Intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system for precise fracture creation, and implementation method

Abstract

An intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system for precise fracture creation, and an implementation method. When it is necessary to open or close multi-stage sliding sleeves during a production process, different intelligent tags and mating tools are used, such that infinite-stage, efficient and precise fracturing and fracture creation in unconventional oil and gas wells can be implemented, thereby optimizing the production performance of the oil and gas wells; and by means of switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeves pre-installed on a completion string, and by using coiled tubing to carry switching tools, repeatable switching-on / switching-off control over a production zone is realized without changing formation properties and a casing inner diameter.

Description

Precise fracture seam forming intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system and implementation method TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fracturing sliding sleeve system, more particularly to a precise fracture seam forming intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system and implementation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the geological conditions and reservoir characteristics, in order to further improve the development effect, on the one hand, it is necessary to realize the dense and uniform fracture seam forming of horizontal section, maximize the single well production, and set the sandblasting hole in the most favorable geological horizon. This method can effectively avoid the blindness and randomness that may occur in traditional perforating technology, ensure the docking of sandblasting hole and fracture more accurately, and improve the fracturing effect.

[0003] The fracturing technology of sandblasting hole directional setting will become an important means to improve productivity in oil and gas exploitation. This technology combines sandblasting hole directional setting and fracturing operation, and accurately controls the direction of sandblasting hole and the expansion direction of fracturing fracture, so as to optimize the exploitation effect of oil and gas well. On the other hand, it is necessary to realize the repeated opening and closing control after the development of the late water layer plugging control and the production layer management, so as to ensure the controllable modification and development of the whole life cycle of oil and gas well. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a precise fracture seam forming intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system and implementation method, which aims to improve the precision of fracturing seam forming.

[0005] The above-mentioned purpose is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent tag comprises a center body, a movable body and a shrinkage structure which are slidably connected to the center body, a tail portion is fixedly connected to the left part of the center body, a cavity is formed between the center body and the tail portion, and a driving mechanism is used to control the axial displacement of the movable body, the axial displacement of the movable body is used to push the shrinkage structure to expand, the center body, the movable body and the tail portion are coaxially arranged, and the shrinkage structure can protrude from the center body, the movable body and the tail portion after expansion.

[0007] The intelligent tag is a smart tag with a rubber plug, the central body is a guide type central body, the right part of the guide type central body is a column, the left part is a cone, the diameter of the cone decreases from left to right, a shoulder is formed between the cone and the column, the movable body is an external connection type movable body, the external connection type movable body is slidingly connected to the column, in the initial state, the left end of the external connection type movable body abuts against the shoulder, the shrinkage structure is a sealing ring, the sealing ring is sleeved on the cone and tightly fitted, the left end of the sealing ring is fixedly connected to an open ring tightly fitted on the cone, the left end of the external connection type movable body is fixedly connected to the right end of the sealing ring, the right end of the guide type central body is fixedly connected to a limiting piece, the left end of the limiting piece abuts against the right end of the external connection type movable body, thereby limiting the freedom of right movement of the external connection type movable body, the tail part includes a rear cover fixedly connected to the left end of the external connection type movable body, and a rubber plug fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rear cover; the guide type central body is fixedly connected with a first execution unit, and a first electric control unit is arranged to control the first execution unit.

[0008] The guide type central body, the external connection type movable body, the rear cover and the limiting piece form a central liquid passage.

[0009] In the radial direction, the rubber plug protrudes from the expanded sealing ring and the open ring, and the rubber plug can be shrunk to not protrude from the guide type central body, the external connection type movable body and the rear cover when being extruded by radial pressure.

[0010] The inside of the rear cover is provided with a fracturing ball, when the fracturing ball moves right in the inside of the rear cover and abuts against the right end of the inside of the rear cover, the central liquid passage can be blocked.

[0011] The inner diameter of the central liquid passage in the left part of the rear cover is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing ball.

[0012] Alternatively, the intelligent tag is an opening tool, the central body includes a universal type central body and a guide head threadedly connected to the right end of the universal type central body, the guide head is slidingly connected with a movable body, the movable body is an internal connection type movable body, the radial wall surface of the guide head is provided with a window, the internal connection type movable body forms a tapered surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, and the tapered surface of the internal connection type movable body is slidingly connected with a pawl.

[0013] The left end of the universal type central body is fixedly connected with a rear cover as a tail part, the universal type central body is fixedly connected with a first electric control unit, the right end of the universal type central body is fixedly connected with an electromagnet, the left end of the internal connection type movable body is fixedly connected with a magnet, and the first electric control unit controls the electromagnet to start and stop.

[0014] The internal connection type movable body and the pawl produce axial relative movement, thereby the internal connection type movable body pushes the pawl to move radially in the window.

[0015] A switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, comprising a sliding sleeve body, a first gland and a second gland fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve body, a rotary sand blaster rotatably connected to the second gland, a cement retarder arranged in the rotary sand blaster, an upper joint and a lower joint respectively fixed to the left and right ends of the sliding sleeve body, a sliding sleeve inner core slidably connected in the sliding sleeve body, a clamping device fixed to the sliding sleeve body, a clamping groove arranged on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve inner core, and the clamping device located in the clamping groove to clamp the sliding sleeve inner core, and the sliding sleeve inner core can abut against the lower joint after being disengaged from the clamping device.

[0016] The rotary sand blaster comprises an execution module and a rotary sand blasting body, the execution module comprises a speed reducer motor fixed in the first gland, the output shaft of the speed reducer motor is in transmission connection with the rotary sand blasting body, the rotary sand blasting body is coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the motor, the rotary sand blasting body is rotatably connected to the second gland, the rotary sand blasting body wall is provided with a sand blasting hole, the sand blasting hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary sand blasting body, when the sliding sleeve inner core is clamped by the clamping device, the sliding sleeve inner core blocks the sand blasting hole, and after the sliding sleeve inner core is disengaged from the clamping device, the sand blasting hole connects the sliding sleeve body with the outside.

[0017] A precise seam-creating intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system implementation method, as the rotary sand blaster continuously rotates during the process of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve being lowered into the well, a horizontal position detection device installed in the first gland feeds back information to a second electric control unit, so that a second execution unit drives the rotary sand blasting body to rotate, adjusts the corresponding angle between the axis of the sand blasting hole on the rotary sand blasting body and the horizontal plane, and when the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is lowered to its designated position, the included angle between the sand blasting hole and the horizontal plane is just adjusted to the designated direction required by the design.

[0018] The precise seam-creating intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system implementation method comprises the following steps:

[0019] The first opening implementation mode of each level of switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve comprises the following steps:

[0020] The tools are connected through a casing, and a smart tag with a rubber plug is used, when the sealing ring and the opening ring are expanded, the smart tag is clamped and blocked in the interior of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, and the first opening and fracturing operation of the sliding sleeve are completed with the pressurization of a pump truck.

[0021] The implementation mode of separately opening or closing any level of intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve comprises the following steps:

[0022] The opening tool is carried by a coiled tubing and conveyed downhole through the casing, after the first electric control unit receives the signal, the current direction of the electromagnet is quickly changed, so that the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet is switched, the electromagnet and the magnet repel each other, the radial movement of the clamping jaw is driven to complete the variable diameter, so as to be clamped in the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is driven by dragging the coiled tubing, and the opening operation of the intelligent sliding sleeve is completed;

[0023] When the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve needs to be repeatedly opened and closed during the production process, the opening tool carried by the conventional tubing or coiled tubing can realize the opening or closing of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve of a single layer or multiple layers.

[0024] When sealing is required between each fitting, a sealing ring can be installed in the groove to realize the sealing between two fittings. For example, a sealing ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the rear cover and abuts against the inner wall of the guide center body, the guide center body is provided with two sealing rings, one of which forms a seal with the central hole of the rear cover, and the other forms a seal with the inner wall of the pressure cover, and a sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure cover and abuts against the right end of the guide center body.

[0025] The precise seam forming intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system and the implementation method have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The purpose is to realize unlimited level, more efficient and precise fracturing seam forming in unconventional oil and gas wells, thereby optimizing the production effect of the oil and gas well. At the same time, the production layer is exempted from the water plugging operation in the later production stage, the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is preinstalled on the completion string, and the switch tool is carried by the coiled tubing, thereby realizing the flexibility of regulation and control without changing the internal diameter of the completion string and without producing liquid water stage.

[0027] In the case that the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve on the casing completion string is throttled, the production layer can be repeatedly switched and controlled, and the effect of stable oil control and water control from the initial development to the later stage of the oil and gas reservoir is greatly improved.

[0028] The device has the function of automatically adjusting the orientation of the rotating sandblasting body, and the sandblasting hole is directionally arranged in the most favorable geological layer direction.

[0029] In the fracturing process, the intelligent tag with the functions of automatic positioning identification and variable diameter is used as the unlimited level intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening tool preinstalled on the casing completion string, and the opening and fracturing operation of each level of the fracturing sliding sleeve in the downhole can be completed by only pumping after automatic delivery at the wellhead, thereby realizing full-hole-section full-diameter and efficient dense fracturing, and avoiding the use of explosives and cables.

[0030] In the pumping process, the ground high-frequency pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure change generated when the rubber plug passes through different pipe diameters to determine whether the number of the sliding sleeve through which the tag passes reaches the specified sliding sleeve.

[0031] The opening ring of the intelligent tag can increase the clamping force of the tag during the fracturing process to ensure that the tag can be firmly clamped at the required position.

[0032] The intelligent tag flowback passage can ensure reliable blowout and plugging removal when sand plugging occurs during the fracturing construction process, and can also meet the requirements of rapid drilling and production after the fracturing construction is completed and the well is sealed.

[0033] In the late stage of reservoir development, without mechanical water plugging tool, chemical water plugging operation and other means, the electric control switch tool carried by coiled tubing can be used to control the repeated closing or opening of the production layer corresponding to the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve without changing the formation physical properties and the inner diameter of the casing. In combination with the profile control process, the flexible control of water plugging in the production layer is realized, and the operation complexity and cost are greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the intelligent tag with a rubber plug;

[0035] Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the back cover;

[0036] Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the sealing ring inflation;

[0037] Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the opening tool;

[0038] Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the pawl extension;

[0039] Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the guide head;

[0040] Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the opening ring;

[0041] Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet and the magnet;

[0042] Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve;

[0043] Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the sandblasting hole opening;

[0044] Fig. 11 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 9;

[0045] Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the rotating sandblasting body;

[0046] Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the circuit of the intelligent tag with a rubber plug;

[0047] Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the opening tool;

[0048] Fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the first opening of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve at each level;

[0049] Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the separate closing of any level of intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve;

[0050] Fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of the one-time operation of the multi-level intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve switch control;

[0051] Figs. 18 and 19 show a schematic diagram of the opening tool with an added inductive switch.

[0052] In the figure: 1-1a, guiding center body; 1-1b, general center body; 1-1c, guiding head; 1-1d, center tube; 1-2a, externally connected movable body; 1-2b, internally connected movable body; 1-3, limiting member; 1-4a, sealing ring; 1-4b, split ring; 1-4c, claw; 1-5a, first execution unit; 1-5b, electromagnet; 1-5c, magnet; 1-6, first electric control unit; 1-7, inductive device; 1-8, back cover; 1-9, rubber plug; 1-10, fracturing ball; 1-11, inductive switch; 2-1, sliding sleeve main body; 2-1a, guide groove; 2-2, first gland; 2-2a, second execution unit; 2-2b, second electric control unit; 2-3, second gland; 2-4, rotary sand blaster, 2-4a, rotary sand blasting body; 2-5, upper joint; 2-6, lower joint; 2-7, sliding sleeve inner core; 2-7a, inner core protrusion; 2-7b, slotted; 2-8, locking device; 2-9, inductive ring mounting sleeve; 2-10, inductive ring; 3-1, serial communication circuit; 3-2, inductive module; 3-3, first microcontroller; 3-4, first state display circuit; 3-5, power supply circuit; 3-6, first driver circuit; 3-7, first execution mechanism; 5-1, industrial computer; 5-2, microcontroller; 5-3, carrier wave communication circuit; 5-4, carrier wave power supply circuit; 5-5, carrier wave communication cable; 6-1, carrier wave communication circuit; 6-2, inductive unit; 6-3, second microcontroller; 6-4, second state display circuit; 6-5, carrier wave power supply circuit; 6-6, second driver circuit; 6-7, second execution mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The implementation of the intelligent tag is as follows: the first opening of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is used for the intelligent tag with a rubber plug, for example, FIGS. 1 to 3, which includes a guide center body 1-1a, the right part of the guide center body 1-1a is a column, the left part is a cone, and the diameter of the cone decreases from left to right, and the shoulder is formed between the cone and the column. The outer connecting movable body 1-2a is slidably connected to the column of the guide center body 1-1a, the sealing ring 1-4a is sleeved and attached to the cone of the guide center body 1-1a, the left end of the sealing ring 1-4a is fixedly connected to the opening ring 1-4b attached to the cone, the left end of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a is fixedly connected to the right end of the sealing ring 1-4a, or the left end of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a is in contact with the right end of the sealing ring 1-4a. The right end of the guide center body 1-1a is fixedly connected to the limiting piece 1-3, which can be a nut to be threadedly connected to the right end of the column, and the left end of the limiting piece 1-3 abuts against the right end of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a, thereby limiting the freedom of the right movement of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a. The electric control cavity is formed between the guide center body 1-1a and the rear cover 1-8, the first execution unit 1-5a is fixedly connected to the guide center body 1-1a and located in the electric control cavity, the first electric control unit 1-6 controls the first execution unit 1-5a, and the sensing device 1-7. The first execution unit 1-5a can be an electric cylinder or an electric hydraulic cylinder, the end of the piston rod is supported on the inner end surface of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a, the outer connecting movable body 1-2a moves left under the pressure in the sleeve while the first execution unit 1-5a piston rod contracts according to the set stroke, when the first execution unit 1-5a contracts and drives the outer connecting movable body 1-2a to move left, the outer connecting movable body 1-2a pushes the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b to move left along the conical surface of the guide center body 1-1a, the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b expand, the left end of the outer connecting movable body 1-2a is threadedly connected to the rear cover 1-8, and the rubber plug 1-9 is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the rear cover 1-8. The sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b protrude from the guide center body 1-1a, the outer connecting movable body 1-2a and the rear cover 1-8 after expanding in the radial direction. The rubber plug 1-9 protrudes from the expanded sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b in the radial direction, and can be contracted to not protrude from the guide center body 1-1a, the outer connecting movable body 2-2a and the rear cover 2-8 when the rubber plug 1-9 is extruded by the radial pressure. The guide center body 1-1a, the outer connecting movable body 1-2a, the rear cover 1-8 and the limiting piece 1-3 are in communication to form a central liquid passage, the fracturing ball 1-10 is arranged in the rear cover 1-8, and the fracturing ball 1-10 can block the central liquid passage when it moves right in the rear cover 1-8 and abuts against the right end of the rear cover 1-8. The inner diameter of the central liquid passage in the left part of the rear cover 1-8 is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing ball 1-10 to prevent the fracturing ball 1-10 from separating from the rear cover 1-8.The rear cover 1-8 can be two parts, one on the left and one on the right, forming a spliced structure, and the two parts of the rear cover 1-8 are threadedly connected, so that the fracturing ball 1-10 can be loaded into the rear cover 1-8.

[0054] Implementation two of the intelligent tag:

[0055] For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the opening tool for the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve includes a universal center body 1-1b, a guide head 1-1c is threadedly connected to the right end of the universal center body 1-1b, an inner-connection movable body 1-2b is slidably connected in the guide head 1-1c, the inner-connection movable body 1-2b can only slide along the axis, a window is arranged on the radial wall surface of the guide head 1-1c, the window has a guiding function for the radial movement of a pawl 1-4c, the inner-connection movable body 1-2b forms a tapered surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, the pawl 1-4c is slidably connected to the tapered surface of the inner-connection movable body 1-2b by a key and groove matching mode, the inner diameter of the pawl 1-4c increases from left to right, the pawl 1-4c can be in surface contact with the tapered surface of the inner-connection movable body 1-2b to fit and slide, so that the inner-connection movable body 1-2b pushes the pawl 1-4c to move radially in the window.

[0056] A rear cover 1-8 is threadedly connected to the left end of the universal center body 1-1b, and an electric control cavity is formed between the universal center body 1-1b and the rear cover 1-8, a first electric control unit 1-6 and an inductive device 1-7 are fixedly connected to the universal center body 1-1b and located in the electric control cavity, the first electric control unit 1-6 controls the start and stop of an electromagnet 1-5b, the electromagnet 1-5b is fixedly connected to the universal center body 1-1b by structural glue, the electromagnet 1-5b closes the right part of the electric control cavity, the universal center body 1-1b is in conduction with the rear cover 1-8, and a magnet 1-5c is fixedly connected to the left end of the inner-connection movable body 1-2b by glue.

[0057] In this embodiment, the central hole of the rear cover 1-8 communicates with the electric control cavity: when multiple layers of switchable intelligent fracturing are simultaneously closed, power supply cables are needed, but the use of cables needs to be matched with coiled tubing, so the central hole is connected by the tubing to realize sealing.

[0058] For example, Figures 9 to 11, the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve includes a sliding sleeve body 2-1, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve body 2-1 is bolted with a first gland 2-2 and a second gland 2-3, the first gland 2-2 and the second gland 2-3 are sealed and spliced and form a sealed cavity between the sliding sleeve body 2-1, the sealed cavity is provided with a second execution unit 2-2a and a second electric control unit 2-2b for controlling the second execution unit 2-2a, the second gland 2-3 is provided with a rotary sand blaster 2-4 in communication with the sliding sleeve body 2-1, the rotary sand blaster 2-4 is provided with a cement retarder, the left and right ends of the sliding sleeve body 2-1 are respectively threaded with an upper joint 2-5 and a lower joint 2-6, the sliding sleeve body 2-1 is slidingly connected with a sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, the sliding sleeve body 2-1 is fixedly connected with a clamping device 2-8, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping device 2-8 is located in the clamping groove to clamp the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7. The clamping device 2-8 can be a shear pin or an elastic clamping mechanism, cooperating with the arc-shaped clamping groove, so that the clamping mechanism is in surface contact with the clamping groove. When the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is subjected to an axial force, if the elastic force of the elastic clamping mechanism is insufficient to maintain the position of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, the elastic clamping mechanism will shrink, so that the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is released. The sliding sleeve body 2-1 and the upper joint 2-5 are provided with an induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9, the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9 is threaded at the left end of the sliding sleeve body 2-1, the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9 is fixedly connected with an induction ring 2-10, and the induction ring 2-10 is located between the upper joint 2-5 and the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve body 2-1 is provided with two guide grooves 2-1a distributed on the left and right, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is fixedly connected with an inner core protrusion 2-7a, the initial position of the inner core protrusion 2-7a is located in the left guide groove 2-1a, at this time the rotary sand blaster 2-4 is closed, the right end of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of slits 2-7b, and the inner core protrusion 2-7a is located at the slits 2-7b in the axial direction. When the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 moves to the right, the diameter of the inner core protrusion 2-7a decreases from left to right to form an inclined surface, the inner core protrusion 2-7a is in surface contact with the radial wall of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, so that the inner core protrusion 2-7a is pressed on the radial wall of the sliding sleeve body 2-1 in the guide groove 2-1a and is subjected to a radial component force, so that the right part of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is radially contracted, the slits 2-7b become smaller, and the inner core protrusion 2-7a can enter the right guide groove 2-1a from the left guide groove 2-1a. Preferably, when the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is clamped, the left end of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 abuts against the shoulder of the inner wall of the sliding sleeve body 2-1.

[0059] Specifically, in combination with FIG. 12, the rotating sand blaster 2-4 includes an execution module for driving the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a, and the execution module can be a motor and a reducer. Preferably, a first key is formed on the outer wall of the motor, the first key of the motor is matched with the first key groove on the first gland 2-2, and the two are fixed. The right end of the reducer is fixedly connected with a second key, and the left end of the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a is provided with a second key groove, the second key is matched with the second key groove to realize transmission, and the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a is coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the motor, so that the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a rotates around the output shaft of the motor. After the second electric control unit 2-2b outputs a signal, the motor drives the reducer to output a rotating motion, and the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a is driven to rotate to a specified position by the protruding key on the end face of the reducer. The axis of the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a is parallel to the axis of the sliding sleeve main body 2-1, so that the sand blasting holes on the wall of the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating sand blasting body 2-4a. The sand blasting holes are opened and closed by the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7.

[0060] First opening implementation of each stage switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve

[0061] The downhole string mainly includes switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeves of the first stage to the Nth stage, and the tools are connected through the casing according to the corresponding reservoir fracturing position of the construction design; when the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b are expanded, they are clamped and blocked inside the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, and with the pressurization of the pump truck, the first opening and fracturing operation of the sliding sleeve are completed, and the above operation is repeated, and with the release of each set of intelligent tags, the opening and fracturing construction of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve of each stage are completed, and the fracturing is performed step by step from the toe end to the heel end until the whole well construction is completed.

[0062] Preferably, the intelligent tag with a rubber plug for the first opening of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is made of a fully soluble material and automatically dissolves within a certain time after the fracturing construction is completed.

[0063] Further description of the working principle:

[0064] Firstly, in combination with FIG. 13, the circuit of the intelligent tag with a rubber plug includes a serial communication circuit 3-1, an induction module 3-2, a first microcontroller 3-3, a first state display circuit 3-4, a power supply circuit 3-5, a first driver circuit 3-6 and a first execution mechanism 3-7, and the arrow also indicates that there is an electrical connection between the features. The ground controller 1-1 communicates with the intelligent tag through the serial communication 3-1 to query the tag state and set the target address information. The intelligent tag senses the magnetic signal of the induction ring 2-10 through the induction module 3-2 to count, drives the execution mechanism 3-7 to act after reaching the target sliding sleeve, and the execution mechanism 3-7 is the first execution unit 1-5a.

[0065] Secondly, when the fractured target sliding sleeve is the Nth sliding sleeve, the target address is set as "N" by the first electric control unit 1-6, the rubber plug carrying intelligent tag is transported downhole through the casing, when the sensing device 1-7 passes through the first intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve and detects the magnetic signal emitted by the sensing ring 2-10, the count is "one", the rubber plug carrying intelligent tag continues to pass through the magnetic signal emitted by the sensing ring 2-10 in the second sliding sleeve, the count is "two", and the count is "N" when passing through the Nth sliding sleeve. At this time, after the first electric control unit 1-6 receives the signal, the first execution unit 1-5a executes, the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b move relative to the inclined surface of the guide center body 1-1a under the action of pressure, the diameter of the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b is continuously expanded by the continuously increasing outer diameter of the inclined surface, and the sealing ring 1-4a and the opening ring 1-4b are clamped and blocked in the inner core 2-7 of the sliding sleeve. By ground pressurization, the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 is driven by pressure to make the shear pin shear at the end of the circular arc surface, so that the inner core protrusion 2-7a slides from the left guide groove 2-1a to the right guide groove 2-1a, and the inner core protrusion 2-7a changes from the state of blocking the rotary sand blasting body 2-4a to the state of exposing the rotary sand blasting body 2-4a, and the intelligent sliding sleeve completes the opening operation. Preferably, a central pipe 1-1d and a sensing switch 1-11 can be added to the opening tool of the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the left and right ends of the central pipe 1-1d can be respectively fixed to the universal center body 1-1b and the guide head 1-1c, and the sensing switch 1-11 is fixed in the guide head 1-1c, so that the central pipe 1-1d passes through the electromagnet 1-5b, the magnet 1-5c and the inner joint movable body 1-2b, and the sensing switch 1-11 is electrically connected with the first electric control unit 1-6. When the protrusion of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 slides out of the left guide groove 2-1a, the right end of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 will be reduced in diameter, and at this time the sensing switch 1-11 fixed in the guide head 1-1c will detect the reduction in diameter of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7. When the coiled tubing continues to be dragged, the protrusion of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 will enter the right guide groove 2-1a, and at the same time the right end of the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7 restores to the initial size, the sensing switch 1-11 restores to the initial state, and the electric control unit 1-6 receives the signal and changes the current direction of the electromagnet 1-5b to change the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet 1-5b, so that the electromagnet 1-5b and the magnet 1-5c attract each other, the pawl 1-4c is retracted to the unexpanded state, and the above-mentioned intelligent sliding sleeve completes the opening operation. The coiled tubing is dragged to take out the tool from the well.

[0066] Production later, separately close any level of intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve implementation:

[0067] For example, the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is carried by the coiled tubing to be transported downhole through the casing, and the opening tool is used, in combination with FIGS. 4, 5 and 16, when the target sliding sleeve to be opened or closed is the second switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the target address is set as "two" by the first electric control unit 1-6 of the opening tool, the sensing device 1-7 passes through the first intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, reaches the second intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve and detects the magnetic signal emitted by the inductive ring 2-10 in the second intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, and then the count is "two", at this time, the first electric control unit 1-6 receives the signal and quickly changes the current direction of the electromagnet 1-5b, so that the pole direction of the electromagnet 1-5b is switched, the electromagnet 1-5b and the magnet 1-5c repel each other, the radial movement of the pawl 1-4c is driven to complete the variable diameter, so as to be clamped in the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, the coiled tubing is dragged to drive the sliding sleeve inner core 2-7, and the opening or closing action of the intelligent sliding sleeve is completed.

[0068] In the repeated opening and closing operation of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve in the later production stage, whether it is a single layer or a multi-layer, a conventional tubing or a coiled tubing can be used, rather than following the conventional single-layer switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve which can only be used with a conventional tubing, and the multi-layer switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve which can only be used with a coiled tubing:

[0069] For example, the one-time operation multi-stage intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve opening and closing control implementation mode:

[0070] For example, FIG. 17, when the sliding sleeve of multiple layers needs to be opened or closed during production, the opening tool connected by the cable is carried by the conventional tubing or the coiled tubing to perform the opening or closing work.

[0071] Firstly, in combination with FIG. 14, the circuit of the opening tool includes a carrier wave communication circuit 6-1, a sensing unit 6-2, a second microcontroller 6-3, a second state display circuit 6-4, a carrier wave power supply circuit 6-5, a second driver circuit 6-6 and a second execution mechanism 6-7, and the arrow also indicates that there is an electrical connection between the features. The carrier wave ground controller includes an industrial computer 5-1, a microcontroller 5-2, a carrier wave communication circuit 5-3, a carrier wave power supply circuit 5-4 and a carrier wave communication cable 5-5. The industrial computer 5-1 inquires the state of the opening tool and sets the target address information through the carrier wave communication circuit 6-1 of the opening tool through the microcontroller 5-2, the carrier wave communication circuit 5-3 and the carrier wave communication cable 5-5. The opening tool senses the magnetic signal of the inductive ring 2-10 through the sensing module 3-2, and when there is a magnetic signal, the information is transmitted to the industrial computer 5-1, and after reaching the target intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the industrial computer 5-1 issues a command to drive the first driver circuit 3-6 to drive the first execution mechanism 3-7 to act.

[0072] Before the fracturing process, according to different geological characteristics and engineering design of different well sites, the flow hole of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, that is, the sandblasting hole on the rotating sandblasting body 2-4a, can be designed with different phases, different numbers and different sandblasting hole diameters. The corresponding phase of the different sandblasting holes is designed, and the corresponding angle between the sandblasting hole and the horizontal plane is set before the well is lowered. During the process of lowering the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the horizontal position detection device installed in the first pressure cover 2-2 feeds back information to the second electric control unit 2-2b, so that the rotating sandblasting body 2-4a is rotated by the second electric control unit 2-2a, and the corresponding angle with the horizontal plane is adjusted in time. When the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is lowered to its specified position, the angle between the sandblasting hole and the horizontal plane is just adjusted to the specified direction required by the design, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate fracture during fracturing.

Claims

1. An intelligent label, comprising a central body, a movable body and an expansion structure slidably connected to the central body, a tail fixed to the left part of the central body, a cavity formed between the central body and the tail, a driving mechanism for controlling the axial displacement of the movable body, the axial displacement of the movable body for pushing the expansion structure to expand, the central body, the movable body and the tail being coaxial, and the expansion structure being able to protrude out of the central body, the movable body and the tail after the expansion is completed.

2. The intelligent label according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent label is a plug label, the central body is a guide central body (1-1a), the right part of the guide central body (1-1a) is a column, the left part is a cone, the diameter of the cone decreases from left to right, a shoulder is formed between the cone and the column, the movable body is an external movable body (1-2a), the external movable body (1-2a) is slidably connected to the column, in the initial state, the left end of the external movable body (1-2a) abuts against the shoulder, the expansion structure is a sealing ring (1-4a), the sealing ring (1-4a) is sleeved on the cone, the left end of the sealing ring (1-4a) is fixedly connected to an open ring (1-4b) abutting against the cone, the left end of the external movable body (1-2a) is fixedly connected to the right end of the sealing ring (1-4a), the right end of the guide central body (1-1a) is fixedly connected to a limiting piece (1-3), the left end of the limiting piece (1-3) abuts against the right end of the external movable body (1-2a), thereby limiting the freedom of right movement of the external movable body (1-2a), the tail comprises a back cover (1-8) fixedly connected to the left end of the external movable body (1-2a), and a plug (1-9) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the back cover (1-8), the guide central body (1-1a) is fixedly connected with a first execution unit (1-5a), and a first electric control unit (1-6) is arranged to control the first execution unit (1-5a). The guide central body (1-1a), the external movable body (1-2a), the back cover (1-8) and the limiting piece (1-3) are in communication to form a central liquid passage.

3. The intelligent label according to claim 2, wherein the plug (1-9) protrudes radially out of the expanded sealing ring (1-4a) and the open ring (1-4b), and the plug (1-9) can be shrunk to not protrude out of the guide central body (1-1a), the external movable body (1-2a) and the back cover (1-8) when being pressed by radial pressure.

4. The intelligent label according to claim 2, wherein the inside of the back cover (1-8) is provided with a fracturing ball (1-10), and the fracturing ball (1-10) can block the central liquid passage when moving rightward to abut against the right end inside the back cover (1-8).

5. The intelligent label according to claim 4, wherein the inner diameter of the central liquid passage at the left part of the back cover (1-8) is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing ball (1-10).

6. The intelligent tag according to claim 2, or the intelligent tag is an opening tool, the central body comprises a universal central body (1-1b), and a guide head (1-1c) is threadedly connected to the right end of the universal central body (1-1b), the guide head (1-1c) is slidably connected with a movable body, the movable body is an internal tangent movable body (1-2b), a window is arranged on the radial wall surface of the guide head (1-1c), the internal tangent movable body (1-2b) forms a tapered surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, and a pawl (1-4c) is slidably connected to the tapered surface of the internal tangent movable body (1-2b). The left end of the universal central body (1-1b) is fixedly connected with a rear cover (1-8) which is a tail portion, a first electronic control unit (1-6) is fixedly connected in the universal central body (1-1b), the right end of the universal central body (1-1b) is fixedly connected with an electromagnet (1-5b), the left end of the internal tangent movable body (1-2b) is fixedly connected with a magnet (1-5c), and the first electronic control unit (1-6) controls the electromagnet (1-5b) to start and stop.

7. The intelligent tag according to claim 6, axial relative movement is generated between the internal tangent movable body (1-2b) and the pawl (1-4c), so that the internal tangent movable body (1-2b) pushes the pawl (1-4c) to move radially in the window.

8. A switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve used in cooperation with the intelligent tag according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a sliding sleeve body (2-1), a first gland (2-2) and a second gland (2-3) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding sleeve body (2-1), a rotary sand blaster (2-4) is rotatably connected to the second gland (2-3), cement retarder is arranged in the rotary sand blaster (2-4), an upper joint (2-5) and a lower joint (2-6) are respectively fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the sliding sleeve body (2-1), a sliding sleeve inner core (2-7) is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve body (2-1), a clamping device (2-8) is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve body (2-1), a clamping groove is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve inner core (2-7), the clamping device (2-8) is located in the clamping groove to clamp the sliding sleeve inner core (2-7), and the sliding sleeve inner core (2-7) can abut against the lower joint (2-6) after being disengaged from the clamping.

9. The switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve according to claim 8, the rotary sand blaster (2-4) comprises an execution module and a rotary sand blasting body (2-4a), the execution module comprises a speed reducer motor, the speed reducer motor is fixedly connected in the first gland (2-2), the output shaft of the speed reducer motor is in transmission connection with the rotary sand blasting body (2-4a), the rotary sand blasting body (2-4a) is coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the motor, the rotary sand blasting body (2-4a) is rotatably connected to the second gland (2-3), a sand blasting hole is arranged on the wall of the rotary sand blasting body (2-4a), the sand blasting hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary sand blasting body (2-4a), the sliding sleeve inner core (2-7) blocks the sand blasting hole when being clamped by the clamping device (2-8), and the sand blasting hole leads the sliding sleeve body (2-1) to be in communication with the outside after the sliding sleeve inner core (2-7) is disengaged from the clamping of the clamping device.

10. The method for implementing the precision fracture joint intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system, using the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve of claim 9, as the sandblasting body (2-4) rotates continuously during the process of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve down the well, the horizontal position detection device installed in the first gland (2-2) feeds back information to the second electric control unit (2-2b), the second execution unit (2-2a) drives the sandblasting body (2-4a) to rotate, adjusts the corresponding angle between the axis of the sandblasting hole on the sandblasting body (2-4a) and the horizontal plane, and when the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is down to its designated position, the included angle between the sandblasting hole and the horizontal plane is also adjusted to the designated orientation of the design requirement.

11. The method for implementing the precision fracture joint intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system according to claim 10: First opening implementation mode of each level switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve: The connection between each downhole tool is through the casing, and the intelligent tag with rubber plug is used, when the sealing ring (1-4a) and the opening ring (1-4b) are expanded, they are clamped and sealed in the inside of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, and with the pressurization of the pump truck, the first opening and fracturing operation of the sliding sleeve are completed.

12. The method for implementing the precision fracture joint intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve system according to claim 10, when the single opening or closing of any level intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is implemented, the intelligent tag of claim 6 is used: The opening tool carried by the coiled tubing is transported downhole through the casing, after the first electric control unit (1-6) receives the signal, the current direction of the electromagnet (1-5b) is quickly changed, so that the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet (1-5b) is converted, the electromagnet (1-5b) and the magnet (1-5c) repel each other with the same pole, so as to push the claw (1-4c) to move radially to complete the variable diameter, so as to be clamped in the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve, the switchable intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is driven by dragging the coiled tubing, so as to complete the opening or closing action of the intelligent sliding sleeve; When the repeated opening and closing of the intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve is needed during production, the opening tool carried by the conventional tubing or the coiled tubing can realize the opening or closing of the single layer or multi-layer intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve.

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