Chemical looping cycle-based membrane-free water electrolyzer for hydrogen production, and operating method
The membrane-free water electrolyzer for hydrogen production, which utilizes a chemical loop cycle and redox cycle of bifunctional electrodes and oxygen carrier electrodes, combined with temperature and electric field power supply, solves the problems of low integration of electrolyzer structure and low hydrogen production efficiency, and achieves efficient and low-cost hydrogen and oxygen production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SOUTHEAST UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
Smart Images
Figure CN2025128413_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Membrane-free water electrolysis for hydrogen production based on chemical looping and its operation method Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis for hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer and its operation method based on chemical looping. Background Technology
[0002] Hydrogen is widely regarded as an ideal green energy carrier due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly properties. However, currently, over 90% of global hydrogen production relies on fossil fuels, leading to substantial carbon dioxide emissions and hindering efforts to address climate change. To achieve a carbon-free economy, water electrolysis for hydrogen production is crucial, especially when utilizing renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy to generate electricity. This method not only effectively stores excess electricity from renewable sources but also addresses the spatiotemporal discontinuity of renewable energy distribution, thus promoting sustainable energy supply and distribution. Traditional membrane-based water electrolysis for hydrogen production faces multiple challenges, including safety hazards from mixing hydrogen and oxygen, high costs of membrane materials, and efficiency losses due to membrane resistance. These issues limit system capacity and hinder the large-scale application of water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Although hundreds of novel membrane materials have been developed by research institutions both domestically and internationally in recent years, the limitations of membrane ion transport activity and physicochemical stability mean that membrane-based water electrolysis for hydrogen production remains a significant challenge in overcoming the contradiction between safety, large capacity, and low energy consumption.
[0003] To address this, membrane-free water electrolysis technology has emerged. It achieves spatiotemporal decoupling of the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions through the redox cycle (i.e., chemical looping cycle) of the oxygen carrier, offering advantages such as intrinsic safety and low energy consumption. However, existing membrane-free electrolysis technologies suffer from problems such as low integration of the electrolyzer structure and low efficiency in hydrogen and oxygen production. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping and its operation method, aiming to improve the integration of the electrolyzer structure and increase hydrogen production efficiency.
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:
[0006] This invention provides a membrane-free water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical looping, characterized in that the electrolyzer includes a first end plate and a second end plate respectively connected to an external power source, the first end plate and the second end plate are connected as a whole, and at least one bipolar plate is provided inside, and electrolysis chambers are formed between the two end plates and the bipolar plate, as well as between two adjacent bipolar plates.
[0007] Each of the electrolysis chambers is equipped with a functional component, which includes a bifunctional electrode, a porous partition, and an oxygen carrier electrode that are sequentially attached. The bifunctional electrode is used for catalytic hydrogen evolution under a first operating condition and catalytic oxygen evolution under a second operating condition. The electrolyte temperature under the first and second operating conditions is 20-50℃ and 50-100℃, respectively, and the polarity of the external power supply is opposite under the two operating conditions.
[0008] The functional component is fitted with a gasket on its outer side;
[0009] Except for the gasket that is fitted on the outside of the functional component in the electrolysis chamber near the first end plate, which does not have a first upper channel, the upper part of the other gaskets has a first upper channel along the thickness direction.
[0010] All gaskets have a first lower channel at the bottom;
[0011] The bipolar plate has a first flow channel region on both sides. The first flow channel region on both sides is electrically connected to the oxygen carrier electrode and the bifunctional electrode respectively through conductive pillars distributed on it, so that multiple electrolysis chambers are connected in series.
[0012] The bipolar plate has a second upper channel along the thickness direction at the upper part and a second lower channel along the thickness direction at the lower part. The first wave channel region has a first guide channel communicating with the second upper channel at the upper part and a second guide channel communicating with the second lower channel at the lower part of the first channel region.
[0013] The first lower channel and the second lower channel are sequentially and alternately connected to form an electrolyte input channel. The electrolyte in the electrolyte input channel flows into each electrolysis chamber through the second guide channel.
[0014] The first upper channel and the second upper channel are sequentially and alternately connected to form a gas-liquid output channel. The electrolysis products and electrolyte in each electrolysis chamber flow out from the first guide channel to the gas-liquid output channel.
[0015] The inner side of the first end plate is provided with a second flow channel area, which is connected to the dual-function electrode through a conductive post. An input port is provided on the first end plate along the thickness direction.
[0016] The second end plate has a third flow channel area on its inner side, which is connected to the oxygen carrier electrode through a conductive post. The second end plate has an output port along the thickness direction.
[0017] The upper part of the third flow channel area is provided with a first guide channel that communicates with the output port.
[0018] The lower part of the third flow channel region is provided with a second guide channel that communicates with the electrolyte input channel;
[0019] The inlet end of the electrolyte input channel is connected to the input port, and the outlet end of the gas-liquid output channel is connected to the output port.
[0020] The further technical solution is as follows:
[0021] The first and second guide channels are located on the side of the bipolar plate and the second end plate near the oxygen carrier electrode.
[0022] The depths of both the first and second guide channels are no greater than half the thickness of the bipolar plate.
[0023] The material of the bifunctional electrode includes one of the following: metal phosphide, metal sulfide, metal carbide, metal nitride, and metal oxide.
[0024] The size of the dual-function electrode is no larger than the size of the oxygen carrier electrode.
[0025] The oxygen carrier electrode is an electrode with nickel hydroxide as its main component.
[0026] The porous partition is a sheet-like structure, either hollow or non-hollow, and is made of insulating porous material.
[0027] This invention also provides a method for operating the membrane-free water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical looping, comprising stepwise hydrogen and oxygen production, including:
[0028] By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolytic cell, at least one of the electrolytic cells can be operated alternately in the first and second operating conditions to achieve stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen in the same space.
[0029] The first operating condition is as follows: In an electrolyte at 20-50 ℃, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively connected to the negative and positive terminals of an external power supply. After being energized, the bifunctional electrode promotes the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, and the active component in the oxygen carrier electrode is oxidized into an oxidized oxygen carrier. Hydrogen is output from the gas-liquid output channel.
[0030] The second operating condition is as follows: In an electrolyte at 50-100 ℃, the polarity of the external power supply is reversed, that is, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply. After the power is turned on, the dual-function electrode promotes the production of oxygen by electrolysis of water. The oxidized oxygen carrier in the oxygen carrier electrode is partially spontaneously reduced under the action of the temperature field and completely reduced under the action of the electric field. Oxygen is output from the gas-liquid output channel.
[0031] The further technical solution is as follows:
[0032] The operating method also includes continuous hydrogen and oxygen production, which includes:
[0033] A first group of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one of the said electrolytic cells, and a second group of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one of the said electrolytic cells;
[0034] By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolytic cells, the first group of electrolytic cells can operate alternately under the first and second operating conditions, while the second group of electrolytic cells can operate alternately under the second and first operating conditions, thereby achieving continuous production of hydrogen and oxygen in different spaces.
[0035] The electrolyte is a KOH or NaOH solution.
[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0037] 1. This invention introduces a bifunctional electrode into the electrolyzer, which can catalyze both the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction, thereby improving the integration of the electrolyzer system. Furthermore, it avoids the use of precious metal materials, significantly reducing equipment costs.
[0038] 2. This invention achieves stepwise hydrogen and oxygen production within the same electrolyzer through the redox cycle of the oxygen carrier electrode. Coupled with a bifunctional electrode, it can produce hydrogen and oxygen under different voltage conditions, greatly adapting to the power fluctuations and intermittency of renewable energy sources, and possessing the potential for off-grid hydrogen production.
[0039] 3. This invention supplies energy to the electrolysis system through the coupling of a temperature field and an electric field. In the hydrogen production stage, the oxygen carrier is oxidized under the influence of a low-temperature electric field, inhibiting the competitive oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In the oxygen production stage, the oxidized oxygen carrier is reduced under the combined influence of the temperature and electric fields, ensuring complete regeneration of the oxygen carrier, significantly improving the regeneration rate, solving the rate limitation problem of the OER, and greatly improving the efficiency of the hydrogen production cycle. Furthermore, due to the effect of the temperature field, the oxygen production voltage is significantly reduced, significantly lowering the overall hydrogen production cost.
[0040] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolyzer for hydrogen production by membrane-free water electrolysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first end plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second end plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0046] Figure 6 shows the cell voltage curves obtained from the single electrolysis chamber test of the comparative example and Example 2 of the present invention.
[0047] In the diagram: 1. Electrolysis chamber; 2. Bipolar plate; 3. Electrolyte input channel; 4. Gas-liquid output channel; 5. First end plate; 6. Second end plate; 7. First guide channel; 8. Second guide channel; 9. Nut; 10. Bolt; 101. Bifunctional electrode; 102. Porous partition; 103. Oxygen carrier electrode; 104. Gasket; 201. First flow channel area; 301. First lower channel; 302. Second lower channel; 401. First upper channel; 402. Second upper channel; 501. Second flow channel area; 601. Third flow channel area; 3011. Input port; 4021. Output port. Embodiments of the present invention
[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0049] Example 1
[0050] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment of a membraneless water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical looping includes a first end plate 5 and a second end plate 6 that are respectively connected to an external power source. The first end plate 5 and the second end plate 6 are connected to form a whole. One or more bipolar plates 2 are provided inside. Electrolysis chambers 1 are formed between the two end plates and the adjacent bipolar plates 2, and between two adjacent bipolar plates 2.
[0051] Each electrolysis chamber is equipped with a functional component, which includes a bifunctional electrode 101, a porous partition 102, and an oxygen carrier electrode 103 that are sequentially attached. The bifunctional electrode 101 is used for catalytic hydrogen evolution under a first operating condition and catalytic oxygen evolution under a second operating condition. The polarity of the external power supply is opposite under the first and second operating conditions.
[0052] The functional component is fitted with a gasket 104 on its outer side;
[0053] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, except for the gasket 104 sleeved on the outside of the functional component in the electrolysis chamber 1 near the first end plate 5 which does not have a first upper channel 401, the upper part of the other gaskets 104 is provided with a first upper channel 401 along the thickness direction; the lower part of all gaskets 104 is provided with a first lower channel 301.
[0054] The two sides of the bipolar plate 2 are connected to the oxygen carrier electrode 103 and the bifunctional electrode 101 of the two adjacent electrolysis chambers respectively to form a flow channel, so that multiple electrolysis chambers 1 are connected in series.
[0055] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 and 3, the bipolar plate 2 has a first flow channel region 201 on both sides. The first flow channel region 201 on both sides is electrically connected to the oxygen carrier electrode 103 and the bifunctional electrode 101 respectively through conductive pillars distributed on it, so that multiple electrolysis chambers 1 are connected in series.
[0056] The bipolar plate 2 has a second upper channel 402 along the thickness direction at the upper part and a second lower channel 302 along the thickness direction at the lower part. The first flow channel region 201 has a first guide channel 7 connected to the second upper channel 402 at the upper part and a second guide channel 8 connected to the second lower channel 302 at the lower part of the first flow channel region 201.
[0057] As shown in Figure 1, the first lower channel 301 and the second lower channel 302 are alternately connected to form an electrolyte input channel 3. The electrolyte in the electrolyte input channel 3 flows into each electrolysis chamber 1 through the second guide channel 8. The first upper channel 401 and the second upper channel 402 are alternately connected to form a gas-liquid output channel 4. The electrolyzed reactants in each electrolysis chamber 1 flow out through the first guide channel 7 to the gas-liquid output channel 4.
[0058] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the inner side of the first end plate 5 is provided with a second flow channel region 501, which is connected to the bifunctional electrode 101 through a conductive post. The first end plate 5 has an input port 3011 along the thickness direction. The inner side of the second end plate 6 is provided with a third flow channel region 601, which is connected to the oxygen carrier electrode 103 through a conductive post. The second end plate 6 has an output port 4021 along the thickness direction. The upper part of the third flow channel region 601 is provided with a first guide channel 7 communicating with the output port 4021, and the lower part of the third flow channel region 601 is provided with a second guide channel 8 communicating with the electrolyte input channel 3.
[0059] The inlet end of the electrolyte input channel 3 is connected to the input port 3011 and is used to deliver electrolyte into the electrolytic cell. The outlet end of the gas-liquid output channel 4 is connected to the output port 4021 and is used to output the electrolyzed hydrogen or oxygen products and electrolyte.
[0060] The first end plate 5 and the second end plate 6 are also provided with power terminals and bolt holes. In a specific embodiment, the first end plate 5 and the second end plate 6 can be fixedly connected by nuts 9 and bolts 10, thereby pressing the gaskets 104 and bipolar plates 2 together, so that each electrolysis chamber is fixed.
[0061] The first guide channel 7 and the second guide channel 8 are located on the side of the bipolar plate 2 and the second end plate 6 near the oxygen carrier electrode 103, and the depth of the first guide channel 7 and the second guide channel 8 is no greater than half the thickness of the bipolar plate 2.
[0062] The material of the bifunctional electrode 101 in this embodiment includes one of the following: metal phosphide, metal sulfide, metal carbide, metal nitride, and metal oxide. Specifically, the bifunctional electrode 101 is CoFeNiPOx electrodeposited in situ on nickel foam.
[0063] In this embodiment, the size of the dual-function electrode 101 is no larger than the size of the oxygen carrier electrode 103. Specifically, the size of the dual-function electrode 101 is one-third the size of the oxygen carrier electrode 103.
[0064] The porous partition 102 in this embodiment is made of an insulating porous material to prevent short circuits between the bifunctional electrode 101 and the oxygen carrier electrode 103. Specifically, the porous partition 102 is a glass fiber partition.
[0065] In this embodiment, the oxygen carrier electrode 103 uses nickel hydroxide as the active component, specifically, Ni supported on nickel foam. 0.9 Co 0.1 (OH)2.
[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the bifunctional electrode 101 and the oxygen carrier electrode 103 have circular cross-sections, the bipolar plate 2 has a circular cross-section, and the porous partition 102 is one of a ring, a full-size circle, or a hollow circle.
[0067] Example 2
[0068] This embodiment provides an operation method for the membrane-free water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical chain cycle as described in Embodiment 1, including stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen.
[0069] The stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen specifically includes:
[0070] By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolyzer, at least one electrolyzer can be operated alternately in the first and second operating conditions, thereby realizing the stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen in the same space.
[0071] The first operating condition is as follows: In a 5 M KOH electrolyte at 25 ℃, the first end plate 5 and the second end plate 6 are connected to the negative and positive terminals of an external power supply, respectively. After the power is turned on, the bifunctional electrode 101 promotes the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, and the active component in the oxygen carrier electrode 103 is oxidized into an oxidized oxygen carrier. Hydrogen is output from the gas-liquid output channel 4.
[0072] The second operating condition is as follows: In a 5 M KOH electrolyte at 90 ℃, the polarity of the external power supply is reversed, that is, the first end plate 5 and the second end plate 6 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply, respectively. After the power is turned on, the bifunctional electrode 101 promotes the production of oxygen by electrolysis of water. The oxidized oxygen carrier in the oxygen carrier electrode 103 is partially spontaneously reduced under the action of the temperature field and completely reduced under the action of the electric field. Oxygen is output from the gas-liquid output channel 4.
[0073] Comparative Example
[0074] This comparative example provides an operating method for the membrane-free water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical looping as described in Example 1. The difference between this method and Example 2 is that the electrolyte temperature is 25 ℃, meaning that the electrolysis process relies solely on an electric field for energy.
[0075] exist At the hydrogen production current density, the single electrolysis cell of the comparative example and Example 2 were tested, and the cell voltage data obtained are shown in Figure 6(a) and (b), respectively.
[0076] Compared to the comparative example that relied solely on an electric field for power, the combined effect of the temperature and electric fields in Example 2 significantly reduced the oxygen production voltage. Simultaneously, due to the spontaneous reduction of oxygen carriers under the influence of the temperature field, the regeneration rate of the oxygen carriers was accelerated, resulting in a significantly higher hydrogen production efficiency than under the electric field-only power supply condition. Therefore, the coupled power supply of the temperature and electric fields significantly improved the hydrogen production cycle efficiency.
[0077] Example 3
[0078] This embodiment provides an operation method for the membrane-free water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer based on chemical chain cycle as described in Embodiment 1, including continuous production of hydrogen and oxygen.
[0079] The continuous production of hydrogen and oxygen includes:
[0080] A first set of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one electrolytic cell, and a second set of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one electrolytic cell.
[0081] By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolyzers, the first group of electrolyzers can operate alternately under the first and second operating conditions, while the second group of electrolyzers can operate alternately under the second and first operating conditions, thus achieving continuous production of hydrogen and oxygen in different spaces.
[0082] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping, characterized in that, The electrolytic cell includes a first end plate (5) and a second end plate (6) that are respectively connected to an external power source. The first end plate (5) and the second end plate (6) are connected as a whole. At least one bipolar plate (2) is provided inside the cell. Electrolytic cells (1) are formed between the two end plates and the bipolar plate (2) and between two adjacent bipolar plates (2). Each of the electrolysis chambers (1) is provided with a functional component, which includes a bifunctional electrode (101), a porous partition (102), and an oxygen carrier electrode (103) that are attached in sequence. The bifunctional electrode (101) is used for catalytic hydrogen evolution under a first operating condition and catalytic oxygen evolution under a second operating condition. The electrolyte temperature under the first operating condition and the second operating condition is 20-50℃ and 50-100℃, respectively, and the polarity of the external power supply is opposite under the two operating conditions. A gasket (104) is fitted on the outside of the functional component. Except for the gasket (104) sleeved on the outside of the functional component in the electrolysis chamber (1) near the first end plate (5), which does not have a first upper channel (401), the upper part of the other gaskets (104) is provided with a first upper channel (401) along the thickness direction. All gaskets (104) have a first lower channel (301) at the bottom. The bipolar plate (2) has a first flow channel region (201) on both sides. The first flow channel region (201) on both sides is electrically connected to the oxygen carrier electrode (103) and the bifunctional electrode (101) respectively through the conductive pillars distributed on it, so that multiple electrolysis chambers (1) are connected in series. The bipolar plate (2) has a second upper channel (402) along the thickness direction at the upper part and a second lower channel (302) along the thickness direction at the lower part. The first flow channel area (201) has a first guide channel (7) connected to the second upper channel (402) at the upper part and a second guide channel (8) connected to the second lower channel (302) at the lower part of the first flow channel area (201). The first lower channel (301) and the second lower channel (302) are sequentially connected to form an electrolyte input channel (3), and the electrolyte in the electrolyte input channel (3) flows into each electrolysis chamber (1) through the second guide channel (8). The first upper channel (401) and the second upper channel (402) are sequentially connected to form a gas-liquid output channel (4), and the electrolysis products and electrolyte in each electrolysis chamber (1) flow out from the first guide channel (7) to the gas-liquid output channel (4). The first end plate (5) has a second flow channel area (501) on its inner side, which is connected to the dual-function electrode (101) through a conductive post. The first end plate (5) has an input port (3011) along the thickness direction. The second end plate (6) has a third flow channel area (601) on its inner side, which is connected to the oxygen carrier electrode (103) through a conductive post. The second end plate (6) has an output port (4021) along the thickness direction. The upper part of the third flow channel area (601) is provided with a first guide channel (7) that is connected to the output port (4021). The lower part of the third flow channel area (601) is provided with a second guide channel (8) that is connected to the electrolyte input channel (3); The inlet end of the electrolyte input channel (3) is connected to the input port (3011), and the outlet end of the gas-liquid output channel (4) is connected to the output port (4021); The first guide channel (7) and the second guide channel (8) are located on the side of the bipolar plate (2) and the second end plate (6) near the oxygen carrier electrode (103); The depths of the first guide channel (7) and the second guide channel (8) are both no greater than half the thickness of the bipolar plate (2).
2. The membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the bifunctional electrode (101) includes one of the following: metal phosphide, metal sulfide, metal carbide, metal nitride, and metal oxide.
3. The membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the bifunctional electrode (101) is no larger than the size of the oxygen carrier electrode (103).
4. The membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen carrier electrode (103) is an electrode with nickel hydroxide as its main component.
5. The membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous partition (102) is a hollow or non-hollow sheet structure made of insulating porous material.
6. A method for operating a membrane-free water electrolysis electrolyzer for hydrogen production based on chemical looping as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, This includes stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen, which includes: By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolytic cell, at least one of the electrolytic cells can be operated alternately in the first and second operating conditions to achieve stepwise production of hydrogen and oxygen in the same space. The first working condition is: in the electrolyte at 20-50 ℃, the first end plate (5) and the second end plate (6) are respectively connected to the negative and positive terminals of the external power supply. After the power is turned on, the dual-function electrode (101) promotes the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. The active component in the oxygen carrier electrode (103) is oxidized into an oxidized oxygen carrier, and hydrogen is output from the gas-liquid output channel (4). The second operating condition is as follows: In an electrolyte at 50-100 ℃, the polarity of the external power supply is reversed, that is, the first end plate (5) and the second end plate (6) are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply respectively. After the power is turned on, the dual-function electrode (101) promotes the production of oxygen by electrolysis of water. The oxidized oxygen carrier in the oxygen carrier electrode (103) is partially spontaneously reduced under the action of the temperature field and completely reduced under the action of the electric field. Oxygen is output from the gas-liquid output channel (4).
7. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating method also includes continuous hydrogen and oxygen production, which includes: A first group of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one of the said electrolytic cells, and a second group of electrolytic cells is formed using at least one of the said electrolytic cells; By controlling the external power switch to switch the operating conditions of the electrolytic cells, the first group of electrolytic cells can operate alternately under the first and second operating conditions, while the second group of electrolytic cells can operate alternately under the second and first operating conditions, thereby achieving continuous production of hydrogen and oxygen in different spaces.
8. The operating method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electrolyte is a KOH or NaOH solution.