Method to improve the storage stability of uretonimine-modified isocyanate
Triphenylphosphine dihalides effectively quench catalysts in isocyanate compositions, addressing storage issues and ensuring stability and safety in polyurethane production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing isocyanate compositions used in polyurethane production are prone to crystallization and precipitation during storage due to catalyst-induced uretonimine formation, with toxic quenching agents like trifluoromethanesulfonic acid being phased out and safer alternatives offering weaker quenching performance.
The use of triphenylphosphine dihalides or an in-situ generated quenching agents, such as triphenylphosphine dihalides, to quench the catalysts phospholene oxides and sulfides, maintaining effective quenching performance while ensuring safety and handling ease.
The method results in an isocyanate composition with improved storage stability, preventing crystallization and precipitation, and maintaining NCO value and viscosity within acceptable limits, thus facilitating safer and more cost-effective polyurethane production.
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Figure PCTCN2026072151-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
Method to Improve the Storage Stability of Uretonimine-Modified IsocyanateTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for improving the storage stability of uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, including the addition of a quenching agent to exhaust the catalyst for the formation of uretonimine. The present invention also relates to an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having improved storage stability and polyurethanes prepared therefrom.BACKGROUND
[0002] Polyurethanes have been widely used in various applications, such as in construction materials, package industry, automobile industry, etc. For the production of polyurethanes, it is preferable that the isocyanate compositions are used in liquid state. Moreover, the isocyanate compositions usually have to be kept in storage tank for a period of time before mixing with isocyanate-reactive compounds. During storage, the isocyanates are prone to crystallization and precipitation, rendering inferior quality of the raw materials.
[0003] Among those isocyanates, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) , especially 4, 4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI, is one of the most widely used isocyanates in polyurethane industry. However, MDI is in solid state under room temperature. To obtain liquid state of MDI under room temperature, a catalyst is conventionally added into the composition thereof to assist the reaction of MDI to form carbodiimide and uretonimine. Suitable catalyst includes, for example, phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides. The uretonimine-modified isocyanates are in liquid state under room temperature. Nevertheless, the catalyst would continue to promote the uretonimine formation during storage at room temperature, and thus a quenching agent is added to terminate the reaction.
[0004] US7790907B2 discloses a method to produce an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having increased low-temperature tolerance, which includes the addition of phospholene oxide catalyst and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as the stopper. However, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is toxic and cancerogenic, and would be forbidden by European Union from year 2028.
[0005] US2013012698A discloses a process to produce liquid MDI comprising uretonimine-modified isocyanate, which includes the use of methyl oxalyl chloride (CAS 5781-53-3) and ethyl oxalyl chloride (CAS 4755-77-5) as effective deactivators. However, those oxalyl chloride derivatives, though being safer, show much weaker quenching performance as compared with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.
[0006] Thus, it is urgent to find a new candidate to inhibit the reactivity of catalyst after the production for the formation of uretonimine and prevent further transformation of NCO to uretonimine during storage.
[0007] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0008] One object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having improved storage stability.
[0009] The above object is fulfilled by a method for producing an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, said method comprising:
[0010] - reacting a polyisocyanate composition having two or more isocyanate groups in the presence of a catalyst selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides, so as to form uretonimines and uretonimine-oligomers,
[0011] - quenching the reaction with a quenching agent,
[0012] wherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected from triphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, or
[0013] the quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the polyisocyanate composition includes MDI, especially 4,4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst is at least a compound selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides having the following general formulae:
[0016] wherein a, b, d and e are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms inclusive, R is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl and aryl, and X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the quenching agent is selected from triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide.
[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides includes triphenylphosphine + bromine, triphenylphosphine + carbon tetrachloride, triphenylphosphine + 1, 2-dibromoethane, triphenylphosphine oxide + oxalyl chloride, and triphenylphosphine oxide + phosgene / diphosgene / triphosgene.
[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio between the quenching agent and the catalyst is in the range of 1: 1 to 125: 1, preferably 3: 1 to 80: 1, more preferably 5: 1 to 50:1, even more preferably 8: 1 to 25: 1.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of the quenching agent added is in the range of 0.5-980 ppm, preferably 10-300 ppm, more preferably 50-250 ppm, even more preferably 100-180 ppm, based on the total weight of the isocyanate composition.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the step of cooling the composition down to a temperature of 15-40℃ after quenching.
[0022] The present invention also provides an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition with improved storage stability, comprising at least one polyisocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups and 0.5-950 ppm, preferably 10-270 ppm, more preferably 20-220 ppm, even more preferably 70-150 ppm of a quenching agent, the polyisocyanate is partly modified by uretonimine or uretonimine-oligomers, and
[0023] wherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected from triphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, or
[0024] the quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.
[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide polyurethane prepared from the inventive isocyanate composition.
[0026] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0027] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. As used herein, the following terms have the meanings ascribed to them below, unless specified otherwise.
[0028] As used herein, the articles "a" and "an" refer to one or to more than one (i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article. By way of example, "an element" means one element or more than one element.
[0029] As used herein, the term "about" is understood to refer to a range of numbers that a person of skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited value in the context of achieving the same function or result.
[0030] As used herein, the term “additives" refers to additives included in a formulated system to enhance physical or chemical properties thereof and to provide a desired result. Such additives include, but are not limited to, antioxidants, flame retardants, colorants, dyes, pigments, toughening agents, impact modifiers, rheology modifiers, plasticizers, thixotropic agents, natural or synthetic rubbers, filler agents, reinforcing agents, thickening agents, opacifiers, inhibitors, fluorescence or other markers, thermal degradation reducers, thermal resistance conferring agents, surfactants, wetting agents, defoaming agents, dispersants, flow or slip aids, biocides, and stabilizers.
[0031] Unless otherwise identified, all percentages (%) are “percent by weight" . Unless otherwise identified, the term “part” or “parts” refers to part (s) by weight.
[0032] The radical definitions or elucidations given above in general terms or within areas of preference apply to the end products and correspondingly to the starting materials and intermediates. These radical definitions can be combined with one another as desired, i.e. including combinations between the general definition and / or the respective ranges of preference and / or the embodiments.
[0033] All the embodiments and the preferred embodiments disclosed herein can be combined as desired, which are also regarded as being covered within the scope of the present invention.
[0034] Unless otherwise identified, the temperature refers to room temperature and the pressure refers to ambient pressure.
[0035] The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that, by using the method according to the present invention, an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition with improved storage stability can be obtained, in which the quenching agent can be handled in a much safer manner, while at the same time, maintaining excellent quenching effect to the catalyst used.
[0036] The present invention thus provides a method for producing an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, said method comprising:
[0037] - reacting a polyisocyanate composition having two or more isocyanate groups in the presence of a catalyst selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides, so as to form uretonimines and uretonimine-oligomers,
[0038] - quenching the reaction with a quenching agent,
[0039] wherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected from triphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, or
[0040] the quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.
[0041] In the production of polyurethanes, it is advantageous to use the isocyanate composition in liquid state. However, various isocyanates are in solid state under room temperature due to the high melting points thereof. A specific example is diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) , especially 4, 4-MDI or the mixture of 2, 4’ -MDI and 4, 4’ -MDI, which is one of the most important isocyanates in polyurethane industry. To obtain liquid isocyanate, especially liquid MDI, it has to be melted and maintained at a higher temperature, such as 45℃. This increases complexity and cost for the use thereof. Moreover, during storage at higher temperature, certain undesired byproducts may be produced within the composition, which contaminates the raw materials. To obtain a liquid isocyanate composition under room temperature, a catalyst is added into the isocyanate composition to transfer the monomeric isocyanate compounds to uretonimine or uretonimine-oligomer modified isocyanates. Uretonimine is formed from the dimerization of two molecules of, for example, MDI, and the formed uretonimine can further react with another MDI molecule to form an oligomeric uretonimine. In this context, the term “uretonimine” may include uretonimine, oligomeric uretonimine and mixture thereof.
[0042] Suitable catalyst to form uretonimine of the isocyanates is selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides having the following general formulae:
[0043] wherein a, b, d and e are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms inclusive, R is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl and aryl, and X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur.
[0044] The hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms inclusive includes, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-buyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and is preferably methyl or ethyl. R is preferably C1-C6 alkyl and phenyl, and more preferably is methyl, ethyl or phenyl.
[0045] Preferably, the catalyst used is selected from 1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-sulfide, 1-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-methyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-sulfide, and the isomeric phospholenes corresponding to the above named compounds and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the catalyst used is 1-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide or 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide.
[0046] The amount of the catalyst added is typically in the range of 0.1-50 ppm, preferably 1-20 ppm, more preferably 3-10 ppm, based on the total weight of the isocyanate composition.
[0047] The uretonimine may be formed from various polyisocyanates, including, but not limited to, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) , such as 4, 4’ -MDI, 2, 4’ -MDI and / or 2,2’ -MDI isomers and mixtures thereof; aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates, for example tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-and / or octamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methylpentamethylene 1, 5-diisocyanate, 2-ethyltetramethylene 1, 4-diisocyanate, hexamethylene 1, 6-diisocyanate (HDI) , pentamethylene 1, 5-diisocyanate, butylene 1,4-diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene 1, 6-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI) , 1, 4-and / or 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (HXDI) , cyclohexane 1, 4-diisocyanate, 1-methylcyclohexane 2, 4-and / or 2, 6-diisocyanate, methylene dicyclohexyl 4, 4′-, 2, 4′-and / or 2, 2′-diisocyanate (H12MDI) ; other aromatic diisocyanates, for example, naphthylene 1, 5-diisocyanate (NDI) , tolylene 2, 4-and / or 2, 6-diisocyanate (TDI) , 3, 3′-dimethyl-4, 4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl (TODI) , p-phenylene diisocyanate (PDI) , diphenylethane 4, 4′-diisocyanate (EDI) , 1, 3-Bis (isocyanatomethyl) benzene (XDI) , diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dimethyl diphenyl 3, 3′-diisocyanate, diphenylethane 1,2-diisocyanate and / or phenylene diisocyanate; higher-functionality isocyanates, such as toluene 2, 4, 6-triisocyanate, 4, 4’ -dimethyldiphenylmethane-2, 2’ , 5, 5’ -tetraisocyanate; and polymeric isocyanates, such as polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate. Preferred is 4, 4’ -MDI or the mixture thereof with other isocyanates, such as the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI. For example, it is preferred to use an isocyanate composition comprising 80-100 wt%of 4, 4’ -MDI and 0-20 wt%of 2, 4’ -MDI, and more preferably an isocyanate composition comprising 90-100 wt%of 4, 4’ -MDI and 0-10 wt%of 2, 4’ -MDI.
[0048] The isocyanate composition, besides the polyisocyanates and catalyst, may comprise other additives, such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, thixotropic agents, moisture absorbents, flow aids, if these additives do not interfere with the reaction of the isocyanates. Suitable antioxidants include phenolic type antioxidants, such as BHT (CAS 128-37-0) , Irganox 1076 (2082-79-3) , Irganox 1010 (CAS 6683-19-8) , Irganox 1135 (CAS 125643-61-0) , Anox 1315 (CAS 171090-93-0) , Ralox 926 (CAS 4306-88-1) , Isonox 132 (CAS 17540-75-9) , Rianox MD-1024 (CAS 32687-78-8) , Rianox MD-697 (CAS 70331-94-1) , Rianox 1098 (CAS 23128-74-7) , Rianox 3114 (CAS 27676-62-6) , Rianox (CAS 36443-68-2) , Rianox 1520 (CAS 110553-27-0) , Rianox 1726 (CAS 110675-26-8) , Rianox 1035 (CAS 41484-35-9) , Rianox 1135R (CAS 144429-84-5) , Rianox 1315 (CAS 171090-93-0) , Rianox 330 (CAS 1709-70-2) , Rianox 1790 (CAS 40601-76-1) and thioesters. The UV absorbers can be benzotriazoles or benzophenones, such as Chimassorb 81 (CAS 1843-05-6) , Tinuvin 99-2 (CAS 127519-17-9 / 108-65-6) , Tinuvin 326 (CAS 3896-11-5) , Tinuvin 384-2 (CAS 127519-17-9 / 108-65-6) , Tinuvin 900 (CAS 70321-86-7) , Tinuvin 928 (CAS 73936-91-1) , Tinuvin 1130 (CAS 104810-48-2) , Tinuvin Carboprotect (CAS 2440-22-4) , Tinuvin 460 (CAS 147315-50-2) , Tinuvin 477, Tinuvin 400 (CAS 153519-44-9) , Tinuvin 405 (CAS 137658-79-8) , Tinuvin 479 (CAS 153519-44-9) . The light stabilizers can be sterically hindered amines or secondary phenylamines, for example, Irganox 5057 (CAS 68411-46-1) , Tinuvin 770 (CAS 52829-07-9) , Riasorb UV-660 (CAS 42774-15-2) , Riasorb UN-3853 (CAS 167078-06-0) , Tinuvin 783 (CAS 70624-18-9 / 71878-19-8) , Chimassorb 2020 (CAS 192268-64-7) , Chimassorb 119 (CAS 106990-43-6) , Rianox 5067 (CAS 36878-20-3) or combinations thereof. Moisture absorbent may also be added into the isocyanate composition to extract water. The single usage or combination utilization of the above additives should have a synergistic effect to further improve the deactivating effect of the quenching agents this invention discloses.
[0049] To form the uretonimine-modified isocyanates, the isocyanates contained in the composition are reacted with each other at the temperature of 80-130℃, preferably 90-120℃ in the presence of the catalyst mentioned above. The uretonimines formed in the reaction are a mixture that includes 3-functional, six ring uretonimine, 4-functional, ten ring uretonimine, and / or 5-functional, fourteen ring uretonimine. A specific example of the reaction is shown below, in which the first reaction is to form a carbodiimide intermediate, and it further reacts with another molecule to form a 3-functional, six ring uretonimine.
[0050] This uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition is in liquid state under room temperature, and can be stored for a prolonged period without obvious crystallization or the precipitation of large amounts of byproducts. Nevertheless, as more isocyanates are reacted to form the uretonimine-modified isocyanates, the isocyanate value (i.e., NCO value) is reduced. It is not desirable that the NCO value decreases drastically, since the reactive NCO groups are intended to be used to form polyurethane by reacting with, for example, OH group or amine group of the isocyanate-reactive components. Typically, the uretonimine modification is carried out to the extent that the NCO value is reduced to be within 75-95%of the original NCO value of the unmodified isocyanate composition. However, when such NCO value is reached, the catalyst added would keep on catalyzing the uretonimine formation. Thus, a quenching agent is needed to exhaust the catalyst and maintain the desired NCO value of the modified isocyanate composition.
[0051] Various quenching agents are proposed and tested in the prior art.
[0052] Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is one of the most effective quenching agents used; however, it is toxic, cancerogenic and would be forbidden by European Union from year 2028. Other quenching agents, such as oxalyl chloride derivatives, are proposed to replace trifluoromethanesulfonic acid for better safety; however, they show much weaker terminating performance.
[0053] The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that, certain triphenylphosphine dihalides are suitable for use as the quenching agents, which show high quenching performance comparable to trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, while at the same time, are safe to use and easy to handle in practical applications.
[0054] In these triphenylphosphine dihalides, the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine. Preferred quenching agents include triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide.
[0055] In certain embodiments, the quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides defined above. Such reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides includes triphenylphosphine + bromine, triphenylphosphine + carbon tetrachloride, triphenylphosphine + 1, 2-dibromoethane, triphenylphosphine oxide + oxalyl chloride, and triphenylphosphine oxide + phosgene / diphosgene / triphosgene. The compounds formulating the reactive system can be directly added into the reaction mixture after the formation of the uretonimine, and react with each other to produce the triphenylphosphine dihalides in-situ. The added amount of each compound in the reactive system can be calculated based on the intended amount of quenching agent required for the quenching, or can be added in slight excess amount. It is to be noted that, in the context of the present invention, the term “quenching agent” refers only to the compound that quenches the catalytic reaction, such as the triphenylphosphine dihalides as defined above, and does not include the compounds formulating the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides, or the reactive system formulated.
[0056] The amount of the quenching agent can be added in the range of 0.5-980 ppm, preferably 10-300 ppm, more preferably 50-250 ppm, even more preferably 100-180 ppm, based on the total weight of the isocyanate composition. Higher amounts of the quenching agent can also be added, but is not recommendable for economic reason.In an embodiment, the molar ratio between the quenching agent and the catalyst is in the range of 1: 1 to 125: 1, preferably 3: 1 to 80: 1, more preferably 5: 1 to 50: 1, even more preferably 8: 1 to 25: 1. Moreover, it is preferred that the quenching agent is added in an excess amount of at least 50%, relative to the molar amount of the catalyst. By adding an excess amount of the quenching agent, it is guaranteed that the catalyst is almost completely exhausted and the uretonimine formation is substantially stopped. The remaining amount of the quenching agent can be kept within the isocyanate composition.
[0057] The quenching of the catalyst by the quenching agent can be carried out at the temperature of 5-120℃, preferably 25-90℃. During the quenching, the quenching agent is reacted with the catalyst, and is inert to the isocyanates. The time period for the quenching is not particularly limited, and can be 0.5-5 hours, or 1-3 hours. The quenching produces a stable isocyanate composition having an NCO value of, for example, 20.0 to 32.0 (in %) , preferably 24.0 to 31.0, more preferably 28.0 to 30.0. In an embodiment, the NCO value of the isocyanate composition has a decrease of 30%or lower, preferably 20%or lower, more preferably 10%or lower after storage for 8 weeks at 50℃. The NCO value can be determined according to ASTM D5155-19.
[0058] The formation of uretonimine also causes increase of the viscosity of the isocyanate composition. Thus, the viscosity of the composition is another measurement parameter of the quenching performance. The viscosity of the isocyanate composition is in the range of, for example, 30 to 500 cps, preferably 30 to 150 cps, more preferably 30 to 100 cps. In an embodiment, the viscosity of the isocyanate composition has an increase of 500%or lower, preferably 200%or lower, preferably 100%or lower after storage for 8 weeks at 50℃. The viscosity of the isocyanate composition can be determined according to ISO 3219-2021.
[0059] During the reaction, the isocyanate composition is firstly mixed with the catalyst under heating for a period of time, so as to achieve certain NCO value. Then, the mixture is cooled to a lower temperature, and the quenching agent is added into the mixture under stirring, or the compounds formulating the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides are added into the mixture in sequence separately and respectively under stirring. After quenching, the isocyanate composition can be cooled down to a temperature of 15-40℃. The mixing and cooling steps can be performed by conventional methods with customarily used apparatus.
[0060] In a further embodiment, a second portion of polyisocyanates can be added into the composition after the quenching. Such a second polyisocyanate may be the same as the polyisocyanate initially present in the composition or be a different polyisocyanate. The type of such a second polyisocyanate can be any isocyanate described above.
[0061] The present invention also provides an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, which is produced by the method according to the present invention. Moreover, the present invention provides an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition with improved storage stability, comprising at least one polyisocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups and 0.5-950 ppm, preferably 10-270 ppm, more preferably 20-220 ppm, even more preferably 70-150 ppm of a quenching agent, the polyisocyanate is partly modified by uretonimine or uretonimine-oligomers, and
[0062] wherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected from triphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, or
[0063] the quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the polyisocyanate composition includes MDI, especially 4,4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI. In a further embodiment, the quenching agent includes triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and / or triphenylphosphine diiodide. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition according to the present invention may comprise 4, 4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI, as well as 0.5-950 ppm, preferably 10-270 ppm, more preferably 20-220 ppm, even more preferably 70-150 ppm of triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and / or triphenylphosphine diiodide. In another embodiment, the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides includes triphenylphosphine + bromine, triphenylphosphine + carbon tetrachloride, triphenylphosphine + 1, 2-dibromoethane, triphenylphosphine oxide + oxalyl chloride, and triphenylphosphine oxide + phosgene / diphosgene / triphosgene. Such an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition is in liquid state under room temperature, and can be stored for a prolonged period without substantial crystallization or precipitation of byproducts. It can be used directly to form polyurethanes with isocyanate-reactive compounds, and does not need to be melted before use, which is easy to handle and cost effective.
[0065] The present invention further provides polyurethanes prepared from the uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition according to the present invention.Examples
[0066] The present invention will now be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0067] The following starting materials were used:
[0068] Isocyanates:
[0069] 4,4’ -MDI: commercially available from BASF as Lupranate ME;
[0070] 2,4’ -MDI: commercially available from BASF as Lupranate MI.
[0071] Catalyst:
[0072] 3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide (MPPO) : commercially available from
[0073] Alfa as A11792.
[0074] Quenching agents:
[0075] Triphenylphosphine dichloride: commercially available from Sigma Aldrich as 378755;
[0076] Triphenylphosphine dibromide: commercially available from Sigma Aldrich as 270946;
[0077] Triphenylphosphine diiodide: commercially available from Sigma Aldrich as 419184.
[0078] Measurement methods:
[0079] Viscosity is determined according to ISO 3219-2021;
[0080] NCO value is determined according to ASTM D5155-19.
[0081] Example 1:
[0082] 100 parts by weight of MDI mixture, including about 95 wt%of 4, 4’ -MDI and about 5 wt%of 2, 4’ -MDI, were mixed with 0.00045 parts of MPPO. The mixture thus obtained was heated to a temperature of about 105℃, and maintained for one hour to reach an NCO value of about 29.34. The mixture was then cooled to a temperature of about 60℃, and 0.0078 parts of triphenylphosphine dichloride were added into the mixture under stirring. After quenching for one hour, the mixture was cooled down to 25℃. The end product was a clear colorless liquid.
[0083] Examples 2-3
[0084] Examples 2-3 were performed in the same manner as example 1, except that triphenylphosphine dichloride was replaced by triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide, respectively, and the added amount of each quenching agent was adjusted to be ten times of the molar amount of MPPO used.
[0085] Comparative examples 1-5:
[0086] Comparative examples 1-5 were performed in the same manner as example 1, except that triphenylphosphine dichloride was omitted or replaced by other quenching agents as shown in tables 1-2. The amount of each quenching agent was adjusted to guarantee that the molar amount of each quenching agent was adjusted to be ten times of the molar amount of the MPPO used.
[0087] The isocyanate compositions obtained in these examples and comparative examples were stored at a temperature of about 50℃. At the time points of 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks, a sample was taken out from each composition to test the viscosity and NCO value of each sample. The quenching agent used for each example and comparative example and the viscosity and NCO values determined are summarized in the following tables 1 and 2.
[0088] Table 1:
[0089] Table 2:
[0090] From the above tables, it can be seen that the isocyanate compositions quenched with the three triphenylphosphine dihalides all exhibit comparable increase of viscosity and decrease of NCO value upon storage for 8 weeks as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Triphenylphosphine diiodide even performs slightly better than trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Other quenching agents used in the comparative examples 2-4 show much inferior performance.
[0091] Examples 4-6:
[0092] In example 4, 7 isocyanate compositions were obtained. Each composition was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the added amount of triphenylphosphine dichloride was changed to be 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm for each sample, respectively.
[0093] Examples 5-6 were carried out in the same manner as example 4, except that triphenylphosphine dichloride was replaced by triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide, respectively.
[0094] The isocyanate compositions obtained in all of these examples were stored at a temperature of about 50℃. At the time points of 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks, a sample was taken out from each composition to test the viscosity and NCO value of each sample. The viscosity and NCO value determined for each sample are summarized in the following tables 3, 4 and 5.
[0095] Table 3: Testing results for example 4
[0096] Table 4: Testing results for example 5
[0097] Table 5: Testing results for example 6
[0098] It can be seen from the above tables that all the three triphenylphosphine dihalides are effective in quenching the catalyst used to reduce the increase of viscosity and decrease of NCO value, even in an amount of 10 ppm. The more amounts added, the better quenching effect can be obtained.
[0099] The structures, materials, compositions, and methods described herein are intended to be representative examples of the invention, and it will be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited by the scope of the examples. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be practiced with variations on the disclosed structures, materials, compositions and methods, and such variations are regarded as within the ambit of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.A method for producing an uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, said method comprising:- reacting a polyisocyanate composition having two or more isocyanate groups in the presence of a catalyst selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides, so as to form uretonimines and uretonimine-oligomers,- quenching the reaction with a quenching agent,wherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected fromtriphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, orthe quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyisocyanate includes MDI, especially 4, 4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI.3.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the catalyst is at least a compound selected from phospholene oxides and phospholene sulfides having the following general formulae: wherein a, b, d and e are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms inclusive, R is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl and aryl, and X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur.4.The method according to claim 3, wherein the catalyst is selected from 1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-methoxyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-ethylthio-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-phenoxyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-benzyloxy-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-sulfide, 1-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-methyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2-phospholene-1-sulfide, and the isomeric phospholenes corresponding to the above named compounds and mixtures thereof, and is especially 1-methyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide or 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide.5.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the quenching agent is selected from triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide.6.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides includes triphenylphosphine + bromine, triphenylphosphine + carbon tetrachloride, triphenylphosphine + 1, 2-dibromoethane, triphenylphosphine oxide + oxalyl chloride, and triphenylphosphine oxide + phosgene / diphosgene / triphosgene.7.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the molar ratio between the quenching agent and the catalyst is in the range of 1: 1 to 125: 1, preferably 3: 1 to 80:1, more preferably 5: 1 to 50: 1, even more preferably 8: 1 to 25: 1.8.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the amount of the quenching agent added is in the range of 0.5-980 ppm, preferably 10-300 ppm, more preferably 50-250 ppm, even more preferably 100-180 ppm, based on the total weight of the isocyanate composition.9.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the amount of the catalyst added is in the range of 0.1-50 ppm, preferably 1-20 ppm, more preferably 3-10 ppm, based on the total weight of the isocyanate composition.10.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the formation of uretonimine in the presence of the catalyst is carried out at the temperature of 80-130℃, preferably 90-120℃.11.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the quenching of the catalyst by the quenching agent is carried out at the temperature of 5-120℃, preferably 25-90℃.12.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the quenching agent is added in an excess molar amount of at least 50%, relative to the molar amount of the catalyst.13.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the isocyanate composition may optionally comprise additives, such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, thixotropic agents, moisture absorbents, flow aids.14.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the NCO value of the isocyanate composition under 50 ℃ has a decrease of 30%or lower, preferably 20%or lower, more preferably 10%or lower after storage for 8 weeks.15.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the viscosity of the isocyanate composition under 50 ℃ has an increase of 500%or lower, 200%or lower, preferably 100%or lower after storage for 8 weeks.16.The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which comprises the step of cooling the composition down to a temperature of 15-40℃ after quenching.17.An uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition, which is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16.18.An uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition with improved storage stability, comprising at least one polyisocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups and 0.5-950 ppm, preferably 10-270 ppm, more preferably 20-220 ppm, even more preferably 70-150 ppm of a quenching agent, the polyisocyanate is partly modified by uretonimine or uretonimine-oligomers, andwherein the quenching agent is at least one compound selected fromtriphenylphosphine dihalides, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and the halogen is independently from each other selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine, orthe quenching agent is produced via an in-situ reaction by a reactive system that can generate said triphenylphosphine dihalides.19.The composition according to claim 18, wherein the polyisocyanate composition includes MDI, especially 4, 4’ -MDI or the mixture of 4, 4’ -MDI and 2, 4’ -MDI.20.The composition according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the quenching agent is selected from triphenylphosphine dichloride, triphenylphosphine dibromide and triphenylphosphine diiodide.21.The composition according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the reactive system that can generate the triphenylphosphine dihalides includes triphenylphosphine + bromine, triphenylphosphine + carbon tetrachloride, triphenylphosphine + 1, 2-dibromoethane, triphenylphosphine oxide + oxalyl chloride, and triphenylphosphine oxide + phosgene / diphosgene / triphosgene.22.The composition according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein isocyanate composition has an NCO value of 21.0 to 32.0.23.The composition according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the isocyanate composition may optionally comprise additives, such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, thixotropic agents, moisture absorbents, flow aids.24.Polyurethane, which is prepared from the isocyanate composition according to any one of claims 18 to 23.