EMI suppression inductors and methods of contructing EMI supression inductors
The use of metal pins and dielectric materials in a single magnetic core construction addresses LAN choke limitations, enhancing impedance and EMI suppression for Power-over-Ethernet applications with improved reliability and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- STEWARD FOSHAN MAGNETICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Conventional LAN magnetic common mode chokes face challenges with Power-over-Ethernet applications due to limitations in sustaining higher electrical currents, thermal issues, insulation grade, automated manufacturing difficulties, electrostatic discharge (ESD) problems, and poor cross talk noise suppression.
The use of punched or stamped metal pins, such as phosphor bronze with tin plating, embedded in a dielectric material like liquid crystalline polymer, and a single magnetic core construction to enhance electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal dissipation, allowing for improved impedance performance and EMI noise suppression.
The solution provides double impedance value with less core weight and volume, enabling compact and reliable EMI suppression, supporting higher current loads and frequency ranges while ensuring ESD protection and reduced parasitic parameters.
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Figure CN2025072739_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
EMI SUPPRESSION INDUCTORS AND METHODS OF CONTRUCTING EMI SUPRESSION INDUCTORSFIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to EMI (electromagnetic interference) suppression inductors and methods of constructing EMI suppression inductors.BACKGROUND
[0002] This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
[0003] Traditional local area network (LAN) magnetic common mode choke (CMC) components encounter challenges with Power-over-Ethernet (POE) applications. For example, power capacity increases may pose a problem because small enamel wire and its winding process may have difficulty in sustaining higher electrical currents associated with POE applications.
[0004] The common mode choke is an integral part of the LAN magnetics between the MAC &PHY IC (medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) integrated circuit) and input / output (I / O) ports. The common mode choke is responsible for suppresion of common mode noises including electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. According to LAN 802. XX protocol, conventionally there are eight lines reserved in twist wire to transmit-receive data in differential mode signals. DRAWINGS
[0005] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
[0006] FIG. 1 illustrates a novel array construction for an EMI suppression inductor including according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0007] FIG. 2 illustrates the EMI suppression inductor shown in FIG. 1.
[0008] FIG. 3 illustrates an EMI suppression inductor according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0009] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary method of constructing the inductor 300 having the two-piece magnetic core.
[0010] FIG. 5 illustrates a recommended or preferred land pattern for the inductors shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 with exemplary dimensions in millimeters according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The dimensions provided in FIG. 5 are examples only for purpose of illustration as the inductor in other exemplary embodiments may be configured differently, e.g., for use with a land pattern having smaller or larger dimensions, etc.
[0011] FIG. 6 illustrates a circuit equivalent to the inductors shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 7 is a line graph showing recommended or preferred soldering conditions for the inductor shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0013] Corresponding reference numerals may indicate corresponding (though not necessarily identical) parts throughout the several views of the drawings.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0015] Traditional local area network (LAN) magnetic common mode choke (CMC) components encounter challenges with Power-over-Ethernet (POE) applications. For example, power capacity increases may pose a problem because small enamel wire and its winding process may have difficulty in sustaining higher electrical currents associated with POE applications.
[0016] For a LAN transformer close to the input / output (I / O) connectors, a multiline or multichannel common mode choke should be operable for common noise suppression and DC power transfer. Traditionally, four groups of discrete toroid cores (or drum cores) have been configured such that each toroid core (or drum core) has one pair of differential sign lines. This conventional construction does not have a problem with suppression of common noise mixed into each pair of differential sign. But this conventional construction may have the following problems, which tend to become more serious when the DC power current and frequency increase. For example, the conventional coil-winding process used for toroid cores and drum cores limits the wire diameter gauge (normally AWG35-40) , such that the POE current is restricted. And because the four pairs of differential lines have independent cores in the conventional common mode choke, there may be deviation (s) in the core consistency (ies) such that a noise unbalance may occur, e.g., near and far cross talk suppression by the core will sharply attenuate.
[0017] Exemplary embodiments of EMI suppression inductors disclosed herein are configured to address, solve, and / or improve upon problem (s) associated with conventional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors such as: ● the inability of conventional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors to sustain higher Power-over-Ethernet (POE) electrical current because of their small enamel wires and the enamel wire winding process limit; ● the low safety and insulation grade of conventional traditional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors; ● thermal problems associated with close spacing and higher wire resistance conventional traditional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors; ● automated manufacturing process challenges associated with conventional traditional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors; ● electrostatic discharge (ESD) issues and ESD protectin defects associated with conventional traditional Ethernet LAN common mode noise chokes / inductors; and ● poor cross talk noise suppression.
[0018] Exemplary embodiments of EMI suppression inductors disclosed herein are configured to provide or include one or more (but not necessarily any or all) of the following advantageous effects or features including: ● punched or stamped metal (e.g., phosphor bronze with tin plating, etc. ) pins instead of enamel wire to adapt to high electrical current request and to balance the electrical conductivity and the mechanical strength; ● use of plastic (broadly, dielectric material) injecting process to guarantee pin pitch, no distortion, ESD, and impulse shock (e.g., “Gull” or “Winged” shape is applied and embedded within an injection molded body (e.g., liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) grade reinforced with 40%glass fiber, plastic, etc. ) for precise SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern and good coplanarity even with many pins, etc. ) ● better thermal dissipation and lower capacitor effect because of planar metal pin construction; ● enable 100%automated manufacturing process; ● multiple channels / lines (e.g., all ten channels / lines, etc. ) in one magnetic loop to suppress cross talk noise, e.g., as much as possible and / or maintain best ESD noise suppression, etc.; and / or ● multiple channels / lines in a single construction to meet high power smaller size filter inductor in PoE + application.
[0019] Exemplary embodiments disclosed herein include a novel header construction in which there are more than one plastic body (broadly, dielectric body) to fix or retain the pins in place to guarantee a safe distance, the pin pitch, and no distortion. The header and pins are formed or shaped (e.g., automatically bent via a fixture, etc. ) into a generally “U” shape. The bent U-shaped header and pins are slidably inserted into a magnetic core, which may be a single construction with 100%perfect magnetic loop. The end portions of the pins are bent along both sides of the header, e.g., via a roller-pressing process, etc. Epoxy, adhesive, or other suitable bonding means may then be used to bond the plastic bodies along a bottom side of the magnetic core. The end portions of the pins are formed or shaped to provide the pins with a “gull” or “winged” shape, e.g., via a one-time stamping forming process to guarantee soldering coplanarity, etc.
[0020] Advantageously, exemplary embodiments of the EMI suppression inductors disclosed herein can achieve double impedance value to suppress the EMI noise as compared to traditional tube core inductors with less core weight and volume proportion, thus enabling the EMI suppression inductors disclosed herein to be compact and have higher construction reliability. Exemplary embodiments of the EMI suppression inductors disclosed herein include punched or stamped metal wires (e.g., phosphor bronze with tin plating, etc. ) to replace the magnet wire, which can significantly increase the current load capability. In exemplary embodiments, metal wire may be arranged to replace the coil construction, which can sharply decrease the parasitic parameters such as capacitor effect. And the impedance resonant point (SRF) moves toward higher frequency to improve the application frequency range. In exemplary embodiments, standard accessories and simple assemblage may be employed to shorten, simplify, and provide a more cost effective manufacturing process (e.g., for a high frequency multi array solution, etc. ) with a guaranteed higher product consistency guaranteed.
[0021] With reference now to the figures, FIG. 1 illustrates a novel array construction for an EMI suppression inductor 100 (also shown in FIG. 2) according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, the inductor 100 includes a magnetic core 104 (e.g., nickel zinc (NiZn) ferrite core, other ferrite core, etc. ) configured as a single one-piece, monolithic, single component structure having a perfect magnetic loop and property. The inductor 100 may be configured for use as a common mode choke, a multichannel EMI suppression inductor, and / or a high power smaller size filter inductor in a Power-over-Ethernet (POE) application.
[0022] The inductor 100 includes ten electrically conductive (e.g., metal, etc. ) pins 108. The pins 108 are preferably formed from phosphor bronze with tin plating to balance the electrical conductivity and the mechanical strength. The pins 108 may have rectangular cross-sectional profiles. The pins 108 may be stamped or punched and electroplated from a frame 112. In alternative embodiments, the inductor 100 may include differently configured pins 108, e.g., more or less than ten pins, pins formed from different materials and / or via different processes, pins having non-rectangular cross-sectional profiles, etc.
[0023] The frame 112 includes the pins 108 and a dielectric header 116 (e.g., liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) grade reinforced with 40%glass fiber, plastic, etc. ) . The frame 116 also includes a plurality of dielectric bodies or members (e.g., liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) grade reinforced with 40%glass fiber, plastic, etc. ) . In this exemplary embodiment, the frame 112 includes first and second dielectric bodies or members 120 and 124 that are spaced apart from opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header 116. Accordingly, the pins 108 are embedded within three spaced-apart dielectric members (the dielectric header 116 and the first and second dielectric bodies 120, 124) such that end portions of the pins 108 are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric members and such that the pins 108 are fixed or held in place by the three spaced-apart dielectric members to thereby guarantee a safe distance, the pin pitch, and no distortion.
[0024] With continued reference to FIG. 1, the dielectric header 116 and pins 108 are formed or shaped (e.g., automatically bent via a fixture, etc. ) into a generally “U” shape. Each pin 108 includes a linear or straight middle portion between opposite first and second L-shaped portions that are along opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header 116. The end portions of the frame 112 are trimmed, cut, or otherwise removed such that the only the pins 108 remain.
[0025] The header 116 and pins 108 (cooperatively defining a bent U-shape) are slidably inserted into the magnetic core 104. The end portions of the pins 108 are bent (e.g., generally perpendicular, etc. ) along both sides of the header 116, e.g., via a roller-pressing process, etc. Epoxy, adhesive, or other suitable bonding means may then be used to bond the first and second dielectric bodies 120, 124 along a bottom side of the magnetic core 104. The end portions of the pins 108 are formed or shaped to provide the pins 108 with a “gull” or “winged” shape (e.g., via a one-time stamping forming process to guarantee soldering coplanarity, etc. ) , which ultimately obtains the SMD (surface mount device) land pattern.
[0026] The inductor 100 may be configured to have improved impedance performance (e.g., improved impedance performance at 30 megahertz (MHz) to 500 MHz, double the impedance value at 100 MHz, etc. ) for suppressing EMI noise while maintaining a compact form / overall size and a same land pattern with only a slight increase in weight (e.g., 30%weight increase from about 17.8 grams to 23.5 grams, etc. ) as compared to a conventional EMI suppression inductor having a traditional tubular ferrite core.
[0027] The improvement in the impedance performance of the inductor 100 is achieved by increasing (e.g., doubling, etc. ) the length of the electrical path defined by the electrical conductors 108 through the magnetic core 104. By maintaining the compact form and fitting into the same land pattern (e.g., land pattern shown in FIG. 5, etc. ) , the inductor 100 can be retrofitted for use with an existing board without having to redesign the board.
[0028] By way of example, the inductor 100 may be configured to have a nominal impedance Z (typical value far right pins or far left pins) of about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz. The inductor 100 may be configured for use with a differential current of about 4 Adc (ampere direct current) . The impedance values, weights, frequencies, and differential currents disclosed herein are examples only and provided for purpose of illustration only as the inductor in other exemplary embodiments may be configured differently, e.g., for different frequencies, heavier, lighter, with different impedance performance, etc.
[0029] In addition, the inductor 100 having the single-piece magnetic core may have a center wall thickness that is thinner than a center wall thickness of an inductor (e.g., inductor 300 shown in FIG. 3) having a two-piece magnetic core. In the latter case, the center wall thickness of the inductor is defined by the thicknesses of the two side walls of the respective first and second magnetic core pieces.
[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, the inductor 100 is configured to have a length of about 26 millimeters (mm) , a width of about 20 mm, and a height of about 14 mm, which dimensions includes the pins. These dimensions are examples only and provided for purpose of illustration only as the inductor in other exemplary embodiments may be configured differently, e.g., with smaller or larger dimensions, etc.
[0031] As shown in FIGS. 1 and, 2, the inductor 100 includes ten signal lines 108 in one magnetic core hole. In addition, a dielectric material injecting process is used for the dielectric header 116 and first and second dielectric bodies 120, 124 to guarantee the pin pitch and no distortion. And the pins 108 are “gull” or “winged” shape and embedded in the dielectric header 116 and dielectric bodies 120, 124 to obtain a precise SMT land pattern and good coplanarity even with many pins. In this exemplary embodiment, the inductor 100 includes metal pins made from phosphor bronze to balance the electrical conductivity and the mechanical strength. And the inductor 100 includes ten lines / channels in a single component structure that is usable as a high power smaller size filter inductor in PoE + applications.
[0032] Advantageously, the inductor 100 can achieve double impedance value to suppress the EMI noise as compared to traditional tube core inductors with less core weight and volume proportion, thus enabling the inductor 100 to be compact and have higher construction reliability. The inductor 100 includes punched or stamped metal wires to replace the magnet wire, which can significantly increase the current load capability. Metal wire may be arranged to replace the coil construction, which can sharply decrease the parasitic parameters such as capacitor effect. And the impedance resonant point (SRF) moves toward higher frequency to improve the application frequency range. In exemplary embodiments, standard accessories and simple assemblage may be employed to shorten, simplify, and provide a more cost effective manufacturing process (e.g., for a high frequency multi array solution, etc. ) with a guaranteed higher product consistency guaranteed.
[0033] FIG. 3 illustrates an EMI suppression inductor 300 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, the inductor 300 includes first and second magnetic core pieces 302, 303 that may be bonded together (e.g., via adhesive, epoxy, other suitable method, etc. ) to form the magnetic core 304 (e.g., nickel zinc (NiZn) ferrite core, other ferrite core, etc. ) . The inductor 300 may be configured for use as a common mode choke, a multichannel EMI suppression inductor, and / or a high power smaller size filter inductor in a Power-over-Ethernet (POE) application.
[0034] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary method of constructing the inductor 300 having the two-piece magnetic core 304. In this exemplary embodiment, the inductor 300 includes the first and second magnetic core pieces 302, 303 that may be bonded together (e.g., via adhesive, epoxy, other suitable method, etc. ) to form the magnetic core 304 of the inductor 300. For example, the first and second magnetic core pieces 302, 303 may be bonded together via an adhesive or epoxy 306, e.g., including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , flame retardant (FR) , liquid crystal polymer (LCP) , etc.
[0035] After the first and second magnetic core pieces 302, 303 are bonded together, the upper portions of the electrically conductive (e.g., metal, etc. ) pins 308 are bent (e.g., into “L” pin shape, etc. ) , polished. and laser welded. Thereafter, the lower portions of the pins 308 are bent (e.g., into an “L” pin shape, etc. ) . Each pin 308 thus includes opposite L-shaped end portions between a linear or straight middle portion that cooperatively define “gull” or “winged” shape, which ultimately obtains the SMD (surface mount device) land pattern.
[0036] The inductor 300 includes ten electrically conductive (e.g., metal, etc. ) pins 308. The pins 308 are preferably formed from phosphor bronze with tin plating to balance the electrical conductivity and the mechanical strength. The pins 308 may have rectangular cross-sectional profiles. The pins 308 may be stamped or punched and electroplated from a frame (e.g., frame 112 (FIG. 1) , etc. ) . The pins 308 of the inductor 300 may be formed similarly to the pins 108 of the inductor 100 described above. In alternative embodiments, the inductor 300 may include differently configured pins 308, e.g., more or less than ten pins, pins formed from different materials and / or via different processes, pins having non-rectangular cross-sectional profiles, etc.
[0037] The inductor 300 may be configured to have improved impedance performance (e.g., improved impedance performance at 30 megahertz (MHz) to 500 MHz, double the impedance value at 100 MHz, etc. ) for suppressing EMI noise while maintaining a compact form / overall size and a same land pattern with only a slight increase in weight (e.g., 30%weight increase from about 17.8 grams to 23.5 grams, etc. ) as compared to a conventional EMI suppression inductor having a traditional tubular ferrite core.
[0038] The improvement in the impedance performance of the inductor 300 is achieved by increasing (e.g., doubling, etc. ) the length of the electrical path defined by the electrical conductors 308 through the magnetic core 304. By maintaining the compact form and fitting into the same land pattern (e.g., land pattern shown in FIG. 5, etc. ) , the inductor 300 can be retrofitted for use with an existing board without having to redesign the board.
[0039] By way of example, the inductor 300 may be configured to have a nominal impedance Z (typical value far right pins or far left pins) of about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz. The inductor 300 may be configured for use with a differential current of about 4 Adc (ampere direct current) . The impedance values, weights, frequencies, and differential currents disclosed herein are examples only and provided for purpose of illustration only as the inductor in other exemplary embodiments may be configured differently, e.g., for different frequencies, heavier, lighter, with different impedance performance, etc.
[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the inductor 300 is configured to have a length of about 26 millimeters (mm) , a width of about 20 mm, and a height of about 14 mm, which dimensions includes the pins. These dimensions are examples only and provided for purpose of illustration only as the inductor in other exemplary embodiments may be configured differently, e.g., with smaller or larger dimensions, etc.
[0041] As shown in FIG. 3, the inductor 300 includes ten signal lines 108. A dielectric material injecting process may be used to provide a dielectric header and dielectric body (ies) to fix or retain the pins 304 in place to guarantee the pin pitch and no distortion. And the pins 308 are “gull” or “winged” shaped and may be embedded in a dielectric header and dielectric body (ies) to obtain a precise SMT land pattern and good coplanarity even with many pins. In this exemplary embodiment, the inductor 300 includes metal pins made from phosphor bronze to balance the electrical conductivity and the mechanical strength. And the inductor 300 includes ten lines / channels in a single component structure that is usable as a high power smaller size filter inductor in PoE + applications.
[0042] Advantageously, the inductor 300 can achieve double impedance value to suppress the EMI noise as compared to traditional tube core inductors with less core weight and volume proportion, thus enabling the inductor 300 to be compact and have higher construction reliability. The inductor 300 includes punched or stamped metal wires to replace the magnet wire, which can significantly increase the current load capability. Metal wire may be arranged to replace the coil construction, which can sharply decrease the parasitic parameters such as capacitor effect. And the impedance resonant point (SRF) moves toward higher frequency to improve the application frequency range. In exemplary embodiments, standard accessories and simple assemblage may be employed to shorten, simplify, and provide a more cost effective manufacturing process (e.g., for a high frequency multi array solution, etc. ) with a guaranteed higher product consistency guaranteed.
[0043] Exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , inductor 300 (FIG. 3) , etc. ) are configured to provide good ESD protection, unexpected impulse insulation, common mode noise suppression and “crosstalk” between respectively transmitted and received signal channels. When faced with the above recognized challenges in higher and higher power capacity POE applications, the exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein are excellent in terms of flexibility and competition.
[0044] Conventional LAN common mode chokes that include enamel wire to wind the toroid or other shaped cores have limits on the wire cross-sectional shape and gauge (thick or thin) because of the winding machine types. The exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , inductor 300 (FIG. 3) , etc. ) do not have such limitations regarding wire choice as wires having round or rectangular cross-sectional shapes are acceptable. The exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein also allow for a wide wire gauge choice, e.g., from 0.1 millimeters (mm) to 2.0 mm wire diameters are acceptable. And corresponding rated current can be up to tens of Amps of current. A designer can freely select the most appropriate wire characteristics per the actual application condition.
[0045] For conventional LAN common mode chokes, the insulation and corresponding rated voltage is based on the coating layer of the enamel wire. The safety grade is a function of the insulation per IEC, UL and 3C, etc. For the exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , inductor 300 (FIG. 3) , etc. ) , insulation between the pins (e.g., phosphor bronze pins, wires, etc. ) is guaranteed by enough air distance and the dielectric body (ies) itself, such that the insulation grade can be up to basic insulation and even reinforced insulation. The insulation will be enough for possible communication voltage applications now and in the future.
[0046] In a conventional common mode choke coil construction, the thermal resistance from the hot point to surface is from 1 Celsius per watt (℃ / W) to 20 ℃ / W. By comparison, exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , inductor 300 (FIG. 3) , etc. ) may be configured such that there is almost 100%contact with the plastic and the core and air. The corresponding thermal resistance may be less than 0.5 ℃ / W, and the heat is distributed well with essentially or almost no hot point problem.
[0047] Although conventional LAN common mode chokes gradually support automated manufacture after continuous improvement, its efficiency is low for the assembly procedure. The exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , inductor 300 (FIG. 3) , etc. ) are suitable for a 100%automated manufacture of the whole process. And the automated manufacturing equipment is relatively standard and not overly complex.
[0048] A smaller MOSFET oxygen layer in the integrated circuit (IC) package increase the importance of ESD protection. For special common mode noise, ESD is distributed over the whole channels. And how to better suppress the ESD impulse is an important consideration.
[0049] For example, a conventional LAN common mode choke may include a toroid shaped core or other shaped core. The conventional choke may include multiple insulated cores in parallel. In this conventional choke, the suppression of the common mode noise especially ESD will be unbalanced resulting in additional differential mode signal noise. And with the POE electrical current increases, the positive and negative line cannot be guaranteed to cancel each other in any isolated core, such that there is a magnetic saturation risk for the magnetic core.
[0050] Conventionally, the POE current passes through multiple lines in total, which is worse for isolated lines of a common mode choke in parallel. And these lines respectively pass into different core holes.
[0051] In exemplary embodiments of the inductors disclosed herein (e.g., inductor 100 (FIGS. 1 and 2) , etc. ) , all signal lines are located in the same or single “one core hole” regardless of how many signals lines are present. Thus, all common mode noise can be suppressed by a single magnetic loop, and the differential mode signal (including the POE power current loop) can be completely cancelled by each other in one magnetic loop, such that there is no magnetic saturation risk.
[0052] A novel array construction for an EMI suppression inductor is disclosed. Also disclosed are exemplary embodiments of EMI suppression inductors.
[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, an inductor comprises a magnetic core including opposite first and second sides. An opening extends through the magnetic core from the first side to the second side. Signal lines extend through the opening of the magnetic core. The signal lines comprise pins partially embedded within a plurality of dielectric members spaced apart from each other along the pins such that first and second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric members. The dielectric members are configured to retain the pins in place to thereby help maintain pin pitch without distortion and / or maintain a sufficient distance between the pins such that insulation between the pins is provided by air between the pins and by the dielectric members.
[0054] In exemplary embodiments, the plurality of dielectric members comprises a dielectric header, a first dielectric body, and a second dielectric body spaced apart from each other along the pins. The first and second dielectric bodies spaced apart from opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header. The pins are partially embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric body such that: the first end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the first end portions extending outwardly beyond the first dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header; and the second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the second end portions extending outwardly beyond the second dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header.
[0055] In exemplary embodiments, the dielectric header and the pins cooperatively define a generally U-shape. Each pin includes a linear or straight middle portion between opposite first and second L-shaped portions that are along the opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header. And the first and second dielectric bodies are bonded along the second side of the magnetic core. The dielectric header and the pins may be bent, via a fixture, to cooperatively define the generally U-shape that is inserted into the opening of the magnetic core. The first and second end portions of the pins may be bent via a roller-pressing process. The first and second dielectric bodies may be bonded via epoxy or adhesive along the second side of the magnetic core. And the first and second portions of the pins are formed, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.
[0056] An exemplary method of constructing the inductor includes: using a fixture to automatically bend the dielectric header and the pins to cooperatively define the generally U-shape and to insert the U-shaped dielectric header and the pins into the opening of the magnetic core; bending the first and second end portions of the pins via a roller-pressing process; using epoxy or adhesive to bond the first and second dielectric bodies along the second side of the magnetic core; and forming the first and second portions of the pins, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.
[0057] In exemplary embodiments, the pins are configured to increase a length of an electrical path defined by the pins through the magnetic core to thereby improve impedance performance of the inductor.
[0058] In exemplary embodiments, the inductor is configured to have an impedance of at least about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, at least about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and / or at least about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz.
[0059] In exemplary embodiments, all signal lines extend through the same single opening of the magnetic core. And the inductor is operable for suppressing all common mode noise by a single magnetic loop such that differential mode signals cancel each other in the single magnetic loop thereby avoiding magnetic saturation risk of the magnetic core.
[0060] In exemplary embodiments, the inductor includes ten signal lines extending through the same single opening of the magnetic core. And the inductor is operable for suppressing all common mode noise by a single magnetic loop such that differential mode signals cancel each other in the single magnetic loop thereby avoiding magnetic saturation risk of the magnetic core.
[0061] In exemplary embodiments, the first and second end portions of the pins are bent into an “L” shape to thereby define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern. Each pin includes a middle portion extending between the first and second L-shaped end portions. And the pins are partially embedded within the plurality of dielectric members to: maintain pin pitch without distortion; maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members; provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.
[0062] In exemplary embodiments, the plurality of dielectric members comprises injection molded plastic in which the pins are partially embedded to: maintain pin pitch without distortion; maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members; provide a precise SMT land pattern; and maintain good coplanarity.
[0063] In exemplary embodiments, the pins have an overall gull shape or winged shape. And the pins comprise stamped phosphor bronze wires having rectangular cross-sectional profiles.
[0064] In exemplary embodiments, the magnetic core comprises a single one-piece, monolithic, single component structure having a perfect magnetic loop and property.
[0065] In exemplary embodiments, the magnetic core comprises first and second magnetic core pieces bonded together to form the magnetic core.
[0066] In exemplary embodiments, the first and second end portions of the pins comprise opposite first and second L-shaped end portions between a linear or straight middle portion that cooperatively define an overall gull or winged shape and that define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern. And the plurality of dielectric members comprises injection molded plastic in which the pins are partially embedded such that the opposite first and second L-shaped end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the injection molded plastic. The pins are partially embedded within the injection molded plastic to maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.
[0067] In exemplary embodiments, an inductor comprises a magnetic core including opposite first and second sides. An opening extends through the magnetic core from the first side to the second side. Signal lines extend through the opening of the magnetic core. The signal lines comprise pins configured to increase a length of an electrical path defined by the pins through the magnetic core to thereby improve impedance performance of the inductor. The inductor may be configured to have an impedance of at least about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, at least about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and / or at least about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz. The pins may be partially embedded within one or more dielectric members along the pins such that first and second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the one or more dielectric members and define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern. The one or more dielectric members may be configured to retain the pins in place to thereby help maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins such that insulation between the pins is provided by air between the pins and by the one or more dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.
[0068] In exemplary embodiments, the inductor is configured to be usable within a Power-over-Ethernet (POE) system.
[0069] In exemplary embodiments, a Power-over-Ethernet system comprises an inductor as disclosed herein.
[0070] Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail. In addition, advantages and improvements that may be achieved with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are provided for purpose of illustration only and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure, as exemplary embodiments disclosed herein may provide all or none of the above mentioned advantages and improvements and still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
[0071] Specific numerical dimensions and values, specific materials, and / or specific shapes disclosed herein are example in nature and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. The disclosure herein of particular values and particular ranges of values for given parameters are not exclusive of other values and ranges of values that may be useful in one or more of the examples disclosed herein. Moreover, it is envisioned that any two particular values for a specific parameter stated herein may define the endpoints of a range of values that may be suitable for the given parameter (the disclosure of a first value and a second value for a given parameter may be interpreted as disclosing that any value between the first and second values could also be employed for the given parameter) . For example, if Parameter X is exemplified herein to have value A and also exemplified to have value Z, it is envisioned that parameter X may have a range of values from about A to about Z. Similarly, it is envisioned that disclosure of two or more ranges of values for a parameter (whether such ranges are nested, overlapping, or distinct) subsume all possible combination of ranges for the value that might be claimed using endpoints of the disclosed ranges. For example, if parameter X is exemplified herein to have values in the range of 1 –10, or 2 –9, or 3 –8, it is also envisioned that Parameter X may have other ranges of values including 1 –9, 1 –8, 1 –3, 1 -2, 2 –10, 2 –8, 2 –3, 3 –10, and 3 –9.
[0072] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises, ” “comprising, ” “includes, ” “including, ” “has, ” “have, ” and “having, ” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
[0073] When an element or layer is referred to as being “on” , “engaged to” , “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected, or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on, ” “directly engaged to” , “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between, ” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent, ” etc. ) . As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0074] The term “about” when applied to values indicates that the calculation or the measurement allows some slight imprecision in the value (with some approach to exactness in the value; approximately or reasonably close to the value; nearly) . If, for some reason, the imprecision provided by “about” is not otherwise understood in the art with this ordinary meaning, then “about” as used herein indicates at least variations that may arise from ordinary methods of measuring or using such parameters. For example, the terms “generally” , “about” , and “substantially” may be used herein to mean within manufacturing tolerances. Or for example, the term “about” as used herein when modifying a quantity of an ingredient or reactant of the invention or employed refers to variation in the numerical quantity that can happen through typical measuring and handling procedures used, for example, when making concentrates or solutions in the real world through inadvertent error in these procedures; through differences in the manufacture, source, or purity of the ingredients employed to make the compositions or carry out the methods; and the like. The term “about” also encompasses amounts that differ due to different equilibrium conditions for a composition resulting from a particular initial mixture. Whether or not modified by the term “about” , the claims include equivalents to the quantities.
[0075] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer, or section. Terms such as “first, ” “second, ” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
[0076] Spatially relative terms, such as “inner, ” “outer, ” “beneath” , “below” , “lower” , “above” , “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature’s relationship to another element (s) or feature (s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” may encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
[0077] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements, intended or stated uses, or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and may be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims
1.An inductor comprising:a magnetic core including opposite first and second sides, the magnetic core defining an opening that extends through the magnetic core from the first side to the second side; andsignal lines extending through the opening of the magnetic core;wherein the signal lines comprise pins partially embedded within a plurality of dielectric members spaced apart from each other along the pins such that first and second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the plurality of dielectric members;whereby the plurality of dielectric members is configured to retain the pins in place to thereby help maintain pin pitch without distortion and / or maintain a sufficient distance between the pins such that insulation between the pins is provided by air between the pins and by the plurality of dielectric members.2.The inductor of claim 1, wherein:the plurality of dielectric members comprises a dielectric header, a first dielectric body, and a second dielectric body spaced apart from each other along the pins;the first and second dielectric bodies spaced apart from opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header;the pins are partially embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric body such that:the first end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the first end portions extending outwardly beyond the first dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header; andthe second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the second end portions extending outwardly beyond the second dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header.3.The inductor of claim 2, wherein:the dielectric header and the pins cooperatively define a generally U-shape;each pin includes a linear or straight middle portion between opposite first and second L-shaped portions that are along the opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header; andthe first and second dielectric bodies are bonded along the second side of the magnetic core.4.The inductor of claim 3, wherein:the dielectric header and the pins are bent, via a fixture, to cooperatively define the generally U-shape that is inserted into the opening of the magnetic core;the first and second end portions of the pins are bent via a roller-pressing process;the first and second dielectric bodies are bonded via epoxy or adhesive along the second side of the magnetic core; andthe first and second portions of the pins are formed, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.5.A method of constructing the inductor of claim 3, wherein the method includes:using a fixture to automatically bend the dielectric header and the pins to cooperatively define the generally U-shape and to insert the U-shaped dielectric header and the pins into the opening of the magnetic core;bending the first and second end portions of the pins via a roller-pressing process;using epoxy or adhesive to bond the first and second dielectric bodies along the second side of the magnetic core; andforming the first and second portions of the pins, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.6.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pins are configured to increase a length of an electrical path defined by the pins through the magnetic core to thereby improve impedance performance of the inductor.7.The inductor of claim 6, wherein the inductor is configured to have an impedance of at least about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, at least about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and / or at least about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz.8.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, or 7, wherein all signal lines extend through the same single opening of the magnetic core, whereby the inductor is operable for suppressing all common mode noise by a single magnetic loop such that differential mode signals cancel each other in the single magnetic loop thereby avoiding magnetic saturation risk of the magnetic core.9.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, or 7, wherein the inductor includes ten signal lines extending through the same single opening of the magnetic core, whereby the inductor is operable for suppressing all common mode noise by a single magnetic loop such that differential mode signals cancel each other in the single magnetic loop thereby avoiding magnetic saturation risk of the magnetic core.10.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 9, wherein:the first and second end portions of the pins are bent into an “L” shape to thereby define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern;each pin includes a middle portion extending between the first and second L-shaped end portions; andthe pins are partially embedded within the plurality of dielectric members to:maintain pin pitch without distortion;maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members;provide a precise SMT land pattern; andmaintain good coplanarity.11.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 9, wherein the plurality of dielectric members comprises injection molded plastic in which the pins are partially embedded to:maintain pin pitch without distortion;maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members;provide a precise SMT land pattern; andmaintain good coplanarity.12.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 11, wherein:the pins have an overall gull shape or winged shape; andthe pins comprise stamped phosphor bronze wires having rectangular cross-sectional profiles.13.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 12, wherein the magnetic core comprises a single one-piece, monolithic, single component structure having a perfect magnetic loop and property.14.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 12, wherein the magnetic core comprises first and second magnetic core pieces bonded together to form the magnetic core.15.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 14, wherein:the first and second end portions of the pins comprise opposite first and second L-shaped end portions between a linear or straight middle portion that cooperatively define an overall gull or winged shape and that define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern; andthe plurality of dielectric members comprises injection molded plastic in which the pins are partially embedded such that the opposite first and second L-shaped end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the injection molded plastic, whereby the pins are partially embedded within the injection molded plastic to maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.16.The inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 15, wherein the inductor is configured to be usable within a Power-over-Ethernet (POE) system.17.A Power-over-Ethernet system comprising the inductor of any one of claims 1 to 4 or claims 6 to 16.18.An inductor comprising:a magnetic core including opposite first and second sides, the magnetic core defining an opening that extends through the magnetic core from the first side to the second side; andsignal lines extending through the opening of the magnetic core;wherein the signal lines comprise pins partially embedded within a plurality of dielectric members spaced apart from each other along the pins such that first and second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the plurality of dielectric members and define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern, whereby the plurality of dielectric members are configured to retain the pins in place to thereby help maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins such that insulation between the pins is provided by air between the pins and by the plurality of dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity;wherein:the plurality of dielectric members comprises a dielectric header, a first dielectric body, and a second dielectric body spaced apart from each other along the pins;the first and second dielectric bodies spaced apart from opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header;the pins are partially embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric body such that:the first end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the first end portions extending outwardly beyond the first dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header; andthe second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the second end portions extending outwardly beyond the second dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header.19.The inductor of claim 18, wherein the pins are configured to increase a length of an electrical path defined by the pins through the magnetic core to thereby improve impedance performance of the inductor.20.The inductor of claim 18, wherein the inductor is configured to have an impedance of at least about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, at least about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and / or at least about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz.21.The inductor of claim 18, wherein the magnetic core comprises a single one-piece, monolithic, single component structure having a perfect magnetic loop and property.22.The inductor of claim 18, wherein the magnetic core comprises first and second magnetic core pieces bonded together to form the magnetic core.23.The inductor of claim 18, wherein:the dielectric header and the pins are bent, via a fixture, to cooperatively define a generally U-shape that is inserted into the opening of the magnetic core;the first and second end portions of the pins are bent via a roller-pressing process;the first and second dielectric bodies are bonded via epoxy or adhesive along the second side of the magnetic core; andthe first and second portions of the pins are formed, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.24.A method of constructing the inductor of claim 18, wherein the method includes:using a fixture to automatically bend the dielectric header and the pins to cooperatively define a generally U-shape and to insert the U-shaped dielectric header and the pins into the opening of the magnetic core;bending the first and second end portions of the pins via a roller-pressing process;using epoxy or adhesive to bond the first and second dielectric bodies along the second side of the magnetic core; andforming the first and second portions of the pins, via a one-time stamping process, to thereby provide the pins with a gull or winged shape and to help guarantee soldering coplanarity.25.The inductor of any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein:the first and second end portions of the pins comprise opposite first and second L-shaped end portions between a linear or straight middle portion that cooperatively define an overall gull or winged shape and that define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern; and the plurality of dielectric members comprises injection molded plastic in which the pins are partially embedded such that the opposite first and second L-shaped end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the injection molded plastic, whereby the pins are partially embedded within the injection molded plastic to maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins for providing insulation between the pins by air between the pins and the plurality of dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.26.An inductor comprising:a magnetic core including opposite first and second sides, the magnetic core defining an opening that extends through the magnetic core from the first side to the second side; andsignal lines extending through the opening of the magnetic core;wherein the signal lines comprise pins configured to increase a length of an electrical path defined by the pins through the magnetic core to thereby improve impedance performance of the inductor.27.The inductor of claim 26, wherein the inductor is configured to have an impedance of at least about 133 Ohms at 30 MHz, at least about 190 Ohms at 100 MHz, and / or at least about 241 Ohms at 200 MHz.28.The inductor of claim 26 or 27, wherein the pins are partially embedded within one or more dielectric members along the pins such that first and second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the one or more dielectric members and define an SMT (surface mount technology) land pattern.29.The inductor of claim 28, wherein the one or more dielectric members are configured to retain the pins in place to thereby help maintain pin pitch without distortion, maintain a sufficient distance between the pins such that insulation between the pins is provided by air between the pins and by the one or more dielectric members, provide a precise SMT land pattern, and maintain good coplanarity.30.The inductor of claim 28, wherein:the one or more dielectric members comprise a dielectric header, a first dielectric body, and a second dielectric body spaced apart from each other along the pins;the first and second dielectric bodies spaced apart from opposite first and second sides of the dielectric header;the pins are partially embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric body such that:the first end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the first end portions extending outwardly beyond the first dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header; andthe second end portions of the pins are exposed and not embedded within the dielectric header, the first dielectric body, and the second dielectric, the second end portions extending outwardly beyond the second dielectric body in a direction away from the dielectric header.