Head-up display device for providing panoramic view and method for providing same

Abstract

One aspect of the present invention relates to a head-up display device for providing a panoramic view and a method for providing same and, more specifically, to a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device for displaying a three-dimensional augmented reality virtual image in a panoramic view over the entire windshield of a vehicle and a method for providing same. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a new type of panoramic head-up display system may be provided in which a plurality of display devices are installed on a dashboard of a vehicle, and respective output angles of the display devices are adjusted to different specific angles so that information is visually presented to the eyes of a driver in a panoramic view. In addition, the system enables unprecedented visualization of information to the driver, and in particular, enables a deeper understanding and faster response to road conditions by providing a wide field of view (FOV). In addition, the system has the advantage of being designed so that each display can display different information, or multiple displays can cooperate to generate a single continuous image.

Description

Head-up display device providing a panoramic view and method of providing the same

[0001] One aspect of the present invention relates to a head-up display device that provides a panoramic view and a method for providing the same, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device that displays a three-dimensional augmented reality virtual image as a panoramic view across the entire windshield of a vehicle and a method for providing the same.

[0002] The content described in this section merely provides background information regarding embodiments of the present invention and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] The application of Head-Up Displays (HUDs) is increasing significantly to enhance driver safety and comfort while driving. HUDs display instrument panel information, such as vehicle speed, fuel level, and engine RPM, as well as navigation data. In addition to this information, a wider range of data can be provided through the application of augmented reality. For instance, information such as lanes, direction of travel, hazards, pedestrian locations, and buildings ahead can be displayed by aligning them with objects or the foreground. However, for this to be possible, the distance of the displayed virtual image must be sufficient to cover the driving field of view, and the viewing angle must also be able to adequately cover the width of multiple lanes.

[0004] However, most existing HUD systems utilize a single display, and the range of information delivery is limited due to its restricted field of view. This limited field of view is insufficient to provide drivers with the necessary information, particularly in urban environments or complex traffic situations. Furthermore, since these systems are required to mount the display at a specific location on the vehicle's dashboard, they often fail to provide an optimal visual experience tailored to the driver's various physical conditions or driving postures.

[0005] The aforementioned background technology is technical information that the inventor possessed or acquired during the process of deriving the embodiments of the present invention, and it cannot be considered as prior art disclosed to the general public prior to the filing of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0006] Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is proposed to solve the aforementioned problems, and the objective of the present invention is to propose a new type of panoramic display HUD system in which a plurality of display devices are installed on the dashboard of a vehicle, and the output angles of each of these are adjusted to different specific angles so that information is displayed to the driver's eyes in a panoramic view.

[0007] In addition, this system can be designed so that each display shows different information, or multiple displays cooperate to generate a single continuous image. This enables the driver to visualize information in an unprecedented way, and in particular, by providing a wide FOV (field of view), it enables a deeper understanding of road conditions and a faster response.

[0008] The technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, one aspect of the present invention comprises a display panel;

[0010] An optical layer laminated on the upper surface of the above-mentioned display panel and forming a three-dimensional image; and

[0011] A backlight unit laminated on the lower surface of the above-mentioned display panel and irradiating light;

[0012] It includes a display module having,

[0013] The above display module is multiple, and a 3D augmented reality head-up display device can be provided in which the multiple display modules each generate multiple displays in multiple areas on the windshield of a vehicle to provide a panoramic view.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the plurality of displays may be characterized by including a main display located in front of the driver and a side display located to the side of the driver.

[0015] In addition, the plurality of displays may each have their own display center, and the viewing angle between each display center and the driver's eye box center may be different.

[0016] The above viewing angle may include a horizontal look-over angle (LOA) in which the driver's gaze moves in a horizontal direction and a vertical look-down angle (LDA) in which the gaze moves in a vertical direction, and the plurality of displays may be characterized by having the same or different vertical look-over angles (LDA) and different horizontal look-over angles (LOA).

[0017] According to an embodiment, in order to widen the horizontal field of view (H-FOV), the plurality of displays may be characterized by being arranged side by side adjacent to each other on the windshield.

[0018] The above plurality of display modules may be characterized by each transmitting a light beam having a different output angle to the center of the driver's eye box.

[0019] The above output angle may be characterized by being set by taking into account the mounting position where each of the plurality of display modules is mounted on the vehicle and the center of the eye box.

[0020] In addition, the output angle may be characterized by including the angle at which the light beam is tilted out from the backlight unit.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the backlight unit comprises a light source and a parallel light implementing element that implements the light rays generated by the light source into parallel light, and the change in the output angle may be characterized by moving the light source with respect to the central axis of the parallel light implementing element.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the backlight unit comprises a light source, a parallel light implementation element that implements a light ray generated by the light source into a parallel light, and a direction switching element that switches the direction of the light ray emitted from the parallel light implementation element, and the change in the output angle may be implemented through the direction switching element or simultaneously with moving the light source through the direction switching element.

[0023] The above-described direction changing element may include a region formed by cutting out a portion of the Fresnel lens, and the cut-out region may be characterized by being cut out by moving horizontally and vertically from the central axis of the Fresnel lens with respect to the output angle.

[0024] The above backlight unit may include a top diffuser that disperses light rays and a bottom diffuser spaced apart from the top diffuser, and the direction changing element may be characterized by being disposed on the lower surface of the top diffuser or on the lower surface of the bottom diffuser.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the optical layer includes a lenticular lens, and the gap parameter of the lenticular lens may be characterized by being adjusted by taking into account the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) to reduce crosstalk.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the gap parameter may be characterized by being adjusted by taking into account the viewing width (VW) adjusted based on the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design).

[0027] According to the embodiment, the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) considered when adjusting the viewing width (VW) may be characterized as being calculated based on the horizontal line of sight (LOA) in which the driver's gaze moves in the horizontal direction.

[0028] According to an embodiment, the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) for the above design may be characterized by being calculated based on one of the cases where the driver rotates only the eyes, rotates only the head, or rotates both the eyes and the head together.

[0029] According to an embodiment, the gap parameter adjusted by considering the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) for the above design may be further adjusted by considering the output angle of the light ray coming out at an angle from the backlight unit.

[0030] Another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device in which a plurality of displays are harmonized to provide a panoramic view on the windshield of a vehicle, wherein

[0031] An output angle determination step for determining the output angle of a light beam emitted from the display module by considering the mounting position where the display module is mounted on the vehicle and the center of the driver's eye box;

[0032] A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device may be provided, comprising one or more of: a viewing angle determination step for determining the driver's viewing angle by considering the eye box center and the display center of the display generated by the display module; and a lens design step for designing a lenticular lens by considering the viewing angle.

[0033] According to an embodiment, the lens design step comprises: an interpupillary distance setting step for setting an interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) considering the driver's viewing angle; and

[0034] It may be characterized by including: a viewing width adjustment step for adjusting the viewing width (VW) by considering the interpupillary distance for the design set above; and a gap adjustment step for adjusting the gap parameter of the lenticular lens by considering the adjusted viewing width.

[0035] Here, in the above interpupillary distance setting step, the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) for the above design may be characterized by being set based on one of the cases where the driver rotates only the eyes, rotates only the head, or rotates both the eyes and the head together.

[0036] In addition, the gap adjustment step may be characterized by including an output angle-based gap adjustment step that further adjusts the adjusted gap parameter of the lenticular lens by taking into account the output angle of the light ray.

[0037] And it may be characterized by including a radius of curvature adjustment step for adjusting the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens by taking into account the output angle of the light ray after the adjustment of the gap parameter is completed.

[0038] As described above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a new type of three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device can be provided by installing a plurality of display devices on the dashboard of a vehicle and adjusting the output angles of each of them to different specific angles so that information is displayed to the driver's eyes in a panoramic view.

[0039] The 3D augmented reality head-up display device according to the present embodiment enables the driver to visualize information in an unprecedented way, and in particular, by providing a wide FOV (field of view), it enables a deeper understanding of road conditions and a quick response.

[0040] In addition, the 3D augmented reality head-up display device according to the present embodiment has the advantage that each display can display different information, or multiple displays can cooperate to generate a single continuous image.

[0041] In addition, the present invention has various effects, such as excellent versatility depending on the embodiment, and such effects can be clearly confirmed in the description of the embodiment below.

[0042] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate an embodiment of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention described above; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0043] FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a mirrorless 3D augmented reality head-up display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 2 shows a plurality of displays implemented on the windshield of a vehicle generated by a head-up display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 shows the arrangement of a plurality of displays generated by a head-up display device according to one embodiment of the present invention, which varies depending on the vehicle type.

[0046] FIG. 4 shows the output angle of a light beam emitted from a backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 5 shows an example of optical simulation according to the present invention.

[0048] Figure 6 shows the results of the optical simulation of Figure 5.

[0049] Figure 7 shows three embodiments of a method for adjusting the output angle of Figure 4.

[0050] Figure 8 explains, from a different angle, a method of adjusting the output angle using a Fresnel lens while moving the LED light source of Figure 7.

[0051] FIG. 9 shows the location where a Fresnel lens is installed in a backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] FIG. 10 illustrates a method for designing an optical layer that forms a three-dimensional image according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] FIG. 11 shows a change in viewing width (VW) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] FIG. 12 shows a process in which the viewing width (VW) is expanded according to the driver's horizontal look-over angle (LOA) according to one embodiment of the present invention, thereby reducing the inner margin and increasing the outer margin.

[0055] FIG. 13 shows three conditions for setting the 'Interpupillary Distance for design (IPD for design)' according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for adjusting the gap parameter of an optical layer in consideration of the viewing width (VW) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] FIG. 15 illustrates a method for adjusting the gap parameter of an optical layer by considering the output angle of a light ray emitted from a backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] FIG. 16 illustrates a process of adjusting the radius of curvature of an optical layer by considering the output angle of a light ray emitted from a backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] FIG. 17 illustrates a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device in which a plurality of displays are harmonized to provide a panoramic view on the windshield of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] FIG. 18 illustrates a lens design step in a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The advantages and features of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented below, but can be implemented in various different forms and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The embodiments presented below are provided to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related known technologies are omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions may obscure the essence of the present invention.

[0062] The terms used in this application are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0063] In this application, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0064] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In describing with reference to the attached drawings, identical or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof are omitted.

[0065] FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a mirrorless 3D augmented reality head-up display device (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(a) shows the configuration of a display module (100) having a head-up display device (10), and FIG. 1(b) shows the principle of a mirrorless 3D augmented reality head-up display device (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention implementing a virtual image (230).

[0066] A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device (10) according to the present embodiment may be configured to include a display module (100, Display Module) having one or more of a display panel (120), an optical layer (300) stacked on the upper surface of the display panel (120) to form a three-dimensional image, and a backlight unit (200) stacked on the lower surface of the display panel (120) to irradiate light rays.

[0067] According to the embodiment, the display panel (120) may include an LCD panel.

[0068] The optical layer (300) may include a 3D image formation layer according to the embodiment. An example of a 3D image formation layer is a lenticular lens.

[0069] According to an embodiment, the display module (100) may be multiple, and the multiple display modules (100) may be configured to each create multiple displays in various areas on the windshield of a vehicle in order to provide a panoramic view.

[0070] The backlight unit (200) according to the present embodiment may be configured to emit light. Depending on the embodiment, the backlight unit (200) may be composed of a light source (160) that generates light, a parallel light implementing element (150) that implements the generated light into parallel light, a direction switching element (140) that switches the direction of the light, and a diffuser (130). A parallel light implementing element (150) may be placed on top of the light source (160), a direction switching element (140) may be stacked thereon, and a diffuser (130) may be placed thereon. The diffuser (130) is configured to disperse light. In this embodiment, the diffuser (130) may include a top diffuser (131, Top Diffuser) and a bottom diffuser (132, Bottom Diffuser), and the top diffuser (131) and the bottom diffuser (132) may be installed spaced apart.

[0071] The light source (160) may include an LED array. The parallel light implementing element (150) may include a lens array. Here, the lens array may include a collimation lens and a fly-eye lens. The direction changing element (140) may include a re-directing film and a Fresnel lens.

[0072] With reference to FIG. 1(b), the principle of the 3D augmented reality head-up display device (10, 3D AR HUD Display Device) according to the present embodiment is explained. The 3D augmented reality head-up display device (10) according to the present embodiment can be mounted on the dashboard of a vehicle. The 3D augmented reality head-up display device (10) installed in the vehicle emits a light beam toward the windshield (220) of the vehicle, and the light beam is reflected by the windshield (220) and directed toward the driver's eyes. At this time, 3D virtual reality content (3D AR content) is formed behind the windshield (220) of the vehicle as a virtual image (230).

[0073] FIG. 2 shows a plurality of displays (240) implemented on the windshield of a vehicle generated by a head-up display device (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] A plurality of displays (240) may include a main display (241) located in front of the driver and a side display located to the side of the driver. There may be multiple main displays (241) and side displays. A plurality of side displays may include a side 1 display (242) and a side 2 display (243).

[0075] Referring to FIG. 2, a main display (241), a side 1 display (242), and a side 2 display (243) are displayed within the windshield area of ​​the vehicle. By arranging the main display (241), the side 1 display (242), and the side 2 display (243) side by side in an adjacent horizontal direction within the windshield (220), the entire windshield (220) is sufficiently filled, thereby further expanding the field of view (FOV).

[0076] Referring to FIG. 2, the main display (241) is positioned on the far left of the windshield (220), which indicates a case where the head-up display device (10) according to the present invention is installed in a vehicle in which the driver's seat is positioned on the left. Additionally, the side 1 display (242) and the side 2 display (243) are arranged in succession to expand the horizontal viewing angle and provide a panoramic view.

[0077] In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis of the main display (241) represents the horizontal field of view (H-FOV), and the vertical axis represents the vertical field of view (V-FOV). The horizontal and vertical axes of the side 1 display (242) and the side 2 display (243) also represent the horizontal field of view (H-FOV) and the vertical field of view (V-FOV), respectively, just like the main display (241).

[0078] There is a gap between the main display (241) and the side 1 display (242), and there is also a gap between the side 1 display (242) and the side 2 display (243). Assuming that this gap is very small, a total horizontal field of view (Total H-FOV) is formed by adding up the horizontal field of view (H-FOV) of the main display (241), the side 1 display (242), and the side 2 display (243) in the horizontal direction.

[0079] An eyebox (250) is displayed inside the main display (241). In this specification, the eyebox (250) represents the range of positions where the driver's eyes should be located in a display or optical system. The eyebox (250) can be defined as the maximum allowable range of eye movement that allows the driver to maintain a field of vision when using the display or optical system. For example, the eyebox (250) is determined by the size of the space in which the driver can move their head while maintaining the image quality of the image viewed through the head-up display device (10). A device with a wide eyebox (250) allows the user to see a clear and complete image even if they adjust their head position slightly, whereas a device with a narrow eyebox (250) requires the head position to be very precise in order to see the correct image.

[0080] Each of the multiple displays (240) has its own display center. The angle at which the driver's gaze moves from the eyebox center (250a) to each display center is defined as the viewing angle. Referring to FIG. 2, the viewing angles between each display center and the driver's eyebox center (250a) are different from each other.

[0081] According to an embodiment, the viewing angle may include a horizontal view angle (Look over angle, LOA) in which the driver's gaze moves in a horizontal direction and a vertical view angle (Look down angle, LDA) in which the gaze moves in a vertical direction.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 2, the center of the eyebox (250) is positioned slightly higher than the center of the main display (241). Here, the vertical distance between the eyebox center (250a) and the main display center (a) becomes the vertical line of sight angle (LDA), and the horizontal distance between the eyebox center (250a) and the side 1 display center (242a) becomes the horizontal line of sight angle (LOA). Similarly, the horizontal distance between the eyebox center (250a) and the side 2 display center (243a) also becomes the horizontal line of sight angle (LOA). According to the display arrangement of FIG. 2, the main display (241) has only the vertical line of sight angle (LDA), while the side 1 display (242) and the side 2 display (243) have both the vertical line of sight angle (LDA) and the horizontal line of sight angle (LOA). The horizontal line of sight (LOA) of the side 2 display (243) is greater than the horizontal line of sight (LOA) of the side 1 display (242).

[0083] Meanwhile, multiple displays may have various vertical and horizontal viewing angles depending on the vehicle environment, the size and position of the displays, and the position of the driver. That is, the main display (241) may also have both a vertical viewing angle (LDA) and a horizontal viewing angle (LOA). In addition, the multiple displays may be characterized by having the same or different vertical viewing angles (LDA) and different horizontal viewing angles (LOA).

[0084] FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of a plurality of displays generated by a head-up display device (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention, which varies depending on the vehicle type.

[0085] FIG. 3(a) shows a case where the head-up display device (10) according to the present embodiment is installed in a vehicle in which the driver's seat is positioned on the right. In this case, the main display (241) is positioned on the right side of the windshield (220), the side 1 display (242) is positioned in the center, and the side 2 display (243) is positioned on the left side. FIG. 3(b) shows a case where the driver's seat is positioned in the center of the vehicle. In this case, the main display (241) is positioned in the center of the windshield (220), the side 1 display (242) is positioned on the left side, and the side 2 display (243) is positioned on the right side.

[0086] FIG. 4 shows the output angle of a light ray emitted from a backlight unit (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the output angle indicates how much a light ray emitted from a backlight surface is tilted relative to a line (L) perpendicular to the backlight surface. FIG. 4(a) shows the vertical output angle (Vertical Output Angle, VOA) in which the light ray is tilted in the vertical direction, and FIG. 4(b) shows the horizontal output angle (Horizontal Output Angle, HOA) in which the light ray is tilted in the horizontal direction.

[0087] FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of an optical simulation according to the present invention. FIG. 5(a) shows a top view of the optical simulation, and FIG. 5(b) shows a side view.

[0088] FIG. 5 shows a simulation illustrating the process in which light rays irradiated at different output angles from the main display (241), side 1 display (242), and side 2 display (243) are reflected by the windshield (220) and travel to the driver's eyebox center (250a).

[0089] Multiple display modules (100) mounted at different locations on the vehicle each transmit light rays having different output angles to the driver's eyebox center (250a).

[0090] Accordingly, the output angle can be set by considering the mounting position where each of the multiple display modules (100) is mounted on the vehicle and the eyebox center (250a). For example, the output angle of the light emitted from the main display module (100) can be set by simulation or calculation by considering the mounting position where the main display module (100) is mounted and the eyebox center (250a); the output angle of the light emitted from the side 1 display module (100) can be set by considering the mounting position where the side 1 display module (100) is mounted and the eyebox center (250a); and similarly, the output angle of the light emitted from the side 2 display module (100) can be set by considering the mounting position where the side 2 display module (100) is mounted and the eyebox center (250a). These three output angles are all different.

[0091] FIG. 6 shows the results of the optical simulation of FIG. 5. In FIG. 6, the main display (241), the side 1 display (242), and the side 2 display (243) each show a field of view converted into a rectangular shape through warping compensation. The vertical axis represents the vertical field of view (V-FOV), and the horizontal axis represents the horizontal field of view (H-FOV). The results of performing the optical simulation with the spacing between the displays (240) minimized show that the total horizontal field of view (Total H-FOV) is extended up to 70 degrees (°).

[0092] FIG. 7 shows three embodiments of a method for adjusting the output angle of FIG. 4. FIG. 7(a) shows a method for adjusting the output angle by moving the LED light source (160). The LED light source (160) is moved to the left with respect to the central axis of the lens array.

[0093] The target output angle is α OUT In this case, Equation 1 for calculating the distance (LED shift) of the LED light source (160) that must be moved to reach the target output angle is as follows.

[0094] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0095] LED shift distance of the LED light source (160) = focal length of the lens array (f LA )*tan(α OUT )

[0096] Here, the focal length of the lens array (f LA ) is the distance between the lens array and the light source (160).

[0097] FIG. 7(b) illustrates a method of adjusting the output angle using a Fresnel lens, and FIG. 7(c) illustrates a method of adjusting the output angle using a Fresnel lens while moving the LED light source (160). FIG. 7(c) shows that the LED light source (160) is moved so that the light beam is already tilted, and then a Fresnel lens is used to tilt it once more, thereby increasing the degree of tilt.

[0098] The Fresnel lens in FIG. 7(c) tilts the light rays less than the Fresnel lens in FIG. 7(b). However, due to the movement of the LED light source (160), the same output angle α as in FIG. 7(b) is obtained. OUT Can produce.

[0099] Fig. 7(c) can be expressed as Equation 2 as follows.

[0100] [Mathematical Formula 2]

[0101] LED shift distance of the LED light source (160) = focal length of the lens array (f LA )*tan(intermediate angle)

[0102] Equation 2 is α in Equation 1 OUT is replaced with an intermediate angle. That is, the LED light source (160) is moved only by an angle of the intermediate stage of the output angle, and the direction of the light beam is changed with a Fresnel lens to finally achieve the target output angle α. OUT It can achieve.

[0103] Among the three methods, if the method of Fig. 7(c) is used, the backlight unit (200) can be designed to have the largest output angle.

[0104] FIG. 8 explains, from a different angle, a method of adjusting the output angle using a Fresnel lens while moving the LED light source (160) of FIG. 7(c) at the same time.

[0105] The backlight unit (200) may be configured to include a light source (160), a parallel light implementing element (150) that converts light rays into parallel light, and a direction changing element (140) that changes the direction of the light rays. Here, the direction changing element (140) may be an area cut from a part of the Fresnel lens. The cut area of ​​the Fresnel lens is cut by moving it in the horizontal direction (A) and the vertical direction (B) from the central axis of the Fresnel lens, taking into account the target output angle. Additionally, the cut area corresponds to the size of the display (240). When the LED light source (160) moves from the central axis of the collimation lens, the Fresnel lens becomes less tilted by the amount of the light rays tilted by the LED light source (160), so the position of the cut area can be changed.

[0106] FIG. 9 shows the location where a Fresnel lens is installed in a backlight unit (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9(a) shows a Fresnel lens stacked on the lower surface of a bottom diffuser (132), and FIG. 9(b) shows a Fresnel lens stacked on the lower surface of a top diffuser (131).

[0107] In Fig. 9(a), the target output angle (target BLU angle) can be calculated using Equation 3.

[0108] [Mathematical Formula 3]

[0109] Target BLU angle = Angle by LED shift + Angle by Fresnel lens

[0110] In addition, in Fig. 9(a), the panel must move because it must be in the path of the light ray. Therefore, the volume of the device may increase. The panel shift can be calculated by Equation 4.

[0111] [Mathematical Formula 4]

[0112] Panel shift = Air gap * tan(target BLU angle)

[0113] Here, the air gap is the distance between the top diffuser (131) and the bottom diffuser (132), and the panel travel distance is determined by the air gap and the target output angle.

[0114] In Fig. 9(b), the target output angle (target BLU angle) can be calculated using Equation 5.

[0115] [Mathematical Formula 5]

[0116] Target BLU angle = Angle by LED shift + Angle by shifted Fresnel lens

[0117] And, the panel shift can be calculated using mathematical formula 6.

[0118] [Mathematical Formula 6]

[0119] Panel shift = Air gap * tan(angle by LED shift)

[0120] Here, the panel shift is determined by the output angle based on the air gap and the distance of the LED light source (160).

[0121] In Fig. 9(a), the ray bends once at the bottom and travels along a straight path through the panel, whereas in Fig. 9(b), the ray bends once at the bottom and then bends once more at the top due to the Fresnel lens.

[0122] In the case of FIG. 9(b), the volume of the device can be reduced because the travel distance of the panel is short. This contributes to reducing the gap between the displays (240).

[0123] Meanwhile, in FIG. 9(b), output angle adjustment by moving the light source may not be performed, and only output angle adjustment by moving the Fresnel lens may be performed. In this case, panel movement does not occur, so the volume of the device can be minimized.

[0124] FIG. 10 illustrates a method for designing an optical layer (300) that forms a three-dimensional image according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, the optical layer (300) may refer to a lenticular lens.

[0125] Referring to FIG. 10, a method for designing a lenticular lens that forms a three-dimensional image can be configured to include: a first step (S100) of setting the pitch of the lenticular lens; a second step (S110) of setting the interpupillary distance (IPD) for design and the corresponding viewing width; a third step (S120) of calculating the gap parameter of the lenticular lens; a fourth step (S130) of modifying the gap parameter of the lenticular lens; and a fifth step (S140) of adjusting the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens.

[0126] In the first step (S100), the pitch is determined based on the basic display (240) resolution and the target 3D resolution.

[0127] In the second step (S110), the interpupillary distance (IPD) for the design can be calculated as a ratio of the horizontal line of sight (LOA). The horizontal line of sight (LOA) is determined by the degree to which the driver rotates their head toward the display (240).

[0128] Here, the interpupillary distance (IPD) for design and the corresponding viewing width can be calculated by Equation 7.

[0129] [Mathematical Formula 7]

[0130] Viewing width = 2 * Inter-pupillary distance (IPD) for design

[0131] In the third step (S120), the gap parameter of the lenticular lens can be calculated by considering the pre-set pitch, the interpupillary distance (IPD) for design, and the virtual image distance (VID).

[0132] In the fourth step (S130), the gap parameter of the lenticular lens can be modified by taking into account the vertical output angle (VOA) and horizontal output angle (HOA) of the light beam emitted from the backlight unit (200).

[0133] In the fifth step (S140), the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens can be modified by taking into account the vertical output angle (VOA) and horizontal output angle (HOA) of the light rays emitted from the backlight unit (200).

[0134] FIG. 11 illustrates a change in the viewing width (VW) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It shows how the viewing width (VW) changes when viewing the display (240) from the front (see FIG. 11(a)) and when viewing it from a specific angle (see FIG. 11(b)). Since the 'enlarged viewing width (VW enlarged)' when viewing from a specific angle increases according to the inverse of cos(LOA), it is desirable to adjust it to an appropriately small value. Here, the specific angle refers to the driver's horizontal line of sight angle (LOA).

[0135] FIG. 11(a) shows the viewing width (VW) when viewing the display (240) from the front. Here, the viewing width (VW) indicates the width at which the visual content of the display (240) can be viewed in relation to the distance (IPD) between the viewer's two eyes (210).

[0136] FIG. 11(b) shows that when viewing the display from a specific angle, the viewing width should be adjusted to the value of the enlarged viewing width (VW enlarged) calculated using the cosine law according to the horizontal line of sight (LOA). This means that when viewing the display (240) from a specific angle, the viewing width appears wider than the actual visible width.

[0137] The extended viewing width can be calculated by mathematical formula 8.

[0138] [Mathematical Formula 8]

[0139] Enlarged View (VW enlarged) = VW / cos(LOA)

[0140] As LOA increases, the value of cos(LOA) decreases, and the expanded viewing width expands further.

[0141] For reference, if the value of the enlarged viewing width (VW enlarged) is calculated to be too large, it must be adjusted to a smaller value. In other words, adjustments are required to maintain an appropriate viewing width so that the actual visual content does not spread too widely.

[0142] FIG. 12 illustrates a process in which the viewing width (VW) is expanded according to the driver's horizontal look-over angle (LOA) in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, thereby reducing the inner margin and increasing the outer margin. FIG. 12(a) shows an ideal frontal viewing width (VW), and FIG. 12(b) shows an expanded viewing width (VW enlarged).

[0143] In the case of Fig. 12(b), the viewing width (VW) is expanded, so the inner margin decreases and the outer margin increases. Therefore, it can be seen that adjustment of the viewing width is necessary to secure the inner margin.

[0144] Here, the inner margin refers to the area from the point where crosstalk begins to disappear between the driver's two eyes (210) to the center of the eye (pupil), and the outer margin refers to the area from the center of the eye (pupil) to the point where crosstalk begins to appear outward.

[0145] For reference, in Fig. 12, the red area (n) and the blue area (l) are areas where no crosstalk is visible, and the purple area (m) in the middle is an area where crosstalk is visible.

[0146] FIG. 13 illustrates three conditions for setting the 'Interpupillary Distance for design (IPD for design)' according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13(a) shows the case where only the eyes are rotated (Tilting eyes only), FIG. 13(b) shows the case where only the head is rotated (Tilting head only), and FIG. 13(c) shows the case where both the eyes and the head are rotated at a certain ratio (Tilting both eyes and head).

[0147] In the case of Fig. 13(a) where only the eyes are rotated without moving the head, the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) is the horizontal change in the interpupillary distance. In this case, the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) can be calculated by multiplying the existing IPD and the cosine value of LOA.

[0148] In the case of tilting only the head in Fig. 13(b), the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) is maintained at the same as the basic interpupillary distance (IPD). That is, when tilting only the head without changing the field of view, the interpupillary distance does not change.

[0149] Figure 13(c) shows that when tilting both eyes and head in some proportion, the interpupillary distance (IPD) for design is calculated by applying half the value of the horizontal line of sight (LOA) to the basic interpupillary distance (IPD) using a cosine function.

[0150] FIG. 14 illustrates a method for adjusting the gap parameter of an optical layer (300) in consideration of a viewing width (VW) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the optical layer (300) may refer to a lenticular lens. The same applies to FIG. 15, which will be described later. FIG. 14(a) shows a case where the gap parameter is adjusted in consideration of an ideal frontal viewing width (VW), and FIG. 14(b) shows a case where the gap parameter is adjusted by applying an interpupillary distance for designing an expanded viewing width.

[0151] If the optical layer (300) is, for example, a lenticular lens, the gap parameter can be adjusted based on the pitch, the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design), and the virtual image distance (VID).

[0152] FIG. 15 illustrates a method for adjusting the gap parameter of an optical layer (300) by considering the output angle of a light ray emitted from a backlight unit (200) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15(a) and FIG. 15(b) show different cross-sectional views according to each direction of the same lens.

[0153] Considering cases where the display screen is not viewed directly and where the direction of the light rays from the display is not output vertically, it is necessary to further correct the gap parameter adjusted in FIG. 14 as shown in FIG. 15. The display emits light rays with a horizontal output angle (HOA) and a vertical output angle (VOA). Therefore, the process of further adjusting the gap parameter can be performed by considering the horizontal output angle in FIG. 15(a) and the vertical output angle in FIG. 15(b) together.

[0154] FIG. 16 illustrates a process of adjusting the radius of curvature of an optical layer (300) by considering the output angle of a light ray emitted from a backlight unit (200) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16(a) shows a comparison between the path of a light ray (indicated by a dotted line) under normal viewing conditions and the path of a light ray (indicated by a solid line) under conditions where the output angle is applied, when a light ray originating from a subpixel passes through a lenticular lens. In the latter case (indicated by a solid line), the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens does not match the gap parameter because the focal length is short.

[0155] Figure 16(b) shows the focal length of the lenticular lens matched to the gap parameter by adjusting the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens.

[0156] When comparing the bottom images of FIG. 16(a) and FIG. 16(b), in the case of FIG. 16(b), a sufficient margin area is secured so that no crosstalk occurs for the left and right eyes, thereby providing focused visual information without viewing fatigue through the adjustment of the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens. In conclusion, it can be understood that a process of adjusting the radius of curvature of the optical layer (300) is necessary, taking into account the output angle of the light rays emitted through FIG. 16.

[0157] FIG. 17 illustrates a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device in which a plurality of displays are harmonized to provide a panoramic view on the windshield of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 illustrates a lens design step in the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0158] Referring to FIG. 17, another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device (10) in which a plurality of displays (240) are harmonized to provide a panoramic view on the windshield (220) of a vehicle, wherein

[0159] An output angle determination step (S200) for determining the output angle of a light beam irradiated from the display module (100) by considering the mounting position where the display module (100) is mounted on the vehicle and the driver's eye box center (250a);

[0160] A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device (10) can be provided, comprising: a viewing angle determination step (S210) for determining the viewing angle of the driver by considering the display center of the display (240) generated by the eye box center (250a) and the display module (100); and a lens design step (S220) for designing a lenticular lens by considering the viewing angle.

[0161] Referring to FIG. 18, the lens design step (S220) includes an interpupillary distance setting step (S221) for setting the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) considering the driver's viewing angle; and

[0162] It may include a viewing width adjustment step (S222) for adjusting the viewing width (VW) by considering the interpupillary distance for the design set above; and a gap adjustment step (S223) for adjusting the gap parameter of the lenticular lens by considering the adjusted viewing width.

[0163] In the interpupillary distance setting step (S221), the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) can be set based on one of the cases where the driver rotates only the eyes, rotates only the head, or rotates both the eyes and the head together.

[0164] The gap adjustment step (S223) may include an output angle-based gap adjustment step (S223) that further adjusts the adjusted gap parameter of the lenticular lens by considering the output angle of the light ray.

[0165] After the adjustment of the gap parameter is completed, it may be configured to include a radius of curvature adjustment step (S225) for adjusting the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens by considering the output angle of the light ray.

[0166] The embodiments according to the present invention described above may be implemented in the form of a computer program that can be executed through various components on a computer, and such a computer program may be recorded on a computer-readable medium. In this case, the medium may include a magnetic medium such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, and a magnetic tape, an optical recording medium such as a CD-ROM and a DVD, a magneto-optical medium such as a floptical disk, and a hardware device specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as a ROM, RAM, or flash memory.

[0167] Meanwhile, the above-mentioned computer program may be one specifically designed and configured for the present invention, or one known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer programs may include machine code, such as that generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0168] In the specification of the present invention (particularly in the claims), the use of the term "above" and similar descriptive terms may be in both singular and plural. Furthermore, where a range is described in the present invention, it is to include an invention to which individual values ​​belonging to said range are applied (unless otherwise stated), and this is equivalent to describing each individual value constituting said range in the detailed description of the invention.

[0169] Unless explicitly stated or contrary to the order of the steps constituting the method according to the present invention, said steps may be performed in a suitable order. The present invention is not necessarily limited by the order in which said steps are described. The use of all examples or exemplary terms (e.g., etc.) in the present invention is merely for the purpose of describing the present invention in detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by said examples or exemplary terms unless limited by the claims. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications, combinations, and changes may be made according to design conditions and factors within the scope of the claims or equivalents to which they are added.

[0170] Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments described above, and all scopes equivalent to or equivalently modified from the claims set forth below, as well as the claims set forth below, shall be considered to fall within the scope of the concept of the present invention.

[0171] (Explanation of symbols)

[0172] 10: 3D Augmented Reality Head-Up Display Device

[0173] 100: Display module

[0174] 120: Display panel

[0175] 130: Diffuser

[0176] 131: Top Diffuser

[0177] 132: Bottom Diffuser

[0178] 140: Direction changer

[0179] 150: Parallel light implementation device

[0180] 160: Light source

[0181] 200: Backlight unit

[0182] 210: Both eyes of the driver

[0183] 220: Windshield

[0184] 230: Virtual image

[0185] 240: Display

[0186] 241: Main Display

[0187] 241a: Main Display Center

[0188] 242: Side 1 Display

[0189] 242a: Side 1 Display Center

[0190] 243: Side 2 Display

[0191] 243a: Side 2 Display Center

[0192] 250: iBox

[0193] 250a: iBox Center

[0194] 300: Optical layer

[0195] S100: Phase 1

[0196] S110: Phase 2

[0197] S120: Phase 3

[0198] S130: Phase 4

[0199] S140: Phase 5

[0200] S200: Output angle determination step

[0201] S210: Viewing Angle Determination Step

[0202] S220: Lens design stage

[0203] S221: Inter-pupil distance setting step

[0204] S222: View width adjustment stage

[0205] S223: Gap adjustment step

[0206] S224: Output angle basic gap adjustment step

[0207] S225: Radius of curvature adjustment step

[0208]

[0209]

Claims

1. Display panel; An optical layer laminated on the upper surface of the above display panel and forming a three-dimensional image; and A backlight unit laminated on the lower surface of the above-mentioned display panel and irradiating light; It includes a display module having, A 3D augmented reality head-up display device in which the display modules are multiple, and the multiple display modules each generate multiple displays in multiple areas on the windshield of a vehicle to provide a panoramic view.

2. In Paragraph 1, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the plurality of displays including a main display located in front of the driver and a side display located to the side of the driver.

3. In Paragraph 1, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that each of the above-mentioned plurality of displays has its own display center, and the viewing angle between each display center and the driver's eye box center is different from each other.

4. In Paragraph 3, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the viewing angle includes a horizontal look-over angle (LOA) in which the driver's gaze moves in a horizontal direction and a vertical look-down angle (LDA) in which the gaze moves in a vertical direction, and the plurality of displays have the same or different vertical look-over angles (LDA) and different horizontal look-over angles (LOA).

5. In Paragraph 1, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that, in order to widen the horizontal field of view (H-FOV), the plurality of displays are each arranged side-by-side adjacent to each other on the windshield.

6. In Paragraph 1, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the plurality of display modules each transmitting a light beam having a different output angle to the center of the driver's eye box.

7. In Paragraph 6, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the output angle is set by considering the mounting position where each of the plurality of display modules is mounted on the vehicle and the eye box center.

8. In Paragraph 6, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the above output angle includes the angle at which a light ray is tilted out from the backlight unit.

9. In Paragraph 8, A 3D augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the backlight unit comprises a light source and a parallel light implementing element that implements a light ray generated by the light source into parallel light, and the change in the output angle is implemented by moving the light source based on the central axis of the parallel light implementing element.

10. In Paragraph 8, A 3D augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the backlight unit comprises a light source, a parallel light implementation element that implements a light ray generated by the light source into a parallel light, and a direction switching element that switches the direction of the light ray emitted from the parallel light implementation element, wherein the change in the output angle is implemented through the direction switching element or is implemented through the direction switching element while moving the light source.

11. In Paragraph 10, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the direction changing element includes an area in which a part of the Fresnel lens is cut, and the cut area is cut by moving horizontally and vertically from the central axis of the Fresnel lens based on the output angle.

12. In Paragraph 10, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the backlight unit comprises a top diffuser that disperses light rays and a bottom diffuser spaced apart from the top diffuser, and the direction changing element is disposed on the lower surface of the top diffuser or the lower surface of the bottom diffuser.

13. In Paragraph 1, A 3D augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the optical layer includes a lenticular lens, and the gap parameter of the lenticular lens is adjusted by considering the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) to reduce crosstalk.

14. In Paragraph 13, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the gap parameter being adjusted by considering the viewing width (VW) adjusted based on the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design).

15. In Paragraph 14, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the fact that the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) considered when adjusting the above viewing width (VW) is calculated based on the horizontal line of sight (LOA) in which the driver's gaze moves in the horizontal direction.

16. In Paragraph 15, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) for the above design being calculated based on one of the cases where the driver rotates only the eyes, rotates only the head, or rotates both the eyes and the head together.

17. In Paragraph 13, A 3D augmented reality head-up display device characterized by the gap parameter, adjusted by considering the interpupillary distance (IPD for design) for the above design, being further adjusted by considering the output angle of the light ray slanted out from the backlight unit.

18. In Paragraph 13, A three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device characterized in that the radius of curvature (Radius, R) of the lenticular lens is calculated by considering the output angle of the light rays inclined out from the backlight unit.

19. A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional augmented reality head-up display device in which multiple displays are harmonized to provide a panoramic view on the windshield of a vehicle, An output angle determination step for determining the output angle of a light beam emitted from the display module by considering the mounting position where the display module is mounted on the vehicle and the center of the driver's eye box; A viewing angle determination step for determining the driver's viewing angle by considering the above-mentioned i-box center and the display center of the display generated by the above-mentioned display module; and A lens design step for designing a lenticular lens considering the above-mentioned viewing angle; A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device including 20. In Paragraph 19, The above lens design step comprises: an interpupillary distance setting step for setting an interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) considering the driver's viewing angle; and A viewing width adjustment step for adjusting the viewing width (VW) by considering the interpupillary distance for the above-determined design; and A gap adjustment step for adjusting the gap parameter of the lenticular lens in consideration of the adjusted viewing width; A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device characterized by including 21. In Paragraph 20, A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device in which, in the above interpupillary distance setting step, the interpupillary distance for design (IPD for design) is set based on one of the cases where the driver rotates only the eyes, rotates only the head, or rotates both the eyes and the head together.

22. In Paragraph 20, A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device, wherein the gap adjustment step comprises an output angle-based gap adjustment step that further adjusts the adjusted gap parameter of the lenticular lens by considering the output angle of the light beam.

23. In Paragraph 22, A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional head-up display device comprising a radius of curvature adjustment step for adjusting the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens by considering the output angle of the light ray after the adjustment of the gap parameter is completed.

Images