Polyurethane-urea elastomer and its production process
A multi-component polyaspartic ester-based polyurethane-urea system addresses curing speed and flexibility issues by using solvent-free, catalyst-enhanced prepolymers for controlled curing, achieving fast curing with long pot life and enhanced mechanical properties in elastomer applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EVONIK OPERATIONS GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing polyurethane elastomer systems face challenges with fast curing speeds and handling difficulties due to the high reactivity of aliphatic amines, leading to viscosity increases and flexibility issues, while aromatic amines provide slow curing and toxicity concerns, and polyaspartic esters with polyisocyanates result in yellowing and solvent content limitations, making them unsuitable for elastomer processes.
A novel multi-component composition using polyaspartic ester-based prepolymers with balanced reactivity and pot life, incorporating isocyanate-terminated prepolymers and isocyanate-reactive components, which are solvent-free and catalyst-enhanced for controlled curing, ensuring flexibility and toughness.
The solution achieves fast curing with long pot life, non-yellowing properties, and improved mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance for elastomer applications, while eliminating toxicity and solvent-related hazards.
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Abstract
Description
Polyurethane-urea elastomer and its production processTechnical Field
[0001] The invention relates to polyaspartic ester based multi-component composition used in application of elastomers, especially for artificial leather application.Background art
[0002] For non-yellowing type polyurethane elastomers, which perform excellent color stability to UV light or sunlight exposure, and excellent weathering resistance in related end applications, aliphatic or alicyclic isocyanates are key raw materials. But due to the low reactivity of aliphatic isocyanates when react with hydroxyl compounds, it is difficult to realize fast curing or low temperature curing in industrial process. The catalyst accelerating effect is limited and related application is also limited.
[0003] Some highly reactive chemicals like aliphatic amines can be used to improve reactivity. In EP3514189B1, aliphatic amines show very high reactivity to isocyanates and polyisocyanates when used in the formulation. However, the very fast reaction makes the curing process difficult to control or adjust. Therefore, the application condition is very limited, such as by using special device like injection head, or by reducing the dosage of aliphatic amine in the formulation.
[0004] It is known that polyaspartic esters are used as high performance materials in two component coating formulation, typically cured with polyisocyanates, for example HDI-trimer crosslinkers. The related system is also called as a polyurea or polyaspartic coating. Polyaspartic esters can provide performance enhancement to finished coatings. Because of the steric hindrance effect of substituted group of secondary amine moiety, the reactivity of polyaspartic esters is much lower than typical primary or secondary aliphatic amines. Thus, they enable easier control on curing speed when blending with isocyanates. The curing time window and pot life of formulation blend can be easily adjusted according to application requirements.
[0005] Current industrial application of polyaspartic esters most only focus on tow component type of coatings, and polyaspartic esters are usually used to react with polyisocyanates, like isocyanate homopolymers, typically like HDI-trimer. But for elastomer process the curing speed of these combinations is too fast, the viscosity increases quickly after mixing the polyaspartic esters and polyisocyanates, and cause difficulty of handling in casting process of elastomers, and multi-functionality of polyisocyanates which is thermal setting type crosslinker, also make crosslinking of polymer then affect the flexibility and thermal plastic properties. Therefore it is limited to improve the process performance when polyaspartic esters are used with polyisocyanate (homopolymer of diisocyanates) . The present invention find the method to use polyaspartic ester as building block for high performance polymer without polyisocyanates.
[0006] In WO2007050542A1, polyaspartic esters are used as a secondary amine with low content in total formulation, and as major component for their formulation, aromatic amines are used. Aromatic amines can provide very low reactivity and long pot life. Therefore, for casting process, the curing speed is very slow, and it takes such long time baking as 16 hours with preheating 2 to 4 hours, even in the presence of catalysts, to complete the curing. Besides, nowadays the users show higher concern of toxicity of those aromatic amines.
[0007] To balance the good reactivity and pot life, CN116178671A keeps aromatic isocyanate (MDI) and polyisocyanate (HDI-trimer) to react with polyaspartic esters for fast curing at 120-140℃ in 8-15 min, for non-yellowing artificial leather applications. But MDI still bring the defect of yellowing limit of PU system. In addition, polyaspartic esters have not been used to form the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer.
[0008] In WO2023249854A1, a kind of prepolymer end capped with polyaspartic esters was used in 2K solvent based adhesives, curing with polyisocyanates. Isocyanate terminated prepolymers were synthesized in first step and then end capped with polyaspartic esters, by their defined reaction ratio as NCO: NH equivalent ratio of 1 : 1.5 to 1 : 5. But this type of composition can not be used for elastomer process, because it contains high content of solvent. And excessive polyaspartic esters in finished prepolymer part just react with polyisocyanate in crosslinker part as typical combination of 2K polyaspartic system, so the disadvantages of this typical system also remained, and it is not suitable for elastomer production process.Summary of the invention
[0009] The invention relates to a novel multi-component composition based on polyaspartic esters, especially with polyaspartic based prepolymers, which shows many advantages compared with current typical two component polyurethane system or typical polyaspartic system, including excellent mechanical strength, good toughness with high flexibility, good abrasion resistance, good solvent resistance and chemical resistance for elastomer applications.
[0010] This invention uses polyaspartic esters as key building blocks of polyurethane prepolymers, their secondary amine groups generate less hydrogen bonding within polymer chains, so the bulk viscosity of synthesized prepolymer can be much lower if compared with typical primary diamines. Polyaspartic esters can be introduced into main chain of prepolymer as high performance building blocks. It can be used as a new type of chain extender of prepolymer, which performs good reactivity and has a medium molecular weight, with good balanced properties of flexibility and toughness. The prepolymer designed based on polyaspartic esters can ensure the certain initial high molecular weight of polymer chain, integrated with high content of aspartic esters unit for high performance and medium viscosity for easily handling in process. The reactivity of prepolymer is adjustable so the fast curing and long pot life can be balanced easily. The invention does not use aromatic amines as raw materials, which reduces the concern on high toxicity of such materials.
[0011] Other advantages of the present invention would be apparent for a person skilled in the art upon reading the specification.
[0012] The multi-component composition of the present invention comprises:
[0013] (A) at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer comprising the reaction product of, based on the weight of component (A) :
[0014] (a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with
[0015] (b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and
[0016] (c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :
[0017] wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and
[0018] R1 and R2 each independently represent a C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group; and
[0019] (B) an isocyanate-reactive component comprising:
[0020] (1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000; and
[0021] (2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms,
[0022] at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.
[0023] The polyurethane-urea of the present invention comprises the reaction product of:
[0024] (A) at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer comprising the reaction product of, based on the weight of component (A) :
[0025] (a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with
[0026] (b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and
[0027] (c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :
[0028] wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and
[0029] R1 and R2 independently represent C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group;
[0030] with
[0031] (B) an isocyanate-reactive component comprising:
[0032] (1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000; and
[0033] (2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms; and
[0034] optionally, in the presence of
[0035] (C) one or more catalysts,
[0036] at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.
[0037] It is preferred that component (A) comprises the reaction product of, based on the weight of component (A) : 25-60 wt%of diisocyanate of (A) (a) with 20-60 wt%of hydroxy-terminated polymer of (A) (b) and 10-35 wt%of polyaspartic ester of (A) (c) .
[0038] Preferably, the component (B) comprises 20-95 wt%of (B) (1) and 5-80 wt%of (B) (2) , based on the total weight of component (B) .
[0039] Preferably, said multi-component composition includes no solvent. Therefore, it makes VOC free process and better handling safety possible. For example, the multi-component composition may has less than 1 wt. %, for example, less than 0.9wt. %, 0.8wt. %, 0.7wt. %, 0.6wt. %, preferably less than 0.5wt. %, for example less than 0.4wt. %, 0.3wt. %, 0.2wt. %, more preferably less than 0.1wt. %, for example less than 0.09wt. %, 0.08wt. %, 0.07wt. %, 0.06wt. %, 0.05wt. %, 0.04wt. %, 0.03wt. %, 0.02wt. %, 0.01wt. %of solvent based on the total weight of the multi-component composition.
[0040] The present invention is also directed to a process for producing the polyurethane-urea as described above.
[0041] The process for producing the polyurethane-urea of the present invention comprises:
[0042] I. producing a component (A) by reaction of, based on the weight of component (A) :
[0043] (a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with
[0044] (b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and
[0045] (c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :
[0046] wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and
[0047] R1 and R2 independently represent C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group;
[0048] II. producing a component (B) by mixing, based on the weight of component (B) :
[0049] (1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 20-95 wt%; and
[0050] (2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms: 5-80 wt%;
[0051] and
[0052] III. reacting the component (A) with the component (B) , optionally in the presence of (C) one or more catalysts, wherein (I) and (II) are interchangeable in sequence, at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.Detailed description of the invention
[0053] Component (A) is an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer based on polyaspartic ester. Component (A) can be formed, for example, by reacting the diisocyanate (A) (a) , hydroxy-terminated polymer (A) (b) having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and polyaspartic ester (A) (c) under a nitrogen blanket, and heating to a temperature of from about 50 to about 130℃, preferably from about 70 to about 100℃ for between 2 and 12 hours, preferably between 4 and 8 hours. The reaction is monitored by %NCO titration according to DIN EN ISO 11909. Other suitable processes for the preparation of prepolymers, which are known, can also be used.
[0054] Diisocyanate
[0055] As the diisocyanate, any known diisocyanate with two isocyanate groups can be used, and examples thereof include aromatic diisocyanate, aliphatic diisocyanate and alicyclic diisocyanate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0056] Aromatic diisocyanates include, for example, toluene diisocyanate (2, 4-or 2, 6-toluene diisocyanate or mixtures thereof) (TDI) , phenylene diisocyanate (m-, p-phenylene diisocyanate or mixtures thereof) , 4, 4′-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1, 5-naphthalenediisocyanate (NDI) , diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4, 4′-, 2, 4′-or 2, 2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate or mixtures thereof) (MDI) , 4, 4′-toluidine diisocyanate (TODI) , 4, 4′-diphenyl ether diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate (1, 3-or 1, 4-xylylene diisocyanate or mixtures thereof) (XDI) , tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate (1, 3-or 1, 4-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate or mixtures thereof) (TMXDI) , ω, ω'-diisocyanate-1, 4-diethylbenzene, and the like.
[0057] Examples of aliphatic diisocyanates include trimethylene diisocyanate, 1, 2-propylene diisocyanate, butylene diisocyanate (tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1, 2-butylene diisocyanate, 2, 3-butylene diisocyanate, 1, 3-butylene diisocyanate) , 1, 5-pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI) , 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) , 2, 4, 4-or 2, 2, 4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and the like.
[0058] Examples of alicyclic diisocyanates include 1, 3-cyclopentane diisocyanate, 1, 3-cyclopentene diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate (1, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1, 3-cyclohexane diisocyanate) , 3-isocyanatomethyl -3, 5, 5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (isophorone diisocyanate) (IPDI) , methylene bis (cyclohexylisocyanate) (4, 4'-, 2, 4'-or 2, 2'-methylene bis (cyclohexyl isocyanate) , trans, trans-, trans, cis-, cis, cis-, or mixtures thereof) ) (H12MDI) , methylcyclohexane diisocyanate (methyl-2, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, methyl-2, 6-cyclohexane diisocyanate) , norbornane diisocyanate (various isomers or mixtures thereof) (NBDI) , bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (1, 3-or 1, 4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane or mixtures thereof) (H6XDI) , etc..
[0059] The following are preferably used, alone or in mixtures: isophorone diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, 4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, trimethylhexane-1, 6-diisocyanate, 1, 3 (or 1, 4) -bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, toluene diisocyanate, 4, 4’ -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 3 (or 1, 4) -bis (isocyanatomethyl) benzene, m-xylylene diisocyanate.
[0060] Particularly preferred are isophorone diisocyanate, 4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and 4, 4’ -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, alone or in mixtures.
[0061] Component (A) (b)
[0062] Component (A) (b) , the hydroxy-terminated polymer, has at least two hydroxyl terminal groups. Hydroxy-terminated polymers suitable for component (A) (b) preferably have a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) from about 400 to about 6000 g / mol, according to DIN 55672-1.
[0063] According to the present invention, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and the number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymers are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) according to DIN 55672-1 using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) calibration standards using the following measurement conditions:
[0064] Eluent: tetrahydrofuran (THF) , stabilized with 0.01%-0.04%BHT
[0065] Operation temperature: 40 ℃
[0066] Column: TSKgel SuperMultipore HZ-M, 4.6mm I.D. ×15 cm (TOSOH, Japan) .
[0067] Flow rate: 0.35 mL / min
[0068] Injected volume: 20 μL
[0069] Instrument: Shodex GPC101 consisting of an autosampler, pump and column oven
[0070] Detection device: a refractive index detector from Shodex.
[0071] Suitable component for (A) (b) can be a polyester polyol having preferably the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) from 400-6000 g / mol, more preferably from 1000-3000 g / mol. For polyester polyol, the following are preferably used, alone or in mixtures: poly neopentyl glycol adipate diol, poly 1, 4-butanediol adipate diol, poly 1, 6-hexanediol adipate diol, poly ethylene glycol adipate diol, poly methyl propylene glycol adipate diol, poly diethylene glycol adipate diol or poly butylene glycol methyl propylene glycol adipate diol.
[0072] Suitable component for (A) (b) can be a polycarbonate polyol having preferably the Mw from 400-6000 g / mol.
[0073] Suitable component for (A) (b) can be a polyether polyol having preferably the Mw from 500-6000 g / mol, more preferably from 1000-3000 g / mol. For polyether polyol, the following are preferably used, alone or in mixtures: polypropylene oxide glycol, di-or tri-hydroxyl functional polypropylene oxide glycol or polytetramethylene ether glycol.
[0074] Suitable component for (A) (b) can be a polycaprolactone polyol having preferably the Mw from 400-6000 g / mol.
[0075] Suitable component for (A) (b) can also be a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene.
[0076] It is also possible that mixtures of the above mentioned kinds of polymers can be used as component (A) (b) .
[0077] Preferably, (A) (b) is selected from the group consisting of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polycarbonate diol, a polycaprolactone diol, a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene or a mixture thereof, preferably a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol or a mixture thereof.
[0078] Polyether polyols and polyester polyols are particularly preferred, alone or in mixtures.
[0079] Component (A) (c)
[0080] Suitable polyaspartic esters are used to be as component (A) (c) in accordance with the present invention. Suitable polyaspartic esters include those corresponding to the general formula (I) :
[0081] wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and R1 and R2 independently represent C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group.
[0082] In the above formula, R is preferably selected from the group consisting of 1, 5-pentyl, 1, 6-hexyl, isophoronyl, dicyclohexylmethane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-dicyclohexylmethane, trimethylhexyl, cyclohexanedimethyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, m-xylyl, or derived from polyetheramine (D230 or D400) , preferably selected from the group consisting of dicyclohexylmethane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-dicyclohexylmethane.
[0083] Those polyaspartic esters corresponding to the general formula (I) may be prepared by reacting the diamine NH2-R-NH2 with maleic or fumaric diesters. Said maleic or fumaric diesters are products of maleic or fumaric acid or anhydride reacted with alcohols R1-OH and R2-OH.
[0084] In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, component (B) may, for example, comprise, based on the weight of component (B) :
[0085] (1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 20-95 wt%, preferably 25-75 wt%; and
[0086] (2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms: 5-80 wt%, preferably 15-55 wt%.
[0087] Component (B) (1)
[0088] In accordance with the present invention, component (B) (1) comprises at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups. These hydroxy-terminated polymers preferably have a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) from about 400 to about 6000 g / mol, according to DIN 55672-1.
[0089] Suitable component for (B) (1) can be a polyester polyol having preferably the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) from 400-6000 g / mol, more preferably from 1000-3000 g / mol. For polyester polyol, the following are preferably used, alone or in mixtures: poly neopentyl glycol adipate diol, poly 1, 4-butanediol adipate diol, poly 1, 6-hexanediol adipate diol, poly ethylene glycol adipate diol, poly methyl propylene glycol adipate diol, poly diethylene glycol adipate diol or poly butylene glycol methyl propylene glycol adipate diol.
[0090] Suitable component for (B) (1) can be a polycarbonate polyol having preferably the Mw from 400-6000 g / mol.
[0091] Suitable component for (B) (1) can be a polyether polyol having preferably the Mw from 500-6000 g / mol, more preferably from 1000-3000 g / mol. For polyether polyol, the following are preferably used, alone or in mixtures: polypropylene oxide glycol, di-or tri-hydroxyl functional polypropylene oxide glycol or polytetramethylene ether glycol.
[0092] Suitable component for (B) (1) can be a polycaprolactone polyol having preferably the Mw from 400-6000 g / mol.
[0093] Suitable component for (B) (1) can also be a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene.
[0094] It is also possible that mixtures of the above mentioned kinds of polymers can be used as component (B) (1) .
[0095] Polyether polyols and polyester polyols are particularly preferred, alone or in mixtures.
[0096] Preferably, (B) (1) is selected from the group consisting of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polycarbonate diol, a polycaprolactone diol, a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene or a mixture thereof, preferably a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol or a mixture thereof.
[0097] Component (B) (2)
[0098] Hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms is used to be as component (B) (2) of the present invention. Suitable hydroxy compounds having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms include diols, triols, and higher alcohols with 12 or less carbon atoms.
[0099] Component (B) (2) is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1, 2 (or 1, 3) -propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, methyl propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, as well as mixtures thereof.
[0100] Catalysts (C)
[0101] Suitable catalysts (C) to accelerate the curing reaction include organic tin catalysts, such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyl tin diacetate, tin (II) chloride, tin (II) ethylhexanoate, dibutylbis (dodecylthio) tin, or organic zinc catalysts, such as zinc acetate, zinc hexanoate, zinc ethylhexanoate, zinc laurate, zinc stearate, or organic bismuth catalysts, such as bismuth methylhexanate, bismuth octoate, or organic zirconium catalysts, such as zirconium acetate, zirconium octoate, zirconium acetylacetonate. Dibutyltin dilaurate, zinc ethylhexanoate and bismuth octoate are particularly preferred.
[0102] Any of the above-mentioned catalysts may, of course, be used as mixtures.
[0103] The catalyst (C) is typically used in a amount ranging from 0-5 wt%, preferably from 0.1-3.5 wt%, based on the weight of component (B) . The catalyst (C) is preferably added to the component (B) and blended with the component (B) thoroughly to obtain a premix.
[0104] Curing
[0105] The curing process for the polyurethane-urea of the present invention preferably comprises below key steps:
[0106] 1.) Mix the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer component (A) with component (B) without a catalyst or mix the component (A) with component (B) and catalysts (C) , preferably mix the component (A) with the premix obtained by blending the component (B) with catalysts (C) homogenously;
[0107] 2.) Heat the mixture obtained from the step 1. ) at 100-160℃, preferably 120-150℃ for 3 min to 60 min, preferably 5 min to 15 min.
[0108] The cured material of above aspartic based polyurethane-urea can be a film, a sheet or a molded shape type.
[0109] The present invention also relates to the use of the inventive multi-component composition for the production of a polyurethane-urea.
[0110] The present invention also relates to the use of the multi-component composition as described above for the production of artificial leather.
[0111] Examples
[0112] The invention is now described in detail by the following examples. The scope of the invention should not be limited to the embodiments of the examples.
[0113] Raw materials
[0114] Isophorone diisocyanate ( IPDI, commercially available from Evonik) 4, 4'-Dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate ( H12MDI, commercially available from Evonik) Trimethylhexane-1, 6-diisocyanate ( TMDI, commercially available from Evonik) , 1,6-Hexamethylene diisocyanate ( H, commercially available from Covestro) , 4, 4'-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate ( 2460M, commercially available from Covestro) 1, 4-Butanediol (Analytical purity, Sinopharm Reagent) Neopentyl glycol (Analytical purity, Sinopharm Reagent)
[0115] Aspartic acid, N, N'- (methylenedi-4, 1-cyclohexanediyl) bis-, tetraethyl ester ( IC 20, commercially available from Evonik)
[0116] Aspartic acid, N, N'- [methylenebis (2-methyl-4, 1-cyclohexanediyl) ] bis-, tetraethyl ester ( IC 40, commercially available from Evonik)
[0117] Polypropylene glycol (DL-1000D, DL-2000D, commercially available from Shandong Bluestar Dongda) Polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG1000, PTMEG2000, commercially available from Hyosung) ; Poly neopentyl glycol adipate diol, (XCP-1000N, XCP-2000N, commercially available from Xuchuan Chemicals (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. )
[0118] Poly methyl propylene glycol adipate diol (XCP-3000M, commercially available from Xuchuan Chemicals (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. )
[0119] Poly butylene glycol / neopentyl glycol adipate diol (XCP-2000NB, commercially available from Xuchuan Chemicals (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. ) ,
[0120] Polycaprolactone diol ( 2200, commercially available from Ingevity) ,
[0121] Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene ( HT, commercially available from Evonik)
[0122] Zinc ethylhexanoate (Analytical grade, Aladdin Industrial)
[0123] Bismuth neodecanoate (Analytical grade, Merk)
[0124] Dibutyltin dilaurate ( 218, commercially available from Evonik)
[0125] HDI-trimer ( HT2500 / 100, %NCO = 21.8 wt%based on DIN EN ISO 11909, commercially available from Evonik)
[0126] General procedure for preparation of polyurethane-ureas
[0127] The polyurethane-ureas of Examples 1-6 were prepared by the following procedure.
[0128] Step 1. Preparation of isocyanate terminated prepolymers containing polyaspartic esters The raw materials listed in Table 1 were added into flask reactor and kept stirring homogenously for polymerization at 70-100℃ for 4-9h, under nitrogen blanket, as listed in Table 1.
[0129] Step 2. Preparation of premixes
[0130] According to formulation in Table 2, the raw materials were mixed homogenously to get the premixes.
[0131] Step 3. Curing
[0132] The prepolymer and premix were mixed according to formulation in Table 3. The blend was cast into mold, then heated in oven at 140℃ to obtain finished polyurethane-urea elastomers as listed in Table 4. Comparative Example was also casted into mold and obtained sample was tested for comparison.
[0133] Comparative Example
[0134] Typical polyaspartic based formulation was also prepared for comparison. As listed in Table 3, the mixture of 30.3 g of IC 20 and 19.7 g of HT2500 / 100 was prepared for test.
[0135] Table 1. Prepolymer Formulations based on aspartic esters and synthesis processes
[0136] Table 2. Formulations of premixes
[0137] Table 3. Mixing ratios and gel times of formulations
[0138] Gel time data listed in Table 3 was tested with Automatic Gel Timer (TECHNE, UK) at setting temperature by around 100 g sample blend.
[0139] As can be seen from the above table, the multi-component compositions of the present invention achieve fast curing for casting process, which reach short gel time of 3-8 min at 120 ℃ for Examples 1-5 based on aliphatic or alicyclic isocyanates, and aromatic based Example 6 shows faster curing with short gel time of 2 min. But Comparative Example with typical polyaspartic ester and HDI-trimer was too fast and it is very difficult to handle it or test. The gel time at room temperature (25 ℃) was also tested and Examples 1-6 all show long pot life, while Comparative Example has very short pot life. So the polyurethane-ureas prepared by using aliphatic or alicyclic isocyanates in Examples 1-5 of the present invention have much longer pot life than the Comparative Example. The polyurethane-ureas based on aliphatic or alicyclic isocyanates of the present invention can obtain excellent non-yellowing effect, but also a fast curing with a relative long pot life.
[0140] Application performance test
[0141] The mechanical performance was tested and the data are listed in Table 4. It was applied according to ISO 527-3: 2018 (Plastics -Determination of tensile properties; Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets) . The results show that those elastomer films of Examples 1-6 perform very good tensile strength and elongation, indicating good flexibility and toughness for end applications. But Comparative Example shows very low flexibility, which is not good performance for elastomer application.
[0142] Table 4. Mechanical strength of elastomer film samples of Examples 1 through 6 as well as the Comparative Example
[0143] As used herein, terms such as “comprise (s) ” and the like as used herein are open terms meaning 'including at least'unless otherwise specifically noted.
[0144] All references, tests, standards, documents, publications, etc. mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference. Where a numerical limit or range is stated, the endpoints are included. Also, all values and subranges within a numerical limit or range are specifically included as if explicitly written out.
[0145] The above description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications to the preferred embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, this invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein. In this regard, certain embodiments within the invention may not show every benefit of the invention, considered broadly.
Claims
1.A multi-component composition comprising:(A) at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer comprising the reaction product of, based on the weight of component (A) :(a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with(b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and(c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, andR1 and R2 each independently represent a C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group; and(B) an isocyanate-reactive hydroxyl component comprising:(1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000; and(2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms;at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.2.A polyurethane-urea comprising the reaction product of:(A) at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer comprising the reaction product of, based on the weight of component (A) :(a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with(b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and(c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, andR1 and R2 each independently represent a C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group;with(B) an isocyanate-reactive component comprising:(1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000; and(2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms; and optionally, in the presence of(C) one or more catalysts,at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.3.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (A) comprises the reaction product of: 25-60 wt%of (A)(a) with 20-60 wt%of (A) (b) and 10-35 wt%of (A) (c) .4.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (A) (a) is selected from the group consisting of isophorone diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, 4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, trimethylhexane-1, 6-diisocyanate, 1, 3 (or 1, 4) -bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, toluene diisocyanate, 4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 3 (or 1, 4) -bis (isocyanatomethyl) benzene, m-xylylene diisocyanate, preferably from the group consisting of isophorone diisocyanate, 4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and 4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.5.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (A) (b) is selected from the group consisting of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polycarbonate diol, a polycaprolactone diol, a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene or a mixture thereof, preferably a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol or a mixture thereof.6.The composition according to claim 1, wherein in (A) (c) , R is selected from the group consisting of 1, 5-pentyl, 1, 6-hexyl, isophoronyl, dicyclohexylmethane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-dicyclohexylmethane, trimethylhexyl, cyclohexanedimethyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, m-xylyl, or derived from polyetheramine (D230 or D400) , preferably selected from the group consisting of dicyclohexylmethane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-dicyclohexylmethane.7.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (B) comprises 20-95 wt%of (B) (1) and 5-80 wt%of (B) (2) , based on the total weight of component (B) .8.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (B) (1) is selected from the group consisting of a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, a polycarbonate diol, a polycaprolactone diol, a hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene or a mixture thereof, preferably a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol or a mixture thereof.9.The composition according to claim 1, wherein (B) (2) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1, 2 (or 1, 3) -propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, methyl propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol and pentaerythritol.10.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition includes no solvent.11.A process for producing a polyurethane-urea according to claim 2 comprising:I. producing a component (A) by reaction of, based on the weight of component (A) :(a) at least one diisocyanate: 15-70 wt%; with(b) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 10-80 wt%; and(c) at least one polyaspartic ester: 5-60 wt%, corresponding to the general formula (I) :wherein: R represents a divalent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moiety having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, andR1 and R2 independently represent C1-C8 alkyl group, preferably ethyl group;II. producing a component (B) by mixing, based on the weight of component (B) :(1) at least one hydroxy-terminated polymer having at least two hydroxyl terminal groups and a weight-average molecular weight of about 400 to about 6000: 20-95 wt%; and(2) at least one hydroxyl compound having at least 2 hydroxyl groups with 12 or less carbon atoms: 5-80wt%;andIII. reacting the component (A) with the component (B) , optionally in the presence of (C) one or more catalysts, wherein (I) and (II) are interchangeable in sequence, at an component (A) : component (B) ratio of between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1 wt / wt, preferably between 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 wt / wt.12.Use of a multi-component composition according to any one of claims 1, 3-10 for producing artificial leather.