Optical antenna, optical gimbal, optical system and free space optical communication terminal
By integrating an optical antenna with a periscope-style two-dimensional optical turntable in the space optical communication terminal, the problem of the large size of the ATP system was solved, the miniaturization and weight reduction of the optical antenna were achieved, and the integration of the terminal was improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
Smart Images
Figure CN2025146099_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Optical antennas, optical turntables, optical systems and space optical communication terminals
[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on January 15, 2025, with application number 202510076793.3 and title "Optical Antenna, Optical Turntable, Optical System and Space Optical Communication Terminal", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0002] This application relates to the field of space optical communication technology, and in particular to an optical antenna, an optical turntable, an optical system and a space optical communication terminal. Background Technology
[0003] Free Space Optical Communication (FSO) refers to optical communication that uses lasers as a carrier to transmit information in a vacuum or atmosphere. FSO combines the advantages of fiber optic and microwave communication, offering benefits such as high security, large communication capacity, high communication rate, fast transmission speed, convenient band selection, and large information capacity. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for laying optical fibers, thus demonstrating promising application prospects.
[0004] Communication terminals used for space optical communication generally include an ATP (Active Photonic Acquisition) system and a communication system. The ATP system is used for the acquisition, tracking, and pointing of a target beam (e.g., signal light or beacon light), and a communication link can be established between two communication terminals through the ATP system. After the communication link is established, the communication system in the communication terminal can transmit and receive signal light through this link.
[0005] One ATP system provided by related technology includes a coarse tracking section, an optical antenna section, and a fine tracking section. The coarse tracking section mainly includes a two-dimensional optical turntable, responsible for adjusting the elevation and azimuth optical angles; by adjusting the optical angles, the target beam can be captured. The optical antenna section is located between the coarse tracking section and the fine tracking section, used to compress the large-aperture beam captured by the coarse tracking section into a small-aperture beam and transmit it to the fine tracking section. The fine tracking section is used to track and aim at the receiving small-aperture beam, thereby establishing a communication link with the receiving communication terminal. However, the above-mentioned ATP system has the problem of large size, which affects the overall miniaturization of the communication terminal. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides an optical antenna, an optical turntable, an optical system, and a space optical communication terminal to improve the problem of the large size of space optical communication terminals.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] In a first aspect, an optical antenna is provided, which includes a first lens group and a second lens group, the first lens group and the second lens group forming an optical beam-constricting system.
[0009] The first lens group includes a first lens and a second lens, and the second lens group includes a third lens and a fourth lens, with the second lens and the third lens close to each other; wherein the distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and / or the distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than or equal to 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens.
[0010] The optical antenna designed above allows for placement between the first and second lenses when the distance between them is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens. This ensures that the light beam passing through the first lens is reflected to the 45-degree reflector of the second lens. Similarly, when the distance between the third and fourth lenses is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens, they can be placed together, reflecting the light beam passing through the third lens to the 45-degree reflector of the fourth lens. This design facilitates the integration of the optical antenna with a periscope-style two-dimensional optical turntable. Integrating the optical antenna into the periscope-style two-dimensional optical turntable helps reduce the overall size of the ATP system, thus addressing the issue of the large size of space optical communication terminals.
[0011] In some possible implementations, the optical aperture of the first lens is larger than that of the second lens. This design can, on the one hand, reduce the size of the second lens, which is beneficial for miniaturization of the optical antenna; on the other hand, it can reduce the weight of the second lens, which is beneficial for lightweighting of the optical antenna; thus, it is beneficial for miniaturization and lightweighting of space optical communication terminals using this optical antenna.
[0012] In some possible implementations, the optical aperture of the second lens is greater than or equal to the optical aperture of the third lens, and the optical aperture of the third lens is greater than the optical aperture of the fourth lens. This design can, on the one hand, reduce the size of the fourth lens, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the optical antenna; on the other hand, it can reduce the weight of the fourth lens, which is beneficial for the lightweighting of the optical antenna; thus, it is beneficial for the miniaturization and lightweighting of space optical communication terminals using this optical antenna.
[0013] In some possible implementations, the ratio of the optical aperture of the first lens to the fourth lens is equal to 0.5 to 1.2 times the beam-shrinkage ratio of the optical antenna. This design allows the optical aperture of the fourth lens to be determined based on the aperture of the beam at its location, thereby enabling further reduction in the size and weight of the fourth lens.
[0014] In some possible implementations, the optical aperture of the first lens is 50 mm to 100 mm, and the optical aperture of the fourth lens is 2 mm to 20 mm. This design allows for further reduction in the size and weight of the fourth lens.
[0015] In some possible implementations, the beam-shortening ratio of the optical antenna ranges from 5 to 20 times. This design allows for applicability to different application scenarios, expanding the applicability of the optical antenna and the space optical communication terminal employing it.
[0016] In some possible implementations, the optical antenna is an optical beam-shrinking system modeled after a telescope system, with the first lens group serving as the objective lens and the second lens group as the eyepiece. One of the first and second lens groups has positive optical power, and the other has negative optical power. This design helps to shorten the overall length of the optical antenna, making it more compact and facilitating miniaturization.
[0017] In some possible implementations, both the first and second lens groups employ a telephoto architecture. This design helps to shorten the overall length of the optical antenna, making it more compact and facilitating miniaturization.
[0018] In some possible implementations, the optical antenna is disposed in the space optical communication terminal. The optical antenna is used to receive optical signals to be received in free space through a first lens, and to output the received optical signals to the space optical communication terminal after beam ablation through a fourth lens. It is also used to receive signals to be transmitted from the space optical communication terminal through the fourth lens, and to transmit the transmitted signals into free space after beam ablation through the first lens. This design facilitates the placement of the optical antenna in the space optical communication terminal, allowing the space optical communication terminal to receive and transmit optical signals via the optical antenna.
[0019] In a second aspect, an optical turntable is provided, the optical turntable including a turntable body and an optical antenna as described in any one of the first aspects; wherein the turntable body includes a first reflector, a second reflector, a first motor and a second motor.
[0020] The first and second reflectors are arranged opposite each other to form the periscope optical path. The central axis of the optical path between the first and second reflectors is the first axis, the central axis of the optical path outside the first reflector is the second axis, and the central axis of the optical path outside the second reflector is the third axis.
[0021] The first motor is used to drive the first reflector to rotate around the first axis; the second motor is used to drive the first reflector and the second reflector to rotate around the third axis.
[0022] The optical antenna is integrated into the turntable body, and at least one of the first lens, second lens, third lens and fourth lens in the optical antenna is disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector.
[0023] In the optical turntable provided in this application, a specially designed optical antenna is used to achieve integration with the turntable body. While ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna and the turntable body are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna and the periscope optical path of the turntable body can be well integrated. This helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the size of the optical turntable, and improve the integration of the optical turntable.
[0024] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and one of the first and second reflectors is disposed between the first and second lenses. This design allows the first and second lenses to be placed between each other, reflecting the light beam passing through the first lens to the 45-degree reflector of the second lens; thus, without affecting the functionality of the optical antenna and the turntable body, the first or second reflector in the periscope optical path is positioned between the first and second lenses.
[0025] In some possible implementations, the distance between the third and fourth lenses is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens, and one of the first and second reflecting mirrors is positioned between the third and fourth lenses. This design allows the third and fourth lenses to be placed so that the light beam passing through the third lens is reflected to the 45-degree reflecting mirror of the fourth lens. Thus, without affecting the functionality of the optical antenna and the turntable body, the first or second reflecting mirror in the periscope's optical path is positioned between the third and fourth lenses.
[0026] In some possible implementations, the optical aperture of the first reflector is larger than that of the second reflector. This design helps to reduce the size of the second reflector, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the optical turntable. This, in turn, facilitates the miniaturization and weight reduction of the space optical communication terminal.
[0027] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and the distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens.
[0028] The first reflecting mirror is positioned between the first and second lenses, and the second reflecting mirror is positioned between the third and fourth lenses; the first lens is located outside the first reflecting mirror, and the fourth lens is located outside the second reflecting mirror; the second and third lenses are positioned between the first and second reflecting mirrors.
[0029] The first motor is used to drive the first reflector and the first lens to rotate around the first axis, and the second motor is used to drive the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the first reflector, and the second reflector to rotate around the third axis.
[0030] In the optical turntable provided in this application, a specially designed optical antenna is used to achieve integration with the turntable body. While ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna and the turntable body are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna and the periscope optical path of the turntable body can be well integrated. This helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the size of the optical turntable, and improve the integration of the optical turntable.
[0031] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens.
[0032] The second reflector is positioned between the first and second lenses. The second, third, and fourth lenses are positioned outside the second reflector, and the first lens is positioned between the first and second reflectors.
[0033] The second motor is used to drive the first reflector, the second reflector, and the first lens to rotate around the third axis.
[0034] This design allows the optical antenna's optical path and the turntable's periscope optical path to be well integrated without affecting the functionality of the optical antenna and the turntable itself. This helps reduce space occupation, shrink the size of the optical turntable, and improve its integration.
[0035] On the other hand, since only the second reflector is set in the optical path of the optical antenna, and among the first, second, third and fourth lenses of the optical antenna, the first lens is set on the first axis, and the second, third and fourth lenses are set on the third axis, it is beneficial to reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna and the turntable body.
[0036] In some possible implementations, the distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens.
[0037] The second reflector is positioned between the third and fourth lenses, and the fourth lens is positioned outside the second reflector; the first, second, and third lenses are positioned between the first and second reflectors.
[0038] The second motor is used to drive the first reflector, the second reflector, the first lens, the second lens, and the third lens to rotate around the third axis.
[0039] This design allows the optical antenna's optical path and the turntable's periscope optical path to be well integrated without affecting the functionality of the optical antenna and the turntable itself. This helps reduce space occupation, shrink the size of the optical turntable, and improve its integration.
[0040] On the other hand, since only the second reflector is set in the optical path of the optical antenna, and among the first, second, third and fourth lenses of the optical antenna, the first, second and third lenses are set on the first axis and the fourth lens is set on the third axis, it is beneficial to reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna and the turntable body.
[0041] On the other hand, when the optical aperture size of the first and second reflectors is determined according to the beam aperture at their respective locations, the beam aperture at the location of the second reflector in the above design is smaller, which is beneficial to further reduce the optical aperture of the second reflector and reduce its weight.
[0042] In some possible implementations, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector.
[0043] The second motor is used to drive the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the first reflector, and the second reflector to rotate around the third axis.
[0044] This design allows the optical antenna's optical path and the turntable's periscope optical path to be well integrated without affecting the functionality of the optical antenna and the turntable itself. This helps reduce space occupation, shrink the size of the optical turntable, and improve its integration.
[0045] On the other hand, since both the first and second reflectors are located outside the antenna optical path, the first, second, third, and fourth lenses of the optical antenna are all set on the same optical axis; therefore, it is beneficial to further reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna and the turntable body.
[0046] On the other hand, when the optical aperture size of the first and second reflectors is determined according to the beam aperture at their respective locations, the beam aperture at the location of the second reflector in the above design is smaller, which is beneficial to further reduce the optical aperture of the second reflector and reduce its weight.
[0047] In some possible implementations, the first motor has a first cavity extending along a first axis, and the second motor has a second cavity extending along a third axis.
[0048] At least one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens is disposed in the first cavity, and / or at least one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens is disposed in the second cavity.
[0049] This design helps to further reduce the size of the optical turntable.
[0050] In some possible implementations, both the first and second reflectors are positioned at a 45-degree angle relative to the first axis. This design facilitates two-dimensional scanning of the optical turntable in orthogonal directions.
[0051] Thirdly, an optical system is provided for use in a space optical communication terminal, comprising a coarse tracking system and a fine tracking system. The coarse tracking system includes an optical turntable as described in any one of the second aspects. The coarse tracking module captures a target beam through the optical turntable and performs beam reduction on the target beam. The fine tracking module receives the target beam after beam reduction by the optical turntable and tracks and aims at the target beam.
[0052] Fourthly, a space optical communication terminal is provided, comprising a communication system and the optical system described in the third aspect. The optical system is used to establish a communication link with a peer space optical communication terminal; the communication system is used to transmit and receive signal light through the optical system.
[0053] The technical effects achievable by the optical system and space optical communication terminal provided in this application are the same as those achievable by the optical turntable described in the second aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description
[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a space optical communication terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an ATP system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a coarse tracking system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a precision tracking system provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical turntable provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the periscope optical path in a turntable body provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0060] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical turntable in Figure 5;
[0062] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of another optical turntable provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0063] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of another optical turntable provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0064] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of another optical turntable provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.
[0066] In the following embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive convenience only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0067] In the embodiments of this application, "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are not limited to the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms can be relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.
[0068] In the embodiments of this application, unless the context otherwise requires, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open and encompassing throughout the specification and claims, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "exemplarily," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0069] As used herein, “about,” “approximately,” or “approximately” includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from the given value, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of the given quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).
[0070] As used herein, “parallel,” “perpendicular,” and “equal” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable deviation range, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism can be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, within 5°; “equal” includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate equality can be, for example, a difference between the two equals being equal to or less than 5% of either one.
[0071] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.
[0072] Exemplary embodiments are described in this application with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views and / or equivalent circuit diagrams, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Thus, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. For example, etched regions shown as rectangular would typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the regions of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.
[0073] This application provides a space optical communication terminal that enables optical communication in free space, including air-to-air, air-to-ground, ground-to-ground, space-to-ground, and inter-satellite communication. As shown in Figure 1, the space optical communication terminal 1000 includes a communication system 200 and an optical system 100. The communication system 200 is used to generate optical signals through electro-optical conversion and to convert the received optical signals into electrical signals through photoelectric conversion.
[0074] In the space optical communication terminal 1000 provided in this application embodiment, the optical system 100 is also referred to as the ATP system, which is a collective term for the Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing systems. A communication link can be established between two space optical communication terminals 1000 through the ATP system 100. After the communication link is established, the communication system 200 in the space optical communication terminal 1000 can transmit and receive optical signals through the communication link, thereby realizing the communication function.
[0075] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the ATP system 100 may include a coarse tracking system 110 and a fine tracking system 120. The coarse tracking system 110, also known as the acquisition system, includes an optical turntable 1, a coarse tracking detector 111, and a coarse tracking controller 112, etc.; it is used to scan and acquire the target beam within a large field of view, thereby providing initial guidance for fine tracking. Here, the target beam can be the signal light generated by the communication system 200 or the beacon light generated by the beacon light transmitter. The fine tracking system 120, also known as the tracking and aiming system, includes a fast-reflecting mirror (also known as a fast-control mirror or galvanometer) 121, a fine tracking detector 122, and a fine tracking controller 123, etc.; it is used to track and aim at the target beam after the coarse tracking system 110 has acquired it, thereby establishing a communication link.
[0076] This application provides an optical turntable 1, which can be applied to the coarse tracking system 110 provided in the above embodiments. As shown in FIG5, the optical turntable 1 includes a turntable body 10 and an optical antenna 11 integrated in the turntable body 10. The turntable body 10 is a periscope-type two-dimensional turntable, including a first reflector 3, a second reflector 8, a first motor 5, a second motor 6, a mounting base (not shown in FIG5), a first mounting structure (not shown in FIG5), and a second mounting structure (not shown in FIG5).
[0077] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 are arranged opposite each other to form a double-folded periscope optical path. For ease of description, the central axis of the optical path between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 is referred to as the first axis L1, the central axis of the optical path outside the first reflector 3 is referred to as the second axis L2, and the central axis of the optical path outside the second reflector 8 is referred to as the third axis L3. The second axis L2 and the third axis L3 are parallel, and the first axis L1, the second axis L2, and the third axis L3 are coplanar. The angles between the first axis L1 and the second axis L2, and the angles between the first axis L1 and the third axis L3, can be determined according to the actual product.
[0078] In this embodiment, the first axis L1 and the second axis L2 are perpendicular, and the third axis L3 is perpendicular to the first axis L1. That is, the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 are tilted at 45 degrees relative to each other, the angle between the first axis L1 and the second axis L2 is 90 degrees, and the angle between the first axis L1 and the third axis L3 is 90 degrees.
[0079] Please continue referring to Figures 5 and 6. In this turntable body 10, a first reflector 3 is mounted on a first mounting structure, which includes a mounting bracket for mounting and fixing the first reflector 3. The first mounting structure is rotatably mounted on a second mounting structure about a first axis L1, and the rotation center of the first reflector 3 mounted on the first mounting structure coincides with the first axis L1. A first motor 5 is mounted on the second mounting structure and connected to the first mounting structure, used to drive the first mounting structure to rotate relative to the second mounting structure about the first axis L1. During the rotation of the second mounting structure about the first axis L1, the first reflector 3 is driven to rotate about the first axis L1.
[0080] The second reflector 8 is mounted on a second mounting structure, which includes a mounting bracket for mounting and fixing the second reflector 8. The second mounting structure is rotatably mounted on a mounting base about a third axis L3. The rotation center of the second reflector 8 mounted on the second mounting structure coincides with the first axis L1, and it is positioned opposite the first reflector 3 along the first axis L1 to form a periscope optical path. A second motor 6 is mounted on the mounting base and connected to the second mounting structure, used to drive the second mounting structure to rotate about the third axis L3. During the rotation of the second mounting structure about the third axis L3, the second reflector 8 rotates about the third axis L3, simultaneously driving the first motor 5, the first mounting structure, and the first reflector 3 to rotate about the third axis L3.
[0081] In addition, the first motor 5 has a first cavity that runs through the first axis L1, and the second motor 6 has a second cavity that runs through the third axis L3. By setting the first cavity and the second cavity, the periscope optical path can be allowed to pass smoothly through the first motor 5 and the second motor 6.
[0082] As described above, in the turntable body 10, the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 8 form a periscope optical path capable of folding the optical path twice. The first reflecting mirror 3 can rotate around the first axis L1 under the drive of the first motor 5, and the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 8 can rotate around the third axis L3 under the drive of the second motor 6. The first axis L1 and the second axis L2 are perpendicular and coplanar. Therefore, it can be seen that under the drive of the first motor 5 and the second motor 6, the orientation of the first reflecting mirror 3 in the periscope optical path can be adjusted in an orthogonal direction, and the normal operation of the periscope optical path is ensured during the adjustment process, thereby achieving the purpose of two-dimensional scanning.
[0083] In some embodiments, the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 may both be on the mounting base. The first motor 5 drives the first reflector 3 to rotate around the first axis L1 through a transmission mechanism. In this case, the first motor 5 may not rotate with the first reflector 3 around the third axis L3.
[0084] In other embodiments, the rotation of the first reflector 3 about the first axis L1 and the third axis L3, and the rotation of the second reflector 8 about the third axis L3, can be achieved by a second motor 6 and a transmission mechanism.
[0085] The following will illustrate the scheme by taking the example of the first motor 5 driving the first reflector 3 to rotate around the first axis L1, and the second motor 6 driving the first reflector 3, the second reflector 8 and the first motor 5 to rotate around the third axis L3.
[0086] Referring to Figure 5, the optical turntable 1 provided in this embodiment also includes an optical antenna 11 integrated into the turntable body 10. This optical antenna 11 is used for transmitting and receiving optical signals (e.g., signal light and beacon light). Specifically, when transmitting an optical signal, the signal to be transmitted is transmitted into free space through the optical antenna 11. The optical antenna 11 collimates and expands the beam, compressing the beam divergence angle; it expands the beam with a smaller aperture at the entrance pupil into a beam with a larger aperture at the exit pupil. When receiving an optical signal, the signal to be received in free space is transmitted inward (e.g., to the precision tracking system 120) through the optical antenna 11. The optical antenna 11 converges and narrows the beam, expanding the divergence angle; it narrows the beam with a larger aperture at the entrance pupil into a beam with a smaller aperture at the exit pupil. Therefore, the optical antenna 11 can be understood as an optical beam narrowing (expanding) system.
[0087] To better integrate the optical antenna 11 with the turntable body 10, this embodiment of the application also provides an optical antenna 11, as shown in FIG7. This optical antenna 11 is a transmissive optical antenna, which is an optical beam-shrinking system modeled after a telescope system, including a first lens group 12 and a second lens group 13 arranged on the antenna's optical axis. The first lens group 12 is closer to free space than the second lens group 13. The first lens group 12 serves as the objective lens of the telescope system, and the second lens group 13 serves as the eyepiece of the telescope system. The beam-shrinking ratio of this optical antenna 11 can be determined according to the actual application scenario, for example, it can be 5 times to 20 times. Here, the beam-shrinking ratio is the focal length ratio of the first lens group 12 (objective lens) and the second lens group 13 (eyepiece), which can also be considered as the ratio of the larger to the smaller beam aperture at the entrance pupil and exit pupil of the optical antenna 11.
[0088] Referring to Figure 7, the first lens group 12 includes a first lens 2 and a second lens 4 arranged on the antenna optical axis, and the second lens group 13 includes a third lens 9 and a fourth lens 7 arranged on the antenna optical axis. The first lens 2 is closer to free space than the second lens 4, the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 are close to each other, and the third lens 9 is closer to free space than the fourth lens 7. Therefore, from free space to the interior of the space optical communication terminal 1000, the optical antenna 11 is arranged in the antenna optical path in the order of the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7. When transmitting an optical signal, the optical signal to be transmitted generated by the space optical communication terminal 1000 enters the optical antenna 11 through the fourth lens 7, then propagates along the antenna optical axis, and finally is transmitted into free space through the first lens 2. When receiving an optical signal, the optical signal to be received in free space enters the optical antenna 11 through the first lens 2, then propagates along the antenna optical axis, and finally is output to the interior of the space optical communication terminal 1000 through the fourth lens 7.
[0089] The optical antenna 11 provided in this application embodiment can be a Galilean telescope system, a Kepler telescope system, or other types of telescope systems. The first lens 2 and the second lens 4 in the first lens group 12 can be either a telephoto architecture or an anti-telephoto architecture; the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 in the second lens group 13 can be either a telephoto architecture or an anti-telephoto architecture.
[0090] Because the Galilean telescope is more compact than the Keplerian telescope, and because the telephoto architecture has a shorter imaging distance (the focal plane is closer to the lens) than the anti-telephoto architecture, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the optical antenna 11 uses the Galilean telescope system, with the first lens group 12 having positive optical power and the second lens group 13 having negative optical power. Both the first lens group 12 and the second lens group 13 employ a telephoto architecture. The combined focal length of the first lens group 12 is greater than the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 on the antenna optical axis, and the combined focal length of the second lens group 13 is greater than the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 on the antenna optical axis. The focal plane (real plane) of the first lens group 12 and the focal plane (real plane) of the second lens group 13 coincide on the side of the second lens group 13 away from the first lens group 12. This design allows the size of the optical antenna 11 on the antenna optical axis to be as small as possible, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the overall structure.
[0091] In other embodiments, referring to Figure 7, in the telescope system used by the optical antenna 11, the first lens group 12 has negative optical power, and the second lens group 13 has positive optical power; this telescope system can be understood as an inverse model of the Galilean telescope system. Both the first lens group 12 and the second lens group 13 adopt a telephoto architecture. The combined focal length of the first lens group 12 is greater than the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 on the antenna optical axis, and the combined focal length of the second lens group 13 is greater than the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 on the antenna optical axis. The focal plane (virtual plane) of the first lens group 12 and the focal plane (real plane) of the second lens group 13 coincide on the side of the first lens group 12 away from the second lens group 13. This design allows the size of the optical antenna 11 on the antenna optical axis to be as small as possible, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the overall structure.
[0092] Referring again to Figure 7, in some embodiments, the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens 2. That is, the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 is slightly less than, equal to, or greater than the optical aperture of the first lens 2. Here, the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 refers to the distance between them on the antenna's optical axis, i.e., the optical path length in the antenna's optical path; it is represented by D1 in Figure 7. For example, the optical aperture of the first lens 2 is 100 mm, and the distance D1 can be from 80 mm to 120 mm. With this design, when a 45-degree tilted reflector is placed between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4, a reflector with an optical aperture sufficient to reflect all light beams passing through the optical aperture range of the first lens 2 to the second lens 4 can be positioned.
[0093] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens 9. That is, the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 is slightly less than, equal to, or greater than the optical aperture of the third lens 9. Here, the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 refers to the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 on the antenna optical axis, that is, the distance in the antenna optical path; it is represented by D2 in FIG. 7. For example, the optical aperture of the third lens 9 is 60mm, and the distance D2 can be 50mm to 80mm. With this design, when a reflector tilted at 45 degrees is placed between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7, a reflector with an optical aperture sufficient to reflect all light beams passing through the optical aperture range of the third lens 9 to the fourth lens 7 can be placed.
[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens 2, and the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens 9. The effects achievable with this design can be found above and will not be repeated here.
[0095] As described above, the optical antenna 11 is an optical beam-shrinking system modeled after a telescope system. The aperture of the beam varies at different positions within the antenna's optical path. For example, the beam aperture is larger near free space and smaller further away. Therefore, in the optical antenna 11 provided in this embodiment, the optical aperture of the lens can be determined based on its position within the antenna's optical path; that is, the optical aperture of the lens can be determined based on the beam aperture at its location. This allows for a reduction in the size and overall weight of the optical antenna 11 without affecting its performance.
[0096] Specifically, in some embodiments, the optical aperture of the first lens 2 is larger than that of the second lens 4. For example, the optical aperture of the first lens 2 is 100 mm, and the optical aperture of the second lens 4 is 40 mm. In some embodiments, the optical aperture of the second lens 4 is greater than or equal to the optical aperture of the third lens 9, and the optical aperture of the third lens 9 is greater than that of the fourth lens 7. For example, the optical apertures of both the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 are 40 mm, and the optical aperture of the fourth lens 7 is 15 mm.
[0097] In some embodiments, the ratio of the optical aperture of the first lens 2 to the fourth lens 7 is 0.5 to 1.2 times the beam-shrink ratio of the optical antenna 11. For example, the beam-shrink ratio of the optical antenna 11 is 10 times, the optical aperture of the first lens 2 is 100 mm, and the optical aperture of the fourth lens 7 is 15 mm.
[0098] In some embodiments, the beam-shrinkage ratio of the optical antenna 11 is 10 to 20 times, the optical aperture of the first lens 2 is 50 mm to 100 mm, and the optical aperture of the fourth lens 7 is 2 mm to 20 mm.
[0099] In the optical antenna 11 provided in the above embodiment, the optical aperture size of the lens is determined according to the position of the lens in the antenna optical path. This can reduce the volume occupied by the optical antenna 11 and reduce the overall weight of the optical antenna 11 without affecting its performance, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the optical antenna 11.
[0100] It should be noted that although the above embodiments describe the structure of the optical antenna 11 using two lens groups and each lens group including two lenses as examples, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. For example, in actual products, based on considerations such as improving optical performance, more lens groups may be set on the basis of the above design; or more lenses may be set in the lens groups on the basis of the above design.
[0101] The different optical antennas 11 provided in the embodiments of this application may have different integration methods with the turntable body 10. Several integration methods of optical antennas 11 and turntable body 10 will be described exemplarily below.
[0102] As shown in Figures 5 and 8, an optical turntable 1 provided in this embodiment includes a turntable body 10 and an optical antenna 11 integrated in the turntable body 10. The optical antenna 11 adopts the design in the above embodiment, and the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens 2, and the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens 9.
[0103] When the turntable body 10 is integrated with the optical antenna 11, the first reflector 3 in the turntable body 10 is positioned between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4, and the second reflector 8 is positioned between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7. That is, the first lens 2 is positioned outside the first reflector 3, the fourth lens 7 is positioned outside the second reflector 8, and the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 are located between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8. In this text, "outside the first reflector 3" refers to the side of the first reflector 3 furthest from the second reflector 8 in the periscope optical path, that is, the side of the first reflector 3 closest to free space. Similarly, "outside the second reflector 8" refers to the side of the second reflector 8 furthest from the first reflector 3 in the periscope optical path, that is, the side of the second reflector 8 furthest from free space.
[0104] The first lens 2, located outside the first reflector 3, is mounted on the first mounting structure. After installation, the optical axis of the first lens 2 coincides with the second axis L2. The first motor 5 can drive the first reflector 3 and the first lens 2 to rotate together around the first axis L1 through the first mounting structure.
[0105] The second lens 4 and the third lens 9, located between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8, can both be mounted on the first mounting structure, or both on the second mounting structure, or the second lens 4 can be mounted on the first mounting structure and the third lens 9 on the second mounting structure. After mounting, the optical axes of the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 coincide with the first axis L1. The second motor 6 can drive the first reflector 3, the second reflector 8, the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the first motor 5 to rotate around the third axis L3 via the second mounting structure.
[0106] When the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 are mounted on the first mounting structure, they will also rotate around the first axis L1 under the drive of the first motor 5.
[0107] The fourth lens 7, located outside the second reflector 8, can be mounted on the second mounting structure or on the mounting base. When mounted on the second mounting structure, the optical axis of the fourth lens 7 coincides with the third axis L3. When the fourth lens 7 is mounted on the second mounting structure, it also rotates around the third axis L3 under the drive of the second motor 6. When the fourth lens 7 is mounted on the mounting base, it can also be designed to remain stationary.
[0108] In the optical turntable 1 provided in the above embodiment, a specially designed optical antenna 11 is used to integrate with the turntable body 10. On the basis of ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10 are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna 11 and the periscope optical path of the turntable body 10 can be well integrated together, which helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the volume of the optical turntable 1, and improve the integration of the optical turntable 1.
[0109] In some embodiments, the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 8 can be designed with different optical apertures depending on the aperture of the beam at their respective positions; that is, the optical aperture of the first reflecting mirror 3 is larger than that of the second reflecting mirror 8. For example, the optical aperture of the first reflecting mirror 3 is 110 mm, and the optical aperture of the second reflecting mirror 8 is 45 mm. This design helps to reduce the overall volume and weight of the optical turntable 1, thereby contributing to its miniaturization and weight reduction.
[0110] In addition, the size of the optical aperture of the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 will also affect the size and specifications of the first motor 5 and the second motor 6. Reducing the optical aperture of the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 will help to reduce the size of the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 and reduce their weight; thereby helping to reduce the overall volume of the optical turntable 1 and reduce its weight.
[0111] In some embodiments, the optical apertures of the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 8 can also be determined based on the aperture of the beam at their respective positions. For example, when the first axis L1 and the second axis L2 are perpendicular, the first axis L1 is perpendicular to the third axis L3, and the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 8 are set at a 45-degree angle, the optical aperture of the first reflecting mirror 3 is equal to or substantially equal to the optical aperture of the first lens 2. The optical aperture of the second reflecting mirror 8 is equal to or substantially equal to that of the optical aperture of the third lens 9. The ratio of the larger to the smaller is equal to or less than 120% when the two are not equal. This design helps to further reduce the overall volume and weight of the optical turntable 1, thereby facilitating its miniaturization and weight reduction.
[0112] This application also provides another optical turntable 1, as shown in FIG9. The optical turntable 1 includes a turntable body 10 and an optical antenna 11 integrated within the turntable body 10. The optical antenna 11 adopts the design described in the above embodiment, and the distance between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens 2. When the turntable body 10 and the optical antenna 11 are integrated, a second reflector 8 is disposed between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4, and the first lens 2 is located between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8. The first lens 2 can be mounted on a first mounting structure or a second mounting structure. After mounting, the optical axis of the first lens 2 coincides with the first axis L1.
[0113] The second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 in the optical antenna 11 are disposed outside the second reflector 8. The second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 can all be mounted on the second mounting structure, or all of them can be mounted on the mounting base, or they can be partially mounted on the second mounting structure and partially mounted on the mounting base. After installation, the optical axes of the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 all coincide with the third axis L3.
[0114] During operation, the first motor 5 drives the first reflector 3 to rotate around the first axis L1, and the second motor 6 drives the first reflector 3, the second reflector 8, the first lens 2, and the first motor 5 to rotate around the third axis L3. When the first lens 2 is mounted on the first mounting structure, it also rotates around the first axis L1 under the drive of the first motor 5. When the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 are mounted on the second mounting structure, they also rotate around the third axis L3 under the drive of the second motor 6; when the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 are mounted on the mounting base, they can also be designed not to rotate.
[0115] In the optical turntable 1 provided in the above embodiment, a specially designed optical antenna 11 is used to integrate with the turntable body 10. On the basis of ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10 are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna 11 and the periscope optical path of the turntable body 10 can be well integrated together, which helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the volume of the optical turntable 1, and improve the integration of the optical turntable 1.
[0116] In addition, since only the second reflector 8 is arranged in the optical path of the optical antenna 11, and in the first lens 2, second lens 4, third lens 9 and fourth lens 7 of the optical antenna 11, the first lens 2 is arranged on the first axis L1, and the second lens 4, third lens 9 and fourth lens 7 are arranged on the third axis L3, it is beneficial to reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10.
[0117] This application also provides another optical turntable 1, as shown in FIG10. The optical turntable 1 includes a turntable body 10 and an optical antenna 11 integrated in the turntable body 10. The optical antenna 11 adopts the design in the above embodiment, and the distance between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens 9. When the turntable body 10 and the optical antenna 11 are integrated, the second reflector 8 is disposed between the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7, with the fourth lens 7 located outside the second reflector 8. The first lens 2, the second lens 4, and the third lens 9 are disposed between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8.
[0118] The fourth lens 7 can be mounted on the second mounting structure or on the mounting base. After installation, the optical axis of the fourth lens 7 coincides with the third axis L3.
[0119] The first lens 2, the second lens 4, and the third lens 9 can all be mounted on the first mounting structure, or all of them can be mounted on the second mounting structure, or they can be partially mounted on the first mounting structure and partially mounted on the second mounting structure. After installation, the optical axes of the first lens 2, the second lens 4, and the third lens 9 all coincide with the third axis L3.
[0120] During operation, the first motor 5 drives the first reflector 3 to rotate around the second axis L2, and the second motor 6 drives the first reflector 3, the second reflector 8, the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the first motor 5 to rotate around the third axis L3. When the first lens 2, the second lens 4, and the third lens 9 are mounted on the first mounting structure, they will also rotate around the first axis L1 under the drive of the first motor 5. When the fourth lens 7 is mounted on the second mounting structure, it will also rotate around the third axis L3 under the drive of the second motor 6; when the fourth lens 7 is mounted on the mounting base, it can also be designed not to rotate.
[0121] In the optical turntable 1 provided in the above embodiment, a specially designed optical antenna 11 is used to integrate with the turntable body 10. On the basis of ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10 are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna 11 and the periscope optical path of the turntable body 10 can be well integrated together, which helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the volume of the optical turntable 1, and improve the integration of the optical turntable 1.
[0122] In addition, since only the second reflector 8 is in the optical path of the optical antenna 11, and in the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 of the optical antenna 11, the first lens 2, the second lens 4 and the third lens 9 are set on the first axis L1 and the fourth lens 7 is set on the third axis L3, it is beneficial to reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10.
[0123] Furthermore, when the optical aperture size of the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 is determined according to the beam aperture at their respective locations, the optical aperture of the beam at the location of the second reflector 8 in the above design is smaller, which is beneficial to further reduce the optical aperture of the second reflector 8 and reduce the weight of the second reflector 8.
[0124] This application also provides another optical turntable 1, as shown in FIG11. The optical turntable 1 includes a turntable body 10 and an optical antenna 11 integrated in the turntable body 10, wherein the optical antenna 11 adopts the design in the above embodiment. When the turntable body 10 and the optical antenna 11 are integrated, the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 are disposed between the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8.
[0125] The first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 can be mounted on the first mounting structure or the second mounting structure; they can also be partially mounted on the first mounting structure and partially mounted on the second mounting structure. After installation, the optical axes of the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 all coincide with the first axis L1.
[0126] During operation, the first motor 5 drives the first reflector 3 to rotate around the second axis L2, and the second motor 6 drives the first reflector 3, the second reflector 8, the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, the fourth lens 7, and the first motor 5 to rotate around the third axis L3. When the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9, and the fourth lens 7 are mounted on the first mounting structure, they will also rotate around the first axis L1 under the drive of the first motor 5.
[0127] In the optical turntable 1 provided in the above embodiment, a specially designed optical antenna 11 is used to integrate with the turntable body 10. On the basis of ensuring that the functions of the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10 are not affected, the antenna optical path of the optical antenna 11 and the periscope optical path of the turntable body 10 can be well integrated together, which helps to reduce space occupation, reduce the volume of the optical turntable 1, and improve the integration of the optical turntable 1.
[0128] In addition, since the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 are both located outside the antenna optical path, the first lens 2, the second lens 4, the third lens 9 and the fourth lens 7 of the optical antenna 11 are all set on the same optical axis; therefore, it is beneficial to further reduce the requirements for assembly and adjustment accuracy when integrating the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10.
[0129] Furthermore, when the optical aperture size of the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 8 is determined according to the beam aperture at their respective locations, the beam aperture at the location of the second reflector 8 in the above design is smaller, which is beneficial to further reduce the optical aperture of the second reflector 8 and reduce the weight of the second reflector 8.
[0130] In some embodiments, the lens in the optical antenna 11 and the reflector in the periscope optical path can be disposed in the first cavity of the first motor 5 and the second space of the second motor 6, thereby facilitating a further reduction in the volume of the optical turntable 1.
[0131] As can be seen from the above description, in the optical turntable 1 provided in the embodiments of this application, the optical antenna 11 and the turntable body 10 can be well integrated together, which is beneficial to reduce space occupation and reduce the volume of the optical turntable 1, thereby reducing the overall volume of the space optical communication terminal 1000 using the optical turntable 1, and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the space optical communication terminal 1000.
[0132] Furthermore, the volume of the optical turntable 1 can be further reduced by adjusting the optical aperture of the lens in the optical antenna 11 and the optical aperture of the reflector in the periscope optical path, which can also effectively reduce the weight of the optical turntable 1. This helps to reduce the overall weight of the space optical communication terminal 1000 that uses this optical turntable 1, and is beneficial to the lightweighting of the space optical communication terminal 1000.
[0133] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An optical antenna, characterized in that, The optical antenna includes a first lens group and a second lens group, which together form an optical beam-constriction system. The first lens group includes a first lens and a second lens, and the second lens group includes a third lens and a fourth lens, with the second lens and the third lens close to each other; Wherein, the distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and / or, the distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens.
2. The optical antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical aperture of the first lens is larger than that of the second lens.
3. The optical antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical aperture of the second lens is greater than or equal to the optical aperture of the third lens, and the optical aperture of the third lens is greater than the optical aperture of the fourth lens.
4. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the optical aperture of the first lens to that of the fourth lens is equal to 0.5 to 1.2 times the beam-shrink ratio of the optical antenna.
5. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first lens has an optical aperture of 50mm to 100mm, and the fourth lens has an optical aperture of 2mm to 20mm.
6. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The beam-shrinkage ratio of the optical antenna is 5 to 20 times.
7. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optical antenna is an optical beam-shrinking system modeled after a telescope system, the first lens group is the objective lens in the telescope system, and the second lens group is the eyepiece in the telescope system; One of the first lens group and the second lens group has positive optical power, and the other has negative optical power.
8. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Both the first lens group and the second lens group adopt a telephoto architecture.
9. The optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The optical antenna is installed in the space optical communication terminal; The optical antenna is used to receive a light signal to be received in free space through the first lens, and output the light signal to be received to the space optical communication terminal through the fourth lens after beam contraction. It is also used to receive a signal to be transmitted from the space optical communication terminal through the fourth lens, and transmit the signal to be transmitted into free space after beam expansion through the first lens.
10. An optical turntable, characterized in that, The optical turntable includes a turntable body and an optical antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; wherein the turntable body includes a first reflector, a second reflector, a first motor, and a second motor; The first reflector and the second reflector are arranged opposite to each other to form a periscope optical path. The central axis of the optical path between the first reflector and the second reflector is the first axis, the central axis of the optical path outside the first reflector is the second axis, and the central axis of the optical path outside the second reflector is the third axis. The first motor is used to drive the first reflector to rotate around the first axis; The second motor is used to drive the first and second reflectors to rotate about the third axis; The optical antenna is integrated into the turntable body, and at least one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens of the optical antenna is disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector.
11. The optical turntable according to claim 10, characterized in that, The distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and one of the first reflector and the second reflector is disposed between the first lens and the second lens.
12. The optical turntable according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens, and one of the first reflector and the second reflector is disposed between the third lens and the fourth lens.
13. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, The optical aperture of the first reflector is larger than that of the second reflector.
14. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens, and the distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens; The first reflector is disposed between the first lens and the second lens, and the second reflector is located between the third lens and the fourth lens; the first lens is located outside the first reflector, the fourth lens is located outside the second reflector, and the second lens and the third lens are located between the first reflector and the second reflector. The first motor is used to drive the first reflector and the first lens to rotate around the first axis, and the second motor is used to drive the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the first reflector, and the second reflector to rotate around the third axis.
15. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The distance between the first lens and the second lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the first lens; The second reflector is disposed between the first lens and the second lens, and the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are disposed outside the second reflector. The first lens is located between the first reflector and the second reflector. The second motor is used to drive the first reflector, the second reflector, and the first lens to rotate around the third axis.
16. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is greater than 0.8 times the optical aperture of the third lens; The second reflector is disposed between the third lens and the fourth lens, and the fourth lens is disposed outside the second reflector; The first lens, the second lens, and the third lens are disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector; The second motor is used to drive the first reflector, the second reflector, the first lens, the second lens, and the third lens to rotate around the third axis.
17. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that, The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are all disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector; The second motor is used to drive the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the first reflector, and the second reflector to rotate around the third axis.
18. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that, The first motor has a first cavity extending along the first axis, and the second motor has a second cavity extending along the third axis; At least one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens is disposed in the first cavity, and / or at least one of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens is disposed in the second cavity.
19. The optical turntable according to any one of claims 10 to 18, characterized in that, Both the first reflector and the second reflector are set at a 45-degree angle relative to the first axis.
20. An optical system applied to a space optical communication terminal; characterized in that, The optical system includes: A coarse tracking system, comprising an optical turntable as described in any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein the coarse tracking module captures a target beam via the optical turntable and performs beam reduction on the target beam; and A precision tracking system, wherein the precision tracking module is used to receive the target beam after it has been narrowed by the optical turntable, and to track and aim at the target beam.
21. A space optical communication terminal, characterized in that, The space optical communication terminal includes a communication system and an optical system as described in claim 20; The optical system is used to establish a communication link with the peer space optical communication terminal. The communication system is used to transmit and receive signal light through the optical system.