Antenna structure and mobile terminal

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an antenna structure and a mobile terminal. The antenna structure comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive structure, wherein one of the two radiators comprises a feed point. Both ends of each of the two radiators are open ends, and both the radiators extend in a first direction. The two radiators are spaced apart in a second direction, with the maximum spacing between the two radiators being less than or equal to 0.2 times the length of the first radiator and / or the second radiator, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. In addition, in the second direction, the conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the conductive structure is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator. By using the design scheme of the mobile terminal provided in the present application, two closely arranged parallel radiators are electrically connected via a conductive structure member, such that the difference in radiation efficiency of different resonances generated by an antenna structure can be reduced, thereby facilitating the expansion of the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure and improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

Description

Antenna structure and mobile terminal

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202510092972.6, filed on January 20, 2025, and entitled "Antenna structure and mobile terminal", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and a mobile terminal. BACKGROUND

[0004] For antennas with different current modes or the same current mode when working alone, when used in combination, they can form antennas in multiple combination forms to meet the communication requirements in multiple scenarios. However, due to the strong coupling between the antennas used in combination, the radiation efficiency curve will have a concave point, thereby affecting the system efficiency bandwidth of the antennas in the combination form, under the influence of the strong coupling in actual application. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an antenna structure and a mobile terminal, which are used to improve the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure of the mobile terminal, thereby improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna structure, which comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and a conductive structure, the first radiator or the second radiator comprising a feed point, wherein both ends of the first radiator are open ends, both ends of the second radiator are open ends, and the first radiator and the second radiator both extend along a first direction. Along a second direction, the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at intervals, and the maximum interval H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator and the total length L1 of the first radiator satisfy: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1, and / or the maximum interval H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator and the total length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. In addition, along the second direction, the conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the conductive structure is electrically connected with the first radiator and the second radiator. By using the design scheme of the antenna structure provided by the present application, the two radiators arranged in close proximity and in parallel are electrically connected through the conductive structure, which can reduce the difference in radiation efficiency of different resonances generated by the antenna structure including the two radiators, thereby facilitating the expansion of the system efficiency bandwidth, so as to improve the communication performance of the antenna structure.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the conductive structure includes a first conductive structure, the first conductive structure includes a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the first connecting end is connected with the first radiator, the second connecting end is connected with the second radiator, and the first connecting end and the second connecting end are located on the same side of the line connecting the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator. In addition, along the first direction, the distance d1 from the first connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3 × L1, and the distance d2 from the second connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies 0 < d2 ≤ 0.3 × L1. In this way, the first conductive structure can be arranged in a region with relatively large current, so as to reduce the influence on the electrical length of the radiator, thereby solving the efficiency dip problem without changing the working frequency band.

[0008] In addition, the conductive structure can further include a second conductive structure, the second conductive structure and the first conductive structure are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are located on both sides of the center of the first radiator and on both sides of the center of the second radiator. In this way, the symmetry of the antenna structure can be improved, thereby improving the symmetry of the system efficiency of the antenna structure, which helps to avoid the efficiency dip and improve the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0009] In the present application, the second conductive structure includes a third connecting end and a fourth connecting end, the third connecting end is connected with the first radiator, and the fourth connecting end is connected with the second radiator. Along the first direction, the difference a1 between the distance from the third connecting end to the center of the first radiator and the distance from the first connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies 0 ≤ a1 ≤ 0.05 × L1, and the difference a2 between the distance from the fourth connecting end to the center of the second radiator and the distance from the second connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies 0 ≤ a2 ≤ 0.05 × L2. In this way, the setting symmetry of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure can be further improved, thereby expanding the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, the second conductive structure further includes a tuning circuit and a control switch, the tuning circuit is coupled between the third connecting end and the fourth connecting end, and the control switch is used to switch different branches of the tuning circuit, wherein the different branches of the tuning circuit have different equivalent capacitances or equivalent inductances. In this way, by connecting the different branches of the tuning circuit between the third connecting end and the fourth connecting end, the frequency of the antenna structure including the first radiator and the second radiator can be reconfigured, so as to adjust the frequency band coverage of the antenna structure, thereby making the application scenarios more extensive.

[0011] In one possible implementation of this application, along the first direction, the width w of the conductive structure and the total length L1 of the first radiator satisfy the condition: 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L1, and the width w of the conductive structure and the total length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the condition: 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L2. This allows for a smaller width of the conductive structure, thereby avoiding affecting the electrical length of the radiator. This solves the efficiency dip problem without changing the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, thus improving the system efficiency bandwidth expansion.

[0012] In one possible implementation of this application, the first radiator includes a feed point, and along a first direction, the distance c1 from the feed point to one end of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ c1 ≤ 0.25 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator. This allows the feed point to be used to feed the first and second radiators to generate resonance that meets communication requirements.

[0013] In one possible implementation of this application, the first radiator may further include a first grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b1 from the first grounding point to the center of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator. Additionally, the second radiator includes a second grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b2 from the second grounding point to the center of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. In this implementation, the corresponding structural modes of the first and second radiators have common mode points for linear antennas. Therefore, the design method provided in this application can also solve the system efficiency dip problem of the antenna structure under this mode, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides an antenna structure, which includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a first conductive structure, and a second conductive structure. The first or second radiator includes a feed point, wherein both ends of the first radiator are grounded, and both ends of the second radiator are grounded. The first and second radiators extend along a first direction. Along a second direction, the first and second radiators are spaced apart, and the maximum distance H1 between the first and second radiators satisfies the condition 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator, and / or the maximum distance H1 between the first and second radiators satisfies the condition 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Along the second direction, the first conductive structure is located between the first and second radiators, and the second conductive structure is located between the first and second radiators. Furthermore, along the first direction, the first and second conductive structures are spaced apart, and the first conductive structure is electrically connected to both the first and second radiators, and the second conductive structure is also electrically connected to both the first and second radiators. By adopting the antenna structure design provided in this application, two closely spaced and parallel radiators are electrically connected through conductive structural components, which can reduce the difference in radiation efficiency of different resonances generated by the antenna structure, thereby facilitating the expansion of system efficiency bandwidth and improving the communication performance of the antenna structure.

[0015] In one possible implementation of this application, the first conductive structure includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, the first connection terminal being connected to a first radiator and the second connection terminal being connected to a second radiator. The second conductive structure includes a third connection terminal and a fourth connection terminal, the third connection terminal being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection terminal being connected to the second radiator. Along a first direction, the first radiator includes a first ground terminal and a second ground terminal, and the second radiator includes a third ground terminal and a fourth ground terminal. The distance h from the first connection terminal to the first ground terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h2 from the second connection terminal to the third ground terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h2 ≤ 0.3 × L2; the distance h3 from the third connection terminal to the second ground terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h3 ≤ 0.3 × L1; and the distance h4 from the fourth connection terminal to the fourth ground terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h4 ≤ 0.3 × L2. This helps improve the symmetry of the antenna structure, which in turn improves the system efficiency symmetry of the antenna structure. It helps avoid efficiency dips and thus improves the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0016] In one possible implementation of this application, the first radiator includes a first slot, and along the first direction, the distance b3 from the first slot to the center of the first radiator satisfies 0 ≤ b3 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator; the second radiator includes a second slot, and along the first direction, the distance b4 from the second slot to the center of the second radiator satisfies 0 ≤ b4 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. In this implementation, the corresponding structural modes of the first and second radiators have common mode points for slot antennas, and the design method provided by this application can also solve the system efficiency bottleneck problem of the antenna structure under this mode, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0017] Thirdly, this application also provides an antenna structure comprising a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive structure. Both the first and second radiators are half-wavelength radiators with identical structural patterns, and both extend along a first direction. Along a second direction, the first and second radiators are spaced apart, and the maximum distance H1 between them satisfies the condition 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1 for the total length L1 of the first radiator, and / or the maximum distance H1 between them satisfies the condition 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2 for the total length L2 of the second radiator. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Furthermore, along the second direction, the conductive structure is located between the first and second radiators and is electrically connected to both radiators. By adopting the antenna structure design scheme provided in this application, two radiators with the same corresponding structural mode and arranged in parallel at close range are electrically connected through conductive structural components. This reduces the difference in radiation efficiency of different resonances generated by the antenna structure, thereby facilitating the expansion of the system efficiency bandwidth and improving the communication performance of the antenna structure.

[0018] In one possible implementation of this application, the conductive structure includes a first conductive structure and a second conductive structure, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The first conductive structure includes a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end being connected to a first radiator and the second connection end being connected to a second radiator; the second conductive structure includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, the third connection end being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection end being connected to the second radiator. Furthermore, both ends of the first radiator and the second radiator are open. Along the first direction, the distance d1 from the first connection end to the center of the first radiator satisfies 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3 × L1, and the distance d2 from the second connection end to the center of the second radiator satisfies 0 < d2 ≤ 0.3 × L2. Also along the first direction, the distance d3 from the third connection end to the center of the first radiator satisfies 0 < d3 ≤ 0.3 × L1, and the distance d4 from the fourth connection end to the center of the second radiator satisfies 0 < d4 ≤ 0.3 × L2. This design improves the symmetry of the antenna structure, thereby enhancing the system efficiency symmetry and helping to avoid efficiency dips, thus increasing the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0019] In another possible implementation of this application, the first radiator may further include a first grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b1 from the first grounding point to the center of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator. Additionally, the second radiator includes a second grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b2 from the second grounding point to the center of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. In this implementation, the corresponding structural modes of the first and second radiators have common mode points for linear antennas. Therefore, the design method provided in this application can also solve the system efficiency dip problem of the antenna structure under this mode, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0020] In another possible implementation of this application, the conductive structure includes a first conductive structure and a second conductive structure, which are spaced apart along a first direction. The first conductive structure includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, the first connection terminal being connected to a first radiator and the second connection terminal being connected to a second radiator. The second conductive structure includes a third connection terminal and a fourth connection terminal, the third connection terminal being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection terminal being connected to the second radiator. Along the first direction, the first radiator includes a first ground terminal and a second ground terminal, and the second radiator includes a third ground terminal and a fourth ground terminal. Specifically, the distance h from the first connection terminal to the first ground terminal and the total length L1 of the first radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < h1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h2 from the second connection terminal to the third ground terminal and the total length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < h2 ≤ 0.3 × L2; the distance h3 from the third connection terminal to the second ground terminal and the total length L1 of the first radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < h3 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h4 from the fourth connection terminal to the fourth ground terminal and the total length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < h4 ≤ 0.3 × L2. This arrangement helps improve the symmetry of the antenna structure, thereby improving the system efficiency symmetry and helping to avoid efficiency dips, thus increasing the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0021] Based on the aforementioned implementation where the first radiator includes a first grounding terminal and a second grounding terminal, and the second radiator includes a third grounding terminal and a fourth grounding terminal, in one possible implementation of this application, the first radiator includes a first slot, and along the first direction, the distance b3 from the first slot to the center of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b3 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator; the second radiator includes a second slot, and along the first direction, the distance b4 from the second slot to the center of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b4 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. In this implementation, the corresponding structural modes of the first and second radiators have common mode points for slot antennas, and the design method provided in this application can also solve the system efficiency bottleneck problem of the antenna structure under this mode, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0022] Fourthly, this application also provides a mobile terminal that includes the antenna structure provided in any of the above aspects. Since the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure is expanded, it is beneficial to improving the communication performance of the mobile terminal.

[0023] In one possible implementation of this application, the mobile terminal includes a frame that surrounds the periphery of the antenna structure. A first radiator is located within the area enclosed by the frame, and a second radiator is located on the frame. Since the radiation performance of the first radiator is weaker than that of the second radiator, placing the feed point on the first radiator helps to balance the current distribution on the two radiators, which is beneficial to improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a mobile terminal structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure of the antenna structure of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2;

[0028] Figures 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure provided in Figure 2.

[0029] Figure 6 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 during operation;

[0030] Figure 7 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 when it is in operation;

[0031] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8b is a view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a from direction A;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a;

[0034] Figures 10a to 10c are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a.

[0035] Figure 11 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a;

[0036] Figure 12 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a;

[0037] Figure 13a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 13b is a view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a from direction B;

[0039] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a;

[0040] Figures 15a and 15b are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a.

[0041] Figure 16 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a;

[0042] Figure 17 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a;

[0043] Figure 18a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 18b is a C-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a;

[0045] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a;

[0046] Figures 20a and 20b are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a.

[0047] Figure 21 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a;

[0048] Figure 22 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a;

[0049] Figure 23 is a comparison of the S-curves of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a.

[0050] Figure 24 shows the Smith circles of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a.

[0051] Figure 25 shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a.

[0052] Figure 26a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 26b is a view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a from direction D;

[0054] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a;

[0055] Figures 28a and 28b are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a.

[0056] Figure 29 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a;

[0057] Figure 30 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a;

[0058] Figure 31a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 31b is an E-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a;

[0060] Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a;

[0061] Figures 33a to 33c are schematic diagrams of the current distribution on the two radiators when different radio frequency signals are fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a.

[0062] Figure 34 shows the efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a;

[0063] Figure 35 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a.

[0064] Reference numerals: 100-Cover plate; 200-Display / module; 300-PCB; 400-Middle frame; 500-Back cover; 600-Frame; 1-First radiator; 11-Center of the first radiator; 12-First grounding point; 13-First grounding terminal; 14-Second grounding terminal; 15-First slot; 2-Second radiator; 21-Center of the second radiator; 22-Second grounding point; 23-Third grounding terminal; 24-Fourth grounding terminal; 25-Second slot; 3-Non-conductive medium; 4-Feed point; 5-First conductive structure; 51-First connection terminal; 52-Second connection terminal; 6-Second conductive structure; 61-Third connection terminal; 62-Fourth connection terminal; 7-Ground. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0066] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate understanding of this application. However, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0067] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0069] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the mobile terminal's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the mobile terminal's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer, ground plane, or metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers.

[0070] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0071] Radio frequency (RF) chips are a combination of all components used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. They can be considered to include the RF front end and the transceiver. In the case of a receiving antenna, the RF chip can be considered the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the RF chip can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the RF chip can also be understood as the feed unit. Typically, it is considered part of the antenna system, used to convert radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Antenna design should consider the maximum power transfer capability and efficiency. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. This matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0072] In some contexts, the term "power supply / feeding circuit" narrowly refers to a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC). A power supply circuit converts radio waves (e.g., RF signals) into electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). It is typically considered part of the RF component.

[0073] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry or the radiator of the antenna. The RF front-end circuitry can be considered as the circuitry coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0074] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip in an electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in an electronic device.

[0075] It should be understood that any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application can share the same transceiver, for example, by transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel (e.g., a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip) in a transceiver; they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, by processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0076] It should also be understood that the two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application typically correspond to two RF test sockets in an electronic device.

[0077] Feed line: Also called a transmission line, it refers to the connection line between the antenna's radio frequency chip and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where it connects to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include conductive transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation, transmission lines can include support antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies. Depending on the carrier, transmission lines can be made of liquid crystal polymer (LCP), flexible printed circuit boards (FPC), or printed circuit boards (PCBs).

[0078] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range where the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The point of strongest resonance can be called the resonant point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonant point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, when the antenna / radiator in this application generates "first / second...resonance," the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to a specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0079] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristics at any frequency point within the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0080] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0081] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna can cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0082] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0083] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0084] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that radiation efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the radiation efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0086] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 dB. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10 dB difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20 dB difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3 dB difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0087] The term "end" in the context of the main radiator's first / second / third / fourth / grounded / open ends should not be narrowly interpreted as a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also refer to a segment of the main radiator including the first endpoint, which is the endpoint of the main radiator at the gap. For example, the first end of the main radiator can be considered a segment of the main radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the main radiator, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feed structure (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed structure). Similarly, a ground end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a ground structure.

[0088] Open and Closed Terminals: In some embodiments, open and closed terminals are, for example, relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, a free terminal, an open terminal, or an open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a grounded terminal or a short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0089] In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed end electrically connected to other conductors and the open end not electrically connected to other conductors.

[0090] To put it simply, the "open end" of a radiator can be defined as one end of the radiator that is spaced apart from the floor or coupled to the floor through a capacitive device.

[0091] To put it simply, the "grounding terminal" of a radiator can be understood as: if one end of the radiator is directly connected to the floor or coupled to the floor through an inductive device, it can be regarded as the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0092] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., inductive devices) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a slit at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the slit with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0093] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitive devices) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0094] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, resembles a radiator at the opening of an open or suspended end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0095] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0096] Coupling: In this application, it can be understood as indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as indirect coupling connection. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0097] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0098] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0099] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0100] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20% of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, within ±10% or within ±5%.

[0102] In the embodiments of this application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as half-wavelength mode, etc.) can refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: wavelength = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: wavelength = (speed of light / √ε) / frequency, where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal.

[0103] To facilitate understanding of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application, its application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0104] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application, with a mobile phone as the example. As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment, the mobile terminal includes a cover 100, a display / module 200, a printed circuit board (PCB) 300, a middle frame 400, and a rear cover 500. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 100 may be a glass cover, or it may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cover, etc. In one embodiment, the cover 100, display 200, middle frame 400, and rear cover 500 can all be considered as part of the housing.

[0105] The cover plate 100 can be set close to the display screen 200, and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 200 from dust.

[0106] In one embodiment, the display screen 200 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0107] The mid-frame 400 primarily serves to support the entire device. Figure 1 shows the PCB 300 positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the rear shell 500. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 300 may also be positioned between the mid-frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not impose any limitations on this. The PCB 300 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4), Rogers substrate, or a hybrid substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are mounted on the PCB 300.

[0108] In one embodiment, a metal layer may be disposed on the PCB 300. This metal layer can be used to ground electronic components carried on the PCB 300, or to ground other components such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer may be referred to as a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any layer of the dielectric substrate in the PCB 300. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer may be disposed on the side of the PCB 300 near the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 300 can be considered as the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 400 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The mobile terminal may also have other ground planes / grounding plates, as previously described, which will not be repeated here.

[0109] The mobile terminal may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the rear cover 500, or between the middle frame 400 and the display screen 200, and this application does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 300 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0110] The mobile terminal may also include a frame 600, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 600 may be disposed between the display screen 200 and the back cover 500 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the mobile terminal. The frame 600 may have four sides surrounding the display screen 200 to help secure the display screen 200. In one implementation, the frame 600 made of metal can be directly used as the metal frame of the mobile terminal, forming a metal frame appearance, suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 600 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming a non-metallic frame appearance, suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0111] The mid-frame 400 may include a border 600. The mid-frame 400, including the border 600, is a single unit that supports the electronic components within the device. The cover plate 100 and the rear shell 500 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the border 600 to form the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. Alternatively, the border 600 may not be considered part of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the border 600 may be connected to the mid-frame 400 and integrally formed. In another embodiment, the border 600 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the mid-frame 400, for example, via spring clips, screws, welding, etc. In one embodiment, the cover plate 100, rear shell 500, border 600, and mid-frame 400 may be collectively referred to as the outer shell or housing of the mobile terminal. It should be understood that "outer shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 100, rear shell 500, side frame 600 or middle frame 400, or to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 100, rear shell 500, side frame 600 or middle frame 400.

[0112] The back cover 500 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as glass or plastic; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.

[0113] In one embodiment, the frame 600 can at least partially function as a radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the frame acting as the radiator may have gaps between itself and other parts of the middle frame 400, or between itself and the middle frame 400, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near this portion of the frame acting as the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture disposed inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or multiple of the middle frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a gap / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the gap / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame 600, at which the frame 600 is divided into two parts without a direct connection. In one embodiment, the aperture may further include a slit / gap / aperture provided on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the aperture provided in the conductive material may communicate with a slit or gap in the frame to form a continuous aperture on the surface of the mobile terminal.

[0114] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the frame 600. The frame 600 comprises a non-conductive material, and the radiator of the antenna may be located within the mobile terminal and disposed along the frame 600, or the radiator may be at least partially embedded within the non-conductive material of the frame. In one embodiment, the radiator is disposed close to the non-conductive material of the frame 600 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the mobile terminal, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "disposed close to the frame 600" means that the radiator can be disposed tightly against the frame 600 or close to the frame 600, for example, there may be a small gap between the radiator and the frame 600.

[0115] In one embodiment, the radiator of the mobile terminal may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna. A gap may exist between the radiator disposed within the housing and other conductive components inside the housing, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be disposed near the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture disposed inside the mobile terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or multiple of the frame 600, mid-frame 400, battery, PCB 300, back cover 500, display screen 200, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the mid-frame 400. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the slot / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame, dividing the frame 600 into two parts without direct connection at the slit. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the apertures formed in the conductive material can communicate with the slots or gaps in the frame to form continuous apertures on the surface of the mobile terminal. In one embodiment, the apertures on the back cover 500 or the display screen can also be used to house other devices, such as cameras, and / or sensors, and / or microphones, and / or speakers, etc.

[0116] In one embodiment, the antenna can be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) antenna, or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In another embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent or semi-transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the mobile terminal, making it a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the mobile terminal.

[0117] Figure 1 only schematically shows some of the components included in the mobile terminal; the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not limited to those in Figure 1.

[0118] In this application, the mobile terminal may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, e-book readers, cameras, wearable devices, or home electronic devices. For ease of understanding, mobile phones are used as examples in the various embodiments of this application.

[0119] As explained above, antennas are crucial for enabling the communication functions of mobile terminals. Antennas generate corresponding resonances when operating in different modes, thus meeting the specific communication requirements of the mobile terminal. Taking a half-wavelength antenna as an example, its resonant mode can typically be configured with four structural modes: differential mode and common mode of a line antenna, differential mode of a slot antenna (also known as a gap antenna), and common mode of a slot antenna.

[0120] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, a differential-mode antenna can refer to an antenna with a structural mode in which the current direction on its radiator is opposite when the antenna is working; a common-mode antenna can refer to an antenna with a structural mode in which the current direction on its radiator is the same when the antenna is working. Therefore, the fact that two antennas have the same structural mode can be understood as meaning that when the two antennas are working separately, they can both be differential-mode line antennas, both be common-mode line antennas, both be differential-mode slot antennas, or both be common-mode slot antennas.

[0121] In practical applications, the antennas of the above four structural modes can be combined in various ways to form antenna structures. For example, referring to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional antenna structure for a mobile terminal provided in this embodiment, the antenna structure includes a first radiator 1 and a second radiator 2. The first radiator 1 is located within the area enclosed by the frame of the mobile terminal. The second radiator 2 is disposed on the frame, with slits around its perimeter, and is connected to other parts through a non-conductive medium filling the slits. Therefore, in this embodiment, feeding the first radiator 1 can form a support antenna; feeding the second radiator 2 can form a frame antenna. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are half-wavelength radiators, and the structural modes corresponding to the first and second radiators are the same.

[0122] It is worth noting that, in this application, "half-wavelength structure" refers to a radiator structure used to form a half-wavelength mode. For example, a dipole structure can be understood as the radiator structure of a dipole antenna, and a closed slot / open slot structure can be understood as the radiator structure of a closed slot / open slot antenna, etc. Furthermore, the electrical length of the "half-wavelength structure" can be λ / 2, where λ can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center point frequency of the radiator in the half-wavelength structure. Also, in this application, the radiator of the "half-wavelength structure" can be a radiator with a structure that is open / grounded at both ends.

[0123] Furthermore, as described above, the structural modes in this application can include wire antenna modes and slot antenna modes. Wire antenna modes include, for example, λ / 2 wire antenna modes and λ / 4 wire antenna modes; while slot antenna modes can include, for example, open slot antenna modes and closed slot antenna modes. Therefore, it can be understood that when the corresponding structural modes of two radiators have characteristics of either wire antenna modes or slot antenna modes, the corresponding structural modes of the two radiators are considered to be identical. In other words, the identical corresponding structural modes of two radiators should not be simply interpreted as identical structures or identical electrical lengths.

[0124] Referring to Figure 2, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are arranged close together and in parallel. Additionally, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 from another perspective. As can be seen from Figure 3, the first radiator 1 includes a feed point 4, while the second radiator 2 does not have a feed point. Therefore, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 can be used to form the same antenna structure.

[0125] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2. As can be seen from Figure 4, the S-curve includes two resonant points: a lower frequency resonant point at 3.12 GHz and a higher frequency resonant point at 3.27 GHz.

[0126] Figure 5a shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.12 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 2. Figure 5b shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.27 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 2. In Figures 5a and 5b, the arrows indicate the direction of current flow; the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation results show that the antenna structure formed by combining two radiators with the same corresponding structural mode, as shown in Figure 2, can excite two modes during use. The 3.12 GHz resonance generates currents in the same direction on both radiators, while the 3.27 GHz resonance generates currents in opposite directions on both radiators.

[0127] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 during operation, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 6, the radiation absorption efficiency curve begins to decline near 3.27 GHz, resulting in a concave point in the radiation efficiency. This is because the reverse current generated by the resonance at the aforementioned 3.27 GHz has a high energy storage capacity, which causes the radiation efficiency curve to show a concave point near this resonance point, thus affecting the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0128] Referring again to Figure 7, which is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 2 during operation, it can be understood that impedance matching needs to be adjusted to improve the system efficiency bandwidth of this antenna structure.

[0129] The above embodiments are merely examples of the combined use of two radiators with common mode characteristics of a line antenna to illustrate the problems that exist when using antenna structures formed by combining two radiators with the same corresponding structural pattern. Simulation analysis shows that similar problems also exist when using antenna structures formed by combining two radiators with common mode characteristics of a line antenna, two radiators with common mode characteristics of a slot antenna, and two radiators with differential mode characteristics of a slot antenna.

[0130] In view of this, this application improves the smoothness of the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure by reducing the difference in radiation efficiency of different resonances of the antenna structure, which includes two radiators arranged in parallel and close proximity, thereby facilitating the expansion of its system frequency bandwidth. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0131] Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure for a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8a, in this embodiment, the antenna structure of the mobile terminal includes a first radiator 1 and a second radiator 2. The first radiator 1 extends along a first direction, and the second radiator 2 extends along the first direction. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 8a, both ends of the first radiator 1 are open, and both ends of the second radiator 2 are also open. Therefore, both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are half-wavelength radiators, and their corresponding structural modes have the characteristics of a linear antenna differential mode.

[0132] It is worth noting that this application does not limit the specific arrangement of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2. They can be exemplarily strip-shaped structures, but due to the limitations of the internal space of the mobile terminal, the boundaries of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may have protrusions or grooves, etc. In addition, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may also have some holes for avoiding other structures. That is to say, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 can be regular shapes, but in practical applications, they are mostly irregular shapes.

[0133] Based on this, it can be understood that in this application, any angle between the radiator and the first direction within 30° can be considered as extending along the first direction. Furthermore, if half the length of the radiator extends along the first direction, it can be considered that the radiator extends along the first direction. Alternatively, in some possible embodiments of this application, the extending direction of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 can also be understood as the length direction of the long side of the rectangle used to cover its main boundary.

[0134] In addition, in this embodiment, the mobile terminal also includes a first conductive structure 5 and a second conductive structure 6. Along the first direction, the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 are located on both sides of the center 11 of the first radiator and on both sides of the center of the second radiator 2. That is, along the first direction, the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 are arranged at intervals.

[0135] Referring to Figure 8a, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are arranged alternately along the second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, that is, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are arranged side by side and alternately along the second direction.

[0136] In this application, along the second direction, the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 are located between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2. Furthermore, the first conductive structure 5 is electrically connected to both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, and the second conductive structure 6 is also electrically connected to both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2; that is, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are electrically connected through the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6. In a specific configuration, the first conductive structure 5 includes a first connecting end 51 and a second connecting end 52, with the first connecting end 51 connected to the first radiator 1 and the second connecting end 52 connected to the second radiator 2. The second conductive structure 6 includes a third connecting end 61 and a fourth connecting end 62, with the third connecting end 61 connected to the first radiator 1 and the fourth connecting end 62 connected to the second radiator 2.

[0137] This application does not limit the specific arrangement of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6. Examples of their configuration include metal connecting pieces or metal connecting ribs, as long as they can facilitate the flow of current. Furthermore, the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 can be connected to the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 by welding or other methods, or the first conductive structure 5 and / or the second conductive structure 6 can be integrally formed with at least one of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2.

[0138] As described above, the mobile terminal includes a frame that surrounds the periphery of the mobile terminal. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8a, the first radiator 1 may be located within the area enclosed by the frame, while the second radiator 2 may be located within the frame. In other possible embodiments of this application, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may also be located at other positions on the mobile terminal.

[0139] It is understood that, in order to ensure the coupling effect between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, in one embodiment of this application, the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 can satisfy the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1. And / or, the maximum spacing H1 between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 can satisfy the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2. This allows the parallel-arranged first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 to be close together, satisfying the coupling requirements between them, while also reducing the space occupied by the two radiators within the mobile terminal. This facilitates a more rational layout of the components within the mobile terminal, which is beneficial for miniaturization design of the mobile terminal. Alternatively, without changing the size of the mobile terminal, space can be reserved for the installation of more components, thereby enhancing the functional diversity of the mobile terminal.

[0140] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the "maximum distance H1 between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2" can be understood as the maximum value among the minimum distances from each point on the first radiator 1 to the second radiator 2, or the maximum value of the distance between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 in the second direction.

[0141] In this application, the total length L1 of the first radiator 1 can be understood as the length of the first radiator 1 in its extending direction, and the total length L2 of the second radiator 2 can also be understood as the length of the second radiator 2 in its extending direction. Furthermore, along the second direction, the corresponding ends of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 may or may not be aligned, and this is not limited in this application.

[0142] Figure 8b is a view from direction A of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a. As shown in Figure 8b, the mobile terminal also includes a feed point 4. In this embodiment, the feed point 4 can be coupled to the first radiator 1 so that radio frequency signals can be fed into the first radiator 1 through the feed point 4. Since the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are electrically connected through the first conductive structure 5, feeding radio frequency signals into the first radiator 1 through the feed point 4 can simultaneously excite resonance in both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2.

[0143] Referring again to Figure 8b, in this embodiment, along the first direction, the distance c1 from the feed point 4 to one end of the first radiator 1 satisfies 0 ≤ c1 ≤ 0.25 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator. This allows the feed point 4 to feed the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, enabling them to generate resonance that meets communication requirements.

[0144] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a. As can be seen from Figure 9, by adopting the design scheme provided in the above embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can generate three resonances in a relatively wide frequency band of 2.6 GHz to 5 GHz, corresponding to the resonance points at 3.26 GHz, 3.57 GHz and 4.82 GHz, respectively.

[0145] Figure 10a shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.26 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a. Figure 10b shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.57 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a. Figure 10c shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 4.82 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 8a. In Figures 10a to 10c, the direction of the arrows represents the direction of current flow, and the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation analysis shows that the main resonant modes generated by the antenna structure at the three resonant points are the differential mode of the half-wavelength linear antenna, the quarter-wavelength mode of the open end of the first conductive structure 5 located on the same side of the midpoint of the radiator from the two connecting ends of the first conductive structure 5, and the quarter-wavelength mode of the open end of the second conductive structure 6 located on the same side of the midpoint of the radiator from the two connecting ends of the second conductive structure 6.

[0146] Furthermore, referring to Figure 11, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure illustrated in Figure 8a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 11, the radiation absorption efficiency curve is very flat over a wide frequency range, without any efficiency dips. This is because none of the three resonant modes generate significant reverse currents, meaning the difference in radiation efficiency among the three resonators is relatively small.

[0147] By comparing Figure 11 and Figure 6, it can be found that by adopting the antenna structure design provided in Figure 8a of this application, the -2dB system efficiency bandwidth is more than doubled.

[0148] Figure 12 is the Smith chart of the antenna shown in Figure 8a. As can be seen from Figure 12, the antenna design provided in this application can not only effectively improve system efficiency and bandwidth, but also achieve better impedance matching, thus eliminating the need for impedance matching adjustments and improving the feasibility of the design.

[0149] It is worth mentioning that in the antenna shown in Figure 8a above, along the first direction, the first connecting end 51 and the second connecting end 52 are both located on the same side of the line connecting the center 11 of the first radiator and the center 21 of the second radiator. Furthermore, along the first direction, the distance d1 from the first connecting end 51 to the center 11 of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1; the distance d2 from the second connecting end 52 to the center 21 of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 < d2 ≤ 0.3 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2. This allows the first conductive structure 5 to be positioned in a region with a large current, reducing its impact on the electrical length of the radiator, thereby solving the efficiency dip problem without changing the operating frequency band.

[0150] It is understandable that in actual design, the distance between the first connection end 51 and the center 11 of the first radiator is usually a certain distance, and d1 can be greater than or equal to 0.02 × L1. Similarly, the distance d2 between the second connection end 52 and the center 21 of the second radiator can be greater than or equal to 0.02 × L2.

[0151] In one possible embodiment of this application, along the first direction, the distance d3 from the third connection end 61 to the center 11 of the first radiator 1 satisfies the condition 0 < d3 ≤ 0.3 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1; the distance d4 from the fourth connection end 62 to the center 21 of the second radiator 2 satisfies the condition 0 < d4 ≤ 0.3 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2. This is beneficial for improving the symmetry of the antenna, thereby improving the system efficiency symmetry of the antenna, which helps to avoid efficiency dips and thus improve the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0152] In practical design, the distance d3 from the third connection end 61 to the center 11 of the first radiator 1 is usually a certain distance, and d3 can be greater than or equal to 0.02 × L1. Similarly, the distance d4 from the fourth connection end 62 to the center 21 of the second radiator 2 can be greater than or equal to 0.02 × L2.

[0153] Furthermore, in this embodiment, along the first direction, the difference a1 between the distance from the third connection end 61 to the center 11 of the first radiator and the distance from the first connection end 51 to the center 11 of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ a1 ≤ 0.05 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1. Additionally, the difference a2 between the distance from the fourth connection end 62 to the center 21 of the second radiator and the distance from the second connection end 52 to the center 21 of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ a2 ≤ 0.05 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2. This allows for a smaller distance between the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6. Since the two connection ends of the first conductive structure 5 are respectively located close to the center 11 of the first radiator and the center 21 of the second radiator, it can be understood that the distance between the connection ends of the second conductive structure 6 and the center 11 and the center 21 of the first radiator is also small. In other words, the second conductive structure 6 is also located in a region with a large current, thereby further reducing the impact on the electrical length of the radiator. This allows for the resolution of the efficiency dip problem without changing the operating frequency band of the antenna structure. Furthermore, adopting the above design also helps to improve the symmetry of the arrangement of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6, thereby facilitating the expansion of the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0154] Based on this, it can be understood that, using the scheme shown in Figure 8a, when the antenna structure is working, the current at the center 11 of the first radiator and the center 21 of the second radiator is relatively large. Therefore, setting the first connection terminal 51 and the third connection terminal 61 close to the midpoint 11 of the first radiator, and setting the second connection terminal 52 and the fourth connection terminal 62 close to the midpoint 21 of the second radiator, helps to reduce the influence on the electrical length of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2. This can weaken the energy storage effect caused by the strong coupling of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, so that the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure is relatively flat and has no efficiency dips in the wide frequency range.

[0155] It is worth mentioning that, in one possible embodiment of this application, along the first direction, the width w1 of the first conductive structure 5 and the total length L of the first radiator 1 satisfy 0 < w1 ≤ 0.2 × L1, and the width w1 of the first conductive structure 5 and the total length L2 of the second radiator 2 satisfy 0 < w1 ≤ 0.2 × L2. This allows the width of the first conductive structure 5 to be smaller, thereby reducing the influence of the first conductive structure 5 on the electrical length of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, thus solving the efficiency dip problem without changing the antenna operating frequency band, and improving the expansion of the system efficiency bandwidth.

[0156] Similarly, in this application, along the first direction, the width w2 of the second conductive structure 6 satisfies the condition 0 < w2 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L2 of the first radiator 1, and the width w2 of the second conductive structure satisfies the condition 0 < w2 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator. This is to reduce the influence of the second conductive structure 6 on the electrical length of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2.

[0157] In some other possible embodiments of this application, the total width w of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 along the first direction can be such that the total length L of the first radiator 1 satisfies 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L1 and 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L2. This is to further reduce the influence of the conductive structure arrangement on the electrical length of the radiator.

[0158] In another possible embodiment of this application, the first conductive structure 5 may be a single integral structure, or may include a plurality of spaced-apart sub-conductive structures along the first direction. Similarly, the second conductive structure 6 may also be a single integral structure, or may include a plurality of spaced-apart sub-conductive structures along the first direction.

[0159] Figure 13a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Unlike the embodiment shown in Figure 8a, in the embodiment shown in Figure 13a, the conductive structure of the mobile terminal only includes the first conductive structure 5 and does not include the second conductive structure 6. Additionally, the first radiator 1 includes a first ground point 12, and the second radiator 2 includes a second ground point 22. The first ground point 12 is coupled to the ground plane, and the second ground point 22 is coupled to the ground plane 7. It can be understood that in the arrangement shown in Figure 13a, the corresponding structural modes of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 have a linear antenna differential mode.

[0160] In one possible embodiment of this application, along the first direction, the distance b1 from the first grounding point 12 to the center 11 of the first radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.2 × L1 with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator. Additionally, along the first direction, the distance b2 from the second grounding point 22 to the center 21 of the second radiator satisfies the condition 0 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2 × L2 with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator.

[0161] Figure 13b is a B-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a, which can be used to show the location of the feed point 4 of the antenna structure. It is understood that in this application, other structures of the antenna structures shown in Figures 13a and 13b can be configured with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0162] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a. As can be seen from Figure 14, by adopting the design scheme provided by the above embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can generate two resonances within a relatively wide frequency band, namely a lower frequency resonance point at 2.74 GHz and a higher frequency resonance point at 2.92 GHz.

[0163] Figure 15a shows a schematic diagram of the current distribution on the two radiators when a 2.74 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a. Figure 15b shows a schematic diagram of the current distribution on the two radiators when a 2.92 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a. In Figures 15a and 15b, the direction of the arrows represents the direction of current flow, and the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation analysis above shows that the resonance generated by the antenna structure at 2.74 GHz is mainly the common-mode resonance of the wire antenna in the frame. The resonance generated by the antenna structure at 2.92 GHz is mainly the differential-mode resonance of the wire antenna radiating along the first direction away from the first conductive structure 5.

[0164] Additionally, referring to Figure 16, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure illustrated in Figure 13a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 16, the radiation absorption efficiency curve is very flat over a wide frequency range, without any efficiency dips.

[0165] It can be seen that using the conductive structure provided in this application to connect two radiators with the same corresponding structural mode and arranged in parallel and close distance is beneficial to improving the radiation efficiency dip, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0166] Figure 17 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a. As can be seen from Figure 17, the antenna structure design provided in this application can not only effectively improve system efficiency and bandwidth, but also achieve better impedance matching, thus eliminating the need for impedance matching adjustment and improving the feasibility of the design.

[0167] Figure 18a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Unlike the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a above, in the embodiment shown in Figure 18a, the conductive structure of the mobile terminal includes a first conductive structure 5 and a second conductive structure 6. The specific arrangement of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 can be referred to the description of the embodiment shown in Figure 8a above, and will not be repeated here.

[0168] Figure 18b is a C-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a, which can be used to illustrate the location of the feed point of the antenna structure. It is understood that in this application, other structures of the antenna structures shown in Figures 18a and 18b can be configured with reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 13a above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0169] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. As can be seen from Figure 19, by adopting the design scheme provided by the above embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can generate two resonances within a relatively wide frequency band, namely a lower frequency resonance point at 2.97 GHz and a higher frequency resonance point at 3.25 GHz.

[0170] Figure 20a shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 2.97 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. Figure 20b shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.25 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. In Figures 20a and 20b, the direction of the arrows represents the direction of current flow, and the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation analysis shows that the resonance generated by the antenna structure at 2.97 GHz is mainly the half-wavelength common-mode resonance of the frame. The resonance generated by the antenna structure at 3.25 GHz is mainly the differential-mode resonance of the line antenna radiating along the first direction away from the first conductive structure 5.

[0171] Additionally, referring to Figure 21, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure illustrated in Figure 18a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 21, the radiation absorption efficiency curve is very flat over a wide frequency range, with no efficiency dips.

[0172] It can be seen that using the conductive structure provided in this application to connect two radiators with the same structural pattern and arranged in parallel at close range is beneficial to improving the radiation efficiency dip, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna.

[0173] Figure 22 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. As can be seen from Figure 22, the antenna structure design provided in this application can not only effectively improve system efficiency bandwidth, but also achieve better impedance matching, thus eliminating the need for impedance matching adjustment and improving the feasibility of the design.

[0174] Referring again to Figure 23, which is a comparison of the S-curves of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a. In Figure 23, the solid line represents the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a, and the dashed line represents the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. Since the only difference between the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a is the number of conductive structures, for ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a can be referred to as a single-conductive-structure antenna structure, and the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a can be referred to as a dual-conductive-structure antenna structure. A comparison of the two S-curves in Figure 23 shows that changing the number of conductive structures can achieve adjustment of the coverage frequency band.

[0175] Additionally, referring to Figure 24, which shows the Smith circles of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a. The solid line represents the Smith circle of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a, and the dashed line represents the Smith circle of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. The comparison demonstrates that adjusting the number of conductive structures allows for control over impedance matching.

[0176] As shown in Figure 25, which displays the efficiency curves of the antenna structures shown in Figure 13a and Figure 18a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a, the dashed line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a, the single-dotted-dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 13a, and the double-dotted-dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 18a. A comparison shows that the radiation absorption efficiencies of the single-conductor antenna structure shown in Figure 13a and the double-conductor antenna structure shown in Figure 18a are basically the same, but the overall efficiency of the single-conductor antenna structure shown in Figure 13a is lower than that of the double-conductor antenna structure shown in Figure 18a.

[0177] Based on the above comparison of single-conductive and dual-conductive antenna structures, it can be understood that in one possible embodiment of this application, a tuning circuit and a control switch can be provided on one of the conductive structures of the dual-conductive antenna structure. For example, the second conductive structure 6 further includes a tuning circuit and a control switch. The tuning circuit is coupled between the third connection terminal 61 and the fourth connection terminal 62. The control switch is used to switch different branches of the tuning circuit, wherein the equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance of the different branches of the tuning circuit is different. Thus, by connecting different branches of the tuning circuit between the third connection terminal 61 and the fourth connection terminal 62, the frequency of the antenna structure can be reconstructed, thereby adjusting the frequency band coverage of the antenna structure.

[0178] In other possible embodiments of this application, tuning circuits and control switches may be provided between the two connection ends of the first conductive structure 5 and between the two connection ends of the second conductive structure 6 to further improve the frequency band coverage of the antenna structure.

[0179] It is understandable that by adopting the solution provided in this application, the frequency band coverage of the antenna structure can be reconstructed, thus making it applicable to a wider range of scenarios.

[0180] Figure 26a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In the embodiment shown in Figure 26a, both ends of the first radiator 1 are grounded, and both ends of the second radiator 2 are grounded. Therefore, in this embodiment, the corresponding structural modes of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 have the characteristics of a slot antenna differential mode.

[0181] Furthermore, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are electrically connected by a first conductive structure 5 and a second conductive structure 6 spaced apart along a first direction. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 is slightly different from that in the above embodiment. Specifically, referring to FIG26a, in this embodiment, along the first direction, the first radiator 1 includes a first grounding terminal 13 and a second grounding terminal 14, and the second radiator 2 includes a third grounding terminal 23 and a fourth grounding terminal 24. Then, the distance h1 from the first connecting end 51 to the first grounding terminal 13 satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1: 0 < h1 ≤ 0.3 × L1, and the distance h2 from the second connecting end 52 to the third grounding terminal 23 satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2: 0 < h2 ≤ 0.3 × L2. In addition, the distance h3 from the third connection terminal 61 to the second ground terminal 14 and the total length L1 of the first radiator 1 satisfy the condition: 0 < h3 ≤ 0.3 × L1, and the distance h4 from the fourth connection terminal 62 to the fourth ground terminal 24 and the total length L2 of the second radiator 2 satisfy the condition: 0 < h4 ≤ 0.3 × L2.

[0182] This is because in this embodiment, the current at the grounding end of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 is relatively large. Therefore, by setting each connection end of the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 close to the grounding end of the radiator, the first conductive structure 5 and the second conductive structure 6 can be set in the area with large current, which is beneficial to reduce the energy storage effect caused by strong coupling between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2.

[0183] It is worth mentioning that, in actual design, the connection ends of the above-mentioned conductive structures are usually spaced from the center of the radiator. For example, the distance h1 from the first connection end 51 to the first ground end 13 can be greater than or equal to 0.02×L1, the distance h2 from the second connection end 52 to the third ground end 23 can be greater than or equal to 0.02×L2, the distance h3 from the third connection end 61 to the second ground end 14 can be greater than or equal to 0.02×L1, and the distance h4 from the fourth connection end 62 to the fourth ground end 24 can be greater than or equal to 0.02×L2.

[0184] Figure 26b is a D-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a, illustrating the location of the feed point 4 of the antenna system. It is understood that in this application, other structures of the antenna structures shown in Figures 26a and 26b can be configured with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0185] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a. As can be seen from Figure 27, by adopting the design scheme provided by the above embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can generate two resonances within a relatively wide frequency band, namely a lower frequency resonance point at 3.63 GHz and a higher frequency resonance point at 3.94 GHz.

[0186] Figure 28a shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.63 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a. Figure 28b shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.94 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a. In Figures 28a and 28b, the direction of the arrows represents the direction of current flow, and the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation analysis shows that the resonance generated by the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 at 3.63 GHz is mainly the differential-mode resonance of the slot antenna in the frame. However, the proportion of differential-mode resonance of the slot antenna in the support structure increases in the resonance generated by the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 at 3.94 GHz.

[0187] Additionally, referring to Figure 29, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure illustrated in Figure 26a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 29, the radiation absorption efficiency curve exhibits a concave point over a wide frequency band, due to the difference in radiation efficiency between the two modes described above.

[0188] However, the deepest point of the concave point of the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure without conductive structure shown in Figure 6 is -6dB, while the deepest point of the concave point of the radiation absorption efficiency curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 29 is -4dB. Therefore, compared to the concave point of the radiation absorption efficiency curve shown in Figure 6, the concave point of the radiation absorption efficiency curve shown in Figure 29 is shallower. In other words, adopting the antenna structure design scheme shown in Figure 26a of this application can effectively mitigate the impact on system efficiency bandwidth.

[0189] Figure 30 is the Smith chart of the antenna shown in Figure 26a. As can be seen from Figure 30, the antenna structure design provided in this application can not only effectively mitigate the impact on system efficiency and bandwidth, but also achieve better impedance matching of the system. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the impedance matching of the system, thereby improving the feasibility of the design.

[0190] Figure 31a is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure of a mobile terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Compared with the antenna structure shown in Figure 26a above, in the embodiment shown in Figure 31a, the first radiator 1 includes a first slit 15, and the second radiator 2 includes a second slit 25. Specifically, along the first direction, the distance b3 from the first slit 15 to the center 11 of the first radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator 1: 0 ≤ b3 ≤ 0.2 × L1; in addition, the distance b4 from the second slit 25 to the center 21 of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator 2: 0 ≤ b4 ≤ 0.2 × L2.

[0191] It is worth mentioning that, in this application, the center 11 of the first radiator can be located either on the first radiator 1 or on the first slit 15; similarly, the center 21 of the second radiator can be located on the second radiator 2 or on the second slit 25.

[0192] Figure 31b is an E-direction view of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a, illustrating the location of the feed point 4. It is understood that in this application, other structures of the antenna structures shown in Figures 31a and 31b can be configured with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0193] Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the S-curve of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a. As can be seen from Figure 32, using the design scheme provided in this embodiment, the antenna structure can generate three resonances over a relatively wide frequency band, corresponding to the resonance points at 2.62 GHz, 3.10 GHz, and 5.59 GHz.

[0194] Figure 33a shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 2.62 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a. Figure 33b shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 3.10 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a. Figure 33c shows the current distribution on the two radiators when a 5.59 GHz radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a. In Figures 33a to 33c, the direction of the arrows represents the direction of current flow, and the thicker the arrow, the greater the current intensity. The simulation analysis shows that the resonance generated by the antenna structure at 2.62 GHz is mainly the common-mode resonance of the slot antenna in the frame. The resonance generated by the antenna structure at 3.10 GHz is mainly a quarter-wavelength resonance mode biased towards the second ground terminal 14 of the first radiator 1 and the fourth ground terminal 24 of the second radiator 2. The resonance generated by the antenna structure at 5.59 GHz is mainly a quarter-wavelength resonance mode biased towards the first ground terminal 13 of the first radiator 1 and the third ground terminal 23 of the second radiator 2.

[0195] Additionally, referring to Figure 34, which shows the efficiency curves of the antenna structure illustrated in Figure 31a, the solid line represents the radiation absorption efficiency curve, and the dashed line represents the overall efficiency curve. As can be seen from Figure 34, the radiation absorption efficiency curve is very flat over a wide frequency range, with no efficiency dips.

[0196] It can be seen that using the conductive structure provided in this application to connect two radiators with the same structural mode and arranged in parallel at close range is beneficial to improving the radiation efficiency dip, thereby improving the system efficiency bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0197] Figure 35 is a Smith chart of the antenna structure shown in Figure 31a. As can be seen from Figure 35, the antenna structure design provided in this application can not only effectively mitigate the impact on system efficiency and bandwidth, but also achieve better impedance matching of the system. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the impedance matching of the system, thereby improving the feasibility of the design.

[0198] As can be seen from Figure 31b above, in this embodiment, the feed point 4 is located on the first radiator 1, that is, on the radiator with a poor radiation environment. However, verification has shown that, compared to placing the feed point 4 on the second radiator 2, which has better radiation conditions, placing the feed point 4 on the radiator with a poor radiation environment is beneficial for balancing the current distribution on the two radiators, and can effectively improve the system efficiency bandwidth, for example, by more than double.

[0199] It is worth mentioning that the above embodiments are merely exemplary demonstrations of the antenna structure provided in this application, offering solutions to increase system efficiency and bandwidth. Based on this, the structure can be adapted to meet the communication requirements of specific application scenarios. For example, when the mobile terminal is a foldable terminal, the two radiators can be positioned on the edges of different shells of the foldable terminal, allowing them to approach each other and be electrically connected via a conductive structure when the foldable terminal is closed. While various possible configurations of the first and second radiators of the mobile terminal will not be listed here, all should be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0200] Furthermore, the antenna design provided in this application can be applied to communication systems that are already in use or about to be used in mobile terminals, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, Wi-Fi systems, Sub-6G systems, or 5G systems. Therefore, this application does not limit the specific application scenarios of the above solutions.

[0201] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, It includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive structure, wherein the first radiator or the second radiator includes a feed point, wherein: Both ends of the first radiator are open, both ends of the second radiator are open, and both the first radiator and the second radiator extend along a first direction; Along the second direction, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart, and the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1; and / or, the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Along the second direction, the conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the conductive structure is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator.

2. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive structure includes a first conductive structure, which includes a first connection end and a second connection end. The first connection end is connected to the first radiator, and the second connection end is connected to the second radiator. The first connection end and the second connection end are located on the same side of the line connecting the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator. Along the first direction, the distance d1 from the first connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; and along the first direction, the distance d2 from the second connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < d2 ≤ 0.3 × L2.

3. The antenna structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive structure further includes a second conductive structure. Along the first direction, the second conductive structure is spaced apart from the first conductive structure. The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are located on both sides of the center of the first radiator and on both sides of the center of the second radiator.

4. The antenna structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second conductive structure includes a third connection terminal and a fourth connection terminal, wherein the third connection terminal is connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection terminal is connected to the second radiator; Along the first direction, the difference a1 between the distance from the third connecting end to the center of the first radiator and the distance from the first connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ a1 ≤ 0.05 × L1; and the difference a2 between the distance from the fourth connecting end to the center of the second radiator and the distance from the second connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 ≤ a2 ≤ 0.05 × L2.

5. The antenna structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second conductive structure further includes a tuning circuit and a control switch. The tuning circuit is coupled between the third connection terminal and the fourth connection terminal. The control switch is used to switch different branches of the tuning circuit, wherein the equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance of the different branches of the tuning circuit is different.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the width w of the conductive structure and the total length L1 of the first radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L1, and the width w of the conductive structure and the total length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following condition: 0 < w ≤ 0.2 × L2.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first radiator includes the feed point; and along the first direction, the distance c1 from the feed point to one end of the first radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ c1 ≤ 0.25 × L1.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first radiator includes a first grounding point, and along the first direction, the distance b1 from the first grounding point to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.2 × L1; The second radiator includes a second grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b2 from the second grounding point to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2 × L2.

9. An antenna structure, characterized in that, It includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a first conductive structure, and a second conductive structure, wherein the first radiator or the second radiator includes a feed point, wherein: Both ends of the first radiator are grounded, and both ends of the second radiator are grounded. Both the first radiator and the second radiator extend along a first direction. Along the second direction, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart, and the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1; and / or, the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Along the second direction, the first conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the second conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator; Along the first direction, the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are spaced apart, the first conductive structure is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator, and the second conductive structure is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator.

10. The antenna structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first conductive structure includes a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end being connected to the first radiator and the second connection end being connected to the second radiator; the second conductive structure includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, the third connection end being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection end being connected to the second radiator. Along the first direction, the first radiator includes a first grounding terminal and a second grounding terminal, and the second radiator includes a third grounding terminal and a fourth grounding terminal; the distance h1 from the first connection terminal to the first grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h2 from the second connection terminal to the third grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h2 ≤ 0.3 × L2; the distance h3 from the third connection terminal to the second grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h3 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h4 from the fourth connection terminal to the fourth grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h4 ≤ 0.3 × L2.

11. The antenna structure as described in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first radiator includes a first slit, and along the first direction, the distance b3 from the first slit to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ b3 ≤ 0.2 × L1; The second radiator includes a second slit, and along the first direction, the distance b4 from the second slit to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 ≤ b4 ≤ 0.2 × L2.

12. An antenna structure, characterized in that, It includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive structure, wherein: Both the first radiator and the second radiator are half-wavelength structure radiators, and the first radiator and the second radiator have the same structural mode. Both the first radiator and the second radiator extend along the first direction; Along the second direction, the first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart, and the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L1; and / or, the maximum distance H1 between the first radiator and the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2 × L2, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Along the second direction, the conductive structure is located between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the conductive structure is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator.

13. The antenna structure as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The conductive structure includes a first conductive structure and a second conductive structure, and the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are spaced apart along the first direction. The first conductive structure includes a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end being connected to the first radiator and the second connection end being connected to the second radiator; the second conductive structure includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, the third connection end being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection end being connected to the second radiator. Both ends of the first radiator are open, and both ends of the second radiator are open. Along the first direction, the distance d1 from the first connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance d2 from the second connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < d2 ≤ 0.3 × L2; and along the first direction, the distance d3 from the third connecting end to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < d3 ≤ 0.3 × L1; and the distance d4 from the fourth connecting end to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < d4 ≤ 0.3 × L2.

14. The antenna structure as described in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first radiator includes a first grounding point, and along the first direction, the distance b1 from the first grounding point to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ b1 ≤ 0.2 × L1; The second radiator includes a second grounding point. Along the first direction, the distance b2 from the second grounding point to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 ≤ b2 ≤ 0.2 × L2.

15. The antenna structure as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The first conductive structure includes a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end being connected to the first radiator and the second connection end being connected to the second radiator; the second conductive structure includes a third connection end and a fourth connection end, the third connection end being connected to the first radiator and the fourth connection end being connected to the second radiator. Along the first direction, the first radiator includes a first grounding terminal and a second grounding terminal, and the second radiator includes a third grounding terminal and a fourth grounding terminal; the distance h1 from the first connection terminal to the first grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h1 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h2 from the second connection terminal to the third grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h2 ≤ 0.3 × L2; the distance h3 from the third connection terminal to the second grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 < h3 ≤ 0.3 × L1; the distance h4 from the fourth connection terminal to the fourth grounding terminal satisfies the following condition with respect to the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 < h4 ≤ 0.3 × L2.

16. The antenna structure as described in claim 12 or 15, characterized in that, The first radiator includes a first slit, and along the first direction, the distance b3 from the first slit to the center of the first radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L1 of the first radiator: 0 ≤ b3 ≤ 0.2 × L1; The second radiator includes a second slit, and along the first direction, the distance b4 from the second slit to the center of the second radiator satisfies the following relationship with the total length L2 of the second radiator: 0 ≤ b4 ≤ 0.2 × L2.

17. A mobile terminal, characterized in that, The mobile terminal includes the antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. The mobile terminal as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The mobile terminal includes a frame that surrounds the periphery of the mobile terminal; the first radiator is located within the area enclosed by the frame, and the second radiator is located within the frame.

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