Ambient internet-of-things random access enhancement for code division multiplexing
By incorporating a CDM sequence in the random access message, the method addresses the issue of tag missed detections and inefficient resource utilization in A-IoT systems, achieving improved communication efficiency and reduced latency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QUALCOMM INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
Smart Images

Figure CN2025072410_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
AMBIENT INTERNET-OF-THINGS RANDOM ACCESS ENHANCEMENT FOR CODE DIVISION MULTIPLEXINGFIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications at a reader wireless device, including ambient internet-of-things (A-IoT) random access enhancement for code division multiplexing (CDM) .BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0003] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.
[0004] A method for wireless communications by a reader wireless device is described. The method may include receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first code division multiplexing (CDM) sequence and a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH) payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure, transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, and communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0005] A reader wireless device for wireless communications is described. The reader wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to receive a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure, transmit a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, and communicate one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0006] Another reader wireless device for wireless communications is described. The reader wireless device may include means for receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure, means for transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, and means for communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure, transmit a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, and communicate one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0008] Some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving control signaling indicating the sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure and associated with the set of multiple CDM sequences.
[0009] Some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a first message indicating to include the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, where reception of the first random access message may be based on transmission of the first message.
[0010] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a preamble, a midamble, or a postamble of the first random access message includes the first CDM sequence.
[0011] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the PDRCH payload includes the first CDM sequence.
[0012] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the PDRCH payload includes a random identifier (random ID) associated with the random access procedure.
[0013] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first CDM sequence may be based on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random ID.
[0014] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the random ID includes a random number sequence including 8 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, or 32 bits.
[0015] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the PDRCH payload includes a device identifier (device ID) associated with the wireless tag device, data, or any combination thereof.
[0016] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the random access response message further includes an indication of a device ID or a random ID, the random access response message indicating successful decoding of the first random access message.
[0017] In some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the random access response message indicates unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload based on absence of a device ID or a random ID in the random access response message.
[0018] Some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via the one or more resources, the second random access message, the second random access message including the PDRCH payload or a second PDRCH payload.
[0019] Some examples of the method, reader wireless devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first message including a second CDM sequence, where the second CDM sequence may be one of a second set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a second sequence codebook corresponding to a second random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a second wireless tag device, transmitting a first response message, where the first response message includes a second sequence identifier indicating reception of the second CDM sequence in the first message, receiving a second random access message associated with the second random access procedure, where the second random access message includes a second PDRCH payload, and communicating one or more second messages based on reception of the second random access message associated with the second random access procedure.
[0020] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIGs. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that support ambient internet-of-things (A-IoT) random access enhancement for code division multiplexing (CDM) in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 3 shows an example of a message diagram that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 4 shows an example of a process flow that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIGs. 5 and 6 show block diagrams of devices that support A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIGs. 9 and 10 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In some wireless communications systems, such as ambient internet of things (A-IoT) systems, relatively low complexity devices, such as tag wireless devices (e.g., tags) , may pair with reader wireless devices (e.g., readers) to communicate. In some A-IoT systems, many tags may communicate with a reader. In order to initiate communication, a tag and a reader may perform a random access procedure. The tag may send a first random access message (e.g., Msg1) to the reader, which may include a 16 bit random identifier (e.g., random ID, RN) . The reader may send a random access response message (e.g., Msg2) echoing that random ID. In some cases, after receiving the random access response message, the tag may transmit another random access message (e.g., Msg3) , which may include a device identifier (e.g., device ID) , data, or both.
[0029] In some cases, the random ID may be a random sequence chosen by the tag and there may be some probability that multiple tags may use the same random ID. This may lead to missed detection of tags. For example, if a first tag and a second tag both send a random access message with the same random ID during an access occasion, the reader may acknowledge or receive the first tag, but may send a response echoing the random ID that both the first tag and the second tag may receive. The second tag may proceed as if reception of the random access message has been successful, but the reader may not actually communicate with the second tag, leading to a tag missed detection. When the random ID length is a large quantity of bits, the probability of two tags using the same random ID may be relatively small. For example, if the random ID is 16 bits, the probability of two tags using the same random ID may be relatively
[0030] In some A-IoT systems, it may be beneficial to apply code division multiplexing (CDM) to the random access message with the random ID, such as for reducing latency and improving the utilization of network resources. However, due to codebook size limitations, a CDM message length may be limited to a small quantity of bits, such as 8 bits. If the random ID length is 8 bits, the probability that two tags may use the same random ID may be much higher (e.g., ) , which may lead to increased tag missed detections.
[0031] The techniques described herein may support a tag including a CDM sequence as part of a random access message, or transmitting a CDM sequence prior to a random access procedure. For example, a CDM sequence may be carried in a first part of the random access message (e.g., Msg1 or Msg3 of the random access procedure) , while the rest of the random access message, or a second part of the random access message, may include a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH) payload (e.g., random access identifier (e.g., random ID) , device ID, data, or the like) . That is, the tag may transmit, to a reader, a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload via the random access message (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) . The reader may transmit a random access response message (e.g., Msg2, Msg4) echoing the CDM sequence and, in some cases (e.g., Msg2) , the random ID. Thus, the A-IoT system may benefit from the CDM sequence, and may not increase, or may reduce, the probability of a tag missed detection. Additionally, or alternatively, the tag may transmit the CDM sequence prior to a random access message (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) and the reader may echo the CDM sequence before beginning or continuing the random access procedure.
[0032] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems, message diagrams, and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM.
[0033] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105) , one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0034] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, a network node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link (s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link (s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0035] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105) , as shown in FIG. 1.
[0036] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0037] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link (s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link (s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0038] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0039] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105) , such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU) , such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU) , such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0040] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) , or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.
[0041] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node (s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station) . The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node (s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) . IAB node (s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node (s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB node (s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node (s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104 or components of the IAB node (s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0042] For instance, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communications between access nodes (e.g., an IAB donor) , IAB node (s) 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130) . That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include one or more of a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170, in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link) . The IAB donor and IAB node (s) 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., an F1 AP protocol) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs (e.g., including a CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of another portion of a backhaul link.
[0043] IAB node (s) 104 may refer to RAN nodes that provide IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhauling capabilities) . A DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards child nodes associated with the IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards parent nodes associated with IAB node (s) 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node in communication with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for UEs through other IAB node (s) 104) . Additionally, or alternatively, IAB node (s) 104 may also be referred to as parent nodes or child nodes to other IAB node (s) 104, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. The IAB-MT entity of IAB node (s) 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) to receive signaling from a parent IAB node (e.g., the IAB node (s) 104) , and a DU interface (e.g., a DU 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node to signal to a child IAB node or UE 115.
[0044] For example, IAB node (s) 104 may be referred to as parent nodes that support communications for child IAB nodes, or may be referred to as child IAB nodes associated with IAB donors, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired or wireless connection (e.g., backhaul communication link (s) 120) to the core network 130 and may act as a parent node to IAB node (s) 104. For example, the DU 165 of an IAB donor may relay transmissions to UEs 115 through IAB node (s) 104, or may directly signal transmissions to a UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal communication link establishment via an F1 interface to IAB node (s) 104, and the IAB node (s) 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions to the UEs 115 relayed from the IAB donor) through one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) . That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB node (s) 104 via signaling via an NR Uu interface to MT of IAB node (s) 104 (e.g., other IAB node (s) ) . Communications with IAB node (s) 104 may be scheduled by a DU 165 of the IAB donor or of IAB node (s) 104.
[0045] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180) .
[0046] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.
[0047] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0048] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link (s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link (s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link (s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105) .
[0049] The communication link (s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .
[0050] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular RAT (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) . Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.
[0051] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0052] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (ΔfmaxNf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0053] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0054] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0055] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE) .
[0056] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID) , a virtual cell identifier (VCID) ) . In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.
[0057] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) ) that may provide access for different types of devices.
[0058] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105) . In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105) . The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.
[0059] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be relatively low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0060] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently) . In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 may include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
[0061] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0062] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0063] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0064] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0065] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0066] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0067] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0068] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link (s) 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0069] In some wireless communications systems, such as ambient internet of things (A-IoT) systems, relatively low complexity devices, such as tag wireless devices (e.g., tags) , may pair with reader wireless devices (e.g., readers) to communicate. In some A-IoT systems, many tags may communicate with a reader. In some cases, the reader may be an example of a UE 115. In order to initiate communication, a tag and a reader may perform a random access procedure. The tag may send a first random access message (e.g., Msg1) to the reader, which may include a 16 bit random identifier (e.g., random ID, RN) . The reader may send a random access response message (e.g., Msg2) echoing that random ID. After receiving the random access response message, the tag may transmit another random access message (e.g., Msg3) , which may include a device ID or data.
[0070] In some cases, as the random ID may be a random sequence chosen by the tag, there may be some probability that multiple tags may use the same random ID. This may lead to missed detection of tags. For example, if a first tag and a second tag both send a random access message with the same random ID, the reader may acknowledge or receive the first tag, but may send a response echoing the random ID that both the first tag and the second tag may receive. The second tag may proceed as if reception of the random access message procedure has been successful, but the reader may not actually communicate with the second tag, leading to a missed detection. When the random ID is a large quantity of bits, the probability of two tags using the same random ID may be relatively small. For example, if the random ID is 16 bits, the probability of two tags using the same random ID may be
[0071] In some A-IoT systems, it may be beneficial to apply CDM to the random access message with the random ID, such as for reducing latency and improving the utilization of network resources. However, due to codebook size limitations, a CDM message may be limited to a smaller quantity of bits, such as 8 bits. If the random ID is 8 bits, then the chances that two tags may use the same random ID may be much higher (e.g., ) , which may lead to an increase in tag missed detections.
[0072] In some wireless communications systems 100, the tag may include a CDM sequence as part of a random access message, or prior to a random access procedure. For example, a CDM sequence may be carried in a first part of a random access message (e.g., the Msg1 or Msg3 of the random access procedure) , while the rest of the random access message, or a second part of the random access message, may include a PDRCH payload (e.g., random access identifier (e.g., random ID) , device ID, data, or the like) . That is, a tag may transmit, to a reader, a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload via a random access message (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) . The reader may transmit a random access response message (e.g., Msg2, Msg4) echoing the CDM sequence and, in some cases (e.g., Msg2) , the random ID. Thus, the A-IoT system may benefit from the CDM sequence, but may not increase, or may reduce, the probability of a tag missed detection. Additionally, or alternatively, the tag may transmit the CDM sequence prior to a random access message (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) and the reader may echo the CDM sequence before beginning or continuing the random access procedure.
[0073] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include one or more network entities 105, including at least the network entity 105-a, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described herein, including with reference to FIG. 1. The techniques described herein in the context of the wireless communications system 200 may support a reader 205-a and a tag 210-a to include a CDM sequence as part of a random access procedure within an A-IoT system.
[0074] In some wireless communication systems 200, such as A-IoT systems, reader wireless devices (e.g., readers 205) and wireless tag devices (e.g., tags 210) may communicate. In some cases, the readers 205 and tags 210 may use radio frequency identification (RFID) to identify other readers 205 and tags 210 with which to communicate. In some examples, a tag 210-a may be relatively simple in structure, such as an envelope detector or carrier waveform reader. A reader 205-a, which may include one or more antennas, may transmit information to a tag 210-a via a forward link 215. The tag 210-a may transmit information to the reader 205-a via a backward link 220. In some cases, the tag 210-a may be powered based on transmissions from the reader 205-a. For example, the reader 205-a may send some electromagnetic (EM) signal, which may be backscattered by the tag 210-a.
[0075] In some A-IoT systems (e.g., zero power (ZP) IoT) , a network entity 105-a may communicate directly with the tag 210-a, such as via uplink and downlink transmissions. In some A-IoT systems (e.g., ZP IoT) , a network entity 105-a may communicate with the reader 205-a, such as via an access (Uu) link 225. In some cases, a UE, such as a UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1, may act as the reader 205-a. The reader 205-a may then communicate with the tag 210-a (e.g., via forward link 215 and backward link 220) . In some examples, the reader 205-a may be considered a relaying device, such as a sidelink relay, although the reader 205-a may not communicate with the tag 210-a via sidelink. In some cases, the tag 210-a may communicate via backscattering. Additionally, or alternatively, the tag 210-a may be capable of energy harvesting and energy storage. In some cases, the tag 210-a may communicate via internally generated signals.
[0076] That is, an A-IoT system may support multiple devices. For example, one type of device may include a first device (e.g., device 1) that may have a peak power consumption on the order of 1 μW, may support energy storage, may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10x ppm (e.g., x may be determined based on one or more rules, conditions, or standardized practices) , and may support neither downlink nor uplink amplification. An uplink transmission from the first device may be backscattered n a carrier wave that may be provided externally. A second device (e.g., device 2a, device 2b) may operate with a larger peak power consumption than the first device (e.g., less than or equal to a few hundred μW) , may support energy storing, may have an initial SFO up to 10x ppm, and may support downlink amplification, uplink amplification, or both. A first type of the second device (e.g., device 2b) may internally generate an uplink transmission. An uplink transmission by a second type of the second deice (e.g., device 2b) may be backscattered on a carrier wave that may be provided externally. Table 1 may provide one or more examples of the devices that the A-IoT may support. Table 1: Example of Devices in an A-IoT System
[0077] In some wireless communications systems 200, devices may join an A-IoT system using a three step, contention-based A-IoT access procedure. For example, an A-IoT device, such as a tag 210-a, may transmit, to a reader 205-a, a random access message 235 (e.g., A-IoT Msg1, Msg1) , which may include a random ID (e.g., 16 bit random ID) that may be generated by the tag 210-a. The reader 205-a may transmit a random access response message 240 (e.g., A-IoT Msg2, Msg2) , which may echo the random ID received in the random access message 235. The tag 210-a may receive the random access response message 240, which may include the same random ID as the random access message 235. Based on receiving the random access response message 240 with the random ID, the tag 210-a may determine that the contention resolution was successful. In some cases, the size of the random ID (e.g., 16 bits) may be sufficient for contention resolution. That is, the random ID may be large enough that it may be relatively improbable that multiple tags 210 may use the same random ID during a same access occasion. In some cases, the random access response message 240 may indicate one or more resources for transmission of a random access message 245 (e.g., A-IoT Msg3, Msg3) . The tag 210-a may transmit the random access message 245, which may include a device ID associated with the tag 210-a and, additionally, or alternatively, other upper layer data, which may be dependent on an upper layer request.
[0078] In some implementations, the reader 205-a may send a response message 250 (e.g., reader-to-device (R2D) message, A-IoT Msg4, Msg4) that may indicate whether the random access message 245 may be successfully received by the reader 205-a. That is, the reader 205-a may transmit a response message 250, which may include feedback (e.g., ACK / NACK) related to the reception of the random access message 245. In some cases, the response message 250 may act as a trigger message. In some implementations, a reader 205-a may trigger the transmission of the random access message 235. That is, the reader 205-a may transmit an initial trigger message (e.g., paging message, Msg0) to the tag 210-a, which may trigger the tag 210-a to perform the random access contention procedure (e.g., transmission of the random access message 235) . In some implementations, the reader 205-a and the tag 210-a may perform the random access contention procedure in multiple rounds.
[0079] In some wireless communications systems 200, devices may join the A-IoT system using a two-step contention-based A-IoT access procedure. For example, an A-IoT device, such as a tag 210-a, may transmit a random access message 235 (e.g., A-IoT Msg1, Msg1) to the reader 205-a. The random access message 235 may include a device ID and other upper layer data (e.g., depending on an upper layer request) , in addition to the random ID (e.g., 16 bit random ID) that may be generated by the tag 210-a. The reader 205-a may transmit the random access response message 240 that may echo the random ID received in the random access message 235. As in the three-step access procedure, the tag 210-a may consider the contention resolution successful if the random access response message 240 indicates that the random access message 235 was received by the reader 205-a, such as by including the received random ID in the random access response message 240. In some cases, if the random access response message 240 is not received by the tag 210-a, the tag may autonomously re-perform the access procedure (e.g., may perform re-access) . In other cases, if the random access response message 240 is not received by the tag 210-a, the tag may not autonomously re-perform the access procedure. That is, the re-access may be controlled by the reader 205-a. For example, the reader 205-a may trigger the tag 210-a to perform the access or re-access procedure.
[0080] In some wireless communications systems 200, there may be some chance that multiple devices, such as tags 210, may perform an access procedure using a same random ID. However, these chances may be relatively small. For example, in a new radio (NR) system, a device, such as a UE may use a contention resolution identity (CRI) , which may be transmitted in a third message and echoed in a fourth message of an access procedure. The CRI length may be a large quantity of bits, such as 48 bits. The probability of the same CRI being used by multiple UEs to perform an access procedure with the network entity 105-a may be very small (e.g., zero or close to zero) . Additionally, or alternatively, in an RFID system, a wireless device, such as a tag 210-a, may use a random ID (e.g., random number (RN) ) , which may be a 16 bit random ID, to perform an access procedure. The possibility that two tags 210 may generate and use the same random ID may be for a 16 bit random ID. If two tags 210 use the same random ID for an access procedure, a missed tag detection may occur.
[0081] In some cases, a missed tag detection may be an example of a contention resolution failure. More specifically, the tag 210-a may determine that the random access message 235 and, in some examples, the random access message 245, were successfully received by the reader 205-a. However, the reader 205-a may not actually have successfully received the random access message 235 and, in some examples, the random access message 245. For example, the tag 210-a and a second tag may each transmit the same random access message 235 (e.g., with the same random ID) via a same access occasion. The reader 205-a may receive the two random access messages with different received powers. That is, the message sent from the second tag may be received by the reader with a greater received power than the random access message 235 sent by the tag 210-a. Since both tags (e.g., the second tag and the tag 210) may use the same random ID in the same access opportunity, the reader 205-a may register or “hear” the second tag, and may not register or “hear” the tag 210-a. The reader 205-a may transmit the random access response message 240 echoing the random ID, which the second tag and the tag 210-a may receive. The tag 210-a may receive the random access response message 240 and may assume that the access procedure and contention resolution may be successful, and may communicate accordingly. However, the reader 205-a may not actually “hear” the tag 210-a, and thus the tag 210-a may not be able to communicate with the reader 205-a. This may result in a missed tag detection, where the tag 210-a fails to perform the contention resolution procedure successfully. However, the probability that two tags may use a same random ID, resulting in a missed tag detection, such as for the tag 210-a, may be for a 16 bit random ID.
[0082] In some wireless communications systems 200, it may be beneficial to apply or use a CDM sequence with the random access message 235. For example, a CDM message may reduce latency and improve communication reliability in the wireless communications system 200. In some implementations, applying CDM to the random access message 235 may limit the quantity of bits in the random access message 235. For example, due to one or more limitations, such as codebook limitations, a CDM random access message 235 may carry a maximum of 8 bits (e.g., for a codebook size with 28 sequences) . However, reducing the quantity of bits for the random access message 235 may increase the chance of a missed tag detection. For example, the probability that two tags may use the same 8 bit random ID may be or which may be much greater than for a 16 bit random ID (e.g., ) . Further, introducing a codebook size that may accommodate a 16 bit random access message 235 (e.g., a codebook size with 216 sequences) may not be feasible, as the codebook size may be too large.
[0083] In some wireless communications systems 200, a tag 210-a may include a CDM sequence as part of a random access message 235, or prior to a random access procedure, as described further with reference to FIG. 3. For example, the CDM sequence may be carried in a first part of the random access message 235 or the random access message 245, while the rest of the random access message 235 or 245, or a second part of the random access message 235 or 245, may include a PDRCH payload (e.g., random access identifier (e.g., random ID) , device ID, data, or the like) . That is, the tag 210-a may transmit, to the reader 205-a, a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload via the random access message 235 or, additionally, or alternatively, via the random access message 245 (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) . The reader may transmit a random access response message 240 or a response message 250 (e.g., Msg2, Msg4) echoing the CDM sequence and, in some cases (e.g., random access message 235, Msg2) , the random ID. Thus, the A-IoT system may benefit from the CDM sequence while still implementing an increased quantity of bits than may be supported by the CDM codebook size, and thus may not increase or may reduce the probability of a tag missed detection. Additionally, or alternatively, the tag 210-a may transmit the CDM sequence prior to a random access message 235 or 245 (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) and the reader 205-a may echo the CDM sequence before beginning or continuing the random access procedure. That is, the CDM sequence may be transmitted by the tag 210-a as a standalone message, prior to initiating the random access procedure.
[0084] FIG. 3 shows an example of a message diagram 300 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The message diagram 300 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications systems 100 and 200. For example, the message diagram 300 may include one or more random access messages 305, which may be examples of corresponding messages as described herein, including with reference to FIG. 2. The techniques described herein in the context of the message diagram 300 may support a reader and a tag to include a CDM sequence 310 as part of a random access procedure within an A-IoT system.
[0085] In some implementations, a random access message 305 may be an example of a first random access message in a random access procedure (e.g., Msg1, A-IoT Msg1) . The random access message 305 may include a random CDM sequence 310, which may be chosen from a CDM codebook. The random access message 305 may also include a PDRCH payload 315, which may include a random ID, a tag ID (e.g., device ID) , upper layer A-IoT data, or any combination thereof. For example, the CDM sequence 310 may be contained in a preamble of the random access message 305 (e.g., a preamble of the PDRCH) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CDM sequence may be included in a midamble or postamble of the random access message 305. In other cases, the CDM sequence 310 may be included in the PDRCH payload 315. In some cases, the random ID may be included in the PDRCH payload 315.
[0086] In some cases, the CDM codebook (e.g., from which the CDM sequence 310 may be chosen) may be pre-defined or pre-configured, or may be dynamically configured from a reader via an inventory trigger (e.g., Msg0, A-IoT paging) . That is, in some cases, a network entity may indicate the codebook via control signaling 230. In some examples, the codebook may include sequence times or code domain lengths, indications of each sequence, a total quantity of sequences, or any combination thereof.
[0087] In some cases, the random ID length may be 16 bits. For example, the PDRCH payload 315 may include the 16 bit-long random ID. In some examples, the CDM sequence 310 may be chosen from 64 sequences. In some examples, the random access message may be at least 22 bits (e.g., 6 bits for the CDM sequence 310, 16 bits for the random ID in the PDRCH payload 315) . In other cases, the random ID length may be 8 bits, 24 bits, 32 bits, or other quantities of bits. In some examples, the random ID length may be some quantity of bits (e.g., y bits) and the random access message 305 length may be a total of 16 bits. The CDM sequence 310 may be chosen from a codebook with some quantity of sequence numbers based on the random ID length (e.g., 216-y sequence number) . For example, the PDRCH payload 315 may include an 8 bit random ID. The CDM sequence 310 may be chosen from 256 (e.g., 28) sequences. That is, the random access message 305 may be a total length of 16 bits (e.g., 16 bits of information entropy) , with 8 bits for the random ID in the PDRCH payload 315 and 8 bits for the CDM sequence 310.
[0088] In some cases, the reader may configure whether the tag may include the CDM sequence 310 in the random access message 305 via a message (e.g., paging message, Msg0) , where the message may be transmitted from the reader to the tag prior to the transmission of the random access message 305. In some examples, the indication to include the CDM sequence 310 may be explicit (e.g., one or more bits in the message) . Additionally, or alternatively, the indication to include the CDM sequence 310 may be implicitly indicated. For example, the tag may determine to include the CDM sequence 310 in the random access message 305 based on an allocated device-to-reader (D2R) resource length or a target device type. That is, in some examples, the resource time domain length may be longer if a CDM sequence 310 may be included in the random access message 305 than if the CDM sequence 310 may not be included in the random access message 305. In some cases, including the CDM sequence 310 in the random access message 305 may be supported by specific devices, such as devices that may be able to internally generate an uplink or backlink transmission (e.g., device 2b, as described with reference to FIG. 2) .
[0089] In some implementations, a random access message 305 may be an example of a third random access message in a random access procedure (e.g., Msg3, A-IoT Msg3) . The random access message 305 may include a random CDM sequence 310, which may be chosen from a codebook. The random access message 305 may also include a device ID associated with a tag that may transmit the random access message 305, upper layer data, or both. In some cases, the CDM sequence 310 may be included in a preamble, midamble, or postamble of the random access message 305. In other cases, the CDM sequence 310 may be included in the PDRCH payload 315. In some cases, the PDRCH payload 315 may include the device ID, data (e.g., upper layer data) , a random ID, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the CDM codebook (e.g., from which the CDM sequence 310 may be chosen) may be pre-defined or pre-configured, or may be dynamically configured from a reader via an inventory trigger (e.g., Msg0, A-IoT paging) . In some examples, the codebook may include sequence times or code domain lengths, indications of each sequence, a total quantity of sequences, or any combination thereof.
[0090] In some cases, the reader may configure whether the tag may include the CDM sequence 310 in the random access message 305 via a message (e.g., paging message, Msg0, Msg2) , where the message may be transmitted from the reader to the tag prior to the transmission of the random access message 305. In some examples, the indication to include the CDM sequence 310 may be explicit (e.g., one or more bits in the message) . Additionally, or alternatively, the indication to include the CDM sequence 310 may be implicitly indicated. In some cases, including the CDM sequence 310 in the random access message 305 may be supported by specific devices, such as devices that may be able to internally generate an uplink or backlink transmission (e.g., device 2b, as described with reference to FIG. 2) .
[0091] As described herein, the random access message 305 may be a first random access message or a third random access message. In some cases, the reader may successfully decode both the CDM sequence 310 and PDRCH payload 315 for the random access message 305, which may be the first random access message or the third random access message. The reader may echo an index associated with the CDM sequence 310, as well as the random ID (e.g., if the random access message 305 includes the random ID, Msg1) , in a response message proceeding the random access message 305 (e.g., random access response message, Msg2, Msg4) . For example, the response message may include an index of the CDM sequence 310 received in the prior random access message 305 or received in a prior transmission. The response message may act as feedback or an ACK for the random access message 305. The response message may also indicate resources for new transmission. In other cases, the reader may successfully decode the CDM sequence 310, but may not successfully decode the PDRCH payload 315. The reader may echo the index associated with the CDM sequence index in the response message (e.g., the response message may include the CDM sequence) , which may act as feedback or a NACK for the PDRCH payload 315. The response message may indicate resources for the tag to use for re-transmission of the PDRCH payload 315. In some examples, the PDRCH payload 315 may include the random ID. For retransmission, the tag may retransmit the PDRCH payload 315 with a new random ID. That is, the tag may generate a new random ID for retransmission of the random access message 305 or portions of the random access message 305. In some cases, the response message may indicate whether the tag should perform retransmission (e.g., the proceeding message is denoted as a NACK) , or may indicate a new transmission. In some cases, the response message may be a second random access message (e.g., Msg2) , or a random access response message. The random access response message may indicate what the tag may transmit in the third random access message, such as a device ID associated with the tag, upper layer data, a new random ID, or the like.
[0092] In some implementations, a tag may transmit the CDM sequence prior to transmitting a first random access message 305 or a third random access message 305 of a random access procedure. That is, the CDM sequence 310 may be transmitted as a standalone message, prior to transmission of the random access message 305. In some cases, the CDM sequence 310 may be used to select the tag for pre-contention resolution (e.g., prior to initiation of the A-IoT random access procedure) . In some cases, the reader may send a message that may echo the index of the CDM sequence 310 to indicate successful decoding of the CDM sequence 310. After receiving the indication, the tag may send the random access message 305. In some examples, the reader may also indicate, in the message that may echo the index of the CDM sequence (e.g., the message may include or otherwise indicate the CDM sequence index) , one or more contents to include in the random access message 305 (e.g., random ID, device ID, upper layer data, another CDM sequence 310, or any combination thereof) .
[0093] In some cases, the CDM codebook (e.g., from which the CDM sequence 310 may be chosen) may be pre-defined or pre-configured, or may be dynamically configured from a reader via a trigger message (e.g., Msg0, A-IoT paging) . For example, the trigger message may indicate a CDM codebook for a tag to use. In some examples, the codebook may include sequence times or code domain lengths, indications of each CDM sequence, a total quantity of CDM sequences, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the reader may configure (e.g., via a control message or a trigger message) whether the tag may transmit the CDM sequence 310 prior to in the random access message 305 via a message (e.g., paging message, Msg0, Msg2) , where the message may be transmitted from the reader to the tag prior to the transmission of the message with the CDM sequence 310. In some examples, the indication to transmit the message with the CDM sequence 310 may be explicit (e.g., one or more bits in the message) . Additionally, or alternatively, the indication to include the CDM sequence 310 may be implicitly indicated. In some cases, including the CDM sequence 310 in a message prior to the random access message 305 may be supported by specific devices, such as devices that may be able to internally generate an uplink or backlink transmission (e.g., device 2b, as described with reference to FIG. 2) .
[0094] FIG. 4 shows an example of a process flow 400 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 400 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications systems 100 and 200, as well as the message diagram 300. For example, the process flow 400 may include one or more network entities 105, readers 205, and tags 210, including at least the network entity 105-a, the reader 205-b, and the tag 210-b, which may be examples of corresponding devices as described herein, including with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. The techniques described herein in the context of the process flow 400 may support the tag 210-b to include a CDM sequence as part of a random access procedure with the reader 205-b.
[0095] In some implementations, at 405, the reader 205-b (e.g., reader wireless device) may receive, from the network entity 105-b, control signaling that may indicate a sequence codebook corresponding to a random access procedure between the reader 205-b and the tag 210-b and associated with a plurality of CDM sequences, as described further at 415.
[0096] In some implementations, at 410, the reader 205-b may transmit, to the tag 210-b (e.g., wireless tag device) , a first message (e.g., Msg0, paging message) indicating to include a first CDM sequence in a first random access message (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) , as described further at 415. In some cases, the first message may include an indication of the sequence codebook, as described at 405.
[0097] At 415, the reader 205-b may receive the first random access message associated with the random access procedure between the reader 205-b and the tag 210-b, where the first random access message may include a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence may be one of a plurality of CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. In some cases, the sequence codebook may be the sequence codebook as described at 405, and the plurality of CDM sequences may be the plurality of CDM sequences as described at 405. In some cases, reception of the first random access message may be based on transmission of the first message, as described at 410. In some cases, a preamble, a midamble, or a postamble of the first random access message may include the first CDM sequence. In other cases, the PDRCH payload may include the first CDM sequence. In some cases, the PDRCH payload may include a random ID associated with the random access procedure. In some examples, the first CDM sequence may be based on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random ID. In some examples, the random ID may include a random number sequence including 8 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, or 32 bits. In some cases, the PDRCH payload may include a device ID associated with the tag 210-b, data (e.g., upper layer data) , or any combination thereof.
[0098] In some implementations, at 420, the tag 210-b may select the first CDM sequence from the plurality of CDM sequences associated with the sequence codebook, as described at 405, based on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random ID, as described at 415.
[0099] At 425, the reader 205-b may transmit a random access response message (e.g., Msg2, Msg4) associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, as described at 415, where the random access response message may include a sequence identifier (e.g., sequence index) that may indicate reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. In some cases, the random access response message may include an indication of a device ID or a random ID, where the random access response message may indicate successful decoding of the first random access message. In other cases, the random access response message may indicate unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload based on absence of a device ID or a random ID in the random access response message. In some examples, the random access response message may indicate one or more resources associated with a second random access message, as described at 430, in accordance with the unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload.
[0100] In some implementations, at 430, the reader 205-b may receive, via the one or more resources, the second random access message (e.g., Msg3) , where the second random access message may include the PDRCH payload or a second PDRCH payload.
[0101] At 435, the reader 205-b may communicate one or more messages based at least in part on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure, as described at 425. For example, the reader 205-b and the tag 210-b may complete a random access procedure to establish a connection and subsequently exchange data via the connection.
[0102] Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, at 440, the reader 205-b may receive a first message that may include a second CDM sequence, where the second CDM sequence may be one of a second plurality of CDM sequences associated with a second sequence codebook corresponding to a second random access procedure between the reader 205-b and the tag 210-b.
[0103] In some implementations, at 445, the reader 205-b may transmit a first response message, where the first response message may include a second sequence identifier (e.g., sequence index) indicating reception of the second CDM sequence in the first message.
[0104] In some implementations, at 450, the reader 205-b may receive a second random access message associated with the second random access procedure (e.g., Msg1, Msg3) , where the second random access message may include a second PDRCH payload. That is, the tag 210-b may transmit the CDM sequence as a standalone first message, as at 440, and the tag 210-b may then transmit the second random access message at 450, which may not include a CDM sequence.
[0105] In some implementations, at 455, the reader 205-b, and the tag 210-b, may communicate one or more second messages based on reception of the second random access message, as described at 450, associated with the second random access procedure. The operations described at 440-455 may be performed alongside one or more of the operations described at 405-435, or may be performed separately from one or more of the operations described at 405-435.
[0106] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 or a reader 205 (e.g., reader wireless device) as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. That is, the device 505 may include one or more processors, memory coupled with the one or more processors, and instructions stored in the memory that are executable by the one or more processors to enable the one or more processors to perform the random access enhancement features discussed herein. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0107] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0108] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM) . In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0109] The communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0110] In some examples, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0111] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code) . If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0112] In some examples, the communications manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0113] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0114] By including or configuring the communications manager 520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 505 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources, reduced latency, and improved utilization of processing capability.
[0115] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of a device 505, a UE 115, or a reader 205 (e.g., reader wireless device) as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communications manager 620. The device 605, or one or more components of the device 605 (e.g., the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, the communications manager 620) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0116] The receiver 610 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0117] The transmitter 615 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 605. For example, the transmitter 615 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM) . In some examples, the transmitter 615 may be co-located with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0118] The device 605, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a random access message manager 625, a random access response message manager 630, a message communication manager 635, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both. For example, the communications manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610, send information to the transmitter 615, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0119] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The random access message manager 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. The random access response message manager 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The message communication manager 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0120] In some cases, the random access message manager 625, the random access response message manager 630, and the message communication manager 635 may each be or be at least a part of a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, or a radio processor, or a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) . The processor may be coupled with memory and execute instructions stored in the memory that enable the processor to perform or facilitate the features of the random access message manager 625, the random access response message manager 630, and the message communication manager 635 discussed herein. A transceiver processor may be collocated with and / or communicate with (e.g., direct the operations of) a transceiver of the device. A radio processor may be collocated with and / or communicate with (e.g., direct the operations of) a radio (e.g., an NR radio, an LTE radio, a Wi-Fi radio) of the device. A transmitter processor may be collocated with and / or communicate with (e.g., direct the operations of) a transmitter of the device. A receiver processor may be collocated with and / or communicate with (e.g., direct the operations of) a receiver of the device.
[0121] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a communications manager 720 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 720 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520, a communications manager 620, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 720, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720 may include a random access message manager 725, a random access response message manager 730, a message communication manager 735, a control signaling manager 740, a CDM sequence inclusion message manager 745, a CDM sequence message manager 750, a response message manager 755, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0122] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The random access message manager 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. The random access response message manager 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The message communication manager 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0123] In some examples, the control signaling manager 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating the sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure and associated with the set of multiple CDM sequences.
[0124] In some examples, the CDM sequence inclusion message manager 745 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first message indicating to include the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, where reception of the first random access message is based on transmission of the first message.
[0125] In some examples, a preamble, a midamble, or a postamble of the first random access message includes the first CDM sequence.
[0126] In some examples, the PDRCH payload includes the first CDM sequence.
[0127] In some examples, the PDRCH payload includes a random ID associated with the random access procedure.
[0128] In some examples, the first CDM sequence is based on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random ID.
[0129] In some examples, the random ID includes a random number sequence including 8 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, or 32 bits.
[0130] In some examples, the PDRCH payload includes a device ID associated with the wireless tag device, data, or any combination thereof.
[0131] In some examples, the random access response message further includes an indication of a device ID or a random ID, the random access response message indicating successful decoding of the first random access message.
[0132] In some examples, the random access response message indicates unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload based on absence of a device ID or a random ID in the random access response message.
[0133] In some examples, the random access message indicates one or more resources associated with a second random access message in accordance with the unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH channel payload, and the random access message manager 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via the one or more resources, the second random access message, the second random access message including the PDRCH payload or a second PDRCH payload.
[0134] In some examples, the CDM sequence message manager 750 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first message including a second CDM sequence, where the second CDM sequence is one of a second set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a second sequence codebook corresponding to a second random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a second wireless tag device. In some examples, the response message manager 755 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first response message, where the first response message includes a second sequence identifier indicating reception of the second CDM sequence in the first message. In some examples, the random access message manager 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second random access message associated with the second random access procedure, where the second random access message includes a second PDRCH payload. In some examples, the message communication manager 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating one or more second messages based on reception of the second random access message associated with the second random access procedure.
[0135] In some cases, the random access message manager 725, the random access response message manager 730, the message communication manager 735, the control signaling manager 740, the CDM sequence inclusion message manager 745, the CDM sequence message manager 750, and the response message manager 755 may each be or be at least a part of a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, or a radio processor, or a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) . The processor may be coupled with memory and execute instructions stored in the memory that enable the processor to perform or facilitate the features of the random access response message manager 730, the message communication manager 735, the control signaling manager 740, the CDM sequence inclusion message manager 745, the CDM sequence message manager 750, and the response message manager 755 discussed herein
[0136] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of or include components of a device 505, a device 605, a UE 115, or a reader 205 (e.g., reader wireless device) as described herein. The device 805 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof) . The device 805 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 810, a transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, at least one memory 830, code 835, and at least one processor 840. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845) .
[0137] The I / O controller 810 may manage input and output signals for the device 805. The I / O controller 810 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 805. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 805 via the I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 810.
[0138] In some cases, the device 805 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 805 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 815 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 825 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 815 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 825. The transceiver 815, or the transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be an example of a transmitter 515, a transmitter 615, a receiver 510, a receiver 610, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0139] The at least one memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 835. The code 835 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 840, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 840 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 830 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0140] The at least one processor 840 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 840. The at least one processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM) . For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 coupled with or to the at least one processor 840, the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 configured to perform various functions described herein.
[0141] In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 830 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 840) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 830) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 840 or a processing system including the at least one processor 840 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 805 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 835 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 830 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0142] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0143] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved coordination between devices, and improved utilization of processing capability.
[0144] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 815, the one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 820 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 840, the at least one memory 830, the code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 835 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM as described herein, or the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0145] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 900 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE (e.g., a reader wireless device) or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by a UE 115 or a reader 205 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE or reader may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or reader to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE or reader may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0146] At 905, the method may include receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between a reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure. The operations of 905 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a random access message manager 725 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0147] At 910, the method may include transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The operations of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by a random access response message manager 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0148] At 915, the method may include communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure. The operations of 915 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 may be performed by a message communication manager 735 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0149] FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1000 that supports A-IoT random access enhancement for CDM in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE (e.g., a reader wireless device) or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by a UE 115 or reader 205 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE or reader may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE or reader to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE or reader may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0150] At 1005, the method may include transmitting a first message indicating to include a first CDM sequence in a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device. The operations of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed by a CDM sequence inclusion message manager 745 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0151] At 1010, the method may include receiving the first random access message associated with the random access procedure between the reader wireless device and the wireless tag device, where the first random access message includes the first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, where the first CDM sequence is one of a set of multiple CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure, and where reception of the first random access message is based on transmission of the first message, as at 1005. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a random access message manager 725 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0152] At 1015, the method may include transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based on reception of the first random access message, where the random access response message includes a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message. The operations of 1015 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1015 may be performed by a random access response message manager 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0153] At 1020, the method may include communicating one or more messages based on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure. The operations of 1020 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1020 may be performed by a message communication manager 735 as described with reference to FIG. 7.
[0154] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0155] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a reader wireless device, comprising: receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, wherein the first random access message comprises a first CDM sequence and a PDRCH payload, and wherein the first CDM sequence is one of a plurality of CDM sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure; transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based at least in part on reception of the first random access message, wherein the random access response message comprises a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first CDM sequence in the first random access message; and communicating one or more messages based at least in part on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.
[0156] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving control signaling indicating the sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure and associated with the plurality of CDM sequences.
[0157] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, further comprising: transmitting a first message indicating to include the first CDM sequence in the first random access message, wherein reception of the first random access message is based at least in part on transmission of the first message.
[0158] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein a preamble, a midamble, or a postamble of the first random access message comprises the first CDM sequence.
[0159] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises the first CDM sequence.
[0160] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a random ID associated with the random access procedure.
[0161] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the first CDM sequence is based at least in part on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random ID.
[0162] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 6 through 7, wherein the random ID comprises a random number sequence comprising 8 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, or 32 bits.
[0163] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a device ID associated with the wireless tag device, data, or any combination thereof.
[0164] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein the random access response message further comprises an indication of a device ID or a random ID, the random access response message indicating successful decoding of the first random access message.
[0165] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein the random access response message indicates unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload based at least in part on absence of a device ID or a random ID in the random access response message.
[0166] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the random access response message indicates one or more resources associated with a second random access message in accordance with the unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload, and further comprising: receiving, via the one or more resources, the second random access message, the second random access message comprising the PDRCH payload or a second PDRCH payload.
[0167] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, further comprising: receiving a first message comprising a second CDM sequence, wherein the second CDM sequence is one of a second plurality of CDM sequences associated with a second sequence codebook corresponding to a second random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a second wireless tag device; transmitting a first response message, wherein the first response message comprises a second sequence identifier indicating reception of the second CDM sequence in the first message; receiving a second random access message associated with the second random access procedure, wherein the second random access message comprises a second PDRCH payload; and communicating one or more second messages based at least in part on reception of the second random access message associated with the second random access procedure.
[0168] Aspect 14: A reader wireless device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 13.
[0169] Aspect 15: A reader wireless device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 13.
[0170] Aspect 16: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 13.
[0171] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0172] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0173] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0174] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU) , a neural processing unit (NPU) , an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0175] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0176] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0177] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0178] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0179] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) , and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0180] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.
[0181] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0182] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A reader wireless device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to:receive a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, wherein the first random access message comprises a first code division multiplexing sequence and a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH) payload, and wherein the first code division multiplexing sequence is one of a plurality of code division multiplexing sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure;transmit a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based at least in part on reception of the first random access message, wherein the random access response message comprises a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first code division multiplexing sequence in the first random access message; andcommunicate one or more messages based at least in part on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.2.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to:receive control signaling indicating the sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure and associated with the plurality of code division multiplexing sequences.3.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to:transmit a first message indicating to include the first code division multiplexing sequence in the first random access message, wherein reception of the first random access message is based at least in part on transmission of the first message.4.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein a preamble, a midamble, or a postamble of the first random access message comprises the first code division multiplexing sequence.5.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises the first code division multiplexing sequence.6.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a random identifier associated with the random access procedure.7.The reader wireless device of claim 6, wherein the first code division multiplexing sequence is based at least in part on a quantity of bits corresponding to the random identifier.8.The reader wireless device of claim 6, wherein the random identifier comprises a random number sequence comprising 8 bits, 16 bits, 24 bits, or 32 bits.9.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a device identifier associated with the wireless tag device, data, or any combination thereof.10.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the random access response message further comprises an indication of a device identifier or a random identifier, the random access response message indicating successful decoding of the first random access message.11.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the random access response message indicates unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload based at least in part on absence of a device identifier or a random identifier in the random access response message.12.The reader wireless device of claim 11, wherein the random access response message indicates one or more resources associated with a second random access message in accordance with the unsuccessful decoding of the PDRCH payload, and wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to:receive, via the one or more resources, the second random access message, the second random access message comprising the PDRCH payload or a second PDRCH payload.13.The reader wireless device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the reader wireless device to:receive a first message comprising a second code division multiplexing sequence, wherein the second code division multiplexing sequence is one of a second plurality of code division multiplexing sequences associated with a second sequence codebook corresponding to a second random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a second wireless tag device;transmit a first response message, wherein the first response message comprises a second sequence identifier indicating reception of the second code division multiplexing sequence in the first message;receive a second random access message associated with the second random access procedure, wherein the second random access message comprises a second PDRCH payload; andcommunicate one or more second messages based at least in part on reception of the second random access message associated with the second random access procedure.14.A method for wireless communications at a reader wireless device, comprising:receiving a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between the reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, wherein the first random access message comprises a first code division multiplexing sequence and a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH) payload, and wherein the first code division multiplexing sequence is one of a plurality of code division multiplexing sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure;transmitting a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based at least in part on reception of the first random access message, wherein the random access response message comprises a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first code division multiplexing sequence in the first random access message; andcommunicating one or more messages based at least in part on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.15.The method of claim 14, further comprising:receiving control signaling indicating the sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure and associated with the plurality of code division multiplexing sequences.16.The method of claim 14, further comprising:transmitting a first message indicating to include the first code division multiplexing sequence in the first random access message, wherein reception of the first random access message is based at least in part on transmission of the first message.17.The method of claim 14, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a random identifier associated with the random access procedure.18.The method of claim 14, wherein the PDRCH payload comprises a device identifier associated with the wireless tag device, data, or any combination thereof.19.The method of claim 14, wherein the random access response message further comprises an indication of a device identifier or a random identifier, the random access response message indicating successful decoding of the first random access message.20.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:receive a first random access message associated with a random access procedure between a reader wireless device and a wireless tag device, wherein the first random access message comprises a first code division multiplexing sequence and a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH) payload, and wherein the first code division multiplexing sequence is one of a plurality of code division multiplexing sequences associated with a sequence codebook corresponding to the random access procedure;transmit a random access response message associated with the random access procedure based at least in part on reception of the first random access message, wherein the random access response message comprises a sequence identifier indicating reception of the first code division multiplexing sequence in the first random access message; andcommunicate one or more messages based at least in part on transmission of the random access response message associated with the random access procedure.