Additive manufacturing tool head provided with lifting / lowering motor and switching motor, and additive manufacturing device

Abstract

An additive manufacturing tool head provided with a lifting / lowering motor and a switching motor, and an additive manufacturing device. The additive manufacturing tool head comprises a mounting body, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, and a filament channel. The mounting body is provided with an extrusion mechanism, a switching mechanism, a lifting / lowering mechanism, a linear guide mounting portion, the first nozzle, and the second nozzle. The extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion wheel and an extrusion motor. The switching mechanism comprises a switching motor, a first pressing wheel, and a second pressing wheel. The lifting / lowering mechanism comprises a lifting / lowering motor and a lifting / lowering motor reduction mechanism, the lifting / lowering motor driving the first nozzle to move up / down. The process of switching the first nozzle from an operating state to a standby state is: the switching motor first drives the first pressing wheel to disengage from the extrusion wheel, and then the lifting / lowering motor drives the first nozzle to move up, so as to prevent the first pressing wheel from continuing to extrude a filament downward when the first nozzle moves up while the first pressing wheel is still engaged with the extrusion wheel; or, while the lifting / lowering motor drives the first nozzle to move up, the extrusion mechanism is controlled to pull the filament upward synchronously, so that the filament remains relatively stationary within the first nozzle.

Description

Additive printing tool head with lifting motor and switching motor and additive printer

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 2025100650296, filed on January 15, 2025, and entitled "Additive printing tool head with lifting motor and switching motor", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of printing technology, in particular, to an additive printing tool head with lifting motor and switching motor and an additive printer. BACKGROUND

[0003] In recent years, additive printers have developed rapidly, among which additive printers with multiple nozzles can meet the printing needs of users for color models.

[0004] Among them, the double-nozzle printing assembly is a common printing assembly, such as US2024 / 0009927A1 and CN115091750B, both of which provide a double-nozzle printing assembly. Through the driving of the driving mechanism and the cooperation of the transmission structure, the first nozzle can move up and down relative to the second nozzle, so that when the working nozzle is applied, the idle nozzle will not interfere with the printing model. Collision, and at the same time drive the extrusion mechanism to act to switch the extrusion position of the wire to correspond to the first nozzle or the second nozzle.

[0005] In the above-mentioned prior art, a single driving mechanism and a complex transmission structure are used to drive the extrusion mechanism and the wire switching mechanism at the same time, resulting in a large volume of the driving mechanism and the transmission structure. Since a single driving mechanism is used to drive the lifting of the printing nozzle, the extrusion and switching of the wire, this operation mode usually directly acts on the lifting of the printing nozzle, and there is a problem of not flexible and accurate control. SUMMARY

[0006] Based on the existence of the above technical problems, the present application proposes an additive printing tool head with lifting motor and switching motor and an additive printer, which uses three motors to drive the lifting of the printing nozzle, the extrusion and switching of the wire, so that the lifting of the printing nozzle and the extrusion and switching of the wire are decoupled, avoiding the unexpected overflow of the wire.

[0007] The additive printing tool head comprises a mounting body, a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a wire channel; the mounting body is provided with an extrusion mechanism, a switching mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a wire rail mounting portion, the first nozzle and the second nozzle; the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion wheel and an extrusion motor; the switching mechanism comprises a switching motor, a first pressure roller and a second pressure roller; the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting motor and a lifting motor speed reduction mechanism, and the lifting motor drives the first nozzle to lift; wherein the process of switching the first nozzle from a printing state to a lifted state comprises: the switching motor first drives the first pressure roller to disengage from the extrusion wheel, and then the lifting motor drives the first nozzle to lift, so as to avoid the first pressure roller from continuously extruding the wire downward when the first nozzle is lifted without disengaging from the extrusion wheel; or, the lifting motor drives the first nozzle to lift at the same time, and the extrusion mechanism is controlled to pull the wire to synchronously lift, so as to keep the wire relatively stationary in the first nozzle.

[0008] The mounting body comprises a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion, the first mounting portion is at least partially fixed to the upper portion of the second mounting portion, the extrusion mechanism and the switching mechanism are arranged on the first mounting portion, and the lifting mechanism, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are arranged on the second mounting portion; the wire rail mounting portion is arranged on the first mounting portion or the second mounting portion.

[0009] The extrusion mechanism further comprises an extrusion motor speed reduction mechanism, the switching mechanism further comprises a switching cam, a first swing mechanism, a second swing mechanism and an elastic element, and the first swing mechanism and the second swing mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the switching cam; the extrusion motor and the switching motor are arranged side by side on the first side of the first mounting portion and above the wire rail mounting portion, and the lifting motor is arranged on the first side of the second mounting portion; the first swing mechanism, the second swing mechanism and the elastic element are arranged on the second side of the first mounting portion, which is the side opposite to the first side.

[0010] The first swing mechanism comprises a first switching portion, a first hinged portion, a first pressure roller and a first swing pivot portion arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the second swing mechanism comprises a second switching portion, a second hinged portion, a second pressure roller and a second swing pivot portion arranged in sequence from top to bottom; one end of the elastic element is connected to the first hinged portion, and the other end is connected to the second hinged portion; when the switching cam applies a biasing force to the second switching portion, the second pressure roller moves away from the extrusion wheel, and the first pressure roller moves close to the extrusion wheel, thereby cooperating to convey the first wire; when the switching cam applies a biasing force to the first switching portion, the first pressure roller moves away from the extrusion wheel, and the second pressure roller moves close to the extrusion wheel, thereby cooperating to convey the second wire.

[0011] The extrusion motor speed reduction mechanism comprises a first speed reduction gear, which is arranged in the center of the second side of the first mounting portion; and adopts one-stage speed reduction transmission between the extrusion motor output shaft and the first speed reduction gear, and the extrusion wheel is coaxially arranged with the first speed reduction gear.

[0012] The switching mechanism further includes a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, and a switching motor reduction mechanism; the switching motor reduction mechanism is connected to the first transmission gear, and the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are disposed on the second side of the first mounting part; the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are meshed and connected, and the second transmission gear drives the switching cam to swing; the switching cam is disposed above the first reduction gear.

[0013] The device also includes a first cover, which is disposed on the second side of the first mounting portion; the first cover is provided with a first limiting member and a second limiting member; the first swing mechanism is provided with a first wire limiting mechanism, and the second swing mechanism is provided with a second wire limiting mechanism; when the first wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the first limiting member and the first wire limiting mechanism cooperate to restrict the upward movement of the first wire in the first wire channel; when the second wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the second limiting member and the second wire limiting mechanism cooperate to restrict the upward movement of the second wire in the second wire channel.

[0014] The first limiting member includes a first steel ball and a first mounting groove, and the second limiting member includes a second steel ball and a second mounting groove; the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are disposed on the first cover.

[0015] The first wire limiting mechanism includes a first movable limiting component and a first limiting structure, and the second wire limiting mechanism includes a second movable limiting component and a second limiting structure.

[0016] The first wire limiting mechanism further includes a first elastic reset member disposed on the first swing mechanism, and the second wire limiting mechanism further includes a second elastic reset member disposed on the second swing mechanism.

[0017] One end of the first elastic reset member is connected to the first movable limiting member, and the other end is connected to the first swing mechanism. When the first wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the first movable limiting member moves away from the wire under the action of the first elastic reset member.

[0018] One end of the second elastic reset member is connected to the second movable limit member, and the other end is connected to the second swing mechanism. When the second wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the second movable limit member moves away from the wire under the action of the second elastic reset member.

[0019] Wherein, when the first limiting member cooperates with the first wire limiting mechanism to limit the first wire in the first wire channel, it is recorded as the limiting position; when the first wire is in the working state, it is recorded as the working position; wherein, between the limiting position and the working position, the switching motor first drives the first pressure roller to disengage from the extrusion roller, and then the lifting motor drives the first nozzle to rise.

[0020] The switching cam is provided with a cam positioning block, and the cam positioning block is provided with a magnetic element; the first cover or the mounting body is provided with a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor to detect the swing angle of the switching cam or to detect the swing position of the first swing mechanism and the second swing mechanism; the first cover or the mounting body is also provided with a first positioning boss and a second positioning boss to limit the swing range of the cam positioning block.

[0021] The elastic element is a spring. When the switching action of the switching cam is in the middle state, the spring tension is large. When the switching cam acts on the first switching part or the second switching part, the spring is in a non-horizontal state and the tension is small.

[0022] The first swing pivot and the second swing pivot are respectively located near the lower ends of the first swing mechanism and the second swing mechanism.

[0023] The lifting mechanism includes a drive rocker arm, a drive roller, a drive block, a drive slider, and a drive rail. The drive rocker arm and drive roller are located on the second side of the second mounting part, which is the side opposite to the first side. One end of the drive rocker arm is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor via a drive transmission or direct connection, and the other end is provided with a drive roller. The drive rail is located on the first side of the second mounting part, and the drive slider is slidably mounted on the drive rail. The drive block is located on the first, second, and third sides of the second mounting part. The first sidewall of the drive block on the first side of the second mounting part is fixedly connected to the drive slider. A first nozzle is provided on one side of the drive slider, and the second sidewall of the drive block on the second side of the second mounting part is provided with a groove that cooperates with the drive roller.

[0024] The slide is a U-shaped slide, which has a closed side and an open side along the horizontal direction of the drive block. The drive roller can be installed into the U-shaped slide from the open side. When the lifting motor drives the drive rocker to rotate, the drive roller moves along the wall of the U-shaped slide, causing the drive block to drive the drive slider to move up and down along the drive rail.

[0025] The width of the U-shaped chute in the vertical direction is larger than that of the drive roller, so that the drive roller fits into the upper wall of the U-shaped chute.

[0026] It also includes a limiting part for limiting the range of motion of the drive roller. The limiting part is the groove wall on the closed side of the U-shaped chute; or the limiting part is a protruding structure set on the mounting body or on a structural member fixed relative to the mounting body; or the limiting part is a limiting block set on the gearbox side of the lifting and deceleration mechanism.

[0027] It also includes a nozzle-closing mechanism; the lifting motor drives the first nozzle and the nozzle-closing mechanism to move. When the first nozzle begins to descend from the upper limit position, the nozzle-closing mechanism moves before the first nozzle. When the first nozzle moves from the lower limit position toward the upper limit position, the first nozzle reaches the upper limit position first, and then the nozzle-closing mechanism reaches the first working position.

[0028] The second nozzle is fixedly mounted on the second side of the second mounting part and is arranged adjacent to the first nozzle.

[0029] The lifting motor is either a brushed motor or a brushless motor; it also includes an angle measuring sensor for measuring the rotation angle of the output shaft of the lifting motor or the transmission shaft of the lifting motor reduction mechanism; the angle measuring sensor includes a magnetic ring and a dual linear Hall sensor, or includes a magnetic ring and a magnetic encoder.

[0030] The lifting speed or position signal of the first nozzle, obtained based on the measurement data from the angle measuring sensor, is used to control the speed at which the extrusion mechanism pulls the wire upward synchronously.

[0031] The present invention also provides an additive printer that uses the additive printing tool head of the present invention as described above.

[0032] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be explained in detail through the introduction of specific technical features and technical solutions in specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the beneficial technical effects brought about by these technical features and technical solutions through the introduction of these technical features and technical solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the motor layout of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a front view of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first fan of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second cooling mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a side view of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the overall structure of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the extrusion and switching mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 is a front view of the extrusion and switching mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0043] Figures 10a, 10b, and 10c are schematic diagrams of the operation of a switching mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 is an exploded view of the extrusion mechanism, switching mechanism, and cutting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the first side wall of the drive block of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the third side of the drive block of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the second side wall of the drive block of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention and its lifting transmission with the first nozzle;

[0048] Figure 15 is a front view of the extrusion, switching and cutting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the first cutting mechanism of an additive printing tool head of the present invention in the working position;

[0050] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the first cutting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the first cutter mechanism of an additive printing tool head of the present invention in a non-working position;

[0052] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the first cover and the material guide cover of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 20 is a partial schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the drive block of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the metal foil coil of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the lifting motor reduction mechanism and the nozzle plugging mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a nozzle-blocking mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention, which blocks the second nozzle;

[0058] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the sealing movement process of the plugging mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a nozzle-blocking mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention, which blocks the first nozzle.

[0060] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the lowering position of the drive block of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the intermediate state of the drive block rising and falling in the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of the rising position of the drive block of the lifting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 30 is a top view of a limiting member and a wire limiting mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of a limiting member and a wire limiting mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 32 is a partial schematic diagram of the first limiting member and the first wire limiting mechanism of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 33 is a partial schematic diagram of the second limiting member of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0067] Figure 34 is a partial schematic diagram of the first limiting member of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0068] Figure 35 is a partial schematic diagram of a wire limiting mechanism for an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0069] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the positioning block and Hall element of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0070] Figure 37 is a schematic diagram of the cable fixing structure and follower baffle of an additive printing tool head according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 38 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cable fixing structure and the follower baffle in Figure 37;

[0072] Figure 39 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the driving block in Figure 29;

[0073] Figure 40 is a schematic diagram of one working state of the follower baffle in Figure 37;

[0074] Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of another working state of the follower baffle in Figure 37. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0076] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0078] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0079] Regarding the prior art mentioned in the background section, after extensive experimentation and analysis, the present invention has also discovered the following further technical problems:

[0080] The arrangement of the extrusion mechanism, switching mechanism, cutting mechanism, lifting mechanism and cooling mechanism of the tool head in the existing technology is not compact enough, and the force applied by each mechanism component is not optimized, resulting in a large tool head size and the cutter being detachable, which may cause safety problems.

[0081] In the prior art, when one of the wires in the tool head is not in operation, the wire may be pulled as the tool head moves, which may lead to inaccurate control of the next flush volume of the nozzle, or may pull some melted but not completely solidified wire into the throat of the hot end, thus clogging the nozzle.

[0082] The existing tool head lifting nozzle's movable hot end still has the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency. If the air outlet is aimed at the position where the movable hot end is below, there will be a misalignment between the air outlet and the heat sink of the movable hot end when the movable hot end is above, meaning that some air will not reach the heat sink.

[0083] Based on the discovery of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a series of technical solutions to solve the problems of the prior art discovered by the present invention one by one.

[0084] Layout of the tool head components and extrusion mechanism

[0085] As shown in Figures 1-7, the additive printing tool head of the present invention includes a mounting body, a first nozzle 51, a second nozzle 52, and a filament channel. The mounting body is provided with an extrusion mechanism 3, a filament rail mounting part 101, a lifting mechanism, the first nozzle 51, and the second nozzle 52. The extrusion mechanism 3 includes an extrusion motor 301, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor 501. The extrusion motor 301 is mounted on the first side of the mounting body and located above the filament rail mounting part 101, while the lifting motor 501 is mounted on the first side of the mounting body and located below the filament rail mounting part 101. The invention also includes a switching mechanism 4, which includes a switching motor 401, arranged side-by-side on one side of the extrusion motor 301. The separately configured extrusion motor, lifting motor, and switching motor execute actions according to control commands, effectively preventing interference between printhead lifting, filament extrusion, and switching operations. This prevents unwanted filament overflow from printheads that have finished printing, and decouples the lifting, filament extrusion, and switching operations, allowing for independent control and monitoring of different processes. This improves the automation level of the equipment and enables more functions. The extrusion motor is mounted above the linear guide, and the lifting motor is mounted below it. This ensures the lifting motor is closer to the printhead, shortening the transmission chain, improving transmission accuracy, reducing the size of transmission components, and balancing the tool head's center of gravity, minimizing "nodding" deformation when moving along the linear guide.

[0086] The mounting body includes a first mounting part 1 and a second mounting part 2. The first mounting part 1 is at least partially fixed to the upper part of the second mounting part 2. The extrusion mechanism 3 and the switching mechanism 4 are disposed on the first mounting part 1, and the lifting mechanism, the first nozzle 51, and the second nozzle 52 are disposed on the second mounting part 2. The linear guide mounting part 101 is disposed on the first mounting part 1 or the second mounting part 2. The mounting body can be manufactured as a single piece or composed of multiple connected parts. It is used to support the various components of the tool head. For example, a high-strength metal mounting body can be formed by integral die casting, and the installation positions of each component can be precisely machined through subtractive manufacturing. This can achieve a shorter relative positional dimension chain of each component, thereby improving the installation accuracy.

[0087] The switching mechanism 4 also includes a switching motor reduction mechanism 402. The switching motor 401 and the switching motor reduction mechanism 402 are stacked, with their stacked axial height being flush with or similar to the axial height of the extrusion motor 301. The power and size of the extrusion motor 301 are greater than those of the switching motor 401. The switching motor reduction mechanism 402 is a planetary reduction transmission mechanism, such as a double planetary reducer. The extrusion motor 301 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. In this layout, the extrusion motor can use a relatively large size and operating power, enabling high-speed filament extrusion, thereby improving printing speed and efficiency. The switching motor is smaller, and the use of a planetary reducer ensures that the stacked axial height of the switching motor 401 and the switching motor reduction mechanism 402 is flush with or similar to the height of the extrusion motor, thus preventing the print head size from undesirably increasing due to the increased number of motors.

[0088] One or more linear guides are installed inside the linear guide mounting part 101 and are located in the middle area of ​​the extrusion motor 301, the switching motor 401, the lifting motor 501, the first fan 601 and the second fan 701. The tool head is mounted on the linear rail via the linear rail mounting part and can move in the X direction. The linear rail can move in the Y direction. The switching mechanism 4 also includes a switching motor reduction mechanism 402, and the lifting mechanism also includes a lifting motor reduction mechanism 507. The centroid of the tool head's projection in the XY plane or the projection of the tool head's center of gravity in the XY plane coincides with the projection of the linear rail. And / or, at least one of the extrusion motor 301 and the switching motor 401 or the switching motor reduction mechanism 402, and at least one of the lifting motor 501 or the lifting motor reduction mechanism, all have projections in the XY plane that at least partially overlap with the projection of the linear rail. It is understood that the extrusion motor 301 and the switching motor 401 or the switching motor reduction mechanism 402 have high mass, which has a significant impact on the centroid distribution of the tool head. By making the motors distributed vertically around the linear rail, the centroid of the tool head along the height direction is closer to the linear rail, thereby reducing the acceleration and deceleration torque of the tool head along the Y-axis direction, reducing the nozzle deformation introduced during the processing motion, and thus improving the printing quality.

[0089] When there are two or more linear guides, the centroid of the tool head's projection in the XY plane, or the center of gravity of the tool head, is located in the area between at least the two outermost linear guides. The tool head also includes a control plate. The tool head is connected to the additive manufacturing equipment via a cable chain, one end of which is mounted to the tool head via a cable chain connector. At least a portion of the projections of the first nozzle 51, the second nozzle 52, and the wire channel in the XY plane are located on the first side of the linear guide's projection in the XY plane. At least a portion of the cooling mechanism, the control plate, and at least one of the cable chain or cable chain connector have projections in the XY plane located on the second side of the linear guide's projection in the XY plane, opposite to the first side. This arrangement ensures that the components surround the linear guides, guaranteeing a stable center of gravity, stable operation, and high overall strength of the tool head. In this application, the linear guide can be fixedly installed on the support profile, which can move together with the linear guide along the Y direction. When referring to the projection of the linear guide, it can refer to the projection of the whole formed by the support profile and the linear guide, or more precisely, the projection of the linear guide on the support profile.

[0090] The extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion motor reduction gear and an extrusion wheel 303. The extrusion motor reduction gear includes a first reduction gear 304, which is centrally located on the second side of the mounting body, opposite to the first side. The extrusion wheel 303 and the output shaft of the extrusion motor employ a single-stage reduction transmission, with the extrusion wheel 303 and the first reduction gear 304 coaxially arranged. The diameter of the extrusion wheel can be set to align with the position of the wire channel, ensuring the wire is transported as straight as possible. The extrusion motor, through its transmission gears distributed on both sides of the centerline of the mounting body, fully utilizes the tool head's mounting space, allowing for a larger reduction gear size and thus achieving greater driving force and single-stage reduction. The single-stage reduction transmission between the extrusion motor's reduction gears and the extrusion motor effectively reduces the number of gear transmission stages, improves transmission accuracy, facilitates closed-loop control, and consequently provides greater power and extrusion speed, enabling high-speed printing.

[0091] The second nozzle 52 is fixedly disposed on the second side of the second mounting part 2 and is disposed adjacent to the first nozzle 51.

[0092] Switching mechanism

[0093] As shown in Figures 8-11 and 36, the switching mechanism 4 includes a switching motor 401, a switching motor reduction mechanism 402, a first transmission gear 403, a second transmission gear 404, a switching cam 405, a first swing mechanism 406, a second swing mechanism 407, and an elastic element 408. The switching motor reduction mechanism 402 is connected to the first transmission gear 403. The first swing mechanism 406, the second swing mechanism 407, and the elastic element 408 are all located on the second side of the mounting body. The first transmission gear 403 is meshed with the second transmission gear 404, and the second transmission gear 404 drives the switching cam 405 to swing. The switching cam 405 is centrally located on the mounting body and above the first reduction gear 304. The first swing mechanism 406 and the second swing mechanism 407 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the switching cam 405. The first swing mechanism 406 includes a first switching part 411, a first pressure roller 413, and a first swing pivot part 414 arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the second swing mechanism 407 includes a second switching part 421, a second pressure roller 423, and a second swing pivot part 424 arranged sequentially from top to bottom; when the switching cam 405 applies a biasing force to the second switching part 421, the second switching part 421 moves away from the cam axis, and the first switching part 411 moves towards the cam axis under the action of the elastic element 408, the second pressure roller 423 moves away from the extrusion roller 303, and the first pressure roller 413 moves towards the extrusion roller 303, cooperating to transport the first wire; when the switching cam 405 applies a biasing force to the first switching part 411, the first switching part 411 moves away from the cam axis, and the second switching part 421 moves towards the cam axis under the action of the elastic element 408, the first pressure roller 413 moves away from the extrusion roller 303, and the second pressure roller 423 moves towards the extrusion roller 303, cooperating to transport the second wire.

[0094] The first swing pivot 414 and the second swing pivot 424 are respectively located near the lower ends of the first swing mechanism 406 and the second swing mechanism 407. The switching cam is located at the upper end, while the swing pivot is located at the lower end. The switching cam is positioned away from the swing pivot, which ensures that the bias force between the switching cam and the switching part is small, thereby reducing the wear of the cam and improving its service life.

[0095] Along the top-to-bottom direction of the first swing mechanism 406, a first hinge portion 412 is provided between the first switching portion 411 and the first pressure roller 413; along the top-to-bottom direction of the second swing mechanism 407, a second hinge portion 422 is provided between the second switching portion 421 and the second pressure roller 423; the first swing mechanism 406 and the second swing mechanism 407 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the switching cam 405. The two ends of the elastic element 408 are respectively connected to the first hinge portion 412 and the second hinge portion 422; or, the elastic element 408 includes two elastic elements, the first ends of which are both fixed ends, and the second ends are respectively connected to one of the first hinge portion 412 and the second hinge portion 422. The elastic element 408 is a tension spring connected at both ends to the first hinge portion 412 and the second hinge portion 422 respectively. In the intermediate state of the switching action of the switching cam 405, the spring tension is relatively large. When the switching cam 405 drives the first switching portion 411 or the second switching portion 421 to the working position, the spring is in a non-horizontal state and the tension is relatively small. Thus, the first switching portion 411 or the second switching portion 421 can have a bistable position in the working positions on both sides, and an unstable position in the intermediate state, which helps improve the reliability of the switching action. It should be noted that the extrusion wheel is centrally located, and the two switching portions are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the extrusion wheel. More specifically, the extrusion wheel 303 is located between the first swing pivot portion 414, the second swing pivot portion 424, and the elastic element 408, and the switching cam is located above the extrusion wheel, allowing for a reasonable arrangement of the tool head space. The two swing mechanisms are identical in shape and symmetrically arranged. When in the working position on either side, the spring is in a non-horizontal state, and the spring force is less than the spring force when the connection point of the two springs is in a horizontal state. This can form a "bistable" switching, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the switching action.

[0096] Since the distance between the elastic element and the pivot is greater than the distance between the extrusion wheel and the pivot, the force acting on the extrusion wheel will be greater than the tension of the elastic element. This allows the size of the elastic element to be set smaller, which is beneficial for miniaturization and weight reduction of the tool head.

[0097] It also includes a first cover 11, which provides pivot support for at least one of the first swing pivot 414 and the second swing pivot 424 or the extrusion wheel. The first cover 11 is disposed on the second side of the mounting body. A cam positioning block 409 is provided on the switching cam 405, and a magnetic element is provided on the cam positioning block 409. A first Hall sensor 4092 and a second Hall sensor 4093 (see Figure 36) are provided on the first cover or the mounting body (e.g., the first mounting part) to detect the swing angle of the switching cam 405 or to detect the swing position of the first swing mechanism 406 and the second swing mechanism 407. A first positioning boss and a second positioning boss are also provided on the first cover 11 or the mounting body (e.g., the first mounting part) to limit the swing range of the cam positioning block 409. The cam positioning block 409 has a trapezoidal structure. The magnetic element is a ring magnet. A first Hall sensor 4092 and a second Hall sensor 4093 are arranged at a 90° angle to the line connecting the cam shaft center on the first cover 11 or the mounting body, and are coplanar with the ring magnet. The ring magnet also has a D-shaped hole. The switching cam cooperates with the switching parts of the swing mechanisms on the left and right sides. The plane of the cam positioning block, coaxial with the switching cam, contacts the positioning boss on the first cover to form a limit and position. The switching cam and the cam positioning block can be integrally formed. A magnet can be installed on the outer side of the cam positioning block. Hall sensors arranged at right angles are provided on the first cover at positions corresponding to the magnets to detect the position angle of the switching cam.

[0098] As shown in Figures 30-35, the wire channel includes a first wire channel and a second wire channel; the switching mechanism and the extrusion mechanism cooperate to allow the first wire in the first wire channel and the second wire in the second wire channel to work alternately; it also includes a first cover 11, which is disposed on the mounting body; the first cover 11 is provided with a first limiting member 431 and a second limiting member 432; the first swing mechanism 406 is provided with a first wire limiting mechanism 441, and the second swing mechanism 407 is provided with a second wire limiting mechanism 442; when the first wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the first limiting member 431 cooperates with the first wire limiting mechanism 441 to restrict the first wire in the first wire channel from moving upward; when the second wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the second limiting member 432 cooperates with the second wire limiting mechanism 442 to restrict the second wire in the second wire channel from moving upward. The first limiting member 431 includes a first steel ball 4311 and a first mounting groove 4313, and the second limiting member 432 includes a second steel ball 4321 and a second mounting groove 4323. The first wire limiting mechanism 441 includes a first movable limiting member 4411 and a first limiting structure 4412, and the second wire limiting mechanism 442 includes a second movable limiting member 4421 and a second limiting structure 4422. The first movable limiting member 4411 and the first limiting structure 4412 can be integrally formed or separately formed; the second movable limiting member 4421 and the second limiting structure 4422 can be integrally formed or separately formed. The first mounting groove 4313 and the second mounting groove 4323 are disposed on the first cover 11; the first limiting member 431 is disposed opposite to the first wire channel, and the second limiting member 432 is disposed opposite to the second wire channel; the first wire limiting mechanism 441 is disposed on the first swing mechanism 406, and the second wire limiting mechanism 442 is disposed on the second swing mechanism 407; when the first wire channel is at the end position of the non-working state, the first limiting member 431 abuts against the first wire limiting mechanism 441; when the second wire channel is at the end position of the non-working state, the second limiting member 432 abuts against the second wire limiting mechanism 442. When the first wire channel or the second wire channel is in the working state, the first wire limiting mechanism 441 or the second wire limiting mechanism 442 returns to the position that does not restrict the upward movement of the wire under the action of the wire or elastic element.

[0099] Specifically, the first limiting structure 4412 or the second limiting structure 4422 is a cutting edge, tip, protrusion, or other structure disposed at the end of the first movable limiting member 4411 or the second movable limiting member 4421, capable of engaging the wire, used to restrict the upward movement of the wire at the end position in the non-working state. In one embodiment, the first limiting structure 4412 or the second limiting structure 4422 is a one-way limiting structure. Specifically, the first limiting structure 4412 and the second limiting structure 4422 are downwardly extending tooth-like, hook-like, or claw-like structures. The first limiting structure 4412 or the second limiting structure 4422 has a slope or arc surface and a cutting edge or tip for engaging the wire. When the wire moves from top to bottom, it can act on the slope or arc surface, causing the one-way limiting structure to move away from the wire. When the wire moves from bottom to top, the wire is engaged by the cutting edge or tip for engaging the wire, restricting its movement.

[0100] It also includes a first elastic mechanism 4312 and a second elastic mechanism 4322. One end of the first elastic mechanism 4312 is disposed in the first mounting groove 4313, and the other end is connected to a first steel ball 4311. One end of the second elastic mechanism 4322 is disposed in the second mounting groove 4323, and the other end is connected to a second steel ball 4321. The first steel ball 4311 and the second steel ball 4321 both protrude at least partially from the first mounting groove 4313 and the second steel ball 4321, respectively. When the first wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the first steel ball 4311 abuts against the first movable limiting member 4411, causing the first limiting structure 4412 to at least partially enter the first wire channel and compress the first wire. When the second wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the second steel ball 4321 abuts against the second movable limiting member 4421, causing the second limiting structure 4422 to at least partially enter the second wire channel and compress the second wire. The first elastic mechanism 4312 and the second elastic mechanism 4322 are springs. By setting an elastic mechanism, the force applied during the pushing process can be made gentler, reducing the chance of jamming and increasing the service life of the first wire limiting mechanism 441 or the second wire limiting mechanism 442.

[0101] It also includes a first elastic reset member 4413 disposed on the first swing mechanism 406, and a second elastic reset member 4423 disposed on the second swing mechanism 407; one end of the first elastic reset member 4413 is connected to the first movable limiting member 4411, and the other end is connected to the first swing mechanism 406. When the first wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the first movable limiting member 4411 moves away from the wire under the action of the first elastic reset member 4413; one end of the second elastic reset member 4423 is connected to the second movable limiting member 4421, and the other end is connected to the second swing mechanism 407. When the second wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the second movable limiting member 4421 moves away from the wire under the action of the second elastic reset member 4423.

[0102] It should be noted that, through the limiting function of the wire limiting mechanism, the wire in the non-working state will be reliably fixed and will not be pulled by external forces (such as tool head movement, wire guide tube shaking, etc.). This avoids inaccurate control of the spray volume in the next spray and also prevents the problem of some melted but not completely solidified wire being pulled into the throat of the hot end and thus clogging the spray head.

[0103] Lifting mechanism

[0104] As shown in Figures 12-14, 19-23, and 36, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor 501, a drive rocker arm 502, a drive roller 503, a drive block 504, a drive slider 505, a drive slide rail 506, and a lifting motor reduction mechanism 507. The drive rocker arm 502 and the drive roller 503 are located on the first side of the mounting body. One end of the drive rocker arm 502 is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 501 via a transmission connection or direct connection, and the other end is provided with the drive roller 503. The drive slide rail 506 is located on the first side of the mounting body, and the drive slider 505 is slidably mounted on the drive slide rail 506. 06 Above; The cross-sectional shape of the drive block 504 is U-shaped, I-shaped or square-shaped, and it is provided at least on the first, second and third sides of the mounting body. The second side is the side opposite to the first side, and the third side is the side connecting the first side and the second side. The second sidewall 5041 of the drive block 504 on the second side of the mounting body is fixedly connected to the drive slider 505. A first nozzle 51 is provided on one side of the drive slider 505. The first sidewall 5042 of the drive block 504 on the first side of the mounting body is provided with a groove. The groove is preferably a U-shaped groove 5043, which cooperates with the drive roller 503. The U-shaped slide 5043 has a closed side and an open side along the horizontal direction of the drive block 504. The drive roller 503 can be inserted into the U-shaped slide 5043 from the open side. When the lifting motor 501 drives the drive rocker arm 502 to rotate, the drive roller 503 moves towards the open side of the U-shaped slide 5043, causing the drive block 504 to drive the drive slider 505 to move up and down along the drive rail 506. The width of the U-shaped slide 5043 in the vertical direction is larger than the size of the drive roller 503, so that the drive roller 503 fits with the upper wall of the U-shaped slide 5043. Preferably, the closed side of the U-shaped slide 5043 has a self-locking angle of 5°-15°. The U-shaped slide is slightly larger than the drive roller, so that the drive roller can be inserted into the U-shaped slide from the open side during assembly, which is convenient for assembly. The rotation angle of the drive roller can be 200°, meaning it will rotate an additional 5° or 10° in both the vertical and horizontal positions. In another embodiment, the U-shaped chute can be replaced with a closed chute without an open side. In this embodiment, except that the open side of the U-shaped chute is set to be closed, the cooperation method between the chute and the drive roller and the working process are the same as in the embodiment of the U-shaped chute.

[0105] It also includes a limiting part for limiting the range of motion of the drive roller. The limiting part is the groove wall on the closed side of the U-shaped chute; or the limiting part is a protruding structure set on the mounting body or on a structural member fixed relative to the mounting body; or the limiting part is a limiting block set on the gearbox side of the lifting and deceleration mechanism.

[0106] Referring to Figure 36, a positioning block 5051 is provided on the mounting body at a position opposite to the bottom of the drive slider 505 or drive block 504. The upper surface of the positioning block 5051 is a plane, preferably a finely ground plane. In one embodiment, the positioning block 5051 is a screw, which coincides with the central axis of the drive slider 505. The center line of the upper surface of the positioning block 5051 in the left-right direction is aligned with the center line of the drive slider 505 in the left-right direction. Matching pairs of pre-tightening magnetic elements 5052 are provided at relative positions on the mounting body and the drive slider 505 (or the first nozzle 51). At least one of the pre-tightening magnetic elements 5052 is a magnetic element, and the other is a mutually attracting magnetic element or a ferromagnetic material. When the drive block moves downward, the pre-tightening magnetic element 5052 applies a downward magnetic attraction force to the drive slider 505 (or the first nozzle 51). When the drive slider 505 contacts the positioning block 5051, or when the drive block 504 moves downward to its lowest position, there is a gap between the drive block 504 and the pre-tightening magnetic element 5052. The magnetic attraction force is to provide a positioning force to prevent the nozzle from shifting due to scratches or other reasons.

[0107] The drive block 504, located on the first sidewall 5042 of the first side of the mounting body, is also provided with a metal foil 5044, such as copper foil, aluminum foil, or iron foil, with copper foil being the most preferred. On the mounting body, on the opposite side of the final descending position of the drive block 504, a coil 5045 is provided to cooperate with the metal foil 5044 to detect the degree of sway of the first nozzle 51; alternatively, the positions of the metal foil 5044 and the coil 5045 can be interchanged. The metal foil and coil cooperate to detect whether the first nozzle is in position.

[0108] Alternatively, the drive block 504 itself can be made of aluminum or copper. In this case, there is no need to set the metal foil 5044. The coil 5045 can cooperate with the drive block 504 to detect the degree of sway of the first nozzle 51.

[0109] As shown in Figure 23, the lifting motor reduction mechanism includes: gear one, gear two, gear three, gear four, gear five, gear shaft, and sector gear. Gear one is mounted on the output shaft of the lifting motor and meshes with gear two. Gear two is mounted on a gear shaft, and gear three is mounted on the gear shaft coaxially with gear two. Gear three meshes with gear four. Gear four is mounted on a first transmission shaft 5071, and gear five is mounted on the first transmission shaft 5071 coaxially with gear four. Gears one to five are for reduction transmission. Gear five meshes with sector gear, and a second transmission shaft 5072 is mounted on sector gear.

[0110] The second drive shaft 5072 is used to drive the movement of the plugging mechanism, which will be described later. The lifting electrode reduction mechanism includes a lifting reduction gearbox, on the outside of which a pair of Hall sensors can be mounted. The pair of Hall sensors are arranged at 90° with the axis of the second drive shaft 5072 as the center. At the same time, magnets are arranged on the sector gear. By cooperating with the Hall sensors, the working state of the plugging mechanism can be detected, such as the rotation angle of the plugging rod, which will be mentioned later.

[0111] As shown in Figures 37-38, the system also includes a cable fixing structure 16. The cable fixing structure 16 is fixed relative to the first nozzle 51 or the lifting mechanism. The cable extending from the first nozzle 51 is fixed by the cable fixing structure 16. The cable has a connector located between the first nozzle 51 and the position where the cable fixing structure 16 fixes the cable. Preferably, the cable fixing structure is a plate-like structure with a cable receiving portion 161 at its lower end for fixing the cable. The cable receiving portion 161 has an opening 162 for placing the cable into it. During the lifting and lowering process of the first nozzle 51, the cable fixing structure 16 is fixed relative to the first nozzle 51, and there is no relative displacement between them. Therefore, the cable connector is not subjected to external force pulling caused by the lifting and lowering process, thus preventing the connector from loosening and ensuring reliability.

[0112] Cutting mechanism

[0113] As shown in Figures 15-19, the cutting mechanism includes a first cutting mechanism 81 and a second cutting mechanism 82; the first cutting mechanism includes a first cutting blade 811, a first cutting blade rod 812, and a first cutting blade shaft 813; the second cutting mechanism 82 includes a second cutting blade 821, a second cutting blade rod 822, and a second cutting blade shaft 823; a first swing pivot 414 is arranged adjacent to the first cutting blade shaft 813; and a second swing pivot 424 is arranged adjacent to the second cutting blade shaft 823. The first cutting bar 812 and the second cutting bar 822 are located on the second side of the mounting body, and are arranged opposite to each other. The first cutting bar 812 is provided with a first cutting trigger point 8121, a first cutting shaft mounting part 8122, and a first cutting mounting part 8123 in sequence from top to bottom. The second cutting bar 822 is provided with a second cutting trigger point 8221, a second cutting shaft mounting part 8222, and a second cutting mounting part 8223 in sequence from top to bottom. The distance between the first cutting trigger point 8121 and the first cutting shaft mounting part 8122 is greater than the distance between the first cutting shaft mounting part 8123 and the first cutting shaft mounting part 8122, and the distance between the second cutting trigger point 8221 and the second cutting shaft mounting part 8222 is greater than the distance between the second cutting shaft mounting part 8223 and the second cutting shaft mounting part 8222. The first cutter 811 includes a first blade 8111, a first blade holder 8112, and a first pulling rod 8113. The second cutter 821 includes a second blade 8211, a second blade holder 8212, and a second pulling rod 8213. The first blade 8111 is disposed inside the first blade holder 8112, with its cutting edge facing the first cutter rod 812. The second blade 8211 is disposed inside the second blade holder 8212, with its cutting edge facing the second cutter rod 822. The first cutter is located between the first cutter shaft and the first nozzle, and the second cutter is located between the second cutter shaft and the second nozzle. It should be noted that in the layout of the extrusion mechanism, switching mechanism, and cutting mechanism of this invention, due to the need to achieve switching and lifting of the dual nozzles, as well as the arrangement of the cutter, and considering the multiple requirements of not wanting wire overflow from the nozzle after operation, the switching cam is positioned close to the switching motor and at the top, while the pivot of the swing mechanism is positioned at the bottom, leaving the middle position for the extrusion wheel and cutter, thus achieving near-end extrusion and near-end cutting. The shorter the distance from the extrusion wheel to the hot end of the nozzle, the better. If the distance is longer, the control of the extrusion volume is more easily affected by wire deformation. The farther the cutter position is, the more material is wasted during material change. The distance between the cutter trigger point and the cutter shaft is greater than the distance between the cutter and the cutter shaft (force amplification effect), making cutting easier. At the same time, the cutter shaft is positioned close to the pivot of the swing mechanism, avoiding the cutter occupying the space of the lower hot end air duct, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. Furthermore, the blade being encased inside the cutter is also safer.

[0114] The system also includes a guide cover 12, a follower slider 53, and a guide rail 54. The follower slider 53 has a sliding groove 531 on one side and slides in cooperation with the guide rail 54. The guide rail 54 is mounted on the guide cover 12, which is at least partially located below the extrusion wheel. The follower slider 53 has a sliding cavity 532 in a horizontal direction, and the first cutter 811 is slidably disposed in the sliding cavity 532. The first cutter mounting portion 8123 includes a receiving portion 8000 movably connected to the first pulling protrusion 8113. When the first pulling protrusion 8113 is in the first working position, it is located within the receiving portion 8000, and the first cutter 811 can be pulled by the first cutter rod 812. When the first pulling protrusion 8113 is at least in the second working position, it is located outside the receiving part 8000, and the first cutting rod 812 cannot pull the first cutting blade 811. The receiving part 8000 has an upper opening structure, and the first pulling protrusion 8113 enters or leaves the receiving part 8000 through the upper opening. The receiving part is a component that drives the first pulling protrusion to move. The receiving part 8000 can be a U-shaped opening groove, or it can be a structure with a wall thickness that decreases from bottom to top. The thicker lower wall can block the first pulling protrusion, so that the receiving part can drive the first pulling protrusion to move. The thinner upper wall can avoid the first pulling protrusion, so as to ensure that the first pulling protrusion can disengage from the receiving part.

[0115] The sliding groove 531 is a dovetail groove. It also includes a first guide member 55 and a second guide member 56, which are fixedly mounted on the guide cover 12 and used to guide the first wire and the second wire, respectively. The guide cover 12 is also provided with a sliding positioning part, which guides the sliding of the second cutter 821. The follower slider 53 is provided with a sliding channel 533, and the first guide member 55 slides in cooperation with the sliding channel 533 of the follower slider 53. It also includes a compression spring 57, which is provided with a compression spring mounting part 534. One end of the compression spring 57 is fixed or abuts against the guide cover 12, and the other end is located inside the compression spring mounting part 534. The compression spring on the follower slider keeps it pressed against the movable hot end. This ensures the cutter can move up and down with the hot end and also keeps it pressed in place, preventing the drive slider from failing to fall smoothly due to unforeseen circumstances. This would prevent the preload magnetic element from suddenly attracting the drive block, reducing the impact noise when the drive slider contacts the positioning block at the bottom working position. Furthermore, by positioning the cutter's pivot above the cutter, the cutter moves up and down with the first nozzle, ensuring the cutting point is as close as possible to the hot end of the nozzle. Positioning the pivot above the cutter also ensures the cutter can move downwards relative to the cutter rod without being obstructed by the pivot.

[0116] gagging mechanism

[0117] As shown in Figures 23-29, the nozzle-blocking mechanism includes a swing rod 901, a nozzle, a positioning magnetic element 905, a first guiding magnetic element 908, and a second guiding magnetic element 906. One end of the swing rod 901 is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 501, and the other end is rotatably connected to the nozzle. A positioning mounting part 9032 is provided on the nozzle, and the positioning magnetic element 905 is mounted on the positioning mounting part 9032. The nozzle switches between the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52, and the orientation of the nozzle is maintained by the cooperation of the first guiding magnetic element 908, the second guiding magnetic element, and the positioning magnetic element 905. The nozzle only blocks the first nozzle 51 or the second nozzle 52 when it is not in operation. Preferably, the nozzle-blocking mechanism also includes an intermediate guiding magnetic element 907, which is arranged between the first guiding magnetic element 908 and the second guiding magnetic element 906. This intermediate guiding magnetic element 907 is used to change the orientation of the nozzle when the positioning magnetic element 905 passes through the intermediate guiding magnetic element 907 during the switching process between the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52. Preferably, the nozzle plug includes a nozzle plug mounting base 903 and a nozzle plug baffle 904, with the nozzle plug baffle 904 fixedly installed to the nozzle plug mounting base 903. The nozzle plug baffle 904 is an elastic metal sheet, and elastic or flexible nozzle plug layers are provided at positions corresponding to the first and second nozzles on the nozzle plug baffle 904, with the elastic or flexible nozzle plug layers annularly sleeved on the nozzle plug baffle 904.

[0118] The nozzle baffle 904 has a first working position and a second working position, and the first nozzle 51 has an upward limit position and a downward limit position. The first working position of the nozzle baffle 904 corresponds to the upward limit position of the first nozzle 51, and the second working position of the nozzle baffle 904 corresponds to the second nozzle 52. A bending plate 909 is provided below the lifting motor 501. The bending plate 909 has a first horizontal part, a bending part, and a second horizontal part. A first guiding magnetic element 908 is provided on the first horizontal part, a middle guiding magnetic element 907 is inclinedly provided on the bending part, and a second guiding magnetic element 906 is provided on the second horizontal part. The distance between the first guiding magnetic element 908 and the middle guiding magnetic element 907 is greater than the distance between the middle guiding magnetic element 907 and the second guiding magnetic element 906. By setting the bending angle of the bending part, the orientation of the middle guiding magnetic element 907 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the orientation of the nozzle during the nozzle switching process. When the nozzle-blocking baffle 904 is in the first working position, the positioning magnetic element 905 and the first guiding magnetic element 908 attract each other, and the nozzle-blocking baffle 904 is in a horizontal position, blocking the first nozzle 51. When the nozzle-blocking baffle 904 is in the second working position, the positioning magnetic element 905 and the second guiding magnetic element 906 attract each other, and the nozzle-blocking baffle 904 is in a horizontal position, blocking the second nozzle 52. When the positioning magnetic element 905 is in a position relative to the intermediate guiding magnetic element 907, the nozzle-blocking baffle 904 is tilted, so that when the nozzle-blocking baffle moves to the second working position, it moves at an angle tilted towards the second nozzle 52. The lifting motor 501 drives the first nozzle 51 and the nozzle-blocking mechanism to move. When the first nozzle begins to descend from its upper limit position, the nozzle-blocking baffle moves before the first nozzle. When the first nozzle moves from its lower limit position towards its upper limit position, the first nozzle reaches the upper limit position first, and then the nozzle-blocking baffle reaches the first working position. The first and second guiding magnetic elements are horizontally positioned magnets, ensuring that the nozzle baffle horizontally blocks the first and second nozzles; the middle guiding magnetic element is an angled magnet, ensuring that the nozzle baffle cuts in at an angle, reducing the chance of the nozzle baffle getting stuck.

[0119] The swing arm 901 is a bent or arc-shaped rod, and it bends away from the drive slider 505. This arrangement ensures that the swing arm avoids the linear guide, and a gap is provided on the rear side of the fixed hot end to accommodate the movement of the swing arm.

[0120] The output shaft of the lifting motor is connected to the first drive shaft 5071 and the second drive shaft 5072 via the lifting motor reduction mechanism 507. The first drive shaft 5071 drives the first nozzle 51 to rise and fall. The second drive shaft 5072 is connected to one end of the swing rod 901. The shaft hole through which the drive rocker arm 502 engages with the first drive shaft 5071 can be a D-shaped hole or a flat hole. The first drive shaft can be a D-shaped shaft or a flat shaft. The sector gear has a D-shaped hole or a flat hole, and the second drive shaft is a D-shaped shaft or a flat shaft. The straight portion of the D-shaped shaft or flat shaft has a gap with the straight portion of the D-shaped hole or flat hole. This configuration of the D-shaped shaft ensures that the swing of the swing rod and the rise and fall of the first nozzle are decoupled within a certain range, thus making it less likely for the nozzle baffle to get stuck.

[0121] As mentioned above, the lifting electrode deceleration mechanism includes a lifting deceleration gearbox. A pair of Hall sensors can be installed on the outside of the gearbox. The pair of Hall sensors are arranged at 90° with the axis of the second transmission shaft 5072 as the center. At the same time, magnets are arranged on the sector gear. By cooperating with the Hall sensors, the rotation angle of the swing rod 901 can be detected.

[0122] Additionally, a pair of Hall sensors may be included for detecting the rotation angle of the drive rocker arm 502. The pair of Hall sensors are arranged at 90° around the axis of rotation of the drive rocker arm 502 and fixed relative to the mounting body, for example, also mounted outside the gearbox.

[0123] Cooling mechanism

[0124] As shown in Figures 2-7, a cooling mechanism is used to cool the upper portions of the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52, and the area below the nozzle, respectively. The cooling mechanism includes a first cooling mechanism 6 and a second cooling mechanism 7, which are used to cool one of the upper portions of the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52, and the area below the nozzle, respectively. The first cooling mechanism 6 includes a first fan 601; the second cooling mechanism 7 includes a second fan 701; wherein the first fan 601 and the second fan 701 are stacked and located on the side away from the output shaft of the extrusion motor. It also includes a fixed frame 13, which is connected to the mounting body. The first nozzle 51 includes at least one of a first heat dissipation assembly 511, a movable hot end 512, and a first nozzle 513, preferably including all three. The second nozzle 52 includes at least one of a second heat dissipation assembly 521, a fixed hot end 522, and a second nozzle 523, preferably including all three. The first cooling mechanism and the second cooling mechanism are disposed on the fixed frame 13. The first cooling mechanism also includes a first fan housing 602 and a first cooling channel 603. The second cooling mechanism 7 also includes a second fan housing 702 and a first fan housing 603. The second cooling channel 703 has a first fan 601 installed in the first fan housing 602, which has a first air outlet. The second fan housing 702 has a second fan 701 installed in the second fan housing 702, which has a second air outlet. The first air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the first cooling channel 603, and the air outlet of the first cooling channel 603 is aligned with the first heat dissipation component 511 and the second heat dissipation component 521. The second air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the second cooling channel 703, and the air outlet of the second cooling channel 703 is aligned with the first nozzle 513 and the second nozzle 523. Stacking the fans behind the linear guide rails provides space for the switching and extrusion mechanisms in front, and extends the airflow path, improving the overall cooling effect. The stacking of the fans reduces the size of the tool head. While cooling the heat dissipation components and nozzles, the fans also dissipate heat from the nearby motors and related circuit boards.

[0125] Both the first cooling channel 603 and the second cooling channel 703 are equipped with airflow guiding structures. These airflow guiding structures, such as deflectors, along the extended airflow path enable more uniform airflow.

[0126] Preferably, the first nozzle 51 or the lifting mechanism is also provided with a follow-up baffle 17, as shown in Figures 37-38. It is used to prevent the cooling air blown out of the first cooling channel 603 from blowing towards the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51 at the upper limit position of the first nozzle 51, but to blow towards the first heat dissipation component 511, for example.

[0127] The follower baffle 17 preferably has a body portion 171, which is installed on the side of the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51. When the first nozzle 51 is at its maximum rising position, the body portion 171 can block a portion of the opening of the first cooling channel 603 to prevent cooling air from blowing towards the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51, thereby effectively reducing the probability of nozzle clogging. More preferably, the follower baffle 17 also has a bending portion 172, which is located at the upper edge of the body portion 171 and bends towards the first heat dissipation assembly 511. When the first nozzle 51 is at its maximum rising position, the cooling air is guided by the bending portion 172 and blown towards the first heat dissipation assembly 511.

[0128] Alternatively, the follower baffle 17 may not block the opening of the first cooling channel 603, but instead directly guides the cooling air to prevent it from blowing towards the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51, while simultaneously directing the cooling air directly to the first heat dissipation assembly 511. In this embodiment, the follower baffle 17 is installed on the side of the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51 and has a guide plate facing the first heat dissipation assembly 511. When the first nozzle 51 is at its maximum rising position, the opening of the first cooling channel 603 faces the guide plate, allowing the cooling air to be blown towards the first heat dissipation assembly 511 via the guide plate, thereby preventing the cooling air from blowing towards the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51.

[0129] In this invention, when the first nozzle 51 is at its descent limit position, as shown in FIG40, the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on one side of the first nozzle 51 is aligned with the first heat dissipation assembly 511. Cooling air can be blown directly onto the first heat dissipation assembly 511 without being blocked and / or guided by the follower baffle 17, and will not blow onto the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51. When the first nozzle 51 is at its ascending limit position, as shown in FIG41, the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on one side of the first nozzle 51 is no longer aligned with the first heat dissipation assembly 511, but is partially aligned with the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51 and partially aligned with the first heat dissipation assembly 511. At this time, the blocking and / or guiding effect of the follower baffle 17 can prevent the cooling air from blowing onto the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51, and even guide the cooling air to the first heat dissipation assembly 511, thereby effectively preventing the heating area of ​​the first nozzle 51 from being cooled and better promoting the heat dissipation of the first heat dissipation assembly 511, thus greatly reducing the probability of the nozzle being blocked.

[0130] As shown in Figures 40 and 41, in order to better utilize the function of the follow-up baffle, the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on one side of the first nozzle 51 can be designed to be larger than the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on the other side of the second nozzle 52 (Figure 40 shows the number of arrows, which indicates that the number of arrows at the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on the left side is greater than the number of arrows at the opening of the first cooling channel 603 on the right side, indicating that the opening on the left side is larger than the opening on the right side), thereby ensuring that the first nozzle 51 can provide sufficient heat dissipation for the first heat dissipation component 511 at both the rising limit position and the falling limit position.

[0131] The first fan housing cavity has a first air inlet, which corresponds to the extrusion motor; the second fan housing cavity has a second air inlet on both the inner and outer sides, with the inner second air inlet corresponding to the circuit board of the printing tool head, and the outer second air inlet connecting to the external environment.

[0132] Alternatively, another cooling mechanism layout (not shown) can be adopted. For example, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling fan, a first cooling channel 603', and a second cooling channel 703'. The air outlet of the first cooling channel 603' is aligned with the first heat dissipation component 511' and the second heat dissipation component 521', and the air outlet of the second cooling channel 703' is aligned with the first nozzle 513' and the second nozzle 523'. Each of the first and second cooling channels 603' and the air outlet of the cooling fan is equipped with a damper, allowing independent control of the airflow through the first and second cooling channels 603' and 703'. The airflow magnitude can also be adjusted by controlling the opening of the dampers. The air inlet of the cooling fan corresponds to the circuit board of the extrusion motor or printing head, providing cooling for the heat dissipation components and nozzles, as well as the nearby motor and related circuit boards.

[0133] Furthermore, a nozzle camera 14 and a worktable camera 15 can also be provided. The nozzle camera 14 is located below the lifting motor 501, in the middle area of ​​the first cooling channel 603 or the second cooling channel 703, and the worktable camera 15 is located outside the first cooling channel 603 or the second cooling channel 703. Supplementary lights are also included to cooperate with the nozzle camera 14 and the worktable camera 15 respectively.

[0134] The tool head housing can also be provided with a function expansion slot for installing function expansion accessories, such as laser heads, cutting blades, etc. The function expansion accessories are located at the front of the tool head housing, which ensures that the center of gravity of the tool head is further forward to balance the weight of the motor located at the rear.

[0135] The printing tool head of the present invention moves along a horizontally set linear guide, and the linear guide moves in a horizontal direction perpendicular to it. The first printhead and the second printhead are used to perform additive printing on the first filament and the second filament, respectively. The first printhead is a movable printhead that can be raised and lowered, and the second printhead is fixed. When the first printhead rises to its upper limit position, it is higher than the second printhead, and the second printhead starts to work. When the first printhead falls to its lower limit position, it is lower than the second printhead, and the first printhead starts to work. The process of switching the first nozzle 51 from the working state to the standby state is as follows: the switching motor 401 first drives the first pressure roller 413 to disengage from the extrusion roller 303, and then the lifting motor 501 drives the first nozzle 51 to rise, while controlling the extrusion mechanism to pull the wire to rise synchronously, keeping the wire relatively stationary inside the first nozzle; and / or, the process of switching the second nozzle 52 from the working state to the standby state is as follows: the switching motor 401 first drives the second pressure roller 423 to disengage from the extrusion roller 303, and then the lifting motor 501 drives the first nozzle 51 to descend; controlling the extrusion mechanism to pull the wire to descend synchronously, keeping the wire relatively stationary inside the first nozzle.

[0136] Meanwhile, the lifting mechanism and the nozzle-closing mechanism operate in a linked control manner, and both are driven by the lifting motor. The lifting motor 501 drives the first nozzle 51 and the nozzle-closing mechanism to move. When the first nozzle begins to descend from its upper limit position, the nozzle-closing mechanism moves before the first nozzle. When the first nozzle moves from its lower limit position toward its upper limit position, the first nozzle reaches the upper limit position first, and then the nozzle-closing mechanism reaches its first working position. Specifically, the above-mentioned linkage can be achieved by setting the curved shape of the upper groove wall of the drive block 504's groove (such as a U-shaped groove 5043 or a closed groove).

[0137] For example, as shown in Figure 39, the curve of the upper wall of the U-shaped chute 5043 may include the following multiple curve segments: a first curve segment 5043a and a second curve segment 5043b. In this invention, the first curve segment 5043a is the main curve segment that cooperates with the drive roller 503 when the drive block 504 rises and falls. In some embodiments, the first curve segment 5043a is a straight line segment or a rounded corner. The second curve segment 5043b is the curve segment that cooperates with the drive roller 503 before the drive block 504 begins to fall or after it finishes to rise. This curve segment is designed so that the drive block 504 remains in its original position without rising or falling as the drive roller 503 moves. In some embodiments, the second curve segment 5043b is an arc segment concentric with the rotation axis of the drive rocker arm 502. At least when the second curve segment 5043b cooperates with the drive roller 503, the plugging mechanism moves, but the drive block 504 does not rise or fall, thereby achieving the above-mentioned linkage.

[0138] Furthermore, the curve of the upper groove wall may also include a third curve segment 5043c, and a connecting curve segment located between the second curve segment 5043b and the third curve segment 5043c. The third curve segment 5043c is a self-locking curve segment or a limiting curve segment when the drive roller 503 rotates further after passing the highest or lowest point. It can be understood that after the drive roller 503 moves past the connecting curve segment, the drive roller 503 can continue to move at a certain angle, such as 5° or 10°, thereby enabling the drive rocker arm to achieve locking and positioning. Alternatively, after the drive roller 503 moves past the connecting curve segment, the drive roller 503 can continue to move at a certain angle to reach the third curve segment 5043c, thereby achieving self-locking or triggering mechanical limiting. For example, starting from the position shown in Figure 39 (when the drive block 504 and the first nozzle are at their upper limit positions), the drive roller 503 moves counterclockwise, first engaging with the second curved segment 5043b. At this time, the drive block 504 remains stationary, while the nozzle-closing mechanism moves, achieving decoupling of the lifting and lowering motion with the nozzle-closing mechanism's motion. Subsequently, the drive roller 503 continues to move counterclockwise, reaching the first curved segment 5043a. By this time, the nozzle-closing mechanism has moved a certain distance, and the drive block 504 begins to descend, with the first nozzle descending synchronously without interfering with the nozzle-closing mechanism. Afterward, as the drive roller 503 moves further counterclockwise, it will engage with the second curved segment 5043b again, while the drive block 504 continues to descend until the first nozzle reaches its lower limit position. Optionally, the drive roller 503 may continue to move thereafter, reaching a self-locking position or abutting the third curved segment 5043c to achieve self-locking or trigger a mechanical limit. When the drive block 504 and the first nozzle are at their lower limit position and begin to move upward, it is the reverse process described above. The drive roller 503 first contacts the first curved segment 5043a, driving the drive block 504 to rise. The first nozzle rises synchronously. When the drive roller 503 engages with the second curved segment 5043b, the first nozzle reaches its upper limit position. At this time, the drive block 504 remains stationary, while the nozzle blocking mechanism moves, achieving linkage decoupling between the lifting and lowering motion and the nozzle blocking mechanism motion. Optionally, the drive roller 503 may continue to move thereafter, reaching the self-locking position or abutting the third curved segment 5043c to achieve self-locking or triggering the mechanical limit.

[0139] The movable hot end is detachable and replaceable. Preferably, the follower baffle 17 and the cable fixing structure 16 are installed on the drive block 504, so that the movable hot end can be used on both the lifting side and the fixed side.

[0140] When the switching mechanism is running, when the switching cam 405 applies a biasing force to the second switching part 421, the second pressure roller 423 moves away from the extrusion roller 303, and the first pressure roller 413 moves closer to the extrusion roller 303, thus cooperating to convey the first wire; when the switching cam 405 applies a biasing force to the first switching part 411, the first pressure roller 413 moves away from the extrusion roller 303, and the second pressure roller 423 moves closer to the extrusion roller 303, thus cooperating to convey the second wire.

[0141] Regarding the prior art US2024 / 0009927A1 in the background art, in order to reduce its undesirable wire overflow, the ramp of the mechanical switch can be set as an arc surface, or the base surface dimension connected to the ramp can be larger than the ramp, so that the wire switching is faster relative to the rise and fall of the nozzle.

[0142] Regarding the prior art CN115091750B in the background art, in order to reduce its undesirable wire overflow, its inclined groove can be improved from an inclined straight groove to an inclined arc groove, S-shaped groove or Z-shaped groove, so that the horizontal movement of the transmission block changes quickly while the vertical movement changes slowly, that is, the wire switching is faster than the lifting and lowering of the nozzle.

[0143] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0144] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An additive printing tool head, comprising a mounting body, a first printhead (51), a second printhead (52), and a filament channel; characterized in that: The main body of the installation is equipped with an extrusion mechanism (3), a switching mechanism (4), a lifting mechanism (5), a linear guide mounting part (101), a first nozzle (51), and a second nozzle (52); the extrusion mechanism (3) includes an extrusion wheel (303) and an extrusion motor (301); the switching mechanism (4) includes a switching motor (401), a first pressure roller (413), and a second pressure roller (423); the lifting mechanism (5) includes a lifting motor (501) and a lifting motor reduction mechanism (507), the lifting motor driving the first nozzle to rise and fall; In the process of switching the first printhead (51) from the printing state to the lifting state, the switching motor (401) first drives the first pressure roller (413) to disengage from the extrusion roller (303), and then the lifting motor (501) drives the first printhead (51) to rise, so as to avoid the first pressure roller not disengaging from the extrusion roller and continuing to extrude the wire downward when the first printhead rises; or, while the lifting motor (501) drives the first printhead (51) to rise, the extrusion mechanism is controlled to pull the wire to rise synchronously, so as to keep the wire relatively stationary in the first printhead.

2. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the installation includes a first installation part (1) and a second installation part (2). The first installation part (1) is at least partially fixed to the upper part of the second installation part (2). The extrusion mechanism (3) and the switching mechanism (4) are disposed on the first installation part (1). The lifting mechanism (5), the first nozzle (51) and the second nozzle (52) are disposed on the second installation part (2). The linear guide installation part (101) is disposed on the first installation part (1) or the second installation part (2).

3. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism (3) also includes an extrusion motor reduction mechanism (302), and the switching mechanism (4) also includes a switching cam (405), a first swing mechanism (406), a second swing mechanism (407), and an elastic element (408). The first swing mechanism (406) and the second swing mechanism (407) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the switching cam. The extrusion motor (301) and the switching motor (401) are installed side by side on the first side of the first mounting part (1) and located above the linear guide mounting part (101). The lifting motor (501) is installed on the first side of the second mounting part (2). The first swing mechanism (406), the second swing mechanism (407), and the elastic element (408) are arranged on the second side of the first mounting part (1), and the second side is the side opposite to the first side.

4. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first swing mechanism (406) includes a first switching part (411), a first hinge part (412), a first pressure roller (413), and a first swing pivot part (414) arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the second swing mechanism (407) includes a second switching part (421), a second hinge part (422), a second pressure roller (423), and a second swing pivot part (424) arranged sequentially from top to bottom; one end of the elastic element (408) is connected to the first hinge part (412), and the other end is connected to the first hinge part (413). Two hinged parts (422); when the switching cam (405) applies a biasing force to the second switching part (421), the second pressure roller (423) moves away from the extrusion roller (303) and the first pressure roller (413) moves closer to the extrusion roller (303), cooperating to transport the first wire; when the switching cam (405) applies a biasing force to the first switching part (411), the first pressure roller (413) moves away from the extrusion roller (303) and the second pressure roller (423) moves closer to the extrusion roller (303), cooperating to transport the second wire.

5. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The extrusion motor reduction mechanism (302) includes a first reduction gear (304), which is centrally located on the second side of the first mounting part (1); and is driven by a single-stage reduction transmission with the output shaft of the extrusion motor. The extrusion wheel (303) is coaxially arranged with the first reduction gear (304).

6. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The switching mechanism (4) also includes a first transmission gear (403), a second transmission gear (404), and a switching motor reduction mechanism (402); the switching motor reduction mechanism (402) is connected to the first transmission gear (403), and the first transmission gear (403) and the second transmission gear (404) are disposed on the second side of the first mounting part (1); the first transmission gear (403) and the second transmission gear (404) are meshed and connected, and the second transmission gear (404) drives the switching cam (405) to swing; the switching cam (405) is disposed above the first reduction gear (304).

7. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first cover (11), which is disposed on the second side of the first mounting part (1); the first cover (11) is provided with a first limiting member (431) and a second limiting member (432); the first swing mechanism (406) is provided with a first wire limiting mechanism (441), and the second swing mechanism (407) is provided with a second wire limiting mechanism (442); when the first wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the first limiting member (431) and the first wire limiting mechanism (441) cooperate to restrict the first wire in the first wire channel from moving upward; when the second wire channel is in at least one non-working position, the second limiting member (432) and the second wire limiting mechanism (442) cooperate to restrict the second wire in the second wire channel from moving upward.

8. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The first limiting member (431) includes a first steel ball (4311) and a first mounting groove (4313), and the second limiting member (432) includes a second steel ball (4321) and a second mounting groove (4323); the first mounting groove (4313) and the second mounting groove (4323) are disposed on the first cover (11).

9. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The first wire limiting mechanism (441) includes a first movable limiting member (4411) and a first limiting structure (4412), and the second wire limiting mechanism (442) includes a second movable limiting member (4421) and a second limiting structure (4422).

10. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The first wire limiting mechanism (441) further includes a first elastic reset member (4413) disposed on the first swing mechanism (406), and the second wire limiting mechanism (442) further includes a second elastic reset member (4423) disposed on the second swing mechanism (407); One end of the first elastic reset member (4413) is connected to the first movable limit member (4411), and the other end is connected to the first swing mechanism (406). When the first wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the first movable limit member (4411) moves away from the wire under the action of the first elastic reset member (4413). One end of the second elastic reset member (4423) is connected to the second movable limit member (4421), and the other end is connected to the second swing mechanism (407). When the second wire channel is in the working state or between the working state and the end position of the non-working state, the second movable limit member (4421) moves away from the wire under the action of the second elastic reset member (4423).

11. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 7, characterized in that: When the first limiting member (431) cooperates with the first wire limiting mechanism (441) to limit the first wire in the first wire channel, it is recorded as the limiting position; when the first wire is in the working state, it is recorded as the working position; wherein, between the limiting position and the working position, the switching motor (401) first drives the first pressure roller (413) to disengage from the extrusion roller (303), and then the lifting motor (501) drives the first nozzle (51) to rise.

12. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A cam positioning block (409) is provided on the switching cam (405), and a magnetic element (4091) is provided on the cam positioning block (409); a first Hall sensor (4092) and a second Hall sensor (4093) are provided on the first cover (11) or the mounting body to detect the swing angle of the switching cam (405) or to detect the swing position of the first swing mechanism (406) and the second swing mechanism (407); a first positioning boss (111) and a second positioning boss (112) are also provided on the first cover (11) or the mounting body to limit the swing range of the cam positioning block (409).

13. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic element (408) is a spring. When the switching action of the switching cam (405) is in the middle state, the spring tension is large. When the switching cam (405) acts on the first switching part (411) or the second switching part (421), the spring is in a non-horizontal state and the tension is small.

14. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The first swing pivot (414) and the second swing pivot (424) are respectively disposed adjacent to the lower ends of the first swing mechanism (406) and the second swing mechanism (407).

15. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (5) also includes a drive rocker arm (502), a drive roller (503), a drive block (504), a drive slider (505), and a drive slide rail (506); the drive rocker arm (502) and the drive roller (503) are located on the second side of the second mounting part (2), which is the side opposite to the first side; one end of the drive rocker arm (502) is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor (501) via transmission or direct connection, and the other end is provided with a drive roller (503); the drive slide rail (506) is located on the second mounting part (2). On the first side, the drive slider (505) is slidably mounted on the drive slide rail (506); the drive block (504) is mounted on the first, second and third sides of the second mounting part (2), and the first side wall (5042) of the drive block (504) on the first side of the second mounting part (2) is fixedly connected to the drive slider (505); a first nozzle (51) is provided on one side of the drive slider (505), and the second side wall (5041) of the drive block (504) on the second side of the second mounting part (2) is provided with a groove that cooperates with the drive roller (503).

16. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 15, characterized in that: The slide is a U-shaped slide (5043), which has a closed side and an open side along the horizontal direction of the drive block (504). The drive roller (503) can be installed into the U-shaped slide (5043) from the open side. When the lifting motor drives the drive rocker (502) to rotate, the drive roller (503) moves along the groove wall of the U-shaped slide (5043), so that the drive block drives the drive slider (505) to move up and down along the drive slide rail (506).

17. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 16, characterized in that: The width of the U-shaped chute (5043) in the vertical direction is larger than that of the drive roller (503), so that the drive roller fits into the upper wall of the U-shaped chute (5043).

18. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 17, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting part for limiting the range of motion of the drive roller. The limiting part is the groove wall on the closed side of the U-shaped chute; or the limiting part is a protruding structure set on the mounting body or on a structural member fixed relative to the mounting body; or the limiting part is a limiting block set on the gearbox side of the lifting and deceleration mechanism.

19. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a nozzle-blocking mechanism; the lifting motor (501) drives the first nozzle (51) and the nozzle-blocking mechanism (9) to move. When the first nozzle starts to descend from the upper limit position, the nozzle-blocking mechanism moves before the first nozzle. When the first nozzle moves from the lower limit position toward the upper limit position, the first nozzle reaches the upper limit position first, and then the nozzle-blocking mechanism reaches the first working position.

20. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second nozzle (52) is fixedly installed on the second side of the second mounting part (2) and is arranged adjacent to the first nozzle (51).

21. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting motor is a brushed motor or a brushless motor; it also includes an angle measuring sensor for measuring the rotation angle of the output shaft of the lifting motor or the transmission shaft of the lifting motor reduction mechanism (507); the angle measuring sensor includes a magnetic ring and a dual linear Hall sensor, or includes a magnetic ring and a magnetic encoder.

22. The additive printing tool head as described in claim 21, characterized in that: The lifting speed or position signal of the first nozzle, obtained from the measurement data of the angle measuring sensor, is used to control the speed at which the extrusion mechanism pulls the wire upward synchronously.

23. An additive printer, characterized in that, It uses the additive printing tool head as described in any one of claims 1-22.

Images