Sequence to eliminate ring signature on substrate
A multi-step polishing process using bulk and fine pads with substrate reorientation effectively addresses the dark edge ring issue, improving substrate quality by achieving uniform surface roughness.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- APPLIED MATERIALS INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
The presence of a dark edge ring (DER) on substrate surfaces during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) reduces the quality of substrates, necessitating improved methods and apparatus for its removal.
A method involving multiple polishing operations using a combination of bulk and fine polishing pads, along with a substrate reorientation strategy, to effectively eliminate the dark edge ring.
The method enhances substrate quality by ensuring both surfaces achieve similar surface roughness, reducing the visibility and presence of dark edge rings through controlled substrate translation and multi-step polishing.
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Figure CN2025073060_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SEQUENCE TO ELIMINATE RING SIGNATURE ON SUBSTRATEBACKGROUNDField
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a chemical mechanical polishing of substrates, and more particularly to a method for enhanced substrate surface polishing to remove a dark edge ring. Description of the Related Art
[0002] Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one accepted method of planarization. This planarization method typically requires that the substrate be mounted on a carrier or polishing head. The exposed surface of the substrate is placed against a rotating polishing pad. The carrier head provides a controllable load, i.e., pressure, on the substrate to push it against the polishing pad. Some carrier heads include a flexible membrane that provides a mounting surface for the substrate, and a retaining ring to hold the substrate beneath the mounting surface. Pressurization or evacuation of a chamber behind the flexible membrane controls the load on the substrate. A polishing slurry, including at least one chemically-reactive agent, and abrasive particles, if a standard pad is used, is supplied to the surface of the polishing pad.
[0003] The effectiveness of a CMP process may be measured by looking at the substrate while the substrate is in an enclosed black box and using a halogen light source to detect anomalies on a surface of the substrate. A reoccurring problem is a dark edge ring (DER) on a surface of a substrate. The presence and detectability of the DER and other defects on the surface of a substrate reduces the quality of substrate.
[0004] Therefore, there exists a need in the art for improved methods and apparatus to remove the DER.SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to semiconductor processing equipment, apparatus and methods for chemical mechanical polishing.
[0006] In one or more embodiments, a method of chemical mechanical polishing substrate is provided. The method includes retrieving a substrate with a first substrate surface oriented away from a polishing head and a second substrate surface oriented toward the polishing head, translating the polishing head over a bulk polishing pad and performing a first bulk polishing operation on the first substrate surface, translating the polishing head over a fine polishing pad and performing a first fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface, reorienting the substrate, translating the polishing head over the bulk polishing pad and performing a second bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface, and translating the polishing head over the fine polishing pad and performing a second fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface. The first substrate surface is a carbon rich surface, and the second substrate surface is a device side of the substrate.
[0007] In one or more embodiments, a method includes disposing a substrate in a polishing chamber. The polishing chamber includes a plurality of polishing pads. The plurality of polishing pads includes a first polishing pad, a second polishing pad, and a third polishing pad. The method further includes translating the substrate over the first polishing pad using a carriage assembly and performing a bulk polishing operation on a first substrate surface of the substrate, translating the substrate over the second polishing pad and performing a second polishing operation on the first substrate surface, translating the substrate over the third polishing pad and performing a fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface, translating the substrate over the first polishing pad using the carriage assembly and performing the bulk polishing operation on a second substrate surface of the substrate, translating the substrate over the second polishing pad and performing the second polishing operation on the second substrate surface, and translating the substrate over the third polishing pad and performing the fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface. The first substrate surface is a carbon containing surface, and the second substrate surface is a device surface of the substrate opposite the first substrate surface.
[0008] In one or more embodiments, a method includes performing a bulk polishing operation on a silicon surface of one or more substrates with a polishing pad to form a bulk polished silicon surface. The bulk polished silicon surface of each of the one or more substrates is disposed opposite a carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates. The method further includes performing a bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface on each of the one or more substrates with the polishing pad to form a bulk polished carbon surface of each substrate of the one or more substrates, and performing a fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates to form a fine polished carbon surface on each of the one or more substrates.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. The appended drawings illustrate only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting as to the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure allows for other equally effective combinations of the embodiments within the present disclosure.
[0010] Figure 1A is a schematic side view of an exemplary polishing station which may be used to practice the methods set forth herein, according to one or more embodiments.
[0011] Figure 1B is a schematic plan view of a portion of a multi-station polishing system which may be used to practice the methods set forth herein, according to one or more embodiments.
[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of one embodiment of a polishing head, according to one or more embodiments.
[0013] Figure 3 is a top view of the vacuum plate of Figure 2, according to one or more embodiments.
[0014] Figures 4A-4E are schematic cross-sectional views of the polishing head and the substrate during a method of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram view of the method of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0016] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram view of the method of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0017] Figures 7A-7E are schematic cross-sectional views of the polishing head and the substrate during a method of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0018] Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram view of the method of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0019] To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The embodiments described herein provide an apparatus and method of polishing a substrate for processing while enabling a removal of a dark edge ring detected during subsequent optical analysis. Operations described herein can be applied to single substrate or batch substrate processing. The sequences described herein are applicable to serial polishing operations in one or more chambers. In some embodiments, a single chamber with a bulk polishing pad and a fine polishing pad enables a batch of substrate surfaces to be processed in one chamber cycle during serial operation.
[0021] It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the details of construction or process steps set forth in the following description. It is envisioned that some embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with other embodiments.
[0022] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) systems and processes used in the manufacturing of electronic devices. In particular, the apparatus and methods described herein enable an enhanced substrate by removing a dark edge ring disposed on a face of the substrate after a CMP operation.
[0023] Figure 1A is a schematic side view of a polishing station 100a, according to one or more embodiments, which may be used to practice the methods set forth herein. Figure 1B is a schematic plan view of a portion of a multi-station polishing system 101 comprising a plurality of polishing stations 100a-c disposed in a polishing chamber 105. The polishing chamber 105 includes a plurality of polishing pads 106. The plurality of polishing pads 106 include a first polishing pad 107a, a second polishing pad 107b, and a third polishing pad 107c.
[0024] In Figure 1B at least some of the components with respect to the polishing station 100a described in Figure 1A are not shown on the plurality of polishing stations 100a-c in order to improve readability.
[0025] As shown in Figure 1A, the polishing station 100a includes a platen 102, a first actuator 104 coupled to the platen 102, a polishing pad 106 disposed on the platen 102 and secured thereto, a fluid delivery arm 118 disposed over the polishing pad 106, a polishing head 110 (shown in cross-section) , and a pad conditioner assembly 112. For example, the multi-station polishing system 101 includes a plurality of polishing pads coupled to a plurality of polishing platens. In some embodiments, the plurality of polishing pads 106 include the first polishing pad 107a, the second polishing pad 107b, and the third polishing pad 107c (Figure 1B) . The polishing head 110 is suspended from a carriage arm 113 of a carriage assembly 114 (Figure 1B) so that the polishing head 110 is disposed over the polishing pad 106 and faces there towards. The carriage assembly 114 is rotatable about a carriage axis C to move the polishing head 110, and thus a substrate 122 chucked therein, between a loading station 103 (Figure 1B) and / or between polishing stations 100a-c of the multi-station polishing system 101. The loading station 103 includes a load cup 150 (shown in phantom) for loading a substrate 122 to the polishing head 110.
[0026] During substrate polishing, the first actuator 104 is used to rotate the platen 102 about a platen axis A and the polishing head 110 is disposed above the platen 102 and faces there towards. The polishing head 110 is used to urge a to-be-polished surface of a substrate 122 (shown in phantom) , disposed therein, against the polishing surface of the polishing pad 106 while simultaneously rotating about a carrier axis B. Here, the polishing head 110 includes a housing 111, an annular retaining ring 115 coupled to the housing 111, a membrane 117 spanning the inner diameter of the retaining ring 115, and a substrate backing assembly 200 disposed between the housing 111 and the membrane 117. The retaining ring 115 surrounds the substrate 122 and prevents the substrate 122 from slipping from the polishing head 110 during polishing. The membrane 117 is used to apply a downward force to the substrate 122 and for loading (chucking) the substrate 122 into the polishing head 110 during substrate loading operations and / or between substrate polishing stations. For example, during polishing, a pressurized gas is provided to a carrier chamber 119 to exert a downward force on the membrane 117 and thus a downward force on the substrate 122 in contact therewith. Before and after polishing, a vacuum may be applied to the carrier chamber 119 so that the membrane 117 is deflected upwards to create a low pressure pocket between the membrane 117 and the substrate 122, thus vacuum-chucking the substrate 122 into the polishing head 110.
[0027] The substrate 122 is urged against the pad 106 in the presence of a polishing fluid provided by the fluid delivery arm 118. Typically, the rotating polishing head 110 oscillates between an inner radius and an outer radius of the platen 102 to, in part, reduce uneven wear of the surface of the polishing pad 106. Here, the polishing head 110 is rotated using a first actuator 124 and is oscillated using a second actuator 126.
[0028] Here, the pad conditioner assembly 112 comprises a fixed abrasive conditioning disk 120, e.g., a diamond impregnated disk, which may be urged against the polishing pad 106 to rejuvenate the surface thereof and / or to remove polishing byproducts or other debris therefrom. In other embodiments, the pad conditioner assembly 112 may comprise a brush (not shown) .
[0029] Operation of the multi-station polishing system 101 and / or the individual polishing stations 100a-c thereof is facilitated by a system controller 136 (Figure 1A) . The system controller 136 includes a programmable central processing unit (CPU 140) which is operable with a memory 142 (e.g., non-volatile memory) and support circuits 144. The support circuits 144 are conventionally coupled to the CPU 140 and comprise cache, clock circuits, input / output subsystems, power supplies, and the like, and combinations thereof coupled to the various components of the polishing system 101, to facilitate control of a substrate polishing process. For example, in some embodiments the CPU 140 is one of any form of general purpose computer processor used in an industrial setting, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) , for controlling various polishing system component and sub-processors. The memory 142, coupled to the CPU 140, is non-transitory and is typically one or more of readily available memory such as random access memory (RAM) , read only memory (ROM) , floppy disk drive, hard disk, or any other form of digital storage, local or remote.
[0030] Herein, the memory 142 is in the form of a computer-readable storage media containing instructions (e.g., non-volatile memory) , that when executed by the CPU 140, facilitates the operation of the polishing system 101. The instructions in the memory 142 are in the form of a program product such as a program that implements the methods of the present disclosure (e.g., middleware application, equipment software application etc. ) . The program code may conform to any one of a number of different programming languages. In one example, the disclosure may be implemented as a program product stored on computer-readable storage media for use with a computer system. The program (s) of the program product define functions of the embodiments (including the methods described herein) .
[0031] Illustrative computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: (i) non-writable storage media (e.g., read-only memory devices within a computer such as CD-ROM disks readable by a CD-ROM drive, flash memory, ROM chips or any type of solid-state non-volatile semiconductor memory) on which information is permanently stored; and (ii) writable storage media (e.g., floppy disks within a diskette drive or hard-disk drive or any type of solid-state random-access semiconductor memory) on which alterable information is stored. Such computer-readable storage media, when carrying computer-readable instructions that direct the functions of the methods described herein, are embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of one embodiment of the polishing head 110 that may be used in the polishing system 101 of Figure 1B.
[0033] As seen in Figure 2, the substrate backing assembly 200 generally includes a gimbal rod 202 extending through the housing 111, a flexure ring 204 pivotally coupled to a distal end of the gimbal rod 202, and a perforated plate 206 coupled to the flexure ring 204. The carrier chamber 119 provides fluid and pressure communication between the gimbal rod 202 and the membrane 117 via a plurality of apertures 208 formed through the perforated plate 206. The perforated plate 206 is coupled to a vacuum channel 210 that creates a vacuum within a chamber 212. The membrane 117 is coupled to the perforated plate 206, which both partially define the chamber 212. The chamber 212 defines a chamber volume. The chamber volume is about 20 cubic centimeters to about 400 cubic centimeters. For example, the chamber 212 volume is about 20 cubic centimeters or greater.
[0034] As the vacuum channel 210 applies a vacuum to the chamber 212, the membrane 117 flexes into the chamber 212 through the plurality of apertures 208. As the membrane 117 flexes, the membrane 117 is able to hold the substrate 122 as the polishing head 110 translates the substrate before and after polishing operations. The retaining ring 115 is disposed around the membrane 117.
[0035] The membrane 117 includes a first surface 220 and a second surface 222. The membrane 117 is coupled to the perforated plate 206 by the first surface 220. The second surface 222 is disposed opposite the first surface 220. In some embodiments, the second surface 222 includes a surface roughness of at least 70 micro-inches (μin) . The second surface 222 is configured to be coupled to and restrain the substrate 122. The surface roughness of the second surface 222 is an average measurement across the second surface 222. In some embodiments the surface roughness of the second surface 222 is greater than 80 μin. In some embodiments the surface roughness of the second surface 222 is about 80 μin to about 140 μin.
[0036] In some embodiments, the membrane 117 is manufactured so that a co-efficient of dynamic friction between the membrane 117 and a silicon-carbide surface is about 0.2 to about 1.1, for example, about 1.5 or less. The co-efficient of static friction between the membrane and a silicon based substrate is about 0.2 to about 1.1, for example, about 1.5 or less. In some embodiments, the membrane 117 is manufactured so that a co-efficient of dynamic friction between the membrane 117 and a silicon based material is about 0.2 to about 1.1, for example, about 1.5 or less. In some embodiments, the membrane 117 is manufactured so that a co-efficient of dynamic friction between the membrane 117 and a carbon face of the substrate 122 is about 0.2 to about 1.1, for example, about 1.5 or less.
[0037] In some embodiments, the membrane 117 is configured to allow the substrate 122 to translate during a polishing operation. For example, when surface roughness of the second surface 222 of the membrane 117 is less than 50 μin, the substrate 122 is restrained from translating during a polishing operation. Without being bound by theory, the inventors believe that embodiments that include the second surface 222 with a surface roughness of 70 μin, or more reduces the presence and the detectability of the dark edge ring, in part by the movement of the substrate 122 across the second surface 222.
[0038] Figure 3 is a top view of the perforated plate 206 of Figure 2, according to one or more embodiments. The perforated plate 206 includes a major aperture 301, a plurality of minor apertures 303, an inner wall surface 305, an outer wall surface 307, and a perforation surface 309 The major aperture 301 is disposed coincident with a central axis B of the housing 111 (Figure 2) . The major aperture 301 includes a diameter D1 of about 1.2 inches to about 0.75 inches. For example, the diameter D1 of the major aperture 301 is at least 0.9 inches or larger.
[0039] The plurality of minor apertures 303 each include a diameter D2. In some embodiments, the diameter D2 of each of the plurality of minor apertures 303 is about 0.2 inches to about 1.5 inches, for example, about 0.25 inches to about 1 inch. The plurality of minor apertures 303 are radially disposed around the major aperture 301. The diameter D1 of the major aperture 301 is larger than the diameter D2 of each of the plurality of minor apertures 303. In some embodiments, the diameter D2 of each of the plurality of minor apertures 303 is 80%or less than the diameter D1 of the major aperture 301.
[0040] In some embodiments, the plurality of minor apertures 303 may be slots, slits, or other aperture shapes. In some embodiments, the perforated plate 206 includes a plate area of the perforation surface 309. The major aperture 301 and the plurality of minor apertures 303 form an aperture area of the perforation surface 309. The aperture area is a percentage of the surface area of the perforation surface 309 where the major aperture 301 and the plurality of minor apertures 303 form through holes through the perforation surface 309. In some embodiments, the aperture area is 33%or less of the plate area. In other words, the major aperture 301 and the plurality of minor apertures 303 form apertures through 33%or less of the total perforation surface 309.
[0041] In some embodiments, the plurality of minor apertures 303 include a plurality of first minor apertures 311 and a plurality of second minor apertures 313 disposed radially outward of the plurality of first minor apertures 311. The plurality of minor apertures 303 includes a ratio of the first minor apertures 311 to the second minor apertures 313 of 4: 7 or less. For example, when there are 4 first minor apertures 311, there are 7 second minor apertures 313. In some embodiments, the ratio of the first minor apertures 311 to the second minor apertures 313 is a 1: 1 ratio. The first minor apertures 311 have the diameter D2 and the second minor apertures 313 have a diameter D6. The diameter D6 of each of the second minor apertures 313 is about 0.5 inches to about 1 inch. In some embodiments, the diameter D2 of each of the first minor apertures 311 is at least 10%less than the diameter D6 of each of the second minor apertures 313.
[0042] The inner wall surface 305 defines the volume of the chamber 212 (Figure 2) . The inner wall surface 305 includes a diameter D3 of about 7 inches to about 7.5 inches. The outer wall surface 307 includes a diameter D4 of about 7.89 inches to about 7.91 inches. The perforated plate 206 has an outer diameter 319 that defines an outer diameter D5 of about 9.75 inches to about 9.77 inches. In some embodiments, the outer diameter D5 is about 10 inches or less.
[0043] By changing the surface properties of the membrane 117, such as increasing the surface roughness, an increase in the vacuum strength to chuck the substrate 122 is needed. To accommodate the increase, the apertures in the perforated plate 206 must be changed to account for the change in surface properties. Such a change in the surface properties allows for the ability for the substrate 122 to translate within the polishing head 110. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that in some embodiments, the translation of the substrate across the membrane 117 may assist in removing a dark edge ring during a substrate polishing operation.
[0044] Figures 4A-4E are schematic cross-sectional views of the polishing head 110 and the substrate 122 during a method 500 of Figure 5 or a method 600 of Figure 6.
[0045] As shown in Figure 4A, the substrate 122 is disposed in the polishing head 110. The substrate 122 includes a first substrate surface 401 and a second substrate surface 403. In some embodiments, the first surface 401 is a carbon rich surface and the second surface 403 is a silicon rich surface. In some embodiments, the substrate 122 is a silicon carbide substrate. The membrane 117 is disposed above the substrate 122 and applies pressure to the second surface 403 during polishing operations. In some embodiments, a plurality of substrates are each polished in a serial polishing operation using the multi-station polishing system 101 comprising the plurality of polishing stations 100a-c, where one or more of the polishing stations are different than the other polishing station as illustrated in Figure 1A. In one example, the polishing station 100a and polishing station 100b are bulk polishing stations and polishing station 100c is a fine polishing station (Figure 1A) . In another example, the polishing station 100a is a bulk polishing station while polishing station 100b and polishing station 100c are fine polishing stations. In some embodiments, a substrate surface undergoes a bulk polishing operation and a subsequent fine polishing operation without leaving the multi-station polishing system 101 and before the opposite substrate surface undergoes a polishing operation.
[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram view of the method 500 of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0047] Operation 501 of the method 500, as shown in Figure 4A, includes retrieving the substrate 122 using the polishing head 110. The substrate 122 includes the first surface 401 oriented away from the polishing head 110 and the second substrate surface 403 oriented toward the polishing head 110 when the substrate 122 is retrieved by the polishing head 110.
[0048] In some embodiments, the first substrate surface 401 and the second substrate surface 403 have a surface roughness of about 0.5 nanometers to about 5 nanometers. The surface roughness can be measured in terms of Ra or Rq. Ra refers to the arithmetic average roughness, which is the average of the absolute deviations from the mean line of a surface profile. Surface roughness can also be measured in Rq, which represents the root mean square roughness calculated by taking the square root of the average of the squared deviations from a mean line.
[0049] The distance between the first substrate surface 401 and the second substrate surface 403 is about 300 microns to about 500 microns.
[0050] Operation 503 includes translating the polishing head 110 with the substrate 122 over the polishing pad 106. As shown in Figure 4B, in some embodiments, the polishing pad 106 is a bulk polishing pad 421. Operation 503 further includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401 of the substrate 122. After the bulk polishing operation, the first substrate surface 401 becomes a bulk polished surface 405. In some embodiments, the first substrate surface 401 and the second substrate surface 403 are unprocessed surfaces having manufacturing marks, for example, machining marks on a carbon face and a device face of a silicon carbide (SiC) substrate. In some embodiments the first substrate surface 401 is the carbon surface or carbon rich surface and the second substrate surface 403 is a silicon face, silicon rich surface, or device face of the substrate 122.
[0051] In some embodiments, the first bulk polishing operation reduces a thickness T1 of the substrate 122 at a removal rate of at least 4 microns per hour or more.
[0052] The first bulk polishing operation includes supplying a first slurry 431 to the substrate 122. In some embodiments, the first slurry 431 includes alumina particles and has a pH of less than 7. For example, the first slurry 431 includes nitric acid. In some embodiments, the first slurry 431 includes potassium permanganate. The first bulk polishing operation includes a removal rate that removes about 3 microns per hour to about 10 microns per hour from the device face and a removal rate of about 9 microns per hour to 30 microns per hour from the carbon face.
[0053] In some embodiments, the method 500 includes an optional operation 504 that includes translating the polishing head 110 over a fine polishing pad 423. As shown in Figure 4C, operation 504 further includes performing a first fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401 of the substrate 122. In some embodiments, the first fine polishing operation is performed after the first substrate surface 401 has become the bulk polished surface 405. The first fine polishing operation forms a fine polished surface 407 on the first substrate surface 401. In some embodiments, the bulk polished surface 405 is polished during the first fine polishing operation to form the fine polished surface 407. The first fine polishing operation includes a time of about 600 seconds or less. In some embodiments, the first fine polishing operation removes material at a rate of 10%or less than the removal rate of the first bulk polishing operation.
[0054] Operation 505 includes reorienting the substrate such that the first substrate surface 401 is oriented toward the polishing head 110 and the second substrate surface 403 is oriented away from the polishing head 110. In some embodiments, the second substrate surface 403 is a device side of the substrate 122.
[0055] Operation 507, as shown in Figure 4D, includes translating the polishing head 110 over a polishing pad 106. In some embodiments, the polishing pad 106 is a bulk polishing pad 425. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing pad 425 is the same as the bulk polishing pad 421. As shown in Figure 4D, operation 509 further includes performing a second bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403. The second bulk polishing operation forms a bulk polished surface 409 from the second substrate surface 403.
[0056] In some embodiments, the substrate 122 is a first substrate, and the polishing head 110 translates a second substrate over the bulk polishing pad 421 before performing the second bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403 of the first substrate.
[0057] In some embodiments, the bulk polishing pad 421 and / or the bulk polishing pad 425 are polyurethane-based polishing pads.
[0058] Operation 509, as shown in Figure 4E, includes translating the polishing head 110 over a fine polishing pad 427 and performing a second fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403. In some embodiments, the fine polishing pad 427 is the same as the fine polishing pad 423 and the second substrate surface 403 is the bulk polished surface 409. The second fine polishing operation forms a fine polished surface 411 on the substrate surface 403. When performed on substrates, the method 500 enhances the substrate by ensuring both surfaces of the substrate have similar surface roughness. For example, when performing a serial polishing operation on a batch of substrates, defects in the substrate require both a bulk polishing and fine polishing operation.
[0059] In some embodiments, the method 500 of processing substrates is a two-step polishing operation that utilizes three platens to polish a surface of a substrate.
[0060] In some embodiments, the first step is a bulk polishing operation that includes two sub steps. The sub steps include performing a first sub-bulk polishing operation with a first bulk polishing pad and a second sub-bulk polishing operation with a second bulk polishing pad. After the bulk polishing operation with two sub sub-bulk polishing operations, the second step is a fine polishing operation is performed on the surface of a substrate. The substrate is then flipped and the same operations are performed on the opposite surface.
[0061] In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operation is a single step polishing operation and the fine polishing operation includes two sub steps. The two sub fine polishing steps include performing a first sub-fine polishing operation with a first fine polishing pad and a second sub-fine polishing operation with a second fine polishing pad. After the bulk polishing operation, the two sub-fine polishing operations are performed on the surface of a substrate. The substrate is then flipped and the same operations are performed on the opposite surface.
[0062] The following are non-limiting examples of the method 500. In the following non-limiting examples, the carbon rich surface 401 has an initial surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 401 has an initial surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers. The substrate 122 has a thickness of about 300 to about 530 microns, for example, about 350 microns.Example 1
[0063] In example 1 of method 500, the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad, performing a second bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad, and performing a first fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad.
[0064] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation. The bulk polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 2 to about 4. The bulk polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be one or more of Al2O3 and ZrO2. The oxidizer may be KMnO4 with a concentration of 3%or less, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0065] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad during the respective first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad are both polyurethane based pads. During each of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 60 seconds to about 150 seconds, for example, about 80 seconds. The substrate 122 is rotated during each of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 pounds per square inch (psi) to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. Each of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 10 microns (μm) per hour (μm / hr) to about 30 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 15 microns (μm) per hour (μm / hr) to about 25 μm / hr during a bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich substrate surface. The combination of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by about 0.8 μm to about 1.2 μm from the initial thickness.
[0066] After the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.2 to about 0.5 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0067] The first fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface includes supplying a water based fine polishing slurry to the substrate 122. The fine polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 9 to about 10. The fine polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be SiO2 but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be H2O2 with a concentration of about 8%to about 10%, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0068] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the third polishing pad during the first fine polishing operation. In some embodiments, the third polishing pad is a poromeric pad. During the first fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for at least 250 second or more, for example, about 300 seconds. In some embodiments, the first fine polishing operation is about equal to the combined duration of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation.
[0069] The substrate 122 is rotated during the first fine polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 psi to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The first fine polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the first polishing operation on the carbon rich substrate surface. The first fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by less than 0.3 μm from the thickness after the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation.
[0070] After the first fine polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0071] After the first fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface 401 of the substrate 122, the substrate 122 is flipped and the silicon rich surface 403 of the substrate 122 is polished. In some embodiments, the carbon rich surface 401 of the substrate 122 and the silicon rich surface 403 of the substrate 122 are polished in the same chamber.
[0072] The polishing of the silicon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a third bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a fourth bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0073] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation. The bulk polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 2 to about 4. The bulk polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be one or more of Al2O3 and ZrO2, but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be KMnO4 with a concentration of 3%or less, but other oxidizers are contemplated. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing slurry used during the first and second bulk polishing operations is the same slurry used during the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation.
[0074] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad during the respective the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing. During each of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 200 seconds to about 400 seconds, for example, about 300 seconds. The substrate 122 is rotated during each of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 pounds per square inch (psi) to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. Each of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 5 μm / hr to about 10 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 6 μm / hr to about 9 μm / hr during a bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The combination of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by about 1 μm to about 2 μm from the thickness.
[0075] After the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.05 to about 0.15 nanometers, for example, about 0.1 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers.
[0076] The second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface includes supplying a water based fine polishing slurry to the substrate 122. The fine polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 9 to about 10. The fine polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be SiO2 but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be H2O2 with a concentration of about 9%, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0077] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the third polishing pad during the second fine polishing operation. In some embodiments, the third polishing pad is the same poromeric pad used in the first fine polishing operation. During the second fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for at least 250 seconds or more, for example, about 350 seconds to about 450 seconds.
[0078] The substrate 122 is rotated during the second fine polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 psi to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The second fine polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The second fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by less than 0.3 μm from the thickness after the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation.
[0079] After the second fine polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of less than 0.1 nanometers, for example, an Ra of about 0.7 to about 0.9 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers.Example 2
[0080] In example 2 of method 500, the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad, performing a first fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad. After the second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate, the substrate is flipped and the silicon rich surface of the substrate is polished.
[0081] The polishing of the silicon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a second bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a third fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a fourth fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0082] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the first bulk polishing operation. The bulk polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 2 to about 4. The bulk polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be one or more of Al2O3 and ZrO2. The oxidizer may be KMnO4 with a concentration of 3%or less, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0083] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad during the first bulk polishing. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad is a polyurethane based pad. During the first bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for at least 150 seconds, for example, about 150 seconds. The substrate 122 is rotated during the first bulk polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 pounds psi to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The first bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 10 μm / hr to about 30 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 15 μm / hr to about 25 μm / hr during a bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich substrate surface. The first bulk polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by about 0.8 μm to about 1.2 μm from the initial thickness.
[0084] After the first bulk polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.2 to about 0.5 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0085] The first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface includes supplying a water based fine polishing slurry to the substrate 122. The fine polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 9 to about 10. The fine polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be SiO2 but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be H2O2 with a concentration of about 8%to about 10%, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0086] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against each of the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad during the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation respectively. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad are poromeric pads. During each of the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for at least 125 seconds or more, for example, about 150 seconds on each of the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad. In some embodiments, the first bulk polishing operation is about equal to each duration of the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation.
[0087] The substrate 122 is rotated during the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 psi to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The first fine polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the each of first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich substrate surface. The first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by less than 0.3 μm from the thickness after the first bulk polishing operation.
[0088] After the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0089] After the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface 401, the substrate 122 is flipped and the silicon rich surface 403 of the substrate 122 is polished. In some embodiments, the carbon rich surface 401 of the substrate 122 and the silicon rich surface 403 of the substrate 122 are polished in the same chamber.
[0090] The polishing of the silicon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a second bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a third fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a fourth fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0091] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the second bulk polishing operation. The bulk polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 2 to about 4. The bulk polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be one or more of of Al2O3 and ZrO2, but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be KMnO4 with a concentration of 3%or less, but other oxidizers are contemplated. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing slurry used during the first bulk polishing operations is the same slurry used during the second bulk polishing operation.
[0092] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad during the second bulk polishing operation. During the second bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 450 seconds to about 550 seconds, for example, about 500 seconds.
[0093] The substrate 122 is rotated during the second bulk polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 pounds per square inch (psi) to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The second bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 5 μm / hr to about 10 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 6 μm / hr to about 9 μm / hr during a bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The second bulk polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by about 1 μm to about 2 μm from the thickness.
[0094] After the second bulk polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.05 to about 0.15 nanometers, for example, about 0.1 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers.
[0095] The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface each include supplying a water based fine polishing slurry to the substrate 122. The fine polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 9 to about 10. The fine polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be SiO2 but other particles are contemplated. The oxidizer may be H2O2 with a concentration of about 9%, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0096] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, respectively. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad are the same poromeric pads used in the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation. During the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for a combined duration of at least 250 second or more, for example, about 350 seconds to about 450 seconds. In some embodiments, the second bulk polishing operation is about equal to each duration of the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation.
[0097] The substrate 122 is rotated during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation at a rate of about 100 RPM to about 150 RPM, for example, about 120 RPM. The substrate has a force applied to it by the polishing head 110 of about 5 psi to about 10 psi, for example about 7 psi. The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation each include a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by less than 0.3 μm from the thickness after the second bulk polishing operation.
[0098] After the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of less than 0.1 nanometers, for example, an Ra of about 0.9 to about 0.7 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers.
[0099] In some embodiments, the first and second fine polishing operations, as shown in Figures 4C and 4E reduce the thickness T1 of the substrate 122 at a removal rate of 10%or less than the removal rate of the first and second bulk polishing operations. For example, the first and second fine polishing operations each reduce the substrate thickness T1 by less than 0.75 micrometers. For example, each fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness T1 by about 200 nanometers to about 10 nanometers. In some embodiments, the first and second fine polishing operations include supplying a second slurry 433 to the substrate 122. In some embodiments, the second slurry 433 includes a pH greater than 7 and SiO2 particles. For example, the second slurry 433 includes H2O2.Example 3
[0100] In example 3 of method 500, the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The carbon rich surface polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad while supplying a bulk polishing slurry to the first polishing pad, performing a second bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad while supplying the bulk polishing slurry to the second polishing pad, and performing a third bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad while supplying the bulk polishing slurry to the third polishing pad. After the third bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate, the substrate is flipped and the silicon rich surface of the substrate is polished.
[0101] The polishing of the silicon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a fourth bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad while supplying the bulk polishing slurry to the first polishing pad, performing a fifth bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad while supplying the bulk polishing slurry to the second polishing pad, and performing a sixth bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad while supplying the bulk polishing slurry to the third polishing pad.
[0102] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during each of the first, second, and third bulk polishing operations. The bulk polishing slurry is a water based slurry with a pH of about 2 to about 4. The bulk polishing slurry includes particles and an oxidizer. The particles may be one or more of Al2O3 and ZrO2. The oxidizer may be KMnO4 with a concentration of 3%or less, but other oxidizers are contemplated.
[0103] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad, the second polishing pad, and third polishing pad during the respective bulk polishing operation. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad, the second polishing pad, and the third polishing pad are similar pads having the same materials and material properties.
[0104] After the first, second, and third bulk polishing operations on the carbon rich surface 401, the substrate 122 is flipped and the silicon rich surface 403 of the substrate 122 is polished.
[0105] The polishing of the silicon rich surface of the substrate includes performing the fourth, fifth, and sixth bulk polishing operations on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, the second polishing pad, and the third polishing pad respectively.
[0106] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry with similar parameters used during the first, second, and third bulk polishing operations. The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first, second and third polishing pads during the respective fourth, fifth, and sixth bulk polishing operations.
[0107] The above example is an illustration of a set of polishing operations that, alone, will not remove some optical artifacts left on the carbon rich surface 401 or the silicon rich surface 403 after the substrate has first been machined. In some embodiments, at least one or more fine polish operations is required to be performed on carbon rich surface 401 to remove a dark edge ring and / or concentric rings from the substrate.
[0108] In some embodiments, example 3 may also include a fine polish operation on the silicon rich surface 403. The fine polish operation on the silicon rich surface 403 enhances the quality of the substrate surface, but does not remove the dark edge ring and / or concentric rings from the substrate. In contrast, examples 1 and 2 provide exemplary operations of methods that remove a dark edge ring and / or concentric rings from the substrate. Further, example 4, example 5, and example 6 as described below also provide exemplary operations of methods that remove a dark edge ring and / or concentric rings from the substrate.
[0109] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram view of a method 600 of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0110] Method 600 includes a method of chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate for semiconductor manufacturing. Operation 601 includes disposing the substrate 122 in the polishing chamber 105 (Figure 1B) .
[0111] Operation 603, as shown in Figures 4B and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the first polishing pad 421 using the carriage assembly 114 (Figure 1B) and performing a bulk polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401 of the substrate 122. The bulk polishing operation includes pressing the substrate 122 against the first polishing pad 421. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operation forms the bulk polished surface 405 on the first substrate surface 401. The substrate 122 includes the second substrate surface 403 disposed opposite the first substrate surface 401. In some embodiments, the first substrate surface 401 is a carbon containing or carbon rich surface of a SiC substrate. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad 421 is a bulk polishing pad and is the first polishing pad 107a. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad 107a is a polyurethane-based bulk polishing pad.
[0112] Operation 605, as shown in Figures 4C and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the second polishing pad 423 and performing a second polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad 423 is a bulk polishing pad and is one of the first polishing pad 107a or the second polishing pad 107b. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad 423 is a fine polishing pad and is one of the second polishing pad 107b or the third polishing pad 107c.
[0113] In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operation and the second polishing operation both include an equal duration. For example, the bulk polishing operation is a first bulk polishing operation and the second polishing operation is a second bulk polishing operation and each bulk polishing operation can be about 1 minute to about 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operations performed on the first substrate surface 401 is performed for about 1 minute to about 4 minutes. For example, the first substrate surface 401 contacts the first polishing pad 421 for about 1 minute to about 4 minutes. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operations performed on the second substrate surface 403 are performed for about 4 minutes to about 10 minutes. For example, the second substrate surface 403 contacts the first polishing pad 421 for about 4 minutes to about 10 minutes.
[0114] Operation 607, as shown in Figures 4C and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the third polishing pad 107c and performing a fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401. In some embodiments, the fine polishing operation forms the fine polished surface 407 of the first substrate surface 401.
[0115] In some embodiments, the first polishing pad 421 includes a surface roughness about equal to a surface roughness of the second polishing pad 423 and a surface roughness of the third polishing pad is less than the surface roughness of the second polishing pad 423.
[0116] In some embodiments, the method 600 includes removing the substrate 122 from the polishing chamber 105 (Figure 1B) after performing the bulk polishing operation and the fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface 401 of the substrate 122 and flipping the substrate after removing the substrate from the polishing chamber 105. For example, in a serial batch substrate polishing operation, after each substrate of a plurality of substrates has had one side polished, the substrates are flipped and each substrate of the plurality of substrates has the other side polished using the same chamber.
[0117] Operation 609, as shown in Figures 4D and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the first polishing pad 107a, 425 using the carriage assembly 114 and performing the bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403 of the substrate 122. In some embodiments, the first polishing operation forms the bulk polished surface 409 on the second substrate surface 403.
[0118] In some embodiments, the substrate 122 is a first substrate and the polishing head 110 of the polishing chamber 105 translates a second substrate over the first polishing pad 107a before performing the bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403 of the first substrate.
[0119] Operation 611, as shown in Figures 4E and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the second polishing pad 427 and performing the second polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403. In some embodiments, the second polishing operation forms the bulk polished surface 409 from the second substrate surface 403. In some embodiments, the second polishing operation forms the bulk polished surface 409 from the second substrate surface 403.
[0120] Operation 613, as shown in Figures 4E and 1B, includes translating the substrate 122 over the third polishing pad 107c and performing the fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface 403. In some embodiments, the fine polishing operation forms the fine polished surface 411 on the substrate surface 403 from the bulk polished surface 409 on the second substrate surface 403.
[0121] The method 600 enables enhanced efficiency and throughput of serial substrate polishing by enabling less time consuming polishing operations to be performed on one polishing pad 106 while more time consuming polishing operations are simultaneously performed on one or more polishing pads 106. For example, in a single chamber batch polishing operation, each substrate can have a surface receive a single bulk polishing operation and two fine polishing operations before leaving the chamber 105. In some embodiments, the method 600 can be performed with two bulk polishing operations and one fine polishing operation after the two bulk polishing operations on each surface. In some embodiments, the method 600 can be performed with one bulk polishing operations and two fine polishing operation after the bulk polishing operations on each surface. In some embodiments, the two or more bulk polishing operations use the same type of polishing pad and the same slurry. In some embodiments, the two or more fine polishing operations use the same type of polishing pad and the same slurry.
[0122] Figures 7A-7E are schematic cross-sectional views of the polishing head 110 and the substrate 122 during a method 800 of Figure 8. Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram view of the method 800 of processing substrates for semiconductor manufacturing, according to one or more embodiments.
[0123] As shown in Figure 7A, the substrate 122 is disposed in the polishing head 110. The substrate 122 includes a first substrate surface 701 and a second substrate surface 703. In some embodiments the first substrate surface 701 is a carbon rich surface or carbon surface 701 and the second surface 703 is a silicon rich surface, for example a silicon surface 701. The membrane 117 applies a downward force to the second surface 703 during a polishing operation. In some embodiments, a plurality of substrates are each polished in a serial polishing operation using the multi-station polishing system 101 comprising the plurality of polishing stations 100a-c, where one or more of the polishing stations are different than the other polishing station as illustrated in Figure 1B. For example, the polishing station 100a and polishing station 100b are bulk polishing stations and polishing station 100c is a fine polishing station (Figure 1B) . In another example, the polishing station 100a is a bulk polishing station while polishing station 100b and polishing station 100c are fine polishing stations. In some embodiments, a substrate surface undergoes a bulk polishing operation and a subsequent fine polishing operation without leaving the multi-station polishing system 101 and before the opposite substrate surface undergoes a polishing operation.
[0124] Method 800 includes a method of chemical mechanical polishing of the substrate for semiconductor manufacturing.
[0125] Operation 801, as shown in Figure 7B, includes performing a bulk polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of one or more substrates 122 with a polishing pad 106 to form a bulk polished silicon surface 705. The bulk polished silicon surface 705 of each of the one or more substrates 122 is disposed opposite the carbon surface 701 of each of the one or more substrates 122.
[0126] In some embodiments, the method 800 includes an optional operation 802. Operation 802, as shown in Figure 7C, includes performing a fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of one or more substrates 122 with a polishing pad 723 to form a fine polished silicon surface 707 on the silicon surface 703 of each of the one or more substrates 122.
[0127] In some embodiments, the method 800 includes translating the one or more substrates to a second chamber after performing the bulk polishing in a first chamber and performing the fine polishing operation in the second chamber. For example, the first chamber and the second chamber are similar to chamber 105 and the polishing pads 106 in the first chamber are bulk polishing pads and the polishing pads 106 in the second chamber are fine polishing pads 106.
[0128] Operation 803, as shown in Figure 7D, includes performing a bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 on each of the one or more substrates 122 with a polishing pad 725 to form a bulk polished carbon surface 709 of each substrate 122 of the one or more substrates 122. In some embodiments, all of the one or more substrates 122 are flipped after performing the fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 and before the bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701. In some embodiments, the substrates 122 are flipped outside of the chamber 105 (Figure 1B) .
[0129] In some embodiments, the bulk polishing operation includes reducing a thickness T1 of each of the one or more substrates by a rate of at least 5 microns per hour. For example, the bulk polishing operation reduces the thickness the silicon surface 703 of each of the one or more substrates 122 by a rate of at least 5 microns per hour or faster and the bulk polishing operation reduces the thickness the carbon surface 701 of each of the one or more substrates 122 by a rate of at least 10 microns per hour or faster. In some embodiments, each bulk polishing operation removes about 1 micrometer to about 2 micrometers from the thickness T1 of each of the one or more substrates 122.
[0130] In some embodiments, performing the fine polishing on the silicon surface 703 includes performing the fine polishing operation on the bulk polished silicon surface 705 before performing the bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701.
[0131] Operation 805, as shown in Figure 7E, includes performing a fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface 709 of each of the one or more substrates 122 to form a fine polished carbon surface 711 on each of the one or more substrates 122.
[0132] In some embodiments, performing the bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 401 of each substrate 122 and performing the fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface 709 of each substrate 122 occurs before each substrate leaves the chamber 105 such that the bulk polishing operation and fine polishing operation are performed on the carbon surface 401 of the substrate 122 before the substrate 122 leaves the chamber 105.
[0133] In one example, the first polishing pad 107a is a bulk polishing pad, the second polishing pad 107b is a bulk polishing pad, and the third polishing pad 107c is a fine polishing pad. The method 800 includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate122 with the first polishing pad 107a, performing a second bulk polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate 122 with the second polishing pad 107b, and performing a first fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate 122 with the third polishing pad 107c. After the first fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703, the method 800 includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate122 with the first polishing pad 107a, performing a second bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate 122 with the second polishing pad 107b, and performing a first fine polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate 122 with the third polishing pad 107c.
[0134] In another example, the first polishing pad 107a is a bulk polishing pad, the second polishing pad 107b is a fine polishing pad, and the third polishing pad 107c is a fine polishing pad. The method 800 includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate122 with the first polishing pad 107a, performing a first fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate 122 with the second polishing pad 107b, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703 of the substrate 122 with the third polishing pad 107c. After the second fine polishing operation on the silicon surface 703, the method 800 includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate122 with the first polishing pad 107a, performing a first fine polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate 122 with the second polishing pad 107b, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 of the substrate 122 with the third polishing pad 107c.
[0135] The following are non-limiting examples of the method 800.Example 4
[0136] In example 4 of method 800, the silicon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad, performing a second bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad, and performing a first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad. After the first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate, the substrate is flipped and the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished.
[0137] The polishing of the carbon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a third bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a fourth bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0138] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation. The bulk polishing slurry is similar to the bulk polishing slurry of Example 1.
[0139] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad during the respective first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad are both polyurethane based pads. The first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation, combined, polish the substrate for about 400 seconds to about 600 seconds, for example, about 500 seconds.
[0140] Each of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 5 microns μm / hr to about 10 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 6 μm / hr to about 9 μm / hr during each bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface. The combination of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by about 1 μm to about 2 μm from the initial thickness.
[0141] After the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.15 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0142] The first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface is similar to the first fine polishing operation in Example 1. The first fine polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface includes a duration of about 400 seconds. The first fine polishing operation reduces the substrate thickness by less than 0.3 μm from the thickness after the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation.
[0143] After the first fine polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 nanometers or less, for example, the silicon rich surface 403 has an Ra of about 0.08 nanometers or less. After the first fine polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0144] The substrate 122 is flipped and the carbon rich surface 401 is polished after the first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface 403.
[0145] The polishing of the carbon rich surface includes performing a third bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a fourth bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0146] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation similar to the bulk polishing slurry in Example 1. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing slurry used during the first and second bulk polishing operations is the same slurry used during the third and fourth bulk polishing operations.
[0147] The carbon rich surface is pressed against the first polishing pad and the second polishing pad during the respective the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing. During each of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 60 seconds to about 150 seconds, for example, about 80 seconds. The force and angular velocity (RPM) applied to the substrate are similar to the third and fourth bulk polishing operations of Example 1.
[0148] Each of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 10 μm / hr to about 30 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is about 15 μm / hr to about 25 μm / hr during each of the bulk polishing operations on the carbon rich surface. The combination of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation reduces the thickness of the substrate by about 0.8 μm to about 1.2 μm.
[0149] After the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.2 to about 0.5 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.08 nanometers or less.
[0150] The second fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface is similar to the second fine polishing operation of Example 1. During the second fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 50 seconds to about 150 seconds, for example, about 80 seconds. In some embodiments, the second fine polishing operation is about equal to each duration of the third bulk polishing operation and the fourth bulk polishing operation.
[0151] After the second fine polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.08 nanometers, or less.Example 5
[0152] In example 5 of method 800, the silicon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad, performing a first fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad, and performing a second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad. After the second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate, the substrate is flipped and the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished.
[0153] The polishing of the carbon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a second bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a third fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a fourth fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad. The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the first bulk polishing operation similar to the bulk polishing slurry in Example 2.
[0154] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad during the first bulk polishing operation. In some embodiments, the first polishing pad is a polyurethane based pad. During the first bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 450 seconds to about 550 seconds. The substrate 122 has a force applied and is rotated similarly to the first bulk polishing operation of Example 2.
[0155] The first bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate of about 5 μm / hr to about 10 μm / hr during the first bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The first bulk polishing operation reduces the thickness of the substrate by about 1 μm to about 2 μm.
[0156] After the first bulk polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.2 nanometers and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers.
[0157] The first and second fine polishing operations on the silicon rich surface are similar to the first and second fine polishing operations of Example 2.
[0158] The silicon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against each of the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad during the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation respectively. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad are poromeric pads. The first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation, combined, polish the silicon rich surface for at least 350 second or more, for example, about 400 seconds.
[0159] The first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation each include a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the each of the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation on the silicon rich substrate surface. The first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation reduces the thickness of the substrate by about 0.3 μm or less, for example, 0.1 μm or less.
[0160] After the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation, the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.5 to about 5 nanometers and the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 nanometers or less, for example, a surface roughness of about 0.08 nanometers..
[0161] After the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is flipped and the carbon rich surface 401 is polished.
[0162] The polishing of the carbon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a second bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface with the first polishing pad, performing, a third fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a fourth fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0163] The substrate 122 receives a bulk polishing slurry during the second bulk polishing operation similar to the bulk polishing slurry of Example 2. In some embodiments, the bulk polishing slurry used during the first polishing operations is the same slurry used during the second bulk polishing operation.
[0164] The carbon rich surface of the substrate 122 is pressed against the first polishing pad during the second bulk polishing operation. During the second bulk polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for about 100 seconds to about 200 seconds, for example, about 150 seconds.
[0165] The substrate 122 is rotated and has a force applied during the second bulk polishing similar to the rate and force in Example 2.
[0166] The second bulk polishing operation includes a material removal rate from the carbon rich substrate surface of about 15 μm / hr to about 30 μm / hr during the second bulk polishing operation. The second bulk polishing operation reduces the thickness of the substrate by about 0.8 μm to about 1.2 μm.
[0167] After the second bulk polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.08 nanometers or less and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.2 to about 0.5 nanometers.
[0168] The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation on the carbon rich surface each include supplying fine polishing slurry similar to the fine polish slurry in Example 2.
[0169] The carbon rich surface is pressed against the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, respectively. In some embodiments, the second polishing pad and the third polishing pad are the same poromeric pads used in the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation. During the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, the substrate 122 is polished for a combined duration about 250 seconds to about 350 seconds, for example, about 300 seconds. In some embodiments, the second bulk polishing operation is about equal to each duration of the third fine polishing operation and the fourth fine polishing operation.
[0170] The substrate 122 is rotated and has a force applied during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation similar to the rate and force in Example 2.
[0171] The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation each include a material removal rate of about 0.001 μm / hr to about 2 μm / hr. For example, the material removal rate is less than 1 μm / hr during the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation on the carbon rich substrate surface. The third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation reduces the thickness of the substrate by 0.3 μm or less.
[0172] After the third fine polishing operation and fourth fine polishing operation, the silicon rich surface 403 has a surface roughness of about 0.08 nanometers, and the carbon rich surface 401 has a surface roughness of about 0.1 to about 0.12 nanometers.Example 6
[0173] In example 6 of method 800, the silicon rich surface of the substrate is polished first. The polishing includes performing a first bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a first polishing pad, second bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a second polishing pad, and performing a third bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate surface with a third polishing pad. After third bulk polishing operation on the silicon rich surface of the substrate, the substrate is flipped and the carbon rich surface of the substrate is polished.
[0174] The polishing of the carbon rich surface of the substrate includes performing a fourth bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, performing a fifth bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the second polishing pad, and performing a sixth bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the third polishing pad.
[0175] The first, second, and third bulk polishing operations performed on the silicon rich surface of the substrate are similar to the first bulk polishing operation of Example 4.
[0176] After the first, second, and third bulk polishing operations on the silicon rich surface 403, the substrate 122 is flipped and the carbon rich surface 401 is polished.
[0177] The polishing of the carbon rich surface of the substrate includes performing the fourth, fifth, and sixth bulk polishing operations on the carbon rich surface of the substrate surface with the first polishing pad, the second polishing pad, and the third polishing pad respectively.
[0178] The fourth, fifth, and sixth bulk polishing operations include similar parameters to the first, second, and third bulk polishing operations. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that when the silicon rich surface 403 is polished before the carbon rich surface 401, a fine polish on the carbon rich surface is not required to remove a dark edge ring from the carbon rich surface 401 of the substrate. Described another way, a bulk polishing operation on the carbon rich surface after a polishing operation on the silicon rich surface is able to remove optical artifacts or defects from the carbon rich surface.
[0179] Benefits of the present disclosure include removal of the dark edge ring from the substrate. Using a multistep polishing operation on the carbon surface 701 after polishing the silicon surface 703 results in an enhanced substrate. The use of the membrane 117 prevents damage to the fine polished silicon surface 707 during subsequent polishing of the carbon surface. Further, the substrate is enhanced by reducing or removing the dark edge ring during a substrate polishing operation.
[0180] It is contemplated that one or more aspects disclosed herein may be combined. As an example, one or more aspects, features, components, operations and / or properties of the multi-station polishing system 101, and the methods 500 and 600, shown in Figures 4A-4E, and method 800 shown in Figures 7A-7E may be combined. Moreover, it is contemplated that one or more aspects disclosed herein may include some or all of the aforementioned benefits.
[0181] While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present disclosure, other and further embodiments of the disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims
1.A method of chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate for semiconductor manufacturing comprising:retrieving a substrate using a polishing head such that a first substrate surface is oriented away from the polishing head and a second substrate surface is oriented toward the polishing head, the first substrate surface being a carbon rich surface;translating the polishing head over a bulk polishing pad and performing a first bulk polishing operation on the first substrate surface of the substrate;translating the polishing head over a fine polishing pad and performing a first fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface of the substrate;reorienting the substrate such that the first substrate surface is oriented toward the polishing head and the second substrate surface is oriented away from the polishing head, the second substrate surface being a device side of the substrate;translating the polishing head over the bulk polishing pad and performing a second bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface; andtranslating the polishing head over the fine polishing pad and performing a second fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a first substrate, and the polishing head translates a second substrate over the bulk polishing pad before performing the second bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface of the first substrate.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a silicon carbide substrate.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second bulk polishing operations reduce a thickness of the substrate at a removal rate of least 4 microns per hour or more, the first and second bulk polishing operations comprising supplying a first slurry to the substrate, the first slurry having a pH of less than 7 and comprising alumina particles.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the first fine polishing operation and the second fine polishing operation reduce the thickness of the substrate at a removal rate of 10%or less than the removal rate of the first bulk polishing operation and the second bulk polishing operation, the first fine polishing operation and second fine polishing operation comprising supplying a second slurry to the substrate, the second slurry comprising a pH greater than 7 and silicon dioxide particles.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the bulk polishing pad is a polyurethane-based pad.7.The method of claim 1, wherein the first fine polishing operation removes material at a rate of 10%or less than a removal rate of the first bulk polishing operation.8.The method of claim 1, wherein the polishing head comprises a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane having a surface roughness of about 70 micro-inches or greater.9.The method of claim 1, further comprising:translating the polishing head over a second polishing pad and performing a second polishing operation on the first substrate surface of the substrate after the first bulk polishing operation and before the first fine polishing operation.10.A method of chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate for semiconductor manufacturing comprising:translating the substrate over a first polishing pad disposed in a polishing system using a carriage assembly and performing a bulk polishing operation on a first substrate surface of the substrate, the first substrate surface being a carbon containing surface, wherein the bulk polishing operation includes supplying a first slurry having a pH of less than 7 to the substrate;translating the substrate over a second polishing pad disposed in the polishing system and performing a second polishing operation on the first substrate surface;translating the substrate over a third polishing pad disposed in the polishing system and performing a fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface, wherein the fine polishing operation includes supplying a second slurry having a pH greater than 7 to the substrate;translating the substrate over the first polishing pad using the carriage assembly and performing the bulk polishing operation on a second substrate surface of the substrate, the second substrate surface being a device surface of the substrate opposite the first substrate surface;translating the substrate over the second polishing pad and performing the second polishing operation on the second substrate surface; andtranslating the substrate over the third polishing pad and performing the fine polishing operation on the second substrate surface.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is a first substrate, and a polishing head of the polishing system translates a second substrate over the first polishing pad before performing the bulk polishing operation on the second substrate surface of the first substrate.12.The method of claim 10, wherein the first polishing pad comprises a surface roughness about equal to a surface roughness of the second polishing pad, and a surface roughness of the third polishing pad is less than the surface roughness of the second polishing pad.13.The method of claim 10, wherein the bulk polishing operation and the second polishing operation both include an equal duration.14.The method of claim 10, further comprising:removing the substrate from the polishing system after performing the bulk polishing operation and the fine polishing operation on the first substrate surface of the substrate; andflipping the substrate after removing the substrate from the polishing system.15.A method of chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate for semiconductor manufacturing comprising:performing a bulk polishing operation on a silicon surface of one or more substrates with a polishing pad to form a bulk polished silicon surface, the bulk polished silicon surface of each of the one or more substrates disposed opposite a carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates;performing a bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates with the polishing pad to form a bulk polished carbon surface of each substrate of the one or more substrates; andperforming a fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates to form a fine polished carbon surface on each of the one or more substrates.16.The method of claim 15, further comprising:performing the fine polishing operation on the bulk polished silicon surface of each substrate of the one or more substrates before performing the fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface of each of the one or more substrates.17.The method of claim 15, further comprising:after performing the bulk polishing in a first chamber, translating the one or more substrates to a second chamber; andperforming the fine polishing operation in the second chamber.18.The method of claim 15, wherein the bulk polishing operation comprises reducing a thickness of each of the one or more substrates by a rate of at least 5 microns per hour.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the bulk polishing operation further comprises:from the silicon surface, reducing the thickness of each of the one or more substrates by a rate of at least 5 microns per hour or faster; andfrom the carbon surface, reducing the thickness of each of the one or more substrates by a rate of at least 10 microns per hour or faster.20.The method of claim 15, wherein performing the bulk polishing operation on the carbon surface of each substrate and performing the fine polishing operation on the bulk polished carbon surface of each substrate occurs before each substrate leaves a chamber.