Charging management circuit, electronic device, charging system and charging method

Abstract

The present application provides a charging management circuit, an electronic device, a charging system and a charging method. The charging management circuit comprises a DCDC conversion circuit and a controller. The DCDC conversion circuit comprises an inductor, a bridge arm and an SC circuit. If a first condition is met, the controller controls a capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between a first end of the bridge arm and a second end of the DCDC conversion circuit, and controls the midpoint of the bridge arm to be electrically connected to the SC circuit, so that the inductor is always on a high-voltage end side and thus a current flowing through the inductor is lower than that flowing the inductor when being on a low-voltage end side, thereby reducing losses during charging and improving charging efficiency. In addition, the SC circuit is usually composed of a switch and a capacitor and generally does not comprise an inductor, and the DCDC conversion circuit requires one inductor, thereby reducing the number of inductors and the area occupied by the DCDC conversion circuit or even by the charging management circuit.

Description

A charging management circuit, electronic device, charging system, and charging method.

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510047905.2, filed on January 10, 2025, entitled “A charging management circuit, electronic device, charging system and charging method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging management circuit, electronic device, charging system and charging method. Background Technology

[0004] Electronic devices such as mobile phones include a charging management circuit and a battery. The charging management circuit converts the external input voltage and supplies it to the battery to charge it. As the charging power of electronic devices continues to increase, there is a need to meet the demands of high-power charging scenarios, requiring high charging efficiency. Furthermore, to achieve a slimmer and lighter design, the charging management circuit needs to be relatively low in height and occupy a small area. However, current common DC-DC converter circuits typically include two parallel buckboost circuits and an inductor within each buckboost circuit. Each buckboost circuit contains four transistors, significantly increasing the number of transistors in the DC-DC converter circuit. The large area occupied by inductors further increases the overall area of ​​the DC-DC converter circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a charging management circuit, electronic device, charging system, and charging method to improve charging efficiency and reduce the footprint of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a charging management circuit, which may include a DC-DC converter circuit and a controller. The DC-DC converter circuit includes an inductor, a bridge arm, and a switched capacitor (SC) circuit. A first end of the inductor is connected to a first end of the DC-DC converter circuit, a second end of the inductor is connected to the midpoint of the bridge arm, a first end of the bridge arm is connected to the SC circuit, and a second end of the bridge arm is connected to a ground terminal. The SC circuit is also connected to a second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. The bridge arm and the SC circuit are also connected to the controller. If a first condition is met, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and controls the midpoint to be connected to the SC circuit. The first condition includes: the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to an adapter, the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a battery, and the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is greater than the charging voltage of the battery; or, the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a power receiving device, and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery.

[0007] Thus, in the first case, the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the adapter, and the second terminal is connected to the battery, thereby enabling battery charging. If the voltage input to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is greater than the battery charging voltage, the controller can control the bridge arm and the SC circuit to connect the inductor and capacitor in series between the first and second terminals of the DC-DC converter, with the inductor on the first terminal side. In this case, the inductor and capacitor form a step-down circuit, which can reduce the voltage input to the first terminal in this first case, with the inductor on the high-voltage side. In the second case, the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the receiving device, DC-DC... The second terminal of the C-type converter circuit is connected to a battery, allowing the battery to charge the receiving device, thus achieving reverse charging. If an inductor and capacitor are connected in series between the first and second terminals of the DC-DC converter circuit, with the inductor on the first terminal side, the buck circuit formed by the inductor and capacitor operates in the opposite mode to the first terminal in this second case. In other words, in this second case, the buck circuit can boost the voltage input to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit, while the inductor remains on the high-voltage side. Because the inductor is always on the high-voltage side, the current flowing through it is relatively smaller than when it is on the low-voltage side, reducing charging losses and improving charging efficiency. Furthermore, SC circuits typically consist of switches and capacitors, so they generally do not include inductors. Therefore, the DC-DC converter circuit requires one inductor. Since inductors occupy a large area, reducing the number of inductors reduces the overall area of ​​the DC-DC converter circuit, facilitating miniaturization of the charging management circuit.

[0008] Optionally, if the second condition is met, the controller is further configured to control the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and to control the bridge arm to intermittently connect the inductor to the SC circuit. The second condition includes: the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to an adapter, the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a battery, and the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is less than or equal to the battery's charging voltage. Thus, when the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the adapter and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery, the battery can be charged. If the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is less than or equal to the battery's charging voltage, the controller can control the bridge arm and the SC circuit to intermittently connect the inductor between the first end and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. Since the inductor has a boost function, it can boost the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit, ensuring that the battery can be charged normally.

[0009] Optionally, the bridge arm includes a first bridge arm switch and a second bridge arm switch. The control terminal of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the SC circuit, and the second end of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the first end of the second bridge arm switch and the second end of the inductor, respectively. The control terminal of the second bridge arm switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the second bridge arm switch is also connected to the second end of the inductor, and the second end of the second bridge arm switch is connected to the ground terminal.

[0010] Furthermore, the controller's control of the midpoint connecting to the SC circuit specifically controls the first bridge arm switch to be on; the controller's control of the bridge arm to intermittently connect the inductor to the SC circuit specifically controls the first and second bridge arm switches to be on alternately. Thus, when the first condition is met, the first bridge arm switch is always on, and the second bridge arm switch is always off, allowing the inductor to always be connected to the SC circuit; when the second condition is met, the first bridge arm switch is on and the second bridge arm switch is off, at which point the inductor will be connected to the SC circuit; when the first bridge arm switch is off and the second bridge arm switch is on, the inductor is directly grounded, and at this time the inductor will not be connected to the SC circuit, thereby achieving intermittent connection between the bridge arm and the inductor and the SC circuit.

[0011] Optionally, the SC circuit includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a first capacitor; the control terminal of the first switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the bridge arm, the first end of the first switch is also connected to the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the first switch is connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit and the first end of the second switch; the control terminal of the second switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the second switch is also connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and the second end of the second switch is connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the first end of the third switch; the control terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the third switch is also connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the third switch is connected to the ground terminal. Thus, the SC circuit consists of three switches and one capacitor, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit consist of five switches, one capacitor, and one inductor. Compared to the prior art DC-DC converter circuit, which includes two inductors and eight switches, this reduces both the number of inductors and the number of switches. Since the capacitor occupies the smallest area, even adding one capacitor will not significantly affect the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can simultaneously bring performance improvements such as small footprint and low cost.

[0012] Specifically, the controller connects the capacitor in the SC circuit between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. This connection is used to control the switching of the first, second, and third switches between a first state and a second state. The first state includes the first and third switches being on, and the second switch being off. The second state includes the second switch being on, and the first and third switches being off. The controller also controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, specifically by controlling the first and third switches to be on. Thus, by switching between the first and second states, the capacitor can be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit during certain time periods when the first condition is met. When the second condition is met, the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit are directly connected, thereby realizing the function of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, in this SC circuit architecture, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit to the voltage at the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is approximately 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the SC circuit also includes a first extension structure connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the first end of the first switch. The first extension structure includes a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch. The control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the controller. The first end of the fourth switch serves as the first end of the first extension structure and is connected to the first end of the bridge arm. The first end of the fourth switch is also connected to the first end of the third capacitor. The second end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of both the second capacitor and the first end of the fifth switch. The control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the controller. The first end of the fifth switch is also connected to the first end of the second capacitor. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the second end of the third capacitor. The second end of the fifth switch serves as the second end of the first extension structure and is connected to the first end of the first switch. The second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the DC-DC conversion circuit. Thus, the SC circuit consists of five switches and three capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit consist of seven switches, three capacitors, and one inductor. Compared with the prior art DC-DC converter circuit, which includes two inductors and eight switches, this not only reduces the number of inductors but also the number of switches. Since capacitors occupy the smallest area, even with the addition of three capacitors, the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit is still relatively small compared with the prior art. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can still bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost.

[0014] Specifically, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. This is used to control the switching of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches between a first state and a second state. The first state includes the first, third, and fourth switches being on, and the second and fifth switches being off. The second state includes the second and fifth switches being on, and the first, third, and fourth switches being off. The controller also controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, specifically by controlling the first, third, fourth, and fifth switches to be on. Thus, by switching between the first and second states, the capacitor can be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit at any time when the first condition is met. When the second condition is met, the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit are directly connected, thereby realizing the function of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, in this SC circuit architecture, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit to the voltage at the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is approximately 3.

[0015] Furthermore, the SC circuit also includes a second expansion structure connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the first end of the fourth switch. The second expansion structure includes a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth switch, and a seventh switch. The control terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the controller. The first end of the sixth switch serves as the first end of the second expansion structure and is connected to the first end of the bridge arm. The first end of the sixth switch is also connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor. The second end of the sixth switch is connected to the first end of both the fourth capacitor and the first end of the seventh switch. The control terminal of the seventh switch is connected to the controller. The first end of the seventh switch is also connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor. The second end of the seventh switch is connected to the first end of the third capacitor. The second end of the seventh switch serves as the second end of the second expansion structure and is connected to the first end of the fourth switch. The second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor. Thus, the SC circuit consists of seven switches and five capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit consist of nine switches, five capacitors, and one inductor. Compared with the prior art, which includes two inductors and eight switches, this reduces the number of inductors. However, since inductors occupy the largest area, followed by switches, and then capacitors, even with the addition of one switch and five capacitors compared to the prior art, the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit can still be reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can still bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost.

[0016] Specifically, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit to connect between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. This is used to control the switching of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh switches between a first state and a second state. The first state includes the first, third, fourth, and sixth switches being on, and the second, fifth, and seventh switches being off. The second state includes the second, fifth, and seventh switches being on, and the first, third, fourth, and sixth switches being off. The controller also controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, specifically by controlling the first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh switches to be on. Thus, by switching between the first and second states, the capacitor can be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit at any time when the first condition is met; when the second condition is met, the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit are directly connected, thereby realizing the function of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, under this SC circuit architecture, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first terminal of the DC-DC converter to the voltage at the second terminal of the DC-DC converter is approximately 4.

[0017] Optionally, the SC circuit includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; the control terminal of the first switch is connected to the controller, the first terminal of the first switch is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor, the first terminal of the first switch is also connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch, and the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the first terminal of the second switch; the control terminal of the second switch is connected to the controller, the first terminal of the second switch is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit and the first terminal of the third switch; the control terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller, and the... The first terminal of the three switches is also connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The second terminal of the third switch is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the first terminal of the fourth switch, respectively. The control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the controller. The first terminal of the fourth switch is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the ground terminal. The control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the controller. The first terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The second terminal of the fifth switch is also connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm and the first terminal of the first capacitor, respectively. The control terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the controller. The first terminal of the sixth switch is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor and the second terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the ground terminal. Thus, the SC circuit consists of six switches and two capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit consist of eight switches, two capacitors, and one inductor. Compared with the existing DC-DC converter circuit, which includes two inductors and eight switches, this reduces the number of inductors. However, since inductors occupy the largest area, followed by switches, and then capacitors occupy the smallest area, the area occupied by two capacitors is still smaller than that of one inductor. This still reduces the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit to a certain extent. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can simultaneously bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost.

[0018] Specifically, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. This is used to control the switching of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches between a first state and a second state. The first state includes the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches being on, and the first and third switches being off. The second state includes the first and third switches being on, and the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches being off. The controller also controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, specifically by controlling the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches to be on. Thus, by switching between the first and second states, the capacitor can be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit for a portion of the time when the first condition is met; when the second condition is met, the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit are directly connected, thereby realizing the function of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, in this SC circuit architecture, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit to the voltage at the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is approximately 3.

[0019] Furthermore, the SC circuit also includes a third extension structure connected between the second terminal of the first capacitor and the first terminal of the first switch. This third extension structure includes a seventh switch, an eighth switch, a ninth switch, and a third capacitor. The control terminal of the seventh switch is connected to the controller, and its first terminal is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch and the first terminal of the third capacitor. The second terminal of the seventh switch is also connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The control terminal of the eighth switch is connected to the controller, and its first terminal is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor. The first terminal of the eighth switch also serves as the first terminal of the third extension structure and is connected to the first terminal of the first switch. The second terminal of the eighth switch is connected to the ground terminal. The control terminal of the ninth switch is connected to the controller, and its first terminal serves as the second terminal of the third extension structure and is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor. The second terminal of the ninth switch is also connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor. Thus, by modifying the SC circuit, the transformer ratio when the first condition is met can be adjusted to suit more scenarios.

[0020] Specifically, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit to connect between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. This is used to control the switching of switches one through nine between a first state and a second state. The first state includes switches two through eight being on, and switches one through nine being off. The second state includes switches one through eight being on, and switches two through eight being off. The controller also controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, specifically by controlling switches two through eight to be on. Thus, by switching between the first and second states, the capacitor can be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit for a portion of the time when the first condition is met; when the second condition is met, the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit are directly connected, thereby realizing the function of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, under this SC circuit architecture, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first terminal of the DC-DC converter to the voltage at the second terminal of the DC-DC converter is approximately 4.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which may include: a charging management circuit as described in the first aspect and any of the embodiments described in the first aspect, and a battery, wherein the charging management circuit is connected to the battery. Thus, based on the charging management circuit having high charging efficiency and a small footprint, the electronic device has good performance and is also conducive to miniaturization. Optionally, the electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet, watch, Bluetooth headset, smart wearable device, etc.

[0022] It should be understood that since the principle by which this electronic device solves the problem is similar to that of the aforementioned charging management circuit, the implementation and technical effects of this electronic device can be found in the implementation and technical effects of the aforementioned charging management circuit, and the repetitions will not be repeated.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a charging system, which may include: a charging device and at least one electronic device as described in the first aspect and any of the embodiments described in the first aspect, wherein the charging device is used to charge the electronic device. Thus, based on the high charging efficiency of the electronic device, the charging system also has high charging efficiency.

[0024] It should be understood that since the principle by which this charging system solves the problem is similar to that of the aforementioned charging management circuit, the implementation and technical effects of this charging system can be found in the implementation and technical effects of the aforementioned charging management circuit, and the repetitions will not be repeated.

[0025] Fourthly, this application also provides a charging method, which can be implemented using the charging management circuit described in the first aspect and any embodiment of the first aspect. The charging management circuit includes a DC-DC converter circuit and a controller. The DC-DC converter circuit includes an inductor, a bridge arm, and a switched capacitor (SC) circuit. The first end of the inductor is connected to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the inductor is connected to the midpoint of the bridge arm, the first end of the bridge arm is connected to the SC circuit, the second end of the bridge arm is connected to a ground terminal, and the SC circuit is also connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. The bridge arm and the SC circuit are also connected to the controller. The charging method includes: if a first condition is met, controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and controlling the midpoint to be connected to the SC circuit. The first condition includes: the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to an adapter, the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a battery, and the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is greater than the charging voltage of the battery; or, the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a power receiving device, and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery.

[0026] Optionally, the charging method further includes: if a second condition is met, controlling the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and controlling the bridge arm to intermittently connect the inductor to the SC circuit; the second condition includes: the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the adapter, the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery, and the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is less than or equal to the charging voltage of the battery.

[0027] Optionally, controlling the bridge arm to intermittently connect the inductor and the SC circuit includes: controlling the first bridge arm switch and the second bridge arm switch to conduct alternately; controlling the midpoint to connect with the SC circuit includes: controlling the first bridge arm switch to conduct; wherein, the bridge arm includes a first bridge arm switch and a second bridge arm switch, the control terminal of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the SC circuit, the second end of the first bridge arm switch is connected to the first end of the second bridge arm switch and the second end of the inductor respectively; the control terminal of the second bridge arm switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the second bridge arm switch is also connected to the second end of the inductor, and the second end of the second bridge arm switch is connected to the ground terminal.

[0028] Optionally, the controller controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the first switch and the third switch to be turned on; controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the first switch, the second switch and the third switch to switch between a first state and a second state; wherein, the first state includes: the first switch and the third switch are turned on, and the second switch is turned off; the second state includes: the second switch is turned on, and the first switch and the third switch are turned off; the SC circuit includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first capacitor; the control terminal of the first switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the bridge arm, the first end of the first switch is also connected to the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the first switch is connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit and the first end of the second switch respectively; the control terminal of the second switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the second switch is also connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and the second end of the second switch is connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the first end of the third switch respectively; the control terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the third switch is also connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the third switch is connected to the ground terminal.

[0029] Furthermore, the controller controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the first, third, fourth, and fifth switches to be turned on; controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switches to switch between a first state and a second state; wherein, the first state includes: the first, third, and fourth switches are turned on, and the second and fifth switches are turned off; the second state includes: the second and fifth switches are turned on, and the first, third, and fourth switches are turned off; the SC circuit also includes a first extension structure, the first extension structure being connected to the first end of the bridge arm. Between the first terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the first switch, the first expansion structure includes: a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth switch, and a fifth switch; the control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the controller, the first terminal of the fourth switch serves as the first terminal of the first expansion structure and is connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm, the first terminal of the fourth switch is also connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the first terminal of the fifth switch respectively; the control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the controller, the first terminal of the fifth switch is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor, the second terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor, and the second terminal of the fifth switch serves as the second terminal of the first expansion structure and is connected to the first terminal of the first switch; the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0030] Optionally, the controller controls the SC circuit to connect the first end of the bridge arm to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches to be turned on; controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, including: controlling the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches to switch between a first state and a second state; wherein, the first state includes: the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches are turned on, and the first and third switches are turned off; the second state includes: the first and third switches are turned on, and the second, fourth, fifth, and sixth switches are turned off; the SC circuit includes: the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch, the sixth switch, the first capacitor, and the second capacitor; the control terminal of the first switch is connected to the controller, the first end of the first switch is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the first end of the first switch is also connected to the first end of the sixth switch, the second... The second terminal of a switch is connected to the first terminal of a second capacitor and the first terminal of a second switch, respectively. The control terminal of the second switch is connected to the controller, and the first terminal of the second switch is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor. The second terminal of the second switch is also connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit and the first terminal of a third switch, respectively. The control terminal of the third switch is connected to the controller, and the first terminal of the third switch is also connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The second terminal of the third switch is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor and the first terminal of a fourth switch, respectively. The control terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the controller, and the first terminal of the fourth switch is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor. The second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the ground terminal. The control terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the controller, and the first terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit. The second terminal of the fifth switch is also connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm and the first terminal of the first capacitor, respectively. The control terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the controller, and the first terminal of the sixth switch is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor. The second terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the ground terminal.

[0031] It should be understood that since the principle of this charging method in solving the problem is similar to that of the aforementioned charging management circuit, the implementation and technical effects of this charging method can be found in the implementation and technical effects of the aforementioned charging management circuit, and the repetitions will not be repeated. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 shows the connection relationships of the various states corresponding to the structure shown in Figure 2;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 shows the connection relationships of the various states corresponding to the structure shown in Figure 4;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 shows the connection relationships of the various states corresponding to the structure shown in Figure 6;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 shows the connection relationships of the various states corresponding to the structure shown in Figure 8;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another charging management circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 shows the connection relationships of the various states corresponding to the structure shown in Figure 10.

[0043] Reference numerals: 10-DC-CDC converter circuit, 11-bridge arm, 12-SC circuit, 12a-first extension structure, 12b-second extension structure, 12c-third extension structure, 20-controller, 30-battery, P1-first terminal of DC-CDC converter circuit, P2-second terminal of DC-CDC converter circuit, L-inductor, x0-midpoint, Qa-first bridge arm switch, Qb-second bridge arm switch, Q1-first switch, Q2-second switch, Q3-third switch, Q4-fourth switch, Q5-fifth switch, Q6-sixth switch, Q7-seventh switch, Q8-eighth switch, Q9-ninth switch, C1-first capacitor, C2-second capacitor, C3-third capacitor, C4-fifth capacitor, C5-fifth capacitor, GND-ground terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that the same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this application denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Terms expressing position and direction described in this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but may be modified as needed, and all such modifications are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of this application are for illustrating relative positional relationships only and do not represent actual scale.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner. In the embodiments of this application, the words "first," "second," etc., do not limit the number or order.

[0047] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios will be explained first below.

[0048] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to charging systems. A charging system can include a charging device and an electronic device. The charging device can charge the battery in the electronic device so that the charging device can be used normally. When the charging system is a wireless charging system, when the electronic device approaches the charging device, the coil in the electronic device and the coil of the charging device undergo electromagnetic induction, and energy (or electrical energy, or wireless charging signal) is transferred from the charging device to the electronic device. In this case, the charging device can be, but is not limited to, a wireless adapter, a wireless power bank, etc. When the charging system is a wired charging system, the charging device is connected to the electronic device, and the charging device transmits a DC charging signal to the electronic device. In this case, the charging device can be, but is not limited to, a wired adapter, a wired power bank, etc. It should be understood that if the charging device is a wired or wireless adapter, the charging device needs to be connected to a power source when charging the electronic device; if the charging device is a wired or wireless power bank, the charging device does not need to be connected to a power source.

[0049] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging system. Referring to Figure 1, electronic device A includes a DC-DC converter circuit, a controller, and a battery. The DC-DC converter circuit and the controller can constitute a charging management circuit. When the charging device is connected to the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery, the controller controls the DC-DC converter circuit to charge the battery. In this case, the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit serves as the power input port, and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit serves as the power output port. This charging process can be called forward input. When the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to electronic device B and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery, the controller controls the DC-DC converter circuit to reverse charge electronic device B. In this case, the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit serves as the power output port, and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit serves as the power input port. This charging process can be called reverse output. Based on this, the electronic device in this embodiment can achieve both forward power input and reverse power output, giving the electronic device more functions. In Figure 1, the dashed lines indicate that the first terminal P1 can be connected to the charging device and the first terminal P1 can be connected to the electronic device B. The electronic device A can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet, watch, Bluetooth headset, smart wearable device, etc., and the electronic device B can also be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet, watch, Bluetooth headset, smart wearable device, etc., and the electronic device B is used as a power receiving device.

[0050] As the charging power of electronic devices continues to increase, there is a need to meet the demands of high-power charging scenarios, which requires high charging efficiency. Furthermore, to achieve a slimmer and lighter design for electronic devices, the overall height and footprint of the charging management circuit must be low. However, current common DC-DC converter circuits typically include two parallel buckboost circuits and an inductor within each buckboost circuit. Each buckboost circuit contains four transistors, significantly increasing the number of transistors in the DC-DC converter circuit. The large footprint of the inductors further increases the overall footprint of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0051] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a charging management circuit for improving charging efficiency and reducing the footprint of the DC-DC converter circuit. Exemplarily, the charging management circuit provided in this application includes: a DC-DC converter circuit and a controller. The DC-DC converter circuit includes: an inductor, a bridge arm, and a switched capacitor (SC) circuit. The first end of the inductor is connected to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit, the second end of the inductor is connected to the midpoint of the bridge arm, the first end of the bridge arm is connected to the SC circuit, and the second end of the bridge arm is connected to a ground terminal. The SC circuit is also connected to the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit. The bridge arm and the SC circuit are also connected to the controller. If a first condition is met, the controller controls the capacitor in the SC circuit to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit, and controls the midpoint to be connected to the SC circuit. The first condition includes: the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to an adapter, the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a battery, and the voltage input to the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is greater than the charging voltage of the battery; or, the first end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to a power receiving device, and the second end of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the battery.

[0052] Thus, in the first case, the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the adapter, and the second terminal is connected to the battery, thereby enabling battery charging. If the voltage input to the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is greater than the battery charging voltage, the controller can control the bridge arm and the SC circuit to connect the inductor and capacitor in series between the first and second terminals of the DC-DC converter, with the inductor on the first terminal side. In this case, the inductor and capacitor form a step-down circuit, which can reduce the voltage input to the first terminal in this first case, with the inductor on the high-voltage side. In the second case, the first terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the receiving device, DC-DC... The second terminal of the C-type converter circuit is connected to a battery, allowing the battery to charge the receiving device, thus achieving reverse charging. If an inductor and capacitor are connected in series between the first and second terminals of the DC-DC converter circuit, with the inductor on the first terminal side, the buck circuit formed by the inductor and capacitor operates in the opposite mode to the first terminal in this second case. In other words, in this second case, the buck circuit can boost the voltage input to the second terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit, while the inductor remains on the high-voltage side. Because the inductor is always on the high-voltage side, the current flowing through it is relatively smaller than when it is on the low-voltage side, reducing charging losses and improving charging efficiency. Furthermore, SC circuits typically consist of switches and capacitors, so they generally do not include inductors. Therefore, the DC-DC converter circuit requires one inductor. Since inductors occupy a large area, reducing the number of inductors reduces the overall area of ​​the DC-DC converter circuit, facilitating miniaturization of the charging management circuit.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the relative positional relationships or connection relationships between the components. Some components are drawn in an exaggerated manner for ease of understanding. The shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual proportional relationships.

[0054] Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit. As shown in Figure 2, the charging management circuit includes a DC-DC converter circuit 10. The second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the battery 30. When the second terminal P2 is used as a power output port, the voltage processed by the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be provided to the battery 30 to charge the battery 30. When the second terminal P2 is used as a power input port, the voltage provided by the battery 30 can be processed by the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and output to enable the battery 30 to supply power to the outside.

[0055] The DC-DC converter circuit 10 includes an inductor L, a bridge arm 11, and an SC circuit 12. The first end of the inductor L is connected to the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and the second end of the inductor L is connected to the midpoint x0 of the bridge arm 11. The first end of the bridge arm 11 is connected to the SC circuit 12, and the second end of the bridge arm 11 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The SC circuit 12 is also connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. When the charging management circuit also includes a controller 20, the bridge arm 11 and the SC circuit 12 are also connected to the controller 20. If the first condition is met, the controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and controls the midpoint x0 to be connected to the SC circuit 12. It should be understood that, to avoid making the figures too complex, the connection lines between the controller 20 and the switches and bridge arm switches in the DC-DC converter circuit 10 are not shown in Figure 2.

[0056] Thus, in the first case, the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the adapter, and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the battery 30, thereby enabling the charging of the battery 30. If the voltage input to the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is greater than the charging voltage of the battery 30, the controller 20 can control the bridge arm 11 and the SC circuit 12 to connect the inductor L and the capacitor in series between the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, with the inductor L on the side of the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. At this time, the inductor L and the capacitor constitute a step-down circuit. In this first case, the step-down circuit can reduce the voltage input to the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and correspondingly, the inductor L is on the high-voltage side. In the second case, the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to... The receiving device is connected to the battery 30 via the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, allowing the battery 30 to provide power to charge the receiving device, thus achieving reverse charging. If the inductor L and capacitor are connected in series between the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and the inductor L is on the side of the first terminal P1, then the buck circuit formed by the inductor L and capacitor operates in the opposite mode to the first mode in this second case. That is, in this second case, the buck circuit can boost the voltage input to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, while the inductor L remains on the high-voltage side. Based on this, the inductor L is always on the high-voltage side, making the current flowing through the inductor L relatively smaller than when the inductor L is on the low-voltage side. This reduces the losses during charging and improves charging efficiency. Furthermore, the SC circuit 12 is usually composed of switches and capacitors, so the SC circuit 12 generally does not include an inductor L. Consequently, the DC-DC conversion circuit 10 requires an inductor L. Since the inductor L occupies a large area, by reducing the number of inductors L, the area occupied by the DC-DC conversion circuit 10 can be reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the charging management circuit.

[0057] It should be understood that when the current changes in the inductor L, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and Lenz's law, the inductor L generates an electromotive force (EMF) to resist the change in current. This EMF acts to impede rapid changes in current, thus reducing the rate of change of current at the high-voltage side, and consequently decreasing the current. At the low-voltage side, due to the reduced voltage, the rate of change of current increases, and the inductor L's resistance to current becomes more pronounced, resulting in an increased current. Therefore, placing the inductor L on the high-voltage side reduces the current flowing through it, thereby reducing charging losses and improving charging efficiency.

[0058] For example, if the second condition is met, the controller 20 can also be used to control the SC circuit 12 to connect the first end of the bridge arm 11 to the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and to control the bridge arm 11 to intermittently connect the inductor L to the SC circuit 12; the second condition includes: the first end P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the adapter, the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the battery 30, and the voltage input to the first end P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is less than or equal to the charging voltage of the battery 30. Thus, when the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the adapter and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is connected to the battery 30, the battery 30 can be charged. If the voltage input to the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is less than or equal to the charging voltage of the battery 30, the controller 20 can control the bridge arm 11 and the SC circuit 12 to make the inductor L intermittently connected between the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. Since the inductor L has a boost function, the inductor L can boost the voltage input to the first terminal P1 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 to ensure that the battery 30 can be charged normally.

[0059] I. The following sections will introduce the various structures in the DC-DC converter circuit 10.

[0060] 1.1 Bridge arm 11.

[0061] Bridge arm 11 includes: a first bridge arm switch Qa and a second bridge arm switch Qb. The control terminal of the first bridge arm switch Qa is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the first bridge arm switch Qa is connected to the SC circuit 12. The second end of the first bridge arm switch Qa is connected to the first end of the second bridge arm switch Qb and the second end of the inductor L. The control terminal of the second bridge arm switch Qb is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the second bridge arm switch Qb is also connected to the second end of the inductor L. The second end of the second bridge arm switch Qb is connected to the ground terminal GND. Therefore, the node formed by connecting the second end of the first bridge arm switch Qa and the first end of the second bridge arm switch Qb is the midpoint x0.

[0062] At this time, the controller 20 controls the midpoint x0 to connect with the SC circuit 12, specifically to control the first bridge arm switch Qa to conduct, and controls the bridge arm 11 to intermittently connect the inductor L to the SC circuit 12, specifically to control the first bridge arm switch Qa and the second bridge arm switch Qb to conduct alternately. Thus, when the first condition is met, the first bridge arm switch Qa is always conducting, and the second bridge arm switch Qb is always open, so that the inductor L can always be connected to the SC circuit 12; when the second condition is met, the first bridge arm switch Qa is conducting and the second bridge arm switch Qb is open, at which time the inductor L will be connected to the SC circuit 12; when the first bridge arm switch Qa is open and the second bridge arm switch Qb is conducting, the inductor L is directly grounded, and the inductor L will not be connected to the SC circuit 12, thereby realizing the intermittent connection of the bridge arm 11 with the inductor L and the SC circuit 12.

[0063] 1.2, SC circuit 12.

[0064] The SC circuit 12 includes: a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, and a first capacitor C1; the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the controller 20, the first end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first end of the bridge arm 11, the first end of the first switch Q1 is also connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the first end of the second switch Q2; the control terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the controller 20, the first end of the second switch Q2 is also connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, the second end of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the first end of the third switch Q3; the control terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the controller 20, the first end of the third switch Q3 is also connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the third switch Q3 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0065] It should be understood that in this application, each switch and each bridge arm switch may be, but is not limited to, a field-effect transistor, a triode, or other switching device with a control terminal. The specific design can be tailored to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. For example, taking a field-effect transistor as a switch or bridge arm switch, the control electrode serves as the gate, the first electrode as the source, and the second electrode as the drain; or the first electrode as the drain and the second electrode as the source.

[0066] Thus, the SC circuit 12 consists of three switches and one capacitor, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit 10 consist of five switches, one capacitor, and one inductor L. Compared with the prior art DC-DC converter circuit 10, which includes two inductors L and eight switches, this not only reduces the number of inductors L but also the number of switches. Since the capacitor occupies the smallest area, even adding one capacitor will not have a significant impact on the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit 10. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can simultaneously bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost.

[0067] Furthermore, the controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 to connect between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3 to switch between the first state and the second state; the controller 20 controls the SC circuit 12 to connect the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 to be turned on; wherein, the first state includes: the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are turned on and the second switch Q2 is turned off, and the second state includes: the second switch Q2 is turned on and the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are turned off.

[0068] Based on the operating modes of each bridge arm switch, under the condition of satisfying the first condition, in the first state, as shown in Figure 3(a), the first capacitor C1 is connected between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND. The first capacitor C1 can act as a filter at this time, and the inductor L is directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. In the second state, as shown in Figure 3(b), the inductor L and the first capacitor C1 are connected in series between the first terminal P1 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, thus enabling the first capacitor C1 to be connected between the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 during a certain period when the first condition is met. Under the condition of satisfying the second condition, the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are always on, and the second switch Q2 is always off, thus enabling the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 to be directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, as shown in Figure 3(a).

[0069] To explain the working principle of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, we first assume that the first terminal P1 is the power input port and the second terminal P2 is the power output port. Then:

[0070] 1.2.1 Under the condition of satisfying the first condition: Based on the characteristics of inductor L, the current flowing through inductor L cannot change abruptly, and the rate of change of the current is basically constant. Therefore, in the first state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 3(a), we can obtain the following relationship: Vp1-Vp2=L×(di / dt), where L represents the inductance value of inductor L, di / dt represents the rate of change of the current flowing through inductor L, Vp1 represents the voltage of the first terminal P1, and Vp2 represents the voltage of the second terminal P2. In the second state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 3(b), we can obtain the following relationship: Vp1-Vc1-Vp2=L×(di / dt), where Vc1 represents the voltage of the first capacitor C1.

[0071] Since in the first state, the first capacitor C1 is connected between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is equal to the voltage of the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, that is, Vc1 = Vp2 (relationship 3); when the duty cycle of the first switch Q1 is set to D1, di / dt in relation 1 can be transformed into di / D1, and di / dt in relation 2 can be transformed into di / (1-D1); after integrating relation 1, relation 2 and relation 3, we can obtain equation 1: Vp2 = Vp1 × 1 / (2-D1). Since D1 is less than 1, 1 / (2-D1) must be less than 1, and thus Vp2 is less than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is less than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus realizing the voltage reduction. At this time, the inductor L and the first capacitor C1 constitute the voltage reduction circuit.

[0072] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D1 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D1 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 1 is (0.5Vp1, Vp1), thus enabling a limited range of step-down conversion. The minimum ratio of Vp2 to Vp1 is approximately 0.5; in other words, the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is approximately 2. If the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is used as the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, then the step-down ratio in this embodiment is 2:1.

[0073] 1.2.2 Under the condition of satisfying the second condition: Based on the characteristics of inductor L, when the first bridge arm switch Qa, the first switch Q1, and the third switch Q3 are all on, and the second bridge arm switch Qb and the second switch Q2 are all off, we can still obtain the relationship 1 by combining the structure shown in Figure 3(a): Vp1-Vp2=L×(di / dt); when the second bridge arm switch Qb, the first switch Q1, and the third switch Q3 are all on, and the first bridge arm switch Qa and the second switch Q2 are all off, the inductor L is directly connected to the ground terminal GND. Combining the structure shown in Figure 3(c), we can obtain the relationship 4: Vp1=L×( When the duty cycle of the second bridge arm switch Qb is set to D2, di / dt in equation 1 can be transformed into di / (1-D2), and di / dt in equation 4 can be transformed into di / D2. After integrating equations 1 and 4, equation 2 can be obtained: Vp2=Vp1×1 / (1-D2). Since D2 is less than 1, 1 / (1-D2) must be greater than 1, and thus Vp2 is greater than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is greater than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus realizing the boost process. At this time, the inductor L constitutes the boost circuit. Among them, the state shown in Figure 3(a) can be called the third state.

[0074] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D2 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D2 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 2 is (Vp1, +∞), thus enabling an infinite range of boost conversion.

[0075] Similarly, assuming the first terminal P1 is the power output port and the second terminal P2 is the power input port, under the first condition, the switching still occurs between the first state shown in Figure 3(a) and the second state shown in Figure 3(b). Since Vp2 is less than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a boost voltage. This boost voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the buck voltage circuit described in 1.2.1 above. Under the second condition, the switching still occurs between the first state shown in Figure 3(a) and the third state shown in Figure 3(c). Since Vp2 is greater than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a buck voltage. This buck voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the boost voltage circuit described in 1.2.2 above.

[0076] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit. Referring to Figure 4, the charging management circuit in this embodiment is basically similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 2 above, except that the structure of the SC circuit 12 is different. For example, the SC circuit 12 may further include a first extension structure 12a, which is connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the first end of the first switch Q1. The first extension structure 12a includes: a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth switch Q4, and a fifth switch Q5. The control terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the fourth switch Q4 serves as the first end of the first extension structure 12a and is connected to the first end of the bridge arm 11. The first end of the fourth switch Q4 is also connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3. The second end of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the first ends of the second capacitor C2 and the fifth switch Q5, respectively. The control terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the fifth switch Q5 is also connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2. The second end of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3. The second end of the fifth switch Q5 serves as the second end of the first extension structure 12a and is connected to the first end of the first switch Q1. The second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC conversion circuit 10. Thus, the SC circuit 12 consists of five switches and three capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit 10 consist of seven switches, three capacitors, and one inductor L. Compared to the prior art DC-DC converter circuit 10, which includes two inductors L and eight switches, this not only reduces the number of inductors L but also the number of switches. Since capacitors occupy the smallest area, even with the addition of three capacitors, the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit 10 is still relatively small compared to the prior art. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can still simultaneously bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost. It should be understood that, in Figure 4, to avoid making the drawings too complex, the connection lines between the controller 20 and the switches and bridge arm switches in the DC-DC converter circuit 10 are not shown.

[0077] The controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the fifth switch Q5 to switch between a first state and a second state; the controller 20 controls the SC circuit 12 to connect the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the fifth switch Q5 to be turned on; wherein, the first state includes: the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, and the fourth switch Q4 are turned on, and the second switch Q2 and the fifth switch Q5 are turned off, and the second state includes: the second switch Q2 and the fifth switch Q5 are turned on, and the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, and the fourth switch Q4 are turned off.

[0078] Based on the operating modes of each bridge arm switch, under the condition of satisfying the first condition, in the first state, as shown in Figure 5(a), the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the inductor L, and the first capacitor C1 is connected between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND. The first capacitor C1 can play a filtering role at this time. In the second state, as shown in Figure 5(b), the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third capacitor C3 to form a whole A. The whole A is connected between the inductor L and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, thereby realizing that the capacitor can be connected between the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 at any time when the first condition is satisfied. Under the condition of the second condition, the first switch Q1, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5 and the third switch Q3 are always on, and the second switch Q2 is always off, so that the first end of the bridge arm 11 is directly connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, as shown in (c) of Figure 5. The state shown in (c) of Figure 5 can be called the third state.

[0079] To explain the working principle of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, we first assume that the first terminal P1 is the power input port and the second terminal P2 is the power output port. Then:

[0080] Under the condition of satisfying the first condition: based on the characteristics of inductor L, the current flowing through inductor L cannot change abruptly, and the rate of change of the current is basically constant. Therefore, in the first state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 5(a), we can obtain the relationship 1: Vp1-Vc3-Vp2=L×(di / dt), where Vc3 represents the voltage of the third capacitor C3; in the second state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 5(b), we can obtain the relationship 2: Vp1-Vc1-Vc3-Vp2=L×(di / dt).

[0081] In the first state, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel, so the voltage of the second capacitor C2 is equal to the voltage of the third capacitor C3, that is, Vc2 = Vc3, and Vc1 = Vp2; in the second state, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, so the voltage of the second capacitor C2 is equal to the voltage of the first capacitor C1, that is, Vc2 = Vc1, where Vc2 represents the voltage of the second capacitor C2; based on this, it can be determined that Vc3 = Vc2 = Vc1 = Vp2 (relationship 3).

[0082] When the duty cycle of the first switch Q1 is set to D1, di / dt in Equation 1 can be transformed into di / D1, and di / dt in Equation 2 can be transformed into di / (1-D1). After integrating and calculating Equations 1, 2 and 3, we can obtain Equation 1: Vp2=Vp1×1 / (3-D1). Since D1 is less than 1, 1 / (3-D1) must be less than 1, and thus Vp2 is less than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is less than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving voltage reduction. At this time, the inductor L, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 constitute the voltage reduction circuit.

[0083] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D1 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D1 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 1 is (Vp1 / 3, Vp1 / 2), thus enabling a limited range of step-down conversion. The minimum ratio of Vp2 to Vp1 is approximately 1 / 3; in other words, the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is approximately 3. If the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is used as the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, then the step-down ratio in this embodiment is 3:1.

[0084] Under the condition of the second condition: when the first bridge arm switch Qa, the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the fifth switch Q5 are all on, and the second bridge arm switch Qb and the second switch Q2 are both off, as shown in Figure 5(c), the inductor L is directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10; when the second bridge arm switch Qb, the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the fifth switch Q5 are all on, and the first bridge arm switch Qa and the second switch Q2 are both off, as shown in Figure 5(d)... The inductor L is directly connected to the ground terminal GND; this is similar to the results shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(c) in the previous embodiments. Therefore, based on the derivation process in the previous embodiments, we can also obtain Equation 2: Vp2 = Vp1 × 1 / (1-D2). Since D2 is less than 1, 1 / (1-D2) must be greater than 1, and thus Vp2 is greater than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is greater than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving the boost process. At this time, the inductor L constitutes a boost circuit. The state shown in Figure 5(d) can be called the fourth state.

[0085] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D2 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D2 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 2 is (Vp1, +∞), thus enabling an infinite range of boost conversion.

[0086] Similarly, assuming the first terminal P1 is the power output port and the second terminal P2 is the power input port, under the first condition, the switching still occurs between the first state shown in Figure 5(a) and the second state shown in Figure 5(b). Since Vp2 is less than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a boost voltage. This boost voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the buck voltage circuit described above. Under the second condition, the switching still occurs between the third state shown in Figure 5(c) and the fourth state shown in Figure 5(d). Since Vp2 is greater than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a buck voltage. This buck voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the boost voltage circuit described above.

[0087] In summary, if the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, and the first capacitor C1 are considered as the basic structure, the SC circuit 12 in this embodiment adds a first extension structure 12a to the basic structure. The first extension structure 12a is added between the bridge arm 11 and the basic structure, so that when the first condition is met, the step-down ratio increases from 2:1 to 3:1. Thus, the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be adjusted by simply modifying the SC circuit 12. This not only reduces the modification cost but also expands the application range.

[0088] It should be understood that the charging management circuit in this embodiment is similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 2 above. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the previous embodiments. Repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0089] Figure 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit. Referring to Figure 6, the charging management circuit in this embodiment is basically similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 4 above, except that the structure of the SC circuit 12 is different. For example, the SC circuit 12 further includes a second extension structure 12b connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the first end of the fourth switch Q4. The second extension structure 12b includes: a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth switch Q6, and a seventh switch Q7. The control terminal of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the sixth switch Q6 serves as the first end of the second extension structure 12b and is connected to the first end of the bridge arm 11. The first end of the sixth switch Q6 is also connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor C5. The second end of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first end of the seventh switch Q7, respectively. The control terminal of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the controller 20. The first end of the seventh switch Q7 is also connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor C4. The second end of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3. The second end of the seventh switch Q7 serves as the second end of the second extension structure 12b and is connected to the first end of the fourth switch Q4. The second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2. Thus, the SC circuit 12 consists of seven switches and five capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit 10 consist of nine switches, five capacitors, and one inductor L. Compared to the prior art, where the DC-DC converter circuit 10 includes two inductors L and eight switches, this reduces the number of inductors L. However, since the inductor L occupies the largest area, followed by the switch, and the capacitor occupies the smallest area, even with the addition of one switch and five capacitors compared to the prior art, the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can still be reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can still bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost. It should be understood that, in Figure 6, to avoid making the drawings too complex, the connection lines between the controller 20 and the switches and bridge arm switches in the DC-DC converter circuit 10 are not shown.

[0090] The controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6, and the seventh switch Q7 to switch between a first state and a second state; the controller 20 controls the SC circuit 12 connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6, and the seventh switch Q7 to be turned on; wherein, the first state includes: the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the sixth switch Q6 are turned on, and the second switch Q2, the fifth switch Q5, and the seventh switch Q7 are turned off, and the second state includes: the second switch Q2, the fifth switch Q5, and the seventh switch Q7 are turned on, and the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the sixth switch Q6 are turned off.

[0091] Based on the operating modes of each bridge arm switch, under the condition of satisfying the first condition, in the first state, as shown in Figure 7(a), the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are connected in parallel to form a whole B1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a whole B2, and the whole B1 and the whole B2 are connected in series between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the inductor L. The first capacitor C1 is connected between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND. The first capacitor C1 can play a filtering role at this time. In the second state, as shown in Figure 7(b), the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel to form a whole d1, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to form a whole d2, and the fifth capacitor C5, the whole d1, and the whole d2 are connected in series between the inductor L and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. This allows the capacitor to be connected between the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 at any time when the first condition is satisfied. Under the condition that the second condition is met, the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6 and the seventh switch Q7 are always on, and the second switch Q2 is always off, so that the first end of the bridge arm 11 is directly connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, as shown in (c) of Figure 7. The state shown in (c) of Figure 7 can be called the third state.

[0092] Similar to the working principle described in the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5 above, the following conclusions can also be drawn in this embodiment:

[0093] First, assuming the first terminal P1 is the power input port and the second terminal P2 is the power output port, under the condition of the first condition, switching occurs between the first state shown in Figure 7(a) and the second state shown in Figure 7(b). The voltage at the second terminal P2, the power output port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, the power input port, thus achieving a step-down process. In this case, the inductor L, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, and the fifth capacitor C5 constitute the step-down circuit. Furthermore, when the first condition is met, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first terminal P1 to the voltage at the second terminal P2 is approximately 4, resulting in a step-down ratio of 4:1. Under the condition of the second condition, switching occurs between the third state shown in Figure 7(c) and the fourth state shown in Figure 7(d). The voltage at the second terminal P2, the power output port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, the power input port, thus achieving a step-up process. In this case, the inductor L constitutes the step-up circuit. Furthermore, when the second condition is met, an infinite range of step-up conversion can be achieved.

[0094] Assuming the first terminal P1 serves as the power output port and the second terminal P2 serves as the power input port, under the first condition, the circuit switches between the first state shown in Figure 7(a) and the second state shown in Figure 7(b). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which serves as the power input port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which serves as the power output port, thus achieving a boost voltage. This boost voltage can be considered as the reverse process of the buck voltage circuit described above. Under the second condition, the circuit switches between the third state shown in Figure 7(c) and the fourth state shown in Figure 7(d). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which serves as the power input port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which serves as the power output port, thus achieving a buck voltage. This buck voltage can be considered as the reverse process of the boost voltage circuit described above.

[0095] In summary, the SC circuit 12 in this embodiment adds a second extended structure 12b to the structure described in Figure 4. Structurally, the first extended structure 12a and the second extended structure 12b are basically similar. If both the first extended structure 12a and the second extended structure 12b are referred to as extended structures, the SC circuit 12 in this embodiment adds two series-connected extended structures to the basic structure, so that when the first condition is met, the step-down ratio increases to 4:1. Thus, the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be adjusted by simply modifying the SC circuit 12, which not only reduces the modification cost but also expands the application range.

[0096] Of course, in specific implementation, an extension structure can be added between the original second extension structure 12b and the inductor L based on the structure shown in Figure 6. Each time an extension structure is added, the step-down ratio when the first condition is met will increase by one, so that the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be transformed into a variety of structures to adapt to the needs of different scenarios and expand the application range.

[0097] It should be understood that the charging management circuit in this embodiment is similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 4 above. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the previous embodiments. Repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0098] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit. Referring to Figure 8, the charging management circuit in this embodiment is basically similar in structure to the charging management circuits in any of the embodiments described in Figures 2, 4, and 6, except that the structure of the SC circuit 12 is different. Exemplarily, the SC circuit 12 includes: a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, a fifth switch Q5, a sixth switch Q6, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. The control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the controller 20, the first terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1, the first terminal of the first switch Q1 is also connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch Q6, and the second terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the first terminal of the second switch Q2, respectively. The control terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the controller 20, the first terminal of the second switch Q2 is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, and the second terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the first terminal of the third switch Q3, respectively. The control terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the controller 20. The first terminal of the third switch Q3 is also connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. The second terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the first terminal of the fourth switch Q4. The control terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the controller 20. The first terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor C2. The second terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The control terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the controller 20. The first terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. The second terminal of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1. The control terminal of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the controller 20. The first terminal of the sixth switch Q6 is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1. The second terminal of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the ground terminal GND. Thus, the SC circuit 12 consists of six switches and two capacitors, making the entire DC-DC converter circuit 10 consist of eight switches, two capacitors, and one inductor L. Compared to the prior art DC-DC converter circuit 10, which includes two inductors L and eight switches, this reduces the number of inductors L. However, since inductors L occupy the largest area, followed by switches, and then capacitors, the area occupied by two capacitors is still smaller than that of one inductor L. This still reduces the overall area occupied by the DC-DC converter circuit 10 to a certain extent. Therefore, the circuit architecture in this embodiment can simultaneously bring performance improvements such as small area and low cost. It should be understood that, in Figure 8, to avoid making the drawings too complex, the connection lines between the controller 20 and the switches and bridge arm switches in the DC-DC converter circuit 10 are not shown.

[0099] The controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 to switch between a first state and a second state; the controller 20 controls the SC circuit 12 to connect the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 to be turned on; wherein, the first state includes: the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are turned on, and the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are turned off, and the second state includes: the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are turned on, and the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are turned off.

[0100] Based on the operating modes of each bridge arm switch, under the condition of satisfying the first condition, in the first state, as shown in Figure 9(a), the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND. Both capacitors C1 and C2 can act as filters, and the inductor L is directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. In the second state, as shown in Figure 9(b), the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series between the inductor L and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, thus enabling the capacitor to be connected between the first terminal of bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 during a certain period when the first condition is met. Under the condition of satisfying the second condition, the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are always on, while the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are always off, thus enabling the first terminal of bridge arm 11 to be directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, as shown in Figure 9(a).

[0101] To explain the working principle of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, we first assume that the first terminal P1 is the power input port and the second terminal P2 is the power output port. Then:

[0102] Under the condition of satisfying the first condition: based on the characteristics of inductor L, the current flowing through inductor L cannot change abruptly, and the rate of change of the current is basically constant. Therefore, in the first state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 9(a), we can obtain the relationship 1: Vp1-Vp2=L×(di / dt); in the second state, combined with the structure shown in Figure 9(b), we can obtain the relationship 2: Vp1-Vc1-Vc2-Vp2=L×(di / dt).

[0103] Since in the first state, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both connected between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND, the voltage of the first capacitor C1, the voltage of the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the second terminal P2 are all equal, that is, Vc1 = Vc2 = Vp2 (relationship 3). When the duty cycle of the fifth switch Q5 is set to D1, di / dt in Equation 1 can be transformed into di / D1, and di / dt in Equation 2 can be transformed into di / (1-D1). After integrating and calculating Equations 1, 2 and 3, we can obtain Equation 1: Vp2=Vp1×1 / (3-2D1). Since D1 is less than 1, 1 / (3-2D1) must be less than 1, and thus Vp2 is less than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is less than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving voltage reduction. At this time, the inductor L, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 constitute the voltage reduction circuit.

[0104] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D1 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D1 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 1 is (Vp1 / 3, Vp1), thus enabling a limited range of step-down conversion. The minimum ratio of Vp2 to Vp1 is approximately 1 / 3; in other words, the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is approximately 3. If the maximum ratio of Vp1 to Vp2 is used as the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, then the step-down ratio in this embodiment is 3:1.

[0105] Under the condition of the second condition: when the first bridge arm switch Qa, the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are all on, the second bridge arm switch Qb is off, and the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3 are all off, continuing to refer to Figure 9(a), the inductor L is directly connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, and the relationship 1 can be obtained: Vp1-Vp2=L×(di / dt); when the second bridge arm switch Qb, the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6 are all on, and the first bridge arm switch Qa, the first switch Q1, and the third switch Q3 are all off, referring to Figure 9(c), the inductor L is directly connected to the ground terminal G. With ND connected, we can obtain equation 4: Vp1 = L × (di / dt). When the duty cycle of the second bridge arm switch Qb is set to D2, di / dt in equation 1 can be transformed into di / (1-D2), and di / dt in equation 4 can be transformed into di / D2. After integrating equations 1 and 4, we can obtain equation 2: Vp2 = Vp1 × 1 / (1-D2). Since D2 is less than 1, 1 / (1-D2) must be greater than 1, and thus Vp2 is greater than Vp1. That is, the voltage of the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is greater than the voltage of the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving the boost process. At this time, the inductor L constitutes the boost circuit. Among them, the state shown in (c) in Figure 9 can be called the third state.

[0106] Furthermore, since the minimum value of D2 is a decimal close to 0 and the maximum value of D2 is a decimal close to 1, the range of Vp2 in Equation 2 is (Vp1, +∞), thus enabling an infinite range of boost conversion.

[0107] Similarly, assuming the first terminal P1 is the power output port and the second terminal P2 is the power input port, under the first condition, the switching still occurs between the first state shown in Figure 9(a) and the second state shown in Figure 9(b). Since Vp2 is less than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a boost voltage. This boost voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the buck voltage circuit described above. Under the second condition, the switching still occurs between the first state shown in Figure 9(a) and the third state shown in Figure 9(c). Since Vp2 is greater than Vp1, the voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power input port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power output port, thus achieving a buck voltage. This buck voltage can be seen as the reverse process of the boost voltage circuit described above.

[0108] It should be understood that the charging management circuit in this embodiment is similar in structure to the charging management circuit in any of the embodiments described in Figures 2, 4, and 6 above. Please refer to the relevant descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments. Repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0109] Figure 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit. Referring to Figure 10, the charging management circuit in this embodiment is basically similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 8 above, except that the structure of the SC circuit 12 is different. For example, the SC circuit 12 further includes a third extension structure 12c, which is connected between the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the first switch Q1. The third extension structure 12c includes a seventh switch Q7, an eighth switch Q8, a third capacitor C3, and a ninth switch Q9. The control terminal of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the controller 20, and the first terminal of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch Q9 and the first terminal of the third capacitor C3. The second terminal of the seventh switch Q7 is connected to the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC conversion circuit 10. The control terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the controller 20, and the first terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor C3. The first terminal of the eighth switch Q8 serves as the first terminal of the third extension structure 12c and is connected to the first terminal of the first switch Q1. The second terminal of the eighth switch Q8 is connected to the ground terminal GND. The control terminal of the ninth switch Q9 is connected to the controller 20, and the first terminal of the ninth switch Q9 serves as the second terminal of the third extension structure 12c and is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1. The second terminal of the ninth switch Q9 is also connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3. Thus, by modifying the SC circuit 12, the transformer ratio when the first condition is met can be adjusted to suit more scenarios. It should be understood that, in Figure 10, to avoid making the diagram too complex, the connection lines between the controller 20 and each switch and each bridge arm switch in the DC-DC conversion circuit 10 are not shown.

[0110] The controller 20 controls the capacitor in the SC circuit 12 connected between the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. Specifically, this is used to control the switching of the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6, the seventh switch Q7, the eighth switch Q8, and the ninth switch Q9 between a first state and a second state. The controller 20 also controls the SC circuit 12 to connect the first end of the bridge arm 11 and the second end P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, specifically to control the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q6, the fifth switch Q7, the sixth switch Q8, the seventh switch Q9, the eighth switch Q8, and the ninth switch Q9 between a first state and a second state. 4. Switches Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 are turned on; wherein, the first state includes: switches Q2, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 are turned on, and switches Q1, Q3, and Q9 are turned off; the second state includes: switches Q1, Q3, and Q9 are turned on, and switches Q2, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 are turned off.

[0111] Based on the operating modes of each bridge arm switch, under the condition of satisfying the first condition, in the first state, as shown in Figure 11(a), the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel between the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 and the ground terminal GND. At this time, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 can play a filtering role. In the second state, as shown in Figure 11(b), the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 are connected in series between the inductor L and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10, thereby realizing that during a certain period of time when the first condition is satisfied, the capacitor is connected between the first terminal of the bridge arm 11 and the second terminal P2 of the DC-DC converter circuit 10. Under the condition that the second condition is met, the second switch Q2, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6, the seventh switch Q7 and the eighth switch Q8 are always on, while the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3 and the ninth switch Q9 are always off, thereby realizing that the first end of the bridge arm 11 is directly connected to the second end P2 of the DC-DC conversion circuit 10, as shown in Figure 11(a).

[0112] Similar to the working principle described in the embodiments of Figures 8 and 9 above, the following conclusions can also be drawn in this embodiment:

[0113] First, assuming the first terminal P1 is the power input port and the second terminal P2 is the power output port, under the condition of the first condition, switching occurs between the first state shown in Figure 11(a) and the second state shown in Figure 11(b). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving a step-down process. In this case, the inductor L, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 constitute a step-down circuit. Furthermore, when the first condition is met, the maximum ratio of the voltage at the first terminal P1 to the voltage at the second terminal P2 is approximately 4, and the step-down ratio can be 4:1. Under the condition of the second condition, switching occurs between the first state shown in Figure 11(a) and the third state shown in Figure 11(c). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which is the power output port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which is the power input port, thus achieving a step-up process. In this case, the inductor L constitutes a step-up circuit. Furthermore, when the second condition is met, an infinite range of step-up conversion can be achieved.

[0114] Assuming the first terminal P1 serves as the power output port and the second terminal P2 serves as the power input port, under the first condition, the circuit switches between the first state shown in Figure 11(a) and the second state shown in Figure 11(b). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which serves as the power input port, is less than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which serves as the power output port, thus achieving a boost voltage. This boost voltage can be considered as the reverse process of the buck voltage circuit described above. Under the second condition, the circuit switches between the first state shown in Figure 11(a) and the third state shown in Figure 11(c). The voltage at the second terminal P2, which serves as the power input port, is greater than the voltage at the first terminal P1, which serves as the power output port, thus achieving a buck voltage. This buck voltage can be considered as the reverse process of the boost voltage circuit described above.

[0115] In summary, if we consider the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5, the sixth switch Q6, the first capacitor C1, and the second capacitor C2 as the basic structure, the SC circuit 12 in this embodiment adds an extended structure (i.e., the third extended structure 12c) to the structure described in Figure 8. The third extended structure 12c is added between the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the first switch Q1, so that when the first condition is met, the step-down ratio increases from 3:1 to 4:1. Thus, the step-down ratio of the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be adjusted by simply modifying the SC circuit 12. This not only reduces the modification cost but also expands the application range.

[0116] Of course, in specific implementation, an extension structure can be added between the original third extension structure 12c and the second end of the first capacitor C1, based on the structure shown in Figure 10. Each time an extension structure is added, the voltage reduction ratio when the first condition is met will increase by one, so that the DC-DC converter circuit 10 can be transformed into a variety of structures to adapt to the needs of different scenarios and expand the application range.

[0117] It should be understood that the charging management circuit in this embodiment is similar in structure to the charging management circuit in the embodiment described in Figure 8 above. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the previous embodiments. Repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0118] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A charging management circuit, characterized in that, The device includes a DC-DC converter circuit (10) and a controller (20). The DC-DC converter circuit (10) includes an inductor (L), a bridge arm (11), and a switched capacitor SC circuit (12). The first end of the inductor (L) is connected to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second end of the inductor (L) is connected to the midpoint (x0) of the bridge arm (11). The first end of the bridge arm (11) is connected to the SC circuit (12), and the second end of the bridge arm (11) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The SC circuit (12) is also connected to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). The bridge arm (11) and the SC circuit (12) are also connected to the controller (20). If the first condition is met, the controller (20) is used to control the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and to control the midpoint (x0) to be connected to the SC circuit (12); the first condition includes: the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to an adapter, the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to a battery (30), and the voltage input to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is greater than the charging voltage of the battery (30); or, the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to a power receiving device, and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the battery (30).

2. The charging management circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the second condition is met, the controller (20) is also used to control the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and to control the bridge arm (11) to intermittently connect the inductor (L) to the SC circuit (12); the second condition includes: the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the adapter, the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the battery (30), and the voltage input to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is less than or equal to the charging voltage of the battery (30).

3. The charging management circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bridge arm (11) includes a first bridge arm switch (Qa) and a second bridge arm switch (Qb). The control terminal of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the controller (20). The first end of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the SC circuit (12). The second end of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the first end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) and the second end of the inductor (L). The control terminal of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is connected to the controller (20). The first end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is also connected to the second end of the inductor (L). The second end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

4. The charging management circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the connection between the midpoint (x0) and the SC circuit (12), specifically for controlling the first bridge arm switch (Qa) to be turned on; The controller (20) controls the bridge arm (11) to intermittently connect the inductor (L) and the SC circuit (12), specifically to control the first bridge arm switch (Qa) and the second bridge arm switch (Qb) to be turned on alternately.

5. The charging management circuit as described in any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The SC circuit (12) includes: a first switch (Q1), a second switch (Q2), a third switch (Q3), and a first capacitor (C1); The control terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the controller (20), the first end of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the first end of the bridge arm (11), the first end of the first switch (Q1) is also connected to the first end of the first capacitor (C1), and the second end of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) and the first end of the second switch (Q2) respectively. The control terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the second switch (Q2) is also connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1) and the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) respectively. The control terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1), and the second terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

6. The charging management circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), and the third switch (Q3) to switch between a first state and a second state. The first state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned on and the second switch (Q2) is turned off. The second state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2) is turned on and the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned off. The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), specifically to control the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) to be turned on.

7. The charging management circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The SC circuit (12) further includes a first extension structure (12a), which is connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the first end of the first switch (Q1). The first extension structure (12a) includes a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth switch (Q4), and a fifth switch (Q5). The control terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the first terminal of the first extension structure (12a) and the first terminal of the bridge arm (11). The first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is also connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3). The second terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) respectively. The control terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2). The second terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor (C3). The second terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) serves as the second terminal of the first extension structure (12a) and is connected to the first terminal of the first switch (Q1). The second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10).

8. The charging management circuit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), and the fifth switch (Q5) to switch between a first state and a second state. The first state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the fourth switch (Q4) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2) and the fifth switch (Q5) are turned off. The second state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2) and the fifth switch (Q5) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the fourth switch (Q4) are turned off. The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), and the fifth switch (Q5) to be turned on.

9. The charging management circuit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The SC circuit (12) further includes a second extension structure (12b), which is connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the first end of the fourth switch (Q4). The second extension structure (12b) includes: a fourth capacitor (C4), a fifth capacitor (C5), a sixth switch (Q6), and a seventh switch (Q7). The control terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm (11) as the first terminal of the second extension structure (12b). The first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is also connected to the first terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5). The second terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4) and the first terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) respectively. The control terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is also connected to the first terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4). The second terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3). The second terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) serves as the second terminal of the second extended structure (12b) and is connected to the first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4). The second terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4) is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2).

10. The charging management circuit as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6), and the seventh switch (Q7) to switch between a first state and a second state. The first state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2), the fifth switch (Q5), and the seventh switch (Q7) are turned off. The second state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2), the fifth switch (Q5), and the seventh switch (Q7) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned off. The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6) and the seventh switch (Q7) to be turned on.

11. The charging management circuit according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The SC circuit (12) includes: a first switch (Q1), a second switch (Q2), a third switch (Q3), a fourth switch (Q4), a fifth switch (Q5), a sixth switch (Q6), a first capacitor (C1), and a second capacitor (C2); The control terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1), the first terminal of the first switch (Q1) is also connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6), and the second terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the second switch (Q2) respectively. The control terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the second switch (Q2) is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2), and the second terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) and the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) respectively. The control terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) is also connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC conversion circuit (10), and the second terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) respectively. The control terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2), and the second terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The control terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm (11) and the first terminal of the first capacitor (C1) respectively. The control terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1), and the second terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

12. The charging management circuit as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), and the sixth switch (Q6) to switch between a first state and a second state. The first state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned off. The second state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned off. The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5) and the sixth switch (Q6) to be turned on.

13. The charging management circuit as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The SC circuit (12) further includes a third extension structure (12c), which is connected between the second end of the first capacitor (C1) and the first end of the first switch (Q1). The third extension structure (12c) includes a seventh switch (Q7), an eighth switch (Q8), a ninth switch (Q9), and a third capacitor (C3). The control terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switch (Q9) and the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3), and the second terminal of the seventh switch (Q7) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). The control terminal of the eighth switch (Q8) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the eighth switch (Q8) is connected to the second terminal of the third capacitor (C3), the first terminal of the eighth switch (Q8) serves as the first terminal of the third extension structure (12c) and is connected to the first terminal of the first switch (Q1), and the second terminal of the eighth switch (Q8) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The control terminal of the ninth switch (Q9) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the ninth switch (Q9) is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1) as the second terminal of the third extension structure (12c). The second terminal of the ninth switch (Q9) is also connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3).

14. The charging management circuit as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6), the seventh switch (Q7), the eighth switch (Q8), and the ninth switch (Q9) to switch between a first state and a second state; wherein, the first state includes: the second switch (Q2), the... The first state includes a state in which the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6), the seventh switch (Q7), and the eighth switch (Q8) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the ninth switch (Q9) are turned off; the second state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the ninth switch (Q9) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6), the seventh switch (Q7), and the eighth switch (Q8) are turned off. The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). Specifically, it controls the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), the sixth switch (Q6), the seventh switch (Q7), and the eighth switch (Q8) to be turned on.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The charging management circuit and the battery (30) as described in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the charging management circuit is connected to the battery (30).

16. A charging system, characterized in that, include: A charging device and at least one electronic device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the charging device is used to charge the electronic device.

17. A charging method, characterized in that, The charging method is implemented using a charging management circuit, which includes a DC-DC converter circuit (10) and a controller (20). The DC-DC converter circuit (10) includes an inductor (L), a bridge arm (11), and a switched capacitor SC circuit (12). The first end of the inductor (L) is connected to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second end of the inductor (L) is connected to the midpoint (x0) of the bridge arm (11). The first end of the bridge arm (11) is connected to the SC circuit (12), and the second end of the bridge arm (11) is connected to the ground terminal (GND). The SC circuit (12) is also connected to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). The bridge arm (11) and the SC circuit (12) are also connected to the controller (20). The charging method includes: If the first condition is met, the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) is connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the midpoint (x0) is connected to the SC circuit (12). The first condition includes: the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to an adapter, the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to a battery (30), and the voltage input to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is greater than the charging voltage of the battery (30); or, the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to a power receiving device, and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the battery (30).

18. The charging method as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The charging method further includes: if a second condition is met, controlling the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and controlling the bridge arm (11) to intermittently connect the inductor (L) to the SC circuit (12); the second condition includes: the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the adapter, the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is connected to the battery (30), and the voltage input to the first end (P1) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) is less than or equal to the charging voltage of the battery (30).

19. The charging method as described in claim 18, characterized in that, Controlling the bridge arm (11) to intermittently connect the inductor (L) and the SC circuit (12) includes: controlling the first bridge arm switch (Qa) and the second bridge arm switch (Qb) to be turned on alternately; Controlling the connection between the midpoint (x0) and the SC circuit (12) includes: controlling the first bridge arm switch (Qa) to be turned on; The bridge arm (11) includes a first bridge arm switch (Qa) and a second bridge arm switch (Qb). The control terminal of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the controller (20). The first end of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the SC circuit (12). The second end of the first bridge arm switch (Qa) is connected to the first end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) and the second end of the inductor (L). The control terminal of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is connected to the controller (20). The first end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is also connected to the second end of the inductor (L). The second end of the second bridge arm switch (Qb) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

20. The charging method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), including: controlling the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) to be turned on; Controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) includes: controlling the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2) and the third switch (Q3) to switch between the first state and the second state; The first state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned on and the second switch (Q2) is turned off; the second state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2) is turned on and the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned off. The SC circuit (12) includes: a first switch (Q1), a second switch (Q2), a third switch (Q3), and a first capacitor (C1); the control terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the controller (20), the first end of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the first end of the bridge arm (11), the first end of the first switch (Q1) is also connected to the first end of the first capacitor (C1), and the second end of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) and the first end of the second switch (Q2), respectively. The control terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the controller (20), and the first terminal of the second switch (Q2) is also connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10). The second terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1) and the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) respectively. The control terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the controller (20), and the first terminal of the third switch (Q3) is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1). The second terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

21. The charging method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), including: controlling the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4) and the fifth switch (Q5) to be turned on; Controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) includes: controlling the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4) and the fifth switch (Q5) to switch between the first state and the second state; The first state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the fourth switch (Q4) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2) and the fifth switch (Q5) are turned off; the second state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2) and the fifth switch (Q5) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1), the third switch (Q3), and the fourth switch (Q4) are turned off. The SC circuit (12) further includes a first extension structure (12a), which is connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the first end of the first switch (Q1). The first extension structure (12a) includes a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth switch (Q4), and a fifth switch (Q5). The control terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the controller (20), and the first end of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the first end of the bridge arm (11) as the first end of the first extension structure (12a). The first end of the fourth switch (Q4) is also connected to the first end of the third capacitor (C3). The second end of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the first end of the second capacitor (C2) and the first end of the fifth switch (Q5); the control end of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the controller (20); the first end of the fifth switch (Q5) is also connected to the first end of the second capacitor (C2); the second end of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the second end of the third capacitor (C3); the second end of the fifth switch (Q5) serves as the second end of the first extended structure (12a) and is connected to the first end of the first switch (Q1); the second end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10).

22. The charging method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, The controller (20) controls the SC circuit (12) to connect the first end of the bridge arm (11) with the second end (P2) of the DC-DC conversion circuit (10), including: controlling the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5) and the sixth switch (Q6) to be turned on; Controlling the capacitor in the SC circuit (12) to be connected between the first end of the bridge arm (11) and the second end (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) includes: controlling the first switch (Q1), the second switch (Q2), the third switch (Q3), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5) and the sixth switch (Q6) to switch between the first state and the second state; The first state includes a state in which the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned on, and the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned off; the second state includes a state in which the first switch (Q1) and the third switch (Q3) are turned on, and the second switch (Q2), the fourth switch (Q4), the fifth switch (Q5), and the sixth switch (Q6) are turned off. The SC circuit (12) includes: a first switch (Q1), a second switch (Q2), a third switch (Q3), a fourth switch (Q4), a fifth switch (Q5), a sixth switch (Q6), a first capacitor (C1), and a second capacitor (C2); the control terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1), the first terminal of the first switch (Q1) is also connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6), and the second terminal of the first switch (Q1) is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the second switch (Q2); the control terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the second switch (Q2) is also connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2), and the second terminal of the second switch (Q2) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10) and the first terminal of the third switch (Q3); the control terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the controller (20). The first terminal of the third switch (Q3) is also connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second terminal of the third switch (Q3) is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4); the control terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the controller (20), and the first terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is also connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2), and the second terminal of the fourth switch (Q4) is connected to the ground terminal (GND); the fifth switch (Q5) The control terminal is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the second terminal (P2) of the DC-DC converter circuit (10), and the second terminal of the fifth switch (Q5) is connected to the first terminal of the bridge arm (11) and the first terminal of the first capacitor (C1) respectively; the control terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the controller (20), the first terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1), and the second terminal of the sixth switch (Q6) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

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