Liquid crystal display panel, display device and vehicle

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a liquid crystal display panel, a display device and a vehicle. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a liquid crystal cell, a first transparent substrate layer, and a second transparent substrate layer. The liquid crystal cell comprises a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell, the first transparent substrate layer has a first optical axis, the first optical axis is located in a plane where the first transparent substrate layer is located, and the first optical axis is perpendicular to a first direction. The second transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell, or the second transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell, the second transparent substrate layer has a second optical axis, the second optical axis is located in a plane where the second transparent substrate layer is located, an included angle between the second optical axis and the first optical axis is within a preset angle range, and a difference between the thickness of the second transparent substrate layer and the thickness of the first transparent substrate layer is within a preset difference range. The embodiments of the present application can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel without affecting the imaging effect of the liquid crystal display panel.

Description

LCD panels, display devices and vehicles Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronics, specifically to a liquid crystal display panel, a display device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, LCD panels typically use a glass layer to cover the display surface. In high-brightness scenarios, structures such as the liquid crystal cell or conductive layer in the LCD panel absorb heat from the backlight module or light source. However, due to the low thermal conductivity of glass, the accumulated heat cannot be dissipated from the glass layer in time, causing the temperature on the display side of the LCD panel to rise. This reduces the lifespan of the LCD panel and may even lead to display abnormalities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of this application provide a liquid crystal display panel, a display device, and a vehicle, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel without affecting the imaging effect of the display panel.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a liquid crystal display panel, including a liquid crystal cell, a first transparent substrate layer, and a second transparent substrate layer.

[0005] The liquid crystal cell includes a first surface and a second surface, which are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell.

[0006] The first transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell. The first transparent substrate layer has a first optical axis, which is located in the plane of the first transparent substrate layer and is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] The second transparent substrate is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell, or the second transparent substrate is located on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell. The second transparent substrate has a second optical axis, which is located in the plane of the second transparent substrate. The angle between the second optical axis and the first optical axis is within a preset angle range. The difference between the thickness of the second transparent substrate and the thickness of the first transparent substrate is within a preset difference range. The direction of the thickness is the first direction.

[0008] In this embodiment, during the operation of the liquid crystal display panel, an electric field continuously acts on the liquid crystal molecules within the liquid crystal cell, causing changes in their arrangement. Some electrical energy is converted into heat energy, leading to an increase in the temperature of the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal display panel of this application uses a transparent substrate with an optical axis instead of a conventional glass substrate. This transparent substrate with an optical axis is generally a birefringent crystal material, which has a higher thermal conductivity than a conventional glass substrate. This avoids heat accumulation due to the low thermal conductivity of the glass substrate, preventing the liquid crystal cell temperature from rising or exceeding the liquid crystal clearing point, thus preventing the liquid crystal cell from malfunctioning due to high temperature.

[0009] The temperature of the liquid crystal cell can be dispersed to the external environment through the first and second transparent substrate layers. The transparent substrate layer with the optical axis has high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the first and second transparent substrate layers can effectively conduct the heat of the liquid crystal cell, thereby controlling the temperature of the liquid crystal cell.

[0010] Since the first transparent substrate layer with the optical axis generally exhibits birefringence, it can interfere with and disrupt the modulation of light by the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, this application eliminates the adverse effects of birefringence on the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel by adjusting the double transparent substrate layers (first transparent substrate layer and second transparent substrate layer).

[0011] The light emitted from the liquid crystal cell is modulated by the cell to form polarized light with a predetermined polarization direction. After passing through the first transparent substrate layer, the polarized light undergoes birefringence, generating ordinary light (O-ray) and extraordinary light (e-ray). Since the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate layer is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell, a phase difference occurs between the ordinary and extraordinary light during propagation, resulting in interference between them and thus changing the polarization state of the light. When the polarization state of the light changes, the effect of the light passing through the polarizer also changes.

[0012] When a certain area of ​​a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel needs to present a dark effect, the liquid crystal cell can modulate the light. When the polarization direction of the polarizer in the LCD panel is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the polarized light, the polarized light cannot pass through the polarizer. At this time, that area of ​​the LCD panel appears dark. If the first transparent substrate layer changes the polarization state of the light, causing a change in the polarization angle of some polarized light, the vibration direction of the polarized light is not completely aligned with the polarization direction of the polarizer. As long as they are not perpendicular, some polarized light may still pass through the polarizer. This results in higher brightness in the area of ​​the LCD panel that needs to present a dark effect, leading to a decrease in the overall contrast of the LCD panel and consequently a reduction in color depth, affecting the user experience. Furthermore, it limits the application scenarios of LCD panels; for professional applications requiring high-precision color reproduction and detail (such as photography, design, and medical applications), low-contrast LCD panels cannot meet the requirements.

[0013] The second optical axis of the second transparent substrate layer in this application is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell and forms a predetermined angle with the first optical axis. Therefore, the phase change of the polarized light passing through the second transparent substrate layer can cancel out the phase change of the polarized light passing through the first transparent substrate layer. This ensures that the first and second transparent substrate layers do not affect the modulation effect of the light emitted from the liquid crystal cell, allowing the liquid crystal display panel to function normally. Thus, while maintaining the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, enabling the display panel to be used in high power density (exceeding 30W / cm²) scenarios, such as high-brightness projection and laser processing.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the preset angle range is between 87° and 93°.

[0015] In this embodiment, the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate and the second optical axis of the second transparent substrate can be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. Polarized light passing through the first transparent substrate will exhibit ordinary and extraordinary ray beams due to birefringence. These ordinary and extraordinary ray beams will have a phase difference. According to the principle of birefringence, the plane formed by the propagation direction of light rays in the crystal and the crystal's optical axis is the principal plane. The polarization direction of the ordinary ray is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the extraordinary ray. Specifically, the polarization direction of the ordinary ray is perpendicular to the principal plane, while the polarization direction of the extraordinary ray lies within the principal plane.

[0016] When the second optical axis of the second transparent substrate is approximately perpendicular to the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate, the principal plane of the second transparent substrate is approximately perpendicular to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate. At this time, light rays whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate have their polarization direction within the principal plane of the second transparent substrate. Similarly, light rays whose polarization direction is within the principal plane of the first transparent substrate have their polarization direction perpendicular to the principal plane of the second transparent substrate. That is, ordinary light within the first transparent substrate has the same polarization direction as extraordinary light within the second transparent substrate. Therefore, according to the phase difference formula for ordinary and extraordinary light under birefringence: It is known that the phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the first transparent substrate layer is opposite to the phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the second transparent substrate layer, so that the phase difference between the light passing through the first transparent substrate layer and the second transparent substrate layer can cancel each other out.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the preset difference range is between -0.05mm and 0.05mm.

[0018] In this embodiment, the phase difference formula between ordinary and extraordinary light due to birefringence is used: It is known that the phase difference generated by light passing through the first transparent substrate is proportional to its thickness. Making the thickness of the first transparent substrate the same or approximately the same as the thickness of the second transparent substrate allows the phase differences between the two substrates to cancel each other out or essentially cancel each other out, thus avoiding the phase difference generated by the transparent substrate affecting the modulation effect of the liquid crystal cell on light.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the first transparent substrate layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0020] In this embodiment, when the first transparent substrate layer is too thin, the overall scratch and impact resistance of the liquid crystal display panel is poor, making it susceptible to damage from external factors such as scratches or cracks. Furthermore, an excessively thin first transparent substrate layer makes it more prone to deformation or damage during processing, requiring more sophisticated manufacturing processes and thus increasing the production cost of the first transparent substrate layer.

[0021] Furthermore, an excessively thick first transparent substrate layer increases the overall weight and size of the LCD panel, hindering the achievement of a thinner and lighter design. Additionally, a thicker first transparent substrate layer increases light refraction and scattering, reducing the LCD panel's light transmittance and thus affecting display quality.

[0022] By keeping the first transparent substrate layer within a thickness range of 0.1mm-1.5mm, the LCD panel can be made as thin and light as possible while ensuring strong impact resistance.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the materials of the first transparent substrate layer and the second transparent substrate layer are uniaxial materials.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the material of the first transparent substrate layer is the same as the material of the second transparent substrate layer.

[0025] In this embodiment, the phase difference formula between ordinary and extraordinary light due to birefringence is used: It is known that by ensuring that the materials of the first transparent substrate layer and the second transparent substrate layer are the same, the refractive index of ordinary light in the first transparent substrate layer is the same as the refractive index of extraordinary light in the second transparent substrate layer, and the refractive index of extraordinary light in the first transparent substrate layer is the same as the refractive index of ordinary light in the second transparent substrate layer. This allows the phase difference between the first transparent substrate layer and the phase difference between the second transparent substrate layer to be opposites of each other, and thus cancel each other out.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a substrate circuit located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell. The substrate circuit is a metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit, and each switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit.

[0027] The second transparent substrate is located on the side of the first transparent substrate that faces away from the liquid crystal cell.

[0028] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel can be an LCOS display panel, which uses a CMOS chip as the circuit substrate and a reflective layer. Due to its reflective structure, the LCOS display panel has a high light utilization efficiency, reaching over 40%, and can produce higher brightness output. Achieving high brightness and high resolution does not require excessive power consumption, making LCOS display technology excellent in terms of energy saving.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel includes a base with a mounting groove recessed from the surface of the base.

[0030] The second transparent substrate is connected to the base and seals the opening of the mounting groove to form a sealed space. The substrate circuit, liquid crystal cell and the first transparent substrate are all located in the sealed space, and the first transparent substrate faces the opening of the mounting groove.

[0031] In this embodiment, the base and the second transparent substrate layer can form a sealed space. This isolates the liquid crystal cell within the sealed space from external water and oxygen, preventing moisture from corroding the internal circuit structure and liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal cell. This avoids performance degradation, short circuits, or failures of the liquid crystal cell's circuit structure, ensuring the stability and reliability of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a phase compensation film, which is attached to the surface of the first transparent substrate layer, or the phase compensation film is attached to the surface of the second transparent substrate layer.

[0033] In this embodiment, the core function of the phase compensation film is to correct the phase difference generated by the liquid crystal pretilt angle or the liquid crystal cell at various viewing angles. Liquid crystal molecules have birefringence, meaning that they have different refractive indices for light waves in different directions, which causes a phase difference when light waves pass through the liquid crystal layer. The phase compensation film, through its specific optical properties, can symmetrically compensate for this phase difference, thereby improving the fidelity and depth of the image.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the second transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell;

[0035] The liquid crystal display panel also includes a driving circuit, which is connected to the second transparent substrate and located on the side of the second transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal cell. The driving circuit is a thin film field effect transistor (TFT) driving circuit, and each switching transistor is a thin film field effect transistor (TFT).

[0036] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel can be an LCD display panel using a TFT driving circuit. LCD display panels currently have lower manufacturing costs and offer better performance. Furthermore, the manufacturing process for LCD display panels is quite mature, enabling efficient and stable production. This provides a high level of assurance in terms of quality and reliability for LCD display panels.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizer located on the side of the first transparent substrate facing away from the liquid crystal cell.

[0038] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal cell undergoes an orientation change under the influence of an electric field, thereby altering the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through it. The first polarizer selectively allows polarized light in a specific direction to pass through, creating a contrast between light and dark, thus producing a display image.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a second polarizer located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the driving circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the second polarizer can convert the light beam generated by the backlight into polarized light. When the natural light emitted by the backlight passes through the second polarizer, only the light rays whose vibration direction is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer can pass through, thus forming polarized light.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal cell includes a pixel electrode layer, liquid crystal molecules, a common electrode layer, and a frame adhesive. The pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer are stacked, and the frame adhesive is sealed between the pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer to form a sealed space. The liquid crystal molecules are located within the sealed space, and the common electrode layer faces the first transparent substrate layer.

[0042] In this embodiment, based on the electro-optic effect of liquid crystal molecules, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules changes under the influence of an electric field, thereby affecting the polarization state of light passing through the liquid crystal layer. By controlling the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, the amount of light transmitted through the first polarizer can be precisely controlled, thus displaying different images.

[0043] Secondly, this application also provides a display device, including a housing and a liquid crystal display panel as described above, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is mounted on the housing.

[0044] In one possible implementation, a first transparent substrate layer is connected to a liquid crystal cell, the side of the liquid crystal cell opposite to the first transparent substrate layer is connected to a housing, a second transparent substrate layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate layer opposite to the liquid crystal cell, the second transparent substrate layer is spaced apart from the first transparent substrate layer, and the second transparent substrate layer is connected to the housing.

[0045] Thirdly, this application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and a liquid crystal display panel as described above, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is mounted on the vehicle body. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the display device shown in Figure 1;

[0049] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2;

[0050] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the liquid crystal cell shown in Figure 3;

[0051] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2;

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2;

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2;

[0054] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2;

[0055] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel shown in Figure 2. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The specific embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, this application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0057] For ease of understanding, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0058] Multiple: refers to two or more.

[0059] Connection: should be interpreted broadly. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through an intermediary.

[0060] The specific embodiments of this application will now be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The vehicle 100 in this embodiment can be a known vehicle such as a car, airplane, ship, or rocket, or it can be a newly emerging vehicle in the future. The car can be an electric vehicle, a gasoline-powered vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle, such as a pure electric vehicle, a range-extended electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or a new energy vehicle; this application does not specifically limit its type. The following description uses a vehicle as an example.

[0062] The vehicle 100 includes a vehicle body 10 and a display device 20, with the display device 20 installed on the vehicle body 10.

[0063] It should be noted that Figure 1 is only intended to schematically illustrate the connection relationship between the vehicle body 10 and the display device 20, and is not intended to specifically limit the connection position, specific structure, or quantity of each device. Furthermore, the structure illustrated in the embodiments of this application does not constitute a specific limitation on the vehicle 100. In other embodiments of this application, the vehicle 100 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0064] The display device 20 can be a pixelated headlight, in-vehicle projector, instrument panel, head-up display, center console, dashcam display, in-vehicle entertainment system display, etc. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the display device 20. The display device 20 of this application can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the display device 20 without affecting its imaging effect.

[0065] For example, the display device 20 can also be applied to fields such as laser projection, high-brightness projection, laser processing, spatial phase modulators, and laser TVs.

[0066] Laser projection, also known as laser projection display technology, is a display technology that uses red, green, and blue (RGB) lasers as its light source. Laser projection leverages the high brightness and high color saturation of laser light sources to achieve high-quality, high-definition image projection.

[0067] High-brightness projection refers to projectors that use high-brightness light sources to project bright, clear, and vibrant images even in bright environments. This projection technology solves the problem of poor projection quality of traditional projectors in strong light conditions, allowing the projected image to maintain high visibility and color saturation even under strong light.

[0068] The processing principle of laser processing technology is to use a high-intensity, high-brightness, highly directional, and monochromatic laser beam, which is focused to form a highly parallel microbeam that irradiates the material. When the energy density of the laser beam reaches a certain level, the material melts or vaporizes extremely quickly. After the solid slag or vaporized material on the surface of the material is peeled off, the processed part of the desired shape is formed.

[0069] A spatial phase modulator is a device that can dynamically change the phase of a light wavefront in real time. By modulating the phase of a light wave in space, a spatial phase modulator achieves precise control of the light field.

[0070] Laser TVs utilize semiconductor-pumped solid-state laser working materials to generate continuous laser light of red, green, and blue wavelengths as color light sources. These laser beams are modulated by an optical engine and projected onto an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) spatial modem. After decoding, the television signal is stored in an image storage system, from which luminance and chrominance signals are extracted. These signals are then processed by a color management system to obtain new RGB drive signals, which are transmitted to the LCOS display system. Finally, the laser beams are projected directly onto the screen, displaying a color image.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device 20 shown in Figure 1. The display device 20 includes a housing 21 and a liquid crystal display panel 22, which is mounted on the housing 21.

[0072] In a first possible embodiment, please refer to FIG3, which is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. The liquid crystal display panel 22 can be an LCOS display panel. The display panel 22 may include a substrate circuit 221, a liquid crystal cell 222, a first transparent substrate layer 223, a second transparent substrate layer 224, and an anti-reflection layer 225. Along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 22, the substrate circuit 221, the liquid crystal cell 222, the first transparent substrate layer 223, the second transparent substrate layer 224, and the anti-reflection layer 225 are stacked sequentially.

[0073] The liquid crystal cell 222 may include a pixel electrode layer 2221, liquid crystal molecules 2222, a common electrode layer 2223, and a sealant 2224. The pixel electrode layer 2221 and the common electrode layer 2223 are stacked, and the sealant 2224 is sealed between the pixel electrode layer 2221 and the common electrode layer 2223 to form a sealed space, in which the liquid crystal molecules 2222 are located.

[0074] For example, please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal cell 222 shown in Figure 3. The material of the pixel electrode layer 2221 may include aluminum. A reflective layer 2225 may also be provided on the surface of the pixel electrode layer 2221 facing the liquid crystal molecules 2222. The reflective layer 2225 can increase reflectivity. An alignment layer 2226 may be provided on the surface of the reflective layer 2225 facing the liquid crystal molecules 2222. The material of the alignment layer 2226 may include polyimide (PI) or SiO2, etc.

[0075] In this embodiment, the reflective layer 2225 can increase the reflectivity of the pixel electrode layer 2221 to light. This makes the reflected light more concentrated and efficient, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency of the entire liquid crystal display panel 22. When light passes through the liquid crystal cell 222, it can interact more fully with the liquid crystal molecules 2222, thereby producing a more vivid and saturated color effect.

[0076] The alignment layer 2226 is used to anchor the liquid crystals, enabling them to assume a specific initial alignment orientation. This allows light to undergo orderly polarization and modulation as it passes through the liquid crystal cell 222. This helps improve the contrast, brightness, and color saturation of the liquid crystal display panel 22, resulting in a clearer and more vibrant display. Simultaneously, the alignment layer 2226 also exhibits good voltage retention, reducing image retention and flicker.

[0077] The sealant 2224 seals the liquid crystal molecules 2222, preventing leakage of the liquid crystal molecules 2222 or the entry of external contaminants into the liquid crystal cell 222. As a sealing barrier, the sealant 2224 protects the liquid crystal molecules 2222 from external environmental interference, thereby extending the service life of the liquid crystal cell 222.

[0078] For example, the surface of the common electrode layer 2223 facing the liquid crystal molecule 2222 may be provided with an alignment layer 2227.

[0079] In this embodiment, the alignment layer 2227 on the surface of the common electrode layer 2223 can be used to anchor a portion of the liquid crystal molecules 2222 near the common electrode layer 2223, so as to provide an initial alignment direction for these liquid crystal molecules 2222.

[0080] The liquid crystal cell 222 includes a first surface 2228 and a second surface 2229, which are disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell 222. The first surface 2228 is the surface of the pixel electrode layer 2221 facing away from the liquid crystal molecules 2222. The second surface 2229 is the surface of the common electrode layer 2223 facing away from the liquid crystal molecules 2222. For ease of description, the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell 222 is defined as the first direction. The thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell 222 is also the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0081] In this embodiment, an electric field can be formed between the pixel electrode layer 2221 and the common electrode layer 2223. Based on the electro-optic effect of the liquid crystal molecules 2222, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 2222 changes under the influence of the electric field, thereby affecting the polarization state of the light passing through the liquid crystal cell 222. By controlling the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 2222, the amount of light reflection can be precisely controlled, thereby displaying different images.

[0082] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the substrate circuit 221 is located on one side of the first surface 2228 of the liquid crystal cell 222. The side of the substrate circuit 221 facing away from the liquid crystal cell 222 can be fixedly connected to the housing 21 of the display device 20. The substrate circuit 221 is a metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit, and each switch is a CMOS transistor. The pixel electrode layer 2221 can be a conductive structure fabricated on the substrate circuit 221.

[0083] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 22 can be an LCOS display panel, which uses a CMOS chip as the circuit substrate and a reflective layer. Due to its reflective structure, the LCOS display panel has a high light utilization efficiency, reaching over 40%, and can produce higher brightness output. Achieving high brightness and high resolution does not require excessive power consumption, making LCOS display technology excellent in terms of energy saving.

[0084] The first transparent substrate layer 223 is located on one side of the second surface 2229 of the liquid crystal cell 222, and the first transparent substrate layer 223 faces the common electrode layer 2223 of the liquid crystal cell 222. The common electrode layer 2223 can be a conductive structure processed on the first transparent substrate layer 223.

[0085] The first transparent substrate 223 has a first optical axis. The first optical axis lies in the plane of the first transparent substrate 223 and is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first transparent substrate 223. For example, the material of the first transparent substrate 223 is a uniaxial material. The material of the first transparent substrate 223 may include uniaxial birefringent crystal materials such as sapphire (Al2O3) or silicon carbide (SiC). Sapphire has a thermal conductivity of approximately 32 W / m*K.

[0086] This application also investigates the effect of sapphire on the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0087] Table 1. Actual Contrast Ratio Measurements of Optomechanics on Substrates of Different Materials

[0088] F#: F number, also known as aperture number, is the ratio of focal length to entrance pupil diameter.

[0089] A-plate: A type of phase compensation plate in which the optical axis lies within the compensation plate surface.

[0090] C-plate: A type of phase compensation plate whose optical axis is perpendicular to the plane of the compensation plate.

[0091] x: The contrast value of the original system.

[0092] An F# of 2.1 corresponds to an optical cone angle of approximately 14°. As shown in the table above, for visible light applications, sapphire materials (C-plate and A-plate types) severely degrade the contrast of a 14° optical cone angle optical system, which is unacceptable in display systems. Only in scenarios where the incident light is highly collimated (larger F# and smaller optical cone angle), such as in laser processing, can the use of C-plate and A-plate types of sapphire guarantee usable contrast. Deviating too much from the ideal working angle will lead to a sharp drop in contrast.

[0093] To address the issue of reduced contrast in the liquid crystal display panel, this application adds a second transparent substrate layer 224. By setting the structure of the second transparent substrate layer 224, the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is improved, so that the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is within the normal operating range.

[0094] Referring again to Figure 3, the second transparent substrate layer 224 is connected to the side of the first transparent substrate layer 223 facing away from the liquid crystal cell 222. The material of the first transparent substrate layer 223 is the same as that of the second transparent substrate layer 224. The second transparent substrate layer 224 has a second optical axis, which lies in the plane in which the second transparent substrate layer 224 is located. The angle between the second optical axis and the first optical axis is within a preset angle range. The difference between the thickness of the second transparent substrate layer 224 and the thickness of the first transparent substrate layer 223 is within a preset difference range, wherein the direction of the thickness is the first direction.

[0095] In this embodiment, during the operation of the liquid crystal display panel 22, an electric field continuously acts on the liquid crystal molecules 2222 within the liquid crystal cell 222, causing changes in their arrangement. Some electrical energy is converted into heat energy, and some light energy is absorbed and converted back into heat, leading to an increase in the temperature of the liquid crystal cell 222. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 22 uses a transparent substrate with an optical axis instead of a conventional glass substrate. This avoids heat accumulation due to the low thermal conductivity of the glass substrate, preventing the temperature of the liquid crystal cell 222 from rising or exceeding the liquid crystal clearing point, without increasing the production cost of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0096] The temperature of the liquid crystal cell 222 can be dispersed to the external environment through the first transparent substrate layer 223 and the second transparent substrate layer 224. The transparent substrate layer with the optical axis has high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the first transparent substrate layer 223 and the second transparent substrate layer 224 can effectively conduct the heat of the liquid crystal cell 222, thereby controlling the temperature of the liquid crystal cell 222.

[0097] Since the first transparent substrate layer 223 with an optical axis generally has a birefringence effect, it can interfere with and disrupt the modulation of light by the liquid crystal cell 222. Therefore, this application eliminates the adverse effects of birefringence on the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel 22 by adjusting the double transparent substrate layers (first transparent substrate layer 223 and second transparent substrate layer 224).

[0098] The light emitted from the liquid crystal cell 222 is modulated by the liquid crystal cell 222 to form polarized light with a predetermined polarization direction. After passing through the first transparent substrate layer 223, the polarized light undergoes birefringence, generating ordinary light (O light) and extraordinary light (E light). Since the direction of the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate layer 223 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell 222, an interference effect occurs between the ordinary and extraordinary light during propagation, thus causing a change in the polarization state of the light. When the polarization state of the light changes, the effect of the light passing through the polarizer also changes.

[0099] When a certain area of ​​the liquid crystal display panel 22 needs to present a dark effect, the liquid crystal cell 222 can modulate the light. When the polarization direction of the polarizer of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the polarized light, the polarized light cannot pass through the polarizer. At this time, the image in that area of ​​the liquid crystal display panel 22 appears dark. If the first transparent substrate layer 223 changes the polarization state of the light, causing the polarization angle of some polarized light to change, even if the vibration direction of the polarized light is not completely consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer, as long as they are not perpendicular, the polarized light may still pass through the polarizer. This results in the brightness of the area of ​​the liquid crystal display panel 22 that needs to present a dark state becoming higher, leading to a decrease in the contrast of the entire image of the liquid crystal display panel 22, which in turn leads to a decrease in the color gradation of the liquid crystal display panel 22, affecting the user experience. Furthermore, it limits the application scenarios of the liquid crystal display panel 22. For professional applications that require high-precision color reproduction and detail performance (such as photography, design, medical, etc.), the low-contrast liquid crystal display panel 22 cannot meet the requirements.

[0100] The second optical axis of the second transparent substrate 224 of this application is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell 222 and forms a certain angle with the first optical axis. Therefore, the phase change of the polarized light passing through the second transparent substrate 224 can cancel out the phase change of the polarized light passing through the first transparent substrate 223. This ensures that the first transparent substrate 223 and the second transparent substrate 224 do not affect the modulation effect of the light emitted from the liquid crystal cell 222, allowing the liquid crystal display panel 22 to function normally. Thus, while ensuring that the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is not affected, the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is improved, enabling the liquid crystal display panel 22 to be used in high-power-density scenarios, such as high-brightness projection and laser processing.

[0101] In some possible implementations, the preset angle range between the first optical axis and the second optical axis is between 87° and 93° (inclusive of the endpoint values ​​of 87° and 93°). The material of the first transparent substrate 223 is the same as the material of the second transparent substrate 224.

[0102] In this embodiment, the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate 223 and the second optical axis of the second transparent substrate 224 can be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. Polarized light passing through the first transparent substrate 223 will exhibit ordinary and extraordinary ray beams due to birefringence. These ordinary and extraordinary ray beams will have a phase difference. According to the principle of birefringence, the plane formed by the propagation direction of light in the crystal and the crystal's optical axis is the principal plane. The polarization direction of the ordinary ray is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the extraordinary ray. The polarization direction of the ordinary ray is perpendicular to the principal plane, while the polarization direction of the extraordinary ray lies within the principal plane.

[0103] When the second optical axis of the second transparent substrate 224 is approximately perpendicular to the first optical axis of the first transparent substrate 223, the principal plane of the second transparent substrate 224 is approximately perpendicular to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 223. At this time, light rays whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 223 have their polarization direction within the principal plane of the second transparent substrate 224. Similarly, light rays whose polarization direction is within the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 223 have their polarization direction perpendicular to the principal plane of the second transparent substrate 224. That is, ordinary light within the first transparent substrate 223 has the same polarization direction as extraordinary light within the second transparent substrate 224. Therefore, according to the phase difference formula for ordinary and extraordinary light under birefringence: Δφ=2π / λ(n o -n e As can be seen from d, the phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the first transparent substrate layer 223 is positive and negative respectively compared with the phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the second transparent substrate layer 224.

[0104] Where Δφ represents the phase difference between the ordinary and extraordinary rays produced by the birefringence effect of light passing through the transparent substrate (first transparent substrate 223 or second transparent substrate 224). λ represents the wavelength of light in vacuum. o This represents the refractive index of ordinary light in the transparent substrate (first transparent substrate 223 or second transparent substrate 224). e This represents the refractive index of unusual light in the transparent substrate layer (first transparent substrate layer 223 or second transparent substrate layer 224). d represents the thickness of the transparent substrate layer (first transparent substrate layer 223 or second transparent substrate layer 224). For example, n of the sapphire material... o =1.768 (tolerance allowed), n e =1.760 (allowable tolerance).

[0105] According to the phase difference formula between ordinary and extraordinary rays due to birefringence: Δφ=2π / λ(n o -n e As can be seen from d, ensuring that the first transparent substrate 223 and the second transparent substrate 224 are made of the same material can make the refractive index of ordinary light in the first transparent substrate 223 the same as the refractive index of extraordinary light in the second transparent substrate 224, and make the refractive index of extraordinary light in the first transparent substrate 223 the same as the refractive index of ordinary light in the second transparent substrate 224. This allows the phase difference between the first transparent substrate 223 and the phase difference between the second transparent substrate 224 to be opposites, so that the phase difference of the light passing through the first transparent substrate 223 and the second transparent substrate 224 can cancel each other out.

[0106] In some possible implementations, the thickness range of the first transparent substrate 223 and the thickness range of the second transparent substrate 224 are between 0.1 mm and 1.5 mm (inclusive of the endpoint values ​​of 0.1 mm and 1.5 mm). The preset difference range of the difference between the thickness of the first transparent substrate 223 and the thickness of the second transparent substrate 224 is between -0.05 mm and 0.05 mm (inclusive of the endpoint values ​​of -0.05 mm and 0.05 mm).

[0107] In this embodiment, when the first transparent substrate layer 223 is too thin, the overall scratch and impact resistance of the liquid crystal display panel 22 is poor, making it susceptible to damage from external factors such as scratches or cracks. Furthermore, the excessively thin thickness of the first transparent substrate layer 223 makes it more prone to deformation or damage during processing, requiring higher manufacturing standards and increasing the production cost of the first transparent substrate layer 223.

[0108] Furthermore, if the first transparent substrate layer 223 is too thick, it will increase the overall weight and volume of the liquid crystal display panel 22, which is not conducive to the thinning and lightening of the liquid crystal display panel 22. In addition, a thicker first transparent substrate layer 223 will also increase the refraction and scattering of light, thereby reducing the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel 22 and thus affecting the display effect.

[0109] By keeping the first transparent substrate layer 223 within a thickness range of 0.1mm-1.5mm, the liquid crystal display panel 22 can be made as thin and light as possible while ensuring that the liquid crystal display panel 22 has strong impact resistance.

[0110] Furthermore, according to the phase difference formula between ordinary and extraordinary rays due to birefringence: Δφ=2π / λ(n o -n e As can be seen from d, the phase difference generated by light passing through the first transparent substrate 223 is proportional to its thickness. Making the thickness of the first transparent substrate 223 the same as or approximately the same as the thickness of the second transparent substrate 224 allows the phase difference between the first transparent substrate 223 and the second transparent substrate 224 to cancel each other out or essentially cancel each other out, thereby avoiding the generation of a phase difference in the transparent substrate and preventing it from affecting the modulation effect of the liquid crystal cell 222 on the light.

[0111] In some possible implementations, please refer to FIG5, which is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. The liquid crystal display panel 22 further includes a phase compensation film 226, which is connected to the surface of the first transparent substrate layer 223. Alternatively, the phase compensation film 226 is connected to the surface of the second transparent substrate layer 224.

[0112] In this embodiment, the core function of the phase compensation film 226 is to correct the phase difference generated by the liquid crystal pretilt angle or the liquid crystal cell 222 at various viewing angles. Liquid crystal molecules 2222 have birefringence, meaning they have different refractive indices for light waves in different directions, which causes a phase difference when light waves pass through the liquid crystal cell 222. The phase compensation film 226, through its specific optical properties, can symmetrically compensate for this phase difference, thereby improving the fidelity and depth of the image.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 3 again. The anti-reflection coating 225 (ARC) is attached to the surface of the second transparent substrate 224 that is away from the first transparent substrate 223.

[0114] In this embodiment, the anti-reflection layer 225 can reduce the reflection of light on the surface of the liquid crystal display panel 22, allowing more light to pass through the liquid crystal display panel 22, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel 22, and thus improving screen brightness, color reproduction and contrast, ensuring that users can obtain a clear and bright visual experience under different lighting conditions.

[0115] In addition, the anti-reflective layer 225 can effectively reduce the intensity of reflected light, thereby reducing glare or ghosting, making users more comfortable when viewing the display device 20 for a long time and reducing eye fatigue.

[0116] Furthermore, because the anti-reflective layer 225 reduces reflected light and glare, the visibility of the screen content on the liquid crystal display panel 22 is significantly improved. Users can see details and colors on the screen more clearly, enhancing the user experience in scenarios such as reading documents, watching videos, and playing games.

[0117] In a second possible embodiment, please refer to FIG6, which is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. Unlike the first possible embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 22 in this embodiment also includes a base 227.

[0118] The base 227 is provided with a mounting groove 2271, which is recessed from the surface of the base 227.

[0119] The second transparent base layer 224 is connected to the base 227, and the second transparent base layer 224 seals the opening of the mounting groove 2271 to form a sealed space.

[0120] For example, the surface of the second transparent substrate 224 facing the base 227 is provided with a first antireflective layer 2251. The surface of the second transparent substrate 224 away from the base 227 is provided with a second antireflective layer 2252. The second transparent substrate 224 can be connected to the antireflective layer 225 (the first antireflective layer 2251 and / or the second antireflective layer 2252) by means of adhesive, covalent bonding, etc.

[0121] In this embodiment, the first antireflective layer 2251 and the second antireflective layer 2252 can significantly reduce the reflection of light from the second transparent substrate 224, allowing more light to pass through the second transparent substrate 224 and enter the display area. This helps to improve the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel 22, making the displayed image brighter and clearer. At the same time, reducing reflectivity can also reduce the interference of ambient light on the displayed image, especially in strong light environments, which can significantly improve the visibility of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0122] The substrate circuit 221, the liquid crystal cell 222, and the first transparent substrate layer 223 are stacked sequentially. All three are located within a sealed space, with the first transparent substrate layer 223 facing the opening of the mounting groove 2271. The side of the substrate circuit 221 facing away from the liquid crystal cell 222 is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting groove 2271. The first transparent substrate layer 223 and the second transparent substrate layer 224 are spaced apart.

[0123] In this embodiment, the base 227 and the second transparent substrate layer 224 can form a sealed space. This isolates the liquid crystal cell 222 located within the sealed space from external water and oxygen, preventing moisture from corroding the internal circuit structure and liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal cell 222. This avoids performance degradation, short circuits, or failures of the circuit structure of the liquid crystal cell 222, ensuring the stability and reliability of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0124] For example, a third antireflective layer 2253 is provided on the surface of the first transparent substrate 223 facing away from the liquid crystal cell 222. The third antireflective layer 2253 is disposed at a distance from the first antireflective layer 2251.

[0125] In this embodiment, the third antireflective layer 2253 significantly reduces light reflection from the first transparent substrate 223, allowing more light to pass through the first transparent substrate 223 and enter the display area. This helps improve the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel 22, making the displayed image brighter and clearer. Simultaneously, reducing reflectivity also reduces interference from ambient light on the displayed image, especially in strong light environments, significantly improving the visibility of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0126] For example, please refer to FIG7, which is a schematic diagram of another structure of the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. The liquid crystal display panel 22 further includes a phase compensation film 226, which is connected between the second transparent substrate layer 224 and the second antireflection layer 2252.

[0127] In this embodiment, the core function of the phase compensation film 226 is to correct the phase difference generated by the liquid crystal cell 222 at various viewing angles. Liquid crystal molecules 2222 have birefringence, meaning they have different refractive indices for light waves in different directions, which causes a phase difference when light waves pass through the liquid crystal cell 222. The phase compensation film 226, through its specific optical properties, can symmetrically compensate for this phase difference, thereby improving image fidelity and clarity.

[0128] In the third possible embodiment, unlike the liquid crystal display panel 22 in the second possible embodiment, please refer to FIG8, which is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. The liquid crystal display panel 22 includes a separate functional body 2201 and a second substrate stack 2202.

[0129] The functional unit 2201 includes a substrate circuit 221, a liquid crystal cell 222, a first transparent substrate layer 223, and a third antireflective layer 2253. In the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 22, the substrate circuit 221, the liquid crystal cell 222, the first transparent substrate layer 223, and the third antireflective layer 2253 are stacked sequentially. The functions of the substrate circuit 221, the liquid crystal cell 222, the first transparent substrate layer 223, and the third antireflective layer 2253 can be found in the above description of these components. This application will not elaborate on the specific structure and function of the substrate circuit 221, the liquid crystal cell 222, the first transparent substrate layer 223, and the third antireflective layer 2253.

[0130] The surface of the substrate circuit 221 of the functional main body 2201 that faces away from the liquid crystal cell 222 can be connected to the housing 21 of the display device 20. The functional main body 2201 is a main structure capable of modulating polarized light.

[0131] The second substrate stack 2202 may include a second transparent substrate layer 224, a phase compensation film 226, a first antireflection layer 2251, and a second antireflection layer 2252. The first antireflection layer 2251, the second transparent substrate layer 224, the phase compensation film 226, and the second antireflection layer 2252 are stacked sequentially.

[0132] The specific structure and function of the second transparent substrate 224, phase compensation film 226, first antireflection layer 2251 and second antireflection layer 2252 can be found in the above description of the second transparent substrate 224, phase compensation film 226, first antireflection layer 2251 and second antireflection layer 2252. This application will not elaborate on the second transparent substrate 224, phase compensation film 226, first antireflection layer 2251 and second antireflection layer 2252 here.

[0133] The second substrate stack 2202 is disposed at a distance from the functional body 2201. The first antireflective layer 2251 of the second substrate stack 2202 faces the third antireflective layer 2253 of the functional body 2201. The first antireflective layer 2251 and the third antireflective layer 2253 are disposed at a distance.

[0134] The periphery of the second substrate stack 2202 can be fixedly connected to the housing 21 of the display device 20.

[0135] In this embodiment, the functional body 2201 and the second substrate stack 2202 can be processed and manufactured separately. Therefore, the functional body 2201 and the second substrate stack 2202 can be processed simultaneously, reducing the production time cost of the liquid crystal display panel 22 and accelerating the overall production progress of the liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0136] During the manufacturing process, the functional main body 2201 and the second substrate stack 2202 can be subjected to quality control separately, making it easier to locate the problem and take quick corrective measures, rather than making large-scale adjustments to the entire liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0137] Decomposing the liquid crystal display panel 22 into two sub-parts (functional body 2201 and second substrate stack 2202) helps control the volume and weight of each part, making transportation and storage more convenient. The smaller component structure is easier to protect during production and transportation, reducing damage caused by impacts or compression.

[0138] In the fourth possible embodiment, unlike the first possible embodiment, please refer to FIG9, which is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display panel 22 shown in FIG2. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 22 is an LCD display panel.

[0139] Specifically, the liquid crystal display panel 22 may include a first polarizer 231, a first transparent substrate 223, a liquid crystal cell 222, a second transparent substrate 224, and a second polarizer 232. Along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 22, the first polarizer 231, the first transparent substrate 223, the liquid crystal cell 222, the second transparent substrate 224, and the second polarizer 232 are stacked sequentially.

[0140] The second polarizer 232 of the liquid crystal display panel 22 can be oriented toward the backlight of the display device 20 (not shown).

[0141] In this embodiment, the second polarizer 232 can convert the light beam generated by the backlight into polarized light. When the natural light emitted by the backlight passes through the second polarizer 232, only the light rays whose vibration direction is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer can pass through, thus forming polarized light.

[0142] The second transparent substrate 224 is connected to the side of the second polarizer 232 facing away from the backlight. The second transparent substrate 224 can be a carrier substrate for the thin-film field-effect transistor (TFT) driving circuit of the LCD liquid crystal display panel 22.

[0143] The structure of the second transparent substrate 224 can be found in the description of the second transparent substrate 224 above. This application will not elaborate on the structure of the second transparent substrate 224 here.

[0144] The liquid crystal cell 222 is connected to the side of the second transparent substrate 224 opposite to the second polarizer 232. It should be noted that the specific structure of the liquid crystal cell 222 can be found in the description of the liquid crystal cell 222 above, and the structure of the liquid crystal cell 222 will not be described in detail here.

[0145] The liquid crystal display panel 22 also includes a driving circuit (not shown), which is connected to the second transparent substrate 224 and located on the side of the second transparent substrate 224 facing the liquid crystal cell 222. The driving circuit can be electrically connected to the pixel electrode layer 2221 of the liquid crystal cell 222. The driving circuit is a thin-film field-effect transistor (TFT) driving circuit, and each switching transistor is a thin-film field-effect transistor (TFT).

[0146] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 22 can be an LCD display panel using a TFT driving circuit. LCD display panels currently have lower manufacturing costs and higher cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, the manufacturing process for LCD display panels is quite mature, enabling efficient and stable production. This provides a high level of assurance in terms of quality and reliability for the LCD display panel.

[0147] The first transparent substrate layer 223 is connected to the side of the liquid crystal cell 222 opposite to the second transparent substrate layer 224. It should be noted that the structure of the first transparent substrate layer can be found in the description of the first transparent substrate layer 223 above, and this application will not repeat the structure of the first transparent substrate layer 223.

[0148] The first polarizer 231 is located on the side of the first transparent substrate 223 opposite to the liquid crystal cell 222.

[0149] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal cell 222 undergoes an orientation change under the influence of an electric field, thereby altering the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through it. The first polarizer 231 can selectively allow polarized light in a specific direction to pass through, creating a contrast between light and dark, thus producing a display image.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal display panel 22 further includes a light filter layer 233. The light filter layer 233 may be located between the common electrode layer 2223 of the liquid crystal cell 222 and the first transparent substrate layer 223.

[0151] In this embodiment, the filter layer 233 can precisely select a small range of light waves that are desired to pass through, while reflecting or absorbing other unwanted light waves. This selective filtering helps to enhance the clarity and color saturation of the display.

[0152] The above are exemplary embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that, include: A liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell including a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface being disposed opposite to each other along a first direction, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal cell; A first transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell. The first transparent substrate layer has a first optical axis, which is located in the plane of the first transparent substrate layer and is perpendicular to the first direction. A second transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell, or on one side of the second surface of the liquid crystal cell. The second transparent substrate layer has a second optical axis, which is located in the plane in which the second transparent substrate layer is located. The angle between the second optical axis and the first optical axis is within a preset angle range. The difference between the thickness of the second transparent substrate layer and the thickness of the first transparent substrate layer is within a preset difference range. The direction of the thickness is the first direction.

2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset angle range is between 87° and 93°.

3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset difference range is between -0.05mm and 0.05mm.

4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the first transparent substrate layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.

5. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The materials of the first transparent substrate layer and the second transparent substrate layer are uniaxial materials.

6. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material of the first transparent substrate layer is the same as the material of the second transparent substrate layer.

7. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel also includes a substrate circuit, which is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell. The substrate circuit is a metal oxide transistor (CMOS) integrated circuit, and each switching transistor is a metal oxide transistor (CMOS). The second transparent substrate layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate layer that is away from the liquid crystal cell.

8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel also includes a base, the base having a mounting groove, the mounting groove being recessed from the surface of the base; The second transparent substrate layer is connected to the base and seals the opening of the mounting groove to form a sealed space. The substrate circuit, the liquid crystal cell, and the first transparent substrate layer are all located within the sealed space, and the first transparent substrate layer faces the opening of the mounting groove.

9. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel further includes a phase compensation film, which is connected to the surface of the first transparent substrate layer, or the phase compensation film is connected to the surface of the second transparent substrate layer.

10. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second transparent substrate layer is located on one side of the first surface of the liquid crystal cell; The liquid crystal display panel further includes a driving circuit, which is connected to the second transparent substrate and located on the side of the second transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal cell. The driving circuit is a thin-film field-effect transistor (TFT) driving circuit, and each switching transistor is a thin-film field-effect transistor (TFT).

11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizer, which is located on the side of the first transparent substrate away from the liquid crystal cell.

12. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel further includes a second polarizer, which is located on the side of the second transparent substrate away from the driving circuit.

13. The liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The liquid crystal cell includes a pixel electrode layer, liquid crystal molecules, a common electrode layer, and a frame adhesive. The pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer are stacked together. The frame adhesive is sealed between the pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer, forming a sealed space. The liquid crystal molecules are located within the sealed space, and the common electrode layer faces the first transparent substrate layer.

14. A display device, characterized in that, It includes a housing and a liquid crystal display panel as described in any one of claims 1-13, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is mounted on the housing.

15. The display device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first transparent substrate layer is connected to the liquid crystal cell, the side of the liquid crystal cell opposite to the first transparent substrate layer is connected to the housing, the second transparent substrate layer is located on the side of the first transparent substrate layer opposite to the liquid crystal cell, the second transparent substrate layer is spaced apart from the first transparent substrate layer, and the second transparent substrate layer is connected to the housing.

16. A means of transportation, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and a liquid crystal display panel as described in any one of claims 1-13, wherein the liquid crystal display panel is mounted on the vehicle body.

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