Connection release guard timer for store and forward satellite communications
A timer-based mechanism for managing NAS signaling connections in store and forward satellite communications allows UEs to autonomously release connections, improving power efficiency and enabling search for alternative networks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MEDIATEK INC
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
Smart Images

Figure CN2026070715_23072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CONNECTION RELEASE GUARD TIMER FOR STORE AND FORWARD SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONSCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 745,840, filed January 16, 2025, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND
[0002] Wireless communication systems have evolved to include non-terrestrial networks (NTN) that utilize satellites to provide connectivity to user equipment (UE) . Among various satellite communication modes, store and forward (S&F) satellite communications enable data transmission in scenarios where continuous connectivity between the satellite and ground-based network infrastructure may not be available. In S&F satellite communications, data can be stored on the satellite or at the UE and forwarded when connectivity becomes available.
[0003] In cellular communication systems, a UE establishes and maintains signaling connections with the network to exchange control information and data. Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling connections are used for mobility management, session management, and other control plane functions between the UE and the core network. The management of these signaling connections affects UE power consumption and the ability of the UE to search for and connect to other network resources.
[0004] In S&F satellite communication scenarios, the network may provide the UE with various parameters to facilitate S&F operations. These parameters can include wait timers indicating when S&F service may become available, as well as lists identifying satellites or cells where S&F service can be accessed. The UE may use these parameters to determine when and where to attempt S&F communications.
[0005] The coordination between network-provided S&F parameters and NAS signaling connection management presents challenges in S&F satellite communication systems. When a UE receives S&F-related parameters from the network, the UE may be in a state where maintaining the current NAS signaling connection is not beneficial, yet the UE may lack a mechanism to release the connection autonomously. This situation can result in continued power consumption by the UE and may prevent the UE from searching for alternative satellites, cells, or networks that could provide service.
[0006] Accordingly, there is a general desire for improved techniques for managing NAS signaling connections in S&F satellite communication systems.SUMMARY
[0007] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0008] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless communication method is provided. The method includes receiving, by a wireless communication device from a wireless communication node, at least one of (i) a message related to the wireless communication device or to a connection between the wireless communication node and the wireless communication device, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the wireless communication node. The method further includes, in response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, starting, by the wireless communication device, a timer.
[0009] According to other aspects of the present disclosure, the wireless communication method may include one or more of the following features. The method may further include, in response to detecting expiry of the timer, locally releasing, by the wireless communication device, the connection between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication node. The message may include at least one of: an ATTACH ACCEPT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT message, a SERVICE ACCEPT message, an ATTACH REJECT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE REJECT message, or a SERVICE REJECT message. The indication may be related to a Store and Forward (S&F) operation. The indication may include an S&F Monitoring List. The wireless communication node may not be on the list. The indication may include an S&F wait time. A value of the S&F wait time may not be equal to 0. The indication may include a list of satellite IDs. The wireless communication node may not be on the list. The indication may indicate that a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) procedure cannot be completed due to the communication node (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME) or a satellite) is operating in an S&F mode. The indication may correspond to semantic errors in QoS operation.
[0010] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless communication method is provided. The method includes sending, by a wireless communication node to a wireless communication device, at least one of (i) a message related to the wireless communication device or to a connection between the wireless communication node and the wireless communication device, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the wireless communication node. In response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the wireless communication device is configured to start a timer.
[0011] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a wireless communications apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement a method as described above.
[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes a computer-readable program medium code stored thereupon. The code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a method as described above.
[0013] The foregoing general description of the illustrative embodiments and the following detailed description thereof are merely exemplary aspects of the teachings of this disclosure and are not restrictive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0014] Non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples are described with reference to the following figures.
[0015] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication system with a user equipment accessing a network via a satellite, according to aspects of the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 2 illustrates a flowchart for a method for managing a connection between a user equipment and a Store and Forward (S&F) Mobility Management Entity (MME) or satellite, according to aspects of the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart for a method related to S&F MME or satellite communications, according to aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following description sets forth exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. It should be recognized, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure. Rather, the description also encompasses combinations and modifications to those exemplary aspects described herein.
[0019] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication methods and apparatuses for managing connections between wireless communication devices and wireless communication nodes in store and forward (S&F) satellite communication systems. In S&F satellite communications, a satellite may store information received from a wireless communication device when a service link is available and forward the information to a ground network when a feeder link becomes available. Similarly, the satellite may store information received from the ground network when the feeder link is available and forward the information to the wireless communication device when the service link is available.
[0020] In some cases, a wireless communication device may receive from a wireless communication node a message related to the wireless communication device or to a connection between the wireless communication node and the wireless communication device. In some cases, the wireless communication device may receive an indication related to operation of the wireless communication node. In response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the wireless communication device may start a timer. The timer may serve as a guard timer that allows the wireless communication device to manage a signaling connection with the wireless communication node.
[0021] In some cases, upon expiry of the timer, the wireless communication device may locally release the connection between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication node. The local release of the connection may allow the wireless communication device to conserve power or to search for another satellite, cell, or public land mobile network. The timer-based mechanism described herein may address scenarios where a network does not release a non-access stratum (NAS) signaling connection, thereby enabling the wireless communication device to take action based on the timer expiry.
[0022] The present disclosure also relates to methods performed by a wireless communication node, such as an S&F MME or S&F satellite, for sending messages or indications to a wireless communication device. In response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the wireless communication device may be caused to start a timer. The timer-based approach may facilitate management of the signaling connection between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication node in S&F satellite communication scenarios.
[0023] Referring to FIG. 1, a communication system 100 may include a user equipment (UE) 102 that communicates with a satellite vehicle (SV) 104 via a service link 101. In some embodiments, the SV 104 may be an S&F satellite configured to operate in store and forward mode. In some embodiments, the SV 104 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) . The SV 104 may communicate with an NTN gateway 106 via a feeder link 103. The NTN gateway 106 may provide connectivity between the SV 104 and a public land mobile network (PLMN) 108.
[0024] With continued reference to FIG. 1, the UE 102 may access the PLMN 108 via the SV 104 and the NTN gateway 106. The PLMN 108 may provide access for the UE 102 to other networks 110, an internet 112, and a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 114. The PLMN 108 may also provide access for the UE 102 to endpoints 116. The endpoints 116 may include a first endpoint 116a, a second endpoint 116b, a third endpoint 116c, and a fourth endpoint 116d. The endpoints 116 may include application functions, external clients, and other UEs.
[0025] As further shown in FIG. 1, the service link 101 between the UE 102 and the SV 104 may be based on 5G NR, 4G LTE, a future 6G standard, or another wireless standard. The feeder link 103 between the SV 104 and the NTN gateway 106 may provide connectivity to the PLMN 108 when the feeder link 103 is available. In some cases, the SV 104 may operate in S&F mode when the feeder link 103 is not available, storing information received from the UE 102 and forwarding the information to the PLMN 108 when the feeder link 103 becomes available.
[0026] In some cases, the PLMN 108 may send S&F parameters to the UE 102 in downlink NAS messages. The PLMN 108 may send an S&F Wait Timer to the UE 102 in a downlink NAS message. The PLMN 108 may send an S&F Monitoring List to the UE 102 in a downlink NAS message. The PLMN 108 may send a List of satellite IDs to the UE 102 in a downlink NAS message. The S&F Monitoring List may include a list of satellite IDs or cell IDs. The List of satellite IDs may include satellite IDs or cell IDs associated with S&F operations.
[0027] In some cases, a wireless communications apparatus may include a processor and a memory. The processor may be configured to read code from the memory and implement methods described herein. The wireless communications apparatus may be implemented in the UE 102, the SV 104, or another component of the communication system 100. The processor may execute instructions stored in the memory to perform operations related to receiving messages or indications from a wireless communication node and starting a timer in response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication.
[0028] In some cases, a computer program product may include a computer-readable program medium with code stored thereupon. The code, when executed by a processor, may cause the processor to implement methods described herein. The computer program product may be used in conjunction with the UE 102, the SV 104, or another component of the communication system 100 to perform operations related to managing connections between wireless communication devices and wireless communication nodes in S&F satellite communication scenarios.
[0029] Referring to FIG. 2, a method 200 for managing a connection between the UE 102 and the satellite vehicle 104 of FIG. 1 may be performed by the UE 102. The method 200 may enable the UE 102 to manage a NAS signaling connection with the satellite vehicle 104 based on received messages or indications related to S&F operations.
[0030] The method 200 may begin with a step 210, where the UE 102 receives from the satellite vehicle 104 at least one of (i) a message related to the UE 102 or to a connection between the satellite vehicle 104 and the UE 102, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the satellite vehicle 104. In some cases, the message may include at least one of: an ATTACH ACCEPT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT message, a SERVICE ACCEPT message, an ATTACH REJECT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE REJECT message, or a SERVICE REJECT message. In some cases, the message may include a REGISTRATION ACCEPT message or a REGISTRATION REJECT message.
[0031] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the indication received by the UE 102 in the step 210 may be related to a Store and Forward (S&F) operation. In some cases, the indication may include an S&F Wait Timer. In some cases, the indication may include an S&F Monitoring List. In some cases, the indication may include a list of satellite IDs. The S&F Monitoring List may comprise a list of Satellite IDs identifying satellite vehicles. The S&F Monitoring List may comprise a list of Cell IDs. The list of satellite IDs may comprise Cell IDs.
[0032] The method 200 may then proceed to a step 220, where, in response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the UE 102 starts a timer. The timer may be a timer T3440 or a timer T3540. The UE 102 may start the timer T3440 upon receiving a REGISTRATION ACCEPT message including a Store and Forward Wait Timer with a timer value not set to zero. The UE 102 may start the timer T3540 upon receiving a REGISTRATION ACCEPT message including a Store and Forward Wait Timer with a timer value not set to zero. The UE 102 may start the timer T3440 upon receiving a REGISTRATION REJECT message including a Store and Forward Wait Timer with a timer value not set to zero. The UE 102 may start the timer T3540 upon receiving a REGISTRATION REJECT message including a Store and Forward Wait Timer with a timer value not set to zero.
[0033] In some cases, the UE 102 may start the timer T3440 upon receiving a message including a list of satellite IDs where the current satellite vehicle 104 is not included in the list. In some cases, the UE 102 may start the timer T3540 upon receiving a message including a list of satellite IDs where the current satellite vehicle 104 is not included in the list. In some cases, the UE 102 may start the timer T3440 upon receiving a message including an S&F Monitoring List where the current cell is not included in the list. In some cases, the UE 102 may start the timer T3540 upon receiving a message including an S&F Monitoring List where the current cell is not included in the list.
[0034] As further shown in FIG. 2, upon expiry of the timer T3440 or the timer T3540, the UE 102 may locally release the established NAS signaling connection. The UE 102 may locally release the established NAS signaling connection upon expiry of the timer T3440. The UE 102 may locally release the established NAS signaling connection upon expiry of the timer T3540. The local release of the connection between the UE 102 and the satellite vehicle 104 may enable the UE 102 to perform various operations.
[0035] In some cases, the UE 102 may release the NAS signaling connection to save power. In some cases, the UE 102 may release the NAS signaling connection to search for another satellite vehicle. In some cases, the UE 102 may release the NAS signaling connection to search for another cell. In some cases, the UE 102 may release the NAS signaling connection to search for another public land mobile network.
[0036] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the indication received by the UE 102 may indicates that a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) procedure cannot be completed, since a network (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME) ) or the satellite vehicle 104 is operating in an S&F mode. In some cases, the indication may correspond to semantic errors in QoS operation. The indication may be included in a message received by the UE 102 from the satellite vehicle 104, and the UE 102 may start the timer in response to receiving the message including the indication.
[0037] Referring to FIG. 3, a method 300 for store and forward satellite communications may be performed by the satellite vehicle 104 of FIG. 1. The method 300 may facilitate management of a NAS signaling connection between the satellite vehicle 104 and the UE 102.
[0038] The method 300 may begin with a step 310, where the satellite vehicle 104 sends to the UE 102 at least one of (i) a message related to the UE 102 or to a connection between the satellite vehicle 104 and the UE 102, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the satellite vehicle 104. In some cases, the message may include at least one of: an ATTACH ACCEPT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT message, a SERVICE ACCEPT message, an ATTACH REJECT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE REJECT message, or a SERVICE REJECT message. In some cases, the message may include a REGISTRATION ACCEPT message or a REGISTRATION REJECT message.
[0039] With continued reference to FIG. 3, the indication sent by the satellite vehicle 104 in the step 310 may be related to a Store and Forward (S&F) operation. In some cases, the indication may include an S&F Wait Timer. In some cases, the indication may include an S&F Monitoring List. In some cases, the indication may include a list of satellite IDs. The satellite vehicle 104 may send the message or the indication to the UE 102 via the service link 101.
[0040] The method 300 may then proceed to a step 320, where, in response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the UE 102 is caused to start a timer. The timer may be a timer T3440 or a timer T3540. The UE 102 may be caused to start the timer upon receiving the message including an S&F Wait Timer with a timer value not set to zero. The UE 102 may be caused to start the timer upon receiving the message including a list of satellite IDs where the satellite vehicle 104 is not included in the list. The UE 102 may be caused to start the timer upon receiving the message including an S&F Monitoring List where a current cell is not included in the list.
[0041] As further shown in FIG. 3, the method 300 may enable the UE 102 to initiate a timer-based mechanism for managing the NAS signaling connection between the UE 102 and the satellite vehicle 104. In some cases, upon expiry of the timer, the UE 102 may locally release the NAS signaling connection. The local release of the NAS signaling connection may allow the UE 102 to conserve power or to search for another satellite vehicle, cell, or public land mobile network.
[0042] In some cases, the satellite vehicle 104 may send the message or the indication to the UE 102 without subsequently releasing the NAS signaling connection. The timer started by the UE 102 in response to receiving the message or the indication may serve as a guard timer that allows the UE 102 to locally release the NAS signaling connection upon expiry of the timer. The method 300 may address scenarios where a network does not release the NAS signaling connection, thereby enabling the UE 102 to take action based on the timer expiry.
[0043] A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:receiving, by a wireless communication device from a wireless communication node, at least one of (i) a message related to the wireless communication device or to a connection between the wireless communication node and the wireless communication device, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the wireless communication node; andin response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, starting, by the wireless communication device, a timer.2.The wireless communication method of claim 1, further comprising:in response to detecting expiry of the timer, locally releasing, by the wireless communication device, the connection between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication node.3.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the message includes at least one of:an ATTACH ACCEPT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT message, a SERVICE ACCEPT message, an ATTACH REJECT message, a TRACKING AREA UPDATE REJECT message, or a SERVICE REJECT message.4.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the indication is related to a Store and Forward (S&F) Satellite operation.5.The wireless communication method of claim 4, wherein the indication includes an S&F Monitoring List.6.The wireless communication method of claim 5, wherein the wireless communication node is not on the list.7.The wireless communication method of claim 4, wherein the indication includes an S&F wait time.8.The wireless communication method of claim 7, wherein a value of the S&F wait time is not equal to 0.9.The wireless communication method of claim 4, wherein the indication includes a list of satellite IDs.10.The wireless communication method of claim 9, wherein the wireless communication node is not on the list.11.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the indication indicating a Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) procedure cannot be completed, as the wireless communication node is operating in an S&F mode.12.The wireless communication method of claim 11, wherein the indication corresponds to semantic errors in QoS operation.13.A wireless communication method, comprising:sending, by a wireless communication node to a wireless communication device, at least one of (i) a message related to the wireless communication device or to a connection between the wireless communication node and the wireless communication device, or (ii) an indication related to operation of the wireless communication node;wherein, in response to receiving at least one of the message or the indication, the wireless communication device is configured to start a timer.14.A wireless communications apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement a method recited in any of claims 1 to 14.15.A computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement a method recited in any of claims 1 to 14.