous row index values from among row indexes corresponding to the M row vectors of the second precoding information. v ​ The first node determines M column index values of the first group from column indexes corresponding to the first M v column vectors of the second precoding information based on the first parameter and first angle information; and determines the first group of M column vectors based on column vectors respectively spaced qM v column vectors corresponding to the M column index values. group of a column index value, wherein based on the determined The union of the group column index values results in Each column index value; In the second precoding information, the element that corresponds to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, Before the first node performs precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information, the method further includes: The first node determines a third parameter, which is used to configure the first signal, and the third parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of transmission ports M of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; The spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; The index of the sending port of the first signal of the first node; The mapping relationship between the transmitting port of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antenna or antenna subarray of the first signal; First sequence configuration information is used to determine a first sequence, which is used to send the first signal; The time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The first sequence configuration information includes at least one of the following: a first sequence length; a first sequence type indicator; and first sequence parameter configuration information. and / or The time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal includes at least one of the following: a first number of time-domain resources Q, wherein the first number of time-domain resources is the number of time-domain resources or resource sets within a CPI; a first time-domain resource interval, wherein the first time-domain resource interval is the time-domain interval between two adjacent time units of the first signal; a first number of frequency-domain resources, wherein the first number of frequency-domain resources is the number of frequency resources or resource sets of the first signal in the frequency domain; and a first frequency-domain resource interval, wherein the first frequency-domain resource interval is the frequency-domain interval between two adjacent resource units of the first signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The method further includes: The first node obtains the first information; Wherein, the first information is used to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; The second parameter is used to determine the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information; the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: Historical measurement values ​​of the sensed quantity or sensed result; Historical measurements of perceived performance evaluation metrics; Perceive prior information; Perceive demand information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The method further includes: The first node sends second information, which is used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; The second parameter is used to determine the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The second information includes at least one of the following: Antenna port topology; The relationship between the antenna port and the physical antenna elements or physical subarray; Number of physical subarrays; The number of physical antenna array elements within the physical subarray; The spacing between preset reference points of the physical subarray; The spacing between physical antenna elements within a physical subarray; Physical subarray configuration information; Physical antenna array orientation information; Physical antenna array aperture; Physical antenna polarization characteristics; Physical antenna array element gain.

14. A sensing method, comprising: The second node receives a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoding information; The second node receives a precoded first signal sent by the first node; wherein, the precoded first signals are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information. The second node determines the sensing measurement value or sensing result based on the first signal after precoding and the first precoding information.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first parameter includes at least one of the following: The M row index values ​​of the second precoded information; The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information; In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein, Before the second node receives the first signal sent by the first node, the method further includes: The second node determines the second precoding information; The second node determines the first precoding information based on the first parameter and the second precoding information; Wherein, the first precoding information is a subset of the second precoding information; the first precoding information and the second precoding information are determined based on the perception angle range.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The second node determines the second precoding information by: the second node determining the second precoding information based on a second parameter, the second parameter including at least one of the following: First angle information, the first angle information is used to determine the sensing angle range; a first beam interval Δ v , the first beam interval Δ v is an interval of two adjacent beams in the first beam set; a first number of beams M v , the first number of beams M v is equal to a number of row vectors of the second precoding information. Second time domain resource number The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within a coherent cumulative interval (CPI), and the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number 18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The method further includes: The second node receives the second parameter; The second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

19. The method of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein, The second node determines, based on the first parameter and the second precoding information, that the first precoding information includes at least one of the following: The second node determines, based on the first parameter, M consecutive row index values from among row indexes corresponding to the M row vectors of the second precoding information. v ​ The second node determines M column index values of the first group from column indexes corresponding to the first M v column vectors of the second precoding information based on the first parameter and the first angle information; and determines the first group of M column vectors based on column vectors respectively spaced qM v column vectors corresponding to the M column index values. group of a column index value, wherein based on the determined The union of the group column index values results in Each column index value; In the second precoding information, the element that corresponds to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

20. The method of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein, Before the second node receives the first signal sent by the first node, the method further includes: The second node receives a third parameter, which is used to receive the first signal, and the third parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of transmission ports M of the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; The spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; The index of the sending port of the first signal of the first node; The mapping relationship between the transmitting port of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antenna or antenna subarray of the first signal; First sequence configuration information is used to determine a first sequence, which is used to send the first signal; The time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

21. The method of any one of claims 14 to 20, wherein, The method further includes: The second node sends the first message; Wherein, the first information is used to determine at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; The second parameter is used to determine the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information; the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

22. The method of any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein, The method further includes: The second node receives second information, which is used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; The second parameter is used to determine the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to determine the first precoding information.

23. A sensing method, comprising: The third node sends a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information. The first precoded information is used to send a first signal. The first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports. The precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain. The beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein, The first parameter includes at least one of the following: The M row index values ​​of the second precoded information; The Q column index values ​​of the second pre-encoded information; In the second precoding information, the element corresponding to the M row index values ​​and the Q column index values ​​is the first precoding information.

25. The method of claim 23 or 24, wherein, The method further includes: The third node sends a second parameter, which indicates second precoding information. The second precoding information indicates the first precoding information. The second parameter includes at least one of the following: First angle information, the first angle information is used to determine the sensing angle range; a first beam interval Δ v , the first beam interval Δ v is an interval of two adjacent beams in the first beam set; a first number of beams M v , the first number of beams M v is equal to a number of row vectors of the second precoding information. Second time domain resource number The second time-domain resource number is the number of the first resource blocks within a coherent cumulative interval (CPI), and the first time-domain resource block contains M first time units; Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number v Q is the third time domain resource number 26. The method of any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein, The method further includes: The third node sends a third parameter, which is used to send or receive the first signal, and the third parameter includes at least one of the following: The number of transmission ports M for the first signal of the first node, where M is a positive integer greater than 1; The spacing between the physical antennas or antenna subarrays associated with the transmission port of the first signal of the first node; The index of the sending port of the first signal of the first node; The mapping relationship between the transmitting port of the first signal of the first node and the transmitting physical antenna or antenna subarray of the first signal; First sequence configuration information is used to determine a first sequence, which is used to send the first signal; The time-frequency resource configuration information of the first signal.

27. The method of any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein, The method further includes: The third node sends the first information; Wherein, the first information is used to indicate at least one of the following: the first parameter, the second parameter, and the third parameter; The second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to indicate the first precoding information; the third parameter is used to configure the first signal.

28. The method of any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein, The method further includes: The third node sends a second message, which is used to indicate the first parameter or the second parameter; The second parameter is used to indicate the second precoding information, and the second precoding information is used to indicate the first precoding information.

29. A sensing device applied to a first node, comprising: The processing module is used to perform precoding processing on the first signal based on the first precoding information; A communication module is used to send a pre-coded first signal; wherein the first node sends the pre-coded first signal through multiple ports, the pre-coded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the pre-coded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first pre-coded information; The communication module is further configured to send a first parameter to a second node; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate the first precoded information, and the second node is the receiving node of the first signal after precoding.

30. A sensing device applied to a second node, comprising: A communication module is configured to receive a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate first precoded information; The communication module is also used to receive a precoded first signal sent by the first node; wherein, the precoded first signals are orthogonal in the Doppler domain in pairs, and the beam formed by the precoded first signals is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoding. The processing module is used to determine the measurement value or sensing result of the sensing quantity based on the first signal after precoding and the first precoding information.

31. A sensing device applied to a third node, comprising: A communication module is used to send a first parameter, which is used to indicate first precoded information, and the first precoded information is used to send a first signal; wherein, the first node sends the precoded first signal through multiple ports, the precoded first signals are orthogonal to each other in the Doppler domain, and the beam formed by the precoded first signal is located within the sensing angle range associated with the first precoded information.

32. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 22.

33. A network-side device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 28.

34. A readable storage medium on which a program or instructions are stored, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-28.

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