Camera module comprising magnet

Abstract

This camera module comprises a magnet, wherein, in order for the geometric center of the magnet to be located outside a neutral zone of the magnet, a first pole portion of the magnet facing a coil can have a first height in a first direction substantially parallel to an optical axis, a second pole portion of the magnet facing the coil can have a second height different from the first height in the first direction and the sum of the first height and the second height can be smaller than the height of the coil in the first direction.

Description

Camera module including a magnet

[0001] The disclosure generally relates to a camera module, for example, to a camera module including a magnet.

[0002] Technology is being developed to adjust lens focus or implement image stabilization by moving a lens or image sensor in a specific direction.

[0003] The aforementioned related art is possessed or acquired during the process of deriving the present disclosure and cannot be considered prior art disclosed to the general public prior to the filing of the present disclosure.

[0004] A camera module may include a lens assembly. The camera module may include an image sensor. The camera module may include a camera housing. The camera housing may include a side wall in which an opening is formed. The camera module may include a carrier accommodated in the camera housing. The carrier may include a carrier side surface facing the side wall. The carrier may be configured to carry the lens assembly in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis. The camera module may include a coil disposed in the opening. The camera module may include a magnet disposed on the carrier side surface. A first pole portion of the magnet facing the coil may have a first height in the first direction. A second pole portion of the magnet facing the coil may have a second height in the first direction that is different from the first height. The sum of the first height and the second height may be less than the height of the coil in the first direction. The geometric center of the above magnet may be located outside the neutral zone of the above magnet.

[0005] A camera module may include a lens. The camera module may include a lens housing configured to accommodate the lens. The camera module may include an image sensor. The camera module may include a camera housing. The camera housing may include a side wall. The camera module may include a coil wound along the perimeter of the lens housing. The camera module may include a magnet disposed on the side wall. A first pole portion of the magnet facing the coil may have a first height in the first direction. A second pole portion of the magnet facing the coil may have a second height in the first direction that is different from the first height. The sum of the first height and the second height may be less than the height of the coil in the first direction. The geometric center of the magnet may be located outside the neutral zone of the magnet.

[0006] The electronic device may include the camera module.

[0007] The above-described and other aspects, features, and advantages of specific embodiments of the disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0008] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to one embodiment.

[0009] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0010] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a unidirectional electronic device according to one embodiment.

[0011] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an electronic device in a different direction according to one embodiment.

[0012] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0013] FIG. 6 is a plan view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0014] FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0015] FIG. 8 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0016] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view along line 9-9 of the camera module of FIG. 6 according to one embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 10 is a graph showing the driving force according to the stroke of an auto focus (AF) actuator according to one embodiment.

[0018] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0019] FIG. 12 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0020] FIG. 13 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0021] FIG. 14 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0022] FIG. 15 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0023] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0024] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a part of the structure of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0025] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0026] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to one embodiment.

[0028] Referring to FIG. 1, in a network environment (100), an electronic device (101) may communicate with an electronic device (102) through a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network) or with at least one of an electronic device (104) or a server (108) through a second network (199) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may communicate with the electronic device (104) through a server (108). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include a processor (120), memory (130), input module (150), sound output module (155), display module (160), audio module (170), sensor module (176), interface (177), connection terminal (178), haptic module (179), camera module (180), power management module (188), battery (189), communication module (190), subscriber identification module (196), or antenna module (197). In some embodiments, at least one of these components (e.g., connection terminal (178)) may be omitted from the electronic device (101), or one or more other components may be added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (176), camera module (180), or antenna module (197)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (160)).

[0029] The processor (120) can control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (101) connected to the processor (120) by executing software (e.g., a program (140)), and can perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or operations, the processor (120) can store commands or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module (176) or a communication module (190)) in volatile memory (132), process the commands or data stored in volatile memory (132), and store the resulting data in non-volatile memory (134). According to one embodiment, the processor (120) may include a main processor (121) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or an auxiliary processor (123) that can operate independently or together with it (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor). For example, if the electronic device (101) includes a main processor (121) and an auxiliary processor (123), the auxiliary processor (123) may be configured to use lower power than the main processor (121) or to be specialized for a designated function. The auxiliary processor (123) may be implemented separately from the main processor (121) or as part thereof.

[0030] The auxiliary processor (123) may control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device (101) (e.g., display module (160), sensor module (176), or communication module (190)) on behalf of the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (121) while the main processor (121) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., image signal processor or communication processor) may be implemented as part of another functionally related component (e.g., camera module (180) or communication module (190)). According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (123) (e.g., neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing an artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model may be generated through machine learning. Such learning may be performed, for example, on the electronic device (101) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or through a separate server (e.g., server (108)). The learning algorithm may include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers.An artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to the hardware structure, the artificial intelligence model may include a software structure, either additionally or substantially.

[0031] The memory (130) can store various data used by at least one component of the electronic device (101) (e.g., processor (120) or sensor module (176)). The data may include, for example, software (e.g., program (140)) and input or output data for related commands. The memory (130) may include volatile memory (132) or non-volatile memory (134).

[0032] The program (140) may be stored as software in memory (130) and may include, for example, an operating system (142), middleware (144), or an application (146).

[0033] The input module (150) can receive commands or data to be used for a component of the electronic device (101) (e.g., processor (120)) from outside the electronic device (101) (e.g., user). The input module (150) may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0034] The sound output module (155) can output a sound signal to the outside of the electronic device (101). The sound output module (155) may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver may be used to receive incoming calls. According to one embodiment, the receiver may be implemented separately from the speaker or as part thereof.

[0035] The display module (160) can visually provide information to an external (e.g., user) of the electronic device (101). The display module (160) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling said device. According to one embodiment, the display module (160) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of the force generated by said touch.

[0036] The audio module (170) can convert sound into an electrical signal or, conversely, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (170) can acquire sound through the input module (150) or output sound through the sound output module (155) or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)) (e.g., speaker or headphones) connected directly or wirelessly to the electronic device (101).

[0037] The sensor module (176) can detect the operating state of the electronic device (101) (e.g., power or temperature) or the external environmental state (e.g., user state) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (176) may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0038] The interface (177) may support one or more specified protocols that can be used for the electronic device (101) to be connected directly or wirelessly to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)). According to one embodiment, the interface (177) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0039] The connection terminal (178) may include a connector through which the electronic device (101) can be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (178) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0040] The haptic module (179) can convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., vibration or movement) or an electrical stimulus that the user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic senses. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (179) may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulation device.

[0041] The camera module (180) can capture still images and video. According to one embodiment, the camera module (180) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0042] The power management module (188) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the power management module (188) can be implemented, for example, as at least part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0043] The battery (189) can supply power to at least one component of the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, the battery (189) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0044] The communication module (190) can support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between an electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (102), electronic device (104), or server (108)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (190) may include one or more communication processors that operate independently of the processor (120) (e.g., application processor) and support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (190) may include a wireless communication module (192) (e.g., cellular communication module, short-range wireless communication module, or GNSS (global navigation satellite system) communication module) or a wired communication module (194) (e.g., LAN (local area network) communication module, or power line communication module). The corresponding communication module among these communication modules can communicate with an external electronic device (104) through a first network (198) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, WiFi (wireless fidelity) direct, or IrDA (infrared data association)) or a second network (199) (e.g., a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (192) can identify or authenticate the electronic device (101) within a communication network such as the first network (198) or the second network (199) using subscriber information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identifier (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (196).

[0045] The wireless communication module (192) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following 4G networks, for example, new radio access technology. NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (massive machine type communications (mMTC)), or high reliability and low latency (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC)). The wireless communication module (192) can support a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate, for example. The wireless communication module (192) can support various technologies for securing performance in the high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large-scale antenna. The wireless communication module (192) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (101), external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (104)), or network system (e.g., second network (199)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (192) can support a Peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for realizing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for realizing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) each 0.5 ms or less, or round trip 1 ms or less) for realizing URLLC.

[0046] An antenna module (197) can transmit a signal or power to or from an external source (e.g., an external electronic device). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include an antenna comprising a radiator made of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as a first network (198) or a second network (199), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by a communication module (190). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (190) and an external electronic device through the selected at least one antenna. According to some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, other components (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module (197).

[0047] According to one embodiment, the antenna module (197) may form a mmWave antenna module. According to one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent to a first surface (e.g., bottom surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a specified high frequency band (e.g., mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on or adjacent to a second surface (e.g., top surface or side surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving a signal of the specified high frequency band.

[0048] At least some of the above components can be connected to each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)) and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other.

[0049] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (101) and an external electronic device (104) through a server (108) connected to a second network (199). Each of the external electronic devices (102, or 104) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (101). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations performed on the electronic device (101) may be performed on one or more of the external electronic devices (102, 104, or 108). For example, if the electronic device (101) needs to perform a function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (101) may request one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or service instead of performing the function or service itself or additionally. One or more external electronic devices that receive the above request may execute at least part of the requested function or service, or additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (101). The electronic device (101) may provide the result as is or additionally processed as at least part of the response to the request. For this purpose, for example, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used. The electronic device (101) may provide ultra-low latency services using, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In one embodiment, the external electronic device (104) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (108) may be an intelligent server using machine learning and / or neural networks. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (104) or the server (108) may be included within a second network (199).The electronic device (101) can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0050] The electronic device according to the embodiments disclosed in this document may be of various forms. The electronic device may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a consumer electronics device. The electronic device according to the embodiments of this document is not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0051] The embodiments of this document and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutions of said embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of said items unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, each of phrases such as "A or B," "at least one of A and B," "at least one of A or B," "A, B or C," "at least one of A, B and C," and "at least one of A, B, or C" may include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” or “first” or “second” may be used simply to distinguish a component from another component and do not limit the components in any other aspect (e.g., importance or order). Where any (e.g., first) component is referred to as “coupled” or “connected” to another (e.g., second) component, with or without the terms “functionally” or “communicationally,” it means that said component may be connected to said other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0052] The term "module" as used in the embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit, for example. A module may be a component formed integrally, or a minimum unit of said component or a part thereof that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0053] Embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., program (140)) comprising one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory (136) or external memory (138)) readable by a machine (e.g., electronic device (101)). For example, a processor (e.g., processor (120)) of the machine (e.g., electronic device (101)) may call at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code that can be executed by an interpreter. The storage medium readable by the machine may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-temporary' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the method according to the embodiments disclosed herein may be provided by being included in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between a seller and a buyer as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or distributed online (e.g., download or upload) through an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily created on a device-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0055] According to embodiments, each component (e.g., module or program) of the components described above may include a singular or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to embodiments, one or more of the components or operations among the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Generally or additionally, multiple components (e.g., module or program) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as those performed by the corresponding component among the multiple components prior to integration. According to embodiments, operations performed by the module, program, or other components may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0056] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 2, the camera module (180) may include a lens assembly (210), a flash (220), an image sensor (230), an image stabilizer (240), a memory (250) (e.g., a buffer memory), or an image signal processor (260). The lens assembly (210) may collect light emitted from a subject that is the target of image capture. The lens assembly (210) may include one or more lenses. According to one embodiment, the camera module (180) may include a plurality of lens assemblies (210). In this case, the camera module (180) may form, for example, a dual camera, a 360-degree camera, or a spherical camera. Some of the plurality of lens assemblies (210) may have the same lens properties (e.g., angle of view, focal length, autofocus, f-number, or optical zoom), or at least one lens assembly may have one or more lens properties different from the lens properties of other lens assemblies. The lens assemblies (210) may include, for example, a wide-angle lens or a telephoto lens.

[0058] A flash (220) may emit light used to enhance light emitted or reflected from a subject. According to one embodiment, the flash (220) may include one or more light-emitting diodes (e.g., RGB (red-green-blue) LED, white LED, infrared LED, or ultraviolet LED), or a xenon lamp. An image sensor (230) may acquire an image corresponding to the subject by converting light emitted or reflected from the subject and transmitted through a lens assembly (210) into an electrical signal. According to one embodiment, the image sensor (230) may include, for example, one image sensor selected from image sensors with different properties such as an RGB sensor, a BW (black and white) sensor, an IR sensor, or a UV sensor, a plurality of image sensors having the same properties, or a plurality of image sensors having different properties. Each image sensor included in the image sensor (230) can be implemented using, for example, a CCD (charged coupled device) sensor or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor.

[0059] The image stabilizer (240) may move at least one lens or image sensor (230) included in the lens assembly (210) in a specific direction or control the operational characteristics of the image sensor (230) (e.g., adjusting read-out timing) in response to the movement of the camera module (180) or the electronic device (101) containing it. This allows for compensating for at least some of the negative effects caused by the movement on the image being captured. According to one embodiment, the image stabilizer (240) may detect such movement of the camera module (180) or the electronic device (101) using a gyroscope sensor (not shown) or an accelerometer sensor (not shown) placed inside or outside the camera module (180). According to one embodiment, the image stabilizer (240) may be implemented, for example, as an optical image stabilizer. The memory (250) may temporarily store at least a portion of the image acquired through the image sensor (230) for the next image processing operation. For example, if image acquisition by the shutter is delayed or multiple images are acquired at high speed, the acquired original image (e.g., a Bayer-patterned image or a high-resolution image) is stored in the memory (250), and the corresponding copy image (e.g., a low-resolution image) can be previewed through the display module (160). Subsequently, when a specified condition is satisfied (e.g., user input or system command), at least a portion of the original image stored in the memory (250) may be acquired and processed by, for example, an image signal processor (260). According to one embodiment, the memory (250) may be configured as at least a portion of the memory (130) or as a separate memory that operates independently thereof.

[0060] The image signal processor (260) can perform one or more image processing operations on an image obtained through the image sensor (230) or an image stored in memory (250). The above one or more image processing methods may include, for example, depth map generation, 3D modeling, panorama generation, feature point extraction, image synthesis, or image compensation (e.g., noise reduction, resolution adjustment, brightness adjustment, blurring, sharpening, or softing). Additionally or generally, the image signal processor (260) may perform control (e.g., exposure time control, or readout timing control, etc.) over at least one of the components included in the camera module (180) (e.g., image sensor (230)). The image processed by the image signal processor (260) may be stored back in memory (250) for further processing or provided to an external component of the camera module (180) (e.g., memory (130), display module (160), electronic device (102), electronic device (104), or server (108)). According to one embodiment, the image signal processor (260) is at least part of the processor (120). It may be configured as a separate processor that operates independently of the processor (120). If the image signal processor (260) is configured as a separate processor from the processor (120), at least one image processed by the image signal processor (260) may be displayed through the display module (160) as is or after additional image processing by the processor (120).

[0061] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include a plurality of camera modules (180) each having different attributes or functions. In this case, for example, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (180) may be a wide-angle camera and at least another may be a telephoto camera. Similarly, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (180) may be a front camera and at least another may be a rear camera.

[0062] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electronic device in one direction according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an electronic device in another direction according to one embodiment.

[0063] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, an electronic device (301) (e.g., the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1 and / or the electronic device (101) of FIG. 2) may comprise a housing (310) having a first surface (310A) (e.g., front), a second surface (310B) (e.g., rear), and a third surface (310C) (e.g., side) surrounding the space between the first surface (310A) and the second surface (310B). The first surface (310A) may be formed by a first plate (311A) which is at least partially transparent. For example, the first plate (311A) may comprise a glass plate or a polymer plate comprising at least one coating layer. The second surface (310B) may be formed by a second plate (311B) which is substantially opaque. For example, the second plate (311B) may be formed by coated or colored glass, ceramic, polymer, metal (e.g., aluminum, stainless steel (STS), or magnesium), or a combination thereof. The third surface (310C) may be formed by a frame (311C) comprising metal and / or polymer that is combined with the first plate (311A) and the second plate (311B). The second plate (311B) and the frame (311C) may be formed monolithically. The second plate (311B) and the frame (311C) may be formed of substantially the same material (e.g., aluminum).

[0064] The electronic device (301) may include an input module (350) (e.g., the input module (150) of FIG. 1). The input module (350) may be placed on a third surface (310C). The input module (350) may include at least one key input device. For example, the key input device may include one or more mechanical actuators (e.g., buttons), one or more capacitors, and / or one or more inductors.

[0065] The electronic device (301) may include an acoustic output module (355) (e.g., the acoustic output module (155) of FIG. 1). The acoustic output module (355) may be placed on a third surface (310C). The acoustic output module (355) may include one or more holes.

[0066] The electronic device (301) may include a display module (361) (e.g., the display module (160) of FIG. 1). The display module (361) may be placed on a first surface (310A). The display module (361) may be visible through at least a portion of the first plate (311A). The display module (361) may have a shape substantially identical to the shape of the outer edge of the first plate (311A). The edge of the display module (361) may substantially match the outer edge of the first plate (311A). The display module (361) may include a touch detection circuit, a pressure sensor capable of measuring the intensity (pressure) of the touch, and / or a digitizer for detecting a magnetic field-type stylus pen. The display module (361) may include a screen display area (361A) that is visually exposed and displays content through pixels. The screen display area (361A) may include a sensing area (361A-1). The sensing area (361A-1) may overlap with at least a portion of the screen display area (361A). The sensing area (361A-1) may allow the transmission of an input signal associated with a sensor module (376) (e.g., sensor module (176) of FIG. 1). The sensing area (361A-1) may display content, just like the screen display area (361A) that does not overlap with the sensing area (361A-1). For example, the sensing area (361A-1) may display content while the sensor module (376) is not operating. At least a portion of the camera area (361A-2) may overlap with the screen display area (361A). The screen display area (361A) may include the camera area (361A-2). The camera area (361A-2) may allow the transmission of an optical signal associated with the first camera module (380A) (e.g., the camera module (180) of FIG. 1 and / or the camera module (180) of FIG. 2). The camera area (361A-2) may also be referred to as a "display hole".The camera area (361A-2) may substantially have a circular or elliptical shape. In one embodiment not illustrated, the display module (361) may include at least one or a combination of an audio module (370), a sensor module (376), a first camera module (380A), or a light-emitting element (not illustrated) on the back surface (e.g., the +Z direction surface) of the screen display area (361A). For example, the electronic device (301) may have a camera module (e.g., the first camera module (380A)) positioned on the back surface of at least one of the first surface (310A) (e.g., the front surface) or the third surface (310C) (e.g., the side surface) so as to face the first surface (310A) and / or the third surface (310C). For example, the first camera module (380A) may not be visually exposed to the screen display area (361A) and may include an under display camera (UDC) which may also be referred to as an "under panel camera."

[0067] The electronic device (301) may include an audio module (370) (e.g., the audio module (170) of FIG. 1). The audio module (370) may be placed on a third side (310C). The audio module (370) may acquire sound through at least one hole.

[0068] The electronic device (301) may include a sensor module (376). The sensor module (376) may be placed on a first surface (310A). The sensor module (376) may form a sensing area (361A-1) in at least a portion of the screen display area (361A). The sensor module (376) may receive an input signal passing through the sensing area (361A-1) and generate an electrical signal based on the received input signal. For example, the input signal may have a specified physical quantity (e.g., heat, light, temperature, sound, pressure, ultrasound). The input signal may include a signal related to the user's biometric information (e.g., fingerprint).

[0069] The electronic device (301) may include a connection terminal (378) (e.g., the connection terminal (178) of FIG. 1). The connection terminal (378) may be positioned on a third surface (310C). For example, when viewing the electronic device (301) in one direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), the connection terminal (378) may be located in the substantially central part of the third surface (310C), and the sound output module (355) may be positioned on one side (e.g., the right side) relative to the connection terminal (378).

[0070] The electronic device (301) may include a first camera module (380A) (e.g., the camera module (180) of FIG. 1 and / or the camera module (180) of FIG. 2). The first camera module (380A) may be placed on a first surface (310A). At least a portion of the first camera module (380A) may be placed below the display module (361). The first camera module (380A) may receive an optical signal passing through a camera area (361A-2).

[0071] The electronic device (301) may include a plurality of second camera modules (380B) (e.g., the camera module (180) of FIG. 1 and / or the camera module (180) of FIG. 2). A plurality of second camera modules (380B) may be placed on a second surface (310B). A plurality of second camera modules (380B) may be arranged in a first row in one direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) of the second plate (311B). A plurality of second camera modules (380B) may have different fields of view. For example, a plurality of second camera modules (380B) may include an ultra-wide-angle camera, a wide-angle camera, and / or a telephoto camera.

[0072] The electronic device (301) may include a light module (380C) (e.g., the flash (220) of FIG. 2). The light module (380C) may be arranged in a second row substantially parallel to the first row of a plurality of second camera modules (380B) on the second surface (310B). The light module (380C) may include one or more light-emitting diodes or xenon lamps. The light module (380C) may include a sensor configured to detect external light. For example, the sensor may include a flicker sensor.

[0073] The electronic device (301) may include a third camera module (380D). The pixels, magnification, and / or field of view of the third camera module (380D) may differ from the pixels, magnification, and / or field of view of at least one second camera module (380B). The third camera module (380D) may be arranged in a second row substantially parallel to a first row of multiple second camera modules (380B) on a second surface (310B).

[0074] The electronic device (301) may include a fourth camera module (380E). The fourth camera module (380E), which may also be referred to as a "depth camera" or a "Time-of-Flight (ToF) camera," may be configured to measure the distance between the fourth camera module (380E) and a subject. For example, the fourth camera module (380E) may be configured to measure the distance using at least one of ultrasound, infrared, or laser, or a combination thereof. The fourth camera module (380E) may be arranged in a second row substantially parallel to a first row of a plurality of second camera modules (380B) on a second surface (310B).

[0075] Meanwhile, the embodiments disclosed in this document may be applied to electronic devices of various shapes / forms (e.g., foldable electronic devices, multi-foldable electronic devices, sliderable electronic devices, rollable electronic devices, digital cameras, digital video cameras, tablets, notebook-shaped electronic devices, and other electronic devices) in addition to the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

[0076] In this document, terms such as “substantially,” “approximately,” “generally,” and “about” used to refer to a given parameter, attribute, or condition may include the extent to which a person skilled in the art can understand that the given parameter, attribute, or condition is satisfied with a small degree of variance, such as within acceptable manufacturing tolerances. For example, any specific parameter that is substantially satisfied may be satisfied by at least 90%, at least 95%, or at least 99%.

[0077] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a camera module according to one embodiment. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a camera module according to one embodiment. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a camera module according to one embodiment. FIG. 8 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view along line 9-9 of the camera module of FIG. 6 according to one embodiment. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the driving force according to the stroke of an AF actuator according to one embodiment.

[0078] Referring to FIGS. 5 through 10, a camera module (400) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3 and / or second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4) may include a lens assembly (410) (e.g., lens assembly (210) of FIG. 2). The lens assembly (410) may include at least one lens (411). An optical axis (A) may be defined between an image sensor (e.g., image sensor (230) of FIG. 2) and the lens (411). A portion of the optical axis (A) may be defined as a line connecting the center of curvature of a first surface of the lens (411) and the center of curvature of a Nth surface (where N is a natural number). The lens assembly (410) may include a lens housing (412) configured to accommodate at least one lens (411). The lens housing (412) may also be referred to as a "lens barrel" or a "lens holder".

[0079] The camera module (400) may include a camera housing (420). The camera housing (420) may be configured to accommodate one or more camera-related components. The camera housing (420) may include a base frame (421) and a cover frame (422) configured to cover the base frame (421). The base frame (421) may also be referred to as "housing," and the cover frame (422) may also be referred to as "shield can."

[0080] The base frame (421) may include a bottom portion (421A). The bottom portion (421A) may include a base hole (421F) that allows light passing through at least one lens (411) to pass through to an image sensor. The base frame (421) may include a plurality of housing side walls connected to the bottom portion (421A). For example, the base frame (421) may include a first base side wall (421B) (e.g., a base side wall in the +X direction), a second base side wall (421C) (e.g., a base side wall in the -X direction) opposite to the first base side wall (421B), a third base side wall (421D) (e.g., a base side wall in the +Y direction) connecting the first base side wall (421B) and the second base side wall (421C) and located between the first base side wall (421B) and the second base side wall (421C), and a fourth base side wall (421E) (e.g., a base side wall in the -Y direction) connecting the first base side wall (421B) and the second base side wall (421C) and located between the first base side wall (421B) and the second base side wall (421C) and opposite to the third base side wall (421D). The first base side wall (421B) may include an opening (421G). The first base side wall (421B) may include an opening area (421H) that opens from the bottom portion (421A) in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A) (e.g., Z-axis direction). The opening area (421H) may enable the implementation of a "bridgeless housing" that reduces the height (e.g., Z-axis dimension) of the camera module (400) while securing the desired driving force without reducing the size of the coil (443). The second base side wall (421C), the third base side wall (421D), and the fourth base side wall (421E) may include a completely closed surface.

[0081] The cover frame (422) may include a top portion (422A), a plurality of cover side walls (422B) connected to the top portion (422A), and a cover hole (422C) disposed in the top portion (422A). The lens housing (412) may pass through the cover hole (422C) at least partially.

[0082] Although not illustrated, the camera module (400) may include an image sensor and a printed circuit board configured to transmit an electrical signal converted from the image sensor to another component (e.g., the processor (120) of FIG. 1 and / or the image signal processor (260) of FIG. 2).

[0083] The camera module (400) may include an actuator (440) configured to drive at least one lens (411) in a first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction) substantially parallel to the optical axis (A).

[0084] The actuator (440) may include a carrier (441) configured to carry a lens housing (412) or at least one lens (411) in a first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction) substantially parallel to the optical axis (A). A carrier (441) comprises a first carrier side surface (441A) facing a first base side wall (421B) (e.g., a carrier side surface in the +X direction), a second carrier side surface (441B) opposite to the first carrier side surface (441A) and facing a second base side wall (421C) (e.g., a carrier side surface in the -X direction), a third carrier side surface (441C) connecting the first carrier side surface (441A) and the second carrier side surface (441B) and located between the first carrier side surface (441A) and the second carrier side surface (441B) and facing a third base side wall (421D) (e.g., a carrier side surface in the +Y direction), and connecting the first carrier side surface (441A) and the second carrier side surface (441B) and the first carrier side surface (441A) and the second carrier side surface (441B). It may include a fourth carrier side surface (441D) (e.g., a carrier side surface in the -Y direction) that is in between and opposite to the third carrier side surface (441C) and faces the fourth base side wall (421E). The carrier (441) may include a carrier hole (441E) defined by the first carrier side surface (441A), the second carrier side surface (441B), the third carrier side surface (441C), and the fourth carrier side surface (441D). The lens housing (412) may pass through the carrier hole (441E) at least partially.

[0085] In an embodiment not illustrated, the lens housing (412) and the carrier (441) may be composed of an integral component. The integral component may be referred to as a lens holder, a lens housing, a carrier, or a movable platform.

[0086] The actuator (440) may include a magnet (442). The magnet (442) may be placed on a recess (R) of the first carrier side surface (441A). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A) (e.g., a first upper pole portion) and a second pole portion (442B) (e.g., a first lower pole portion) arranged in a first direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) substantially parallel to the optical axis (A). The magnet (442) may include a third pole portion (442D) (e.g., a second upper pole portion) and a fourth pole portion (442E) (e.g., a second lower pole portion) arranged in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A).

[0087] The first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B) may have opposite polarities, the third pole portion (442D) and the fourth pole portion (442E) may have opposite polarities, the first pole portion (442A) and the third pole portion (442D) may have opposite polarities, and the second pole portion (442B) and the fourth pole portion (442E) may have opposite polarities.

[0088] The first pole portion (442A) and the third pole portion (442D) may be collectively referred to as the "first polarization (P1)". The second pole portion (442B) and the fourth pole portion (442E) may be collectively referred to as the "second polarization (P2)". The first polarization (P1) may be magnetized in a second direction (e.g., X-axis direction) that is substantially orthogonal to the first direction. The second polarization (P2) may be magnetized in the second direction.

[0089] The magnet (442) may include a first neutral zone (442C) defined between the first polarity (P1) and the second polarity (P2). The first neutral zone (442C) may include a boundary surface between the first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B), and a boundary surface between the third pole portion (442D) and the fourth pole portion (442D). The magnet (442) may include a second neutral zone (442F) including a boundary surface between the first pole portion (442A) and the third pole portion (442D), and a boundary surface between the second pole portion (442B) and the fourth pole portion (442E).

[0090] The first pole portion (442A) may have a first height in the first direction, a first thickness in the second direction, and a first width in a third direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) substantially orthogonal to the first and second directions. The second pole portion (442B) may have a second height in the first direction, a second thickness in the second direction, and a second width in the third direction. The third pole portion (442D) may have a third height in the first direction, a third thickness in the second direction, and a third width in the third direction. The fourth pole portion (442E) may have a fourth height in the first direction, a fourth thickness in the second direction, and a fourth width in the third direction.

[0091] The first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B) may have geometric shapes that are asymmetric to each other. The first height may be smaller than the second height. The first thickness may be substantially the same as the second thickness. The first width may be substantially the same as the second width. The third pole portion (442D) and the fourth pole portion (442E) may have geometric shapes that are asymmetric to each other. The third height may be smaller than the fourth height. The third thickness may be substantially the same as the fourth thickness. The third width may be substantially the same as the fourth width. The first height may be substantially the same as the third height. The second height may be substantially the same as the fourth height. The geometric center of the magnet (442) may be located outside the first neutral zone (442C) (e.g., on the second pole portion (442A)).

[0092] The actuator (440) may include a single magnet (442) composed of a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), a third pole portion (442D), a fourth pole portion (442E), a first neutral zone (442C) and a second neutral zone (442F).

[0093] In an embodiment not illustrated, the actuator (440) may include a plurality of magnets (442), each comprising a single pole portion. The size (e.g., height) of one magnet (442) may differ from the size (e.g., height) of another magnet (442). The plurality of magnets (442) may be arranged in a first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction) and attached to each other. A neutral zone may be defined as a boundary between adjacent magnets (442).

[0094] The actuator (440) may include a coil (443). The coil (443) may include windings having an outer circumference (443A) and an inner circumference (443B). When current flows through the coil (443), a driving force in a first direction may be generated in the magnet (442). The coil (443) may be placed in an opening (421G). The coil (443) may face the top portion (422A) with an air gap without a bridge of the carrier (441). The height of the coil (443) in the first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction) (e.g., maximum width or maximum diameter of the outer circumference (443A) in the Z-axis direction) may be greater than the sum of the first height of the first pole portion (442A) and the second height of the second pole portion (442B). Making the size of the magnet (442) smaller than the size of the coil (443) can reduce the thickness of the camera module (400). The first height of the coil (443) in the first direction (e.g., Z-axis dimension) may be smaller than the second width of the coil (443) in the third direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) (e.g., Y-axis dimension). The actuator (440) may include a single coil (443) having multiple windings.

[0095] The first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B) of the magnet (442) may face the coil (443), and the third pole portion (442D) and the fourth pole portion (442E) may face the carrier (441).

[0096] The first neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) may substantially overlap with the center (443C) of the coil (443). The center (443C) of the coil (443) may be defined as the geometric center of the inner circumference (443B) of the coil (443). Here, "substantially overlapping" means, with reference to FIG. 10 which illustrates a graph where the horizontal axis is AF stroke (unit is millimeters (mm)) and the vertical axis is AF force (unit is gf), that the actuator (440) has a defined driving force (e.g., about 4 gf) or more over a stroke range (e.g., a stroke range of at least one lens (411), lens housing (412), carrier (441), or magnet (442), and may also include an allowable error in achieving force balance with respect to a driving center (e.g., stroke center) where the first neutral zone (442C) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) coincide. For example, the case of “substantially overlapping” may include not only the case where the first neutral zone (442C) completely coincides with the center (443C) of the coil (443), but also the case where it exists within approximately ±10% of the total stroke range of the magnet (442) (or at least one lens (411)) from the center (443C) of the coil (443) (e.g., -0.06 mm to +0.06 mm based on FIG. 10).

[0097] In the neutral position of the carrier (441) in which the carrier (441) is moved so that the first neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the first distance (D1) between the magnet (442) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442) may be greater than the second distance (D2) between the coil (443) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442). When the carrier (441) is moved so that the first neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the third distance (D3) between the upper surface of the carrier (441) and the upper surface of the cover frame (422) may be greater than the second distance (D2).

[0098] The actuator (440) may include a sensor (444) configured to detect the magnetic flux density of the magnet (442). The sensor (444) may be placed in an inner region defined by the inner circumference (443B) of the coil (443). The sensor (444) may overlap with the first neutral zone (442C) when viewed in a second direction (e.g., X-axis direction).

[0099] The actuator (440) may include a first yoke (Y1) and a second yoke (Y2) configured to attract a magnet (442) in a second direction (e.g., X-axis direction). The first yoke (Y1) may be placed on a recess (R) of the first carrier side surface (441A) of the carrier (441). The second yoke (Y2) may be placed on the first base side wall (421B). The magnet (442) may be fixed on the first yoke (Y1).

[0100] The actuator (440) may include a first sub-yoke (Y3) configured to adjust the suction center of the magnet (442). The first sub-yoke (Y3) may position the suction center of the magnet (442) within a support plane of a polygon (e.g., triangle) defined by a plurality of main balls (B1). The first sub-yoke (Y3) may be positioned in an inner region defined by the inner circumference (443B) of the coil (443). The first sub-yoke (Y3) may be positioned adjacent to a corner region (e.g., -Y direction corner region) where two or more of the plurality of main balls (B1) are located. The first sub-yoke (Y3) overlaps with the first neutral zone (442C) when viewed in the second direction (e.g., X-axis direction) so that the AF restoration center can substantially coincide with the first neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442).

[0101] The actuator (440) may include a second sub-yoke (Y4) configured to adjust the suction center of the magnet (442). The second sub-yoke (Y4) may position the suction center of the magnet (442) within a support plane of a polygon (e.g., a triangle) defined by a plurality of main balls (B1) together with the first sub-yoke (Y3). The second sub-yoke (Y4) may be placed in an inner area defined by the inner circumference (443B) of the coil (443). The size of the second sub-yoke (Y4) may be smaller than the size of the first sub-yoke (Y3). The second sub-yoke (Y4) may be placed between the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the sensor (444). The second sub-yoke (Y4) overlaps with the first neutral zone (442C) when viewed in the second direction (e.g., X-axis direction) together with the first sub-yoke (Y3), so that the AF restoration center can substantially coincide with the first neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442).

[0102] The camera module (400) may include a guide (G) configured to guide the carrier (441) relative to the base frame (421) in a first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction). The guide (G) comprises: a first guide rail (G11) located in a first corner area (e.g., -Y direction corner area) of an inner surface (e.g., -X direction surface) of the first base side wall (421B) and extending in a first direction; a second guide rail (G12) located in a second corner area (e.g., +Y direction corner area) opposite to the first corner area of ​​the inner surface of the first base side wall (421B) and extending in a first direction; a third guide rail (G21) located in a third corner area (e.g., -Y direction corner area) of the first carrier side surface (441A) and extending in a first direction and facing the first guide rail (G11); and a fourth guide rail (G22) located in a fourth corner area (e.g., +Y direction corner area) opposite to the third corner area of ​​the first carrier side surface (441A) and extending in a first direction and facing the second guide rail (G12). It may include a plurality of main balls (B1) disposed between the first guide rail (G11) and the third guide rail (G21) and between the second guide rail (G12) and the fourth guide rail (G22), a first sub ball (B2) disposed between the first guide rail (G11) and the third guide rail (G21) and between an adjacent pair of main balls (B1), and a second sub ball (B3) disposed alongside the main balls (B1) between the second guide rail (G12) and the fourth guide rail (G22).

[0103] The camera module (400) may include a printed circuit board (480). A coil (443) and a sensor (444) may be electrically connected to the printed circuit board (480). The coil (443) and the sensor (444) may be placed on the printed circuit board (480). The printed circuit board (480) may be placed on a first base side wall (421B).

[0104] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0105] Referring to FIG. 11, a camera module (400-1) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4 and / or camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10) may include a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420-1) (e.g., camera housing (420) of FIG. 5 to 10), and an actuator (440-1) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 to 10).

[0106] The camera housing (420-1) may include a base frame (421-1) (e.g., the base frame (421) of FIGS. 5 through 10) and a cover frame (422). The base frame (421-1) may include a bottom portion (421A), a plurality of base side walls including a first base side wall (421B), and an opening (421G). The opening (421G) may be surrounded by the first base side wall (421B). The first base side wall (421B) may include a bridge crossing the opening (421G). The bottom portion (421A) may include a bottom recess (BR). The bottom recess (BR) may not reduce the size of the opening (421G) in the housing structure having the bridge, for example, in a structure or image sensor shift structure in which a multilayer ceramic capacitor is not placed on a printed circuit board under the bottom portion (421A).

[0107] The actuator (440-1) may include a carrier (441), a magnet (442-1) (e.g., the magnet (442) of FIGS. 5 through 10), a coil (443), and a sensor (444). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), a third pole portion (442D), a fourth pole portion (442E), a first neutral zone (442C), and a second neutral zone (442F). A first height (e.g., a dimension in the Z-axis direction) of the first pole portion (442A) may be greater than a second height (e.g., a dimension in the Z-axis direction) of the second pole portion (442B). The first neutral zone (442C) may substantially overlap with the center (443C) of the coil (443). The coil (443) can be placed on the bottom recess (BR) and in the opening (421G).

[0108] FIG. 12 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0109] Referring to FIG. 12, a camera module (400-2) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10 and / or camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11) may include a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420), and an actuator (440-2) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 to 10 and / or actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11).

[0110] The actuator (440-2) may include a carrier (441), a magnet (442), a coil (443), a sensor (444), and a first sub-yoke (Y3) and a second sub-yoke (Y4). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), and a first neutral zone (442C). The size of the overlap area between the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) may be larger than the size of the overlap area between the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B). The size of the overlap area between the second sub-yoke (Y4) and the first pole portion (442A) may be larger than the size of the overlap area between the second sub-yoke (Y4) and the second pole portion (442B). By positioning the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the second sub-yoke (Y4) upward (e.g., offset in the -Z direction), the AF restoration center can be defined as a Macro position.

[0111] FIG. 13 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0112] Referring to FIG. 13, a camera module (400-3) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11 and / or camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12) may include a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420), and an actuator (440-3) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 to 10, actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11 and / or actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12).

[0113] The actuator (440-3) may include a carrier (441), a magnet (442), a coil (443), a sensor (444), and a first sub-yoke (Y3) and a second sub-yoke (Y4). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), and a first neutral zone (442C). The size of the overlap area between the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) may be smaller than the size of the overlap area between the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B). The size of the overlap area between the second sub-yoke (Y4) and the first pole portion (442A) may be smaller than the size of the overlap area between the second sub-yoke (Y4) and the second pole portion (442B). By positioning the first sub-yoke (Y3) and the second sub-yoke (Y4) downward (e.g., offset in the +Z direction), the AF restoration center can be defined as the Infinity position.

[0114] FIG. 14 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0115] Referring to FIG. 14, a camera module (400-4) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11, camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12 and / or camera module (400-3) of FIG. 13) may include a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420), and an actuator (440-4) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 to 10, actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11, actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12 and / or actuator (440-3) of FIG. 13).

[0116] The actuator (440-4) may include a carrier (441), a magnet (442), a coil (443), and a sensor (444). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), and a first neutral zone (442C). The size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the first pole portion (442A) may differ from the size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the second pole portion (442B). For example, in an embodiment where the length of the first pole portion (442A) (e.g., dimension in the Z-axis direction) is smaller than the length of the second pole portion (442B) (e.g., dimension in the Z-axis direction), the inflection point of the B-field of the magnet (442) is located closer to the geometric center of the second pole portion (442B), which is longer than the geometric center of the first pole portion (442A), which is shorter, and positioning the sensor (444) downward (e.g., offset in the -Z direction) can enable symmetric magnetic flux detection by the sensor (444) in a linear section of the B-field.

[0117] FIG. 15 is a side view of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 15, a camera module (400-5) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 through 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11, camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12, camera module (400-3) of FIG. 13 and / or camera module (400-4) of FIG. 14) is an actuator (440-5) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 through 10, actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11, actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12, actuator (440-3) of FIG. 13 and / or FIG. 14 It may include an actuator (440-4), and a printed circuit board (480-5) (e.g., the printed circuit board (480) of FIGS. 5 to 10).

[0119] The actuator (440-5) may include a coil (443-5) (e.g., the coil (443) of FIG. 5 through 10, the coil (443) of FIG. 11, the coil (443) of FIG. 12, the coil (443) of FIG. 13 and / or the coil (443) of FIG. 14). The coil (443-5) may include a loop-shaped metal pattern on a printed circuit board (480-5).

[0120] The actuator (440-5) may include a sub-yoke (Y3) (e.g., the first sub-yoke (Y3) and / or the second sub-yoke (Y4) of FIG. 5 through 10, the first sub-yoke (Y3) and / or the second sub-yoke (Y4) of FIG. 12 and / or the first sub-yoke (Y3) and / or the second sub-yoke (Y4) of FIG. 13)) and a sensor (444). The sub-yoke (Y3) and the sensor (444) may be placed outside the coil (443-5) on a printed circuit board (480-5).

[0121] FIG. 16 is a schematic drawing of a camera module according to one embodiment. FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a part of the structure of a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0122] Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, a camera module (400-6) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11, camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12, camera module (400-3) of FIG. 13, camera module (400-4) of FIG. 14 and / or camera module (400-5) of FIG. 15) comprises a lens assembly (410) including a lens (411), a camera housing (420), an image sensor (430) (e.g., image sensor (230) of FIG. 2), and an actuator (440-6) (e.g., FIG. 5 to 10 It may include an actuator (440), an actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11, an actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12, an actuator (440-3) of FIG. 13, an actuator (440-4) of FIG. 14 and / or an actuator (440-5) of FIG. 15, and a reflector (450). The reflector (450) may be configured to reflect light toward the lens assembly (410). The lens assembly (410) may be positioned between the reflector (450) and the image sensor (430). The optical axis (A) may be defined as an axis connecting the reflector (450), the lens assembly (410), and the image sensor (430).

[0123] The actuator (440-6) may include a carrier (441), a plurality of magnets (442), a plurality of coils (443), and a plurality of sensors (444). The carrier (441) may include a first carrier side surface (441A), a second carrier side surface (441B), a third carrier side surface (441C), and a fourth carrier side surface (441D). The plurality of magnets (442) may be arranged in a second direction (e.g., X-axis direction) along the third carrier side surface (441C) and the fourth carrier side surface (441D). The magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), a third pole portion (e.g., the third pole portion (442D) of FIGS. 5 to 10), a fourth pole portion (e.g., the fourth pole portion (442E) of FIGS. 5 to 10), a first neutral zone (442C), and a second neutral zone (e.g., the second neutral zone (442F) of FIGS. 5 to 10). A plurality of coils (443) may be arranged in a second direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) along both side walls (e.g., the +Y direction side wall and the -Y direction side wall) of the camera housing (420). A plurality of sensors (444) may be disposed inside each coil (443).

[0124] Although not illustrated, the actuator (440-6) may include a plurality of magnets (442) arranged along a carrier (441), a plurality of coils (443) arranged along a camera housing (e.g., camera housing (420) of FIGS. 5 to 10), and a plurality of sensors (444). Although not illustrated, the actuator (440-6) may include one or more magnets (442) comprising three or more pole portions, a plurality of coils (443), and a plurality of sensors (444).

[0125] Although not illustrated, the actuator (440-6) may include a plurality of reflectors (450). For example, one reflector (450) may be positioned in front of the lens assembly (410) to reflect light entering the camera housing toward the lens assembly (410), and another reflector (450) may be positioned behind the lens assembly (410) to reflect light passing through the lens assembly (410) toward the image sensor (430).

[0126] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 18, a camera module (400-7) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11, camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12, camera module (400-3) of FIG. 13, camera module (400-4) of FIG. 14, camera module (400-5) of FIG. 15 and / or camera module (400-6) of FIG. 16 and 17) comprises a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420), an image sensor (430), and an actuator (440-7) (e.g., actuator (440) of FIG. 5 to 10, FIG. 11 It may include an actuator (440-1), an actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12, an actuator (440-3) of FIG. 13, an actuator (440-4) of FIG. 14, an actuator (440-5) of FIG. 15 and / or an actuator (440-6) of FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, a first plate spring (470A), and a second plate spring (470B). The lens assembly (410) may include a lens housing (412). The camera housing (420) may include a base frame (421) and a cover frame (422). The base frame (421) may include a bottom portion (421A), and a plurality of base side walls including a first base side wall (421B) and a second base side wall (421C).

[0128] The actuator (440-7) may include a plurality of magnets (442). Each magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), a third pole portion (442D), a fourth pole portion (442E), a first neutral zone (442C), and a second neutral zone (442F). One of the plurality of magnets (442) may be placed on the first base side wall (421B), and the other magnet (442) may be placed on the second base side wall (421C). The actuator (440-7) may include a coil (443). The coil (443) may be wound along the circumference of the lens housing (412). The height of the coil (443) in the first direction (e.g., Z-axis direction) may be substantially the same as the height of the first pole portion (442A) of the magnet (442) in the first direction. The lens housing (412) may include a bobbin on which the coil (443) is wound. The actuator (440-7) can reduce the leakage of magnetic flux generated from the magnet (442).

[0129] A first plate spring (470A) disposed in a first part (e.g., upper part) of the base frame (421) and a second plate spring (470B) disposed in a second part (e.g., lower part) opposite to the first part of the base frame (421) may be configured to elastically support the lens housing (412). A coil (443) may be electrically connected to at least one of the first plate spring (470A) or the second plate spring (470B).

[0130] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a camera module according to one embodiment.

[0131] Referring to FIG. 19, a camera module (400-8) (e.g., camera module (180) of FIG. 1, camera module (180) of FIG. 2, first camera module (380A) of FIG. 3, second camera module (380B) of FIG. 4, camera module (400) of FIG. 5 to 10, camera module (400-1) of FIG. 11, camera module (400-2) of FIG. 12, camera module (400-3) of FIG. 13, camera module (400-4) of FIG. 14, camera module (400-5) of FIG. 15, camera module (400-6) of FIG. 16 and 17, and / or camera module (400-7) of FIG. 18) comprises a lens assembly (410), a camera housing (420), an image sensor (430), and an actuator (440-8) (e.g., FIG. 5 to 10 It may include an actuator (440), an actuator (440-1) of FIG. 11, an actuator (440-2) of FIG. 12, an actuator (440-3) of FIG. 13, an actuator (440-4) of FIG. 14, an actuator (440-5) of FIG. 15, an actuator (440-6) of FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, and / or an actuator (440-7) of FIG. 18, a first plate spring (470A), and a second plate spring (470B). The lens assembly (410) may include a lens housing (412). The camera housing (420) may include a base frame (421) and a cover frame (422). The base frame (421) may include a bottom portion (421A) and a plurality of base side walls including a first base side wall (421B) and a second base side wall (421C).

[0132] The actuator (440-8) may include a plurality of magnets (442). Each magnet (442) may include a first pole portion (442A), a second pole portion (442B), a third pole portion (442D), a fourth pole portion (442E), a first neutral zone (442C), and a second neutral zone (442F). One of the plurality of magnets (442) may be placed on the first base side wall (421B), and the other magnet (442) may be placed on the second base side wall (421C).

[0133] The actuator (440-8) may include a plurality of coils (443). One of the plurality of coils (443) may be positioned on a first side (e.g., +X direction side) of the lens housing (412) facing one of the plurality of magnets (442), and another coil (443) may be positioned on a second side (e.g., -X direction side) of the lens housing (412) that is different (e.g., opposite) from the first side, facing the other magnet (442).

[0134] The actuator (440-8) may include a plurality of sensors (444). The plurality of sensors (444) may be placed inside each coil (443).

[0135] One embodiment of the disclosure may provide a camera module having reduced thickness. The technical problems to be solved by the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0136] The camera module (400) may include a lens assembly (410). The camera module (400) may include an image sensor (230). The camera module (400) may include a camera housing (420). The camera housing (420) may include a side wall (421B) in which an aperture (421G) is formed. The camera module (400) may include a carrier (441) accommodated in the camera housing (420). The carrier (441) may include a carrier side surface (441A) facing the side wall (421B). The carrier (441) may be configured to carry the lens assembly (410) in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A). The camera module (400) may include a coil (443) disposed in the aperture (421G). The camera module (400) may include a magnet (442) disposed on the carrier side surface (441A). A first pole portion (442A) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) may have a first height (H1) in the first direction. A second pole portion (442B) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) may have a second height (H2) different from the first height (H1) in the first direction. The sum of the first height (H1) and the second height (H2) may be smaller than the height (H3) of the coil (443) in the first direction. The geometric center of the magnet (442) may be located outside the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442).

[0137] The second height (H2) above may be greater than the first height (H1).

[0138] The magnet (442) may further include the neutral zone (442C) positioned between the first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B).

[0139] The above side wall (421B) may include an open area (421H) in which the opening (421G) is opened in the first direction.

[0140] The camera housing (420) may further include a cover frame (422) covering at least a portion of the side wall (421B) and at least a portion of the carrier (441). When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the first distance (D1) between the magnet (442) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442) may be greater than the second distance (D2) between the coil (443) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442).

[0141] When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the third distance (D3) between the upper surface of the carrier (441) and the upper surface of the cover frame (422) may be greater than the second distance (D2).

[0142] When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the first height (H1) of the first pole portion (442A) may be smaller than the third height (D3) between the center (443C) of the coil (443) and the upper surface of the coil (443).

[0143] When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the second height (H2) of the second pole portion (442B) may be smaller than the fourth height (D4) between the center (443C) of the coil (443) and the lower surface of the coil (443).

[0144] In the surface of the magnet (442) where the coil (443) is facing the magnet (442), the magnet (442) may include two pole portions composed of the first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B).

[0145] The first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B) can each be magnetized in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction.

[0146] The above neutral zone (442C) can substantially overlap with the geometric center (443C) of the inner circumference (443B) of the coil (443).

[0147] The camera module (400-5) may include a printed circuit board (480-5). The coil (443-5) may include a metal pattern on the printed circuit board (480-5).

[0148] The camera housing (420) may further include a bottom portion (421A) connected to the side wall (421B). The bottom portion (421A) may include a bottom recess (BR) configured to at least partially accommodate the coil (443). The second height (H2) may be smaller than the first height (H1).

[0149] The camera module (400) may include a sub-yoke (Y3) disposed inside the coil (443). The center of the sub-yoke (Y3) may substantially overlap with the neutral zone (442C).

[0150] The camera module (400-2) may include a sub-yoke (Y3) disposed inside the coil (443). The size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) may be smaller than the size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B).

[0151] The camera module (400-3) may include a sub-yoke (Y3) disposed inside the coil (443). The size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) may be larger than the size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B).

[0152] The camera module (400-5) may include a sub-yoke (Y3) positioned outside the coil (443-5).

[0153] The camera module (400-4) may include a sensor (444). The size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the first pole portion (442A) may be different from the size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the second pole portion (442B).

[0154] The camera module (400-6) may include a reflector (450). The lens (411) may be positioned between the reflector (450) and the image sensor (430).

[0155] The camera module (400-8) may include a lens (411). The camera module (400-8) may include a lens housing (412) configured to accommodate the lens (411). The camera module (400-8) may include an image sensor (430). The camera module (400-8) may include a camera housing (420). The camera housing (420) may include side walls (421B, 421C). The camera module (400-8) may include a coil (443) disposed on the side surface of the lens housing (412). The camera module (400-8) may include a magnet (442) disposed on the side walls (421B, 421C). The first pole portion (442A) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) may have a first height (H1) in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A). The second pole portion (442B) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) may have a second height (H2) different from the first height (H1) in the first direction. The sum of the first height (H1) and the second height (H2) may be smaller than the height (H3) of the coil (443) in the first direction. The geometric center of the magnet (442) may be located outside the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442).

[0156] The camera housing (420) may include a plurality of side walls (421B, 421C). The camera module (400-8) may include a plurality of magnets (442) each disposed on the plurality of side walls (421B, 421C). The camera module (400-8) may include a plurality of coils (443) each disposed on different side surfaces of the lens housing (412) facing each of the plurality of magnets (442).

[0157] The electronic device (101, 301) may include a camera module (180, 380A, 380B, 380D, 400, 400-1, 400-2, 400-3, 400-4, 400-5, 400-6, 400-7, 400-8).

[0158] According to one embodiment, driving force can be secured within a camera module having a reduced thickness, thereby maintaining the current consumption equivalent to that of the existing thickness. The effects of the camera module according to the embodiments are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art from the description in the specification.

[0159] The embodiments of this document are illustrative and are not intended to be limiting. Various modifications to the details of the disclosure may be made, including to the appended claims and their equivalents. Any of the embodiment(s) described herein may be used in combination with the embodiment(s) described herein.

Claims

1. Lens assembly (410); Image sensor (230); A camera housing (420) including a side wall (421B) having an opening (421G) formed therein; A carrier (441) that is received in the camera housing (420) and includes a carrier side surface (441A) facing the side wall (421B), wherein the carrier (441) is configured to carry the lens assembly (410) in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A); A coil (443) placed in the above opening (421G); and It includes a magnet (442) disposed on the carrier side surface (441A), and A camera module (400) such that the geometric center of the magnet (442) is located outside the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442), the first pole portion (442A) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) has a first height (H1) in the first direction, the second pole portion (442B) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) has a second height (H2) different from the first height (H1) in the first direction, and the sum of the first height (H1) and the second height (H2) is smaller than the height (H3) of the coil (443) in the first direction.

2. In Paragraph 1, The second height (H2) is a camera module larger than the first height (H1).

3. In Paragraph 1 or 2, The above magnet (442) is a camera module further comprising the neutral zone (442C) disposed between the first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B).

4. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 3, The above side wall (421B) is a camera module including an open area (421H) in which the opening (421G) is opened in the first direction.

5. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 4, The camera housing (420) further includes a cover frame (422) that covers at least a portion of the side wall (421B) and at least a portion of the carrier (441), and When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the first distance (D1) between the magnet (442) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442) is greater than the second distance (D2) between the coil (443) and the upper surface of the cover frame (442). Preferably, when the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the third distance (D3) between the upper surface of the carrier (441) and the upper surface of the cover frame (422) is greater than the second distance (D2) of the camera module.

6. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, When the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the first height (H1) of the first pole portion (442A) is smaller than the third height (D3) between the center (443C) of the coil (443) and the upper surface of the coil (443), and Preferably, when the carrier (441) is moved so that the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442) and the center (443C) of the coil (443) are substantially aligned, the second height (H2) of the second pole portion (442B) is smaller than the fourth height (D4) between the center (443C) of the coil (443) and the lower surface of the coil (443) of the camera module.

7. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 6, A camera module comprising, on the surface of the magnet (442) in which the coil (443) is seen facing the magnet (442), the magnet (442) comprises two pole portions composed of the first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B).

8. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 7, The first pole portion (442A) and the second pole portion (442B) are each a camera module magnetized in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction.

9. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 8, It further includes a printed circuit board (480-5), The above coil (443-5) is a camera module including a metal pattern on the above printed circuit board (480-5).

10. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 9, The camera housing (420) further includes a bottom portion (421A) connected to the side wall (421B), and The bottom portion (421A) includes a bottom recess (BR) configured to at least partially accommodate the coil (443), and The second height (H2) is a camera module smaller than the first height (H1).

11. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 10, It further includes a sub-yoke (Y3) disposed inside the coil (443), and The center of the above sub-yoke (Y3) substantially overlaps with the above neutral zone (442C); The size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) is smaller than the size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B); A camera module in which the size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the first pole portion (442A) is larger than the size of the overlapping area between the sub-yoke (Y3) and the second pole portion (442B).

12. In any one of paragraphs 1 to 11, A camera module further comprising a sub-yoke (Y3) positioned outside the above coil (443-5).

13. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 12, The sensor (444) is further included, and the size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the first pole portion (442A) is different from the size of the overlapping area between the sensor (444) and the second pole portion (442B) and / or, A camera module further comprising a reflector (450), wherein the lens (411) is positioned between the reflector (450) and the image sensor (430).

14. Lens (411); A lens housing (412) configured to accommodate the above lens (411); Image sensor (430); A camera housing (420) including side walls (421B, 421C); A coil (443) disposed on the side surface of the lens housing (412); It includes a magnet (442) placed on the side walls (421B, 421C), and In order for the geometric center of the magnet (442) to be located outside the neutral zone (442C) of the magnet (442), the first pole portion (442A) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) has a first height (H1) in a first direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (A), and the second pole portion (442B) of the magnet (442) facing the coil (443) has a second height (H2) in the first direction different from the first height (H1), and the sum of the first height (H1) and the second height (H2) is smaller than the height (H3) of the coil (443) in the first direction. Preferably, The camera housing (420) includes a plurality of side walls (421B, 421C), and The above camera module (400-7) is, A plurality of magnets (442) respectively disposed on the plurality of side walls (421B, 421C); and A camera module further comprising a plurality of coils (443) each disposed on different side surfaces of the lens housing (412) facing each of the plurality of magnets (442).

15. An electronic device (101, 301) comprising a camera module (180, 380A, 380B, 380D, 400, 400-1, 400-2, 400-3, 400-4, 400-5, 400-6, 400-7, 400-8) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

Images