Display panel and display device

Abstract

A display panel and a display device, relating to the technical field of display. The display panel comprises a base substrate (101), and a pixel defining layer (120), a plurality of sub-pixels, a first dimming functional layer (210), a second dimming functional layer (220), a third dimming functional layer (230) and a fourth dimming functional layer (240), which are disposed on the base substrate (101). The second dimming functional layer (220) is at least partially located in a first groove (211) on the first dimming functional layer (210), and the refractive index of the second dimming functional layer (220) is greater than the refractive index of the first dimming functional layer (210). The fourth dimming functional layer (240) is at least partially located in a second groove (231) on the third dimming functional layer (230), and the refractive index of the fourth dimming functional layer (240) is greater than the refractive index of the third dimming functional layer (230).

Description

Display panel and display device Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510065414.0, filed January 15, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of display technology, electroluminescent devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) have many advantages such as self-luminescence, high brightness, high contrast, fast response speed, wide viewing angle, simple structure, and flexible display, and are widely used in display products. SUMMARY

[0004] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display panel and a display device, which are beneficial to improve the display brightness in a specified viewing angle direction.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a display panel is provided, comprising: a substrate; a pixel definition layer and a plurality of sub-pixels, disposed on one side of the substrate, the pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of pixel openings, and the sub-pixels are disposed at the pixel openings; a first light modulation functional layer, disposed on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate, a first recess is disposed on a side of the first light modulation functional layer away from the substrate, a normal projection of the pixel opening on the substrate is located within a normal projection range of a bottom surface of the first recess on the substrate, and the first recess has a first side surface and a second side surface oppositely disposed in a first direction; a second light modulation functional layer, at least partially located in the first recess and in contact with the first side surface and the second side surface, a refractive index of the second light modulation functional layer is greater than a refractive index of the first light modulation functional layer; a third light modulation functional layer, disposed on a side of the first light modulation functional layer and the second light modulation functional layer away from the substrate, a second recess is disposed on a side of the third light modulation functional layer away from the substrate, the second recess has a third side surface disposed close to the first side surface, a normal projection of the third side surface on the substrate is located within the normal projection range of the bottom surface of the first recess on the substrate, and a normal projection of the first side surface on the substrate is located within a normal projection range of a bottom surface of the second recess on the substrate; and a fourth light modulation functional layer, at least partially located in the second recess and in contact with the third side surface of the second recess, a refractive index of the fourth light modulation functional layer is greater than a refractive index of the third light modulation functional layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, a distance between a top end of the side surface of the first groove and a central axis of the bottom surface of the first groove is greater than or equal to a distance between a bottom end of the side surface of the first groove and the central axis; an angle of slope of the side surface of the first groove is 80-90 degrees; and a depth of the first groove is substantially the same as a thickness of the first light-adjusting functional layer in a direction perpendicular to the substrate.

[0007] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, a distance between a top end of the third side surface and a central axis of the bottom surface of the second groove is greater than or equal to a distance between a bottom end of the third side surface and the central axis; and an angle of slope of the first side surface is 80-90 degrees.

[0008] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, the second groove is provided in a plurality of forms, and the plurality of second grooves are arranged at intervals, each of the second grooves being arranged in correspondence with one of the first grooves; or the third light-adjusting functional layer comprises a plurality of light-adjusting portions arranged at intervals, and a projection of the bottom surface of the second groove on the substrate is a meshed region.

[0009] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, a third groove is further arranged on a side of the third light-adjusting functional layer away from the substrate, the third groove is arranged at intervals with the second groove in the first direction, the third groove has a fifth side surface and a sixth side surface arranged oppositely in the first direction, the fifth side surface is located between the third side surface and the sixth side surface, a projection of the fifth side surface on the substrate is located within a projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate; and the fourth light-adjusting functional layer is at least partially located in the third groove and in contact with the sixth side surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, a depth of the second groove is greater than or equal to a depth of the third groove.

[0011] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, an angle of slope of the fifth side surface is less than an angle of slope of the sixth side surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the third light-adjusting functional layer includes a first light-adjusting structure and a plurality of second light-adjusting structures. The first light-adjusting structure has a plurality of open regions arranged at intervals, and each open region is provided with one second groove and one third groove. The second light-adjusting structure is located in the open region, blocks the second groove and the third groove, and is arranged at intervals with the first light-adjusting structure. The side of the first light-adjusting structure facing the second groove is the fourth side of the second groove, and the fourth side is arranged opposite to the third side. The side of the first light-adjusting structure facing the third groove is the sixth side of the third groove. The side of the second light-adjusting structure facing the second groove is the third side of the second groove, and the side facing the third groove is the fifth side of the third groove. The second groove and the third groove arranged at the same open region are communicated at the first side and the second side of the second light-adjusting structure, and the first side and the second side are two sides opposite in the second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the lower end of the pixel opening is projected on the substrate as a first projection area, the bottom end of the first side is projected on the substrate as a first projection line, and the bottom end of the third side is projected on the substrate as a second projection line. Part of the boundary line of the first projection area is located between the first projection line and the second projection line.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distance between the second projection line and the first projection line is less than the distance between the second projection line and the center point of the first projection area.

[0015] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a touch structure layer arranged on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. The touch structure layer includes a first cover layer, a first touch metal layer, a second cover layer, and a second touch metal layer arranged in the direction away from the substrate. The second cover layer is provided with a via hole, and a first connection end in the second touch metal layer is electrically connected to a second connection end in the first touch metal layer through the via hole. The first light-adjusting functional layer includes the first cover layer or the second cover layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the touch structure layer further comprises a third cover layer disposed on a side of the second touch metal layer away from the substrate, covering at least part of the second touch metal layer. The first light modulation functional layer comprises the first cover layer, the third light modulation functional layer comprises the second cover layer and / or the third cover layer; or, the first light modulation functional layer comprises the second cover layer, and the third light modulation functional layer comprises the third cover layer.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the third light modulation functional layer comprises the second cover layer and the third cover layer, and the refractive index of the second cover layer and the third cover layer is less than the refractive index of the fourth light modulation functional layer. In a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the depth of the second groove is greater than the thickness of the second cover layer and less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the second cover layer and the third cover layer, and the fourth light modulation functional layer is in contact with the second cover layer and the third cover layer on the third side.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the display panel further comprises a light shielding layer and a color filter layer disposed on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, the light shielding layer comprises a plurality of light transmission openings, the pixel opening and the bottom surface of the first groove are in the range of the orthogonal projection of the light transmission opening on the substrate, and the color filter layer comprises a plurality of color filter portions, and the orthogonal projection of the color filter portion on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the light transmission opening on the substrate. The second light modulation functional layer comprises the color filter layer, the color filter portion is at least partially located in the first groove and in contact with the first side and the second side of the first groove, and the refractive index of the color filter portion is greater than the refractive index of the first light modulation functional layer.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the light shielding layer is disposed on a side of the third light modulation functional layer away from the substrate, and the fourth light modulation functional layer covers the second light modulation functional layer, the second groove, and the light shielding layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of light-transmitting openings includes a first light-transmitting opening and a second light-transmitting opening adjacent to each other in a first direction, a pixel opening exposed at the first light-transmitting opening is a first pixel opening, and a pixel opening exposed at the second light-transmitting opening is a second pixel opening. The light-shielding layer includes a first edge and a second edge oppositely arranged and adjacent to each other in the first direction, the first edge is close to a second side of the first groove at the first pixel opening, and the second edge is close to a first side of the first groove at the second pixel opening. A distance between a projection of the first edge on the substrate and a projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate is a first distance, and a distance between a projection of the second edge on the substrate and a projection of the second pixel opening on the substrate is a second distance, the first distance being less than the second distance.

[0021] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, the second groove further includes a fourth side oppositely arranged with the third side, and a projection of the fourth side on the substrate is located outside a projection range of a bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate. The light-shielding layer includes a main body portion and a ramp portion connected with the main body portion, the main body portion covering at least a partial region of the third light-adjusting functional layer on top of the pixel defining layer, and the ramp portion covering at least a partial region of the fourth side.

[0022] In some embodiments, in combination with the first aspect of the present disclosure, the display panel further includes an encapsulation layer arranged on a side of the first light-adjusting functional layer close to the pixel defining layer and configured to encapsulate the plurality of sub-pixels.

[0023] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a display device is provided, including the display panel provided by the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0024] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0026] FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG. 2 shows a pixel arrangement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG. 3 shows a structure of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG. 4 shows a top view of a first light-adjusting functional layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG. 5A shows a top view of a third light-adjusting functional layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG. 5B shows a top view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of an A1 region in FIG. 5B;

[0033] FIG. 6A shows a top view of a third light-adjusting functional layer according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 6B shows a top view of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of an A2 region in FIG. 6B;

[0036] FIG. 7 shows a structure of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 8A shows a top view of a first film layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG. 8B shows a top view of a second film layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG. 8C shows a top view of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 8D is an enlarged view of an A3 region in FIG. 8C;

[0041] FIG. 9 shows a structure of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG. 10A shows a top view of a second film layer according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG. 10B shows a top view of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG. 10C is an enlarged view of an A4 region in FIG. 10B;

[0045] FIG. 11 shows a structure of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG. 12 shows a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIGS. 13 to 18 respectively show structural schematic diagrams of display panels according to still some other embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0048] FIG. 19 shows a structural schematic diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present disclosure can be embodied in various forms without being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0050] It should be noted that the "and / or" appearing in the present document merely describes an associated relationship for associated objects, which means that there can exist three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean that there exist A alone, A and B together, and B alone. The phrase "at least one" includes one or more than one, and "multiple" includes two or more than two. The terms "comprise" or "include" or similar terms mean that the elements or objects appearing before the terms encompass the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like merely represent relative positional relationships, which can change when the absolute positions of the described objects change.

[0051] As used herein, "about" includes the recited value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from the particular value, as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement being discussed and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). "About the same" includes exactly the same and the same within the range of process error.

[0052] As used herein, “parallel” “perpendicular” “equal” “same” includes the recited condition and conditions approximating the recited condition within an acceptable deviation range, where the acceptable deviation range is determined by those of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement being discussed and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallel and near-parallel, where the acceptable deviation range for near-parallel can be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicular and near-perpendicular, where the acceptable deviation range for near-perpendicular can also be, for example, within 5°. “Equal” “same” includes absolute equality and near-equality, where the acceptable deviation range for near-equality can be, for example, a difference between the two that is less than or equal to 5% of either.

[0053] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being “on” another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers can also be present. “The orthographic projection of B is within the orthographic projection of A” means that the boundary of the orthographic projection of B falls within the boundary of the orthographic projection of A, or the boundary of the orthographic projection of A overlaps with the boundary of the orthographic projection of B. The bottom surface of the groove described herein refers to the surface opposite to the opening of the groove, and the bottom surface of the groove is closer to the substrate substrate relative to the opening of the groove, and the side surface of the groove refers to the surface connected to the bottom surface of the groove and extending from the bottom surface of the groove to the opening of the groove. The “side surface top end” described herein is the end of the side surface away from the substrate substrate, and the “side surface bottom end” is the end of the side surface close to the substrate substrate.

[0054] In the following, the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail in combination with the drawings. It should be noted that the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a vehicle display scene, such as a vehicle central control display, or can be applied to other scenes that need to improve the display brightness of a specified viewing angle direction, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0055] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display panel, comprising a substrate substrate and a pixel definition layer, a plurality of sub-pixels, a first light modulation functional layer, a second light modulation functional layer, a third light modulation functional layer and a fourth light modulation functional layer arranged on one side of the substrate substrate. The pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of pixel openings, and the sub-pixels are arranged at the pixel openings.

[0056] The first light-adjusting functional layer is disposed on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. The first light-adjusting functional layer is provided with a first groove on the side away from the substrate. A normal projection of the pixel opening on the substrate is located within a normal projection range of a bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate. The first groove has a first side surface and a second side surface oppositely disposed in the first direction. The second light-adjusting functional layer is at least partially located in the first groove and in contact with the first side surface and the second side surface of the first groove. The second light-adjusting functional layer has a refractive index greater than that of the first light-adjusting functional layer. In this way, a first total reflection interface can be formed on the first side surface of the first groove, and a second total reflection interface can be formed on the second side surface of the first groove. It should be noted that, in the case of light entering from a denser medium (i.e., a medium with a relatively large refractive index) into a rarer medium (i.e., a medium with a relatively small refractive index), total reflection can occur at the interface between the denser medium and the rarer medium when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle of total reflection.

[0057] The third light-adjusting functional layer is disposed on a side of the first light-adjusting functional layer and the second light-adjusting functional layer away from the substrate. The third light-adjusting functional layer is provided with a second groove on the side away from the substrate, and the second groove has a third side surface disposed close to the first side surface. A normal projection of the third side surface on the substrate is located within a normal projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate, and a normal projection of the first side surface on the substrate is located within a normal projection range of the bottom surface of the second groove on the substrate. The fourth light-adjusting functional layer is at least partially located in the second groove and in contact with the third side surface of the second groove. The fourth light-adjusting functional layer has a refractive index greater than that of the third light-adjusting functional layer. In this way, a third total reflection interface can be formed on the third side surface of the second groove.

[0058] Among the light emitted by the sub-pixel below the first groove, at least part of the light emitted toward the first side surface of the first groove can be reflected by the first total reflection interface, then incident on the third total reflection interface, and then still emitted in the original direction after being reflected by the third total reflection interface. At least part of the light emitted toward the second side surface of the first groove is reflected by the second total reflection interface and changes the transmission path to be emitted toward the side where the first side surface is located. That is, on the basis of ensuring that the light emitted toward the first side surface of the first groove can be emitted in the original direction, at least part of the light originally emitted toward the second side surface of the first groove is deflected to be emitted toward the side where the first side surface is located, which is conducive to improving the display brightness in a specified viewing angle direction and achieving privacy in another viewing angle direction opposite to the specified viewing angle direction.

[0059] For example, in a vehicle display scenario, the specified view direction can be a view direction towards the driver's side, i.e., a driver's view direction, and the other view direction opposite to the specified view direction can be a view direction towards the co-driver's side, i.e., a co-driver's view direction. By using the display panel, at least part of the light originally emitted towards the co-driver's side of the vehicle central control display can be deflected to the driver's side, i.e., the light emitted towards the driver's side is increased and the light emitted towards the co-driver's side is reduced, which is beneficial to improve the display brightness in the driver's view direction and to realize the anti-peeping in the co-driver's view direction.

[0060] FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the display panel shown in FIG. 1 is only for illustration and does not limit the shape and size of the display panel, which is determined according to the needs of the actual application of the display product. For example, the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to small-size products such as mobile phones, and can also be applied to medium and large-size products such as tablets, notebooks, display screens, and televisions, etc., which are not limited by the present disclosure.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, the display panel 10 can include a display area AA and a non-display area SA. The non-display area SA is located at least one side of the display area AA. For example, the non-display area SA can be located at one side of the display area AA, or can also be located at multiple sides of the display area AA, such as the non-display area SA can be located around the outside of the display area AA.

[0062] In some embodiments, the display area AA can include a plurality of pixel units P arranged in an array. As shown in FIG. 1, the display area AA is provided with a plurality of pixel units P arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction. The first direction is a pixel row direction, and the second direction is a pixel column direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect, for example, can be perpendicular to each other. For example, the first direction can be the X-axis direction in FIG. 1, and the second direction can be the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1. For example, the plurality of pixel units P can be arranged in M rows and N columns, M and N are integers greater than or equal to 2, and only a few pixel units P are shown in FIG. 1 as an arrangement example, and the ellipsis represents the remaining pixels not drawn. It should be noted that the arrangement of the pixel units P shown in FIG. 1 is only for illustration and is not limited, and the actual pixel arrangement can be determined according to the needs of the product.

[0063] Each pixel unit P includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each of which can display a single color. For example, the plurality of sub-pixels can include a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, which are sub-pixels of different colors, such as red, green, and blue, respectively. The brightness (gray scale) of the sub-pixels of different colors in each pixel unit can be adjusted, and a variety of colors can be displayed by color combination and superposition, thereby realizing full-color display.

[0064] Each sub-pixel can include a light-emitting device and a pixel driving circuit for driving the light-emitting device to emit light. For example, the light-emitting device can be an electroluminescent device such as an OLED or a QLED (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes).

[0065] The pixel driving circuit can include a plurality of transistors and capacitors and the like. For example, the pixel driving circuit can include three transistors and one capacitor, constituting 3T1C (i.e., one driving transistor, two switching transistors, and one capacitor). It can also include more than three transistors and at least one capacitor, such as 4T1C (i.e., one driving transistor, three switching transistors, and one capacitor), 5T1C (i.e., one driving transistor, four switching transistors, and one capacitor), or 7T1C (i.e., one driving transistor, six switching transistors, and one capacitor), etc. Among them, the transistor can be a thin film transistor (TFT), a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS), or other switching devices with the same characteristics.

[0066] It can be understood that the transistor can include a control electrode, a first electrode, and a second electrode. Among them, the control electrode is the gate electrode of the transistor, the first electrode is one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor, and the second electrode is the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor. Since the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor can be symmetrical in structure, the source electrode and the drain electrode can be indistinguishable in structure, so the source electrode of the transistor is called the first electrode and can also be called the second electrode.

[0067] In some embodiments, each pixel unit P can include a first color sub-pixel p1, a second color sub-pixel p2, and a third color sub-pixel p3. The first color sub-pixel p1 emits light of a first color, the second color sub-pixel p2 emits light of a second color, and the third color sub-pixel p3 emits light of a third color.

[0068] In some embodiments, the light emitting device of the first color can be configured to emit light of the first color, the light emitting device of the second color can be configured to emit light of the second color, and the light emitting device of the third color can be configured to emit light of the third color. In other embodiments, the first color sub-pixel p1, the second color sub-pixel p2, and the third color sub-pixel p3 can also employ a white light emitting device, and the first color sub-pixel p1 can be configured to emit light of the first color, the second color sub-pixel p2 can be configured to emit light of the second color, and the third color sub-pixel p3 can be configured to emit light of the third color by filtering through the color filter layer. For example, the first color, the second color, and the third color can be one of the three primary colors (i.e., red, green, and blue).

[0069] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the plurality of first color sub-pixels p1 and the plurality of third color sub-pixels p3 are arranged alternately along the first direction X and the second direction Y to form a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of first pixel columns. The plurality of second color sub-pixels p2 are arranged in an array along the first direction X and the second direction Y to form a plurality of second pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel columns. The plurality of first pixel rows and the plurality of second pixel rows are arranged alternately along the second direction Y and staggered with respect to each other along the first direction X. The plurality of first pixel columns and the plurality of second pixel columns are arranged alternately along the first direction X and staggered with respect to each other along the second direction Y. It should be noted that the pixel arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is merely illustrative and not limiting, and in other embodiments, the display panel can employ other pixel arrangements, which can be configured according to the actual product requirements.

[0070] For example, the first color sub-pixel p1 in FIG. 2 can be a red sub-pixel, the second color sub-pixel p2 can be a green sub-pixel, and the third color sub-pixel p3 can be a blue sub-pixel. The shapes of the red sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel can be circular, and the shape of the blue sub-pixel can be an inverted ellipse. The inverted ellipse is half circular and half elliptical, the major axis of the elliptical part is the same as the diameter of the circular part, and the minor axis is 3 / 4 of the major axis or other dimensions. It should be noted that the shapes of the sub-pixels can be configured according to the actual product requirements, for example, they can also be triangular, rectangular, diamond-shaped, elliptical, pentagonal, or hexagonal, etc., which are not limited by the present disclosure.

[0071] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the display panel. As shown in FIG. 3, the display panel 10 can include a driving backplane 100, a first electrode layer, a pixel define layer (PDL) 120, a light emitting layer 112, a second electrode layer, a first light modulation functional layer 210, a second light modulation functional layer 220, a third light modulation functional layer 230, and a fourth light modulation functional layer 240 arranged in layers on one side of the driving backplane 100.

[0072] The driving back plate 100 comprises a substrate 101 and a driving circuit layer 102 disposed on the substrate 101. The driving circuit layer 102 is configured to form the pixel driving circuit of each sub-pixel. For example, the driving circuit layer 102 can comprise a plurality of pixel driving circuits arranged in an array in the first direction and the second direction. In some embodiments, in addition to the pixel driving circuit, the driving circuit layer 102 can also be used to form a sensor element integrated under the screen, such as an ambient light sensor, and its driving element, which is specifically arranged according to actual needs, and the present embodiment does not limit this. For example, for a display panel 10 with a fingerprint recognition function, the driving circuit layer 102 can also be used to form a light-sensitive element and a driving transistor for driving the light-sensitive element to work, so as to realize fingerprint recognition.

[0073] In some embodiments, the substrate 101 can be a rigid substrate. The rigid substrate can comprise, for example, a glass substrate, a PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) substrate, a silicon substrate, etc. In this case, the display panel 10 described above can be a rigid display panel.

[0074] In other embodiments, the substrate 101 can be a flexible substrate. The flexible substrate can comprise, for example, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) substrate, a PEN (Polyethylene naphthalate two formic acid glycol ester) substrate, or a PI (Polyimide) substrate, etc. In this case, the display panel 10 described above can be a flexible display panel.

[0075] The first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrodes 111 arranged at intervals, and the light emitting device 110 of each sub-pixel comprises one first electrode 111. The first electrodes 111 of the same sub-pixel are electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit.

[0076] The pixel defining layer 120 is provided with a plurality of pixel openings Kp, each sub-pixel is arranged at a pixel opening Kp, and the pixel opening Kp is configured to define the light emitting area of the sub-pixel. As shown in FIG. 3, the pixel opening Kp exposes at least part of the area of the first electrode 111. For example, the lower end of the pixel opening Kp (i.e. the opening of the surface close to the substrate 101) is located within the projection range of the first electrode 111 on the substrate 101.

[0077] The light-emitting layer 112 is disposed on the side of the first electrode layer away from the substrate 101. For example, at least a portion of the light-emitting layer 112 is located within the pixel opening Kp of the corresponding sub-pixel and is electrically connected to the first electrode 111 of the light-emitting device 110. In some embodiments, the light-emitting layer 112 can include a light-emitting material layer (EML) and a functional material layer disposed in a stack with the light-emitting material layer. For example, the functional material layer can include one or more of a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL), which are disposed as needed without limitation in the present disclosure.

[0078] The second electrode layer is disposed in a stack on the side of the light-emitting layer 112 away from the substrate 101. The second electrode layer includes the second electrode 113 of each light-emitting device 110. For example, the second electrodes 113 of adjacent light-emitting devices 110 can be connected to each other and disposed as a whole layer, as shown in FIG. 3, to facilitate access to the voltage signal of the second electrode 113 of each light-emitting device 110.

[0079] One of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113 is an anode of the light-emitting device 110, and the other is a cathode of the light-emitting device 110. In the case where the first electrode 111 is an anode of the light-emitting device 110 and the second electrode 113 is a cathode of the light-emitting device 110, for example, the structure of the first electrode 111 can be a composite structure composed of a transparent conductive oxide thin film / metal thin film / transparent conductive oxide thin film in a stack. The material of the transparent conductive oxide thin film can be, for example, any one of ITO (Indium tin oxide) and IZO (Indium zinc oxide), and the material of the metal thin film can be, for example, any one or more of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo). For another example, the structure of the first electrode 111 can also be a single-layer structure, and the material of the single-layer structure can be, for example, any one of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo).

[0080] For example, the second electrode 113 can be made of any one of lithium (Li), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), and the like, or an alloy of any two or more of the above materials, such as a magnesium-silver alloy and an aluminum-lithium alloy. For example, the first electrode 111 can be configured as a reflective electrode, and the second electrode 113 can be configured to partially transmit and partially reflect the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 112, thereby achieving a better color gamut and light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting device 110 by using a microcavity effect.

[0081] The first light-adjusting functional layer 210 is provided with a first groove 211 on the side away from the substrate 101. In some embodiments, the depth of the first groove 211 can be substantially the same as the thickness of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 101, that is, the first groove 211 penetrates through the first light-adjusting functional layer 210, and the bottom surface of the first groove 211 is formed by the adjacent film layer below the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 (on the side close to the substrate 101). The deeper the depth of the first groove 211, the more the area of the first total reflection interface and the second total reflection interface can be increased, so that more light can be deflected to the specified viewing angle direction.

[0082] Taking the pixel arrangement and the sub-pixel shape shown in FIG. 2 as an example, FIG. 4 shows a top view of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and the dashed line in FIG. 4 represents a pixel opening Kp. As shown in FIG. 4, each first groove 211 is provided with a pixel opening Kp. The orthographic projection of the pixel opening Kp on the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101. The arrangement and shape of the first groove 211 can be adapted to the arrangement and shape of the sub-pixel. For example, the shape of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 can be the same as the shape of the pixel opening Kp, and the bottom surface edge of the first groove 211 can be slightly outwardly expanded compared to the lower end edge of the pixel opening Kp. In some embodiments, the overlap distance d between the bottom surface edge of the first groove 211 and the lower end edge of the pixel opening Kp can be 0.5-2 μm, for example, 0.5 μm, 1 μm or 2 μm.

[0083] By setting the slope angle of the side surface of the first groove 211, the incident angle of the light incident on the first total reflection interface and the second total reflection interface can be adjusted, so that more light can be totally reflected at the first total reflection interface and the second total reflection interface to change the transmission path.

[0084] In some embodiments, the side surface of the first groove 211 can be a slope surface, which is inclined toward the direction away from the central axis of the first groove 211 with respect to the direction perpendicular to the substrate 101. The central axis of the first groove 211 is an axis that passes through the geometric center of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 and is perpendicular to the substrate 101. The distance between the top end of the side surface of the first groove 211 and the central axis of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the side surface of the first groove 211 and the central axis.

[0085] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the side surface of the first recess 211 can be 80-90 degrees, for example, can be 80 degrees, 85 degrees or 90 degrees.

[0086] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the side surface of the first recess 211 can be 80-90 degrees, for example, can be 80 degrees, 85 degrees or 90 degrees.

[0087] The first recess 211 has a first side surface K1 and a second side surface K2 oppositely arranged in a first direction. The first direction can be, for example, the X-axis direction in FIG. 3. The second light-adjusting functional layer 220 has a refractive index greater than that of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210, and is at least partially located in the first recess 211. The second light-adjusting functional layer 220 located in the first recess 211 is in contact with the first side surface K1 of the first recess 211 to form the first total reflection interface. The second light-adjusting functional layer 220 located in the first recess 211 is in contact with the second side surface K2 of the first recess 211 to form the second total reflection interface. For example, the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 can be prepared in the first recess 211 so that the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 can fill the entire first recess 211 and be in contact with the entire side surface and bottom surface of the first recess 211. The material that the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 contacts at the side surface of the first recess 211 is the material of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210. In the case where the first recess 211 penetrates through the first light-adjusting functional layer 210, the material that the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 contacts at the bottom surface of the first recess 211 is the material of the film layer located on the side of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 close to the substrate 101 and adjacent to the first light-adjusting functional layer 210.

[0088] For example, the thickness of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 can be 1.5-2.5 μm, for example, can be 1.5 μm, 2 μm or 2.5 μm. For example, the refractive index of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 can be 1.45-1.5, for example, can be 1.45, 1.48 or 1.5, and the refractive index of the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 can be 1.6-1.7, for example, can be 1.6, 1.65 or 1.7.

[0089] The third light-adjusting functional layer 230 is arranged on the side of the first light-adjusting functional layer 210 and the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 away from the substrate 101. The side of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 away from the substrate 101 is provided with a second groove 231. The second groove 231 has a third side K3 arranged close to the first side K1 and a fourth side K4 arranged opposite to the third side K3. The orthographic projection of the third side K3 on the substrate 101 is within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101, and the orthographic projection of the fourth side K4 on the substrate 101 is outside the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101. The orthographic projection of the first side K1 of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101 is within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the second groove 231 on the substrate 101. The fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 is arranged on the side of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 away from the substrate 101. The refractive index of the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 is greater than that of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230, the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 is at least partially located in the second groove 231 and is in contact with the third side K3 of the second groove 231 to form the third total reflection interface. For example, the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can fill the second groove 231 and be in contact with the third side K3 and the bottom surface of the second groove 231. In addition to cooperating with the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 to achieve light adjustment, the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can also function as a planarization layer.

[0090] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can be greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second light-adjusting functional layer 220, so as to avoid total reflection of light emitted by the sub-pixel when passing through the contact interface between the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 and the second light-adjusting functional layer 220, and to improve light emission efficiency.

[0091] In some embodiments, the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 can be made of a resin material with a relatively low refractive index, and the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can be made of a resin material with a relatively high refractive index. Of course, in other embodiments, the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 and the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can also be made of other applicable materials. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 can be 1.45-1.5, for example, 1.45, 1.48 or 1.5, and the refractive index of the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 can be greater than or equal to 1.7.

[0092] In some embodiments, the third side K3 of the second groove 231 can be a slope surface which is inclined towards a direction away from the central axis of the second groove 231 relative to a direction perpendicular to the substrate 101, so as to increase the area of the third total reflection interface, thereby facilitating an increase in the number of light rays emitted towards a specified viewing angle direction (e.g. the left viewing angle direction in FIG. 3). The central axis of the second groove 231 is an axis which passes through the geometric center of the bottom surface of the second groove 231 and is perpendicular to the substrate 101. The distance between the top end of the side surface of the second groove 231 and the central axis of the bottom surface of the second groove 231 is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the side surface of the second groove 231 and the central axis.

[0093] In other embodiments, the third side K3 can be a vertical surface which is perpendicular to the substrate 101, i.e. the slope angle of the third side K3 is about 90 degrees, and the distance between the top end of the third side K3 and the central axis of the second groove 231 is substantially equal to the distance between the bottom end of the third side K3 and the central axis of the second groove 231.

[0094] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the third groove 232 can be 80-90 degrees, e.g. 80 degrees, 85 degrees or 90 degrees.

[0095] For example, the display panel 10 has a first side and a second side which are oppositely arranged in a first direction, the first side of the first groove 211 is the portion of the side surface of the first groove 211 which is close to the first side of the display panel 10, and the second side of the first groove 211 is the portion of the side surface of the first groove 211 which is close to the second side of the display panel 10. Taking the first side as the left side in FIG. 3 and the second side as the right side in FIG. 3 as an example, at least a portion of the light rays emitted from the sub-pixel and inclined to exit towards the left side (e.g. the light ray L1 in FIG. 3) first enters the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 filled in the first groove 211 and is reflected by the first total reflection interface to be inclined towards the right side, then further enters the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240 filled in the second groove 231 and is reflected by the third total reflection interface to be inclined towards the left side again and exit. At least a portion of the light rays emitted from the sub-pixel and inclined to exit towards the right side (e.g. the light ray L2 in FIG. 3) enter the second light-adjusting functional layer 220 filled in the first groove 211 and are reflected by the second total reflection interface to be inclined towards the left side, and then exit in sequence through the second light-adjusting functional layer 220, the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 and the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240.

[0096] That is, through the cooperation of the first total reflection interface, the second total reflection interface and the third total reflection interface, a part of the light originally obliquely emitted to the right side is deflected to be obliquely emitted to the left side, while ensuring that the light obliquely emitted to the left side by the sub-pixel can still be obliquely emitted to the left side, thereby playing a brightness enhancement effect on the left viewing angle direction and a privacy protection effect on the right viewing angle direction. When the display panel 10 is applied to a vehicle display scene, it is beneficial to increase the light intensity of the vehicle central control display in the driver's viewing angle direction.

[0097] The third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 is arranged in cooperation with the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211, so that at least a part of the light obliquely emitted to the first side surface K1 can be deflected after reflection by the first total reflection interface, and then incident on the third total reflection interface from the fourth light modulation functional layer 240, and again undergo total reflection at the third total reflection interface, and be emitted along the original light emission direction, that is, to ensure that the display light originally emitted from the sub-pixel to the specified viewing angle direction can still be emitted to the specified viewing angle direction finally.

[0098] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211 and the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 are respectively located on both sides of the lower end boundary of the corresponding pixel opening Kp and are arranged close to the lower end boundary of the pixel opening Kp. For example, the orthographic projection of the lower end of the pixel opening Kp on the substrate 101 is a first projection area. The orthographic projection of the bottom end of the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101 is a first projection line. The orthographic projection of the bottom end of the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 on the substrate 101 is a second projection line. Part of the boundary line of the first projection area is located between the first projection line and the second projection line.

[0099] In some embodiments, the distance between the second projection line and the first projection line is less than the distance between the second projection line and the center point of the first projection area.

[0100] As shown in FIG. 3, the third light modulation functional layer 230 includes a protruding structure 233 between the two adjacent second grooves 231 in the first direction. The left side surface of the protruding structure 233 is the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 located on the left side thereof, and the right side surface is the fourth side surface K4 of the second groove 231 located on the right side thereof. The minimum distance between the bottom end of the left side surface of the protruding structure 233 and the lower edge of the corresponding pixel opening Kp is denoted as d1, and the minimum distance between the bottom end of the right side surface and the lower edge of the adjacent pixel opening Kp is denoted as d2, d1 is less than d2. In some embodiments, d1 can be 2-5 μm, for example, it can be 2 μm, 3 μm or 5 μm; d2 can be 5-10 μm, for example, it can be 5 μm, 8 μm or 10 μm.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second groove 231 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of second grooves 231 are provided in intervals, each of the second grooves 231 being provided in correspondence with one of the first grooves 211. In the case where the depth of the second groove 231 is substantially the same as the thickness of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230, i.e., the second groove 231 penetrates through the third light-adjusting functional layer 230, the orthographic projection of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 on the substrate 101 is a meshed region, and each opening of the meshed region corresponds to one of the second grooves 231.

[0102] Taking the pixel arrangement and the sub-pixel shape shown in FIG. 2 as an example, FIG. 5A shows a top view of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. 5B shows a top view of the display panel 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of the A1 region in FIG. 5B. In the case where the shape of the pixel opening Kp is circular, elliptical or inverse-elliptical, the bottom surface of the second groove 231 can be in the shape of a semi-circular ring as shown in FIG. 5A. As viewed from the top, the first side surface K1 (i.e., the side surface facing the designated viewing angle direction) of the first groove 211 and the boundary of the pixel opening Kp close to the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211 are located within the second groove 231. It should be noted that FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C are top views in the case where the display panel 10 further comprises a light-blocking layer, and the implementation of the light-blocking layer will be described in the embodiments below. In order to distinguish the boundaries of the relevant structures, in FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C, the boundary of the pixel opening Kp is represented by a purple line, the boundary of the first groove 211 is represented by a blue line, the boundary of the light-transmitting opening Kb of the light-blocking layer is represented by a circular black line, and the boundary of the second groove 231 is represented by a red line.

[0103] As shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the boundary line of the first projection region of the pixel opening Kp is denoted as LK, and the orthographic projection of the entire side surface of the corresponding first groove 211 on the substrate 101 is denoted as S1, which is also circular. S1 is adjacent to LK and surrounds LK, and the center of the circle of S1 can substantially coincide with the center of the circle of LK. LK can be divided into a left boundary line LK1 and a right boundary line LK2 by an axis M extending in the second direction (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 5C), and S1 can be divided into a left projection line S11 and a right projection line S12. The left projection line S11 is the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101 (i.e., the first projection line described above), and the right projection line S12 is the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101. The orthographic projection of the entire side surface of the second groove 231 on the substrate 101 is denoted as S2, which is located on the left side of the axis M and can be semicircular. S2 includes an inner circular boundary line S21 and an outer circular boundary line S22, and the inner circular boundary line S21 is the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 on the substrate 101 (i.e., the second projection line described above).

[0104] As shown in FIG. 5C, the center of the circle corresponding to S21, the center of the circle corresponding to S22, the center of the circle of S1, and the center of the circle of LK can substantially coincide (e.g., coincide at point O in FIG. 5C). S21 is located inside LK, and S22 is located outside S1, i.e., LK1 and S11 are located between S21 and S22, and LK1 is located between S11 and S21. D1 represents the distance between the second projection line and the first projection line, and D2 represents the distance between the second projection line and the center point O of the first projection region, and D1 < D2.

[0105] In other embodiments, the third light control function layer 230 can include a plurality of light control portions arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the second groove 231 on the substrate 101 is a mesh region. The third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 can be a side surface of the light control portion facing a specified viewing angle direction.

[0106] Taking the pixel arrangement and the sub-pixel shape shown in FIG. 2 as an example, FIG. 6A shows a top view of the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. 6B shows a top view of the display panel 10 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of the A2 region in FIG. 6B. It should be noted that FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C are top views of the display panel 10 in the case where the display panel 10 further includes a light-blocking layer, and the implementation of the light-blocking layer will be described in the embodiments below. In order to facilitate the differentiation of the boundaries of the relevant structures, in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C, the boundary of the pixel opening Kp is represented by a purple line, the boundary of the first groove 211 is represented by a blue line, the boundary of the light-transmitting opening Kb of the light-blocking layer is represented by a circular black line, and the boundary of the light-adjusting portion 234 is represented by a red line. The blank area between adjacent light-adjusting portions 234 in FIG. 6A is the area where the second groove 231 is located.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 6A, 6B and 6C, in the case where the sub-pixel includes a circular sub-pixel and an inverted-elliptical sub-pixel, the orthographic projection of the light-adjusting portion 234 on the substrate 101 can be a long strip-shaped area, which includes a first boundary line H1 and a second boundary line H2 oppositely arranged in the first direction, and a third boundary line H3 and a fourth boundary line H4 oppositely arranged in the second direction, the first boundary line H1, the third boundary line H3, the second boundary line H2 and the fourth boundary line H4 are sequentially connected to enclose the above-mentioned long strip-shaped area. The first boundary line H1 is a curve located within the orthographic projection area of the pixel opening Kp on the substrate 101, and is adapted to the boundary shape of the pixel opening Kp. The second boundary line H2 is axially symmetrical to the first boundary line H1 and is located outside the orthographic projection area of the pixel opening Kp on the substrate 101. The third boundary line H3 and the fourth boundary line H4 can be straight lines parallel to the first direction.

[0108] The third light-adjusting functional layer 230 can be a single-layer structure as shown in FIG. 3, or can also be a multi-layer structure. In the case where the third light-adjusting functional layer 230 is a multi-layer structure, the depth of the second groove 231 can be less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of all the film layers contained in the third light-adjusting functional layer 230, and the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 can be formed by a plurality of film layers contained in the third light-adjusting functional layer 230, and the refractive indexes of these film layers are less than the refractive index of the fourth light-adjusting functional layer 240. In this way, the area of the third total reflection interface is increased, thereby increasing the number of light rays emitted toward the specified viewing angle direction.

[0109] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel 10 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, with the third dimming functional layer 230 having a double-layer structure as an example. As shown in Figure 7, the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a first film layer 301 and a second film layer 302 stacked on the side of the first film layer 301 away from the substrate 101. The depth of the second groove 231 is the sum of the thicknesses of the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302, that is, the second groove 231 penetrates through the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302. The fourth dimming functional layer 240, which fills the second groove 231, contacts the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302 on the third side K3 of the second groove 231. The refractive indices of the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302 are both less than the refractive index of the fourth dimming functional layer 240.

[0110] As shown in FIG7, the second groove 231 may include a first sub-groove 2311 penetrating the first film layer 301 and a second sub-groove 2312 penetrating the second film layer 302. The first sub-groove 2311 and the second sub-groove 2312 are connected in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 101.

[0111] Figure 8A shows a top view of the first film layer 301 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 8B shows a top view of the second film layer 302 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 8C shows a top view of the display panel 10 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 8D is an enlarged view of area A3 in Figure 8C. It should be noted that Figures 8C and 8D are top views when the display panel 10 also includes a light-shielding layer. The implementation of the light-shielding layer will be described in the embodiments below. To facilitate the differentiation of the boundaries of related structures, in Figures 8C and 8D, the boundary of the pixel opening Kp is represented by a purple line, the boundary of the first groove 211 by a blue line, the boundary of the light-transmitting opening Kb of the light-shielding layer by a circular black line, the boundary of the second sub-groove 2312 by a red line, and the boundary of the first sub-groove 2311 by a green line.

[0112] As shown in Figures 8A to 8D, the first film layer 301 has a plurality of spaced-apart first sub-grooves 2311, which penetrate the first film layer 301. The second film layer 302 has a plurality of spaced-apart second sub-grooves 2312, which penetrate the second film layer 302. The openings shown in Figures 8A and 8B can be the lower end openings (i.e., openings near the substrate 101) of the first sub-grooves 2311 and the second sub-grooves 2312, respectively. The shape of the first sub-grooves 2311 is approximately the same as that of the second sub-grooves 2312. The opening area of ​​the first sub-grooves 2311 can be smaller than the opening area of ​​the second sub-grooves 2312. The orthographic projection of the opening of the first sub-grooves onto the substrate 101 lies within the orthographic projection range of the opening of the second sub-grooves onto the substrate 101.

[0113] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 9, a third groove 232 is also provided on the side of the third dimming functional layer 230 away from the substrate 101. The third groove 232 and the second groove 231 are arranged at intervals in a first direction (the X-axis direction in Figure 9). The third groove 232 has a fifth side surface K5 and a sixth side surface K6 disposed opposite to each other in the first direction (the X-axis direction in Figure 9). The fifth side surface K5 is located between the third side surface K3 and the sixth side surface K6. The orthographic projection of the fifth side surface K5 on the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove 211 on the substrate 101. The fourth dimming functional layer 240 fills the third groove 232 and contacts the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232 to form a fourth total internal reflection interface on the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232.

[0114] For ease of explanation, the light rays emitted by the sub-pixel below the first groove 211 that are inclined toward the first side K1 of the first groove 211 (as shown on the left in Figure 9) are called the first light rays, and the light rays that are inclined toward the second side K2 of the first groove 211 (as shown on the right in Figure 9) are called the second light rays. By setting the third groove 232, a portion of the second light rays (light rays L3 in Figure 9) that pass through the fourth dimming functional layer 240 filled in the third groove 232 and are incident on the sixth side K6 can have their transmission paths changed after being reflected by the fourth total internal reflection interface, and then emitted toward the side where the first side K1 of the first groove 211 is located (as shown on the left in Figure 9). This helps to increase the number of light rays deflected toward the side where the first side K1 of the first groove 211 is located, thereby further improving the display brightness in the specified viewing angle direction (as shown on the left viewing angle direction in Figure 9) and strengthening the privacy protection in the opposite viewing angle direction (as shown on the right viewing angle direction in Figure 9).

[0115] In some embodiments, the width D3 of the top opening of the third groove 232 in the first direction can be 3 to 5 μm, for example, it can be 3 μm, 4 μm or 5 μm.

[0116] In some embodiments, the opening area of ​​the third groove 232 may be greater than or equal to the bottom surface area of ​​the third groove 232. In some embodiments, the fifth side surface K5 and the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232 may be sloped surfaces, which are inclined away from the central axis of the third groove 232 relative to the direction perpendicular to the substrate 101. The central axis of the third groove 232 is an axis passing through the geometric center of the bottom surface of the third groove 232 and perpendicular to the substrate 101. The distance between the top end of the fifth side surface K5 and the sixth side surface K6 and the central axis of the third groove 232 is greater than the distance between the bottom end of the fifth side surface K5 and the sixth side surface K6 and the central axis.

[0117] In other embodiments, the fifth side K5 and the sixth side K6 of the third groove 232 can be vertical planes perpendicular to the substrate 101, that is, the slope angle of the fifth side K5 and the sixth side K6 is about 90 degrees, and the distance between the top of the fifth side K5 and the sixth side K6 and the central axis of the third groove 232 is approximately equal to the distance between the bottom and the central axis.

[0118] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the fifth side K5 and the sixth side K6 of the third groove 232 can be 80 to 90 degrees, for example, 80 degrees, 85 degrees or 90 degrees.

[0119] In some embodiments, the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232 may be substantially aligned with the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211. In other embodiments, the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232 may also be slightly offset from the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211 in a first direction. For example, the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211 onto the substrate 101 is the third projection line, the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the fifth side surface K5 of the third groove 232 onto the substrate 101 is the fourth projection line, and the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the sixth side surface K6 of the third groove 232 onto the substrate 101 is the fifth projection line. The fifth projection line may be located before and closer to the third projection line, or the third projection line may also be located before and closer to the fifth projection line, or the fifth projection line may substantially coincide with the third projection line.

[0120] In some embodiments, the depth of the second groove 231 and the depth of the third groove 232 may be approximately equal. For example, the third dimming functional layer 230 may be a single-layer structure, and the depths of both the second groove 231 and the third groove 232 may be equal to the thickness of the third dimming functional layer 230, as shown in FIG9.

[0121] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the fifth side K5 of the third groove 232 can be the same as the slope angle of the sixth side K6. In other embodiments, the slope angle of the fifth side K5 of the third groove 232 can be smaller than the slope angle of the sixth side K6, which helps to avoid blocking the light reflected by the second side K2 of the first groove 211, i.e., the aforementioned second total internal reflection interface.

[0122] In other embodiments, the depth of the second groove 231 may be greater than the depth of the third groove 232. For example, when the third dimming functional layer 230 is a double-layer structure, i.e., including the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302 as described above, the depth of the second groove 231 may be the sum of the thicknesses of the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302, i.e., the second groove 231 penetrates through the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302. The depth of the third groove 232 may be equal to the thickness of the second film layer 302, i.e., the third groove 232 penetrates through the second film layer 302. The bottom surface of the third groove 232 is a portion of the surface of the first film layer 301 that is away from the substrate 101.

[0123] In some embodiments, the third dimming functional layer 230 may include a first dimming structure 310 and a plurality of second dimming structures 320. The first dimming structure 310 has a plurality of spaced-apart opening regions 330, and the orthographic projection region of the first dimming structure 310 on the substrate 101 is a mesh region. Each opening region 330 is provided with a second groove 231 and a third groove 232. The second dimming structures 320 are located within the opening region 330, blocking the second groove 231 and the third groove 232, and are spaced apart from the first dimming structure 310. The side of the first dimming structure 310 facing the second groove 231 is the fourth side K4 of the second groove 231, and the side facing the third groove 232 is the sixth side K6 of the third groove 232. The side of the second dimming structure 320 facing the second groove 231 is the third side K3 of the second groove 231, and the side facing the third groove 232 is the fifth side K5 of the third groove 232.

[0124] In some embodiments, the second groove 231 and the third groove 232 disposed at the same opening region 330 are connected to the first side and the second side of the second dimming structure 320. The first side and the second side are two opposite sides in the second direction, which intersects the first direction. This facilitates the processing of the grooves and increases the area of ​​the sixth side K6, i.e., the fourth total internal reflection interface, so that more second light rays can be reflected by the fourth total internal reflection interface and change their transmission path, exiting towards the side where the first side K1 of the first groove 211 is located.

[0125] In the case where the third dimming functional layer 230 includes the aforementioned first film layer 301 and second film layer 302, the second groove 231 penetrates through the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302, and the third groove 232 penetrates through the second film layer 302, taking the pixel arrangement and sub-pixel shape shown in FIG2 as an example, FIG10A shows a top view of the second film layer 302 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG10B shows a top view of the display panel 10 according to some further embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG10C is an enlarged view of area A4 in FIG10B. It should be noted that FIG10B and FIG10C are top views when the display panel 10 also includes a light-shielding layer, and the implementation of the light-shielding layer will be described in the embodiments below. To facilitate the differentiation of the boundaries of the relevant structures, in Figures 10B and 10C, the boundary of the pixel opening Kp is represented by a purple line; the boundary of the first groove 211 is represented by a blue line; the boundary of the light-transmitting opening Kb of the light-shielding layer is represented by a circular black line; the boundary of the first sub-groove 2311 is represented by a green line; and the boundary of the opening region 330 of the first dimming structure 310, including the boundary of the second dimming structure 320, the boundary of the second sub-groove 2312, and the boundary of the third groove 232, is represented by a red line.

[0126] As shown in Figure 10A, the second film layer 302 may include the first dimming structure 310 and a plurality of second dimming structures 320. The orthographic projection area of ​​the second dimming structure 320 on the substrate 101 may be an arc-shaped area. The opening area 330 of the first dimming structure 310 includes a first opening area 331 and a second opening area 332. The first opening area 331 corresponds to the second sub-groove 2312, and the second opening area 332 corresponds to the third groove 232. The first opening area 331 and the second opening area 332 are located on the left and right sides of the second dimming structure 320, respectively, and are connected on the upper and lower sides of the second dimming structure 320. The projection line of the bottom (or top) side of the first dimming structure 310 facing the first opening area 331 on the substrate 101 is a first curve 311 as shown in Figure 10A, and the arc-shaped area bends along the first curve 311. The projection line of the bottom (or top) side of the first dimming structure 310 facing the second opening region 332 onto the substrate 101 is the second curve 312 as shown in Figure 10A. The radius of curvature of the first curve 311 is greater than the radius of curvature of the second curve 312.

[0127] As shown in Figures 10B and 10C, the orthographic projection of the second dimming structure 320 onto the substrate 101 can be located within the orthographic projection range of the pixel opening Kp onto the substrate 101. The orthographic projection of the pixel opening Kp onto the substrate 101 can be located within the orthographic projection range of the first groove 211 onto the substrate 101. The orthographic projection of the first groove 211 onto the substrate 101 can be located within the orthographic projection range of the opening region 330 of the first dimming structure 310 onto the substrate 101. The first film layer 301 has a plurality of first sub-grooves 2311 as shown in Figure 8A. The orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the first sub-grooves 2311 onto the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection range of the first opening region 331 onto the substrate 101. The edge of the first sub-grooves 2311 near the second dimming structure 320 is located between the edge of the pixel opening Kp and the second dimming structure 320.

[0128] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 11, the display panel 10 may include a touch structure layer 140 disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 120 and the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate 101. The touch structure layer 140 may be fabricated using FMLOC (Flexible Multi Layer On Cell) technology. In some embodiments, the touch structure layer 140 may include a first cover layer 141, a first touch metal layer TMA, a second cover layer 142, and a second touch metal layer TMB sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 101. The second cover layer 142 is provided with a via, and a first connection terminal in the second touch metal layer TMB is electrically connected to a second connection terminal in the first touch metal layer TMA through the via.

[0129] In some embodiments, one of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB is configured to house the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode, while the other is configured to house a bridging portion connecting the first touch electrode or the second touch electrode. The extending directions of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode intersect each other, for example, they may be perpendicular to each other. Taking the first touch metal layer TMA as an example where the bridging electrode is located and the second touch metal layer TMB as a case where the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are located, the second touch electrode includes multiple electrode units. Adjacent electrode units are disconnected at a position crossing the first touch electrode and are bridged by the bridging electrode provided in the first touch metal layer TMA. The first connection end in the second touch metal layer TMB is the connection end of the electrode unit, and the second connection end in the first touch metal layer TMA is the connection end of the bridging electrode.

[0130] When the display panel 10 includes the aforementioned touch structure layer 140, the aforementioned first dimming functional layer 210 may include a first cover layer 141 or a second cover layer 142 in the touch structure layer 140. In some embodiments, the first dimming functional layer 210 may be the first cover layer 141, as shown in FIG11, that is, the first groove 211 is provided on the side of the first cover layer 141 away from the substrate 101. In this case, the first cover layer 141 may be made of a material with a relatively low refractive index, which is less than the refractive index of the second dimming functional layer 220.

[0131] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel 10 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, the first dimming functional layer 210 can be a second cover layer 142. The first cover layer 141 is disposed as a whole layer. The first groove 211 is provided on the side of the second cover layer 142 away from the substrate 101. The first groove 211 penetrates the second cover layer 142, that is, the bottom surface of the first groove 211 is a part of the surface of the first cover layer 141 away from the substrate 101. In this case, the second cover layer 142 can be made of a material with a relatively low refractive index, which is less than the refractive index of the second dimming functional layer 220.

[0132] In some embodiments, the touch structure layer 140 may further include a third cover layer 143 disposed on the side of the second touch metal layer TMB away from the substrate 101, covering at least a portion of the second touch metal layer TMB. The materials of the first cover layer 141, the second cover layer 142, and the third cover layer 143 of the touch structure layer 140 may include transparent insulating materials, for example, transparent resin materials.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first dimming functional layer 210 includes a first cover layer 141, and the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a second cover layer 142. For example, the first cover layer 141 can be used as the first dimming functional layer 210, and the second cover layer 142 can be used as the third dimming functional layer 230. In other embodiments, the first dimming functional layer 210 includes the first cover layer 141, and the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a third cover layer 143. As shown in FIG11, the first cover layer 141 can be used as the first dimming functional layer 210, and the third cover layer 143 can be used as the third dimming functional layer 230.

[0134] In some other embodiments, the first dimming functional layer 210 includes a first cover layer 141, and the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a second cover layer 142 and a third cover layer 143. Figures 13 and 14 show schematic diagrams of the structure of a display panel 10 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the first cover layer 141 can be used as the first dimming functional layer 210, and the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143 can be used as the third dimming functional layer 230, with the second groove 231 penetrating through the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143.

[0135] In some other embodiments, the first dimming functional layer 210 includes a second cover layer 142, and the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a third cover layer 143. As shown in FIG12, the second cover layer 142 can be used as the first dimming functional layer 210, and the third cover layer 143 can be used as the third dimming functional layer 230.

[0136] When the third dimming functional layer 230 includes a second cover layer 142 and a third cover layer 143, the refractive index of the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143 is less than the refractive index of the fourth dimming functional layer 240. In some embodiments, along a direction perpendicular to the substrate 101, the depth of the second groove 231 may be greater than the thickness of the second cover layer 142 and less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143. The fourth dimming functional layer 240 contacts the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143 on the third side K3. That is, the first film layer 301 and the second film layer 302 may be the second cover layer 142 and the third cover layer 143, respectively. This is beneficial for increasing the area of ​​the third total internal reflection interface, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted in the specified viewing angle direction (the left viewing angle direction in FIG. 13).

[0137] Thus, in the touch-enabled display panel 10, the cover layer in the touch structure layer 140, in addition to its function in the touch structure layer 140, can also play a role in dimming through refractive index matching, which helps to save processes and materials.

[0138] In some embodiments, the display panel 10 may further include a light-shielding layer 160 and a color filter layer 150, disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer 120 away from the substrate 101, as shown in FIG11. In some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 160 may be formed of a black light-shielding material, also known as a black matrix (BM). For example, the film thickness of the light-shielding layer 160 may be 1 μm to 2 μm, such as 1 μm, 1.5 μm or 2 μm.

[0139] The light-shielding layer 160 includes multiple light-transmitting openings Kb, and the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the pixel opening Kp and the first groove 211 onto the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection range of the light-transmitting opening Kb onto the substrate 101. The color filter layer 150 includes multiple color filter sections, and the orthographic projection of the color filter sections onto the substrate 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting opening Kb onto the substrate 101. For example, the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting opening Kb onto the substrate 101 may be located within the orthographic projection range of the color filter sections onto the substrate 101.

[0140] In some embodiments, the plurality of color filters may include three different colored color filters, namely a first color filter 151, a second color filter 152, and a third color filter 153, as shown in FIG11. The color of the first color filter 151 is the same as the emission color of the first sub-pixel, the color of the second color filter 152 is the same as the emission color of the second sub-pixel, and the color of the third color filter 153 is the same as the emission color of the third sub-pixel, thereby ensuring normal light emission from the display panel 10. For example, when the first sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel is a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel, the first color filter 151 is configured to transmit red light and block other colors of light, the second color filter 152 is configured to transmit green light and block other colors of light, and the third color filter 153 is configured to transmit blue light and block other colors of light.

[0141] By setting a color filter layer 150, light of a different color from ambient light can be absorbed, reducing the amount of ambient light that reaches reflective films such as the second electrode 113. Simultaneously, the color filter layer 150 can also absorb some of the ambient light reflected by films such as the second electrode 113. This reduces ambient light reflection and improves the display effect. This avoids the need for a thicker polarizer to filter out ambient light and some light reflected from within the display panel 10, thus helping to reduce the thickness of the display panel 10.

[0142] In some embodiments, the second dimming functional layer 220 may include a color filter layer 150, wherein the aforementioned color filter portion is at least partially located within the first groove 211 and contacts the first side surface K1 and the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211, and the refractive index of the color filter portion is greater than the refractive index of the first dimming functional layer 210. As shown in FIG11, the color filter layer 150 can be used as the second dimming functional layer 220. The color filter portion is prepared in the first groove 211 of the first dimming functional layer 210, such as the aforementioned first cover layer 141 or second cover layer 142, such that the color filter portion fills the first groove 211 and contacts the sides of the first groove 211 (including the first side surface K1 and the second side surface K2). In this way, in addition to serving as a filter, the color filter layer 150 can also cooperate with the first dimming functional layer 210 to form the aforementioned first total internal reflection interface and second total internal reflection interface to achieve dimming, which is beneficial for saving processes and materials.

[0143] In some embodiments, the thickness of the color filter portion can be greater than or equal to the depth of the first groove 211. The overlap distance between the top of the color filter portion and the top of the first dimming functional layer 210 (such as the first cover layer 141 or the second cover layer 142 described above) can be 0 to 5 μm, such as 0 μm, 2 μm or 5 μm. As shown in FIG11, the color filter portion can have a protrusion that extends beyond the opening edge of the first groove 211 and is stacked on the top of the first dimming functional layer 210, so that the orthographic projection of the color filter portion and the light-shielding layer 160 on the substrate 101 overlaps, which is beneficial to ensure normal light output.

[0144] In some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 160 may be disposed on the side of the third dimming functional layer 230 away from the substrate 101. As shown in FIG11, when the display panel 10 includes the above-mentioned touch structure layer 140 and the third cover layer 143 is used as the third dimming functional layer 230, the light-shielding layer 160 may be located on the side of the third cover layer 143 away from the substrate 101, covering the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB. That is, the orthographic projection of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB on the substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection range of the light-shielding layer 160 on the substrate 101, so as to reduce the reflection of the first touch metal layer TMA and the second touch metal layer TMB to ambient light.

[0145] When the third dimming functional layer 230 is provided with the aforementioned third groove 232, the third groove 232 can be disposed near the left side of the light-shielding layer 160 (i.e., near the second side K2 of the first groove 211). In some embodiments, the distance d6 between the top of the sixth side K6 of the third groove 232 and the upper left edge of the light-shielding layer 160 can be 1 to 3 μm, for example, 1 μm, 2 μm or 3 μm.

[0146] In some embodiments, the third cover layer 143 can completely cover the second touch metal layer TMB, that is, the orthogonal projection of the second touch metal layer TMB on the substrate 101 can be located within the orthogonal projection range of the third cover layer 143 on the substrate 101, so as to avoid the risk of peeling when the light shielding layer 160 directly contacts the second touch metal layer TMB.

[0147] The aforementioned fourth dimming functional layer 240 covers the grooves on the side of the second dimming functional layer 220 and the third dimming functional layer 230 away from the substrate 101, as well as the light-shielding layer 160. In some embodiments, the fourth dimming functional layer 240, in addition to forming a total internal reflection interface (such as the aforementioned third total internal reflection interface) with the third dimming functional layer 230 to achieve dimming, can also serve a planarization function. As shown in FIG11, the third dimming functional layer 230 has a second groove 231 on the side away from the substrate 101, and the fourth dimming functional layer 240 covers the third dimming functional layer 230, the second groove 231, and the light-shielding layer 160. The fourth dimming functional layer 240 may be made of resin material to facilitate the filling of the steps formed between the second groove 231 and the light-shielding layer 160 and the third dimming functional layer 230.

[0148] To facilitate the description of the patterned morphology of the light-shielding layer 160, two light-transmitting openings Kb that are adjacent to each other in the first direction are referred to as the first light-transmitting opening and the second light-transmitting opening. Here, "two adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb" means that there are no other light-transmitting openings Kb between the two light-transmitting openings Kb. The pixel opening Kp exposed at the first light-transmitting opening (i.e., the pixel opening Kp directly below the first light-transmitting opening) is referred to as the first pixel opening, and the pixel opening Kp exposed at the second light-transmitting opening (i.e., the pixel opening Kp directly below the second light-transmitting opening Kb) is referred to as the second pixel opening.

[0149] The light-shielding layer 160 includes a first edge and a second edge that are disposed opposite to each other and adjacent to each other in a first direction. The first edge and the second edge are adjacent edges of the two adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb. The first edge is close to the second side surface K2 of the first groove 211 at the first pixel opening, and the second edge is close to the first side surface K1 of the first groove 211 at the second pixel opening.

[0150] The distance between the orthographic projection of the first edge on the substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate 101 is a first distance, and the distance between the orthographic projection of the second edge on the substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the second pixel opening on the substrate 101 is a second distance. The first distance is less than the second distance. It should be noted that when the side of the light-shielding layer 160 facing the light-transmitting opening Kb is the slope shown in Figure 11, the first edge and the second edge can be the bottom edge of the side of the light-shielding layer 160. The orthographic projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate 101 can be the orthographic projection of the lower port of the first pixel opening on the substrate 101.

[0151] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the specified viewing angle direction is the left viewing angle direction of Figure 11. The first edge is the left edge of the light-shielding layer 160 between two adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb in Figure 11, and the second edge is the right edge of the light-shielding layer 160 between two adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb. The left edge of the light-shielding layer 160 is relatively close to the pixel opening Kp of the adjacent sub-pixel, which can limit the light emitted to the right by that sub-pixel. The right edge of the light-shielding layer 160 is relatively far from the pixel opening Kp of the adjacent sub-pixel, which can reduce the probability that the light emitted to the left by the sub-pixel is blocked, thereby increasing the light emitted to the left, that is, increasing the display brightness in the specified viewing angle direction.

[0152] As shown in Figure 11, d3 represents the lateral distance between the right edge of the light-shielding layer 160 and the lower port of the pixel opening Kp of the adjacent sub-pixel, i.e., the aforementioned second distance. d4 represents the lateral distance between the left edge of the light-shielding layer 160 and the top of the second side surface K2 of the adjacent first groove 211 (as shown by the top edge of the side surface of the first cover layer 141 in Figure 11). In some embodiments, d3 can be 3 to 5 μm, for example, 3 μm, 4 μm, or 5 μm. In some embodiments, d4 can be 0 to 2 μm, for example, 0 μm, 1 μm, or 2 μm. When d4 is 0 μm, the left side of the light-shielding layer 160 extends to be flush with the top edge of the side surface of the first cover layer 141.

[0153] In some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 160 may include a main body 1601 and a ramp portion 1602 connected to the main body 1601. The main body 1601 covers at least a portion of the third dimming functional layer 230 located on top of the pixel defining layer 120, and the ramp portion 1602 covers at least a portion of the fourth side surface K4 of the second recess 231. That is, one end of the light-shielding layer 160 near the fourth side surface K4 of the second recess 231 can sink down along the fourth side surface K4, which helps to further reduce the probability of the left-facing light rays of the sub-pixel being blocked.

[0154] When the third dimming functional layer 230 is a single-layer structure, as shown in Figure 11, taking the third dimming functional layer 230 as the third cover layer 143 as an example, the climbing part 1602 of the light-shielding layer 160 (the right side part of the light-shielding layer 160 unit between adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb in Figure 11) can cover the fourth side K4 of the second groove 231 and cover part of the bottom surface of the second groove 231.

[0155] In the case where the third dimming functional layer 230 has a double-layer structure, taking the third dimming functional layer 230 including a second cover layer 142 and a third cover layer 143, and the second groove 231 including a first sub-groove 2311 and a second sub-groove 2312 as an example. As shown in Figure 13, the third side surface K3 of the second groove 231 may include a first sub-side surface k31 and a second sub-side surface k32. The first sub-side surface k31 is a part of the side surface of the first sub-groove 2311, and the second sub-side surface k32 is a part of the side surface of the second sub-groove 2312. The top end of the first sub-side surface k31 and the bottom end of the second sub-side surface k32 can be roughly aligned. When the slope angle of the first sub-side surface k31 and the slope angle of the second sub-side surface k32 are basically the same, the third side surface K3, i.e., the third total internal reflection interface, is roughly planar to better achieve dimming.

[0156] In some embodiments, the fourth side surface K4 of the second groove 231 has a stepped structure, as shown in FIG13. This stepped structure includes a first slope k41, a second slope k43, and a tread surface k42 connecting the first slope k41 and the second slope k43. The first slope k41 is a portion of the side surface of the first sub-groove 2311, and the second slope k43 is a portion of the side surface of the second sub-groove 2312. The climbing portion 1602 of the light-shielding layer 160 can cover a portion of the second slope k43 and the tread surface k42.

[0157] In some embodiments, the distance d5 between the bottom end of the first slope k41 and the lower port edge of the adjacent pixel opening Kp can be 2 to 3 μm, for example, it can be 2 μm, 2.5 μm or 3 μm.

[0158] In other embodiments, the fourth side surface K4 of the second groove 231 may include a third sub-side surface k41' and a fourth sub-side surface k42'. The third sub-side surface k41' is a portion of the side surface of the first sub-groove 2311, and the fourth sub-side surface k42' is a portion of the side surface of the second sub-groove 2312. The top end of the third sub-side surface k41' and the bottom end of the fourth sub-side surface k42' may be substantially aligned, as shown in FIG14. The ramp portion 1602 of the light-shielding layer 160 may cover the fourth side surface K4 (including the third sub-side surface k41' and the fourth sub-side surface k42'), as well as a portion of the first cover layer 141 and a portion of the protrusion of the color filter portion.

[0159] Figures 15 to 18 respectively show schematic diagrams of the structure of a display panel 10 according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment corresponding to Figure 15 has a structure that is substantially the same as that corresponding to Figure 11, except that, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 11, the third cover layer 143, which serves as the third dimming functional layer 230, is further provided with the aforementioned third groove 232. The embodiment corresponding to Figure 16 has a structure that is substantially the same as that corresponding to Figure 12, except that, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 12, the third cover layer 143, which serves as the third dimming functional layer 230, is further provided with the aforementioned third groove 232. The embodiment corresponding to Figure 17 has a structure that is substantially the same as that corresponding to Figure 13, except that, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 13, the third cover layer 143 is further provided with the aforementioned third groove 232. The embodiment corresponding to Figure 18 has a structure that is substantially the same as that corresponding to Figure 14, except that, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 14, the third cover layer 143 is further provided with the aforementioned third groove 232. It should be noted that the implementation of the third groove 232 can be referred to the relevant description above, and will not be repeated here.

[0160] In some embodiments, the display panel 10 further includes an encapsulation layer 130 disposed on the side of the first dimming functional layer 210 near the pixel defining layer 120, configured to encapsulate sub-pixels. As shown in FIG11, the encapsulation layer 130 may be disposed on the side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate 101, and the touch structure layer 140 and the color filter layer 150 are disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer 130 away from the substrate 101.

[0161] In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer 130 may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer 131, an organic encapsulation layer 132, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer 133 sequentially stacked on the second electrode layer. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 131 and the third inorganic encapsulation layer 133 may be made of suitable inorganic encapsulation materials and prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The organic encapsulation layer 132 may be made of suitable organic encapsulation materials and prepared by inkjet printing (IJP). The first inorganic encapsulation layer 131, the organic encapsulation layer 132, and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 133 encapsulate the light-emitting device 110 of the sub-pixel to prevent the light-emitting device 110 from being damaged by water and oxygen erosion.

[0162] The following describes an exemplary fabrication process of the display panel 10 using the embodiment shown in FIG11 as an example. A display panel 10 with a completed encapsulation layer 130 is provided. A first cover layer 141 of a touch structure layer 140 is fabricated on the encapsulation layer 130 using a low-refractive-index transparent resin material (e.g., with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.5), and a first groove 211 is formed at the position opposite to the sub-pixel on the first cover layer 141. The first cover layer 141 also serves as a first dimming functional layer 210. The first cover layer 141 may include a first protrusion 1411 located between two adjacent first grooves 211 in a first direction. The cross-sectional shape of the first protrusion 1411 may be a trapezoid as shown in FIG11, and the thickness may be approximately 1.5 to 2.5 μm. The distance d between the bottom edge of the side of the first protrusion 1411 and the lower port edge of the pixel opening Kp may be approximately 0.5 to 2 μm.

[0163] Then, a first color filter 151 is formed in the first groove 211 directly opposite the first sub-pixel, a second color filter 152 is formed in the first groove 211 directly opposite the second sub-pixel, and a third color filter 153 is formed in the first groove 211 directly opposite the third sub-pixel. The refractive index of the first color filter 151, the second color filter 152, and the third color filter 153 can be approximately 1.6 to 1.7, the thickness is not less than the thickness of the first cover layer 141, and the overlap distance with the top of the first cover layer 141 is approximately 0 to 5 μm. The first color filter 151, the second color filter 152, and the third color filter 153 also serve as the second dimming functional layer 220.

[0164] Next, a first touch metal layer TMA is prepared in the top middle region of the first cover layer 141, which is not covered by the first color filter 151, the second color filter 152, and the third color filter 153. Then, a second cover layer 142 and a second touch metal layer TMB are prepared sequentially. Further, a patterned third cover layer 143 is prepared using a transparent resin material with a low refractive index (e.g., a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.5). A second groove 231 corresponding to each first groove 211 is prepared on the third cover layer 143. The third cover layer 143 also serves as a third dimming functional layer 230. The third cover layer 143 may include a second protrusion 1431 located between two adjacent second grooves 231 in the first direction. The cross-sectional shape of the second protrusion 1431 may be a trapezoid as shown in FIG11. The second protrusion 1431 covers a portion of the sub-pixel (i.e., a portion of the pixel opening Kp) and covers the second touch metal layer TMB located above the first protrusion 1411. The distance d1 between the lower left edge of the second protrusion 1431 and the lower port edge of the covered pixel opening Kp is approximately 2–5 μm, and the distance d2 between the lower right edge of the second protrusion 1431 and the lower port edge of the adjacent pixel opening Kp is approximately 5–10 μm. The thickness of the second protrusion 1431 is approximately 1.5–3 μm, and the slope angle is approximately 80–90 degrees.

[0165] Further, a patterned light-shielding layer 160 is prepared on the third cover layer 143. The light-shielding layer 160 includes a light-shielding portion 161 located between two adjacent light-transmitting openings Kb in the first direction. The distance between the lower left edge of the light-shielding portion 161 and the upper left edge of the covered first protrusion 1411 is approximately 0 to 2 μm. The right side of the light-shielding portion 161 covers the slope on the right side of the second protrusion 1431 (i.e., the fourth side surface K4 covering the second groove 231), and the distance d3 between it and the lower port edge of the adjacent pixel opening Kp is approximately 3 to 5 μm. Further, a planarization layer is prepared using a transparent resin material with high refractive index (e.g., refractive index greater than or equal to 1.7), thereby obtaining the display panel 10 shown in FIG. 11. The planarization layer serves both as a planarization function and as a fourth dimming functional layer 240.

[0166] In the display panel 10 provided in some embodiments of this disclosure, by providing a first groove 211 on the first dimming functional layer 210 and matching the refractive indices of the first dimming functional layer 210 and the second dimming functional layer 220, a first total internal reflection interface can be formed on the first side K1 of the first groove 211, and a second total internal reflection interface can be formed on the second side K2 of the first groove 211. Furthermore, by providing a second groove 231 on the third dimming functional layer 230 and matching the refractive indices of the third dimming functional layer 230 and the fourth dimming functional layer 240, a third total internal reflection interface can be formed on the third side K3 of the second groove 231. In this way, at least a portion of the light emitted from the sub-pixel that is directed toward the first side K1 of the first groove 211 can be reflected by the first total internal reflection interface and then incident on the third total internal reflection interface. After being reflected again by the third total internal reflection interface, it still exits roughly in the original direction. Meanwhile, at least a portion of the light emitted toward the second side K2 of the first groove 211 changes its transmission path after being reflected by the second total internal reflection interface and exits toward the side where the first side K1 is located. This deflects at least a portion of the light that was originally directed toward the second side K2 of the first groove 211 toward the side where the first side K1 is located, which helps to improve the display brightness in the specified viewing angle direction and prevents peeping from the opposite viewing angle direction. For example, when applied to automotive display scenarios, it helps to enhance the display brightness in the driver's viewing angle direction and prevent peeping from the passenger's viewing angle direction.

[0167] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 19, the display device 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure includes the display panel 10 provided in any of the embodiments described above. For example, the display device 1000 can be an in-vehicle display terminal such as an in-vehicle central control display, or it can be other display products that need to improve the display brightness in a specified viewing angle direction.

[0168] When the display device 1000 is a vehicle-mounted central control display, the designated viewing angle of the display panel 10 can be the direction facing the driver's cab in the vehicle on which the vehicle-mounted central control display is installed. Correspondingly, the other viewing angle opposite to the designated viewing angle is the direction facing the passenger's cab. This can effectively improve the display brightness of the vehicle-mounted central control display in the driver's viewing angle and reduce the display brightness of the vehicle-mounted central control display in the passenger's viewing angle, so that the driver can view the vehicle-mounted central control display and achieve privacy protection in the passenger's viewing angle.

[0169] The above description does not provide detailed technical specifications regarding the layout of each layer of the product. However, those skilled in the art should understand that layers and regions of the desired shape can be formed using various technical means. Furthermore, to form the same structure, those skilled in the art can also design methods that are not entirely identical to those described above. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination.

[0170] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed herein only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure; other structures can be referred to with conventional designs. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features described therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0171] Although some embodiments of this disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A display panel, comprising: Substrate; A pixel defining layer and a plurality of sub-pixels are disposed on one side of the substrate. The pixel defining layer is provided with a plurality of pixel openings, and the sub-pixels are disposed at the pixel openings. A first dimming functional layer is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. A first groove is provided on the side of the first dimming functional layer away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate. The first groove has a first side surface and a second side surface disposed opposite to each other in a first direction. The second dimming functional layer is at least partially located within the first groove and in contact with the first side and the second side, wherein the refractive index of the second dimming functional layer is greater than that of the first dimming functional layer. A third dimming functional layer is disposed on the side of the first dimming functional layer and the second dimming functional layer away from the substrate. A second groove is disposed on the side of the third dimming functional layer away from the substrate. The second groove has a third side disposed close to the first side. The orthographic projection of the third side onto the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove onto the substrate. The orthographic projection of the first side onto the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the second groove onto the substrate. as well as The fourth dimming functional layer is at least partially located within the second groove and in contact with the third side surface of the second groove. The refractive index of the fourth dimming functional layer is greater than that of the third dimming functional layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The distance between the top edge of the side surface of the first groove and the central axis of the bottom surface of the first groove is greater than or equal to the distance between the bottom edge of the side surface of the first groove and the central axis; the slope angle of the side surface of the first groove is 80 to 90 degrees. The depth of the first groove is approximately the same as the thickness of the first dimming functional layer in the direction perpendicular to the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The distance between the top of the third side surface and the central axis of the bottom surface of the second groove is greater than or equal to the distance between the bottom of the third side surface and the central axis; the slope angle of the first side surface is 80 to 90 degrees.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, There are multiple second grooves, which are spaced apart, and each second groove corresponds to one of the first grooves; or, The third dimming functional layer includes multiple dimming sections spaced apart, and the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the second groove onto the substrate is a mesh area.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The third dimming functional layer is further provided with a third groove on the side away from the substrate. The third groove and the second groove are arranged at intervals in the first direction. The third groove has a fifth side surface and a sixth side surface that are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction. The fifth side surface is located between the third side surface and the sixth side surface. The orthographic projection of the fifth side surface on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate. The fourth dimming functional layer is at least partially located within the third groove and is in contact with the sixth side surface.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein, The depth of the second groove is greater than or equal to the depth of the third groove.

7. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein, The slope angle of the fifth side is smaller than that of the sixth side.

8. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein, The third dimming functional layer includes a first dimming structure and a plurality of second dimming structures. The first dimming structure has a plurality of opening regions spaced apart. Each opening region is provided with a second groove and a third groove. The second dimming structure is located within the opening region, blocking the second groove and the third groove, and is spaced apart from the first dimming structure. The side of the first dimming structure facing the second groove is the fourth side of the second groove, and the fourth side is disposed opposite to the third side. The side of the first dimming structure facing the third groove is the sixth side of the third groove. The side of the second dimming structure facing the second groove is the third side of the second groove, and the side facing the third groove is the fifth side of the third groove. as well as The second groove and the third groove provided at the same opening area are connected on the first side and the second side of the second dimming structure. The first side and the second side are opposite sides in the second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, The orthographic projection of the lower port of the pixel opening onto the substrate is a first projection area, the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the first side onto the substrate is a first projection line, the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the third side onto the substrate is a second projection line, and a portion of the boundary line of the first projection area is located between the first projection line and the second projection line.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein, The distance between the second projection line and the first projection line is less than the distance between the second projection line and the center point of the first projection area.

11. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-10, further comprising: A touch structure layer is disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. The touch structure layer includes a first cover layer, a first touch metal layer, a second cover layer, and a second touch metal layer sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The second cover layer has a via, and a first connection terminal in the second touch metal layer is electrically connected to a second connection terminal in the first touch metal layer through the via. The first dimming function layer includes either the first cover layer or the second cover layer.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The touch structure layer further includes: a third cover layer disposed on the side of the second touch metal layer away from the substrate, covering at least a portion of the second touch metal layer; and The first dimming functional layer includes the first overlay layer, and the third dimming functional layer includes the second overlay layer and / or the third overlay layer; or, the first dimming functional layer includes the second overlay layer, and the third dimming functional layer includes the third overlay layer.

13. The display panel according to claim 12, wherein, The third dimming functional layer includes the second cover layer and the third cover layer, wherein the refractive index of the second cover layer and the third cover layer is less than the refractive index of the fourth dimming functional layer; as well as Along a direction perpendicular to the substrate, the depth of the second groove is greater than the thickness of the second cover layer and less than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the second cover layer and the third cover layer, and the fourth dimming functional layer contacts the second cover layer and the third cover layer on the third side.

14. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-10, further comprising a light-shielding layer and a color filter layer disposed on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, the light-shielding layer comprising a plurality of light-transmitting openings, the orthographic projection of the pixel openings and the bottom surface of the first groove on the substrate being located within the orthographic projection range of the light-transmitting openings on the substrate, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of color filter portions, the orthographic projection of the color filter portions on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting openings on the substrate; and The second dimming functional layer includes the color filter layer, the color filter portion is at least partially located in the first groove and is in contact with the first side and the second side of the first groove, and the refractive index of the color filter portion is greater than the refractive index of the first dimming functional layer.

15. The display panel according to claim 14, wherein, The light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the third dimming functional layer away from the substrate, and the fourth dimming functional layer covers the second dimming functional layer, the second groove, and the light-shielding layer.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein, The plurality of light-transmitting openings include a first light-transmitting opening and a second light-transmitting opening that are adjacent to each other in a first direction. The pixel opening exposed at the first light-transmitting opening is the first pixel opening, and the pixel opening exposed at the second light-transmitting opening is the second pixel opening. The light-shielding layer includes a first edge and a second edge that are disposed opposite to each other and are adjacent to each other in the first direction. The first edge is close to the second side of the first groove at the first pixel opening, and the second edge is close to the first side of the first groove at the second pixel opening. as well as The distance between the orthographic projection of the first edge on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate is a first distance, and the distance between the orthographic projection of the second edge on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second pixel opening on the substrate is a second distance, wherein the first distance is less than the second distance.

17. The display panel according to claim 16, wherein, The second groove also includes a fourth side disposed opposite to the third side, wherein the orthographic projection of the fourth side onto the substrate is located outside the orthographic projection range of the bottom surface of the first groove onto the substrate. as well as The light-shielding layer includes a main body and a ramp portion connected to the main body. The main body covers at least a portion of the third dimming functional layer located on top of the pixel defining layer, and the ramp portion covers at least a portion of the fourth side surface.

18. The display panel according to any one of claims 1-10, further comprising an encapsulation layer disposed on the side of the first dimming functional layer near the pixel delimiting layer, configured to encapsulate the plurality of sub-pixels.

19. A display device, comprising: The display panel according to any one of claims 1-18.

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