Circuit board of electrical connection device, and electrical connection device

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a circuit board of an electrical connection device, and an electrical connection device, wherein the electrical connection device comprises a power cord and a detection and protection apparatus. The detection and protection apparatus comprises a self-test path module (230), a fault response module (240), a trigger module (250) and an indication module (270). The circuit board comprises a first board surface (B10) and a second board surface (B20), wherein the first board surface (B10) comprises a first region (B11), a second region (B12), a third region (B13) and a fourth region (B14) which are sequentially arranged. The self-test path module (230) is arranged in the first region (B11); the trigger module (250) is arranged in the third region (B13); and the fault response module (240) and the indication module (270) are arranged in the fourth region (B14). The circuit board is provided with a plurality of through holes, the second board surface (B20) is provided with traces, and the self-test path module (230) is electrically connected to the fault response module (240) by means of the through holes and the traces.

Description

Circuit boards and electrical connection devices for electrical connection equipment

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510080901.4, filed on January 17, 2025, entitled "Circuit Board and Electrical Connection Device for Electrical Connection Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of circuit board technology, and more particularly to a circuit board and an electrical connection device. Background Technology

[0004] A leakage circuit breaker (LCDI) is a power connection device for electrical appliances. It detects leakage current in the power supply line via a leakage current detection lead and disconnects the power supply to the appliance when a certain leakage current is detected, ensuring safe operation. In recent years, LCDIs have not only needed to detect leakage current in the power supply line via the leakage current detection lead, but also have higher safety detection requirements, such as detecting whether the leakage current detection lead is open-circuited.

[0005] Currently, with the increasing demand for safety testing of power cord detection and protection devices, the number of components in the circuit modules included in these devices is also increasing. As a result, the circuit board layout of electrical connection equipment is facing more and more challenges, such as difficulties in circuit board routing, the need for winding, the susceptibility of electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board to interference, and the need for larger board sizes. In addition, the improvement of detection functions has also increased the power consumption of leakage current detection circuit breakers, and how to reduce power consumption has become one of the problems that need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, a circuit board and an electrical connection device are provided, which can improve the space utilization of the circuit board, reduce the size of the circuit board, reduce the difficulty of wiring, reduce the interference of electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board, and reduce the power consumption of the detection and protection device.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a circuit board for an electrical connection device, the electrical connection device including a power line and a detection and protection device disposed on the circuit board and electrically connected to the power line; the power line includes a first current-carrying line, a second current-carrying line, a first shielding conductor structure covering the first current-carrying line, and a second shielding conductor structure covering the second current-carrying line, the first shielding conductor structure being connected to the second shielding conductor structure; the detection and protection device includes a self-test path module, a fault response module, a trigger module, and an indicator module, the self-test path module including a first self-test unit and a second self-test unit, the first self-test unit being electrically coupled between the first current-carrying line and the first shielding conductor structure, and the second self-test unit being electrically coupled between the second current-carrying line and the second shielding conductor structure; the fault response module being electrically coupled to the self-test path module and the trigger module respectively, and the indicator module being electrically coupled to... The circuit board is connected between the second self-test unit and the second current-carrying line; the circuit board includes a first board surface and a second board surface, the first board surface includes a first region, a second region, a third region and a fourth region arranged sequentially; the first self-test unit and the second self-test unit are disposed in the first region; the first region is also provided with pads for soldering the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure; the second region is provided with pads for soldering the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line; the trigger module is disposed in the third region; the fault response module and the indicator module are disposed in the fourth region; the circuit board is also provided with a plurality of through holes, the second board surface is provided with traces connecting at least two through holes, the first self-test unit and the fault response module are electrically connected through the through holes and the traces; and the second self-test unit and the indicator module are electrically connected through the through holes and the traces.

[0008] The circuit board of the electrical connection device provided according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: Since the detection and protection device in the electrical connection device needs to detect both the leakage current of the current-carrying line and the open circuit of the shielding conductor structure of the current-carrying line through the shielding conductor structure, the detection and protection device needs to be equipped with a number of modules such as a self-test path module, a fault response module, and a trigger module. The circuit board uses a first area as the connection area with the current-carrying line in the power line and a second area as the connection area with the shielding conductor structure in the power line, and sets multiple pads for soldering the current-carrying line and the shielding conductor structure respectively. The first self-test unit and the second self-test unit in the self-test path module are located in the first area, which can be close to the shielding conductor structure required for electrical connection, directly realizing electrical connection and shortening the wiring. The trigger module is located in the third area, and the fault response module is located in the third area. The fourth area allows the trigger module and fault response module to be adjacent or close to each other, enabling direct electrical connection and shortening wiring. The fault response module in the fourth area is far from the self-test path module in the first area, so electrical connection is achieved through multiple through-holes on the circuit board and wiring on the second board surface. The layout of the modules on the first board surface, combined with the wiring on the second board surface, greatly improves the space utilization of the circuit board, thereby reducing its size and wiring difficulty. Wiring is largely free of detours, reducing interference to the electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board. The indicator module is electrically coupled between the second self-test unit and the second current-carrying line; that is, the indicator module is set in the open-circuit self-test path. Current limiting is achieved using the open-circuit self-test path, eliminating the need for a separate current path for the indicator module and effectively reducing the power consumption of the detection and protection device.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the circuit board is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, a first trace is provided on the second board surface, and a second trace is provided on the first board surface; the pads of the first shielding conductor structure, the first through hole, the first trace, the second through hole, the second trace, and the fault response module are sequentially electrically connected; the first through hole is located in the first region and is adjacent to the pads of the first shielding conductor structure; the second through hole is located in the second region near the third region; and the first trace connects the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided has a second trace passing through the third region and extending to the fault response module of the fourth region, wherein the second trace is located at the edge of the third region.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board of the detection and protection device further includes a test module, the test module including a test switch and a seventh resistor; the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line and a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line; and the seventh resistor is provided in the third region, the middle of the third region is also provided with a first contact area and a second contact area for the two ends of the test switch to be pressed respectively, the first contact area is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second pad, and the second contact area is adjacent to and electrically connected to one end of the seventh resistor.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the circuit board is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole, and a third trace is provided on the second board surface; the other end of the seventh resistor, the third through hole, the third trace, the fourth through hole, and the pad for welding the second shielding conductor structure are sequentially electrically connected; the third through hole is located in the third region and is adjacent to the other end of the seventh resistor; the fourth through hole is located in the first region and is adjacent to the pad for welding the second shielding conductor structure; and the third trace connects the third through hole and the fourth through hole.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the circuit board provided includes an indicator module comprising a light-emitting diode (LED), and the circuit board further comprises a seventh through-hole and a ninth through-hole; a sixteenth trace is provided on the second board surface; a seventeenth trace is provided in the fourth region; one end of the second self-test unit, the seventh through-hole, the sixteenth trace, the ninth through-hole, the seventeenth trace, and the LED are sequentially electrically connected; the seventh through-hole is located in the first region and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second self-test unit; the ninth through-hole is located in the fourth region; the sixteenth trace connects the seventh through-hole and the ninth through-hole; and the seventeenth trace connects the ninth through-hole and one end of the LED.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided in the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line and a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line; and the third region is provided with a fifth trace electrically connected to the second pad, and the fourth region is further provided with an eighteenth trace connecting the other end of the light-emitting diode to the fifth trace.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided includes a fault response module comprising a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a first switching transistor; the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line and a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line; the fourth region is further provided with a nineteenth trace connecting one end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor, and a control pin of the first switching transistor; one switch pin of the first switching transistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the trigger module; the other switch pin of the first switching transistor is connected to the second trace; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the seventeenth trace; and the other end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first pad.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the detection protection device further includes a trip coil; the second region is provided with a seventh pad and an eighth pad for soldering the two ends of the trip coil; the second region is provided with a sixth trace; the fourth region is provided with a fifth through hole; and the second board surface is provided with a ninth trace; the other end of the third resistor, the fifth through hole, the ninth trace, the eighth pad, the trip coil, the seventh pad, the sixth trace, and the first pad are sequentially electrically connected; the sixth trace connects the seventh pad and the first pad; the fifth through hole is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the third resistor; and the ninth trace connects the fifth through hole and the eighth pad.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the detection protection device further includes a trip coil, and the trigger module includes a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) and a SCR driving module; the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line, a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line, and a seventh pad and an eighth pad for soldering the two ends of the trip coil; the second region is also provided with a sixth trace, and the seventh pad is electrically connected to the first pad through the sixth trace; the eighth pad is adjacent to and electrically connected to the anode of the SCR; and in the third region, the cathode and control electrode of the SCR are both adjacent to and electrically connected to the SCR driving module.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided includes an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a first capacitor; a seventh trace is provided in the third region, and the control electrode of the thyristor, one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the ninth resistor, and one end of the first capacitor are all electrically connected through the seventh trace; the other end of the eighth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to a switch pin of the first switching transistor; and the third region is also provided with a fifth trace electrically connected to the second pad, and the other end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the thyristor are all electrically connected to the fifth trace.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided with the first shielding conductor structure includes a first end near the input end of the power line and a second end near the output end of the power line; the first region is provided with a third pad for soldering the first end and a fourth pad for soldering the second end; and the second shielding conductor structure includes a fourth end near the input end of the power line and a fifth end near the output end of the power line; the first region is provided with a fifth pad for soldering the fourth end and a sixth pad for soldering the fifth end.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the first self-test unit includes a first resistor and a second resistor; the second self-test unit includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; one end of the first resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the third pad, and the other end faces the second region; one end of the second resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad, and the other end faces the second region; one end of the fifth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad, and the other end faces the second region; and one end of the sixth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the sixth pad, and the other end faces the second region.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board of the detection protection device further includes a trip coil; the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line, a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line, and a seventh pad and an eighth pad for soldering both ends of the trip coil; the circuit board is also provided with a sixth through hole; the second board surface is provided with a tenth trace; the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor, the sixth through hole, the tenth trace, the eighth pad, the trip coil, the seventh pad, and the first pad are sequentially electrically connected; the sixth through hole is located in the first region and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor; and the tenth trace connects the sixth through hole and the eighth pad.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the other end of the fifth resistor and the other end of the sixth resistor are both electrically connected adjacent to the seventh through hole.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board of the detection protection device further includes a first unidirectional conduction module disposed in the first region, the first unidirectional conduction module including a first diode and a second diode; the first region is provided with a twelfth trace connecting the third pad and the anode of the first diode; the anode of the second diode is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad; and the cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are both electrically connected to the first through hole.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the second shielding conductor structure includes a fourth end near the input end of the power line and a fifth end near the output end of the power line; the first region is provided with a fifth pad for soldering the fourth end and a sixth pad for soldering the fifth end; the detection protection device further includes a second unidirectional conduction module disposed in the first region, the second unidirectional conduction module including a third diode and a fourth diode; the anode of the third diode is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad; the first region is provided with a thirteenth trace connecting the sixth pad and the anode of the fourth diode; and the cathodes of the third diode and the fourth diode are both electrically connected to the fourth via.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board of the trigger module includes a fifth diode and a sixth diode; the anode of the fifth diode and the anode of the sixth diode are both connected to the fifth trace; the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the second pad; and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the fifth via.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board of the trigger module further includes a first varistor adjacent to the sixth diode, and the two ends of the first varistor are respectively connected to the fifth trace and the fifth through hole.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the circuit board provided by the detection protection device further includes a lightning protection module. The lightning protection module includes a second varistor. The second region is provided with a ninth pad and a tenth pad for soldering two pins of the second varistor. The ninth pad is electrically connected to the sixth trace, and the tenth pad is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second pad.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical connection device, including a circuit board, a power cord, and a detection and protection device disposed on the circuit board and connected to the power cord as described in the first aspect embodiment above.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0031] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0032] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of each module of a power line detection and protection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first board surface of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the second board surface of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first through hole, the second through hole, and the second trace of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the test switch, the seventh resistor, the third through hole, and the fourth through hole of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the seventh through hole, the ninth through hole, the seventeenth trace, the eighteenth trace, the fifth trace, and the second pad of the circuit board provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the thyristor, thyristor driver module, seventh pad, eighth pad and sixth trace of the circuit board provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the seventh trace, the eighth resistor, the ninth resistor, the first capacitor, and the fifth trace of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first resistor, second resistor, sixth through hole, fifth resistor, sixth resistor, seventh through hole and eighth through hole of the circuit board provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first unidirectional conduction module and the second unidirectional conduction module of the circuit board provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the ninth and tenth pads of the circuit board provided in the embodiment of this application for soldering the two pins of the second varistor.

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the leakage signal flow when leakage occurs in the first current-carrying line according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the leakage signal flow when leakage occurs in the second current-carrying line according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit signal flow when an open circuit occurs in the portion between the first end and the third end of the first shielding conductor structure provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit signal flow when an open circuit occurs in the portion between the second and third ends of the first shielding conductor structure provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit signal flow when the connection conductor between the third end of the first shielded conductor structure and the sixth end of the second shielded conductor structure provided in the embodiment of this application is open;

[0048] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit signal flow when an open circuit occurs in the portion between the fourth and sixth ends of the second shielding conductor structure provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit signal flow when an open circuit occurs in the portion between the fifth and sixth ends of the second shielding conductor structure provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the simulated leakage signal flow when the test switch is pressed according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the electrical signal flow when the voltage between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line is too high, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electrical connection device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of this application. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of this application, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "at least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. If "first," "second," etc., are used in the description, they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" in the embodiments of this application should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific content of the technical solution. For example, the term "connection" can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for mutual communication; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0056] It should be noted that the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0057] A leakage circuit breaker (LCDI) is a power connection device for electrical appliances. It detects leakage current in the power supply line via a leakage current detection lead and disconnects the power supply to the appliance when a certain leakage current is detected, ensuring safe operation. In recent years, LCDIs have not only needed to detect leakage current in the power supply line via the leakage current detection lead, but also have higher safety detection requirements, such as detecting whether the leakage current detection lead is open-circuited.

[0058] Currently, with increasingly stringent safety testing requirements for power cord detection and protection devices, the number of components in the circuit modules included in these devices is also increasing. Consequently, the circuit board layout of electrical connection equipment faces growing challenges, including difficulties in circuit board routing, the need for wire loops, susceptibility to interference of electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board, and the need for larger board sizes. Furthermore, the enhanced detection capabilities have increased the power consumption of leakage current detection circuit breakers, making power consumption reduction a crucial issue that needs to be addressed.

[0059] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a circuit board and electrical connection device for an electrical connection device, which can improve the space utilization of the circuit board, reduce the size of the circuit board, reduce the difficulty of wiring, reduce the interference of electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board, and reduce the power consumption of the detection and protection device.

[0060] The embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electrical connection device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electrical connection device includes a power cord 100, a detection and protection device disposed on the circuit board and connected to the power cord 100, and a housing enclosing the circuit board; the housing is provided with a plug conductor for connecting to power. Since the circuit board is located inside the housing, it is not shown in Figure 1.

[0062] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the various modules of a power line 100 detection and protection device provided in one embodiment of this application. Specifically:

[0063] The power cord 100 includes a first current-carrying wire 110, a second current-carrying wire 120, a first shielding conductor structure 221 covering the first current-carrying wire 110, and a second shielding conductor structure 222 covering the second current-carrying wire 120. The first shielding conductor structure 221 is used to collect the leakage current signal of the first current-carrying wire 110, and the second shielding conductor structure 222 is used to collect the leakage current signal of the second current-carrying wire 120. It can be understood that when the power cord 100 supplies power to electrical equipment using two-phase AC power, it can be in one of the following two situations: the first current-carrying wire 110 is the live wire L, and the second current-carrying wire 120 is the neutral wire N; or the first current-carrying wire 110 is the neutral wire N, and the second current-carrying wire 120 is the live wire L. When power is supplied to electrical equipment using three-phase AC power, one of the following three scenarios can occur: the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L1, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral wire N; the first current-carrying line 110 is the neutral wire N, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the live wire L1; or the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L1, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the live wire L2. The following explanation uses the scenario shown in Figure 2, where the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral wire N, as an example. The other scenarios can be understood similarly. In addition, the first shielding conductor structure 221 is connected to the second shielding conductor structure 222. Specifically, the first shielding conductor structure 221 includes a first end a near the input end of the power line 100, a second end b near the output end of the power line 100, and a third end c located between the first end a and the second end b; the second shielding conductor structure 222 includes a fourth end d near the input end of the power line 100, a fifth end e near the output end of the power line 100, and a sixth end f located between the fourth end d and the fifth end e; the third end c and the sixth end f are connected.It is understandable that the first shielding conductor structure 221 in the leakage current detection module 220 covers the first current-carrying line 110, thereby enabling the acquisition of the leakage current signal of the first current-carrying line 110. Similarly, the second shielding conductor structure 222 in the leakage current detection module 220 covers the second current-carrying line 120, thereby enabling the acquisition of the leakage current signal of the second current-carrying line 120. Furthermore, by connecting the third end c in the middle of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the sixth end f in the second shielding conductor structure 222, a connection point is established between the shielding conductor structures of the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, and the two shielding conductor structures are no longer independent. This allows the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to construct various different detection paths for open-circuit detection, such as the first shielding conductor structure 221... The detection paths are as follows: from the first end a of the shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fourth end d of the second shielding conductor structure 222; from the first end a of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fifth end e of the second shielding conductor structure 222; from the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fourth end d of the second shielding conductor structure 222; and from the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fifth end e of the second shielding conductor structure 222.

[0064] Referring again to Figure 1, the detection and protection device includes a switch module 210, a self-test path module 230, a fault response module 240, a trigger module 250, and an indicator module 270, specifically:

[0065] The switch module 210 is used to control the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line 100. Referring to FIG1, the switch module 210 is provided with switch terminals on the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. When the switch terminals of the switch module 210 are closed, the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line 100 is conducted; when the switch terminals of the switch module 210 are open, the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line is disconnected.

[0066] The self-test path module 230 includes a first self-test unit 231 and a second self-test unit 232. The first self-test unit 231 is electrically coupled between the first current-carrying line 110 and the first shielding conductor structure 221, and the second self-test unit 232 is electrically coupled between the second current-carrying line 120 and the second shielding conductor structure 222, so that the first current-carrying line 110, the first self-test unit 231, the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second shielding conductor structure 222, the second self-test unit 232, and the second current-carrying line 120, which are electrically coupled in sequence, constitute an open-circuit self-test path. It can be understood that the open-circuit self-test path formed by the first self-test unit 231 and the second self-test unit 232 in conjunction with the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second shielding conductor structure 222, the first current-carrying line 110, and the second current-carrying line 120 can perform open-circuit detection on a variety of different detection paths.

[0067] The fault response module 240 is electrically coupled to the self-test path module 230 and the trigger module 250 respectively; more specifically, the fault response module 240 is electrically coupled to the connection point between the first self-test unit 231 and the first shielded conductor structure 221, and outputs a trip trigger signal in response to the acquisition of a leakage current signal or the acquisition of an open circuit signal generated when the open circuit self-test path is open.

[0068] The trigger module 250 is electrically coupled to the fault response module 240 and the switch module 210 respectively, and is configured to drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection in response to receiving a trip trigger signal; more specifically, the trigger module 250 includes a thyristor Q2 and a thyristor drive module 251, and the detection protection device also includes a trip coil Lx for generating electromagnetic force to drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection, a first current-carrying line 110 is connected to one end of the trip coil Lx, the other end of the trip coil Lx is connected to the anode of the thyristor Q2, the cathode of the thyristor Q2 is electrically coupled to the second current-carrying line 120, and the thyristor drive module 251 is connected between the output terminal of the fault response module 240 and the control electrode of the thyristor Q2;

[0069] The indicator module 270 is electrically coupled between the second self-test unit 232 and the second current-carrying line 120.

[0070] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the first board surface B10 of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the second board surface B20 of the circuit board provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the circuit board includes a first board surface B10 and a second board surface B20. The first board surface B10 includes a first region B11, a second region B12, a third region B13, and a fourth region B14 arranged sequentially. In the arrangement direction shown in Figure 2, the first region B11, the second region B12, the third region B13, and the fourth region B14 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0071] The first self-test unit 231 and the second self-test unit 232 are disposed in the first region B11; the first region B11 is also provided with pads for soldering the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222; specifically, referring to FIG2, the left side region of the first region B11 is provided with a third pad H03 for soldering the first end a and a fourth pad H04 for soldering the second end b; the third pad H03 and the fourth pad H04 are adjacent, the fourth pad H04 is located to the right of the third pad H03, and the first self-test unit 231 is located above the third pad H03 and the fourth pad H04; the right side region of the first region B11 is provided with a fifth pad H05 for soldering the fourth end d and a sixth pad H06 for soldering the fifth end e; the fifth pad H05 and the sixth pad H06 are adjacent, the sixth pad H06 is located to the right of the fifth pad H05, and the second self-test unit 232 is located above the fifth pad H05 and the sixth pad H06;

[0072] The second region B12 is provided with pads for soldering the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120; specifically, referring to Figure 2, the left side of the second region B12 is provided with a first pad H01 for soldering the first current-carrying line 110, and the right side of the second region B12 is provided with a second pad H02 for soldering the second current-carrying line 120.

[0073] The trigger module 250 is located in the third region B13. Specifically, referring to FIG1, the trigger module 250 includes a thyristor drive module 251, a thyristor Q2, a first varistor ZR1, a fifth diode D5, and a sixth diode D6. Referring to FIG2, the thyristor drive module 251 and the thyristor Q2 are located in the left region of the third region B13, and the thyristor drive module 251 is located above the thyristor Q2. The first varistor ZR1, the fifth diode D5, and the sixth diode D6 are located in the right region of the third region B13.

[0074] The fault response module 240 and the indication module 270 are disposed in the fourth region B14. Specifically, referring to FIG1, the fault response module 240 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a first switching transistor Q1. The fault response module 240 is located in the left region of the fourth region B14 and is adjacent to the thyristor drive module 251 located in the third region B13.

[0075] The circuit board is also provided with multiple through holes, and the second board surface B20 is provided with traces connecting at least two through holes. The first self-test unit 231 in the self-test path module 230 is electrically connected to the fault response module 240 through through holes and traces; the second self-test unit 232 is electrically connected to the indicator module 270 through through holes and traces.

[0076] According to the embodiments of this application, the circuit board of the electrical connection device requires the detection and protection device to detect both leakage current of the current-carrying line and open circuit of the shielding conductor structure of the current-carrying line. Therefore, the detection and protection device needs to be equipped with multiple modules such as a self-test path module 230, a fault response module 240, and a trigger module 250. The circuit board uses the first area B11 as the connection area with the current-carrying line in the power line and the second area B12 as the connection area with the shielding conductor structure in the power line. Multiple pads are provided for soldering the current-carrying line and the shielding conductor structure, respectively. The first self-test unit 231 and the second self-test unit 232 in the self-test path module 230 are located in the first area B11, which can be close to the pads of the shielding conductor structure to be electrically connected, directly realizing the electrical connection and shortening the traces. The trigger module 250 is located in the third area B13 and the fault response module 240 is located in the fourth area B14. This design allows the trigger module 250 and the fault response module 240 to be adjacent or close together, enabling direct electrical connection and shortening the wiring. The fault response module 240, located in the fourth region B14, is far from the self-test path module 230, located in the first region B11. Electrical connection is achieved through multiple through-holes on the circuit board and wiring on the second board surface B20. The layout of the modules on the first board surface B10, combined with the wiring on the second board surface B20, significantly improves the space utilization of the circuit board, thereby reducing its size and wiring difficulty. Wiring is largely unrestricted, reducing interference to the electrical signals transmitted on the circuit board. Furthermore, the indicator module 270 is electrically coupled between the second self-test unit 232 and the second current-carrying line 120. That is, the indicator module 270 is positioned in the open-circuit self-test path, utilizing the open-circuit self-test path for current limiting. This eliminates the need for a separate current path for the indicator module 270, effectively reducing the power consumption of the detection and protection device.

[0077] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the circuit board is provided with a first through hole K01 and a second through hole K02. The first through hole K01 is located in the first region B11 and is adjacent to the pads welded to the first shielding conductor structure 221. That is, the first through hole K01 is adjacent to the third pad H03 and the fourth pad H04, thereby enabling electrical connection. It is understood that the third pad H03 can be directly electrically connected to the first through hole K01, or indirectly electrically connected to the first through hole K01 through the first diode D1. Similarly, the fourth pad H04 can be directly electrically connected to the first through hole K01, or indirectly electrically connected to the first through hole K01 through the second diode D2.

[0078] The second through hole K02 is located in the second region B12 near the third region B13, that is, above the first pad H01;

[0079] The second panel B20 is provided with a first trace X01, which connects the first through hole K01 and the second through hole K02. The routing of the first trace X01 is shown in Figure 3.

[0080] The first board surface B10 is provided with a second trace X02, which connects the second through hole K02 and the fault response module 240. The routing of the second trace X02 is shown in Figure 4.

[0081] The circuit board is configured with the first through hole K01, the second through hole K02, the first trace X01, and the second trace X02, so that the pads of the first shielding conductor structure 221, the first through hole K01, the first trace X01, the second through hole K02, the second trace X02, and the fault response module 240 are sequentially electrically connected.

[0082] In this embodiment, when the first shielding conductor structure 221 detects a leakage signal, it can be transmitted to the first through hole K01 through the third pad H03 or the fourth pad H04, then to the second through hole K02 through the first trace X01, and then to the fault response module 240 through the second trace X02, so that the fault response module 240 outputs a trip trigger signal to the trigger module 250.

[0083] Referring to FIG4, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the second trace X02 passes through the third region B13 and extends to the fault response module 240 of the fourth region B14, and the second trace X02 is located at the edge of the third region B13.

[0084] In this embodiment, the second trace X02 extends along the edge of the third region B13 to the fault response module 240 of the fourth region B14, so that the second trace X02 does not occupy the core area of ​​the third region B13, thus avoiding affecting the component layout of the third region B13, and also preventing the leakage signal transmitted on the second trace X02 from being interfered with by other interference.

[0085] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes a test module 260, which includes a test switch TEST and a seventh resistor R7;

[0086] Referring to Figure 5, the seventh resistor R7 is located in the middle of the third region B13. The middle of the third region B13 also has a first contact area Tx-1 and a second contact area Tx-2 for the two ends of the test switch TEST to be pressed respectively. Specifically, the seventh resistor R7 is located above the first contact area Tx-1 and the second contact area Tx-2. The first contact area Tx-1 is located to the right of the second contact area Tx-2. The first contact area Tx-1 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second pad H02. The second contact area Tx-2 is adjacent to and electrically connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7.

[0087] Referring to Figure 5, the circuit board is provided with a third through hole K03 and a fourth through hole K04. The third through hole K03 is located in the third region B13 and is adjacent to the other end of the seventh resistor R7, so that it can be directly electrically connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7.

[0088] The fourth through-hole K04 is located in the first region B01 and is adjacent to the pad welded to the second shielding conductor structure 222; that is, the fourth through-hole K04 is adjacent to the fifth pad H05 and the sixth pad H06, thus enabling electrical connection; it can be understood that the fourth through-hole K04 can be directly electrically connected to the fifth pad H05, or indirectly electrically connected to the fifth pad H05 through the third diode D3. Similarly, the fourth through-hole K04 can be directly electrically connected to the sixth pad H06, or indirectly electrically connected to the sixth pad H06 through the fourth diode D4.

[0089] The second panel B20 is provided with a third trace X03, which connects the third through hole K03 and the fourth through hole K04. The routing of the third trace X03 is shown in Figure 3.

[0090] The circuit board is configured with the third through-hole K03, the fourth through-hole K04, and the third trace X03, so that the other end of the seventh resistor R7, the third through-hole K03, the third trace X03, the fourth through-hole K04, and the solder pads of the second shielding conductor structure 222 are sequentially electrically connected.

[0091] In this embodiment, when the test switch TEST is pressed, the first contact area Tx-1 and the second contact area Tx-2 are short-circuited. The electrical signal on the second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the first contact area Tx-1 through the second pad H02, then to the second contact area Tx-2 after passing through the test switch TEST, and then to the third through hole K03 through the seventh resistor R7, then to the fourth through hole K04 through the third trace X03, and finally to the fifth pad H05 or the sixth pad H06. This is equivalent to directly connecting the second current-carrying line 120 to the second shielding conductor structure 222, which simulates the leakage current signal of the second current-carrying line 120 being transmitted to the second shielding conductor structure 222, thereby testing whether the leakage current detection function of the protection device is intact.

[0092] It should also be noted that, referring to Figure 1, since the fault response module 240 is connected to the connection point between the first self-test unit 231 and the first shielded conductor structure 221, and the test switch TEST is connected to the connection point between the second self-test unit 232 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 through the seventh resistor R7, the simulated leakage signal generated when the test switch TEST is pressed flows from the other end of the test switch TEST through the second shielded conductor structure 222, then through the sixth terminal f of the second shielded conductor structure 222 to the third terminal c of the first shielded conductor structure 221, then through the first shielded conductor structure 221, and finally reaches the fault response module 240. That is, the simulated leakage signal flows completely through the leakage detection module 220. Therefore, whether the fault response module 240 receives the simulated leakage signal after the test switch TEST is pressed can be used to determine whether the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 are open circuits.

[0093] Referring to FIG1, in some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the indicator module 270 includes a light-emitting diode LED1; referring to FIG2 and FIG6, the circuit board is also provided with a seventh through hole K07 and a ninth through hole K09; the seventh through hole K07 is located in the first region B11 and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second self-test unit 232; the ninth through hole K09 is located in the fourth region B14; the fourth region B14 is also provided with a seventeenth trace X17; the seventeenth trace X17 connects the ninth through hole K09 and one end of the light-emitting diode LED1;

[0094] Referring to Figure 3, the second board surface B20 is provided with the sixteenth trace X16; the sixteenth trace X16 connects the seventh through hole K07 and the ninth through hole K09.

[0095] Through the above arrangement of the seventh through hole K07, the ninth through hole K09, the sixteenth trace X16, and the seventeenth trace X17, one end of the second self-test unit 232, the seventh through hole K07, the sixteenth trace X16, the ninth through hole K09, the seventeenth trace X17, and the light-emitting diode LED1 are sequentially electrically connected, thereby realizing the electrical connection between one end of the light-emitting diode LED1 and the second self-test unit 232.

[0096] Referring to Figure 6, the second region B12 is provided with a first pad H01 for soldering the first current-carrying line 110 and a second pad H02 for soldering the second current-carrying line 120; the third region B13 is provided with a fifth trace X05 electrically connected to the second pad H02; and the fourth region B14 is also provided with an eighteenth trace X18 connecting the other end of the light-emitting diode LED1 to the fifth trace X05.

[0097] Through the above arrangement of the fifth trace X05 and the eighteenth trace X18, the other end of the light-emitting diode LED1, the eighteenth trace X18, the fifth trace X05, and the second pad H02 are sequentially electrically connected to realize the electrical connection between the light-emitting diode LED1 and the second current-carrying line 120.

[0098] In this embodiment, the indicator module 270 is electrically coupled between the second self-test unit 232 and the second current-carrying line 120. That is, the indicator module 270 is set in the open-circuit self-test path. The self-test current from the first current-carrying line 110 flows from the first self-test unit 231 into the first shielding conductor structure 221, then into the second shielding conductor structure 222, then from the second self-test unit 232 into the light-emitting diode LED1, and finally back into the second current-carrying line 120. The light-emitting diode LED1 uses the open-circuit self-test path to limit the current, and there is no need to set a separate current path for the indicator module 270, which can effectively reduce the power consumption of the detection and protection device.

[0099] Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments of the circuit board provided in this application, the fault response module 240 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a first switching transistor Q1; referring to Figure 6, the fault response module 240 is disposed in a fourth region B14, and the fourth region B14 is also provided with a nineteenth trace X19 connecting one end of the third resistor R3, one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the control pin of the first switching transistor Q1. One switching pin of the first switching transistor Q1 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the trigger module 250, and the other switching pin of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second trace X02; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the seventeenth trace X17; and the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first pad H01.

[0100] In this embodiment, the first pad H01, the third resistor R3, the nineteenth trace X19, the fourth resistor R4, the seventeenth trace X17, the light-emitting diode LED1, the eighteenth trace X18, the fifth trace X05, and the second pad H02 are connected in sequence. This is equivalent to the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 being connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The connection point of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 provides a voltage divider to the control pin of the first switch Q1. When the first switch Q1 receives a voltage greater than the voltage divider voltage of the control pin at the switch pin connected to the first shielding conductor structure 221, the first switch Q1 is turned on, thereby outputting a trip trigger signal to the trigger module 250 through the switch pin connected to the trigger module 250.

[0101] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes a trip coil Lx for generating electromagnetic force to drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection. The trigger module 250 includes a thyristor Q2 and a thyristor drive module 251. Referring to FIG7, the second region B12 is provided with a seventh pad Lx-1 and an eighth pad Lx-2 for soldering the two ends of the trip coil Lx. The second region B12 is also provided with a sixth trace X06 that electrically connects the seventh pad Lx-1 and the first pad H01. The eighth pad Lx-2 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the anode of the thyristor Q2. The cathode and control electrode of the thyristor Q2 are both adjacent to and electrically connected to the thyristor drive module 251. The fourth region B14 is provided with a fifth through hole K05 that is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the third resistor R3. Referring to FIG3, the second board surface B20 is provided with a ninth trace X09 that connects the fifth through hole K05 and the eighth pad Lx-2.

[0102] In this embodiment, the first pad H01, the sixth trace X06, the seventh pad Lx-1, the trip coil Lx, the eighth pad Lx-2, the ninth trace X09, the fifth via K05, and the third resistor R3 are sequentially electrically connected, so that the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first current-carrying line 110, and the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120.

[0103] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes an overvoltage detection module 290, which includes a first Zener diode DZ1. Referring to FIG6, the overvoltage detection module 290 is disposed in the fourth region B14, and the positive terminal of the first Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the seventeenth trace X17, and the negative terminal is connected to the nineteenth trace X19.

[0104] In this embodiment, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 divide the voltage between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, and output the divided voltage to the negative terminal of the first Zener diode DZ1. When the voltage between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120 is normal and not too high, the voltage across the first Zener diode DZ1 is insufficient to cause it to break down, and the first Zener diode DZ1 is in the off state. When the voltage between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120 is abnormally high, the voltage across the fourth resistor R4 is greater than the threshold voltage of the first Zener diode DZ1, and the first Zener diode DZ1 breaks down in reverse and conducts, thereby lowering the control electrode voltage of the first switching transistor Q1, causing the first switching transistor Q1 to conduct, and then outputting a trip trigger signal to the trigger module 250 through one of the switching pins of the first switching transistor Q1 to avoid overvoltage causing product burnout.

[0105] Referring to FIG8, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the second region B12 is provided with a first pad H01 for soldering the first current-carrying line 110, a second pad H02 for soldering the second current-carrying line 120, and a seventh pad Lx-1 and an eighth pad Lx-2 for soldering the two ends of the trip coil Lx.

[0106] The second area B12 is also equipped with a sixth trace X06, and the seventh pad Lx-1 is electrically connected to the first pad H01 through the sixth trace X06.

[0107] The eighth pad Lx-2 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the anode of the thyristor Q2;

[0108] In the third region B13, the cathode and control electrode of the thyristor Q2 are both adjacent to and electrically connected to the thyristor drive module 251.

[0109] More specifically, the thyristor drive module 251 includes an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a first capacitor C1;

[0110] The third area B13 is provided with a seventh trace X07, through which the control electrode of the thyristor Q2, one end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the ninth resistor R9 and one end of the first capacitor C1 are electrically connected.

[0111] The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is adjacent to and electrically connected to one of the switching pins of the first switching transistor Q1;

[0112] The third area B13 is also provided with a fifth trace X05 that is electrically connected to the second pad H02. The other end of the ninth resistor R9, the other end of the first capacitor C1, and the cathode of the thyristor Q2 are all electrically connected to the fifth trace X05, so that they can be electrically connected to the second pad H02 through the fifth trace X05.

[0113] In this embodiment, the above layout in Figure 8 enables the connection relationship of each component in the trigger module 250 shown in Figure 1 on the first board surface B10 of the circuit board. When the first switch Q1 is turned on, the current signal flowing through the first switch Q1 charges the first capacitor C1 after passing through the eighth resistor R8, and the potential of the control electrode of the thyristor Q2 rises. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, the thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the first current-carrying line 110-trip coil Lx-thyristor Q2-fifth diode D5-second current-carrying line 120. The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power supply line.

[0114] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the first self-test unit 231 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2; the second self-test unit 232 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6.

[0115] Referring to Figure 9, one end of the first resistor R1 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the third pad H03, and the other end faces the second region B12;

[0116] One end of the second resistor R2 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad H04, and the other end faces the second region B12;

[0117] One end of the fifth resistor R5 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad H05, and the other end faces the second region B12;

[0118] One end of the sixth resistor R6 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the sixth pad H06, and the other end faces the second region B12.

[0119] Referring to Figure 9, the circuit board is also provided with a sixth through hole K06; the sixth through hole K06 is located in the first region B11 and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and the other end of the second resistor R2.

[0120] Referring to Figure 3, the second board surface B20 is provided with the tenth trace X10; the tenth trace X10 connects the sixth through hole K06 and the eighth pad Lx-2.

[0121] In this embodiment, through the above-mentioned arrangement of the sixth through-hole K06 and the tenth trace X10, the other end of the first resistor R1 and the other end of the second resistor R2, the sixth through-hole K06, the tenth trace X10, the eighth pad Lx-2, the trip coil Lx, the seventh pad Lx-1, and the first pad H01 are sequentially electrically connected. That is, the first resistor R1 is connected between the first current-carrying line 110 and the first terminal a, and the second resistor R2 is connected between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second terminal b. By separating the first terminal a of the first shielding conductor structure 221 from the first current-carrying line 110 through the first resistor R1, and separating the second terminal b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 from the first current-carrying line 110 through the second resistor R2, the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 in the open-circuit self-test path is reduced, so that under normal circumstances, the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 will not trigger the fault response module 240 to output a trip trigger signal.

[0122] It should be noted that when the first shielding conductor structure 221 is not open-circuited, the first end a and the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 are at the same potential, and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are equivalent to being in parallel.

[0123] Referring to Figure 9, the circuit board also has a seventh through hole K07, which is located in the first region B11 and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6; the ninth through hole K09 is located in the fourth region B14, and the fourth region B14 also has a seventeenth trace X17; the seventeenth trace X17 connects the ninth through hole K09 to one end of the light-emitting diode LED1;

[0124] Referring to Figure 3, the second board surface B20 is provided with a sixteenth trace X16; the sixteenth trace X16 connects the seventh through hole K07 and the ninth through hole K09.

[0125] Through the above configuration of the seventh via K07 and the sixteenth trace X16, the other end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the sixth resistor R6, the seventh via K07, the sixteenth trace X16, the ninth via K09, the seventeenth trace X17, the LED1, the fifth trace X05, and the second pad H02 are sequentially electrically connected. That is, the fifth resistor R5 is connected between the second current-carrying line 120 and the fourth terminal d, and the sixth resistor R6 is connected between the second current-carrying line 120 and the fifth terminal e. By isolating the fourth terminal d of the second shielding conductor structure 222 from the second current-carrying line 120 through the fifth resistor R5, and by isolating the fifth terminal e of the second shielding conductor structure 222 from the second current-carrying line 120 through the sixth resistor R6, the potential of the second shielding conductor structure 222 in the open-circuit self-test path is reduced, so that under normal circumstances, the potential of the second shielding conductor structure 222 will not trigger the fault response module 240 to output a trip trigger signal.

[0126] It should be noted that when the second shielding conductor structure 222 is not open-circuited, the fourth terminal d and the fifth terminal e of the second shielding conductor structure 222 are at the same potential. At this time, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are in parallel.

[0127] It should also be noted that, since the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221 is connected to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and there are no open circuits in the connection lines between the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second shielding conductor structure 222, and the third end c and the sixth end f, any point of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and any point of the second shielding conductor structure 222 are at the same potential. At this time, the potentials of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 are determined by the voltage division ratio of the first parallel resistor and the second parallel resistor, wherein: the first parallel resistor is the resistance obtained by connecting the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in parallel, and the second parallel resistor is the resistance obtained by connecting the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 in parallel.

[0128] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes a first unidirectional conduction module 241, which includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.

[0129] Referring to Figure 10, the first unidirectional conduction module 241 is disposed in the first region B11. The first region B11 is provided with a twelfth trace X12 connecting the third pad H03 and the anode of the first diode D1. The anode of the second diode D2 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad H04. The cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are both electrically connected to the first through hole K01.

[0130] In this embodiment, the first diode D1 in the first unidirectional conduction module 241 enables the leakage signal on the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the open-circuit signal generated when the open-circuit self-test path is open to be transmitted unidirectionally from the first end a through the third pad H03 and the twelfth trace X12 to the first via K01, thereby transmitting unidirectionally to the fault response module 240; similarly, the second diode D2 in the first unidirectional conduction module 241 enables the leakage signal on the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the open-circuit signal generated when the open-circuit self-test path is open to be transmitted unidirectionally from the second end b through the four pads H04 to the first via K01, thereby transmitting unidirectionally to the fault response module 240.

[0131] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes a second unidirectional conduction module 261, which includes a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4;

[0132] Referring to Figure 10, the second unidirectional conduction module 261 is disposed in the first region B11, the anode of the third diode D3 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad H05; the first region B11 is provided with a thirteenth trace X13 connecting the sixth pad H06 and the anode of the fourth diode D4; the cathodes of the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are both electrically connected to the fourth through hole K04.

[0133] In this embodiment, the third diode D3 in the second unidirectional conduction module 261 ensures that when the test switch TEST is pressed, the analog leakage signal from the second current-carrying line 120 can only be transmitted unidirectionally to the fourth terminal d of the second shielding conductor structure 222 via the seventh resistor R7; similarly, the fourth diode D4 in the second unidirectional conduction module 261 ensures that when the test switch TEST is pressed, the analog leakage signal from the second current-carrying line 120 can only be transmitted unidirectionally to the fifth terminal e of the second shielding conductor structure 222 via the seventh resistor R7.

[0134] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the trigger module 250 includes a fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6;

[0135] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the anodes of the fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 are both connected to the fifth trace X05; the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the second pad H02; and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the fifth via K05.

[0136] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the trigger module 250 further includes a first varistor ZR1. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the first varistor ZR1 is adjacent to the sixth diode D6, and the two ends of the first varistor ZR1 are respectively connected to the fifth trace X05 and the fifth through hole K05.

[0137] It is understandable that a varistor is a resistor with nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, mainly used to clamp voltage when the circuit is subjected to overvoltage and absorb excess current to protect sensitive devices. Therefore, by setting the first varistor ZR1 in parallel with the thyristor Q2, the thyristor Q2 can be protected from damage.

[0138] It should be noted that the various through holes described in the various embodiments of this application, such as the first through hole K01, the second through hole K02, the third through hole K03, the fourth through hole K04, the fifth through hole K05, the sixth through hole K06, the seventh through hole K07, and the ninth through hole K09, can all be vias; in addition, on the first board surface B10, the electrical connection between each through hole and other pads and the pins of other components can be achieved by either routing on the board surface or by using jumpers.

[0139] Referring to FIG1, in the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application, the detection protection device further includes a lightning protection module 280, which includes a second varistor ZR2. Referring to FIG11, the second region B12 is provided with a ninth pad H09 and a tenth pad H10 for soldering the two pins of the second varistor ZR2. The ninth pad H09 is electrically connected to the sixth trace X06, and the tenth pad H10 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second pad H02.

[0140] It is understandable that a varistor is a resistor with nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, mainly used for voltage clamping when the circuit is subjected to overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive devices. Therefore, by setting the second varistor ZR2 between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, it can protect the subsequent components in the detection and protection device from damage caused by lightning voltage.

[0141] The following describes the operation of the detection and protection device provided in the embodiment of this application under various leakage and open circuit conditions, with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that the first switching transistor Q1 in the fault response module 240 can be a transistor Q1. The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the connection point of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8 in the thyristor drive module 251.

[0142] The specific operating conditions under various leakage and open circuit scenarios are as follows:

[0143] 1. When the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line 110 is transmitted to the first shielding conductor structure 221:

[0144] After the first shielding conductor structure 221 obtains the leakage signal, as shown in FIG12, on the one hand, it transmits the signal from the first end a through the first diode D1 to the emitter of the transistor Q1, and on the other hand, it transmits the signal from the second end b through the second diode D2 to the emitter of the transistor Q1, so that the transistor Q1 is turned on.

[0145] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the leakage signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0146] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0147] 2. When the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the second shielding conductor structure 222:

[0148] After the second shielding conductor structure 222 receives the leakage signal, as shown in FIG13, it transmits it from the sixth end f to the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221. On the one hand, it transmits it from the first end a through the first diode D1 to the emitter of the transistor Q1, and on the other hand, it transmits it from the second end b through the second diode D2 to the emitter of the transistor Q1, so that the transistor Q1 is turned on.

[0149] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the leakage signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0150] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0151] 3. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 is partially open-circuited between the first end a and the third end c:

[0152] The first resistor R1 is no longer connected in parallel with the second resistor R2. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, as shown in Figure 14, it is equivalent to generating an open-circuit signal at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, and transmitting it to the emitter of the transistor Q1 through the first diode D1, causing the transistor Q1 to conduct.

[0153] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the open-circuit signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0154] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0155] 4. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 is partially open between the second end b and the third end c:

[0156] The second resistor R2 is no longer connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, as shown in Figure 15, it is equivalent to generating an open-circuit signal at the connection point of the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, and transmitting it to the emitter of the transistor Q1 through the second diode D2, so that the transistor Q1 is turned on.

[0157] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the open-circuit signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0158] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0159] 5. When the conductor connecting the third terminal c and the sixth terminal f is open-circuited:

[0160] The first parallel resistor, obtained by connecting the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in parallel, is no longer connected to the second parallel resistor, obtained by connecting the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 in parallel. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, as shown in Figure 16, an open-circuit signal is generated at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, and is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the first diode D1. Similarly, an open-circuit signal is generated at the connection point of the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, and is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the second diode D2, causing the transistor Q1 to conduct.

[0161] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the open-circuit signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0162] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0163] 6. When the second shielding conductor structure 222 is partially open-circuited between the fourth terminal d and the sixth terminal f:

[0164] The fifth resistor R5 is no longer connected in parallel with the sixth resistor R6, which raises the voltage at the first terminal a, the second terminal b, the third terminal c of the first shielding conductor structure 221, and the fifth terminal e and the sixth terminal f of the second shielding conductor structure 222. As shown in FIG17, this is equivalent to generating an open circuit signal at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, which is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the first diode D1. Similarly, an open circuit signal is generated at the connection point of the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, which is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the second diode D2, causing the transistor Q1 to conduct.

[0165] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the open-circuit signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0166] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0167] 7. When the second shielding conductor structure 222 is partially open between the fifth terminal e and the sixth terminal f:

[0168] The sixth resistor R6 is no longer connected in parallel with the fifth resistor R5, causing the voltage at the first terminal a, the second terminal b, the third terminal c of the first shielding conductor structure 221, the fourth terminal d and the sixth terminal f of the second shielding conductor structure 222 to rise. As shown in FIG18, this is equivalent to generating an open circuit signal at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, which is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the first diode D1. Similarly, an open circuit signal is generated at the connection point of the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, which is transmitted to the emitter of the transistor Q1 via the second diode D2, causing the transistor Q1 to conduct.

[0169] After transistor Q1 is turned on, the open-circuit signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases. When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, thyristor Q2 is turned on, forming a strong current path of first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0170] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0171] 8. When the test switch TEST is pressed:

[0172] During the positive half-cycle of the AC power supply, that is, when the level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the level of the first current-carrying line 110, as shown in FIG19, the analog leakage signal from the second current-carrying line 120 first passes through the test switch TEST, and then through the seventh resistor R7. On one hand, it is transmitted to the fourth terminal d of the second shielding conductor structure 222 via the third diode D3, and flows sequentially through the sixth terminal f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, the third terminal c of the first shielding conductor structure 221, the first terminal a and the first diode D1 to reach the emitter of the transistor Q1. On the other hand, it is transmitted to the fifth terminal e of the second shielding conductor structure 222 via the fourth diode D4, and flows sequentially through the sixth terminal f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, the third terminal c of the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second terminal b and the second diode D2 to reach the emitter of the transistor Q1, so that the transistor Q1 is turned on.

[0173] After transistor Q1 is turned on, a conduction path is formed from transistor Q1 - eighth resistor R8 - ninth resistor R9 - sixth diode D6 - trip coil Lx - second current-carrying line 120. This simulated leakage signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of thyristor Q2 increases.

[0174] When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, the thyristor Q2 turns on, forming a strong current path of the first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0175] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0176] 9. When the voltage between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120 is too high:

[0177] During the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, as shown in Figure 20, in the current path of the first current-carrying line 110-trip coil Lx-third resistor R3-fourth resistor R4-light-emitting diode LED1-fifth diode D5-second current-carrying line 120, the voltage across the fourth resistor R4 is greater than the threshold voltage of the Zener diode DZ1. The Zener diode DZ1 breaks down in reverse and conducts, thereby pulling down the base voltage of the transistor Q1 and turning on the transistor Q1.

[0178] After transistor Q1 is turned on, a conduction path is formed from the first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - third resistor R1 / fourth resistor R2 - first diode D1 / second diode D2 - transistor Q1 - eighth resistor R8 - ninth resistor R9 - sixth diode D6 - trip coil Lx - second current-carrying line 120. This simulated leakage signal charges the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q2 increases.

[0179] When the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply arrives, that is, when the level of the first current-carrying line 110 is greater than the level of the second current-carrying line 120, the thyristor Q2 turns on, forming a strong current path of the first current-carrying line 110 - trip coil Lx - thyristor Q2 - fifth diode D5 - second current-carrying line 120.

[0180] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output terminals of the power line.

[0181] The detection and protection device provided in the embodiments of this application can detect leakage signals on the current-carrying line through the leakage detection module 220, and can also construct an open-circuit self-test path with the leakage detection module 220 and the current-carrying line through the self-test path module 230, thereby realizing leakage detection of the power line and automatic open-circuit detection of the shielding structure of the power line; it can also realize manual open-circuit detection of the shielding structure of the power line by pressing the test switch TEST of the test module 260; moreover, the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222, which form multiple detection segments, can be combined to construct a shielding network with various detection paths, which greatly enriches the feasibility and flexibility of leakage detection of the power line and open-circuit detection of the shielding structure, and is conducive to improving the power supply safety of the power line.

[0182] Additionally, referring to FIG21, a second aspect of the present invention provides an electrical connection device, including a circuit board, a power line 100, and a detection and protection device disposed on the circuit board and connected to the power line 100 as described in the various embodiments of the first aspect above.

[0183] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A circuit board for electrically connecting devices, wherein, The electric connection device comprises a power line, a detection protection device arranged on the circuit board and electrically connected with the power line; The power line comprises a first current-carrying line, a second current-carrying line, a first shielding conductor structure covering the first current-carrying line, and a second shielding conductor structure covering the second current-carrying line, the first shielding conductor structure being connected with the second shielding conductor structure; The detection protection device comprises a self-checking path module, a fault response module, a triggering module and an indicating module, the self-checking path module comprising a first self-checking unit and a second self-checking unit, the first self-checking unit being electrically coupled between the first current-carrying line and the first shielding conductor structure, and the second self-checking unit being electrically coupled between the second current-carrying line and the second shielding conductor structure; the fault response module being electrically coupled to the self-checking path module and the triggering module respectively, and the indicating module being electrically coupled between the second self-checking unit and the second current-carrying line; The circuit board comprises a first board surface and a second board surface, the first board surface comprising a first region, a second region, a third region and a fourth region arranged in sequence; The first self-checking unit and the second self-checking unit are arranged in the first region, and the first region is further provided with a pad for welding the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure; The second region is provided with a pad for welding the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line; The triggering module is arranged in the third region; The fault response module and the indicating module are arranged in the fourth region; and The circuit board is further provided with a plurality of through holes, the second board surface is provided with a wire connecting at least two through holes, and the first self-checking unit and the fault response module are electrically connected through the through holes and the wire; and the second self-checking unit and the indicating module are electrically connected through the through holes and the wire.

2. The circuit board according to claim 1, further provided with a first through-hole and a second through-hole, wherein, The second board surface is provided with a first wire, and the first board surface is provided with a second wire; The pad for welding the first shielding conductor structure, the first through hole, the first wire, the second through hole, the second wire and the fault response module are electrically connected in sequence; and The first through hole is located in the first region and adjacent to the pad for welding the first shielding conductor structure, the second through hole is located in the second region close to the third region, and the first wire connects the first through hole and the second through hole.

3. The circuit board of claim 2, wherein, The second wire passes through the third region and extends to the fault response module in the fourth region, and the second wire is located at the edge of the third region.

4. The circuit board according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The detection protection device further comprises a test module, and the test module comprises a test switch and a seventh resistor; The second region is provided with a first pad for welding the first current-carrying line and a second pad for welding the second current-carrying line; and The seventh resistor is arranged in the third region, and the middle part of the third region is further provided with a first touch pressure area and a second touch pressure area for respectively touching and pressing two ends of the test switch, the first touch pressure area is adjacent to and electrically connected with the second pad, and the second touch pressure area is adjacent to and electrically connected with one end of the seventh resistor.

5. The circuit board according to claim 4, further provided with a third through-hole and a fourth through-hole, wherein, The second board surface is provided with a third trace; The other end of the seventh resistor, the third via hole, the third trace, the fourth via hole and the pad for welding the second shielding conductor structure are sequentially electrically connected; and The third via hole is located in the third area and adjacent to the other end of the seventh resistor, the fourth via hole is located in the first area and adjacent to the pad for welding the second shielding conductor structure, and the third trace connects the third via hole and the fourth via hole.

6. The circuit board of any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, The indicating module comprises a light emitting diode; The circuit board is further provided with a seventh via hole and a ninth via hole, the second board surface is provided with a sixteenth trace, and the fourth area is further provided with a seventeenth trace; and The second self-checking unit, the seventh via hole, the sixteenth trace, the ninth via hole, the seventeenth trace, one end of the light emitting diode are sequentially electrically connected, the seventh via hole is located in the first area and adjacent to and electrically connected to the second self-checking unit, the ninth via hole is located in the fourth area, the sixteenth trace connects the seventh via hole and the ninth via hole, and the seventeenth trace connects the ninth via hole and one end of the light emitting diode.

7. The circuit board of claim 6, wherein, The second area is provided with a first pad for welding the first current-carrying wire and a second pad for welding the second current-carrying wire; The third area is provided with a fifth trace electrically connected to the second pad, and the fourth area is further provided with an eighteenth trace connecting the other end of the light emitting diode and the fifth trace.

8. The circuit board of claim 7, wherein, The fault response module comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a first switch tube; and The fourth area is further provided with a nineteenth trace connecting one end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor and a control pin of the first switch tube, one switch pin of the first switch tube is adjacent to and electrically connected to the triggering module, the other switch pin of the first switch tube is connected to the second trace, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the seventeenth trace, and the other end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first pad.

9. The circuit board of claim 8, wherein, The detection protection device further comprises a trip coil, and the second area is provided with a seventh pad and an eighth pad for welding two ends of the trip coil; The second area is provided with a sixth trace, the fourth area is provided with a fifth via hole, and the second board surface is provided with a ninth trace; The other end of the third resistor, the fifth via hole, the ninth trace, the eighth pad, the trip coil, the seventh pad, the sixth trace, the first pad are sequentially electrically connected; and The sixth trace connects the seventh pad and the first pad, the fifth via hole is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the third resistor, and the ninth trace connects the fifth via hole and the eighth pad.

10. The circuit board according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The detection protection device further comprises a trip coil, and the triggering module comprises a thyristor and a thyristor driving module; The second area is provided with a first pad for welding the first current-carrying wire, a second pad for welding the second current-carrying wire and a seventh pad and an eighth pad for welding two ends of the trip coil; The second area is also provided with a sixth trace, and the seventh pad is electrically connected to the first pad through the sixth trace; The eighth pad is adjacent to and electrically connected to the anode of the thyristor; and In the third region, both the cathode and the control electrode of the thyristor are adjacent to and electrically connected to the thyristor drive module.

11. The circuit board of claim 10, wherein, The thyristor drive module includes an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a first capacitor; The third region is provided with a seventh trace, through which the control electrode of the thyristor, one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the ninth resistor, and one end of the first capacitor are all electrically connected. The other end of the eighth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fault response module; as well as The third region is also provided with a fifth trace electrically connected to the second pad, and the other end of the ninth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor, and the cathode of the thyristor are all electrically connected to the fifth trace.

12. The circuit board of any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein, The first shielding conductor structure includes a first end near the input end of the power line and a second end near the output end of the power line; The first region is provided with a third pad for soldering the first end and a fourth pad for soldering the second end; The first self-test unit includes a first resistor and a second resistor; one end of the first resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the third pad, and the other end faces the second region; one end of the second resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad, and the other end faces the second region. The detection and protection device further includes a trip coil, and the second region is provided with a first pad for soldering the first current-carrying line, a second pad for soldering the second current-carrying line, and a seventh pad and an eighth pad for soldering the two ends of the trip coil. The circuit board is also provided with a sixth through hole; the second board surface is provided with a tenth trace; The other end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor, the sixth through hole, the tenth trace, the eighth pad, the trip coil, the seventh pad, and the first pad are sequentially electrically connected; and The sixth via is located in the first region and is adjacent to and electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor and the other end of the second resistor. The tenth trace connects the sixth via to the eighth pad.

13. The circuit board of any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein, The second shielding conductor structure includes a fourth end near the input end of the power line and a fifth end near the output end of the power line. The first region is provided with a fifth pad for soldering the fourth end and a sixth pad for soldering the fifth end. The second self-test unit includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor. One end of the fifth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad, and one end of the sixth resistor is adjacent to and electrically connected to the sixth pad. The other ends of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are both adjacent to and electrically connected to the seventh via.

14. The circuit board of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The detection and protection device further includes a first unidirectional conduction module disposed in the first region, the first unidirectional conduction module including a first diode and a second diode; and The first region is provided with a twelfth trace connecting the third pad and the anode of the first diode. The anode of the second diode is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fourth pad. The cathodes of the first diode and the second diode are both electrically connected to the first via.

15. The circuit board of any one of claims 5 to 14, wherein, The second shielding conductor structure includes a fourth end near the input end of the power line and a fifth end near the output end of the power line; The first region is provided with a fifth pad for welding the fourth end and a sixth pad for welding the fifth end; The detection and protection device further includes a second unidirectional conduction module disposed in the first region. The second unidirectional conduction module includes a third diode and a fourth diode. The anode of the third diode is adjacent to and electrically connected to the fifth pad. The first region is provided with a thirteenth trace connecting the sixth pad and the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathodes of the third diode and the fourth diode are both electrically connected to the fourth via.

16. The circuit board of any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein, The trigger module includes a fifth diode and a sixth diode. The anodes of the fifth diode and the sixth diode are both connected to the fifth trace. The cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the second pad, and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the fifth via.

17. The circuit board of claim 16, wherein, The trigger module also includes a first varistor adjacent to the sixth diode, with its two ends connected to the fifth trace and the fifth via, respectively.

18. The circuit board of any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein, The detection and protection device also includes a lightning protection module, which includes a second varistor. The second region is provided with a ninth pad and a tenth pad for soldering two pins of the second varistor. The ninth pad is electrically connected to the sixth trace, and the tenth pad is adjacent to and electrically connected to the second pad.

19. An electrical connection device comprising a circuit board as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, a power cord, and a detection and protection device disposed on the circuit board and connected to the power cord.

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