3D printer

Abstract

A 3D printer, comprising a first extrusion assembly, a driving member, a guide member, and a 3D printing head, wherein the first extrusion assembly and the 3D printing head are spaced apart; the driving member is configured to drive the 3D printing head to slide on the guide member; the 3D printing head comprises a first hot end assembly, a second hot end assembly, and a second extrusion assembly; the first extrusion assembly is configured to drive a first filament so as to convey the first filament to the first hot end assembly; and the second extrusion assembly is configured to drive a second filament so as to convey the second filament to the second hot end assembly. When the driving member drives the 3D printing head, the first extrusion assembly does not need to move on the guide member together with the 3D printing head, thereby reducing the output load of the driving member when driving the 3D printing head. The first extrusion assembly is not integrated into the 3D printing head, thereby reducing the size and weight of the 3D printing head and improving the movement speed of the 3D printing head during printing of a product.

Description

3D printer

[0001] This application claims priority to PCT / CN2025 / 072614, filed on January 15, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and more particularly to a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0003] 3D printers print three-dimensional products using 3D print heads. These products may contain different colors or materials, requiring the 3D printer to provide various filaments during the printing process.

[0004] Currently, some 3D printers integrate filament switching functions into the 3D print head to improve the efficiency of switching between different filaments. However, this also makes the 3D print head larger and heavier, greatly sacrificing the movement speed of the 3D print head during the printing process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application discloses a 3D printer that helps to reduce the size of the 3D print head and increase the movement speed of the 3D print head during the printing process.

[0006] This application provides a 3D printer, which includes a first extrusion assembly, a drive component, a guide component, and a 3D print head. The first extrusion assembly and the 3D print head are separately disposed. The 3D print head is slidably connected to the guide component, and the drive component is driveably connected to the 3D print head. The 3D print head includes a connecting frame, a first hot end assembly, a second hot end assembly, and a second extrusion assembly, which are connected to the connecting frame. The first extrusion assembly is used to drive a first feed line to convey the first feed line to the first hot end assembly. The first extrusion assembly includes a first motor and two extrusion rollers. The first motor is drively connected to at least one of the two extrusion rollers. The gap between the two extrusion rollers in the first extrusion assembly is used for the first feed line to pass through, and the two extrusion rollers in the first extrusion assembly are used to jointly clamp the first feed line and convey it to the first hot end assembly. The second extrusion assembly is used to drive a second feed line to convey the second feed line to the second hot end assembly.

[0007] In one feasible implementation, the first hot end assembly is movably connected to the connecting frame, and the second hot end assembly is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, the first feed line is a hard material feed line, and the second feed line is a soft material feed line. For example, the hard material can be a material with high stiffness or low elasticity, such as PLA or PETG; the soft material can be a material with low stiffness or high elasticity, such as TPU or TPE. Because soft material feed lines, such as TPU, are highly elastic, flexible, and easily bent, they require high precision in print control. Therefore, this application employs a remote extrusion assembly to deliver the hard material feed line, and a local extrusion assembly to deliver the soft material feed line, ensuring the printing accuracy and quality of the soft material.

[0009] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer further includes a first feed tube and a second feed tube, the diameter of the first feed tube being smaller than the diameter of the second feed tube; the first feed tube is used to connect to the first hot end assembly, and the second feed tube is used to connect to the second hot end assembly; the first feed line passes through the first feed tube and is transported to the first hot end assembly, and the second feed line passes through the second feed tube and is transported to the second hot end assembly. Since the first extrusion assembly is far from the first hot end assembly, using a smaller diameter first feed tube to transport the first feed line results in a smaller gap between the feed line and the tube wall, reducing the circumferential movement space of the feed line within the tube. This allows for accurate control of the feed line position and helps the feed line move stably along the tube in a straight line. Especially in the case of remote extrusion as described in this application, where the extrusion assembly is far from the hot end, it also reduces friction between the feed line and the tube, avoiding the risk of feed jamming.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, a second feed tube is used for the passage of a soft material thread, and the inner wall of the second feed tube has axial patterns. The second feed tube is connected to a second hot-end assembly, and a second extrusion assembly is used to print the soft material thread. The extrusion assembly is close to the hot end, which ensures that the path between the extrusion assembly for conveying the soft material thread and the hot-end assembly for heating and melting the soft material thread is short and straight. This ensures the control accuracy of the soft material and reduces the backflow of the soft material thread. It also reduces the resistance caused by the bending of the soft material thread and improves the success rate of conveying the soft material thread. Furthermore, the axial patterns on the inner wall of the second feed tube for conveying the soft material thread reduce the contact area between the soft material thread and the feed tube, increase the air entering between the feed tube and the thread, reduce the friction between the feed tube and the thread, and facilitate the conveying of the soft material thread.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer further includes a collision mechanism, and the 3D printing head further includes a lifting mechanism connected to the connecting frame. The lifting mechanism is connected to the first hot end assembly, and the lifting mechanism further includes a trigger for colliding with the collision mechanism to drive the first hot end assembly to perform a lifting movement.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer also includes a housing and a frame, the housing forming a build space around the frame, a 3D printing head and a guide disposed within the build space, the guide being kinetically connected to the frame, and a first extrusion assembly detachably disposed on the housing.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the first extrusion assembly is detachably disposed on the side of the housing facing away from the 3D printing head.

[0014] In one feasible implementation, the first extrusion assembly further includes a housing and a mounting base, with the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel disposed on the mounting base, and the housing and the mounting base being detachably connected; the housing encloses a receiving space with an opening, and the first motor, the first driving wheel, the first driven wheel and the mounting base are all received within the receiving space.

[0015] In one feasible implementation, the housing is fastened to the mounting base, and one of the inner wall surface of the housing and the mounting base is provided with a first protrusion and the other is provided with a first groove, with the first protrusion extending into the first groove.

[0016] In one feasible implementation, the shell is provided with a first notch and a second notch on opposite sides along the material conveying direction, the first notch being connected to the receiving space and the second notch being connected to the receiving space.

[0017] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer further includes a first feed tube connector, a first notch and / or a second notch through which the first feed tube connector passes, the first feed tube connector being used to connect the first feed tube so that a first feed line passes through the first feed tube.

[0018] In one feasible implementation, a heat sink is provided on the surface of the first motor, and the first motor contacts the outer wall of the housing through the heat sink. The housing is a metal housing.

[0019] In one feasible implementation, the mounting base has a snap-fit ​​part on the surface facing the opening, and the outer wall of the housing has a snap-fit ​​mating part, with the snap-fit ​​part engaging with the snap-fit ​​mating part.

[0020] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer also includes a second feed tube connector, which is detachably installed in the housing. One end of the second feed tube connector is located inside the housing, and the other end of the second feed tube connector extends outside the housing. A second feed tube is connected between the second feed tube connector and the second extrusion assembly, and the second feed tube is used for the passage of a second feed line.

[0021] In one feasible implementation, the second feed tube connector is located in the middle area of ​​the housing. In this case, the bending angle of the second feed tube in the entire printing space will not be too large, and the resistance when the feed line passes through will not be too large.

[0022] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer further includes a second feed tube connector, which is detachably installed in the housing. One end of the second feed tube connector is located inside the housing, and the other end of the second feed tube connector extends outside the housing. A second feed tube is connected between the second feed tube connector and the second extrusion assembly, through which a second feed line passes. The axial direction of the second feed tube connector is parallel to the axial direction of the first feed tube connector.

[0023] In one feasible implementation, the angle between the first feed pipe joint and / or the second feed pipe joint and the outer wall of the housing is in the range of 25°-40°.

[0024] In one feasible implementation, the second feed pipe connector includes a main body and a connecting part, the connecting part surrounding and connecting to the main body, and the main body being used for the passage of the second feed line.

[0025] The outer casing is also provided with a through hole for the connecting part to extend into. The inner wall of the outer casing where the through hole is located is provided with a limiting part. The part of the connecting part that extends into the outer casing through the through hole is provided with a limiting mating part that cooperates with the limiting part.

[0026] In one feasible implementation, the 3D printer's functional components are fixedly mounted on the side of the housing facing the build space where the through-hole is located. The functional components include at least one of a synchronous belt motor, a filter fan, a heating fan, a cooling fan, and an electronic compartment.

[0027] In one feasible implementation, the limiting portion includes a second protrusion located on one side of the through hole in a first direction, and the limiting mating portion includes a hook that contacts the side of the second protrusion away from the through hole.

[0028] In one feasible implementation, the limiting portion includes a third protrusion located on one side of the through hole in the second direction, with the first and second directions perpendicular to each other, and the limiting mating portion includes a second groove into which the third protrusion extends.

[0029] In one feasible implementation, the vertical distance between the surface of the second protrusion away from the outer shell and the surface of the hook close to the outer shell is 0.49mm-0.61mm.

[0030] In one feasible implementation, the through-hole includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment in a first direction, with the second segment located between the first and third segments. In a second direction, the size of the first segment is larger than the size of the second segment, and the size of the third segment is larger than the size of the second segment.

[0031] In one feasible implementation, the third protrusion is located on one side of the second segment in the second direction.

[0032] In one feasible implementation, a limiting groove is provided on the outer wall where the through hole is located in the housing. The limiting groove surrounds the through hole, and the second material pipe connector also includes a blocking part. The blocking part surrounds the main body and is connected to the main body. The blocking part contacts the bottom surface of the limiting groove.

[0033] In one feasible implementation, the second extrusion assembly includes a second motor and two extrusion rollers. The second motor is used to drive at least one of the two extrusion rollers. The gap between the two extrusion rollers in the second extrusion assembly allows the second feed line to pass through, and the two extrusion rollers in the second extrusion assembly are used to jointly clamp the second feed line and convey it to the second hot end assembly.

[0034] In this solution, when the driver is driving the 3D print head, the first extrusion component does not need to move along the guide with the 3D print head, which reduces the output burden on the driver. Since the first extrusion component is not integrated into the 3D print head, the size and weight of the 3D print head can be reduced, preventing it from becoming too bulky under the drive of the driver and increasing the movement speed of the 3D print head during product printing. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D printing head provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first extrusion assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a top view of the first extrusion assembly in Figure 3;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second extrusion assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a 3D printing head provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the 3D printing head collides with the collision mechanism according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 is a partial schematic diagram of Figure 7;

[0043] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a collision mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another collision mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the lifting mechanism and the first hot end assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first hot end component located at the first position according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first hot end component located at the second position according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting frame lifting mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 15 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a 3D printing head provided in one embodiment of this application from another perspective;

[0050] Figure 16 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a 3D printing head provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective;

[0051] Figure 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a 3D printing head provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective;

[0052] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the 3D printing head in Figure 2 from another perspective;

[0053] Figure 19 is a top view of an extruded front shell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 20 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extruded front shell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 21 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a 3D printing head provided in an embodiment of this application from another perspective;

[0056] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the first extrusion assembly and the outer shell are detachably connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first extrusion assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of the first extrusion assembly in Figure 23;

[0059] Figure 25 is another cross-sectional view of the first extrusion assembly in Figure 23;

[0060] Figure 26 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the outer casing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second material pipe connector and the outer shell provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of the second material pipe joint and the outer shell in Figure 27 from another perspective;

[0063] Figure 29 is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the connection between the second material pipe connector and the outer shell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 30 is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the connection between the second material pipe connector and the outer shell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second material pipe connector provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 32 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the outer casing provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1. This application provides a 3D printer 1. The 3D printer 1 may include a first extrusion assembly 11, a drive member 12, a guide member 14, and a 3D printing head 13. The first extrusion assembly 11 and the 3D printing head 13 are separated. The 3D printing head 13 is slidably disposed on the guide member 14, and the drive member 12 is connected to the 3D printing head 13 in a transmission connection.

[0069] Referring to Figure 2, the 3D printing head 13 includes a connecting frame 131, a first hot-end assembly 132, a second hot-end assembly 133, and a second extrusion assembly 134. The first hot-end assembly 132, the second hot-end assembly 133, and the second extrusion assembly 134 are connected to the connecting frame 131. The first extrusion assembly 11 drives the first feed line 2 to convey the first feed line 2 to the first hot-end assembly 132, and the second extrusion assembly 134 drives the second feed line 3 to convey the second feed line 3 to the second hot-end assembly 133. At least one of the first hot-end assembly 132 and the second hot-end assembly 133 is movably connected to the connecting frame 131. For example, the first hot-end assembly 132 is movably connected to the connecting frame 131, and the second hot-end assembly 133 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 131. Alternatively, the first hot-end assembly 132 is movably connected to the connecting frame 131, and the second hot-end assembly 133 is also movably connected to the connecting frame 131.

[0070] In some feasible implementations, the guide 14 can be a carbon rod or a linear guide, and the connecting frame 131 is provided with a through hole for the carbon rod or linear guide to pass through, thereby realizing the sliding connection of the 3D printing head 13 to the guide 14.

[0071] In the embodiments provided in this application, the 3D printer 1 may further include a processing platform, on which the 3D print head 13 prints the product during printing. During the printing process, the first hot-end component 132 heats the first filament 2 to a molten state and then sprays the molten filament onto the processing platform to process the product. The second hot-end component 133 heats the second filament 3 to a molten state and then sprays the molten second filament 3 onto the processing platform to process the product. The processing platform can be raised and lowered; as the printed product gradually thickens during printing, the processing platform can gradually descend to ensure that the 3D print head 13 remains above the product. The above description pertains to core xy structure 3D printers. In some feasible implementations, in cantilever or gantry 3D printers, the first and second hot-end components can heat the filament to a molten state and spray it onto the processing platform. During the process of the hot-end components spraying the molten filament onto the processing platform, the processing platform can move along the y-axis, while the 3D print head moves up and down along the Z-axis and along the X-axis to achieve the processing of three-dimensional objects. The accompanying drawings of this application use a core xy structure 3D printer as an example and do not constitute a limitation on the 3D printer structure of this application. The solution of this application can be applied to other structures such as cantilever and gantry 3D printers.

[0072] The 3D printing head 13 can switch between using the first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133, thereby switching the material line ejected onto the processing platform to form a product. For example, a product can be formed by processing a first wire 2 and a second wire 3. By using the 3D printing head 13 to switch between the first hot end component 132 and the second hot end component 133, the first wire 2 and the second wire 3 can be melted alternately (wherein, the first hot end component 132 can heat the first wire 2 to make it molten, and the second hot end component 133 can heat the second wire 3 to make it molten). The first hot end component 132 sprays the molten first wire 2 onto the processing platform, and the second hot end component 133 sprays the molten second wire 3 onto the processing platform. The molten first wire 2 and the second hot end component 133 form a product on the processing platform, thereby improving processing efficiency and reducing waste. This is because by adding hot end components, different hot end components can be used to heat different wires. For example, heating wires of different colors eliminates the need to increase rinsing time and waste rinsing wire to clean the residue of the previous wire in the hot end component.

[0073] For example, when printing a product, the 3D printing head 13 ejects material through the first hot end assembly 132 or the second hot end assembly 133. The driving member 12 drives the 3D printing head 13 to move along a preset trajectory. The driving member 12 can drive the 3D printing head 13 to move along a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) or a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). When the first hot end assembly 132 is ejecting the first molten material line 2, the 3D printing head 13 moves along a portion of the preset trajectory. When the second hot end assembly 133 is ejecting the second molten material line 3, the 3D printing head 13 moves along another portion of the preset trajectory.

[0074] In the embodiments provided in this application, when the first hot-end assembly 132 is in the sprayed molten state of the first feed line 2, the first feed line 2 can be conveyed to the first hot-end assembly 132 by the first extrusion assembly 11. Specifically, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the first extrusion assembly 11 includes a first motor 111, an extrusion wheel 112, and an extrusion wheel 113. The first motor 111 can be drivenly connected to the extrusion wheel 112. In some feasible embodiments, the first motor 111 can be drivenly connected to the extrusion wheel 113. Alternatively, the first motor 111 can be drivenly connected to both the extrusion wheel 112 and the extrusion wheel 113.

[0075] For example, the outer peripheral surface of extrusion wheel 112 may be spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of extrusion wheel 113. A gap is formed between extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113 for the first feed line 2 to pass through, and the first feed line 2 contacts the outer peripheral surfaces of both extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113 simultaneously, with both outer peripheral surfaces jointly clamping the first feed line 2. First motor 111 drives extrusion wheel 112 to rotate, and the first feed line 2 is conveyed through the clamping friction of extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113, for example, conveying the first feed line 2 from the first extrusion assembly 11 to the first hot end assembly 132. Alternatively, first motor 111 drives extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113 simultaneously, and the first feed line 2 is conveyed to the first hot end assembly 132 through the clamping and conveying of the first feed line 2 by extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113.

[0076] When the second hot end assembly 133 is in the sprayed molten state of the second material line 3, the second material line 3 can be conveyed to the second hot end assembly 133 through the second extrusion assembly 134. Referring to Figure 5, the second extrusion assembly 134 includes a second motor 1341, an extrusion wheel 1342, and an extrusion wheel 1343. The second motor 1341 can drive the extrusion wheel 1342 to rotate. The outer peripheral surface of the extrusion wheel 1342 is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the extrusion wheel 1343. The gap between the outer peripheral surfaces of the extrusion wheel 1342 and the extrusion wheel 1343 allows the second material line 3 to pass through. The second material line 3 is in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of both the extrusion wheel 1342 and the extrusion wheel 1343 simultaneously, and the outer peripheral surfaces of both wheels together hold the second material line 3. The second motor 1341 drives the extrusion wheel 1342 to rotate. The second material line 3 is conveyed through the clamping friction between the extrusion wheels 1342 and 1343, for example, conveying the second material line 3 from the second extrusion assembly 134 to the second hot end assembly 133. Alternatively, the second motor 1341 can simultaneously drive both the extrusion wheels 1342 and 1343 to rotate, conveying the second material line 3 to the second hot end assembly 133 through the clamping and conveying action of the extrusion wheels 1342 and 1343.

[0077] In this embodiment, the 3D printer 1 has two extrusion components. The second extrusion component 134 is disposed in the 3D print head 13, that is, the second extrusion component 134 is disposed close to the second hot end component 133. The first extrusion component 11 is not disposed in the 3D print head 13, that is, the first extrusion component 11 is disposed relatively far from the first hot end component 132. It can be seen that the 3D printer provided in this application can include a dual hot end printer with one near-field extrusion and one far-field extrusion. When the drive member 12 drives the 3D print head 13, the first extrusion component 11 does not need to move with the 3D print head 13 on the guide member 14, which can reduce the output burden of the drive member 12 in driving the 3D print head 13. The fact that the first extrusion component 11 is not integrated into the 3D print head 13 can also reduce the size and weight of the 3D print head 13, avoid the 3D print head 13 being too bulky under the drive of the drive member 12, and improve the movement speed of the 3D print head 13 when printing products. Therefore, this application can achieve the benefits of dual-hot-end printers, such as improved processing efficiency and reduced waste, while avoiding the problems caused by existing dual-hot-end printers that place both extrusion components on the 3D print head, such as the 3D print head being too bulky and large, resulting in a decrease in the movement speed of the 3D print head 13 and a decrease in control precision.

[0078] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first feed line 2 is a hard material feed line, and the second feed line 3 is a soft material feed line. For example, the hard material can be a material with high stiffness or low elasticity, such as PLA, PETG, etc.; the soft material can be a material with low stiffness or high elasticity, such as TPU, TPE, etc. Because soft material feed lines, such as TPU, are highly elastic, flexible, and easily bent, they require high precision in printing control. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, a remote extrusion assembly is used to transport the hard material feed line, and a local extrusion assembly is used to transport the soft material feed line, ensuring the printing accuracy and quality of the soft material.

[0079] In the embodiments provided in this application, the 3D printer 1 further includes a first feed tube 1a and a second feed tube 1b, wherein the diameter of the first feed tube 1a is smaller than the diameter of the second feed tube 1b; the first feed tube 1a is used to connect to the first hot end assembly 132, and the second feed tube 1b is used to connect to the second hot end assembly 133; the first feed line 2 passes through the first feed tube 1a and is transported to the first hot end assembly 132, and the second feed line 3 passes through the second feed tube 1b and is transported to the second hot end assembly 133. Since the first extrusion assembly 11 is relatively far from the first hot end assembly 132, using the smaller diameter first feed tube 1a to transport the first feed line 2 results in a smaller gap between the feed line and the tube wall, reducing the circumferential movement space of the feed line in the tube. This allows for accurate control of the feed line position and helps the feed line to move stably along the tube. Especially in the case of remote extrusion in this application, where the extrusion assembly is far from the hot end, it also reduces friction between the feed line and the tube, avoiding the risk of feed jamming.

[0080] In the embodiments provided in this application, the second feed tube 1b is used for the passage of a soft material thread, and the inner wall of the second feed tube 1b is provided with axial patterns. The second feed tube 1b is connected to the second hot end assembly 133, and the soft material thread is printed using the second extrusion assembly 134. The extrusion assembly is close to the hot end, which can ensure that the path between the extrusion assembly used to transport the soft material thread and the hot end assembly used to heat and melt the soft material thread is short and straight, ensuring the control accuracy of the soft material and reducing the backflow of the soft material thread. It can also reduce the resistance caused by the bending of the soft material thread and improve the success rate of transporting the soft material thread. Furthermore, the axial patterns on the inner wall of the second feed tube 1b used to transport the soft material thread can reduce the contact area between the soft material thread and the feed tube, increase the air entering between the feed tube and the thread, reduce the friction between the feed tube and the thread, and facilitate the transport of the soft material thread.

[0081] In the embodiments provided in this application, the 3D printer 1 is further connected to a feeding device, which can accommodate a first feed line 2 and a second feed line 3. The feeding device can release the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3. The first feed line 2 extends from the feeding device, passes through the first extrusion assembly 11, and is conveyed to the first hot end assembly 132. The first hot end assembly 132 heats the first feed line 2 and sprays molten first feed line 2. The first extrusion assembly 11 can drive the first feed line 2, conveying it to the first hot end assembly 132. The second feed line 3 extends from the feeding device, passes through the second extrusion assembly 134, and is conveyed to the second hot end assembly 133. The second hot end assembly 133 heats the second feed line 3 and sprays molten second feed line 3. The second extrusion assembly 134 can drive the second feed line 3, conveying it to the second hot end assembly 133.

[0082] In a 3D print head with dual hot-end components, the position of the hot-end component in the working state is lower than the position of the hot-end component in the idle state. For example, when the 3D print head 13 uses the first hot-end component 132 to spray the first molten material filament 2, the lowest point of the second hot-end component 133 is higher than the lowest point of the first hot-end component 132. During the movement of the 3D print head 13, the drive member 12 can prevent interference (e.g., collision) between the second hot-end component 133 and the product. When processing the product, the lowest point of the first hot-end component 132 is slightly higher than the product to improve processing accuracy. If the lowest point of the second hot-end component 133 is lower than the lowest point of the first hot-end component 132, the lowest point of the second hot-end component 133 may be lower than the product, causing interference between the 3D print head 13 and the product during movement.

[0083] When the 3D printing head 13 uses the second hot end component 133 to spray the second material line 3 in a molten state, the lowest point of the first hot end component 132 needs to be higher than the lowest point of the second hot end component 133. This can prevent the lowest point of the first hot end component 132 from being lower than the product. During the movement of the 3D printing head 13, interference (e.g., collision) between the first hot end component 132 and the product can be prevented.

[0084] In the embodiments provided in this application, the first hot-end component 132 is movably connected to the connecting frame 131, and the second hot-end component 133 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 131. By changing the relative position of the first hot-end component 132 and the connecting frame 131, for example, by raising and lowering the first hot-end component 132 relative to the processing platform on the connecting frame 131, the relative height of the first hot-end component 132 and the second hot-end component 133 can be changed. For example, when the 3D printing head 13 uses the first hot-end component 132 to eject the first material line 2, the relative position of the first hot-end component 132 and the connecting frame 131 can be adjusted so that the lowest point of the first hot-end component 132 is lower than the lowest point of the second hot-end component 133. When the 3D printing head 13 uses the second hot-end component 133 to eject the second material line 3, the relative position of the first hot-end component 132 and the connecting frame 131 can be adjusted so that the lowest point of the first hot-end component 132 is higher than the lowest point of the second hot-end component 133. It is understood that the height difference between the first hot-end assembly 132 and the second hot-end assembly 133 is in the Z-axis direction. Implementing this application, the use of a liftable, movable first hot-end assembly 132 in conjunction with a remote extrusion assembly, such as a first extrusion assembly, ensures the printing effect of both the fixed second hot-end assembly 133 and the near-field extrusion second hot-end assembly 133. This is particularly suitable for using the first hot-end assembly 132 to spray support material and the second hot-end assembly 133 to spray the main body components of a 3D product. This is because the first extrusion assembly 11 is relatively far from the first hot-end assembly 132, making it difficult to control the feed rate of the first material line 2 and guarantee print quality. However, it can be used to print support parts that need to be disassembled from the main body of the product, without affecting the appearance of the 3D product due to print quality issues.

[0085] In some embodiments, the 3D printing head 13 further includes a lifting mechanism 135 connected to the connecting frame 131. The lifting mechanism can be connected to at least one of the first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133. For example, referring to Figures 6 and 7, the 3D printing head 13 further includes a lifting mechanism 135 connected to the connecting frame 131. Figure 6 illustrates the connection of the lifting mechanism 135 to the first hot end assembly 132. Optionally, in some other embodiments, the lifting mechanism 135 can be connected to the second hot end assembly 133. The 3D printer 1 may also include a housing 15 and a collision mechanism 16. The lifting mechanism 135 includes a trigger 1351 for colliding with the collision mechanism 16 to move the hot end assembly movably connected to the connecting frame 131 up and down. The collision mechanism 16 is mounted on the housing 15.

[0086] In the embodiments provided in this application, the housing 15 may include a base 151, and a processing platform is connected to the base 151. For example, the processing platform may be connected to the base 151 via a lead screw or a slider. The 3D printing head 13 may move relative to the housing 15 along at least one of a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 8, 9, and 10. The collision mechanism 16 includes a contact member 161 and a reset member 162. One end of the contact member 161 is hinged to the housing 15, and the axis of hinge between the contact member 161 and the housing 15 is parallel to a first direction, exemplarily taking the X-axis as the first direction. The other end of the contact member 161 is used to collide with the trigger member 1351 in the 3D printing head 13 moving along the first direction, thereby driving the first hot end assembly 132 to rise and fall. The contact member 161 and the reset member 162 are connected to the housing 15. The reset member 162 includes an elastic member 1621 or a magnetic suction member. One end of the contact member 161 that is hinged to the housing 15 is located below the upper surface of the base 151, and the other end of the contact member 161 is located above the inner surface of the housing 15.

[0088] Specifically, the collision mechanism 16 is connected to the base 151, one end of the contact member 161 is hinged to the base 151, and the other end of the contact member 161 protrudes from the upper surface of the base 151 for collision with the trigger member 1351 in the 3D printing head 13 moving in the first direction. It can be understood that the end of the contact member 161 hinged to the base 151 is located below the upper surface of the base 151, and the other end of the contact member 161 is located above the upper surface of the base 151.

[0089] The contact 161 is connected to the base 151 via the reset member 162. When the contact 161 rotates relative to the base 151, the reset member 162 can return the contact 161 to its initial state.

[0090] In one feasible implementation, a reset member 162 is connected between the contact member 161 and the base 151. The reset member 162 is an elastic member 1621. When the contact member 161 is subjected to an external force (e.g., an impact from the 3D printing head 13 in a second direction), the elastic member 1621 can elastically deform. When the external force on the contact member 161 disappears, the elastic member 1621 resets, allowing the contact member 161 to return to its initial state. During the 3D printing process, the 3D printing head 13 may experience a step loss failure, impacting the contact member 161 in a second direction, such as the Y-axis direction. To prevent damage to the 3D printing head due to collision with the collision mechanism 16, the contact member 161 is equipped with a highly compliant reset member 162 in the second direction, where a large impact force is not required to be provided to the trigger member 1351, instead of a highly rigid contact member. This allows the contact member 161 to absorb the collision force in the second direction when the 3D printing head experiences a step loss failure.

[0091] In one feasible implementation, the reset member 162 is a magnetic suction member 1622, which includes a first magnetic part 16221 and a second magnetic part 16222. The first magnetic part 16221 is disposed on the housing 15, and the second magnetic part 16222 is disposed on the contact member 161. In the initial state, the first magnetic part 16221 and the second magnetic part 16222 are attracted together. When the contact member 161 is subjected to an external force (e.g., an impact from the 3D printing head 13 in a second direction), the external force overcomes the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic part 16221 and the second magnetic part 16222, and the first magnetic part 16221 and the second magnetic part 16222 separate. When the external force on the contact member 161 disappears, the first magnetic part 16221 and the second magnetic part 16222 are attracted together again by magnetic force. Optionally, the magnetic component 1622 may include a magnetic component and a metal component, wherein the magnetic component is disposed in the housing 15 and the metal component is disposed in the contact component 161.

[0092] In this embodiment, the housing 15 and the contact member 161 are connected by a reset member 162. When the contact member 161 is subjected to external force, the reset member 162 can act as a buffer, which can reduce the collision force on the 3D printing head 13 when it comes into contact with the contact member 161, thus protecting the 3D printing head 13.

[0093] When the 3D print head 13 switches hot-end components via the lifting mechanism 135, for example, switching from ejecting printing material from the first hot-end component 132 to ejecting printing material from the second hot-end component 133, or vice versa, the 3D print head 13 can be manually moved to a set position, and then collided with the contact member 161 along a first direction. The contact member 161 then collided with the trigger member 1351, causing the contact member 161 to actuate the trigger member 1351. The movement of the trigger member 1351 can cause either the first hot-end component 132 or the second hot-end component 133 to rise or fall, or the trigger member 1351 can cause one of the first hot-end components 132 and the second hot-end component 133 to rise while the other falls. This ensures that the component with the lower position among the first hot-end components 132 and the second hot-end component 133 ejects printing material.

[0094] In the embodiments provided in this application, the trigger 1351 collides with the collision mechanism 16, causing the lifting mechanism 135 to passively lift and lower, thereby driving one of the first hot-end components 132 or the second hot-end components 133 to lift and lower. Compared to active lifting, which requires a motor in the 3D print head to switch the lifting and lowering of the hot-end components, and some even require a motor to clamp the material line to cooperate with the lifting and lowering of the hot-end components, this application uses passive lifting and lowering of the hot-end components, eliminating the need to set up a motor in the 3D print head other than the extrusion component, making the 3D print head lightweight, small in size, and easy to control.

[0095] In some embodiments, the reset member 162 is connected between the contact member 161 and the housing 15 along a second direction or a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. It should be noted that the perpendicularity mentioned in this embodiment does not necessarily mean absolute perpendicularity. For example, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the angle between the first direction and the second direction is allowed to have a 10% error, and the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be between 81° and 99°. Similarly, the angle between the first direction and the third direction is allowed to have a 10% error, and the angle between the first direction and the third direction can be between 81° and 99°.

[0096] In the embodiments provided in this application, the reset member 162 is connected to the contact member 161 and the housing 15 along a third direction, and the connection position between the reset member 162 and the contact member 161 is located between the two ends of the contact member 161.

[0097] The collision mechanism 16 also includes a connecting shaft 163, which passes through the contact member 161. The connecting shaft 163 is fixedly connected to the housing 15, and the contact member 161 is rotatably connected to the housing 15 through the connecting shaft 163.

[0098] The axial direction of the connecting shaft 163 is parallel to the first direction. The connecting shaft 163 connects the contact member 161 and the outer shell 15, allowing the contact member 161 and the outer shell 15 to rotate relative to each other. At the same time, the connecting shaft 163 can restrict the position of the contact member 161 and the outer shell 15 in the first direction. When the trigger member 1351 in the 3D printing head 13 moves along the first direction and collides with the contact member 161, the contact member 161 and the outer shell 15 will not produce relative displacement, which can ensure that the contact member 161 has relatively strong rigidity in the first direction. When the contact member 161 and the trigger member 1351 collide, the force generated mainly acts on the trigger member 1351 to drive the lifting mechanism 135 to perform lifting and lowering movements, which is beneficial to the state switching of the lifting mechanism 135.

[0099] In the embodiments provided in this application, the touch member 161 includes a rod portion 1611, the extension direction of which is parallel to the second direction, and the rod portion 1611 is used to collide with the trigger member 1351. The extension direction of the rod portion 1611 is parallel to the second direction, which facilitates collision with the trigger member 1351 moving in the first direction.

[0100] The contact element 161 includes a rod 1611, the extension direction of which is parallel to the second direction. The surface of the rod 1611 has a contact area 16111, the position of which is lower than the position of the central axis d of the rod 1611. Since the position of the contact area 16111 is lower than the position of the central axis of the rod 1611, when the trigger element 1351 collides with the rod 1611, the rod 1611 will exert a force with a downward component on the trigger element 1351, ensuring stable contact between the trigger element 1351 and the rod 1611, driving the trigger element 1351 to rotate, thereby switching the first hot end assembly 132 from the second position to the first position.

[0101] The contact element 161 also includes a connecting seat 1612. One end of the connecting seat 1612 is located below the inner surface of the housing 15 and is rotatably connected to the housing 15. The other end of the connecting seat 1612 protrudes from the inner surface of the housing 15 and is connected to the rod 1611. Since the rod 1611 collides with the trigger element 1351, the surface of the rod 1611 has high requirements for strength and smoothness. The connection between the rod 1611 and the housing 15 via the connecting seat 1612 can reduce the machining area of ​​the surface of the rod 1611.

[0102] In the second direction, the end of the rod 1611 furthest from the connecting seat 1612 is closer to the hinge between the connecting seat 1612 and the base 151 than the end of the rod 1611 closest to the connecting seat 1612. The side of the rod 1611 facing the hinge is also the side facing the 3D printing head. The 3D printing head 13 can move above the connecting seat 1612. The size of the connecting seat 1612 does not need to occupy the depth dimension of the 3D printer 1. When the 3D printing head 13 moves in the second direction and collides with the end of the rod 1611 furthest from the connecting seat 1612, the contact member 161 rotates relative to the outer shell 15. The end of the contact member 161 protruding from the upper surface of the base 151 will sink down, without occupying the printing space constructed by the 3D printer 1. The printing space constructed by the 3D printer 1 refers to the space required by the 3D printing head 13 when printing the product.

[0103] In the embodiments provided in this application, in order to reduce the probability of collisions between non-trigger components of the 3D printing head 13 and the rod 1611, the 3D printing head 13 is provided with a clearance groove 136 along the extension direction of the rod 1611. The trigger component 1351 is located within the clearance groove 136 and protrudes beyond other non-trigger components of the 3D printing head 13. During the movement of the 3D printing head 13 towards the location of the collision mechanism 16 in the first direction, the trigger component in the 3D printing head 13 collides with the rod 1611, while other components of the 3D printing head 13, excluding the trigger component, do not collide or contact the rod 1611. In the embodiments provided in this application, the clearance groove 136 can avoid the collision mechanism, thereby reducing the probability of the 3D printing head 13 colliding with the collision mechanism 16 in directions other than the first direction. For example, during the movement of the 3D printing head 13 towards the location of the collision mechanism 16 in the second direction, the 3D printing head 13 can avoid the rod 1611 of the collision mechanism 16 through the avoidance groove 136. The trigger 1351 can be a rod-shaped structure, such as a lever. In this way, the trigger 1351 occupies less space in the avoidance groove 136. If the 3D printing head 13 moves towards the location of the collision mechanism 16 in the second direction, the trigger 1351 is less likely to collide with the rod 1611. In other words, even if the 3D printing head moves towards the location of the collision mechanism 16 in the second direction, the avoidance groove 136 provides fault tolerance space for the 3D printing head and the collision mechanism. For example, if the 3D printing head makes a slight misstep, the avoidance groove can prevent the 3D printing head from colliding with the collision mechanism, thus avoiding damage to both due to the collision.

[0104] In one feasible implementation, as shown in Figure 11, a lifting mechanism 135 is connected to a first hot-end component 132. The first hot-end component 132 and a second hot-end component 133 are spaced apart, with the second hot-end component 133 fixed to a connecting frame 131. The lifting mechanism 135 drives the first hot-end component 132 to move up and down. The first hot-end component 132 moves up and down along the Z-axis. By driving the first hot-end component 132 up and down through the lifting mechanism 135, its height position is changed, thereby changing the relative height position of the first hot-end component 132 and the second hot-end component 133. In another feasible implementation, the lifting mechanism 135 is connected to the first hot end component 132 and also to the second hot end component 133. When the lifting mechanism 135 raises the first hot end component 132, it also raises the second hot end component 133. When the lifting mechanism 135 raises the second hot end component 133, it also raises the first hot end component 132. The first hot end component 132 and the second hot end component 133 can be connected to the two ends of the lifting mechanism 135 respectively.

[0105] Please refer to Figures 12 and 13. In the embodiments provided in this application, the 3D printing head 13 further includes a connecting frame 131a that is detachably connected to the connecting frame 131. The lifting mechanism 135 can be rotatably connected to the connecting frame 131a. The lifting mechanism 135 can change the height position of the first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133 by rotating relative to the connecting frame 131a.

[0106] In the embodiments provided in this application, during the lifting and lowering movement of the first hot-end component 132, the trajectory of the first hot-end component 132 includes a first position and a second position. The first position is lower than the second position. The first position can be the lowest position of the first hot-end component 132 during the lifting and lowering movement. When the first hot-end component 132 is in the first position, it is used to spray molten printing material (first feed line 2). The second position can be the highest position of the first hot-end component 132 during the lifting and lowering movement. When the second hot-end component 133 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 131, the first position is lower than the location of the second hot-end component 133, and the second position is higher than the location of the second hot-end component 133. When the first hot-end component 132 is in the second position, it is used to spray molten printing material (second feed line 3).

[0107] In some embodiments, referring to FIG11, the lifting mechanism 135 includes a gear 1352, and a rack 1321 is fixedly connected to the first hot end assembly 132. The gear 1352 meshes with the rack 1321. The lifting mechanism 135 also includes a first rotating shaft 1353, and a trigger 1351 includes a lever. The first rotating shaft 1353 passes through the gear 1352 and is fixed to the gear 1352. The trigger 1351 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 1353. Specifically, one end of the lever is used to be fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 1353, and the other end of the lever is used to collide with the contact member 161.

[0108] When the lever collides with the collision mechanism 16, the lever is actuated. The lever drives the gear 1352 to rotate via the first rotating shaft 1353. During the rotation, the gear 1352 drives the rack 1321 to rise and fall, thereby driving the first hot end assembly 132 to rise and fall.

[0109] In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 135 includes a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a transmission belt. The drive wheel is connected to a trigger 1351, and the drive wheel and the driven wheel are connected by transmission belt. The trigger 1351 collides with the collision mechanism 16. The trigger 1351 can drive the drive wheel to rotate and drive the transmission belt to move up and down. The transmission belt can be connected to the first hot end assembly 132 and drive the first hot end assembly 132 to move up and down.

[0110] In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 135 may include a cam and a push rod. The cam may be hinged to the push rod. The end of the push rod away from the cam is connected to the first hot end assembly 132. The cam is also connected to a trigger 1351. The trigger 1351 collides with the collision mechanism 16 to drive the cam to rotate. When the cam rotates, the end of the push rod away from the cam can move up and down in a straight line, thereby driving the first hot end assembly 132 to move up and down.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first hot-end component 132 is detachably connected to a first mounting position and a second mounting position of the connecting frame 131. When the first hot-end component 132 is detachably connected to the first mounting position, its position is lower than that of the second hot-end component 133. When the first hot-end component 132 is detachably connected to the second mounting position, its position is higher than that of the second hot-end component 133. When the first hot-end component 132 is detachably connected to the first mounting position, the 3D printing head 13 can use the first hot-end component 132 to spray molten printing material (first feed line 2). When the first hot-end component 132 is not mounted on the connecting frame 131 or is detachably connected to the second mounting position, the 3D printing head 13 can use the second hot-end component 133 to spray molten printing material (second feed line 3).

[0112] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 11, 12, and 13, the lifting mechanism 135 may include a gear 1352, a second rotating shaft 1354, a first connecting rod 1355, a second connecting rod 1356, and a third connecting rod 1357. A rack 1321 is fixed to the first hot-end assembly 132, and the gear 1352 meshes with the rack 1321. The trigger 1351 includes a lever. The first rotating shaft 1353 and the second rotating shaft 1354 are spaced apart. The first end of the first connecting rod 1355 is hinged to the first rotating shaft 1353, the second end of the first connecting rod 1355 is hinged to the first end of the second connecting rod 1356, the second end of the second connecting rod 1356 is hinged to the first end of the third connecting rod 1357, and the second end of the third connecting rod 1357 is hinged to the second rotating shaft 1354. The first rotating shaft 1353 and the second rotating shaft 1354 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame 131a. The first rotating shaft 1353, the second rotating shaft 1354, the first connecting rod 1355, the second connecting rod 1356, and the third connecting rod 1357 can form a five-bar linkage, which can limit the rotation angle of the gear 1352, improve the motion accuracy of the lifting mechanism 135, and make the rotation process of the gear 1352 more stable.

[0113] In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 135 further includes a plug 1358 connected to the second connecting rod 1356; the first hot end assembly 132 includes a first nozzle 1322 and a first heating block 1323, the first heating block 1323 is used to heat the first feed line 2 to a molten state, and the first nozzle 1322 is used to spray the molten first feed line 2; the second hot end assembly 133 includes a second nozzle 1331 and a second heating block 1332, the second heating block 1332 is used to heat the second feed line 3 to a molten state, and the second nozzle 1331 is used to spray the molten second feed line 3; the first nozzle 1322 and the second nozzle 1331 are spaced apart, when the first hot end assembly 132 is in the first position, the plug 1358 blocks the second nozzle 1331, and when the first hot end assembly 132 is in the second position, the plug 1358 blocks the first nozzle 1322. The first hot-end assembly 132 sprays molten first filament 2 onto the processing platform through the first nozzle 1322, and the second hot-end assembly 133 sprays molten second filament 3 onto the processing platform through the second nozzle 1331. During the process of switching the hot-end assembly of the 3D print head 13 to spray printing material, the lifting mechanism 135 moves so that the position of the hot-end assembly that needs to spray printing material is lower than the position of the hot-end assembly in the idle state (when no printing material is needed). For example, in the 3D print head 13, if the first hot-end assembly 132 that needs to spray printing material is switched to the second hot-end assembly 133, the trigger 1351 can collide with the collision mechanism 16, causing the lifting mechanism 135 to lift the first hot-end assembly 132 to the second position. At the same time, the plug 1358, which moves with the second connecting rod 1356, moves to the bottom of the first hot-end assembly 132 and seals the first hot-end assembly 132. If the second hot end assembly 133 that needs to spray printing material is switched to the first hot end assembly 132, the trigger 1351 can collide with the collision mechanism 16, causing the lifting mechanism 135 to drive the first hot end assembly 132 down to the second position. At the same time, the plug 1358 that moves with the second link 1356 moves to the bottom of the second hot end assembly 133 and seals the second hot end assembly 133.

[0114] Specifically, when the trigger 1351 collides with the collision mechanism 16, the trigger 1351 is actuated, which in turn drives the first rotating shaft 1353 to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating shaft 1353 drives the first connecting rod 1355 to swing, which in turn drives the second connecting rod 1356 to swing. The swing of the second connecting rod 1356 drives the nozzle plug 1358 to move. At the same time, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 1353 also drives the gear 1352 to rotate. The gear 1352 meshes with the rack 1321, and the gear 1352 drives the rack 1321 to rise and fall along the Z-axis, thereby causing the entire first hot end assembly 132 to rise and fall. When the first hot end assembly 132 moves to the first position, the nozzle plug 1358 moves with the second connecting rod 1356 to the bottom of the second nozzle 1331 and blocks the second nozzle 1331, preventing the second nozzle 1331 from spraying out the molten second material line 3. When the first hot end assembly 132 moves to the second position, the plug 1358 moves with the second connecting rod 1356 to the bottom of the first nozzle 1322 and blocks the first nozzle 1322 to prevent the first nozzle 1322 from spraying out the first material line 2 in a molten state.

[0115] The upper surface of the plug 1358 is provided with a silicone sheet 1359. When the first hot end assembly 132 is in the first position, the silicone sheet 1359 is in contact with the second nozzle 1331. When the first hot end assembly 132 is in the second position, the silicone sheet 1359 is in contact with the first nozzle 1322.

[0116] For example, the silicone sheet 1359 can form a soft wrap around the nozzle when it is necessary to seal the nozzle. The silicone sheet 1359 can effectively seal the nozzle. For instance, when the first hot end assembly 132 is in the first position, the silicone sheet 1359 contacts the second nozzle 1331, effectively sealing the second nozzle 1331. When the first hot end assembly 132 is in the second position, the silicone sheet 1359 contacts the first nozzle 1322, effectively sealing the first nozzle 1322. In addition, the silicone sheet 1359 can provide soft contact between the plug and the nozzle, avoiding damage to the nozzle due to excessive stiffness.

[0117] In the embodiments provided in this application, please refer to Figure 14. The gear 1352 is provided with a circular magnet 13521. Two sensors 1311 for detecting changes in the magnetic field are provided on the connecting frame 131a, and both sensors 1311 are located on the outer periphery of the circular magnet 13521, with their orientation perpendicular to each other. The two sensors 1311 can be Hall sensors 1311. When the circular magnet 13521 rotates, the two sensors 1311 will generate pulse signals due to the change in the magnetic field. Since the two Hall sensors 1311 are placed at 90°, they can respectively sense the components of the rotating magnetic field in two orthogonal directions, and then obtain the rotation angle of the gear 1352 through mathematical calculation (usually an arctangent function). Exemplarily, the connecting frame 131a includes a circuit board, and the two sensors 1311 can be placed on the circuit board. For example, the rotation angle of gear 1352 can be obtained by two sensors to determine whether the first shaft 1353 and the second shaft 1354 have rotated into place, thereby knowing whether the first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133 are in the right position.

[0118] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 11 and 15, the 3D printing head 13 further includes a first base 137 detachably connected to the first hot-end assembly 132, the first base 137 being slidably connected to the connecting frame 131a; and / or, the 3D printing head 13 further includes a second base 138 detachably connected to the second hot-end assembly 133, the second base 138 being fixedly connected to the connecting frame 131a. The connecting frame 131a is movably connected to the first hot-end assembly 132 via the first base 137, and the connecting frame 131a is detachably connected to the second hot-end assembly 133 via the second base 138.

[0119] Specifically, one of the first base 137 and the connecting frame 131a is provided with a slide rail 1312 and the other is provided with a slide groove 1371, with the slide rail 1312 and the slide groove 1371 slidingly engaged.

[0120] In one feasible implementation, the first base 137 is provided with a slide rail 1312, and the connecting frame 131a is provided with a slide groove 1371, with the slide rail 1312 and the slide groove 1371 slidingly engaged. In another feasible implementation, the first base 137 is provided with a slide groove 1371, and the connecting frame 131a is provided with a slide rail 1312, with the slide rail 1312 and the slide groove 1371 slidingly engaged.

[0121] The connecting bracket 131a is provided with an abutment member 1313, which is disposed above the first base 137, and the first base 137 is in movable contact with the abutment member 1313. The abutment member 1313 is used to limit the extreme position of the first hot end assembly 132, wherein the extreme position of the first hot end assembly 132 can be a second position.

[0122] At least one of the abutment 1313 and the first base 137 is magnetic, and the other may have opposite magnetism or be metallic, so that the abutment 1313 and the first base 137 attract each other. Specifically, when the first hot end assembly 132 is in the second position, the abutment 1313 and the first base 137 are magnetically attracted, which allows the first hot end assembly 132 to remain stable in the second position, or when the first hot end assembly is still a little short of reaching the second position, the abutment 1313 can provide attraction to the first base 137, so that the first base 137 can move into position. In the embodiment provided in this application, during the process of the trigger 1351 colliding with the collision mechanism 16 to move the first hot end assembly 132 from the second position to the first position, the trigger 1351 contacts the contact area 16111 of the rod 1611 in the collision mechanism 16. Since the position of the contact area 16111 is lower than the position of the central axis of the rod 1611. The collision mechanism 16 can apply a downward force to the trigger 1351 to overcome the steady state of the first hot end assembly 132 in the second position and do work, so that the first hot end assembly 132 switches from the second position to the first position.

[0123] The abutment 1313 is magnetic, and the first base 137 is magnetic. The magnetism of the side of the abutment 1313 facing the first base 137 is different from the magnetism of the side of the first base 137 facing the abutment 1313; or, one of the abutment 1313 and the first base 137 is magnetic, and the other is metallic. If one of the abutment 1313 and the first base 137 is metallic, the metal can be iron, iron-containing alloys, nickel, nickel-containing alloys, cobalt, and cobalt-containing alloys, etc.

[0124] Please refer to Figures 16 and 17. The connecting frame 131a is equipped with a first magnet 1314 and a second magnet 1315, and the second connecting rod 1356 is equipped with a third magnet 13561 or metal. When the first hot end assembly 132 is in the first position, the second magnet 1315 and the third magnet 13561 or metal of the second connecting rod 1356 are magnetically attracted, which can keep the first hot end assembly 132 in a stable state in the first position, so that the first hot end assembly 132 can spray a molten material line in a stable state. When the first hot end assembly is in the second position, the first magnet 1314 and the third magnet 13561 or metal of the second connecting rod 1356 are magnetically attracted, which can keep the first hot end assembly 132 in a stable state in the second position. When the second hot end assembly 133 sprays the molten material line 3, it can prevent the first hot end assembly 132 from descending and interfering with the product, thus affecting the product processing progress.

[0125] In some embodiments, the plug 1358 and the third magnet 13561 are located on opposite sides of the second link 1356, and the third magnet 13561 is closer to the connecting frame 131a in the Z-axis direction than the plug 1358.

[0126] In some embodiments, referring to FIG13, a first base 137 connects at least one of a power line 1c and a signal line 1d; the first base 137 is provided with a wire tie 1372 for fixing at least one of the power line 1c and the signal line 1d. The wire tie 1372 can fix the power line 1c and the signal line 1d, preventing them from tangling. When the first hot end assembly 132 moves up and down, the power line 1c and the signal line 1d move up and down with the first base 137, avoiding the first hot end assembly 132 from pulling on the power line 1c or the signal line 1d during the up and down process, thus preventing damage to the power line 1c or the signal line 1d.

[0127] In the embodiments provided in this application, referring to Figures 2 and 18, the 3D printing head 13 also includes an extrusion front shell 139, which is detachably connected to the connecting frame 131.

[0128] Please refer to Figures 19 and 20. The extrusion front shell 139 includes a first part 1391, a second part 1392 and a third part 1393. The first part 1391 and the second part 1392 are spaced apart along the width direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) of the 3D printing head 13. The third part 1393 connects the first part 1391 and the second part 1392. The first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133 are spaced apart. The first part 1391 and the second part 1392 are located on opposite sides between the first hot end assembly 132 and the second hot end assembly 133.

[0129] In the depth direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) of the 3D printing head 13, the first part 1391 and the second part 1392 are located on the same side of the third part 1393. The first part 1391 is provided with a first magnetic suction member 13911 on the side facing away from the third part 1393, and the second part 1392 is provided with a second magnetic suction member 13921 on the side facing away from the third part 1393.

[0130] The connecting frame 131 is provided with a third magnetic element 1316 and a fourth magnetic element 1317. The first magnetic element is attracted to the third magnetic element 1316, and the second magnetic element 13921 is attracted to the fourth magnetic element 1317.

[0131] The extrusion front shell 139 is magnetically attached to the connecting frame 131, allowing it to be easily installed on and removed from the connecting frame 131.

[0132] The extrusion front shell 139 is magnetically attached to the connecting frame 131. The intensity of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic element and the second magnetic attachment element 13921 in the extrusion front shell 139 is detected by Hall effect, which can determine whether the extrusion front shell 139 is installed in place (installed to the connecting frame 131).

[0133] The first part 1391 is provided with a first air duct 13912 that runs through the first part 1391 along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the 3D printing head 13 and has a first air outlet 139122. The second part 1392 is provided with a second air duct 13922 that runs through the second part 1392 along the height direction of the 3D printing head 13 and has a second air outlet 139222.

[0134] The orientation of the first air outlet 139122 forms a first angle 139121 with the width direction of the 3D printing head 13, and the orientation of the second air outlet 139222 forms a second angle 139221 with the opposite direction of the width direction of the 3D printing head 13. The first angle 139121 and the second angle 139221 are different in size.

[0135] In the embodiments provided in this application, the height position of the first hot-end component 132 when spraying the first material line 2 is different from the height position of the second hot-end component 133 when spraying the second material line 3. Specifically, the height position of the first hot-end component 132 when spraying the molten first material line 2 is a first position, which is lower than the position of the second hot-end component 133. The position of the first hot-end component 132 when the second hot-end component 133 sprays the molten second material line 3 is a second position, which is the highest position that the first hot-end component 132 can rise to under the action of the lifting mechanism 135. The second position is higher than the position of the second hot-end component 133.

[0136] The airflow through the first air duct 13912 can cool the material jet from the first hot end component 132, and the airflow through the second air duct 13922 can cool the material jet from the second hot end component 133, which is conducive to the rapid cooling, solidification and molding of the three-dimensional product.

[0137] In the width direction of the 3D printing head 13, the width direction can be parallel to the X-axis direction. A first hot-end assembly 132 is located between a first part 1391 and a second part 1392, and a second hot-end assembly 133 is located between the first part 1391 and the second part 1392. A first air outlet 139122 faces the first hot-end assembly 132, and a second air outlet 139222 faces the second hot-end assembly 133. The airflow from the first air outlet 139122 is used to accelerate the cooling of the product formed by the printing material ejected from the first hot-end assembly 132, and the airflow from the second air outlet 139222 is used to accelerate the cooling of the product formed by the printing material ejected from the second hot-end assembly 133, thus accelerating product solidification. Specifically, the second air outlet 139222 faces the second nozzle 1331, and when the first hot-end assembly 132 is in the first position, the first air outlet 139122 faces the first nozzle 1322.

[0138] The third part 1393 is provided with a third air duct 13931 that runs through the third part 1393 along the height direction of the 3D printing head 13. The height direction of the 3D printing head 13 is parallel to the Z-axis direction. The third air duct 13931 can also cool the molten printing material ejected from the first nozzle 1322 through the third air duct 13931. The third air duct 13931 can also cool the molten printing material ejected from the second nozzle 1331 through the third air duct 13931. It should be noted that there can be multiple third air ducts 13931, each of which has a third air outlet 139311. Multiple third air ducts 13931 can be arranged along the width direction of the 3D printing head 13.

[0139] Projected along the depth direction of the 3D printing head 13, the depth direction of the 3D printing head 13 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The third air outlet 139311 is located between the first air outlet 139122 and the second air outlet 139222. The first air outlet 139122, the second air outlet 139222, and the third air outlet 139311 partially surround the first nozzle 1322, which can improve the cooling effect of the first nozzle 1322. The first air outlet 139122, the second air outlet 139222, and the third air outlet 139311 partially surround the second nozzle 1331, which can improve the cooling effect of the second nozzle 1331.

[0140] The extrusion front housing 139 is equipped with a first fan 1394, which is used to input airflow to the first air duct 13912, the second air duct 13922 and the third air duct 13931. The first air duct 13912, the second air duct 13922 and the third air duct 13931 can share one first fan 1394.

[0141] The airflow generated by the first fan 1394 can pass through the first air duct 13912, cooling the molten printing material ejected from the first nozzle 1322. The airflow from the first fan 1394 can also pass through the first air duct 13912, cooling the molten printing material ejected from the second nozzle 1331. The airflow from the first fan 1394 can also pass through the second air duct 13922, cooling the molten printing material ejected from the first nozzle 1322. The airflow from the first fan 1394 can also pass through the third air duct 13931, cooling the molten printing material ejected from the first nozzle 1322. The airflow from the first fan 1394 can also pass through the third air duct 13931, cooling the molten printing material ejected from the second nozzle 1331.

[0142] Specifically, the first fan 1394 is located on the side of the first air duct 13912 away from the first air outlet 139122, the first fan 1394 is located on the side of the second air duct 13922 away from the second air outlet 139222, the third air duct 13931 has a third air outlet 139311, and the first fan 1394 is located on the side of the third air duct 13931 away from the third air outlet 139311.

[0143] In the 3D printing head 13 provided in this application, as shown in Figure 21, the first hot end assembly 132 further includes a first feed channel 1324 and a first heat sink 1325 disposed below or around the first feed channel 1324. A first heating block 1323 is connected between the first feed channel 1324 and the first nozzle 1322. The 3D printing head 13 also includes a second fan 13a, which blows air toward the first heat sink 1325. The first feed channel 1324 is used for the first feed filament 2 to pass through and extend into the location of the first heating block 1323. The first heating block 1323 heats the first feed filament 2 to a molten state, and the first nozzle 1322 sprays the molten first feed filament 2 onto the processing platform. While heating the first feed line 2, the first heating block 1323 also transfers heat to the first feed channel 1324. To prevent the first feed line 2 from softening due to excessive temperature in the first feed channel 1324, the second fan 13a blows air onto the first heat sink 1325, allowing it to quickly dissipate heat and rapidly reduce the temperature of the first feed channel 1324. If the temperature of the first feed channel 1324 becomes too high and prematurely softens the first feed line 2, it will hinder the feeding of the first feed line 2 and easily clog the first feed channel 1324.

[0144] The second hot end assembly 133 also includes a second feed channel 1333 and a second heat sink 1334 disposed below or around the second feed channel 1333. A second heating block 1332 is connected between the second feed channel 1333 and the second nozzle 1331. The 3D printing head 13 also includes a third fan 13b, which blows air toward the second heat sink 1334. The second feed channel 1333 is used for the second feed filament 3 to pass through and extend into the location of the second heating block 1332. The second heating block 1332 heats the second feed filament 3 to a molten state, and the second nozzle 1331 sprays the molten second feed filament 3 onto the processing platform. While heating the second feed line 3, the second heating block 1332 also transfers heat to the second feed channel 1333. To prevent the second feed line 3 from softening prematurely due to excessive temperature in the second feed channel 1333, the second fan 13a blows air onto the second heat sink 1334, allowing it to quickly dissipate heat and rapidly reduce the temperature of the second feed channel 1333. If the temperature of the second feed channel 1333 becomes too high and the second feed line 3 softens prematurely, it will hinder the conveying of the second feed line 3 and easily clog the first feed channel 1324.

[0145] In the embodiments provided in this application, the outer shell 15 forms a build space. Specifically, the outer shell 15 may further include a frame 152, which is connected to the base 151. The 3D printing head 13 and the guide 14 are disposed within the build space. The guide 14 is connected to the outer shell 15, and the first extrusion assembly 11 is detachably disposed on the outer shell 15. The guide 14 is specifically connected to the frame 152.

[0146] The 3D printer 1 can be a corexy structure, with the guide 14 supported by a frame 152 on the 3D printer 1. The 3D print head 13 can move along the guide 14 in the XY plane under the drive of a belt. The processing platform is connected to a Z-axis lead screw to achieve movement in the Z-axis direction. For example, the guide 14 can be at least one of a Y-axis linear guide, a carbon rod, and an X-axis optical axis. Optionally, the 3D printer 1 can also be a cantilever structure, with the guide 14 supported by a Z-axis column. The guide 14 moves up and down along the Z-axis, the 3D print head 13 can move along the guide 14 in the Y-axis direction, and the processing platform moves in the X-axis direction.

[0147] Specifically, as shown in Figure 22, the first extrusion assembly 11 is detachably disposed on the side of the housing 15 away from the 3D printing head 13. The first extrusion assembly 11 does not occupy the build space formed around the housing 15, which can reduce the overall size of the 3D printer 1. The detachable first extrusion assembly 11 is beneficial for the assembly and maintenance of the 3D printer.

[0148] In the embodiments provided in this application, please refer to Figures 23 and 24. The first extrusion assembly 11 further includes a housing 114 and a mounting base 115. The housing 114 is detachably connected to the outer shell 15, and the mounting base 115 is detachably connected to the outer shell 15. The extrusion wheel 112 and the extrusion wheel 113 are disposed on the mounting base 115. The housing 114 houses the mounting base 115, and the housing 114 and the mounting base 115 are detachably connected. The housing 114 forms a receiving space 1142 with an opening 1141. The first motor 111, the extrusion wheel 112, the extrusion wheel 113, and the mounting base 115 are all housed in the receiving space 1142.

[0149] The housing 114 forms a receiving space 1142 with an opening 1141. The receiving space 1142 houses the first motor 111, the extrusion wheel 112, the extrusion wheel 113, and the mounting base 115. The opening 1141 facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the first extrusion assembly 11 and also allows for heat dissipation from the first motor 111. The housing 114 protects the first motor 111, the extrusion wheel 112, and the extrusion wheel 113, preventing dust from entering the receiving space 1142.

[0150] Mounting base 115 is connected to housing 114, extrusion wheel 112 and extrusion wheel 113. Mounting base 115 is also connected to housing 15. Mounting base 115 can serve as a load-bearing unit.

[0151] Please refer to Figure 25. The housing 114 and the mounting base 115 are fastened together. One of the inner wall surfaces of the housing 114 and the mounting base 115 is provided with a first protrusion 1143, and the other is provided with a first groove 1151. The first protrusion 1143 extends into the first groove 1151. When the housing 114 and the mounting base 115 are fastened together, the housing 114 has a certain deformation capacity due to the presence of the opening 1141, which facilitates the fastening and engagement of the housing 114 and the mounting base 115.

[0152] In the embodiments provided in this application, the housing 114 is provided with a first notch 1144 and a second notch 1145 on opposite sides along the conveying direction of the first material line 2. The first notch 1144 is connected to the receiving space 1142, and the second notch 1145 is connected to the receiving space 1142. The arrangement of the first notch 1144 and the second notch 1145 is beneficial to improving the deformation capability of the housing 114.

[0153] During the process of conveying the first feed line 2 to the first hot end assembly 132, the first feed line 2 is released by the feeding device, passes through the first extrusion assembly 11, and extends to the first hot end assembly 132. Specifically, the first feed line 2 extends into the housing 114 through the first notch 1144, passes through the gap between the outer circumferential surfaces of the extrusion rollers 112 and 113, and extends out of the first extrusion assembly 11 through the second notch 1145. It should be noted that the first notch 1144, the second notch 1145, and the opening 1141 are located on different sides of the housing 114.

[0154] In the embodiments provided in this application, referring to Figures 1 and 25, the 3D printer 1 further includes a first feed tube connector 17, through which a first notch 1144 and / or a second notch 1145 pass. The first feed tube connector 17 is used to connect to a first feed tube 1a so that a first feed filament 2 can pass through the first feed tube 1a. The first feed tube connector 17 can be connected to a mounting base 115. There can be two first feed tube connectors 17. One of the two first feed tube connectors 17 passes through the first notch 1144 and is connected to the mounting base 115, and the other of the two first feed tube connectors 17 passes through the second notch 1145 and is connected to the mounting base 115. The first feed tube connector 17 allows the first feed filament 2 to pass through, and the other of the two first feed tube connectors 17 can also extend into the housing 15 through the housing 15.

[0155] In the embodiments provided in this application, a first material pipe 1a is connected between the feeding device and the first extrusion assembly 11. One end of the first material pipe 1a can be connected to the first material pipe connector 17 passing through the first notch 1144, and the other end of the first material pipe 1a can be connected to the material pipe connector on the feeding device. Another first material pipe 1a can be provided between the first extrusion assembly 11 and the first hot end assembly 132. One end of the other first material pipe 1a can be connected to the first material pipe connector 17 passing through the second notch 1145, and the other end of the other first material pipe 1a can be connected to the feed port of the first hot end assembly 132.

[0156] In the embodiments provided in this application, a heat sink 1111 is provided on the surface of the first motor 111. The first motor 111 contacts the outer wall of the housing 15 through the heat sink 1111. The heat sink 1111 has good thermal conductivity, and the housing 15 is a metal housing 15. The heat sink 1111 can directly contact the metal housing 15 through the opening 1141. Direct contact between the heat sink 1111 and the metal housing 15 is beneficial for the heat dissipation of the first motor 111 and extends the service life of the first motor 111.

[0157] In the embodiments provided in this application, please refer to FIG26. The surface of the mounting base 115 facing the opening 1141 is provided with a snap-fit ​​portion 1152, and the outer wall of the housing 15 is provided with a snap-fit ​​mating portion 153. The snap-fit ​​portion 1152 and the snap-fit ​​mating portion 153 are fastened together. The mounting base 115 can be easily installed on or removed from the housing 15. At least a portion of the snap-fit ​​portion 1152 can be located near the edge of the housing 114 on the mounting base 115, and at least a portion of the snap-fit ​​mating portion 153 can be located near the edge of the housing 15. When the first extrusion assembly 11 is installed on the housing 15, the snap-fit ​​mating portion 153 near the edge of the housing 15 and the snap-fit ​​portion 1152 near the housing 114 in the mounting base 115 engage, which can reduce the gap between the edge of the housing 15 and the edge of the housing 114, improve the aesthetics of the fit between the first extrusion assembly 11 and the housing 15, and ensure the fit between the motor and the housing, thus helping the motor to dissipate heat.

[0158] It should be noted that the first extrusion component 11 is installed on the outer wall surface of the housing 15. The outer wall surface of the housing 15 has a large area and is often not very flat. If the mounting base 115 is not provided with a snap-fit ​​part 1152 near the edge of the housing 114, and / or the edge of the housing 15 is not provided with a snap-fit ​​mating part 153, when the mounting base 115 is snapped into the housing 15, a large gap may easily appear between the edge of the mounting base 115 near the edge of the housing 114 and the edge of the housing 15, which will affect the aesthetics of the fit between the mounting base 115 and the housing 15.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 26, the 3D printer 1 further includes a second feed tube connector 18, which is detachably disposed in the housing 15. One end of the second feed tube connector 18 is located inside the housing 15, and the other end of the second feed tube connector 18 extends outside the housing 15. A second feed tube 1b is connected between the second feed tube connector 18 and the second extrusion assembly 134, and the second feed tube 1b is used for the second feed line 3 to pass through.

[0160] One end of the second feed pipe connector 18 extending outside the outer casing 15 is also connected to the feeding device via a section of the second feed pipe 1b. The first feed pipe connector 17 allows the second feed line 3 to pass through. Specifically, the feeding device releases the second feed line 3, which passes through the second feed pipe connector 18 and extends to the second extrusion assembly 134. The second extrusion assembly 134 can drive the second feed line 3 to move linearly, conveying the second feed line 3 to the second hot end assembly 133.

[0161] The axial direction of the second feed pipe connector 18 can be parallel to the axial direction of the first feed pipe connector 17, allowing the insertion angle of the first feed line 2 from outside the housing 15 into the housing 15 to be the same as the insertion angle of the second feed line 3 from the first extrusion assembly 11 into the housing 15. The insertion angle of the first feed line 2 from outside the housing 15 into the housing 15 refers to the angle formed between the first feed line 2 and the outer wall surface of the housing 15 when the first feed line 2 passes through the housing 15, and the insertion angle of the second feed line 3 from the first extrusion assembly 11 into the housing 15 refers to the angle formed between the second feed line 3 and the outer wall surface of the housing 15 when the second feed line 3 passes through the housing 15. The resistance encountered by the feeding device when releasing the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 is approximately the same, which facilitates the feeding device in controlling the force of releasing the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3. To reduce the friction between the first feed tube 1a and the first feed line 2 inside the housing 15, the first feed tube 1a inside the housing 15 should not be bent too much. Similarly, to reduce the friction between the second feed tube 1b and the second feed line 3 inside the housing 15, the second feed tube 1b inside the housing 15 should not be bent too much. Generally, the first feed tube 1a and the second feed tube 1b are connected to the first hot end assembly 132 and the second extrusion assembly 134 respectively, following the extension direction of the cable chain 1e. The axial direction of the second feed tube connector 18 can be parallel to the axial direction of the first feed tube connector 17, making the first feed tube 1a and the second feed tube 1b inside the housing 15 tend to be parallel. The first feed tube 1a and the second feed tube 1b inside the housing 15 can share the cable chain 1e. The cable chain 1e can protect the first material tube 1a, the second material tube 1b, the power line 1c, the signal line 1d, etc. The cable chain 1e can limit the first material tube 1a, the second material tube 1b, the power line 1c, and the signal line 1d. During the movement of the 3D printing head 13, the cable chain 1e can prevent the first material tube 1a, the second material tube 1b, the power line 1c, and the signal line 1d from being overstretched. The cable chain 1e can also arrange the first material tube 1a, the second material tube 1b, the power line 1c, and the signal line 1d in an orderly manner to avoid the risk of entanglement.

[0162] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 27, 28, and 29. The angle between the first material tube connector 17 and / or the second material tube connector 18 and the outer wall surface of the housing 15 is within the range of 25°-40°. The 3D printing head 13 needs to move along a first direction or a second direction within the housing 15. Sufficient length needs to be reserved for the first material tube 1a and / or the second material tube 1b within the housing 15 to prevent the first material tube 1a and / or the second material tube 1b from being straightened during the movement of the 3D printing head 13. By making the angle between the first feed tube connector 17 and / or the second feed tube connector 18 and the outer wall surface of the housing 15 within the range of 25°-40°, the curvature of the first feed tube 1a connected between the first feed tube connector 17 and the first hot end assembly 132 inside the housing 15 can be reduced, and the curvature of the second feed tube 1b connected between the second feed tube connector 18 and the second extrusion assembly 134 inside the housing 15 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the friction between the first feed line 2 and the first feed tube 1a, and also reducing the friction between the second feed line 3 and the second feed tube 1b.

[0163] Please refer to Figures 30 and 31. The second material pipe connector 18 includes a main body 181 and a connecting part 182. The connecting part 182 surrounds the main body 181 and is connected to the main body 181. The main body 181 is used for the second material line 3 to pass through. The outer shell 15 is also provided with a through hole 154 for the connecting part 182 to extend into. The inner wall of the outer shell 15 where the through hole 154 is located is provided with a limiting part 155. The part of the connecting part 182 that extends into the outer shell 15 through the through hole 154 is provided with a limiting mating part 1821 that cooperates with the limiting part 155.

[0164] The limiting part 155 and the limiting mating part 1821 cooperate to limit the second material tube connector 18, so that the second material tube connector 18 and the outer shell 15 have a relatively stable connection. However, when the user actively pulls the second material tube connector 18, the second material tube connector 18 can be pulled out of the through hole 154 very easily, so that the second material tube connector 18 can be quickly removed from the outer shell 15.

[0165] The 3D printer 1's functional components 19 are fixedly provided on the side of the housing 15 where the through hole 154 is located, facing the construction space. The functional components 19 include at least one of a synchronous belt motor, a filter fan, a heating fan, and a cooling fan.

[0166] To make the structure of the 3D printer 1 more compact and to make better use of the space surrounding the outer shell 15, the distance between the functional component 19 fixed to the outer shell 15 and the through hole 154 is relatively short. If the second material tube connector 18 is also fixedly connected to the outer shell 15, it will be inconvenient for the installation and maintenance of the second material tube connector 18. In the embodiment provided in this application, the second material tube connector 18 is detachably connected to the outer shell 15, and the second material tube connector 18 can be quickly removed from the outer shell 15, which is beneficial for the installation or maintenance of the second material tube connector 18.

[0167] The limiting part 155 includes a second protrusion 1551, which is located on one side of the through hole 154. The limiting mating part 1821 includes a hook 18211, which contacts the side of the second protrusion 1551 away from the through hole 154.

[0168] In the embodiments provided in this application, the connecting portion 182 extends into the housing 15 from the through hole 154. The hook portion 18211 in the connecting portion 182 can hook the second protrusion 1551, allowing the second feed tube connector 18 to maintain a stable connection with the housing 15. The vertical distance between the surface of the second protrusion 1551 away from the housing 15 and the surface of the hook portion 18211 near the housing 15 is 0.49mm-0.61mm. When the second feed tube connector 18 is subjected to external force (e.g., a user pulls the second feed tube connector 18), the second feed tube connector 18 can be easily pulled out of the through hole 154.

[0169] The limiting part 155 includes a third protrusion 1552, which is located on one side of the through hole 154. The arrangement direction of the through hole 154 and the second protrusion 1551 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the through hole 154 and the third protrusion 1552. The limiting mating part 1821 includes a second groove 18212, and the third protrusion 1552 extends into the second groove 18212. The third protrusion 1552 extending into the second groove 18212 allows for a tactile feedback after the second material pipe connector 18 is inserted into the through hole 154 and installed in place, which helps the user to know whether the second material pipe connector 18 is installed in place.

[0170] In the embodiments provided in this application, please refer to FIG32. The through hole 154 includes a first segment 1541, a second segment 1542 and a third segment 1543 arranged in sequence. The second segment 1542 is located between the first segment 1541 and the third segment 1543. The second protrusion 1551 is located on the side of the third segment 1543 away from the second end.

[0171] In the arrangement direction of the through hole 154 and the third protrusion 1552, the size of the first segment 1541 is larger than the size of the second segment 1542, and the size of the third segment 1543 is larger than the size of the second segment 1542. The third protrusion 1552 is located on one side of the second segment 1542. The second tube connector 18 can extend into the housing 15 from the third segment 1543. In the arrangement direction of the through hole 154 and the third protrusion 1552, the size of the second segment 1542 is smaller than the size of the third segment 1543, and the third protrusion 1552 is located on one side of the second segment 1542. The third protrusion 1552 cooperates with the second groove 18212 of the connecting part 182, which can limit the connector.

[0172] The outer wall of the outer casing 15 where the through hole 154 is located is provided with a limiting groove 156. The limiting groove 156 surrounds the through hole 154. The second material pipe connector 18 also includes a blocking part 183. The blocking part 183 surrounds the main body part 181 and is connected to the main body part 181. The blocking part 183 contacts the bottom surface of the limiting groove 156.

[0173] The bottom wall of the limiting groove 156 and the blocking part 183 cooperate to limit the second material pipe connector 18 in the direction in which the second material pipe connector 18 extends into the outer shell 15. The limiting groove 156 can prevent the blocking part 183 from extending into the through hole 154.

[0174] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0175] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0176] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0177] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0178] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A 3D printer, characterized by, It includes a first extrusion assembly, a drive component, a guide component, and a 3D printing head, wherein the first extrusion assembly and the 3D printing head are separately disposed; the 3D printing head is slidably connected to the guide component, and the drive component is drively connected to the 3D printing head; The 3D printing head includes a connecting frame, a first hot end assembly, a second hot end assembly, and a second extrusion assembly, wherein the first hot end assembly, the second hot end assembly, and the second extrusion assembly are connected to the connecting frame; the first extrusion assembly is used to drive a first feed line to deliver the first feed line to the first hot end assembly. The first extrusion assembly includes a first motor and two extrusion rollers. The first motor is drivenly connected to at least one of the two extrusion rollers. The gap between the two extrusion rollers in the first extrusion assembly is used for the passage of a first feed line, and the two extrusion rollers in the first extrusion assembly are used to jointly clamp the first feed line and transfer it to the first hot end assembly. The second extrusion assembly is used to drive the second feed line to deliver the second feed line to the second hot end assembly.

2. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein, The first hot end assembly is movably connected to the connecting frame, and the second hot end assembly is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

3. The 3D printer of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first feed line is for hard materials, and the second feed line is for soft materials.

4. The 3D printer of claim 1 or 2, wherein, It also includes a first material pipe and a second material pipe, wherein the diameter of the first material pipe is smaller than the diameter of the second material pipe; The first feed tube is used to connect to the first hot end assembly, and the second feed tube is used to connect to the second hot end assembly; The first feed line passes through the first feed pipe and is transported to the first hot end assembly, and the second feed line passes through the second feed pipe and is transported to the second hot end assembly.

5. The 3D printer of claim 4, wherein, The second feed tube is used to allow soft material to pass through, and the inner wall of the second feed tube is provided with axial patterns.

6. The 3D printer of claim 2, wherein, The 3D printer further includes a collision mechanism, and the 3D printing head further includes a lifting mechanism connected to the connecting frame. The lifting mechanism is connected to the first hot end component, and the lifting mechanism includes a trigger element for colliding with the collision mechanism to drive the first hot end component to perform lifting and lowering movements.

7. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a housing and a frame, the housing forming a build space around the frame, the 3D printing head and the guide being disposed within the build space, the guide being kinetically connected to the frame, and the first extrusion assembly being detachably disposed on the housing.

8. The 3D printer of claim 7, wherein, The first extrusion assembly is detachably disposed on the side of the housing opposite to the 3D printing head.

9. The 3D printer of claim 8, wherein, The first extrusion assembly further includes a housing and a mounting base, the two extrusion wheels are disposed on the mounting base, and the housing is detachably connected to the mounting base; the housing forms an open receiving space, in which the first motor, the two extrusion wheels and the mounting base are all received.

10. The 3D printer of claim 9, wherein, The housing is fastened to the mounting base. One of the inner wall surface of the housing and the mounting base is provided with a first protrusion, and the other is provided with a first groove. The first protrusion extends into the first groove.

11. The 3D printer of claim 9, wherein, The housing is provided with a first notch and a second notch on opposite sides along the material conveying direction. The first notch is connected to the receiving space, and the second notch is connected to the receiving space.

12. The 3D printer of claim 11, wherein, It also includes a first feed tube connector, the first notch and / or the second notch through which the first feed tube connector passes, the first feed tube connector being used to connect to the first feed tube so that the first feed line passes through the first feed tube.

13. The 3D printer of claim 7 or 9, wherein, The surface of the first motor is provided with a heat sink, and the first motor contacts the outer wall of the housing through the heat sink. The housing is a metal housing.

14. The 3D printer of claim 9, wherein, The mounting base has a snap-fit ​​part on the surface facing the opening, and the outer wall of the housing has a snap-fit ​​mating part, and the snap-fit ​​part is fastened to the snap-fit ​​mating part.

15. The 3D printer of claim 7, wherein, It also includes a second feed tube connector, which is detachably installed in the housing. One end of the second feed tube connector is located inside the housing, and the other end of the second feed tube connector extends out of the housing. A second feed tube is connected between the second feed tube connector and the second extrusion assembly, and the second feed tube is used for the passage of the second feed line.

16. The 3D printer of claim 15, wherein, The second feed pipe connector is located in the middle area of ​​the housing.

17. The 3D printer of claim 12, wherein, It also includes a second feed tube connector, which is detachably installed in the housing. One end of the second feed tube connector is located inside the housing, and the other end of the second feed tube connector extends out of the housing. A second feed tube is connected between the second feed tube connector and the second extrusion assembly. The second feed tube allows the second feed line to pass through. The axial direction of the second feed tube connector is parallel to the axial direction of the first feed tube connector.

18. The 3D printer of claim 17, wherein, The angle between the first feed pipe joint and / or the second feed pipe joint and the outer wall of the housing is in the range of 25°-40°.

19. The 3D printer of any one of claims 15-18, wherein, The second feed tube connector includes a main body and a connecting part, the connecting part surrounding and connecting to the main body, and the main body being used for the second feed line to pass through; The outer casing is also provided with a through hole for the connecting part to extend into. The inner wall of the outer casing where the through hole is located is provided with a limiting part. The part of the connecting part that extends into the outer casing through the through hole is provided with a limiting mating part that cooperates with the limiting part.

20. The 3D printer of claim 19, wherein, The 3D printer's functional components are fixedly installed on the side of the outer casing facing the construction space where the through hole is located. The functional components include at least one of a synchronous belt motor, a filter fan, a heating fan, a cooling fan, and an electronic compartment.

21. The 3D printer of claim 19, wherein, The limiting part includes a second protrusion located on one side of the through hole in a first direction, and the limiting mating part includes a hook that contacts the side of the second protrusion away from the through hole.

22. The 3D printer of claim 21, wherein, The limiting part includes a third protrusion located on one side of the through hole in a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. The limiting mating part includes a second groove, and the third protrusion extends into the second groove.

23. The 3D printer of claim 21, wherein, The vertical distance between the surface of the second protrusion away from the outer shell and the surface of the hook close to the outer shell is 0.49mm-0.61mm.

24. The 3D printer of claim 22, wherein, The through hole includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment in the first direction, with the second segment located between the first segment and the third segment. In the second direction, the size of the first segment is larger than the size of the second segment, and the size of the third segment is larger than the size of the second segment.

25. The 3D printer of claim 24, wherein, The third protrusion is located on one side of the second segment in the second direction.

26. The 3D printer of claim 19, wherein, The outer wall where the through hole is located in the shell is provided with a limiting groove, the limiting groove surrounds the through hole, the second material pipe joint further comprises a resisting part, the resisting part surrounds the main body part and is connected with the main body part, and the resisting part is in contact with the groove bottom surface of the limiting groove.

27. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein, The second extrusion assembly comprises a second motor and two extrusion wheels, the second motor is used to drive at least one of the two extrusion wheels, a gap between the two extrusion wheels in the second extrusion assembly is used for the second material line to pass through, and the two extrusion wheels in the second extrusion assembly are used to jointly clamp the second material line to convey to the second hot end assembly.

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