Addition cure siloxanes with high adhesion to metal surfaces
A two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition with specific components forms a cohesive layer on metal surfaces, enhancing adhesion and overcoming the limitations of existing siloxane curing methods by eliminating the need for moisture or heat.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing siloxane compositions face challenges in achieving strong adhesion to metal surfaces, particularly in addition cure siloxanes, which tend to have weak adhesion and require additional energy input or moisture for curing, and photocurable and thermally curable siloxanes are limited by exposure to radiation or heat.
A two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprising Part A: polyvinyl siloxane, platinum catalyst, titanium alkoxide, and filler, and Part B: polyvinyl siloxane, silicon-hydride crosslinkers, silane coupling agent, and filler, which upon curing forms a cohesive layer on metal surfaces.
The composition achieves enhanced adhesion to metal surfaces, demonstrated by cohesive failure upon peel testing, and allows for additives without requiring moisture or heat, addressing the limitations of existing siloxane curing methods.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025073280-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025073280-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025073280-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
ADDITION CURE SILOXANES WITH HIGH ADHESION TO METAL SURFACESSummary
[0001] Disclosed herein are two-part curable siloxane compositions, and articles prepared with the two-part curable siloxane compositions. Two very similar embodiments of the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition are disclosed,
[0002] In some embodiments, the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprises Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, at least one titanium alkoxide, and at least one filler and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler. The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion.
[0003] Also disclosed is a second embodiment of the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition that comprises Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, and at least one filler and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one titanium alkoxide, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler. The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion.
[0004] Also disclosed are articles comprising a metal layer with at least a first major surface and a cured siloxane layer disposed on the first major surface of the metal layer. The cured siloxane layer is prepared by mixing, coating and curing a two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition as described above.,Detailed Description
[0005] Cured siloxane layers are useful in a wide range of applications as adhesives, sealants, and potting compounds. There are a variety of curing siloxanes including moisture curing siloxanes, photocurable siloxanes, thermally curable siloxanes, and addition curing siloxanes. Each curing type is defined by the reactive groups present on the siloxane reactants, and each type of curing has advantages and disadvantages.
[0006] Moisture curing siloxanes, also called condensation curing siloxanes, involve two related reaction types. The first is the condensation reaction itself, the second is moisture curing, which is a 2-step condensation curing reaction. This sequence is summarized in Reaction Scheme 1 below:
[0007] -Si-OR + H2O → -Si-OH + ROH
[0008] -Si-OH +-Si-OH → -Si-O-Si-+ H2O
[0009] Reaction Scheme 1
[0010] While this reaction is widely used, it utilizes moisture to cure and therefore requires that the reactants be isolated from moisture prior to application. Moisture curing siloxanes have a variety of limitations that make them unattractive for many uses. Among these limitations is the fact that the curing reaction generates water which has to outgas from the reaction mixture. Also, there are thickness limitations since the curing reaction requires moisture from the outside environment to cure. For example, in thicker applications the outer layer of the adhesive can cure with moisture from the atmosphere to seal off the bulk of the reactive mixture and leaving it uncured or only partially cured. The need for atmospheric moisture provides additional complications because the amount of moisture present in the atmosphere can vary greatly, and thus it can be difficult to achieve a consistent level of curing with moisture curing compositions. Additionally, while the moisture curing siloxanes typically have strong adhesion to a wide range of substrates including metals, they typically are not easily modified by the addition of additives. Often it is desirable to modify the cured siloxanes with additives such as flame-retardant additives and the like.
[0011] Photocuring siloxanes are another class of curable siloxanes. This curing mechanism involves free radical curing of ethylenically unsaturated siloxanes. Actinic radiation, such as UV (ultraviolet) radiation is used to activate an initiator and generate free radicals to initiate polymerization. A disadvantage of this cuing mechanism is that the entire photocuring composition must be exposed to the radiation in order to effect complete curing.
[0012] Thermally curing siloxanes are similar to photocuring siloxanes in that both involve free radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated siloxanes. In this case, a thermally sensitive initiator is used, either a peroxide or other thermally sensitive initiator to generate free radicals to initiate polymerization. A disadvantage of this type of curing composition is the necessity of exposing the curable composition to heat to cure the composition, so this mechanism is not suitable for use with substrates that are thermally sensitive, or which are inconvenient to expose to heat.
[0013] Another class of curing siloxanes are addition cure siloxanes. These siloxanes cure by hydrosilylation. Hydrosilylation, also called catalytic hydrosilation, describes the addition of Si-H bonds across unsaturated bonds. When hydrosilylation is used for curing, typically both the Si-H and unsaturated bonds are present on siloxane molecules. These curable compositions are often two-part curable compositions, where the Si-H functional siloxane and the unsaturated siloxanes are kept in separate parts. The hydrosilylation reaction is typically catalyzed by a platinum catalyst. In this reaction, the Si-H adds across the double bond to form new C-H and Si-C bonds. This process in described, for example, in PCT Publication No. WO 2000 / 068336 (Ko et al. ) , and PCT Publication Nos. WO 2004 / 111151 and WO 2006 / 003853 (Nakamura) . Advantages of this type of curable siloxane include the ease of application because the two parts are mixed and dispensed in a controlled manner and require no additional input of energy to cure and do not require the presence of moisture, as well as the ability to add a wide range of additives to the curable compositions without adversely affecting the properties. A disadvantage of these types of curable siloxanes is that they tend to have weak adhesion to some substrates, especially metals.
[0014] Described herein are two-part curable siloxane compositions that upon curing have increased adhesion to metal surfaces. The increases adhesion is evidenced by the cured siloxane layer fails cohesively from a metal surface when tested for peel adhesion. The two-part curable siloxane compositions comprise Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, at least one titanium alkoxide, and at least one filler, and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler. Also disclosed is an alternative embodiment of the two-part curable siloxane compositions that comprise Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, and at least one filler, and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one titanium alkoxide, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler. The two embodiments are closely related and only differ in the location of titanium alkoxide, in the first embodiment it is located in Part A, in the second embodiment it is located in Part B. Also disclosed are articles comprising a metal substrate with the cured siloxane layer.
[0015] The terms “siloxane-based” as used herein refer to polymers or units of polymers that contain siloxane units. The terms silicone or siloxane are used interchangeably and refer to units with dialkyl or diaryl siloxane (-SiR2O-) repeating units. The terms siloxane and silicone are used interchangeably herein.
[0016] The terms "room temperature" and "ambient temperature" are used interchangeably to mean temperatures in the range of 20℃ to 25℃.
[0017] The terms “Tg” and “glass transition temperature” are used interchangeably. If measured, Tg values are determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at a scan rate of 10℃ / minute, unless otherwise indicated. Typically, Tg values for copolymers are not measured but are calculated using the well-known Fox Equation, using the monomer Tg values provided by the monomer supplier, as is understood by one of skill in the art.
[0018] The term “adjacent” as used herein when referring to two layers means that the two layers are in proximity with one another with no intervening open space between them. They may be in direct contact with one another (e.g. laminated together) or there may be intervening layers.
[0019] The terms “polymer” and “macromolecule” are used herein consistent with their common usage in chemistry. Polymers and macromolecules are composed of many repeated subunits. As used herein, the term “macromolecule” is used to describe a group attached to a monomer that has multiple repeating units. The term “polymer” is used to describe the resultant material formed from a polymerization reaction.
[0020] The term “alkyl” refers to a monovalent group that is a radical of an alkane, which is a saturated hydrocarbon. The alkyl can be linear, branched, cyclic, or combinations thereof and typically has 1 to 20 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, the alkyl group contains 1 to 18, 1 to 12, 1 to 10, 1 to 8, 1 to 6, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples ofalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, and ethylhexyl.
[0021] The term “aryl” refers to a monovalent group that is aromatic and carbocyclic. The aryl can have one to five rings that are connected to or fused to the aromatic ring. The other ring structures can be aromatic, non-aromatic, or combinations thereof. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, anthryl, naphthyl, acenaphthyl, anthraquinonyl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, pyrenyl, perylenyl, and fluorenyl.
[0022] The terms “free radically polymerizable” and “ethylenically unsaturated” are used interchangeably and refer to a reactive group which contains a carbon-carbon double bond which is able to be polymerized via a free radical polymerization mechanism.
[0023] Disclosed herein are two-part room temperature curable siloxane compositions. In some embodiments, the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprises Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, at least one titanium alkoxide, and at least one filler, and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler, wherein the two-part curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion. A second embodiment in which the titanium alkoxide is located in Part B is described below.
[0024] Part A of the two-part room temperature curable comprises at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, at least one titanium alkoxide, and at least one filler. Part A may comprise other optional additives as long as the additives do not interfere with the curing of the composition or properties of the cured composition.
[0025] A wide variety of polyvinyl siloxane materials are suitable for Part A of the two-part room temperature curable compositions of this disclosure. Generally, the polyvinyl siloxane materials are fluids that are described by Formula 1 below:
[0026] where R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group and a vinyl-functional group, each R5 is an alkyl group, each X is a vinyl-functional group or an alkyl group, and n and m are integers, and at least one of m or n is not zero. The X groups are frequently referred to as “terminal” groups and the R1, R2, R3, and R4 groups are referred to as “pendant” groups.
[0027] In some embodiments of Formula 1 each X is a vinyl-functional group (-HC=CH2) , and R1, R2, R3, and R4 are alkyl groups. In other embodiments of Formula 1, R1, R3 or both are vinyl-functional groups, and each X group is an alkyl group. In yet other embodiments of Formula 1, each X is a group, and R1, R3 or both are vinyl-functional groups.
[0028] In some embodiments, R1 and R2 are alkyl groups and n is zero, i.e., the material is a poly (dialkylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, the alkyl group is a methyl group, i.e., poly (dimethylsiloxane) ( “PDMS” ) . In some embodiments, R1 is an alkyl group, R2 is an aryl group, and n is zero, i.e., the material is a poly (alkylarylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, R1 is methyl group and R2 is a phenyl group, i.e., the material is poly (methylphenylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, R1 and R2 are alkyl groups and R3 and R4 are aryl groups, i.e., the material is a poly (dialkyldiarylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, R1 and R2 are methyl groups, and R3 and R4 are phenyl groups, i.e., the material is poly (dimethyldiphenylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, the poly diorganosiloxane materials may be branched. For example, one or more of the R1, R2, R3, and / or R4 groups may be a linear or branched siloxane with alkyl or aryl (including halogenated alkyl or aryl) substituents and terminal R5 groups.
[0029] In some commercially available embodiments, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are all methyl groups, making the material a polydimethyl siloxane or PDMS material. In other embodiments, at least some of the R1, R2, R3, and R4 are aryl groups.
[0030] A wide variety of vinyl-functional siloxanes are commercially available. Examples of suitable vinyl-functional siloxanes include ANDISIL VS 500 and ANDISIL VS 1000 from AB Specialty Silicones Co. Ltd, Waukegan, IL.
[0031] The first part of the two-part composition of the present disclosure includes a hydrosilylation catalyst. The hydrosilylation catalyst can function to catalyze the formation of a network during curing. The catalyst can be any of those known to catalyze the addition of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms (hydride groups) to silicon-bonded vinyl radicals (that is, hydrosilylation catalysts) . In some embodiments, the hydrosilylation catalyst includes a transition metal catalyst. The transition metal catalyst is typically a platinum group metal catalyst: ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. Platinum group metal-containing catalysts can be any of those that are compatible with polysiloxanes. Examples of suitable platinum group metal containing catalysts include platinic chloride, salts of platinum, chloroplatinic acid, and various complexes. In examples where the hydrosilylation catalyst includes a platinum complex, the catalyst can be added in an amount to provide from about 1 ppm to about 1000 ppm platinum to the two-part composition, in some embodiments, to provide about 10 ppm to about 250 ppm, or less than, equal to, or greater than about 1 ppm, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900, 910, 920, 930, 940, 950, 960, 970, 980, 990, or about 1000 ppm platinum to the two-part composition (e.g., the first part or the curable composition resulting from combining the first part and the second part) . In some embodiments, the hydrosilylation catalyst is chloroplatinic acid, complexed with a siloxane such as tetramethylvinylcyclo siloxane (i.e. 1, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyl-1, 3, 5, 7-tetravinylcyclosiloxane) or 1, 3-divinyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane, bis (acetylacetonato) platinum (ii) , cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) , di-μ-chloro-bis [chloro (cyclohexene) platinum (ii) ] , cis-dichlorobis (triphenylphosphane) platinum (ii) , dichloro (cycloocta-1.5-diene) platinum (ii) , dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate (iv) hydrate, dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate (iv) , platinum (0) divinyltetramethylsiloxane complex, tetrakis (triphenylphosphane) platinum (0) , dihydrogen hexachloroplatinate (iv) solution, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydrosilylation catalyst is a platinum (0) -1, 3-divinyl-1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane complex (i.e., Karstedt's catalyst) . Particularly suitable are the Pt catalysts available from Heraeus Group.
[0032] Part A further comprises a titanium alkoxide. The titanium alkoxide comprises Formula 2:
[0033] Ti (ORa) 4
[0034] Formula 2
[0035] wherein Ra is an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms. Particularly suitable is titanium butoxide, commercially available as TYZOR 9000 from Chemical Reagents Limited Company, [address] [is this the correct supplier? I can't find them on the internet] .
[0036] Part A further comprises at least one filler. A wide range of fillers are suitable. Particularly suitable fillers are polymer bubbles, hollow ceramic microspheres, glass bubbles, or a combination thereof. Glass bubbles and polymeric bubbles are particularly suitable because it has been found that the presence of glass bubbles decreases the density of the cured composition. Additionally, the presence of one or more of polymer bubbles, hollow ceramic microspheres, glass bubbles can help foaming processes, if foaming processes are desired. In some embodiments, the glass bubbles comprise hollow borosilicate glass bubbles with a true density of from 0.1-0.8 g / cm3. Examples of suitable glass bubbles include XLD3000 glass bubbles from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN.
[0037] In addition to the above-described components, Part A may further comprise one of more additional optional additives. Examples of suitable additives include a silicone fluid, a colorant, a thixotropic agent, a flame-retardant agent, an inorganic material, an inhibitor, or a combination thereof.
[0038] Silicone fluids are siloxane-based fluids that do not contain reactive functional groups that can become involved in the hydrosilylation reaction that cures the mixture. Examples of silicone fluids include ANDISIL SF 500 and ANDISIL SF 1243 from AB Specialty Silicones Co, . LTD, Waukegan, IL.
[0039] Examples of suitable colorants include carbon black, and the Blue and Yellow color pastes available from ColorSun Company.
[0040] Examples of suitable thixotropic agents include fumed silica such as TS720 from Cabot Corporation.
[0041] Examples of flame-retardant agents include intumescent polyphosphate reagents. Examples of intumescent polyphosphate reagents include ammonium polyphosphate; melamine polyphosphate; ethylene diamine phosphate, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable intumescent polyphosphate reagent include INTUMAX AC-3 from Broadview Technologies, Newark, NJ. Part A may also comprise other flame-retardant agents. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant agent comprises boron-based flame retardants, melamine, aluminosilicate, red phosphorous powder, organophosphorus compounds, expendable graphite, talc, and combinations thereof. Particularly suitable additional flame-retardant agents include: some phosphorous-containing flame retardants encapsulated in a crosslinked, nitrogen-containing polymer are commercially available, for example, ammonium polyphosphate micro-encapsulated with melamine resin is available under the designations EXOLIT AP 462 from Clariant Corporation, Charlotte, N. C., and FR CROS 487 from Budenheim, Mansfield, Ohio.
[0042] Suitable inorganic materials include fibrous and particulate fillers. The inorganic material can include glass fibers, aluminum silicate (mullite) , synthetic calcium silicate, zirconium silicate, fused silica, crystalline silica graphite, natural silica sand, boron powders (e.g., boron-nitride powder or boron-silicate powders, oxides (e.g., TiO2, aluminum oxide (particulate or fibrous) , magnesium oxide, or zinc oxide) , calcium sulfate (e.g., as its anhydride, dehydrate, or trihydrate) , calcium carbonate (e.g., chalk, limestone, marble, or synthetic precipitated calcium carbonates) , talc (e.g., fibrous, modular, needle shaped, or lamellar talc) , wollastonite, surface-treated wollastonite, ceramic spheres (e.g., hollow and solid glass spheres, silicate spheres, cenospheres, or aluminosilicate (armospheres) ) , kaolin (e.g., hard kaolin, soft kaolin, or calcined kaolin) , single crystal fibers or “whiskers” (e.g., of silicon carbide, alumina, boron carbide, iron, nickel, or copper) , fibers, including continuous and chopped fibers, (e.g., asbestos or carbon fibers) and short inorganic fibers such as those derived from blends including at least one of aluminum silicates, aluminum oxides, magnesium oxides, or calcium sulfate hemihydrate) , sulfides (e.g., molybdenum sulfide or zinc sulfide) , barium compounds (e.g., barium titanate, barium ferrite, barium sulfate, or heavy spar) , metals (e.g., bronze, zinc, copper and nickel metal mesh or metal plate) , flaked fillers (e.g., glass flakes, flaked silicon carbide, aluminum diboride, aluminum flakes, or steel flakes) , mica, clay, feldspar, flue dust, fillite, quartz, quartzite, perlite, Tripoli, diatomaceous earth, carbon black, and combinations of any of these fillers. The inorganic filler can be surface treated with silanes, siloxanes, or a combination of silanes and siloxanes to improved adhesion and dispersion.
[0043] Examples of suitable inhibitors include DVTMDS (divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane) available as ANDISIL 2827-186L from AB Specialty Silicones Co, . LTD, Waukegan, IL.
[0044] Part B of the two-part room temperature curable comprises at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler. Part B may comprise other optional additives as long as the additives do not interfere with the curing of the composition or properties of the cured composition.
[0045] Part B comprises at least one polyvinyl siloxane. Polyvinyl siloxanes are described in detail above.
[0046] Part B comprises a first silicon hydride crosslinker. The first silicon hydride crosslinker has less than 0.5%hydride groups. A wide variety of first silicon hydride siloxane materials are suitable for Part B of the two-part room temperature curable compositions of this disclosure. Generally, the first silicon hydride siloxane materials are fluids that are described by Formula 3 below:
[0047] where R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, and R19 are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, or an aryl group, each R11 and R20, is an alkyl group or a hydride, p is an integer of 1 or greater and q is an integer of 1 or greater or zero.
[0048] In some embodiments, R11, R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, R19, and R20 are alkyl groups, i.e., the material is a poly (dialkylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, the alkyl group is a methyl group, i.e., poly (dimethylsiloxane) ( “PDMS” ) .
[0049] The silicon hydride siloxanes have less than 0.5%hydride groups. A wide variety of silicon hydride siloxanes are commercially available. Suitable silicon hydride siloxanes for use as the first silicon hydride crosslinker include ANDISIL MH 20 and ANDISIL CE 500 from AB Specialty Silicones Co. Ltd, Waukegan, IL.
[0050] Part B comprises a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups. A wide variety of second silicon hydride siloxane materials are suitable for Part B of the two-part room temperature curable compositions of this disclosure. The hydride groups may be terminal groups, pendant groups, or a combination thereof as long the second silicon-hydride crosslinker contains at least 0.5%hydride groups.
[0051] Generally, the second silicon hydride siloxane materials are fluids can also be described by Formula 3 below:
[0052] where R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, and R19 are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, or an aryl group, each R11 and R20, is an alkyl group or a hydride, p is an integer of 1 or greater and q is an integer of 1 or greater or zero.
[0053] In some embodiments, R11, R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, R19, and R20 are alkyl groups, i.e., the material is a poly (dialkylsiloxane) . In some embodiments, the alkyl group is a methyl group, i.e., poly (dimethylsiloxane) ( “PDMS” ) .
[0054] In other embodiments, R12, R13, R15, R16, R17, R18, and R19 are alkyl groups, and each R11 and R20, is a hydride. In some embodiments, the alkyl group is a methyl group, i.e., poly (dimethylsiloxane) ( “PDMS” ) .
[0055] Regardless of whether the hydride groups are terminal groups, pendant groups or a combination of terminal and groups, the second silicon-hydride crosslinker contains at least 0.5%hydride groups. In some embodiments, the second silicone-hydride crosslinker comprises a polysiloxane with a Si-H content of at least 5 millimoles / gram.
[0056] A wide variety of hydride-functional siloxanes are commercially available. Suitable silicon hydride siloxanes for use as the second silicon hydride crosslinker include ANDISIL XL-1342 and ANDISIL XL 1B from AB Specialty Silicones Co. Ltd, Waukegan, IL.
[0057] Part B comprises at least one silane coupling agent. A wide variety of silane coupling agents are suitable for Part B of the two-part room temperature curable compositions of this disclosure.
[0058] Coupling agents are well-understood in the adhesive arts and contain at least 2 different functional groups. In some embodiments, the coupling agents are linear groups with functional groups at each terminus, such as epoxy and tri-alkoxy silane. Other coupling agents contain more than 2 functional groups. In the current compositions, epoxy / (meth) acrylate coupling agents are particularly suitable. In some embodiments, the coupling agents contain multiple epoxy groups.
[0059] Examples of suitable silane coupling agents include the epoxy silanes DOWSIL Z-6040 from Dow, Midland MI and KH-560 from Chemical Reagents Limited Company, [address? ] , the coupling agents [what type of coupling agents are these? ] Y1062, YW006, and Y263 from Leadersilicone Company, [address] .
[0060] Part B further comprises at least one filler. A wide range of fillers are suitable. Particularly suitable fillers are polymer bubbles, glass bubbles, or a combination thereof. Glass bubbles and polymeric bubbles are particularly suitable because it has been found that the presence of glass bubbles decreases the density of the cured composition. In some embodiments, the glass bubbles comprise hollow borosilicate glass bubbles with a true density of from 0.1-0.8 g / cm3. Examples of suitable glass bubbles include XLD3000 glass bubbles from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN.
[0061] In addition to the above-described components, Part B may further comprise one of more additional optional additives. Examples of suitable additives include a silicone fluid, a colorant, a thixotropic agent, a flame-retardant agent, an inhibitor, or a combination thereof. These optional additives are described in detail above.
[0062] The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition can have a variety of mixing ratios. In some embodiments, the components of Part A and Part B have a 0.1: 1 to 10:1 mixing ratio.
[0063] Also disclosed is a second embodiment of the two-part room temperature curing siloxane composition. The second embodiment is very similar to the first embodiment with the titanium alkoxide located in Part B instead of Part A. The other components and cured properties are generally the same since upon mixing the two embodiments are the same.
[0064] In both embodiments, the components, including the optional additives, can be present in a range of amounts. The total polyvinyl siloxane or combination of polyvinyl siloxanes can be present in the range of 40-75 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The total crosslinker can be present in an amount of 10-40 parts by weight in Part B. The catalyst can be present in an amount of 0.5-1.0 parts by weight. The total amount of fumed silica can be present in an amount of 0.5-3.5 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The total amount of flame retardant can be present in an amount of 15-50 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The total amount of coupling agent can be present in an amount of 1-10 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The total amount of titanium alkoxide can be present in an amount of 1-5 parts by weight in Part A or Part B. The total amount of glass bubbles can be present in an amount of 15-45 parts by weight. The total amount of silicone oil or silicone fluid is in an amount of 10-40 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The total amount of colorant can be present in an amount of 0.2-1.2 parts by weight in Part A, Part B or a combination of Part A and Part B. The inhibitor, ifpresent, can be present in an amount of 0.01-0.10 parts by weight in Part B.
[0065] Also disclosed herein are articles. In some embodiments, the articles comprise a metal layer with at least a first major surface and a cured siloxane layer disposed on the first major surface of the metal layer, where the cured siloxane layer is prepared by mixing, coating and curing a two-part room temperature curable composition. The two-part room temperature curable siloxane compositions are described above.
[0066] In some embodiments, the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprises Part A: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, at least one platinum catalyst, at least one titanium alkoxide, and at least one filler, and Part B: at least one polyvinyl siloxane, a first silicon-hydride crosslinker, a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups, at least one silane coupling agent, and at least one filler, wherein the two-part curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion. Each of the components of the two-part room temperature curable siloxane compositions is described in detail above.
[0067] A wide variety of metal layers are suitable. In some embodiments, the metal layer comprises aluminum, steel, copper, silver, gold, tin, or alloys thereof.
[0068] EXAMPLES
[0069] These examples are merely for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be limiting on the scope of the appended claims. All parts, percentages, ratios, etc. in the examples and the rest of the specification are by weight, unless noted otherwise. The following abbreviations are used: g = grams; h = hours; ppm = parts per million.
[0070] Table of Abbreviations
[0071] Synthesis Examples
[0072] Synthesis Example S1: Preparation of Coupling Agent 6
[0073] Coupling Agent 6 is a lab made coupling agent which contains vinyl, epoxy and PMDS segments. Coupling Agent 6 was synthesized by two-step reaction. In the first step, the platinum Karstedt catalyst (0.2 g) , hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA, 11.6 g) and ethyl acetate (EA, 200 g) were mixed at 60℃. A terminal silicon-hydrogen polysiloxane (100 g) was dripped into this mixture at 60℃. Afterwards, the reaction mixture reacted at 90℃for 3 h to form a hydroxyl functional PHMS (OH-PHMS) . In the second step, the ester-containing silane (EH-PHMS) was obtained by transesterification with γ- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (Coupling agent-4, 23.6 g) and OH-PHMS, using tetrabutyl titanate (Ti (OBu) 4, 0.37 g) as initiator. Ethyl acetate was removed by reduced pressure distillation.
[0074] Test Methods
[0075] Peel Force
[0076] Adhesive samples were dispensed onto an aluminum substrate, either an aluminum panel (Al202) or aluminum foil that has been cleaned with a 50 / 50 iso-propanol / water mixture. After allowing the adhesive to cure for 24 hours, the cured siloxane was peeled off by hand. Cohesive failure mode is desired, indicating that the adhesive adheres strongly to the metal substrate. Failure mode is listed: “Adhesive” means the cured siloxane failed adhesively and was removed from the aluminum surface; “Cohesive” means that the cured siloxane failed cohesively.
[0077] Examples Ex1-Ex7 and Comparative Examples CE1-CE3:
[0078] Comparative Examples CE1-CE2 and Examples Ex1-Ex4
[0079] The compositions of Comparative Examples CE1-CE2 and Examples Exl-Ex4 are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. The components are all in parts by weight and were mixed by speed mixer mixing.
[0080] Table 1
[0081] Table 2
[0082] Comparative Examples CE3 and Examples Ex5-Ex7
[0083] The compositions of Comparative Example CE3 and Examples Ex5-Ex7 are shown in Table 3 below. The components are all in parts by weight and were mixed by speed mixer mixing.
[0084] Table 3
[0085] Testing of Samples
[0086] The formulations described above were tested for Peel Results according to the test method described above. Parts A and B was mixed in a 1: 1 weight ratio. The samples were either dispensed through a 1 to 1 volume ratio cartridge or mixed in a cup and were applied to an aluminum substrate. After 24 h, the cured siloxane was tested manually for Peel. The Results are shown in Table 4
[0087] Table 4
Claims
1.A two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprising:Part A:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;at least one platinum catalyst;at least one titanium alkoxide; andat least one filler; andPart B:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;a first silicon-hydride crosslinker;a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups;at least one silane coupling agent; andat least one fillerwherein the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion.2.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein the second silicone-hydride crosslinker comprises a polysiloxane with a Si-H content of at least 5 millimoles / gram.3.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein silane coupling agent comprises a vinyl-functional or epoxy-functional silane coupling agent.4.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein the titanium alkoxide comprises Formula 2: Ti (ORa) 4 Formula 2wherein Ra is an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms.5.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one filler in Part A, Part B or both comprises polymer bubbles, glass bubbles, or a combination thereof.6.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein the components of Part A and Part B have a 0.1: 1 to 10: 1 mixing ratio.7.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 1, wherein Part A, Part B, or both further comprise at least one additional additive comprising a silicone fluid, a colorant, a thixotropic agent; a flame-retardant agent, an inhibitor, or a combination thereof.8.A two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition comprising:Part A:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;at least one platinum catalyst; andat least one filler; andPart B:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;a first silicon-hydride crosslinker;a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups;at least one titanium alkoxide;at least one silane coupling agent; andat least one fillerwherein the two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition upon curing on a metal surface forms a cured layer that fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion.9.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 8, wherein the second silicone-hydride crosslinker comprises a polysiloxane with a Si-H content of at least 5 millimoles / gram.10.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 8, wherein silane coupling agent comprises a vinyl-functional or epoxy-functional silane coupling agent.11.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 8, wherein the titanium alkoxide comprises Formula 2: Ti (ORa) 4 Formula 2wherein Ra is an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms.12.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 8, wherein the at least one filler in Part A, Part B or both comprises polymer bubbles, glass bubbles, or a combination thereof.13.The two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition of claim 8, wherein Part A, Part B, or both further comprise at least one additional additive comprising a silicone fluid, a colorant, a thixotropic agent; a flame-retardant agent, an inhibitor, or a combination thereof.14.An article comprising:a metal layer with at least a first major surface; anda cured siloxane layer disposed on the first major surface of the metal layer, wherein the cured siloxane layer is prepared by mixing, coating and curing a two-part room temperature curable siloxane composition, wherein the two-part curable siloxane composition comprises:Part A:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;at least one platinum catalyst; andat least one filler; andPart B:at least one polyvinyl siloxane;a first silicon-hydride crosslinker;a second silicon-hydride crosslinker containing at least 0.5%hydride groups;at least one silane coupling agent; andat least one filler, andat least one titanium alkoxide present either in Part A or Part B,wherein the cured siloxane layer fails cohesively when tested for peel adhesion.15.The article of claim 14, wherein the metal layer comprises aluminum, steel, copper, silver, gold, tin, or alloys thereof.16.The article of claim 14, wherein the second silicone-hydride crosslinker comprises a polysiloxane with a Si-H content of at least 5 millimoles / gram.17.The article of claim 14, wherein silane coupling agent comprises a vinyl-functional or epoxy-functional silane coupling agent.18.The article of claim 14, wherein the titanium alkoxide comprises Formula 2: Ti (ORa) 4 Formula 2wherein Ra is an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms.19.The article of claim 14, wherein the at least one filler in Part A, Part B or both comprises polymer bubbles, glass bubbles, or a combination thereof.20.The article of claim 14, wherein Part A, Part B, or both further comprise at least one additional additive comprising a silicone fluid, a colorant, a thixotropic agent; a flame-retardant agent, an inhibitor, or a combination thereof.