Photovoltaic module layout method, system and apparatus

Abstract

A photovoltaic module layout method, system and apparatus. The solution comprises: first acquiring an orthographic image which is acquired from above the area of a power station to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground surface of the area of said power station; on the basis of the terrain of the area of said power station, selecting one or more canvases on the orthographic image; and then on the basis of size data of photovoltaic modules, size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and a scaling ratio of the orthographic image, arranging and laying out the photovoltaic modules on each canvas. It can be seen, in the present application, that it is unnecessary to manually measure and collect relevant parameters of the area of said power station, the terrain and parameters of the area of said power station can be determined by means of the orthographic image, and on the basis of the terrain of the area of said power station, the orthographic image can further be divided into a plurality of canvases, such that the arrangement and layout of the photovoltaic modules are performed on each canvas, thereby not only saving manpower, but also improving the arrangement and layout efficiency.

Description

Photovoltaic module layout method, system and device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202510053112.1, filed on January 14, 2025, and entitled "Photovoltaic module layout method, system and device", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic system construction, in particular to a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device. BACKGROUND

[0003] In the early stage of photovoltaic power station construction, the power station site selection needs to be carried out first, and then artificial is arranged to go to the site to conduct on-site reconnaissance, to obtain the geographic position, on-site topography and surrounding environment of the power station and to measure the length and width of the power station and other data. If the power station is above a building, it is also necessary to climb the building to measure the data. After obtaining the relevant information and data of the power station, the designers combine the meteorological conditions such as solar radiation and sunshine duration of the region where the power station is located to design the module layout of the power station.

[0004] The on-site reconnaissance and module layout design process are key links in the power station design which are time-consuming and laborious, and must be participated by professional exploration personnel and designers. If the on-site measurement is inaccurate or the design is unreasonable, it may be necessary to re-conduct on-site reconnaissance or re-design, or even directly give up the construction plan of the photovoltaic power station. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module layout method, system and device, which does not need to measure and collect the relevant parameters of the region where the power station to be constructed by artificial, but can determine the topography and parameters of the region where the power station to be constructed through the vertical image, and can also divide the vertical image into multiple canvases according to the topography of the region where the power station to be constructed, so as to arrange and layout the photovoltaic modules for each canvas, which not only saves manpower, but also has higher arrangement and layout efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a photovoltaic module layout method, which comprises: obtaining a vertical image of a region where a power station to be constructed; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the region where the power station to be constructed and perpendicular to the ground surface of the region where the power station to be constructed; selecting one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the topography of the region where the power station to be constructed; and arranging and laying out photovoltaic modules on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0007] Preferably, before arranging the photovoltaic modules on each of the canvases, based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the method further comprises: determining the illumination parameters of the geographic location of the region where the power station to be constructed is located, calculating the optimal illumination inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules based on the illumination parameters; calculating the projected area of the photovoltaic modules based on the optimal illumination inclination angle and the size data of the photovoltaic modules; and arranging the photovoltaic modules on each of the canvases based on the projected area of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0008] Preferably, the step of determining the illumination parameters of the geographic location of the region where the power station to be constructed is located, and calculating the optimal illumination inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules based on the illumination parameters comprises: determining the solar elevation angle and the solar incident angle based on the longitude and the latitude of the geographic location of the region where the power station to be constructed is located; and calculating the optimal illumination inclination angle based on the longitude, the latitude, the solar elevation angle, and the solar incident angle.

[0009] Preferably, the step of obtaining the vertical image of the region where the power station to be constructed is located comprises: obtaining the satellite map image of the region where the power station to be constructed is located from an online map based on the geographic location of the region where the power station to be constructed is located.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical image is a plan view of the region where the power station to be constructed is located.

[0011] Preferably, the step of arranging the photovoltaic modules on each of the canvases based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image comprises: determining the reference edge of each of the canvases respectively; and arranging each of the photovoltaic modules in sequence based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, starting from the reference edge of each of the canvases, with the bottom edge of each of the photovoltaic modules being parallel to the reference edge of the corresponding canvas.

[0012] Preferably, after arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the method further includes: if the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in each canvas reaches the upper limit of each canvas, then a photovoltaic module layout design scheme is generated; the photovoltaic module layout design scheme includes each canvas and the arrangement of photovoltaic modules in each canvas.

[0013] Preferably, after generating the photovoltaic module layout design scheme, the method further includes: determining the total cost of each photovoltaic module, the inverter connected to each photovoltaic module, and the controller connected to each inverter in the photovoltaic module layout design scheme; determining the power generation revenue of each photovoltaic module based on the photovoltaic module layout design scheme and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power station to be built; and generating a revenue report based on the total cost and the power generation revenue.

[0014] Preferably, the arrangement of the photovoltaic modules on each canvas, based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, includes: setting a photovoltaic module array, wherein the number of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array is n×m, where n is the number of rows of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array, and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array; determining the size data of the photovoltaic module array based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules; and arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic module array, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0015] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module layout apparatus, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of the photovoltaic module layout method as described above when executing the computer program.

[0016] This application provides a photovoltaic module layout method, system, and apparatus. In this scheme, a vertical image perpendicular to the ground of the area to be constructed is first acquired from above. Based on the terrain of the area, one or more canvases are selected on the vertical image. Then, based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged on each canvas. It is evident that this application eliminates the need for manual measurement and collection of relevant parameters of the area to be constructed. The terrain and parameters of the area can be determined solely through the vertical image. Furthermore, the vertical image can be divided into multiple canvases based on the terrain, allowing for the arrangement of photovoltaic modules on each canvas. This not only saves manpower but also increases the efficiency of the layout process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic module layout method provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of obtaining satellite map images of a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of obtaining relevant information after scaling a satellite map image of a power plant area to be constructed, as provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a drawing upload prompt provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a design drawing provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of rotating design drawings provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of setting the scale of design drawings according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of inputting relevant information about the area to be constructed as a power station, provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of selecting a canvas on a vertical image provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of creating a design project according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 is a simulation diagram of a photovoltaic module layout provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 is a simulation diagram of photovoltaic module layout on design drawings provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment in a photovoltaic module layout design provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a method for selecting a reference edge provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment for photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module array layout provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the selection of a material list required for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of electricity prices in an area where a power plant is to be built, provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module layout and revenue of a power station area to be constructed, provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of power generation prediction for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the revenue analysis of a power plant area to be constructed according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout system provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The core of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module layout method, system, and device that eliminates the need for manual measurement and collection of relevant parameters of the power plant area to be constructed. The terrain and parameters of the power plant area to be constructed can be determined through vertical images. Furthermore, the vertical images can be divided into multiple canvases based on the terrain of the power plant area to be constructed, thereby arranging photovoltaic modules on each canvas. This not only saves manpower but also improves the efficiency of the layout.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic module layout method provided by the present invention. The method includes:

[0044] S11: Obtain a vertical image of the area to be constructed; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the area to be constructed, perpendicular to the ground where the area to be constructed is located.

[0045] In the early stages of photovoltaic power station construction, it is necessary to first select the construction area of ​​the photovoltaic power station, that is, to select the area where the power station is to be built, and to evaluate and design the area where the power station is to be built. The evaluation stage begins with the site selection of the area where the power station is to be built. Then, personnel are arranged to conduct an on-site survey to obtain information such as the geographical location, topography and surrounding environment of the area where the power station is to be built, and to measure the length and width of the terrain of the area where the power station is to be built. If the area where the power station is to be built is on the ground, it is only necessary to measure the relevant data on the ground. However, if the area where the power station is to be built is on top of a building, it is necessary to climb up the building to take measurements.

[0046] Based on the on-site data of the area to be constructed, the designers combined information such as solar irradiance, sunshine duration and other meteorological conditions, power conditions and investment budget of the area to be constructed with the information of the area to be constructed to plan the layout, orientation, angle of the photovoltaic modules and power connection design of the area to be constructed, and completed the relevant drawings, and finally calculated the investment and returns of the area to be constructed.

[0047] Site surveys and simulation design for photovoltaic module layout planning are crucial, time-consuming, and labor-intensive steps in the design of a power plant area, requiring the participation of professional surveying and design personnel. If inaccurate on-site measurements or unreasonable planning lead to unsuitable input-output ratios or the need for adjustments in the final design stage, it may necessitate a repeat site survey or redesign, or even abandonment of the photovoltaic power plant construction plan altogether. Therefore, conducting rapid simulations before photovoltaic power plant construction can significantly reduce the probability of such errors.

[0048] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application, after determining the area to be constructed as a power plant, does not require manual on-site surveys. Instead, it acquires vertical images of the area. These vertical images are images taken from above the area and perpendicular to the ground where the area is located. Based on these vertical images, the terrain and outline of the power plant to be constructed can be determined.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, obtaining a vertical image of the area to be constructed as a power plant includes: obtaining a satellite map image of the area to be constructed from an online map based on the geographical location of the area.

[0050] The vertical image can be a satellite map image of the area to be constructed, obtained from an online map. Specifically, commercially available online map software can be embedded into the page of this design system and switched to "satellite map" mode. Users can use the map's built-in search and positioning functions to locate the ground or building rooftops of the area to be constructed, thereby determining the vertical image of the area. As shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of obtaining a satellite map image of the area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. In Figure 2, the area within the rectangular frame selected from the example satellite map is the area to be constructed.

[0051] Before acquiring satellite map images of the area to be constructed as a power plant, the map's zoom function can be used to enlarge the area to a suitable size. The screenshot function provided by the system can then be used to select the area to obtain a satellite map image. As shown in Figure 3, this invention provides a schematic diagram of acquiring relevant information after zooming in on a satellite map image of the area to be constructed as a power plant. Figure 3 displays specific project management information and automatically acquires information such as the geographical location, latitude and longitude, and image zoom level of the area to be constructed, which are used as parameters for subsequent design. For example, the site can be reselected, and the project name can be set. Based on the selected satellite map address, the system automatically generates the region, detailed address, and latitude and longitude. Users can also enter their email address and mobile phone number to obtain the generated photovoltaic module layout method and select the currency for the power plant to be constructed. The left side of Figure 3 shows the enlarged vertical image of the specific area to be constructed as a power plant.

[0052] Of course, the vertical image of the area to be built can also be a vertical image taken from above the area by a drone, and this application does not limit it.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the vertical image is a plan view of the area where the power plant is to be constructed.

[0054] In certain special circumstances, if satellite map images of the area to be constructed as a power station cannot be obtained, or if the obtained satellite map images are unclear, or if the actual geographical environment of the area to be constructed as a power station changes and the online map is not updated in a timely manner, uploaded photos or floor plans of the area to be constructed can be used as design drawings. Please refer to Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a drawing upload prompt provided by this invention, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a design drawing provided by this invention. Users can select the design drawing to be uploaded through the left box in Figure 4, such as the design drawing shown in Figure 5, which can be used as a real-world image in subsequent project creation. In addition, after the drawing is successfully uploaded, the rotation angle and scale of the drawing can be calibrated. Finally, the uploaded drawing can be used for the construction design of the power station to be constructed on the roof or on the ground. The design drawing in Figure 5 shows the length of the specific location corresponding to the drawing, which is not limited in this application.

[0055] The uploaded design drawings can be rotated to ensure that the angles are suitable for photovoltaic module layout, as shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of rotating design drawings according to the present invention. In Figure 6, when setting the rotation angle, the center of the drawing is used as the rotation center point. After inputting the rotation angle, the design drawing will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the center point, but the maximum rotation is 180°. Specifically, when inputting 0 to 180, it can rotate 0° to 180° to the right, that is, rotate 0° to 180° clockwise; when inputting -180 to 0, it can rotate 0° to 180° to the left, that is, rotate 0° to 180° counterclockwise. The scaling ratio between the design drawing and the area to be constructed (e.g., determining the length of a side of the area to be constructed on the design drawing and its actual length) is also determined. As shown in Figure 7, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of setting the scale of a design drawing according to the present invention. In Figure 7, when setting the scale, after clicking the corresponding icon, a suitable line segment is selected on the drawing, as shown in Figure 5 with a marked length. The line segment can be used to calculate the ratio of the distance on the design drawing to the actual distance. The actual length of the line segment in the actual geographical location is then entered to obtain the scale of the design drawing. Subsequently, a schematic diagram corresponding to Figure 3, showing the acquisition of relevant information based on the design drawing of the area to be constructed as a power station, is obtained, as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of inputting relevant information about the area to be constructed as a power station, but in Figure 8, the project name, area, detailed address, and geographical location are all input by the user. Furthermore, the design drawing can be rotated or the scale can be obtained through recalibration as shown in Figure 8.

[0056] S12: Select one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the terrain of the area where the power plant to be built.

[0057] After obtaining a vertical image of the area where the power plant to be built will be constructed, one or more canvases can be selected on the vertical image according to the terrain of the area, as shown in Figure 9. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of selecting canvases on a vertical image provided by the present invention. Based on the terrain of the area, the location where photovoltaic modules will be installed is selected, and the canvas area is drawn. The canvas can be regular or irregular in shape, and multiple canvases can be drawn as needed. In Figure 9, the area where the power plant to be built is the roof of a building. Two areas are selected from the vertical image of the area as canvases for the layout of photovoltaic modules, namely canvas a and canvas b in Figure 9. It should be noted that obstacles in the area where the power plant to be built must be avoided when selecting the canvases.

[0058] After selecting a canvas, basic parameters can be specified, such as the canvas name, the photovoltaic module model, and the inverter model. As shown in Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of creating a design project according to this invention, the canvas to be laid out can be selected as canvas b, and the site type can be set, such as setting the surface of the area where the power station is to be built as a slope, and the installation method as surface mounting, that is, the photovoltaic modules are installed against the surface of the area where the power station is to be built, with an tilt angle of 35.57° relative to the ground. Of course, the installation can be based on the optimal light tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules calculated in practice; this application does not impose any limitations. Furthermore, the module model and inverter model can be selected to determine the size parameters of the photovoltaic modules. By selecting imported modules, the size parameters of the photovoltaic modules corresponding to the selected module models can be determined.

[0059] It should be noted that when selecting the canvas, the orientation of the area where the power plant to be built is to be constructed must be considered. If the power plant to be built is located in the Northern Hemisphere and is not a flat surface, then a south-facing area should be prioritized as the canvas for the layout of photovoltaic modules. If the power plant to be built is located in the Southern Hemisphere and is not a flat surface, then a north-facing area should be prioritized as the canvas for the layout of photovoltaic modules. Of course, this application does not impose any restrictions on this, and users can set the canvas selection according to their actual needs.

[0060] S13: Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, arrange the photovoltaic modules on each canvas.

[0061] The system obtains the dimensions (length and width) and power generation of the selected photovoltaic (PV) modules. Based on the dimensions of the PV modules, the dimensions of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the system draws the layout of the PV modules on the canvases. Specifically, it generates parameters such as the alignment direction, arrangement method, and spacing between the PV modules to arrange them on the respective canvases.

[0062] The system automatically calculates the arrangement and quantity of photovoltaic modules in each canvas area using an algorithm, and generates a simulation diagram of the photovoltaic module layout for users to view and adjust. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, Figure 11 is a simulation diagram of a photovoltaic module layout provided by the present invention, and Figure 12 is a simulation diagram of photovoltaic module layout on a design drawing provided by the present invention. The rectangles arranged in the canvas are the photovoltaic modules.

[0063] As can be seen, this application eliminates the need for manual measurement and collection of relevant parameters for the power plant area to be constructed. The terrain and parameters of the power plant area can be determined through vertical images. Furthermore, the vertical images can be divided into multiple canvases based on the terrain of the power plant area, allowing for the arrangement and layout of photovoltaic modules on each canvas. This not only saves manpower but also increases the efficiency of the arrangement and layout.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments:

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, before arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the method further includes: determining the illumination parameters of the geographical location of the power plant area to be constructed; calculating the optimal illumination tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules based on the illumination parameters; calculating the projected area of ​​the photovoltaic modules based on the optimal illumination tilt angle and the size data of the photovoltaic modules; and arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, including: arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the projected area of ​​the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0066] When arranging photovoltaic (PV) modules on various canvases, it's crucial to consider not only the canvas and PV module dimensions but also the sunlight parameters of the proposed power plant location. This means considering the optimal tilt angle for the PV modules at that location. The optimal tilt angle is the ideal angle between the PV module and the horizontal ground to ensure maximum sunlight reception throughout the year, maximizing power generation efficiency. This angle is typically related to the local latitude but is also influenced by seasonal variations and the surrounding environment. Therefore, PV modules don't necessarily need to be installed parallel to the ground. Supports can be installed below the modules to tilt them at the optimal tilt angle, maximizing solar energy reception. When PV modules are tilted, the shadow area projected onto the canvas is smaller than the module's surface area. Therefore, arranging the PV modules on each canvas based on their projected area, canvas dimensions, shape, and vertical image scaling allows for a larger number of PV modules to be installed on each canvas.

[0067] When calculating the projected area of ​​a photovoltaic (PV) module, the area of ​​the PV module, such as the area of ​​the PV module panel, is first determined. Then, the area of ​​the PV module panel is multiplied by the cosine of the optimal tilt angle to determine the projected area of ​​the PV module. Of course, if the area where the power plant is to be built is a slope, the projected area of ​​the PV module in the area where the power plant is to be built needs to be calculated based on the slope of the area, the area of ​​the PV module panel, and the optimal tilt angle. This application does not impose any limitations on this calculation.

[0068] In addition, when planning the installation layout of photovoltaic modules, the orientation of the photovoltaic modules also needs to be considered. For example, if the area where the power plant to be built is located in the Northern Hemisphere, the photovoltaic modules should be oriented southward. Of course, this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, the illumination parameters of the geographical location of the power plant area to be constructed are determined, and the optimal illumination tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules is calculated based on the illumination parameters, including: determining the solar altitude angle and solar incidence angle based on the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the power plant area to be constructed; and calculating the optimal illumination tilt angle based on the longitude, latitude, solar altitude angle and solar incidence angle.

[0070] In this embodiment, the solar altitude angle and solar incidence angle can be calculated based on the latitude and longitude of the geographical location of the power station to be built, thereby calculating the optimal illumination tilt angle. Using the optimal tilt angle to install photovoltaic modules can ensure that the photovoltaic modules are under the best illumination conditions, thereby maximizing power generation efficiency.

[0071] Specifically, the formula for calculating the optimal tilt angle for photovoltaic modules is:

[0072] Optimal illumination tilt angle = arccos(sin(latitude) × sin(solar altitude angle) - cos(latitude) × cos(solar altitude angle) × cos(solar incident angle)).

[0073] Users can adjust the actual installation angle of the photovoltaic modules based on the optimal tilt angle and the angle of the area where the power station will be built. For example, if the optimal tilt angle is 60° and the tilt angle of the area where the power station will be built is 30°, then the photovoltaic modules will be installed at a tilt angle of 30° relative to the area. Of course, the tilt angle may vary in different areas of the area where the power station will be built, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules can be adjusted according to actual needs during installation.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 10, where you can directly input the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module to adjust the tilt angle.

[0075] It should also be noted that when designing the installation of photovoltaic modules based on the optimal tilt angle, the orientation of the selected canvas must also be considered. For example, if the power plant to be built is located in the Northern Hemisphere and the canvas faces west, the design orientation of the photovoltaic modules on the canvas can be further adjusted to prioritize facing south. Of course, this embodiment does not limit this. Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment during the layout design of photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention. Different installation methods of photovoltaic modules can be adjusted. For example, if the site type is a slope, the photovoltaic modules can be installed face-mounted. A reference edge is selected from the canvas, and the reference edge can be switched. The reference edge refers to the orientation of the photovoltaic module installation on the canvas. In this application, the photovoltaic modules can be automatically laid out according to the reference edge, or the reference edge can be switched according to the geographical location of the power plant to be built, so that the photovoltaic modules can be automatically laid out again according to the switched reference edge. In addition, Figure 13 can also display the selected photovoltaic module model and inverter model, and the photovoltaic module model and inverter model can be adjusted and detailed information can be displayed. In the parameter selection of photovoltaic module layout, you can choose to install the photovoltaic modules vertically, that is, align the width of the photovoltaic module with the reference edge to ensure the maximum number of photovoltaic modules installed. The tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules can be set according to the user's own needs, and the horizontal and vertical spacing between photovoltaic modules can also be set and adjusted by the user.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic modules are arranged on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image. This includes: determining the reference edge of each canvas; starting from the reference edge of each canvas, arranging each photovoltaic module sequentially based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, with the bottom edge of each photovoltaic module parallel to the reference edge of its corresponding canvas.

[0077] When arranging photovoltaic modules on various canvases, a reference edge for each canvas can be determined first. The arrangement of each photovoltaic module begins from this reference edge. For example, starting from one side of the reference edge, the photovoltaic modules are arranged sequentially, with the direction parallel to the reference edge as the arrangement direction. Each photovoltaic module is arranged one by one, and its bottom edge is parallel to the reference edge. Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of selecting a reference edge according to this invention. Figure 14 illustrates the selection of the reference edge using canvas b as an example.

[0078] It should also be noted that the size of the photovoltaic modules can be scaled based on the size data of each photovoltaic module and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, and then arranged in the canvas according to the scaled photovoltaic modules.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment, after arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the method further includes: if the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in each canvas reaches the upper limit of each canvas, then a photovoltaic module layout design scheme is generated; the photovoltaic module layout design scheme includes each canvas and the arrangement of photovoltaic modules in each canvas.

[0080] In this embodiment, an automatic photovoltaic (PV) module layout planning algorithm is used to arrange PV modules in each canvas. The maximum number of PV modules that can be placed in the canvas is used as the objective function for optimization. By continuously and randomly adjusting the positions of the PV modules, the algorithm finds the maximum number of PV modules that can be arranged within the canvas area. This layout calculation process is repeated for multiple iterations until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the maximum number of PV modules in the canvas does not change significantly over a period of time. In other words, the algorithm stops calculating when it reaches the maximum number of iterations or when the number of PV modules arranged in the canvas reaches the upper limit of the number of PV modules that can be arranged in the canvas. The layout scheme corresponding to the maximum number of PV modules found is the optimal layout rule scheme for that canvas.

[0081] As a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image. This includes: setting a photovoltaic module array, wherein the number of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array is n×m, where n is the number of rows of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array, and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array; determining the size data of the photovoltaic module array based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules; and arranging and laying out the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic module array, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0082] In some cases, to meet specific photovoltaic (PV) module layout or inverter installation requirements, multiple PV modules need to be combined into an array in a fixed arrangement. Therefore, PV module layout design should be carried out on a unit basis: PV module array. In such cases, although some areas can accommodate one or more PV modules, they cannot accommodate a PV module array, so PV modules will not be laid out in these areas. Please refer to Figures 15 and 16. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of parameter adjustment for PV module array layout provided by this invention, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of PV module array layout provided by this invention. In Figure 15, the PV module array has n = 2 and m = 3, with two rows and three columns of PV modules arranged as one array. The installation direction of the PV modules is vertical, that is, the width of the PV module is aligned with the reference edge. The module tilt angle is selected as 38.01°, which can be set according to the actual situation. The horizontal and vertical spacing between each PV module in the same PV module array is 0. However, the horizontal spacing between adjacent arrays is 60cm, and the vertical spacing is 60cm. This application does not limit this. As shown in Figure 16, the layout of the canvas c is based on a photovoltaic module array. The length of the photovoltaic module array is 3 times the width of a single photovoltaic module, and the width of the photovoltaic module array is 2 times the length of a single photovoltaic module.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, after generating the photovoltaic module layout design scheme, the method further includes: determining the total cost of each photovoltaic module, the inverter connected to each photovoltaic module, and the controller connected to each inverter in the photovoltaic module layout design scheme; determining the power generation revenue of each photovoltaic module based on the photovoltaic module layout design scheme and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power plant to be built; and generating a revenue report based on the total cost and power generation revenue.

[0084] After completing the layout of photovoltaic modules in each canvas, the system can calculate the costs and revenues of the area to be built as a power plant and generate a revenue report. Specifically, it receives user input regarding the materials and prices required for building the photovoltaic power plant, such as the quantity, model, and price of photovoltaic modules, inverters, connecting wires, local electricity purchase and sales prices, and the user's self-consumption ratio. This data, combined with the projected revenue for the area to be built, generates a revenue report.

[0085] In this embodiment, the system automatically calculates the power generation, revenue, and investment payback period of the proposed power station based on the solar irradiance conditions obtained from the geographical location of the area to be constructed, and using information such as the number of photovoltaic modules and inverter models calculated by the photovoltaic module layout algorithm. A simulation evaluation report is then generated. Users can quickly understand the construction status of the proposed photovoltaic power station and assess its investment returns through this report. Since no manual measurement or design is required, the entire photovoltaic module layout process can be completed in just a few minutes. No on-site personnel or professional designers are needed, resulting in extremely low design costs. If the user is not satisfied with the design, they can quickly complete the design again by simply adjusting some parameters or redesigning.

[0086] Please refer to Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the material list selection for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the electricity price for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module layout and revenue for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of power generation forecast for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of revenue analysis for a power plant area to be constructed, provided by the present invention. Figure 17 shows that cost estimation can be performed based on installed capacity or by the material list. Users can select the model of the photovoltaic module, the model of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and the model of the inverter, and input the price of each material to calculate the material cost. Figure 18 shows the electricity charging standard for the power plant area to be constructed. Users can select whether to connect the photovoltaic module output to the grid or use it for self-consumption after the photovoltaic power plant is completed, based on the average electricity price, grid connection price, subsidy price, and annual average self-consumption ratio of the power plant area to be constructed, thereby predicting the revenue after the photovoltaic power plant is completed. After calculating the costs and benefits, as shown in Figure 19, a project overview can be provided for the photovoltaic module layout, material requirements, costs, and benefits of the area where the power plant is to be built. This allows users to view the photovoltaic module layout of the power plant to be built, such as the number of photovoltaic modules used, system installed capacity, number of inverters, total inverter power, and grid capacity ratio. It also allows for the estimation of power generation, benefits, payback period, and cumulative CO2 emission reduction over 25 years, so that users can check whether the benefits of the photovoltaic power plant meet their needs. Figures 20 and 21 also show the monthly power generation forecast for the first year after the photovoltaic power plant is completed and the annual benefits of the photovoltaic power plant, providing users with a more intuitive view of the benefit prospects of the area where the power plant is to be built. Figure 20 visually illustrates the power generation forecast based on the photovoltaic module layout generated in this application. It compares the monthly power generation and consumption in the first year after the power plant is completed, and displays the power generation, consumption, self-consumption ratio, and equivalent generating hours for the first year. It also provides estimates for the cumulative power generation, consumption, self-consumption ratio, and equivalent generating hours over 25 years. This helps users determine whether the power generation after the power plant is completed meets their needs. If not, the parameters for the photovoltaic module layout can be adjusted, and a new power generation forecast can be generated. Figure 21 shows a bar chart of the expected cumulative revenue for each year after the power plant is completed, and displays the system cost, cost per watt, first-year revenue, and net revenue. This helps users determine whether the power generation after the power plant is completed meets their needs. If not, the parameters for the photovoltaic module layout can be adjusted, and a new forecast of the cumulative revenue for each year can be generated.

[0087] As can be seen, in this application, if the user is not satisfied with the power generation forecast or revenue analysis of the area to be constructed as a power station, the relevant parameters of the area to be constructed can be directly modified, such as reselecting the reference edge or reselecting the photovoltaic module model, which can generate a new photovoltaic module layout and revenue analysis, which is efficient and fast.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 22, which is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout system provided by the present invention. The system includes:

[0089] Image acquisition unit 221 is used to acquire a vertical image of the area to be constructed in the power plant; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the area to be constructed in the power plant and perpendicular to the ground where the area to be constructed is located; canvas division unit 222 is used to select one or more canvases on the vertical image based on the terrain of the area to be constructed in the power plant; photovoltaic module arrangement unit 223 is used to arrange the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas and the scaling ratio of the vertical image.

[0090] For a description of the photovoltaic module layout system provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiments; the present invention will not be described again here.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 23, which is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module layout device provided by the present invention. The device includes:

[0092] The memory 231 is used to store a computer program; the processor 232 is used to implement the steps of the photovoltaic module layout method described above when executing the computer program.

[0093] For a description of the photovoltaic module layout device provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiments; the present invention will not be described again here.

[0094] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0095] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module layout method, characterized in that, include: Obtain a vertical image of the area where the power plant to be built is to be constructed; the vertical image is an image obtained from above the area where the power plant to be constructed is to be constructed and is perpendicular to the ground where the power plant to be constructed is located; Based on the terrain of the area where the power plant to be built is located, one or more canvases are selected on the vertical image; Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas.

2. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the method further includes: Determine the illumination parameters of the geographical location of the area where the power station to be built is located, and calculate the optimal illumination tilt angle of the photovoltaic module based on the illumination parameters; The projected area of ​​the photovoltaic module is calculated based on the optimal illumination tilt angle and the size data of the photovoltaic module; Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas, including: Based on the projected area of ​​the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged on each canvas.

3. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Determine the illumination parameters of the geographical location of the area where the power station to be built is located, and calculate the optimal illumination tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules based on the illumination parameters, including: The solar altitude angle and solar incidence angle are determined based on the longitude and latitude of the geographical location of the area where the power station to be built is located; The optimal illumination tilt angle is calculated based on the longitude, the latitude, the solar altitude angle, and the solar incidence angle.

4. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain vertical images of the area where the power plant to be built, including: Satellite map images of the area where the power plant to be built is obtained from an online map based on the geographical location of the area.

5. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical image is a plan view of the area where the power plant to be built is located.

6. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas, including: Determine the reference edge of each of the aforementioned canvases; Starting from the reference edge of each of the canvases, the photovoltaic modules are arranged sequentially based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each of the canvases, the shape of each of the canvases, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, with the bottom edge of each photovoltaic module parallel to the reference edge of its corresponding canvas.

7. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, after arranging the photovoltaic modules on each canvas, the method further includes: If the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in each of the canvases reaches the upper limit of each canvas, a photovoltaic module layout design scheme is generated. The photovoltaic module layout design scheme includes each canvas and the arrangement of photovoltaic modules in each canvas.

8. The photovoltaic module layout method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, After generating the photovoltaic module layout design scheme, the following is also included: Determine the total cost of each photovoltaic module, the inverter connected to each photovoltaic module, and the controller connected to each inverter in the photovoltaic module layout design scheme; The power generation revenue of each photovoltaic module is determined based on the photovoltaic module layout design scheme and the electricity price of the geographical location of the power station to be built area; A revenue report is generated based on the total cost and the power generation revenue.

9. The photovoltaic module layout method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Based on the size data of the photovoltaic modules, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid out on each canvas, including: A photovoltaic module array is defined, wherein the number of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array is n×m, where n is the number of rows of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array and m is the number of columns of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module array; The size data of the photovoltaic module array is determined based on the size data of the photovoltaic module; Based on the size data of the photovoltaic module array, the size data of each canvas, the shape of each canvas, and the scaling ratio of the vertical image, the photovoltaic modules are arranged on each canvas.

10. A photovoltaic module layout device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to, when executing a computer program, implement the steps of the photovoltaic module layout method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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