Method performed by device, and device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method performed by a device, and a device. The method performed by a device comprises: receiving a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, wherein the R2D transmission occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and for each OFDM symbol, a transmission bandwidth of the R2D transmission is greater than or equal to a maximum value among minimum transmission bandwidths respectively corresponding to all R2D chips in the OFDM symbol; and sending a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission in response to the R2D transmission.

Description

Methods performed by the device and the device Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method performed by a communication node in a wireless communication system, and to the communication node itself. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, different communication nodes (or simply nodes) can exchange information (such as voice or data). Examples of communication nodes can include terminal nodes and network nodes. A terminal node can refer to a mobile terminal, wireless terminal, terminal device, mobile device, mobile station (MS), user equipment (UE), or simply a device. A network node can include a base station, etc.

[0003] Examples of wireless communication systems can include systems standardized by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), such as 4G systems or their evolutions based on LTE (Long-Term Evolution) radio access technology (e.g., the corresponding base station could be an eNB), and 5G systems or their evolutions based on NR (New Radio) radio access technology (e.g., the corresponding base station could be a gNB). In recent years, wireless communication technologies, including LTE and NR, have been widely used not only for communication between people (or between devices operated or controlled by people) but also for "machine-type communications" (MTC), which provides network access services to "things" or "machines," and, for example, to form an "Internet of Things" (IoT).

[0004] Wireless communication systems require continuous improvement in one or more aspects, such as improvements in some or all of the following: reliability, capacity, transmission rate, latency, interference immunity, efficiency (e.g., some or all of transmission efficiency, signaling efficiency, and energy efficiency), coverage, cost-effectiveness, and interoperability. Specifically, for example, one or more of the aspects may at least partially include some or all of the following: operation on licensed spectrum, operation on unlicensed spectrum, operation on paired spectrum, operation on unpaired spectrum, operation with shared spectrum channel access, operation without shared spectrum channel access, initial access, multiple access, random access, channel coding, line coding, physical layer channel and signal generation, transmission and reception, transmission and reception based on unicast, multicast, multicast and broadcast, physical layer control information and signaling flow (e.g., including synchronization flow, scheduling mechanism and feedback mechanism), frame structure, timing adjustment, timing relationship, transmission power control, signal measurement, higher-level control information and signaling flow, resource allocation and management, multi-carrier operation (e.g., including carrier aggregation). Aggregation and dual connectivity, multi-antenna transmission and reception, beam-based operation, priority-based operation, multi-point cooperation, relaying operation, mobility management, and in-device coexistence.

[0005] Prior art literature

[0006] Non-patent literature

[0007] Non-Patent Document 1: RP-170379, Revision of SI: Study on New Radio Access Technology, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #75

[0008] Non-Patent Document 2: RP-191971, Revised WID: New Radio Access Technology, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #85

[0009] Non-Patent Document 3: RP-234058, New SID: Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102

[0010] Non-patent document 4: RP-240826, Revised SID: Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting#103

[0011] Non-Patent Document 5: RP-243326, New Work Item: Solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #106 Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address at least some of the aforementioned problems, this disclosure provides a method and apparatus performed by a device that can at least partially improve the efficiency of a wireless communication system.

[0013] According to this disclosure, a method performed by a device is proposed, characterized by comprising: receiving a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, wherein the R2D transmission occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein for each OFDM symbol, the minimum transmission bandwidth of the R2D transmission is equal to the maximum value of the minimum transmission bandwidths corresponding to all R2D chips in the OFDM symbol; and sending a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission as a response to the R2D transmission.

[0014] Furthermore, according to this disclosure, an apparatus is proposed, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the methods described above. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and other features of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5 shows a block diagram of the device involved in this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the present disclosure should not be limited to the specific embodiments described below. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, detailed descriptions of well-known technologies not directly related to the present disclosure have been omitted to prevent confusion in understanding the present disclosure.

[0022] The following describes several implementations of this disclosure using the 3GPP 5G wireless communication system specification and its subsequent evolutions (e.g., 5G Advanced) as an example application environment. However, it should be noted that this disclosure is not limited to the following implementations, but is applicable to many other wireless communication systems, such as wireless communication systems after 5G, and 4G mobile communication systems before 5G such as LTE, LTE-Advanced, and LTE-Advanced Pro.

[0023] The terminology given in this disclosure may be used in different wireless communication systems, but a unified terminology is used in this disclosure. When applied to a specific system, it can be replaced with the terminology used in the corresponding system.

[0024] In this disclosure, "network node" may refer to a base station, or a core network node (e.g., 5G Core Network; or Evolved Packet Core), or other types of network nodes, wherein a core network node may include at least some or all of the following: AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), UPF (User Plane Function), MME (Mobility Management Entity), S-GW (Serving Gateway), and AIoTF (A-IoT Function).

[0025] In this disclosure, "base station" can refer to a base station of any communication system, such as a base station containing a 3G communication system (e.g., Node B), a base station containing a 4G communication system (e.g., eNB), and a base station containing a 5G communication system (e.g., gNB).

[0026] In this disclosure, "base station" can refer to any form of base station, such as a femto base station, a pico base station, a micro base station, a macro base station, etc.

[0027] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "communication node" may refer to a terminal node.

[0028] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "terminal node" may refer to a device.

[0029] In this disclosure, "device" may refer to a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a terminal device, a mobile device, a mobile station (MS), or user equipment (UE).

[0030] In this disclosure, "network node" may refer to a base station, or a core network node (e.g., 5G Core Network; or Evolved Packet Core), or other types of network nodes, wherein the core network node may include at least part of some or all of the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), UPF (User Plane Function), MME (Mobility Management Entity), S-GW (Serving Gateway), and AIoTF (A-IoT Function).

[0031] It should be noted that in this disclosure, the two connected by "and", "or", or "and / or" may represent different ways of expressing the same meaning in different application scenarios, and there may be a relationship of inclusion between the two, which do not necessarily refer to completely different content.

[0032] Unless otherwise stated in this disclosure:

[0033] ● Any two of “predefine”, “predetermine”, and “preset” can be interchanged.

[0034] ● “Number” and “index” are interchangeable. For example, the number of an RB (resource block) can be called the index of that RB, and vice versa; also, “numbering an RB as 0” can be expressed as “indexing an RB as 0”.

[0035] ● Elements in a set (or array, list, sequence, etc.) can be assigned indices 0, 1, 2, ..., in the order they appear. For example, the set {t0, t1, ..., t2}... N-1 The elements t0, t1, ..., t in} N-1 These can correspond to indices 0, 1, ..., and N-1, respectively.

[0036] ● An element in a set (or array, list, sequence, etc.) can be represented by its index (e.g., the subscript of the element corresponding to it in the set, array, list, or sequence, etc.). For example, a RE (Resource Element) with index 0 can be called "RE 0".

[0037] ● The index corresponding to an object (e.g., a subcarrier, a time slot, a cyclic shift, etc.) (e.g., the index of the object in a set, an array, a list, or a sequence) can be used as the "identifier" (ID) of the object.

[0038] ● If no quantity is specified when referring to an object, the quantity of the object may be one or more. For example, in "transmit uplink transmission(s) on an uplink channel", the "transmission(s)" may correspond to one transmission or multiple transmissions.

[0039] ● Elements in a time series (or set, array, or list) can appear in chronological order. For example, in a time slot set {t0, t1, ..., t...}, the elements can appear sequentially. N-1 In the context of time slot t0, the time corresponding to time slot t0 is earlier than (or no later than) the time corresponding to time slot t1, the time corresponding to time slot t1 is earlier than (or no later than) the time corresponding to time slot t2, and so on.

[0040] ● "Subcarrier" can refer to a subcarrier in a waveform based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

[0041] ● Δf can be used to represent subcarrier spacing (SCS), for example, the subcarrier spacing determined or configured for a carrier or a BWP (Bandwidth part). For example, Δf = 15 kHz; Δf = 30 kHz; Δf = 60 kHz; Δf = 120 kHz.

[0042] ●μ can be used to represent the SCS configuration corresponding to a given SCS. For example, μ=0 corresponds to Δf=15 kHz, and vice versa; μ=1 corresponds to Δf=30 kHz, and vice versa; μ=2 corresponds to Δf=60 kHz, and vice versa; μ=3 corresponds to Δf=120 kHz, and vice versa. In some cases, Δf can be equal to 15.2. μ kilohertz.

[0043] ●Constant T c It can be defined as: T c =1 / (Δf) max ·N f), where Δf max =480·10 3 Hertz, N f =4096.

[0044] ●The constant κ can be defined as: κ = T s / T c =64, where T s =1 / (Δf) ref ·N f，ref ), Δf ref =15·10 3 Hz, N f，ref =2048.

[0045] ● This can be used to represent the length of the "useful symbol time" of an OFDM symbol l with SCS configured as μ, i.e., excluding the cyclic prefix (CP). In some aspects, the... The value of can be independent of l; in this case, the value of can be... Recorded as For example, the It can be equal to seconds, wherein, the It can be equal to 2048·κ·2 -μ For example, the aforementioned It can be equal to seconds; for example, the aforementioned It can be equal to Seconds. In some respects, the stated It can be T c As a unit, accordingly, the It can be equal to the stated

[0046] ● This can be used to represent the total duration (i.e., including CP) of OFDM symbol l with SCS configured as μ. For example, the... It can be equal to seconds, wherein, the It can be equal to the duration of the CP of the OFDM symbol l. In some aspects, the... It can be represented as T c Multiples of, correspondingly, the It can be equal to In some respects, the stated The value can be determined at least in part based on the index (i.e., l) of the corresponding OFDM symbol l.

[0047] ● This can be used to represent, for example, the average OFDM symbol duration in a subframe when the SCS is configured as μ. For example, the... It can be equal to Second.

[0048] In some respects, a bit string (or bitmap, or bit sequence) of size (or “length”) of L bits (e.g., denoted as “b0, b1, ..., b...) L-1 In the given text, the leftmost bit (b0) corresponds to the most significant bit (MSB), and correspondingly, the rightmost bit (b...) corresponds to the most significant bit (MSB). L-1 ) can correspond to the least significant bit (LSB). In some aspects, in the bit string "b0, b1, ..., b L-1 In the diagram, the leftmost bit (b0) corresponds to the least significant bit, and correspondingly, the rightmost bit (b...) corresponds to the least significant bit. L-1 () can correspond to the most significant bit.

[0049] In some respects, "bit padding" can refer to the operation of adding zero or one "padding bits" to the end of a bit sequence, where the value of each "padding bit" (if any) can be "0", and the bit padding can be called "zero-padding" accordingly; or, the value of each "padding bit" (if any) can be "1", and the bit padding can be called "one-padding".

[0050] In some respects, if the number of padding bits added in a bit stuffing operation is zero, the bit stuffing operation can be called a "type 0 bit stuffing operation"; otherwise, it can be called a "type 1 bit stuffing operation". In some respects, a type 0 bit stuffing operation can be equivalent to not performing any bit stuffing operation.

[0051] In some respects, an "operating band" can refer to an operating band with a duplex mode of FDD (Frequency Division Duplex), or an operating band with a duplex mode of TDD (Time Division Duplex), or an operating band defined in other ways.

[0052] In some respects, the uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) operating frequency band within an FDD operating frequency band can be referred to as an FDD operating sub-band. Specifically, for example, the FDD uplink operating frequency band can be referred to as a UL operating sub-band, and the FDD downlink operating frequency band can be referred to as a DL operating sub-band.

[0053] In some respects, channel coding can be replaced by FEC (Forward Error Correction), and vice versa.

[0054] In some respects, "Layer 1" and "physical layer" are interchangeable.

[0055] In some respects, "Layer 2" may contain zero or one or more sublayers, such as part or all of the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, RLC (Radio Link Control) layer, PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer, SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer, and RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer.

[0056] In some respects, "higher layer(s)" can refer to one or more protocol layers or sublayers above a reference protocol layer or sublayer within a specific protocol stack (e.g., access stratum protocol stack). For example, if the reference protocol layer or sublayer is a physical layer, then "higher layer" can at least partially include some or all of the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, RRC layer, PC5-RRC layer, PC5-S layer, and NAS (Non-Access-Stratum) layer. In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the reference protocol layer or sublayer of a "higher layer" can be a physical layer. Where there is no risk of confusion, "higher layer" can also be referred to as "higher layer".

[0057] In some respects, "higher-layer data" can be data or signaling defined in higher-layer protocols, because from the perspective of the corresponding reference protocol layer or reference protocol sublayer, data or signaling defined in higher-layer protocols all belong to "data".

[0058] In some respects, "lower layer(s)" can refer to one or more protocol layers or sublayers below a reference protocol layer or sublayer within a specific protocol stack. For example, if the reference protocol layer or sublayer is an RRC layer, then "lower layer" can include part or all of the MAC layer and the physical layer; similarly, if the reference protocol layer or sublayer is a MAC layer, then "lower layer" can refer to the physical layer. In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the reference protocol layer or sublayer of a "lower layer" can be the MAC layer. Where there is no risk of confusion, "lower layer" can also be referred to as "lower layer".

[0059] In some respects, "signaling" can refer to physical layer control information, such as DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information), and SCI (Sidelink Control Information).

[0060] In some respects, "signaling" can refer to higher-level control information, such as MAC CE (Control Element) or RRC messages.

[0061] In some respects, a "parameter" can refer to a parameter of a physical layer.

[0062] In some respects, a "parameter" can refer to a higher-level parameter.

[0063] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "parameter" may refer to a higher-level parameter.

[0064] In some respects, a "parameter" can refer to a predefined quantity. For example, the number of subcarriers in each RB can correspond to a predefined parameter.

[0065] In some respects, a "parameter" can refer to a "configured" parameter. For example, a parameter that satisfies one or more of the following conditions can be called a "configured" parameter:

[0066] ● The configuration information corresponding to the parameter (e.g., including the value of the parameter) can be provided by one protocol layer (e.g., RRC layer) in a communication node (e.g., a device) to another protocol layer (e.g., physical layer) in the same communication node.

[0067] ● The configuration information corresponding to the parameter (e.g., the value of the parameter) can be provided by a protocol layer (e.g., RRC layer) of a communication node (e.g., a base station) to the peer protocol layer of one or more other communication nodes (e.g., one or more devices).

[0068] ● The configuration information corresponding to the parameter (e.g., the value of the parameter) can be "pre-configured" in a specific storage location in a communication node (e.g., a device) or in another storage location that the communication node can access.

[0069] In some contexts, "configuration" can be replaced with "configuration or pre-configuration". For example, a configuration parameter can refer to a configuration or pre-configuration parameter. Similarly, configuration information can refer to configuration or pre-configuration information.

[0070] In some respects, parameters(s) used to identify (or characterize) a resource may include at least some or all of the following: one or more time-domain parameters, one or more frequency-domain parameters, one or more code-domain parameters, and one or more spatial-domain parameters. In some respects, parameters used to identify a resource may be referred to as parameters associated with said resource, and vice versa.

[0071] In some respects, "time resources" and "time domain resources" are interchangeable.

[0072] In some respects, "frequency resources" and "frequency domain resources" are interchangeable.

[0073] In some respects, "time-frequency resources" and "time-frequency domain resources" are interchangeable.

[0074] In some respects, the start time of an OFDM symbol (including CP) can refer to the start time of the CP of the OFDM symbol.

[0075] In some respects, the start time of an OFDM symbol (excluding CP) may refer to the start time of the useful symbol portion of the OFDM symbol.

[0076] In some respects, “RB” can refer to “PRB” (Physical Resource Block), or “CRB” (Common Resource Block), or “VRB” (Virtual Resource Block), or “IRB” (Interlaced Resource Block), or RB as defined in other ways.

[0077] In some respects, “carrier-wave frequency” (or “carrier frequency”) can refer to the radio frequency (RF) reference frequency.

[0078] In some respects, "carrier frequency" can be used to identify the location of a radio frequency (RF) channel.

[0079] In some respects, the “carrier frequency” can be identified by an ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number), for example, the ARFCN can be an NR-ARFCN or an EARFCN (E-UTRA ARFCN).

[0080] In some respects, where there is no risk of confusion, “carrier frequency” can be simply referred to as “frequency”.

[0081] In some respects, a cell with a radio frequency reference frequency f0 as its carrier frequency (e.g., a downlink carrier frequency) can be referred to as a "cell on said radio frequency reference frequency f0".

[0082] In some respects, a "transmission" can correspond to a transmission on a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel); or, for instance, the physical channel can be a PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel).

[0083] In some respects, a "transmission" can correspond to the transmission of a physical signal. For example, the physical signal can be a PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal); or, for instance, the physical signal can be an SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal).

[0084] In some respects, a “transmission” can correspond to the transmission of zero or more physical channels and zero or more physical signals multiplexed in the same resource. For example, an “SS / PBCH block” (or an “SSB”, or an “SS block”) can consist of a PSS, an SSS, and a PBCH multiplexed in the same time slot.

[0085] In some respects, where there is no risk of confusion, the name of a physical channel (or physical signal) used for transmission can be used to indicate the transmission of said physical channel (or physical signal). For example, "PDCCH" can mean "PDCCH transmission".

[0086] In some respects, where there is no risk of confusion, the name of a physical channel (or physical signal) used for reception can be used to indicate the reception of said physical channel (or physical signal). For example, "PDCCH" can mean "PDCCH reception".

[0087] In some respects, a DCI carried in a downlink transmission (e.g., PDCCH) that corresponds to a specific DCI format (e.g., denoted as DCI format X) can be referred to as "a DCI format X". For example, a DCI carried in a PDCCH that corresponds to DCI format 0_0 can be referred to as "a DCI format 0_0".

[0088] In Release 12 (or Rel-12), 3GPP specifications introduced a new UE category, "Category 0," for "Low Complexity UEs" to provide low-cost devices for MTC (Multi-Channel Computing). Compared to UE categories introduced before Rel-12, Category 0 UEs have simplified transmission and reception capabilities. For example, the transport block size (TBS) for user data transmission in Category 0 UEs is limited to no more than 1000 bits; also, the half-duplex FDD operation type B supported by Category 0 UEs has a longer "guard period" than the previous half-duplex FDD operation type A.

[0089] Starting with Rel-13, 3GPP specifications began supporting eMTC (enhanced MTC, also known as "LTE-MTC" or "LTE-M") to further reduce the cost of MTC devices and support wider coverage (e.g., this can manifest as higher coupling loss). The "Category M1" UE introduced in Rel-13 is a type of "BL UE" (bandwidth-reduced low complexity UE) that only supports 6 PRBs (Physical Resource Blocks) of channel bandwidth in both uplink and downlink. Subsequent 3GPP specifications introduced an enhanced UE category for BL UEs, "Category M2," to support larger PDSCH / PUSCH channel bandwidths. BL UEs have their own SIB1 (System Information Block 1), which differs from non-BL UEs.

[0090] 3GPPRel-13 also supports "UEs in Enhanced Coverage" (or "UEs in Coverage Enhancement," or simply "UEs in CE"), which requires enhanced coverage functionality to access a cell. For this purpose, Rel-13 introduces two enhanced coverage modes: CE mode A and CE mode B. For BL UEs, support for CE mode A is mandatory. Within a cell supporting enhanced coverage functionality, different CE levels can correspond to different configurations (e.g., PRACH resource configuration) and / or operations.

[0091] 3GPP Rel-13 also introduced NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things), which allows network services to be provided via E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) with a channel bandwidth of 200kHz. NB-IoT uses a physical layer optimized for very low power consumption to provide access to network services; for example, this includes using a full carrier bandwidth of 180kHz, subcarrier spacing of 3.75kHz or 15kHz, and so on. In an NB-IoT carrier, subcarrier spacing of 3.75kHz and 15kHz can correspond to transmission bandwidth configurations of 48 subcarriers and 12 subcarriers, respectively.

[0092] NB-IoT removes many features from E-UTRA that are not relevant to the design goals of NB-IoT, such as inter-RAT mobility, handover, relaying, carrier aggregation, dual connectivity, side-to-side communication, and side-to-side discovery, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of the UE.

[0093] NB-IoT supports stand-alone operation, guard band operation, and in-band operation. In stand-alone operation, NB-IoT uses its own spectrum, such as the spectrum corresponding to one or more GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) carriers. In guard band operation, NB-IoT can use unused resource blocks (RB(s)) within the guard band of an E-UTRA carrier. In in-band operation, NB-IoT can use resource blocks (RB(s)) within a normal E-UTRA carrier.

[0094] NB-IoT supports two UE categories: Category NB1 and Category NB2. UEs supporting the latter must also support the former. Category NB2 supports larger maximum uplink TBS, maximum downlink TBS, and Layer 2 buffer size than Category NB1.

[0095] Both eMTC and NB-IoT can be considered as LPWA (low power, wide area) technologies, and their devices are characterized by low cost, long battery life, ubiquitous coverage, and high system capacity.

[0096] In recent years, automation and digitalization across various industries have opened up many new markets, creating a pressing need for new IoT technologies to support devices with lower complexity and / or power consumption (e.g., one or more orders of magnitude lower than existing 3GPP / PWA technologies such as eMTC and / or NB-IoT). This could include devices with very limited energy storage capacity and no rechargeable or manually replaceable batteries. Furthermore, new IoT technologies need to support higher (e.g., one or more orders of magnitude higher than existing 3GPP / PWA technologies such as eMTC and / or NB-IoT) connection counts and / or device density. To this end, 3GPP launched a study item at Rel-19 called "Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR" to evaluate the feasibility of new IoT technologies (including corresponding wireless access technologies) known as "Ambient Power-enabled IoT" (or simply A-IoT).

[0097] In some aspects, A-IoT can support one or more deployment scenarios, such as some or all of "standalone deployment," "guard-band deployment," and "in-band deployment." For example, in standalone deployment, A-IoT can use its own spectrum (e.g., spectrum that does not overlap with the spectrum occupied by any NR or LTE carrier); in guard-band deployment, A-IoT can use unused resource blocks (RB(s)) in the guard band of an NR (or LTE) carrier; and in in-band deployment, A-IoT can use resource blocks (RB(s)) in an NR carrier. In some aspects, each deployment scenario can correspond to an A-IoT "operation mode," or, where there is no risk of confusion, simply "operation" or "mode," for example, "standalone deployment" corresponds to "standalone operation mode," "guard-band deployment" corresponds to "guard-band operation mode," and "in-band deployment" corresponds to "in-band operation mode." In some respects, for an A-IoT system, "deployment scenario" can be equated with "operation mode," and vice versa.

[0098] In some aspects, the deployment scenarios of an A-IoT system (e.g., denoted as...) It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: predefined information, configuration information, and instruction information. For example, the... Each value can correspond to one of the following deployment scenarios, either partially or entirely: "Standalone deployment", "Protection band deployment", and "In-band deployment".

[0099] In some respects, an A-IoT system may include at least some or all of the following:

[0100] ● One or more devices. Here, “device” can also be called “A-IoT device”, “A-IoT UE”, “A-IoT terminal”, or “A-IoT transponder”.

[0101] ● One or more “readers” (or “interrogators”), wherein a reader may be a base station (e.g., a 5G base station), or an “intermediate node” that can communicate bidirectionally with the base station(s) (e.g., via an LTE Uu interface; or, as another example, via an NRUu interface), or a communication node defined in other ways.

[0102] ● One or more "carrier-wave nodes" (or "CW nodes"), where a CW node can be used to transmit CW (carrier-wave, radio frequency carrier-wave, RF carrier-wave, RF CW). In some respects, a CW transmission can be considered as a transmission from one CW node to one or more devices, and correspondingly, it can also be called a "CW2D" (cw-node-to-device) transmission.

[0103] ● One or more core network nodes, for example, may include at least some or all of the following: one or more “AIoTF” (A-IoT Function) that can communicate via NAS layer signaling and devices (or, readers), and one or more AMFs that can communicate via NAS layer signaling and readers (or, devices).

[0104] In some respects, in an A-IoT system, a communication node can support more than one A-IoT function. For example, a communication node can be both a reader and a CW node.

[0105] In some aspects, in an A-IoT system, the protocol stack for the radio interface between devices and readers may include at least some or all of the following: the A-IoT physical layer and the A-IoT MAC layer. In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "physical layer" may refer to the A-IoT physical layer, and "MAC layer" may refer to the A-IoT MAC layer.

[0106] In some respects, an A-IoT system can at least partially support one or more of the following business types:

[0107] ● "Inventory". For example, this can be used at least in part to discover and obtain device IDs.

[0108] ● "Command". For example, this can be used at least in part to send operation instructions to the device, such as commands like "read", "write", and "disable".

[0109] In some respects, at the Access Stratum (AS), information related to services (e.g., “inventory counting” services; or “command” services) can be transmitted on the A-IoT wireless interface as data from higher layers (e.g., one or more higher layers with the MAC layer as the reference protocol layer or reference protocol sublayer; or one or more higher layers with an access layer protocol layer above the MAC layer as the reference protocol layer or reference protocol sublayer).

[0110] In some respects, AS can also be referred to as "AS layer".

[0111] In some respects, a device can be attached to a tag (or label) on an item.

[0112] In some respects, a “device ID” can be used to identify (e.g., uniquely identify) a device. In some respects, a device ID can be an integer (e.g., a 16-bit integer; or a 24-bit integer; or a 32-bit integer; or a 48-bit integer; or a 64-bit integer; or a 96-bit integer; or a 128-bit integer), or it can be defined in other ways.

[0113] In some aspects, a "device group ID" can be used to identify (e.g., uniquely identify) a group of devices in an A-IoT system, wherein the device group may correspond to (or be associated with; or be mapped to) one or more devices. In some aspects, a device group ID may be an integer (e.g., a 16-bit integer; or a 24-bit integer; or a 32-bit integer; or a 48-bit integer; or a 64-bit integer; or a 96-bit integer; or a 128-bit integer), or may be defined in other ways.

[0114] In some respects, an ID that corresponds to (or is associated with; or maps to) all devices can be called a “broadcast ID”. In other respects, a broadcast ID can be a special device group ID (for example, a broadcast ID can be a device group ID where every bit is 1; or, for instance, a broadcast ID can be a device group ID where every bit is 0).

[0115] In some respects, an intermediate node can be a UE that supports reader functionality (e.g., referred to as a "common reader function") (e.g., an LTE UE; or, in other cases, an NR UE). In other respects, an intermediate node can transfer data and / or signaling between base stations(s) and devices (e.g., via the NR Uu interface; or, in other cases, via the LTE Uu interface).

[0116] In some respects, an intermediate node can be called an "intermediate UE" (or simply IUE), or a "reader UE", or a "UE reader", or an "A-IoT-enabled UE".

[0117] In some respects, an intermediate node can be a network-controlled communication node. For example, a network node (e.g., a base station) can control the A-IoT radio resources(s) used by the intermediate node.

[0118] In some respects, a device can communicate bidirectionally directly with a reader(s) (e.g., via A-IoT radio access technology), where...

[0119] ●The bidirectional communication may include the transmission of some or all of the following: data and signaling.

[0120] ●The bidirectional communication may include receiving some or all of the following: data and signaling.

[0121] A transmission from the device to a reader (e.g., referred to as "Reader A") can be called a D2R (device-to-reader) transmission, and the corresponding link can be called a "D2R link". In some respects, without the risk of confusion, a D2R link can be called an A-IoT "uplink".

[0122] A transmission from a reader (e.g., referred to as "Reader B") to the device can be called an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission, and the corresponding link can be called an "R2D link". In some respects, without the risk of confusion, an R2D link can be called an A-IoT "downlink".

[0123] ● In some respects, reader A and reader B may be two different readers.

[0124] ● In some respects, reader A and reader B may be the same reader.

[0125] In some aspects, the operating bands supported by an A-IoT system may at least partially include FDD bands, such as NR operating band n8 (i.e., an FDD band with an uplink operating band of 880 MHz to 915 MHz and a downlink operating band of 925 MHz to 960 MHz). In some aspects, when an A-IoT system operates in an FDD band, R2D transmission may at least partially utilize the downlink spectrum of the FDD band, D2R transmission may at least partially utilize the uplink spectrum of the FDD band, and CW transmission may at least partially utilize the uplink spectrum of the FDD band.

[0126] In some aspects, an R2D transmission may at least partially include a physical channel (e.g., referred to as PRDCH, Physical Reader-to-Device Channel). In some aspects, the control information carried in the PRDCH (e.g., referred to as "Type 2 R2D Control Information") may at least partially include some or all of the following: physical layer R2D control information (e.g., referred to as "Type 2 Physical Layer R2D Control Information"), and higher layer (e.g., one or more higher layers with the physical layer as a reference protocol layer or reference protocol sublayer; specifically, including, for example, the MAC layer) R2D control information (e.g., referred to as "Type 2 Higher Layer R2D Control Information").

[0127] In some aspects, an R2D transport (or, more specifically, for example, a PRDCH in the R2D transport) can be used to carry a TB (transport block), the corresponding TBS (transport block size, TB size) of which can be represented as one or more bits, or as one or more bytes, or otherwise. In some aspects, each TB submitted to the physical layer can be a MAC PDU (Protocol Data Unit) of the MAC layer, or otherwise defined.

[0128] In some respects, an R2D transmission may at least partially include (or be associated with) an R2D timing acquisition signal (R-TAS), wherein,

[0129] ● In some respects, in the time domain, the R-TAS may immediately precede the PRDCH in the R2D transmission.

[0130] ● In some respects, the R-TAS can be used at least in part for some or all of the following: timing acquisition, indicating the start of the PRDCH (e.g., at the start of the time domain), and indicating the start of the R2D transmission (e.g., at the start of the time domain).

[0131] ● In some respects, the R-TAS may carry control information, for example, referred to as “Type 1 R2D control information”.

[0132] ● In some respects, the R-TAS may include at least part of the following: a start-indicator part (SIP) and a clock-acquisition part (CAP).

[0133] ● In some respects, in the time domain, the CAP may immediately follow the SIP.

[0134] ● In some respects, the SIP can be used at least in part to indicate (or provide) the start of the R2D transmission (e.g., the start in the time domain), wherein, for example, the corresponding indication information can be part of the Type 1 R2D control information.

[0135] ● In some respects, the SIP can be used at least in part to indicate (or provide) the start of the PRDCH (e.g., the start in the time domain), wherein, for example, the corresponding indication information can be part of the Type 1 R2D control information.

[0136] ● In some respects, the R-TAS may be part of the R2D transmission, and correspondingly, for example, the R2D transmission may begin at the R-TAS.

[0137] ● In some respects, the R-TAS may not be part of the R2D transmission; correspondingly, for example, the R2D transmission may refer to the PRDCH.

[0138] ● In some respects, the R-TAS may not be part of the PRDCH.

[0139] ● In some respects, the R-TAS can be referred to as an "R2D preamble".

[0140] ● In some aspects, the information carried in the R-TAS may be referred to as "R2D timing acquisition information". In some aspects, "R2D timing acquisition information" may refer to the information carried in the CAP in the R-TAS. In some aspects, "R2D timing acquisition information" may include part or all of the Type 1 R2D control information.

[0141] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “R2D control information” may refer to some or all of the following: Type 1 R2D control information and Type 2 R2D control information.

[0142] In some respects, an R2D transmission may at least partially contain (or be associated with) an "R2D postamble" (R-POA), in which,

[0143] ● In some respects, in the time domain, the R-POA may immediately follow the PRDCH in the R2D transmission.

[0144] ● In some respects, the R-POA can be used at least in part to indicate the end of the R2D transmission (or, the PRDCH).

[0145] ● In some respects, the R-POA may not be part of the PRDCH.

[0146] ● In some respects, the R-POA may be part of the PRDCH.

[0147] In some aspects, a D2R transmission may at least partially include a physical channel (e.g., referred to as PDRCH, Physical Device-to-Reader Channel). In some aspects, the control information carried in the PDRCH (e.g., referred to as "Type 2 D2R control information") may at least partially include some or all of the following: physical layer D2R control information, and higher layer (e.g., one or more higher layers with the physical layer as a reference protocol layer or reference protocol sublayer) D2R control information.

[0148] In some aspects, a D2R transport (or, more specifically, for example, a PDRCH in the D2R transport) can be used to carry a TB, the corresponding TBS of which can be represented as several bits, or several bytes, or in other ways. In some aspects, each TB submitted to the physical layer can be a MAC PDU of the MAC layer, or can be defined in other ways.

[0149] In some respects, a D2R transmission may at least partially include (or be associated with) a D2R timing acquisition signal (D-TAS), wherein,

[0150] ● In some respects, in the time domain, the D-TAS may immediately precede the PDRCH in the D2R transmission.

[0151] ● In some aspects, the D-TAS can be used at least in part for some or all of the following: timing acquisition, indicating the start of the PDRCH (e.g., at the start of the time domain), and indicating the start of the D2R transmission (e.g., at the start of the time domain).

[0152] ● In some aspects, the control information carried in the D-TAS (e.g., referred to as "Type 1 D2R control information") may at least partially include physical layer D2R control information.

[0153] ● In some respects, the D-TAS may be part of the D2R transmission, and correspondingly, for example, the D2R transmission may begin at the D-TAS.

[0154] ● In some respects, the D-TAS may not be part of the D2R transmission; correspondingly, for example, the D2R transmission may refer to the PDRCH.

[0155] ● In some respects, the D-TAS may not be part of the PDRCH.

[0156] ● In some respects, the D-TAS can be referred to as a "D2R preamble".

[0157] ● In some aspects, the information carried in the D-TAS may be referred to as "D2R timing acquisition information". In some aspects, "D2R timing acquisition information" may include part or all of the type 1 D2R control information.

[0158] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “D2R control information” may refer to some or all of the following: Type 1 D2R control information and Type 2 D2R control information.

[0159] In some respects, a D2R transmission may at least partially contain (or associate with) one or more "D2R midambles" (D-MIAs), where,

[0160] ● In some respects, the D-MIA can be used at least in part for some or all of the following: timing acquisition and channel estimation.

[0161] ● In some respects, the D-MIA may not be part of the PDRCH.

[0162] ● In some respects, the D-MIA may be part of the PDRCH.

[0163] In some respects, a D2R transmission may at least partially contain (or be associated with) a "D2R postamble" (D-POA).

[0164] ● In some respects, in the time domain, the D-POA may immediately follow the PDRCH in the D2R transmission.

[0165] ● In some respects, the D-POA can be used at least in part for some or all of the following: timing acquisition, channel estimation, and indicating the end of the D2R transmission (or the PDRCH).

[0166] ● In some respects, the D-POA may not be part of the PDRCH.

[0167] ● In some respects, the D-POA may be part of the PDRCH.

[0168] In some aspects, a device can be identified using an "Access Layer ID" (AS ID). For example, an AS ID can be assigned to a device in R2D control information carried in an R2D transmission, and the AS ID can be used to identify the device in one or more subsequent R2D and / or D2R transmissions. In some aspects, the AS ID can be used for some or all of the following: D2R scheduling and R2D reception. In some aspects, the length of an AS ID (e.g., 16 bits; or, for example, 8 bits) is less than the length of a device ID (e.g., 48 bits; or, for example, 32 bits; or, for example, 24 bits).

[0169] In some respects, the R2D control information carried in an R2D transmission may at least partially include "target (or destination) device information," for example, indicating devices(s) that need to respond to the R2D transmission, wherein each device that needs to respond to the R2D transmission may be referred to as a target device of the R2D transmission. For example, the target device information may at least partially include some or all of the following: one or more device IDs, one or more AS IDs, one or more device group IDs, and a broadcast ID. Specifically, for example, if a device (e.g., d0) successfully receives an R2D transmission, and the corresponding target device information satisfies one or more of the following, then device d0 may be a target device of the R2D transmission:

[0170] ● One of the one or more device IDs included in the target device information is the device ID of device d0.

[0171] ● One of the one or more AS IDs included in the target device information is the AS ID assigned to the device d0.

[0172] ● One of the one or more AS IDs included in the target device information is an AS ID assigned to the device d0 that has not expired.

[0173] ●One of the one or more device group IDs contained in the target device information corresponds to (or is associated with; or is mapped to) one or more devices including the device d0.

[0174] ●One of the one or more device group IDs contained in the target device information corresponds to (or is associated with; or is mapped to) one or more device IDs, including the device ID of device d0.

[0175] ●The target device information includes a "broadcast ID".

[0176] In some respects, the target device(s) of an R2D transmission can refer to the target device(s) of the higher-layer (e.g., one or more layers above the physical layer) messages carried by the R2D transmission.

[0177] In some respects, an R2D transmission can be used to trigger (or schedule) one or more D2R transmissions, wherein, for example, each D2R transmission can be sent by a distinct target device of the R2D transmission.

[0178] In some respects, an "A-IoT transmission" can refer to part or all of a transmission sent by a node in an A-IoT system (such as a reader, a device, or a CW node). For example, an A-IoT transmission can refer to an R2D transmission (or a part of it, such as a physical layer channel or physical layer signal), or a D2R transmission (or a part of it, such as a physical layer channel or physical layer signal), or a CW transmission.

[0179] In some aspects, the transmission bandwidth of an A-IoT transmission can be expressed in Hertz (Hz), kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), the number of subcarriers, the number of RBs, or other units.

[0180] In some aspects, a device may support energy harvesting technology, for example, by capturing and converting energy from its surrounding environment (e.g., radio waves therein) for power generation and / or storage. In some aspects, the antenna for communication and the antenna for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting may be the same antenna or different antennas. In some aspects, a device supporting energy harvesting may be equipped with a rechargeable or manually replaceable battery, or may not be equipped with any such battery.

[0181] In some respects, a device can support backscattered transmission (or backscattering transmission), where, for example, the device can modulate the backscattered CW transmitted by a CW node to achieve a D2R transmission. Specifically, for example, the device can change the impedance or reflection coefficient of its antenna according to the information to be transmitted, thereby switching the backscattered signal between "high-voltage" and "low-voltage" states. For the device, the CW can be considered as "externally provided" (rather than generated internally by the device).

[0182] In some respects, the CW waveform used for backscattering can be some or all of the following:

[0183] ●CW waveform 1: Single-tone unmodulated sinusoid, or simply "one-single-tone" waveform.

[0184] ●CW waveform 2: A waveform consisting of two single tones (e.g., two unmodulated sine waves), or simply a "two-single-tone" waveform.

[0185] Compared to backscatter-based transmission, transmission generated internally by a device can be called "internally-generated transmission" (or "self-generated transmission," or "transmission based on independent signal generation"). For example, in an internally-generated transmission, steps such as digital baseband signal generation, digital-to-analog conversion, filtering, mixing, analog RF signal generation and amplification, and outputting the signal to the antenna can all be performed internally by the device.

[0186] In some respects, “backscatter-based transmission” and “endogenous transmission” can be considered as two different “types” or “transmission schemes” of D2R transmission.

[0187] In some respects, devices in an A-IoT system can be categorized into multiple categories (or, "types").

[0188] For example, a "Type 1" device can be characterized, at least in part, by some or all of the following:

[0189] ● Ultra-low peak power consumption (e.g., around 1μW; or, for example, no more than 10μW).

[0190] ● It has energy storage.

[0191] ● Receivers based on radio frequency envelope detectors (RF Envelope Detectors).

[0192] ●The initial SFO (sampling frequency offset) can be as high as ppm (parts per million), where N SFO,1It can be a fixed value (e.g., N) SFO,1 =4; for example, N SFO,1 =5), or it can vary within a certain range depending on certain conditions.

[0193] ● No signal amplification capability (e.g., neither R2D nor D2R signal amplification capability).

[0194] ●D2R transmission is based on backscattering.

[0195] In some respects, a Type 1 device may also be referred to as a "Category 1" device, or, where there is no risk of confusion, as a "Device 1".

[0196] For example, a "Type 2a" device can be characterized, at least in part, by some or all of the following:

[0197] ● Very low peak power consumption (e.g., no more than a few hundred μW; or around 100 μW; or no more than 1 mW; or no more than 10 mW).

[0198] ● It has energy storage.

[0199] ● Receivers based on radio frequency envelope detectors (RF Envelope Detectors).

[0200] ●Initial SFO Gundam ppm, of which N SFO,2A It can be a fixed value (e.g., N) SFO，2A =4; for example, N SFO，2A =5), or it can vary within a certain range depending on certain conditions.

[0201] ● Has signal amplification capability (e.g., partial or complete R2D and D2R signal amplification capability).

[0202] ●D2R transmission is based on backscattering.

[0203] In some respects, a type 2a device may also be referred to as a “Category 2a” device, or, where there is no risk of confusion, as a “Device 2a”.

[0204] For example, a "Type 2b" device can be characterized, at least in part, by some or all of the following:

[0205] ● Very low peak power consumption (e.g., no more than a few hundred μW; or around 100 μW; or no more than 1 mW; or no more than 10 mW).

[0206] ● It has energy storage.

[0207] ●Initial SFO Gundam ppm, of which N SFO，2B It can be a fixed value (e.g., N) SFO,2B =4; for example, N SFO,2B =5), or it can vary within a certain range depending on certain conditions.

[0208] ● Has signal amplification capability (e.g., partial or complete R2D and D2R signal amplification capability).

[0209] ●D2R transmission is an intrinsic transmission.

[0210] In some respects, a Type 2b device may also be referred to as a "Category 2b" device, or, where there is no risk of confusion, a "Device 2b".

[0211] In some respects, an "R2D resource" can refer to a resource that can be used for R2D transmission and / or reception. For example, for a device, an R2D resource can be used for R2D reception; as for a reader, an R2D resource can be used for R2D transmission.

[0212] In some respects, a “D2R resource” can refer to a resource that can be used for D2R transmission and / or reception. For example, for a device, a D2R resource can be used for D2R transmission; for a reader, a D2R resource can be used for D2R reception.

[0213] In some respects, a “CW resource” can refer to a resource that can be used for CW transmission.

[0214] In some respects, an "A-IoT resource" can refer to an R2D resource, a D2R resource, or a CW resource.

[0215] In some respects, an A-IoT resource can be a time-domain resource, and accordingly, the A-IoT resource can correspond to (or be associated with) one or more time-domain parameters, or the A-IoT resource can be identified (or characterized) by the one or more time-domain parameters.

[0216] In some respects, an A-IoT resource can be a frequency domain resource, and correspondingly, the A-IoT resource can correspond to (or be associated with) one or more frequency domain parameters, or the A-IoT resource can be identified (or characterized) by the one or more frequency domain parameters.

[0217] In some respects, an A-IoT resource can be a time-frequency resource, and accordingly, the A-IoT resource can correspond to (or be associated with) one or more time-domain parameters and one or more frequency-domain parameters, or the A-IoT resource can be identified (or characterized) by the one or more time-domain parameters and the one or more frequency-domain parameters.

[0218] In some aspects, in the time domain, an A-IoT transmission can occupy one or more "chips," which can be time-domain resources corresponding to the respective A-IoT resources. For example, an R2D transmission can occupy one or more "R2D chips" (e.g., one or more consecutive R2D chips). Similarly, a D2R transmission can occupy one or more "D2R chips" (e.g., one or more consecutive D2R chips).

[0219] In some respects, each chip can have a corresponding "value". For example, a chip "1" can refer to a chip with a value of "1"; a chip "0" can refer to a chip with a value of "0"; a chip "+1" can refer to a chip with a value of "+1"; and a chip "-1" can refer to a chip with a value of "-1".

[0220] In some respects, an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission; or a D2R transmission) can use OOK (On-Off Keying) modulation, whereby, for example, chip "1" can correspond to a "high voltage" amplitude envelope and chip "0" can correspond to a "low voltage" amplitude envelope. In some respects, in this case, a chip can be called an "OOK chip".

[0221] In some respects, an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission; or D2R transmission) can use BPSK (Binary phase-shift keying) modulation, whereby, for example, chip "1" (or, in this case, "+1") can correspond to a 0° phase envelope, and chip "0" (or, in this case, "-1") can correspond to a 180° phase envelope.

[0222] In some respects, a chip can correspond to a modulated symbol. For example, this can apply to some or all of the following: OOK, and BPSK.

[0223] In some respects, the duration of a chip (e.g., an R2D chip; or, as another example, a D2R chip) may be referred to as the "chip duration" (or "chip length"). In some respects, the chip durations corresponding to different parts of an R2D transmission may be equal or unequal. In some respects, the chip durations corresponding to different parts of a D2R transmission may be equal or unequal.

[0224] In some respects, chip duration (e.g., R2D chip duration; or D2R chip duration) can be expressed in seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, etc., or can be expressed as an integer multiple or fraction of the length of an OFDM symbol (or slot, or subframe, etc.), or can be expressed in other units.

[0225] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the elements in a chip sequence (or chip set) may appear in chronological order, or the indices of the elements in the chip sequence (or chip set) may increase in chronological order.

[0226] In some respects, "chip padding" can refer to adding one or more "padding chips" to the end of a chip sequence, wherein the values ​​of the one or more "padding chips" can all be equal, for example, all of them being chip "0" (or chip "1", or chip "+1", or chip "-1"). A padding chip in an R2D transmission can be called an "R2D padding chip", and a padding chip in a D2R transmission can be called a "D2R padding chip".

[0227] In some respects, it is possible to have a length of The input bit sequence (e.g., denoted as) ) Perform the "repetition number" for R b The "repetition" operation yields a result of length [number missing]. The output bit sequence, where,

[0228] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0229] ●In some respects, R b It can be a condition that satisfies R b Integers ≥ 1.

[0230] ●In some respects, R b =1 can represent no repetition (correspondingly, the output bit sequence can be equal to the input bit sequence), R b =2 can represent one repetition, R b =3 can represent two repetitions, and so on.

[0231] ● In some respects, the repetition operation may refer to the sequential repetition of each input bit (e.g., this may be called "bit-level repetition"), for example, for R b =2, The output bit sequence can be

[0232] ● In some respects, the repetition operation can refer to repeating the entire input bit sequence (e.g., this could be called "block-level repetition"), for example, for R b =2, The output bit sequence can be

[0233] In some respects, in repetitive operations, the "number of repetitions" can refer to R. b -1 (instead of R) b Accordingly, a "repetition count" of 0 can indicate no repetition (correspondingly, the output bit sequence can be equal to the input bit sequence), a "repetition count" of 1 can indicate one repetition, a "repetition count" of 2 can indicate two repetitions, and so on.

[0234] In some respects, the “number of repetitions” in repetitive operations can refer to the “number of repetitions”.

[0235] In some respects, a "CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) operation" can be performed on an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission, or a portion thereof, such as its PRDCH; or a D2R transmission, or a portion thereof, such as its PDRCH), wherein the type of the CRC operation can be one or more predefined or configured types, and the CRC operation can be a CRC attachment operation performed on a bit sequence consisting of some or all of the information bits carried by the A-IoT transmission (or, another bit sequence obtained by performing, for example, bit stuffing on the bit sequence). For example, a "Type 0 CRC operation" can refer to not performing a CRC attachment on the A-IoT transmission; a "Type 1 CRC operation" can refer to performing a CRC attachment of length 6 on the A-IoT transmission; a "Type 2 CRC operation" can refer to performing a CRC attachment of length 16 on the A-IoT transmission; a "non-Type 0 CRC operation" can refer to performing either a "Type 1 CRC operation" or a "Type 2 CRC operation" on the A-IoT transmission; and a "non-Type 0 CRC operation" can refer to performing a CRC attachment of length greater than 0 on the A-IoT transmission. In some aspects, the output bit sequence generated by the CRC operation can be called the "second output bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission, and correspondingly, the input bit sequence of the CRC operation can be called the "second input bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission. In some aspects, if the CRC operation performed is a "Type 0 CRC operation," then the "second input bit sequence" and the "second output bit sequence" can be two identical bit sequences.

[0236] In some aspects, the "second input bit sequence" may be an output bit sequence resulting from bit stuffing a "first input bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission. In some aspects, the "first input bit sequence" may include some or all of the following: all bits of the physical layer control information carried by the A-IoT transmission, and all bits of the TB carried by the A-IoT transmission. In some aspects, if the bit stuffing operation performed is a "type 0 bit stuffing operation," then the "first input bit sequence" and the "second input bit sequence" may be two identical bit sequences.

[0237] In some aspects, the "second input bit sequence" may consist of two subsequences, wherein, for example, the first subsequence may at least partially include all bits of the physical layer control information carried by the A-IoT transmission, and the second subsequence may at least partially include all or part of the following: all bits of the TB carried by the A-IoT transmission, and padding bits (bit(s)) (if any). In this disclosure, "CRC operation" may refer to a CRC operation performed on the "second input bit sequence," or it may refer to a CRC operation performed on the first subsequence of the "second input bit sequence," or it may refer to a CRC operation performed on the second subsequence of the "second input bit sequence." In some aspects, the CRC operation performed on the second subsequence of the "second input bit sequence" may be referred to as a CRC operation performed on the TB carried by the A-IoT transmission.

[0238] In some aspects, line coding can be applied to an A-IoT transmission (e.g., an R2D transmission, or a PRDCH therein; or, for example, a D2R transmission, or a PDRCH therein). For instance, line coding can be applied to the "second output bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission; or, for instance, line coding can be applied to the output bit sequence (e.g., referred to as the "third output bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission) generated after performing a repetition (e.g., bit-level repetition; or, for example, block-level repetition) operation on the "second output bit sequence" as input; or, for instance, line coding can be applied to the output bit sequence (e.g., referred to as the "fourth output bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission) generated after performing channel coding; or, for instance, line coding can be applied to the output bit sequence (e.g., referred to as the "fifth output bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission) generated after performing a repetition (e.g., bit-level repetition; or, for example, block-level repetition) operation on the "fourth output bit sequence" as input. In some aspects, the channel-coded input bit sequence (e.g., referred to as the "fourth input bit sequence" of the A-IoT transmission) may be the "second output bit sequence". In some aspects, the "fourth input bit sequence" may be the "third output bit sequence".

[0239] In some respects, some or all of the bits in the "first input bit sequence", the "second input bit sequence", the "second output bit sequence", the "third output bit sequence", the "fourth input bit sequence", the "fourth output bit sequence", and the "fifth output bit sequence" may be referred to as "information bits".

[0240] Examples of line coding may include, at least in part, Manchester coding, where, for example, the codeword mapped to bit "0" could be the chip sequence "1,0"; or the codeword mapped to bit "1" could be the chip sequence "0,1"; or the codeword mapped to bit "0" could be the chip sequence "0,1"; or the codeword mapped to bit "1" could be the chip sequence "1,0".

[0241] In some respects, the chip duration of an R2D chip (e.g., denoted as...) It can be at least partially based on an associated "R2D chip duration factor" (e.g., denoted as...). ) Determined, among which, It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, the... It can be equal to Where l can be the index of the OFDM symbol in which the R2D chip is located (e.g., the index of the OFDM symbol in a subframe; or the index of the OFDM symbol in a time slot), and μ can be the SCS configuration used by the corresponding R2D transmission. It can be a reference OFDM symbol length, for example, It can be equal to (or or In some respects, for different OFDM symbols, the stated The methods for determining these can be the same or different.

[0242] In some respects, the set of values ​​for the R2D chip duration factor can be denoted as: in, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, The value can be one of 32, 28, 24, 20, 18, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1. In some respects, the set... It may include at least some or all of the following R2D chip duration factor values: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32. In some respects, for The corresponding R2D chip duration can be denoted as: Accordingly, the set The corresponding set of R2D chip durations can be denoted as:

[0243] In some respects, the set It can be divided into Disjoint subsets (e.g., denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0244] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction integers, for example (Correspondingly, the subset) It can be the set ), and for example For example For example For example For example For example (Correspondingly, for example, the subset) It can be The subset It can be ..., the subset It can be ).

[0245] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0246] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as Each of them can be called a "Type 1 R2D chip duration factor subset".

[0247] ●In some respects, subset (or, the subset) A "Type 1 R2D chip duration subset" is formed by the R2D chip duration associated with each element, for example, denoted as It can be associated with a predefined or configured "Type 1 R2D TBS collection" (e.g., denoted as...). ), where, for example, the set Each element in the table can be a TBS (e.g., a TBS suitable for R2D transmission; or a TBS suitable for both R2D and D2R transmission), which can be represented by the number of bytes, the number of bits, or other means. Specifically, in... In this case, the set can be considered It is a subset (or the corresponding subset) Or the R2D chip duration factor. (or the corresponding R2D chip duration) The associated type 1 R2DTBS set.

[0248] In some respects, collection ……,as well as They can be the same R2DTBS set (e.g., denoted as...). A subset of ).

[0249] In some respects, gather Each of some or all of the TBSs can be associated with indication information related to CRC operations. For example, the indication information associated with a certain TBS can be used to indicate the CRC operation applicable to the TB using that TBS. For instance, the CRC operation can be one or more of the following: "Type 0 CRC operation", "Type 1 CRC operation", "Type 2 CRC operation", and "non-Type 0 CRC operation". In some aspects, for a value less than (or less than or equal to)... The TBS, for the CRC operation defined (or associated; or indicated) by the TB using the TBS, can be one of "Type 0 CRC operation" and "Type 1 CRC operation", wherein the It can be a predefined integer (e.g., in bits), for example, the... It can be equal to 24 (or 23, or 22, or 21, or 20, or 19, or 18, or 17, or 16, or 15, or 14, or 13, or 12, or 26, or 28, or 32). In some respects, for a value greater than (or, greater than or equal to) the stated value... The TBS, for the CRC operation defined (or associated; or indicated) by the TB using the TBS, can be a "Type 2 CRC operation". In some aspects, the indication information related to the CRC operation may only apply to (or less than or equal to) the specified... The TBS, or the indication information related to the CRC operation, may be only less than (or less than or equal to) the TBS. The TBS definition (or, association; or, indication).

[0250] In some respects, gather One or more TBSs included (e.g., when represented by the number of bits) can be a subset. An integer multiple or fraction of the minimum value among all R2D chip duration factors; specifically, in In the case of sets One or more TBS included can be R2D chip duration factors. An integer multiple or fraction of an integer.

[0251] In some respects, gather One or more TBSs included (e.g., when represented by the number of bits) can be a subset. The minimum value of all R2D chip duration factors is an integer multiple or fraction of one-half; specifically, in In the case of sets One or more TBS included can be R2D chip duration factors. A multiple or fraction of one-half of.

[0252] In some respects, R2D chip duration factor (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) A minimum R2D transmission bandwidth can be associated with it (e.g., denoted as ). ).For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs), of which, For example, 2 (or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or three RBs; or one RB), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or three RBs; or one RB), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or three RBs; or one RB), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs; or four RBs), of which, For example, (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) can be associated One RB (or two RBs; or three RBs), of which,

[0253] In some aspects, within an R2D transmission, the R2D chip duration factors corresponding to two different R2D chips in an OFDM symbol may be equal or unequal. For example, the R2D chip duration factor corresponding to each R2D chip in OFDM symbol 1 may all be 8. Correspondingly, the number of R2D chips in the OFDM symbol may be 8, where the chip duration of each R2D chip may be equal to... For example, the number of R2D chips in OFDM symbol 1 can be 6 (for instance, the corresponding R2D chip indices in OFDM symbol 1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in chronological order), where the R2D chip duration factor corresponding to R2D chips 0, 1, 2, and 3 can be 8 (correspondingly, the chip duration of each R2D chip can be equal to...). The R2D chip duration factor corresponding to R2D chips 4 and 5 can be 4 (correspondingly, the chip duration of each R2D chip can be equal to...). ).

[0254] In some respects, the R2D chip duration factor (factor(s)) corresponding to a set of R2D chips can refer to the R2D chip duration factor corresponding to each R2D chip in the set. For example, the number of R2D chips in OFDM symbol 1 is 6 (e.g., the corresponding R2D chip indices in OFDM symbol 1 are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in chronological order), where the R2D chip duration factor corresponding to R2D chips 0, 1, 2, and 3 is 8 (correspondingly, the chip duration of each R2D chip is equal to...). The R2D chip duration factor corresponding to R2D chips 4 and 5 is 4 (correspondingly, the chip duration of each R2D chip is equal to...). Correspondingly, the R2D chip duration factors corresponding to the R2D chip set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} are 8 and 4.

[0255] In some respects, the R-POA contained (or associated with) an R2D transmission may correspond to a specific chip sequence (e.g., referred to as the "R-POA chip sequence"). In some respects, the R-POA chip sequence may differ from any chip sequence fragment that may appear in the PRDCH carried by the R2D transmission.

[0256] In some respects, chip padding can be performed on an R2D transmission. For example, the purpose of chip padding may be to align the R2D transmission to the boundary of its latest occupied OFDM symbol. In some respects, the padded chip(s) can be considered part of the R2D transmission. In some respects, the padded chip can be considered not part of the R2D transmission, in which case the padded chip can be considered a padding chip "associated" with the R2D transmission.

[0257] In some respects, in the time domain, a D-MIA can be inserted every few D2R chips in the PDRCH of a D2R transmission.

[0258] In some respects, each D-MIA in a D2R transmission may correspond to a specific chip sequence (e.g., referred to as the "D-MIA chip sequence"). In some respects, the D-MIA chip sequence may differ from any chip sequence fragment that may appear in the PDRCH.

[0259] In some respects, a D-POA in a D2R transmission can correspond to a specific chip sequence (e.g., referred to as the "D-POA chip sequence"). In some respects, the D-POA chip sequence can differ from any chip sequence fragment that may appear in the PDRCH.

[0260] In some respects, the chip durations used by different parts of a D2R transmission (e.g., some or all of the following: D-TAS, PDRCH, D-MIA, and D-POA) may be the same or different.

[0261] In some respects, different parts of a D2R transmission (e.g., some or all of the following: D-TAS, PDRCH, D-MIA, and D-POA) can use the same chip duration.

[0262] In some respects, a small frequency shift (SFS) can be applied to a D2R transmission. For example, this can be manifested as the D2R transmission operating in the frequency domain relative to the carrier frequency (CW frequency, e.g., denoted as f). c This produces a frequency shift of amount f. a The frequency shift, where, for example, the f a It can reach tens of kilohertz; for example, the f a It can reach up to several hundred kilohertz; for example, the f a The maximum frequency can reach several megahertz. Specifically, for example, in the case that the D2R transmission is a double-sideband transmission, the center frequencies of the lower sideband and upper sideband of the D2R transmission can be f0 and f1, respectively. c -f a and f c +f a The transmission bandwidth of the D2R transmission (e.g., denoted as...) For example, it can be equal to the sum of the bandwidth of the lower sideband and the bandwidth of the upper sideband; or, for example, in the case that the D2R transmission is a single-sideband transmission, the transmission bandwidth of the D2R transmission... For example, it can be equal to the sideband where the D2R transmission is located (e.g., the lower sideband, with a corresponding center frequency of f). c -f a For example, the center frequency of the sideband above is f. c +f a The bandwidth of ). In some respects, the bandwidth of ) This can be referred to as a "D2R transmission bandwidth".

[0263] In some respects, a D2R transport (or the D2R resources used by the D2R transport) can be associated with an "SFS factor" (e.g., denoted as ). ), where, for example, the SFS factor It can be defined as in, This can represent the D2R chip duration used in the D2R transmission (or, the PDRCH in the D2R transmission). This can be the "bit duration" (or bit length) used in the D2R transmission (or the PDRCH in the D2R transmission), that is, the time length corresponding to one bit (e.g., one information bit). For example, the bit can be a bit in the "second output bit sequence" (or "third output bit sequence"; or "fourth output bit sequence"; or "fifth output bit sequence") of the D2R transmission; or, for example, the bit can be a bit in the input bit sequence when performing a repetitive operation on the D2R transmission (or the PDRCH transmission in the D2R transmission). The unit can be related to the The units are the same (for example, the same unit could be seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, or other units). In some respects, the “bit duration” may also be referred to as “D2R bit duration”.

[0264] In some respects, the transmission bandwidth of a D2R transmission and the corresponding bit duration The relationship can be (For example, when the said The unit is seconds, and the stated (The unit is Hertz). Those skilled in the art will understand that when the... and / or the aforementioned When using other units, the above relationship can be adjusted accordingly. For example, when the above... The unit is seconds, and the stated When the unit is kilohertz, the... It can be equal to In some respects, the stated It can correspond to a predefined parameter (e.g., For example, In some aspects, such as when the D2R transmission is a double-sideband transmission, the... It can be equal to 4. In some aspects, such as when the D2R transmission is a single-sideband transmission, the... It can equal 2.

[0265] In some respects, for a given bit duration (Or, the corresponding transmission bandwidth) The duration of each D2R chip Each can correspond to a different (distinct) SFS factor. vice versa.

[0266] In some respects, the SFS factor (Or, the corresponding D2R chip duration) It can be used to identify the frequency shift f. a For example, for a given bit duration, any two different SFS factors (or corresponding D2R chip durations) can correspond to two different frequency shifts. Therefore, FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) can be achieved by appropriately assigning different SFS factors (or corresponding D2R chip durations) to multiple different D2R transmissions (e.g., multiple D2R transmissions multiplexed on the same time resource; or multiple D2R transmissions that overlap in time).

[0267] In some respects, bit duration (Or, the corresponding transmission bandwidth) It can be associated with a D2R chip duration, for example, called "Type 0 Reference D2R Chip Duration" (e.g., denoted as...). ), wherein, the It can be based on a predefined or configured SFS factor, for example, called "Type 0 Reference SFS Factor" (e.g., denoted as...). ) Determined, that is (or, ), where, for example, the The unit can be seconds, the aforementioned The unit can be Hertz, the stated The unit can be seconds. In some respects, the stated... It can be predefined as 1 (or 2, or 4, or 6).

[0268] In some respects, in a "Type 1 SFS scheme", each codeword after Manchester encoding (or the chip sequence corresponding to the codeword) can be processed within one bit duration. The number of internal execution repetitions is The repeated operation, among which,

[0269] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to in, It can be the D2R chip duration used by the corresponding D2R transmission (or, the PDRCH in the D2R transmission).

[0270] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0271] ●In some respects, This can represent a sequence without repetition (correspondingly, the output sequence can be equal to the input sequence). It can represent a single repetition. It can indicate two repetitions, etc.

[0272] ● In some aspects, the repetition operation may refer to the sequential repetition of the code chip sequence corresponding to each input codeword (e.g., this may be called "codeword-level repetition"). For example, for... The code sequence obtained by Manchester encoding the bit sequence "1, 0" (e.g., "0, 1, 1, 0", or "-1, +1, +1, -1") can be obtained by first repeating the code sequence "0, 1" (or "-1, +1") corresponding to the first codeword to get the first output code sequence: "0, 1, 0, 1" (or "-1, +1, -1, +1"); then repeating the code sequence "1, 0" (or "+1, -1") corresponding to the second codeword to get the second output code sequence: "1, 0, 1, 0" (or "+1, -1, +1, -1"); finally, the first output code sequence and the second output code sequence are merged to get the final output code sequence "0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0" (or "-1, +1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1, -1"), wherein the transmission time of the first output code sequence can be... The transmission time of the second output chip sequence can be

[0273] In some respects, in a "Type 2 SFS scheme", each bit in a bit sequence (e.g., a "second output bit sequence", "third output bit sequence", "fourth output bit sequence", or "fifth output bit sequence" of a D2R transmission) can be processed for one bit duration. The number of internal execution repetitions is The process is repeated, and then Manchester encoding is performed on the resulting output bit sequence. For example, the input bit sequence "1, 0" is encoded using this method. After bit-level repetition, the output bit sequence "1, 1, 0, 0" is obtained. Manchester encoding of this output bit sequence yields the chip sequence "0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0" (or "-1, +1, -1, +1, +1, +1, -1, +1, -1"). The transmission time of the first half of the output chip sequence (i.e., "0, 1, 0, 1" or "-1, +1, -1, -1") can be equal to... The transmission time of the second half (i.e., "1, 0, 1, 0", or "+1, -1, +1, -1") can be equal to

[0274] In some respects, in the “Type 1 SFS scheme” (or the “Type 2 SFS scheme”), the “repetition count” can be defined as (instead of) Correspondingly, a "repetition count" of 0 can indicate no repetition, a "repetition count" of 1 can indicate one repetition, a "repetition count" of 2 can indicate two repetitions, and so on.

[0275] In some respects, the “number of repetitions” in the “Type 1 SFS scheme” (or the “Type 2 SFS scheme”) may refer to the “number of repetitions”.

[0276] In some respects, in the “Type 1 SFS scheme” (or the “Type 2 SFS scheme”), the SFS factor It can be equal to

[0277] In some aspects, in the “Type 1 SFS scheme” (or the “Type 2 SFS scheme”), the frequency shift f a It can be equal to (for example, when the above) The unit is seconds, and the f a The unit is Hertz (hours).

[0278] In some respects, the set of bit duration values ​​corresponding to a D2R transmission can be denoted as: in, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, The value can be one of 32, 28, 24, 20, 18, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1. In some respects, for Bit duration The corresponding D2R transmission bandwidth can be denoted as: Accordingly, the set of values ​​for D2R transmission bandwidth can be denoted as:

[0279] In some respects, the set (For example, when the unit of each element is kilohertz) it may at least partially include part or all of the following D2R transmission bandwidths: 9600, 8640, 7680, 5760, 4800, 4320, 3840, 2880, 2400, 2160, 1920, 1440, 1200, 1080, 960, 720, 600, 480, 360, 300, 240, 180, 150, 120, 90, 60, 30, 15, and 7.5. For example, For example, For example, For example, For example,

[0280] In some respects, (For example, when measured in seconds) can be equal to in,

[0281] ●In some respects, It can be equal to seconds, or can be equal to seconds, or can be equal to Or it can be equal to Alternatively, it can be defined in other ways, where μ can be the SCS configuration used to trigger (or schedule) the R2D transmission of the D2R transmission, or it can be a predefined or configured or otherwise determined SCS configuration for the corresponding A-IoT system (or the operating frequency band used by it; or the R2D transmission therein).

[0282] ●In some respects, It can be a set The element with index j in the middle.

[0283] ●In some respects, It can be an integer (e.g., For example, For example, ), or it can be a non-integer (e.g., For example, For example, ).

[0284] ● In some respects, the set It may include at least some or all of the following: 1, 2, 4, and 8. For example, For example, For example, For example,

[0285] In some respects, the set It can be a predefined or configured set. In some respects, the set... The operating frequency band of the corresponding A-IoT system and the SCS configuration used for R2D transmission in the A-IoT system can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following:

[0286] In some respects, the set It can be a predefined or configured set. In some respects, the set... The operating frequency band of the corresponding A-IoT system and the SCS configuration used for R2D transmission in the A-IoT system can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following:

[0287] In some respects, the set It can be a predefined or configured set. In some respects, the set... The operating frequency band of the corresponding A-IoT system and the SCS configuration used for R2D transmission in the A-IoT system can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following:

[0288] In some respects, Bit duration (Or, the corresponding D2R transmission bandwidth) Alternatively, the corresponding Type 0 reference (D2R chip duration) can be associated with an SFS factor set, for example, called a "Type 1 SFS factor set". In some aspects, the set It can be a predefined or configured set; in some respects, the set It may include the type 0 reference SFS factor corresponding to the type 0 reference D2R chip duration.

[0289] In some respects, gather The set consisting of the D2R chip durations corresponding to the elements in the set (e.g., in ascending order of index) (e.g., denoted as...). This can be called bit duration. (Or, the corresponding D2R transmission bandwidth) Alternatively, a "Type 1 D2R chip duration set" associated with the corresponding Type 0 reference D2R chip duration. In some aspects, said set... It can be a predefined or configured set; in some respects, the set It may include the type 0 reference D2R chip duration.

[0290] In some respects, Sets A certain element in is determined to be the set. The "Type 1 reference SFS factor" (e.g., denoted as) For example, it can be the set. ……,as well as Each element is predefined or configured as a type 1 reference SFS factor, where, for example, different values ​​of j, In the corresponding set The indices in the data can be the same (for example, the same index can be 0), or they can be different; similarly, for different values ​​of j, The values ​​can be equal (for example, the equal values ​​can be 1 or 2), or they can be unequal. For example, the... It can be a set determined according to certain rules. One of the elements, for example, the It can be the set The smallest element in the middle; for example, the aforementioned It can be the set The largest element in the set. Specifically, for example, if the set... ……,as well as If the common smallest element of the set is 1, then For example, if the set ……,as well as The common smallest element of the set is 2. For example, for a subset of values ​​of j, the corresponding set The common smallest element of these sets can be 1; correspondingly, for these sets, For other values ​​of j, the corresponding set The common smallest element of these sets can be 2; correspondingly, for these sets,

[0291] In some respects, the design of a Type 1 SFS factor set (set(s)) should make it possible to... According to the set The D2R frequency resources determined by the frequency shifts corresponding to any two elements in the set (e.g., even after considering the SFO effect) should have a certain distance between them. For example, for a 7.5 kHz D2R transmission bandwidth, the upper sideband corresponding to SFS factor value 1 and the upper sideband corresponding to SFS factor value 2 partially overlap, therefore, the set... It should not contain both SFS factor value 1 and SFS factor value 2.

[0292] Specifically, for example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, 192, and 256, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, 192, and 256, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, 192, and 256, where j0 may be a condition satisfying... Integers, such as j0 = 0, or j0 = 1, or j0 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0293] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128; or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, and 192; or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128; or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128. The subset contains part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, and 192, or may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128, or may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, 96, 128, and 192, where j1 can be a condition satisfying... Integers, for example, j1 = 0, or j1 = 1, or j1 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0294] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, and 64, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, and 96, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, and 64, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, and 96, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, and 64, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, 48, 64, and 96, where j2 may be a condition satisfying Integers of {j2}, for example, j2 = 0, or j2 = 1, or j2 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0295] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 48, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, 32, and 48, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, 32, and 48, wherein j3 may be a condition satisfying Integers, for example, j3 = 0, or j3 = 1, or j3 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0296] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, and 16, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, and 20, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, 20, and 32, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, and 20, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, 20, and 32, where j4 may be a condition satisfying Integers, for example, j4 = 0, or j4 = 1, or j4 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0297] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, and 16, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, and 20, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, and 20, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, and 24, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, and 12, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, and 20, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, and 24, or at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, and 12, where j5 may be a condition satisfying... Integers, for example, j5 = 0, or j5 = 1, or j5 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0298] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, and 16, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 8, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, and 12, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, 12, and 20, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, and 12, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, 12, and 20, wherein j6 may be a condition satisfying... Integers, for example, j6 = 0, or j6 = 1, or j6 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0299] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 8, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, 8, and 16, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, and 12, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, and 12, wherein j7 may be a condition satisfying... Integers, for example, j7 = 0, or j7 = 1, or j7 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0300] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 8, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 12, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1 and 6, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 1, 6, and 12, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2 and 6, or it may at least partially contain part or all of the SFS factors 2, 6, and 12, wherein j8 may be a condition satisfying... Integers, for example, j8 = 0, or j8 = 1, or j8 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0301] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 8, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1 and 4, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 1 and 6, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 2 and 6, or it may at least partially contain some or all of the SFS factors 2 and 8, wherein j9 may be a condition that satisfies Integers, for example, j9 = 0, or j9 = 1, or j9 = 2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0302] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 1 and 4, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 1, 4, and 8, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 1 and 6, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 1 and 8, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 2 and 6, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factors 2 and 8, or at least partially some or all of the SFS factor 2, where j 10 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 10 =0, or, j 10 =1, or, j 10 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0303] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least part of SFS factors 1 and 4, or at least part of SFS factors 1 and 6, or at least part of SFS factors 2 and 6, or at least part of SFS factor 2, where j 11 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 11 =0, or, j 11 =1, or, j 11 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0304] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least part of or all of the SFS factors 1 and 4, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 4, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 2, where j 12 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 12 =0, or, j 12 =1, or, j 12 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to 4, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0305] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least part of or all of the SFS factors 1 and 4, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 4, or it may contain at least part of the SFS factor 2, where j 13 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 13 =0, or, j 13 =1, or, j 13 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0306] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least a partial SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least a partial SFS factor 2, where j 14 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 14 =0, or, j 14 =1, or, j 14 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0307] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least a partial SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least a partial SFS factor 2, where j 15 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 15 =0, or, j 15 =1, or, j 15 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0308] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least a partial SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least a partial SFS factor 2, where j 16 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 16 =0, or, j 16 =1, or, j 16 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0309] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may contain at least a partial SFS factor 1, or it may contain at least a partial SFS factor 2, where j 17 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 17 =0, or, j 17 =1, or, j 17 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to 2, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0310] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain the SFS factor 1, where j 18 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 18=0, or, j 18 =1, or, j 18 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0311] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain the SFS factor 1, where j 19 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 19 =0, or, j 19 =1, or, j 19 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0312] For example, kilohertz (or, the corresponding bit duration) Alternatively, the SFS factor set associated with the corresponding type 0 (referencing the D2R chip duration). It may at least partially contain the SFS factor 1, where j 20 It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, j 20 =0, or, j 20 =1, or, j 20 =2, etc. In some respects, It can be equal to 1, or it can be equal to another SFS factor value.

[0313] In some respects, j0, j1, j2, j3, j4, j5, j6, j7, j8, j9, j 10 j 11 j 12 j 13 j 14 j 15 j 16 j 17 j 18 j 19 and j 20 They can all be unequal. For example, j0 = 0, j1 = 1, j2 = 2, j3 = 3, j4 = 4, j5 = 5, j6 = 6, j7 = 7, j8 = 8, j9 = 9, j 10 =10, j 11 =11,j 12 =12,j 13=13,j 14 =14,j 15 =15,j 16 =16,j 17 =17,j 18 =18,j 19 =19, and j 20 =20.

[0314] In some respects, j0, j1, j2, j3, j4, j5, j6, j7, j8, j9, j 10 j 11 j 12 j 13 j 14 j 15 j 16 j 17 j 18 j 19 and j 20 One or more of the following can be left undefined; for example, j1 = 0, j2 = 1, j3 = 2, j5 = 3, j8 = 4, j 11 =5,j 14 =6, and j 18 =7, while j0, j4, j6, j7, j9, j 10 j 12 j 13 j 15 j 16 j 17 j 19 and j 20 Then it is not defined; for example, j1=0, j2=1, j3=2, j6=3, j9=4, j 12 =5,j 16 =6, and j 20 =7, while j0, j4, j5, j7, j8, j 10 j 11 j 13 j 14 j 15 j 17 j 18 and j 19 Then it will not be defined.

[0315] In some respects, devices can access the A-IoT system through an "A-IoT random access procedure." In some respects, the A-IoT random access procedure can be triggered by a reader. For example, a Type 1 trigger message carried in an R2D transmission can be used to trigger access for a single device, or to trigger access for some or all of a group of devices, or to trigger access for some or all of the devices within the reader's coverage area (e.g., this could refer to all devices that can successfully receive the Type 1 trigger message).

[0316] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “random access procedure” may refer to A-IoT random access procedure.

[0317] In some respects, in the description of the random access procedure in this disclosure, “access” may be replaced with “random access” where applicable, and vice versa.

[0318] In some respects, the random access procedure can be performed at least partially at the MAC layer.

[0319] In some respects, the type of random access procedure (or the random access type of random access procedure) may include at least some or all of the following: contention-free access (CFA, or “contention-free random access”, CFRA) and contention-based access (CBA, or “contention-based random access”, CBRA).

[0320] In some respects, a target device(s) of an R2D transmission carrying a Type 1 trigger message can respond to the Type 1 trigger message at least in part by triggering a random access procedure.

[0321] In some respects, a Type 1 trigger message can be an "initial trigger message". In some respects, a Type 1 trigger message can be an A-IoT paging message. In some respects, an A-IoT paging message can be one or more initial trigger message types.

[0322] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "device" may refer to an A-IoT device.

[0323] The following description, with reference to FIG1, illustrates a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0324] Figure 1 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0325] As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the steps performed by the device include part or all of steps S101 and S102.

[0326] Specifically, in step S101, an R2D transmission is received (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[0327] In some respects, the R2D transmission is sent. The reader (e.g., denoted as rdr0) can be a base station or an IUE.

[0328] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. The message can carry a Type 1 trigger message. Specifically, for example, the Type 1 trigger message can be an A-IoT paging message.

[0329] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may not be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. It can carry a higher-level "command".

[0330] In some respects, transmission can be at least partially based on the R2D method. The R2D control information carried in the middle is determined Time resources (e.g., numbered sequentially by time) ……,as well as ),in, It can be a satisfaction integers (e.g., For example, For example, 3; For example, For example, For example, ).

[0331] In some respects, (in, Time Resources The corresponding start time (e.g., denoted as) ) and duration (e.g., denoted as Part or all of the R2D transmission can be determined at least in part based on part or all of the following: The end time, and the R2D control information.

[0332] In some respects, ……,as well as They can be equal to the same value (e.g., denoted as td). D ),Right now,

[0333] In some respects, the stated The value can be a set (e.g., denoted as ). One of the elements in ). In some respects, the R2D control information can be used to determine the R2D control information at least in part. The value is the set Which element in it?

[0334] In some respects, A D2R resource set can be determined at least in part based on the R2D control information. in,

[0335] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0336] ●In some respects, (in, D2R resources It can be a time-domain resource, a frequency-domain resource, or a time-frequency resource.

[0337] ●In some respects, D2R Resources It can be used in a D2R transmission, wherein, in some aspects, the D2R transmission can be used in response to the R2D transmission. In some respects, the bit duration used by the D2R transmission (or, the corresponding PDRCH transmission) may be independent of i; for example, the bit duration may be the set. One of the elements, for example, denoted as in, In some respects, the time resources occupied by the D2R transmission can be the D2R resources. In part or all of the time domain; in some respects, the D2R chip duration used by the D2R transmission (or, corresponding PDRCH transmission) can be denoted as... In some respects, the SFS factor associated with the D2R transfer (or, the corresponding PDRCH transfer) can be denoted as...

[0338] ●In some respects, D2R Resources In the time domain, this can correspond to the time resources. Alternatively, it can correspond to the aforementioned time resources. A portion (e.g., in this case, the D2R resource) The length in the time domain can be less than the time resource. (length).

[0339] ●In some respects, The time resources The length can be equal to the D2R resource. ……,as well as The maximum value of the length of the corresponding time resource.

[0340] In some respects, ……,as well as They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ),Right now, In some respects, in this situation, for One or more of the following are true:

[0341] ● ……,as well as They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ).

[0342] ● ……,as well as They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ).

[0343] In some respects, The R2D control information can be used to determine the...

[0344] In some respects, The R2D control information can be used to determine the... The corresponding D2R transmission bandwidth (i.e., the set) elements in ).

[0345] In some respects, The R2D control information can be used to determine the... (or, the aforementioned) The associated type 0 references the D2R chip duration (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[0346] In some respects, the y0, y1, ..., and They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ),Right now, Accordingly, and

[0347] In some respects, ……,as well as They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ),Right now,

[0348] In some respects, The following, some or all, can be determined at least partially based on the R2D control information: The The The y k The above and the

[0349] In some respects, some or all of the following can be determined at least in part based on the R2D control information: The td D The above The The The and the

[0350] In some respects, The It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: and type 0 reference SFS factor For example, Among them, the It can be predefined or configured to 1 (or 2, or 4, or 6, or other predefined or configured values).

[0351] In some respects, According to the above The value determines its value in the set The index of the element corresponding to y (i.e., the y) k ).

[0352] In some respects, The According to the y kDetermined, that is, based on the stated y k For indexing in the set The middle determines the

[0353] In some respects, the stated It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: and the For example,

[0354] In some respects, it can be based on the above The value determines its value in the set The index of the element corresponding to the above (i.e., the index of the element in the above) ).

[0355] In some respects, the stated According to the above Determined, that is, based on the above For indexing in the set The middle determines the

[0356] In some respects, The It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: and the For example,

[0357] In some respects, According to the above The value determines its value in the set The index of the element corresponding to y (i.e., the y) k ).

[0358] In some respects, The According to the y k Determined, that is, based on the stated y k For indexing in the set The middle determines the

[0359] In some respects, the stated It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: and the For example,

[0360] In some respects, it can be based on the above The value determines its value in the set The index of the element corresponding to the above (i.e., the index of the element in the above) ).

[0361] In some respects, the stated According to the above Determined, that is, based on the above For indexing in the set The middle determines the

[0362] Furthermore, in step S102, one or more transmissions by the R2D are performed. The triggered operation.

[0363] In some respects, when certain conditions are met (for example, this may include at least part or all of the following: the device is the R2D transmission), A target device, and the remaining power of said device is sufficient to complete the one or more transmissions by said R2D. When the operation is triggered, execute one or more of the operations transmitted by the R2D. The triggered operation. In some aspects, the R2D transmission is ignored when the conditions are not met.

[0364] In some respects, the one or more transmitted by the R2D The triggered operation may include at least some or all of the following:

[0365] ● Identify a D2R resource (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0366] ●In the D2R resources (Or, the D2R resources) Send a D2R transmission on a part of (e.g., denoted as) ).

[0367] In some respects, the D2R resources It can be determined at least in part based on the R2D control information.

[0368] In some respects, the D2R resources This could be an instruction (or "assignment") to the D2R resources of the device. For example, this could be applied to the R2D transport. The message carries a Type 1 trigger message, and the Type 1 trigger message triggers CFRA. For example, this can be applied to the case based on the R2D transmission. The information carried in the process (e.g., including one or more AS IDs) is used to schedule one or more corresponding D2R transmissions.

[0369] In some respects, the D2R resources This could be a D2R resource selected (e.g., randomly selected) by the device from one or more sets of D2R resources. For example, this could be applied to the R2D transmission. The message carries a Type 1 trigger message, and the Type 1 trigger message triggers the CBRA.

[0370] In some respects, the D2R resources It can be the D2R resource set. ……,as well as One or all of the D2R resources in the database. For example, in, and

[0371] In some respects, the k x It can be determined, at least in part, based on the R2D control information. In some aspects, the k x The device may be in the set Select (e.g., randomly select) one element.

[0372] In some respects, the i x It can be determined, at least in part, based on the R2D control information. In some aspects, the i x The device may be in the set Select (e.g., randomly select) one element.

[0373] In some respects, the k x and the i x According to the set One of the elements (e.g., denoted as srr) x ) Determined, among which,

[0374] ● In some respects, the srr x It can be determined at least in part based on the R2D control information.

[0375] ● In some respects, the srr x The device can be used in the set Select from (e.g., randomly).

[0376] ●In some respects, as stated in the above The ...and the aforementioned All equal to the stated In the case of the set It can be equal to Accordingly, for example, the k x It can be equal to The i x It can be equal to srr x mod For example, the k mentioned x It can be equal to The i x It can be equal to srr x mod

[0377] In some respects, the D2R resources (or a D2R transmission thereon, i.e., the D2R transmission) The SFS factor associated with ) ) can be a type 1 SFS factor set (e.g., denoted as One element in ), wherein the set It can be the set ……,as well as One of them. In some respects, the stated It can be used with the k x Irrelevant, that is In some respects, the stated In the set The index in can be at least partially based on the i x Sure.

[0378] In some respects, the set It can be used with the k x Irrelevant, i.e., unrelated to the D2R resources (or a D2R transmission thereon, i.e., the D2R transmission) ) in the Which of the time resources is irrelevant?

[0379] In some respects, the set The k can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: x The above The The The The and the For example, the set It can be a set For example, the set It can be a set

[0380] In some respects, the D2R resources D2R transmission on (Or, the D2R chip duration used by the corresponding PDRCH transmission) The value of ) can be a set of type 1 D2R chip durations (e.g., denoted as ) One element in ), wherein the set It can be the set ……,as well as One of them. In some respects, the stated It can be used with the k x Irrelevant, that is In some respects, the stated In the set The index in can be at least partially based on the i x Sure.

[0381] In some respects, the set It can be used with the k x Irrelevant, i.e., unrelated to the D2R resources (or a D2R transmission thereon, i.e., the D2R transmission) ) in the Which of the time resources is irrelevant?

[0382] In some respects, the set The k can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: x The above The The The The and the For example, the set It can be a set For example, the set It can be a set

[0383] In some respects, the stated It can be determined by one of the following:

[0384] ●

[0385] ●

[0386] ●

[0387] ●

[0388] In some respects, the stated It can be determined by one of the following:

[0389] ●

[0390] ●

[0391] ●

[0392] ●

[0393] In some respects, in a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG1, “R2D control information” may refer to some or all of the following: Type 1 R2D control information and Type 2 R2D control information.

[0394] In some respects, in a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG1, “R2D control information” may refer to indication information in the R2D control information.

[0395] Thus, as shown in Figure 1, this disclosure provides a method in which multiple D2R transmissions can be multiplexed in the same time resource using a small frequency shift. Each D2R transmission is associated with a distinct SFS factor taken from the same SFS factor set, and the SFS factor set is a predefined set of SFS factors for a common transmission bandwidth value corresponding to the multiple D2R transmissions. This method ensures that for each transmission bandwidth value, the corresponding SFS factor set is always a compact set (i.e., the set contains no SFS factors unsuitable for the transmission bandwidth value), and correspondingly, the signaling efficiency of indicating (or allocating) the SFS factors in the set can be improved.

[0396] The following description, in conjunction with FIG2, illustrates a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0397] Figure 2 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0398] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the steps performed by the device include part or all of steps S201 and S202.

[0399] Specifically, in step S201, an R2D transmission is received (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[0400] In some respects, the R2D transmission is sent. The reader (e.g., denoted as rdr0) can be a base station or an IUE.

[0401] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. The message can carry a Type 1 trigger message. Specifically, for example, the Type 1 trigger message can be an A-IoT paging message.

[0402] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may not be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. It can carry a higher-level "command".

[0403] In some respects, the R2D transmission The length of the "second input bit sequence" (e.g., denoted as ) bits, of which It can be a satisfaction (an integer) can be equal to in,

[0404] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to Among them, the It can be equal to the R2D transmission. The TBS of the carried TB (e.g., expressed in bits); in some aspects, the It can be equal to the R2D transmission. The size (e.g., in bits) of the Type 2 physical layer R2D control information carried, wherein, in some aspects, the It can be a satisfaction Integers, where It can correspond to the R2D transmission. The case where no type 2 physical layer R2D control information is carried; in some aspects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction The integer, correspondingly, the R2D transmission Always carries Type 2 physical layer R2D control information; in some respects, the It can always be equal to 0 (for example, this can be used when no type 2 physical layer R2D control information is defined).

[0405] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be equal to the R2D transmission. The number of bits in the "first input bit sequence". In some aspects, the Type 2 physical layer R2D control information (if any) may be located before the TB in the "first input bit sequence".

[0406] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can be equal to the number of padding bits in the "second input bit sequence", wherein, It can be a satisfaction Integers. In some respects, in the "second input bit sequence", the... A padding bit (if any) may be located after the Type 2 Physical Layer R2D control information (if any) and the TB.

[0407] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can always be equal to 0 (for example, this can be used if no bit stuffing operation is defined for R2D transmission).

[0408] In some respects, for the reader rdr0, for the R2D transmission The type of CRC operation performed can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: The The The The And a CRC operation type indication from a higher level (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0409] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 0 CRC operation condition is satisfied, then the CRC operation can be a type 0 CRC operation, wherein the type 0 CRC operation condition can at least partially include one or more of the following items (for example, the type 0 CRC operation condition can correspond to one or more of the following items in an AND or OR combination):

[0410] ●

[0411] ●

[0412] ●

[0413] ●

[0414] ● (or, ),and

[0415] ●The Indicates to perform a type 0 CRC operation.

[0416] ●The (or, ), and the Indicates to perform a type 0 CRC operation.

[0417] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 1 CRC operation condition is satisfied, then the CRC operation can be a type 1 CRC operation, wherein the type 1 CRC operation condition can at least partially include one or more of the following items (for example, the type 1 CRC operation condition can correspond to one or more of the following items in an AND or OR combination):

[0418] ●

[0419] ●

[0420] ●

[0421] ●

[0422] ●If (or, if) ),and

[0423] ●The Instructs to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation.

[0424] ●The Instructs to perform a type 1 CRC operation.

[0425] ● (or, if) ), and the Instructs to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation.

[0426] ● (or, if) ), and the Instructs to perform a type 1 CRC operation.

[0427] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 2 CRC operation condition is satisfied, then the CRC operation can be a type 2 CRC operation, wherein the type 2 CRC operation condition can at least partially include one or more of the following items (for example, the type 2 CRC operation condition can correspond to one or more of the following items in an AND or OR combination):

[0428] ●

[0429] ●

[0430] ●

[0431] ●The Instructs to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation.

[0432] ●The Instructs to perform a type 2 CRC operation.

[0433] In some respects, for i∈{0,1,2}, the set It can be a set of one or more integers, wherein, for example, some or all of the one or more integers can be non-contiguous positive integers.

[0434] In some respects, for i∈{0, 1, 2}, the set Each element in the TBS can be a predefined (e.g., one that can be used for R2D transmission, or one that can be used for both R2D and D2R transmission) TBS (e.g., in bits).

[0435] In some respects, the set and the set The intersection of these sets can be an empty set.

[0436] In some respects, the set and the set The intersection of these sets can be an empty set.

[0437] In some respects, the set and the set The intersection of these sets can be an empty set.

[0438] In some respects, the set The elements in and the set All elements in the range can be integers. In, among which, for example, It can be equal to 1 (or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 9, or 10, or 11, or 12). It can be equal to 12 (or 13, or 14, or 15, or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23, or 24, or 25, or 26, or 27, or 28, or 29, or 30, or 31, or 32).

[0439] In some respects, the set At least one element in the set is greater than the set. One or more elements in the set, and the set At least one element in the set is greater than the set. One or more elements in.

[0440] In some respects, for the reader rdr0, for the R2D transmission The type of bit stuffing operation performed on the "first input bit sequence" (or, the The value of can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: The and the

[0441] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 0a bit stuffing condition is satisfied, then a type 0 bit stuffing operation is performed, wherein the type 0a bit stuffing condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the type 0a bit stuffing condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0442] ●The Indicates to perform a type 0 CRC operation.

[0443] ●The In the set middle.

[0444] ●

[0445] ●

[0446] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 1a bit stuffing condition is met, then a type 1 bit stuffing operation is performed to make... equal to the set Medium greater than the above The smallest element, wherein the type 1a bit padding condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the type 1a bit padding condition may correspond to a combination of one or more of the following in an "AND" or "OR" manner):

[0447] ●The Indicates to perform a type 0 CRC operation.

[0448] ●The Not in the set middle.

[0449] ●

[0450] ●

[0451] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the Instructions to perform a type 0 CRC operation will then perform a bit stuffing operation (e.g., whichever is applicable between a type 0 bit stuffing operation and a type 1 bit stuffing operation) to ensure that... equal to the set greater than or equal to the The smallest element;

[0452] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 0b bit stuffing condition is satisfied, then a type 0 bit stuffing operation is performed, wherein the type 0b bit stuffing condition may at least partially include one or more of the following items (for example, the type 0b bit stuffing condition may correspond to one or more of the following items in an AND or OR combination):

[0453] ●The Instructs to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation.

[0454] ●The In the set middle.

[0455] ●

[0456] ●

[0457] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the type 1b bit stuffing condition is met, then a type 1 bit stuffing operation is performed to make... equal to the set Medium greater than the above The smallest element, wherein the type 1b bit padding condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the type 1b bit padding condition may correspond to a combination of one or more of the following in an "AND" or "OR" manner):

[0458] ●The Instructs to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation.

[0459] ●The Not in the set middle.

[0460] ●

[0461] ●

[0462] For example, for the reader rdr0, if the If an instruction is given to perform a non-type 0 CRC operation, then a bit stuffing operation (e.g., whichever is applicable between type 0 and type 1 bit stuffing operations) is performed to make equal to the set greater than or equal to the The smallest element.

[0463] In some respects, the device can at least partially transmit based on the received R2D data. One or more parameters (e.g., including the R2D transmission) The R2D chip set) is determined to include some or all of the following: The The The The The reader rdr0 transmits the R2D data. The CRC operation performed, and the R2D transmission by the reader rdr0. The bit stuffing operation performed.

[0464] Furthermore, in step S202, one or more transmissions by the R2D are performed. The triggered operation.

[0465] For example, when certain conditions are met (e.g., this may include at least part or all of the following: the device is the R2D transmission device), When a target device is selected, and the remaining power of the device is sufficient to complete the one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission, one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission are executed. Alternatively, when the condition is not met, the R2D transmission is ignored.

[0466] In some respects, the one or more transmitted by the R2D The triggered operation may include at least some or all of the following:

[0467] ● Identify a D2R resource (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0468] ●In the D2R resources (Or, the D2R resources) Send a D2R transmission on a part of (e.g., denoted as) ).

[0469] In some aspects, in a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG2, a “non-type 0 CRC operation” can be replaced with a “type 1 CRC operation”.

[0470] Thus, as shown in Figure 2, this disclosure provides a method in which, when a device receives an R2D transmission, it can determine whether the bit sequence contains a CRC by the number of received R2D chips and the length of the corresponding bit sequence after line decoding. Furthermore, one or more elements in a first set corresponding to the case where the bit sequence does not contain a CRC are greater than one or more elements in a second set corresponding to the case where the bit sequence contains a CRC, and one or more elements in the second set are greater than one or more elements in the first set. Additionally, at the transmitter, based on instructions from a higher layer, information bits corresponding to a TB can be padded into either the first or second set via bit stuffing. This method allows the higher layer of the transmitter to instruct its physical layer whether to perform CRC attachment based on message type(s), etc., without explicitly indicating the TBS in the R2D transmission, thus improving the flexibility of CRC signaling design and the efficiency of signaling transmission.

[0471] The following description, in conjunction with FIG3, illustrates a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0472] Figure 3 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0473] As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the steps performed by the device include part or all of steps S301 and S302.

[0474] Specifically, in step S301, an R2D transmission is received (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[0475] In some respects, the R2D transmission is sent. The reader (e.g., denoted as rdr0) can be a base station or an IUE.

[0476] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. The message can carry a Type 1 trigger message. Specifically, for example, the Type 1 trigger message can be an A-IoT paging message.

[0477] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may not be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. It can carry a higher-level "command".

[0478] In some respects, the R2D transmission The corresponding baseband signal can be an OFDM baseband signal. The R2D transmission... The start time can be aligned with the start time of an OFDM symbol (including the CP). For example, the R2D transmission... The continuous-time signal of OFDM symbol l in a subframe, configured with SCS μ and located at antenna port p, can be defined as follows:

[0479] in,

[0480] ●

[0481] ●

[0482] ●

[0483] ● in, This can represent the number of time slots in each subframe. It can represent the number of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) in each time slot.

[0484] ●t=0 can correspond to the start of the subframe.

[0485] ● This can represent the starting position of the OFDM symbol l in the subframe. For example, if l = 0, then otherwise

[0486] ●

[0487] ●For the extended cyclic prefix, It can be equal to 512κ·2 -μ .

[0488] ●For normal cyclic prefixes, when l = 0 or l = 7.2 μ hour, It can be equal to 144κ·2 -μ +16κ;when l≠0 and l≠7·2 μ hour, It can be equal to 144κ·2 -μ .

[0489] ●Δf is the subcarrier spacing corresponding to μ.

[0490] ● This is the number of subcarriers per RB. For example,

[0491] ● and These are the size and starting point of the corresponding resource grid, respectively. For example, the... This can represent the number of RBs (e.g., the number of CRBs) occupied by the resource grid. This can represent the starting RB (e.g., the starting CRB) of the resource grid.

[0492] ● It can be a resource element (RE) (k, l) in the resource grid. p，μ The corresponding complex-valued symbol (or simply "complex number").

[0493] ●In some respects, It can be the result of transformation precoding, wherein, in some aspects, the input of the transformation precoding can be the complex numerical symbols corresponding to the R2D chips(s) in the OFDM symbol l, or it can be defined in other ways.

[0494] ●In some respects, It may not be the result of conversion precoding.

[0495] ●μ0 can be a predefined, configured, or otherwise determined reference SCS configuration.

[0496] In some respects, μ0 can be defined as μ0 = μ, where,

[0497] ● In some respects, this may apply to one or more specific device types (e.g., including type 2b).

[0498] ● In some respects, this applies to all types of devices.

[0499] ● In some respects, this can apply to one or more specific reader types (e.g., including IUE).

[0500] ● In some respects, this applies to all reader types.

[0501] In some respects, μ0 can be a predefined integer, for example, μ0 can be equal to 0 (or 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6), where,

[0502] ● In some respects, this may apply to one or more specific device types (e.g., including type 2b).

[0503] ● In some respects, this applies to all types of devices.

[0504] ● In some respects, this can apply to one or more specific reader types (e.g., including IUE).

[0505] ● In some respects, this applies to all reader types.

[0506] In some respects, the stated The maximum value can be 12 (or 11, or 10, or 9, or 8, or 7, or 6, or 5, or 4, or 13, or 14, or 15, or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23, or 24), where,

[0507] ● In some respects, this may apply to one or more specific device types (e.g., including type 2b).

[0508] ● In some respects, this applies to all types of devices.

[0509] ● In some respects, this can apply to one or more specific reader types (e.g., including IUE).

[0510] ● In some respects, this applies to all reader types.

[0511] In some respects, the stated The minimum value can be 1 (or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6), where,

[0512] ● In some respects, this may apply to one or more specific device types (e.g., including type 2b).

[0513] ● In some respects, this applies to all types of devices.

[0514] ● In some respects, this can apply to one or more specific reader types (e.g., including IUE).

[0515] ● In some respects, this applies to all reader types.

[0516] In some respects, μ can be a predefined or configured SCS configuration. For example, μ can be predefined as 0.

[0517] In some respects, the μ can be transmitted at least in part according to the R2D. The operating frequency band (or the corresponding operating frequency band of the A-IoT system) is determined. For example, for the NR operating frequency band n8 (i.e., the FDD frequency band with an uplink operating frequency band of 880 MHz to 915 MHz and a downlink operating frequency band of 925 MHz to 960 MHz), μ can be equal to 0.

[0518] In some respects, the device (e.g., when the device is a type 1 device; or, for example, when the device is a type 2a device) may use an RF ED (RF envelope detection) based receiver (rather than an OFDM based receiver) to detect and / or receive the R2D transmission.

[0519] In some respects, the receiver of the device can consider the R2D transmission as... The corresponding baseband signal is an OOK modulated signal.

[0520] Furthermore, in step S302, one or more transmissions by the R2D are performed. The triggered operation.

[0521] For example, when certain conditions are met (e.g., this may include at least part or all of the following: the device is the R2D transmission device), When a target device is selected, and the remaining power of the device is sufficient to complete the one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission, one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission are executed. Alternatively, when the condition is not met, the R2D transmission is ignored.

[0522] In some respects, the one or more transmitted by the R2D The triggered operation may include at least some or all of the following:

[0523] ● Identify a D2R resource (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0524] ●In the D2R resources (Or, the D2R resources) Send a D2R transmission on a part of (e.g., denoted as) ).

[0525] Thus, as shown in Figure 3, this disclosure provides a method in which, when the reader generates an OFDM baseband signal for R2D transmission, the value of one of the reference SCS configuration parameters μ0 is always equal to the SCS configuration μ used by the OFDM baseband signal, thereby avoiding parameter configuration through periodic RRC signaling or similar complex signaling mechanisms in the A-IoT system.

[0526] The following description, with reference to FIG4, illustrates a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0527] Figure 4 shows a flowchart corresponding to a method performed by a device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0528] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the steps performed by the device include part or all of steps S401 and S402.

[0529] Specifically, in step S401, an R2D transmission is received (e.g., denoted as...). ).

[0530] In some respects, the R2D transmission is sent. The reader (e.g., denoted as rdr0) can be a base station or an IUE.

[0531] In some respects, the R2D transmission It can be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. The message can carry a Type 1 trigger message. Specifically, for example, the Type 1 trigger message can be an A-IoT paging message.

[0532] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may not be used to trigger a random access procedure. For example, the R2D transmission. It can carry a higher-level "command".

[0533] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may contain (or be associated with) an R-POA, wherein the R2D chip sequence corresponding to the R-POA can be denoted as... in, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example, For example, 3; For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, In some respects, the R2D chip sequence corresponding to the R-POA can be a predefined chip sequence, for example, the ……,as well as The same predefined chip value can be used (e.g., chip "0"; chip "1"; chip "+1"; chip "-1"). In some aspects, the... This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 2, or 4, or 6, or 8, etc. In some respects, the stated An R2D chip can be A series of consecutive R2D chips. In some aspects, the set of R2D chips corresponding to the R-POA can be denoted as...

[0534] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may not contain (or be associated with) R-POA.

[0535] In some respects, the R2D transmission It may contain (or be associated with) zero or one or more R2D filled chips.

[0536] In some respects, the R2D transmission The SIP in the middle can occupy A set of R2D chips (e.g., let the corresponding set of R2D chips be denoted as ). ),in,

[0537] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, For example,

[0538] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 2, or 4, or 6, or 8, etc.

[0539] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be A series of consecutive R2D chips.

[0540] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the... An R2D chip can occupy less than one OFDM symbol, or it can occupy exactly one OFDM symbol. Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include CP.

[0541] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can occupy multiple OFDM symbols (e.g., multiple consecutive OFDM symbols, including part or all of the latest OFDM symbol). Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0542] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip may begin at the start time of an OFDM symbol, or it may begin at another time (e.g., at a time within an OFDM symbol). Here, an "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0543] In some respects, the set It can be divided into chronological order as follows: A set of mutually disjoint subsets (e.g., categorized by chronological order, denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0544] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a satisfaction integers, for example For example

[0545] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 1, or 2, etc.

[0546] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0547] ●In some respects, subset It can be by An R2D chip (e.g., It consists of (a series of consecutive R2D chips), where, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0548] ●In some respects, subset It can be equal to Where, for i = 0, p i It can equal 0; p i It can be equal to

[0549] ●In some respects, subset All R2D chips can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., denoted as ). in, It can be a satisfaction (integers).

[0550] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two consecutive integers (i.e., |i1-i2|=1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) may not be equal.

[0551] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two non-adjacent integers (i.e., |i1-i2|>1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0552] ●In some respects, (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip duration) can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter, or it can be determined in other ways.

[0553] In some respects, if the set Starting with the R2D chip at index 0, all consecutive R2D chips corresponding to the same R2D chip duration factor (or the same R2D chip duration) are grouped into a subset of R2D chips in ascending order of index, until the entire subset is traversed. If all elements are present, then all subsets of R2D chips obtained can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned

[0554] Specifically, for example, It can be divided into two disjoint subsets: as well as Among them, subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is

[0555] In some respects, in the time domain, the R2D transmission CAP in the middle can occupy A set of R2D chips (e.g., let the corresponding set of R2D chips be denoted as ). in,

[0556] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, For example, For example,

[0557] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 2, or 4, or 6, or 8, etc.

[0558] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be A series of consecutive R2D chips.

[0559] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the... An R2D chip can occupy less than one OFDM symbol, or it can occupy exactly one OFDM symbol. Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include CP.

[0560] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can occupy multiple OFDM symbols (e.g., multiple consecutive OFDM symbols, including part or all of the latest OFDM symbol). Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0561] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip may begin at the start time of an OFDM symbol, or it may begin at another time (e.g., at a time within an OFDM symbol). Here, an "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0562] In some respects, the set It can be divided into chronological order as follows: A set of mutually disjoint subsets (e.g., categorized by chronological order, denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0563] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example For example

[0564] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 1, or 2, etc.

[0565] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0566] ●In some respects, subset It can be by An R2D chip (e.g., It consists of (a series of consecutive R2D chips), where, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0567] ●In some respects, subset It can be equal to Where, for i = 0, p i It can equal 0; p i It can be equal to

[0568] ●In some respects, subset All R2D chips can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., denoted as ). in, It can be a satisfaction (integers).

[0569] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two consecutive integers (i.e., |i1-i2|=1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) may not be equal.

[0570] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two non-adjacent integers (i.e., |i1-i2|>1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0571] ●In some respects, (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip duration) can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter, or it can be determined in other ways.

[0572] In some respects, if the set Starting with the R2D chip at index 0, all consecutive R2D chips corresponding to the same R2D chip duration factor (or the same R2D chip duration) are grouped into a subset of R2D chips in ascending order of index, until the entire subset is traversed. If all elements are present, then all subsets of R2D chips obtained can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned

[0573] Specifically, for example, It can be divided into two disjoint subsets: as well as Among them, subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is

[0574] In some respects, some or all of the following may be occupied A set of R2D chips (e.g., let the corresponding set of R2D chips be denoted as ). The R2D transmission The PRDCH, the R-POA, and the R2D padding chips (if any), wherein,

[0575] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0576] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip can be A series of consecutive R2D chips.

[0577] ●In some respects, the aforementioned Multiple R2D chips can reside in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the... An R2D chip can occupy less than one OFDM symbol, or it can occupy exactly one OFDM symbol. Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include CP.

[0578] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip may occupy more than one OFDM symbol (e.g., multiple consecutive OFDM symbols, including part or all of the latest OFDM symbol). Here, "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0579] ●In some respects, the aforementioned An R2D chip may begin at the start time of an OFDM symbol, or it may begin at another time (e.g., at a time within an OFDM symbol). Here, an "OFDM symbol" may or may not include a CP.

[0580] In some respects, the set It can be divided into chronological order as follows: A set of mutually disjoint subsets (e.g., categorized by chronological order, denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0581] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example For example

[0582] ●In some respects, the aforementioned This can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter. For example, the... It can be predefined as 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, etc.

[0583] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0584] ● In some respects, the subset It may consist of some or all of the following (e.g., in chronological order): the latest zero or one or more R2D chips of the PRDCH, the latest zero or one or more R2D chips of the R-POA, and the R2D filler chips (if any).

[0585] ●In some respects, subset It can be by An R2D chip (e.g., It consists of (a series of consecutive R2D chips), where, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0586] ●In some respects, subset It can be equal to Where, for i = 0, p i It can equal 0; p i It can be equal to

[0587] ●In some respects, subset All R2D chips can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., denoted as ). in, It can be a satisfaction (integers).

[0588] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two consecutive integers (i.e., |i1-i2|=1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) may not be equal.

[0589] ●In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two non-adjacent integers (i.e., |i1-i2|>1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0590] ●In some aspects, to satisfy Part or all of i (e.g., for i = 0), (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip duration) can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter, or can be at least partially based on the R2D transmission. The indication in the Type 1R2D control information carried in the system is determined, or it can be determined in other ways.

[0591] ●In some aspects, to satisfy Part or all of i (e.g., for i = 1, 2, ..., and ...) ), (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip duration) can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter, or can be at least partially based on the R2D transmission. The indications in the Type 1 R2D control information carried in the transmission are determined, or can be determined at least in part based on the R2D transmission. The indications in the Type 2 physical layer R2D control information carried in the system are determined, or they can be determined in other ways.

[0592] In some respects, the R2D transmission The carried TB (e.g., denoted as the corresponding TBS) All R2D chips corresponding to ) can be in the set. subset of Among them It can be a satisfaction Integers. For example, in In the case of, the It can be predefined as 0; for example, in In the case of, the It can be predefined as 1 (or 0); for example, the aforementioned It can be equal to

[0593] In some respects, the stated It can be determined through one or more calculation or derivation steps.

[0594] In some respects, the stated It can be a Type 1 R2D TBS collection One of the elements, where, It can be a satisfaction Integers. In some respects, the stated It can be transmitted at least in part according to the R2D. The indications in the Type 2 physical layer R2D control information carried in the system are determined.

[0595] In some respects, the stated (or, the aforementioned) Or, the set It can be at least partially based on the R2D chip subset. The corresponding R2D chip duration factor (i.e. (or the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) Determined. For example, the set It can be the above The subset of type 1 R2D chip duration factors (or, the corresponding subset of type 1 R2D chip duration, i.e., the...) The set of Type 1 R2D TBS associated with the subset of Type 1 R2D chip durations; specifically, in In this case, the set can be considered It is the aforementioned (or the corresponding R2D chip duration) The associated type 1 R2D TBS set. For example, it can be at least partially based on the aforementioned... (or the corresponding R2D chip duration) ) calculate or derive the (or, the aforementioned) Or, the set ).

[0596] In some respects, all R2D chips and the R2D filler chips (if any) of the R-POA may correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., the R-POA). ).

[0597] In some aspects, for example in In this case, all R2D chips of the PRDCH, all R2D chips of the R-POA, and the R2D filler chips (chip(s)) (if any) can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor.

[0598] In some aspects, for example in And the R2D transmission Without including or associated with R-POA, all R2D chips of the PRDCH and the R2D filler chips (if any) may correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor.

[0599] In some aspects, the number of R2D chips corresponding to the R-POA (i.e., the R-POA) It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned For example, if Then the It can be equal to a "first R-POA reference length"; for example, if the stated Then the It can be equal to a "second R-POA reference length", where,

[0600] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as the duration factor of the same R2D chip corresponding to all R2D chips of the R-POA (for example, the R-POA). ).

[0601] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as an R2D chip duration factor used by the PRDCH, that is, the The ...and the aforementioned One of them. For example.

[0602] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as one of the following R2D chip duration factors: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned For example, Specifically, for example, in In the case of, the It can be defined as the above. For example, in In the case of, the It can be defined as the above. Or it can be defined as the above.

[0603] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as the smallest of the following R2D chip duration factors: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned

[0604] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as the smallest of the following R2D chip duration factors: The ...and the aforementioned

[0605] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as the largest of the following R2D chip duration factors: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned

[0606] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be defined as the largest of the following R2D chip duration factors: The ...and the aforementioned

[0607] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a predefined or configured set of one or more R2D chip duration factors, for example, the It may include at least some or all of the following R2D chip duration factors: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 24.

[0608] ● In some respects, the “first R-POA reference length” may be equal to 3 (or 4; or 5; or 6).

[0609] ●In some respects, the aforementioned It can be a predefined or configured set of one or more R2D chip duration factor values, for example, the It may include at least some or all of the following R2D chip duration factors: 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32.

[0610] ● In some respects, the “second R-POA reference length” may be equal to 4 (or 5; or 6; or 7; or 8).

[0611] ● In some respects, the set It can be the set A subset of.

[0612] ● In some respects, the set It can be the set A subset of.

[0613] ● In some respects, the set With the set The intersection of these sets can be an empty set.

[0614] ● In some respects, the set With the set The union of can be the set

[0615] ● In some respects, the “first R-POA reference length” may not be equal to the “second R-POA reference length”.

[0616] In some respects, if the set Starting with the R2D chip at index 0, all consecutive R2D chips corresponding to the same R2D chip duration factor (or the same R2D chip duration) are grouped into a subset of R2D chips in ascending order of index, until the entire subset is traversed. If all elements are present, then all subsets of R2D chips obtained can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned

[0617] Specifically, for example, It can be divided into two disjoint subsets: as well as Among them, subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is

[0618] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned Part or all of the above The ...and the aforementioned Some or all of them may be unequal, or they may be partially equal, or they may all be equal.

[0619] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned Part or all of the above The ...and the aforementioned Some or all of them may be unequal, or they may be partially equal, or they may be completely equal. For example, the... It can be defined as always equal to the stated Accordingly, upon receiving the R2D transmission At that time, the aforementioned can be detected (or determined in other ways) first. Based on the above Determine the

[0620] In some respects, in the time domain, the R2D transmission Can correspond OFDM symbols, among which It can be a satisfaction The integer. The OFDM symbols can be sequentially referred to as the R2D transmission in chronological order. OFDM symbol 0, OFDM symbol 1, ..., and OFDM symbol For example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol It may include some or all of the following (e.g., in chronological order): the latest zero or one R2D chip of the PRDCH, and the latest zero or one R2D chip of the R-POA (e.g., in the R2D transmission). In cases involving or associated with R-POA), and the R2D padding chips (if any). In some aspects, the R2D transmission It can begin at the start time of its OFDM symbol 0 (e.g., including CP, or excluding CP).

[0621] In some respects, The R2D transmission The set consisting of all R2D chips in its OFDM symbol i (e.g., including the R-POA (if any) and / or the R2D filler chips (chip(s)) (if any); or excluding any R-POA and any R2D filler chips) (e.g., denoted as Wherein, the set Number of elements in It can be a satisfaction Integers can be divided into chronological order as follows: A set of mutually disjoint subsets (e.g., categorized by chronological order, denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0622] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example For example For example For example

[0623] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0624] ●In some respects, subset It can be by An R2D chip (e.g., It consists of (a series of consecutive R2D chips), where, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0625] ●In some respects, subset It can be equal to Where, for n = 0, p n It can equal 0; p n It can be equal to

[0626] ●In some respects, subset All R2D chips can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., denoted as ). in, It can be a satisfaction (integers).

[0627] ●In some respects, as well as If n1 and n2 are two consecutive integers (i.e., |n1-n2|=1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) may not be equal.

[0628] ●In some respects, as well as If n1 and n2 are two non-adjacent integers (i.e., |n1-n2|>1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0629] In some respects, If in a set Starting with the R2D chip at index 0, all consecutive R2D chips corresponding to the same R2D chip duration factor (or the same R2D chip duration) are grouped into a subset of R2D chips in ascending order of index, until the entire subset is traversed. If all elements are present, then all subsets of R2D chips obtained can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned

[0630] Specifically, for example, It can be divided into two disjoint subsets: as well as Among them, subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is subset The corresponding R2D chip duration factor is

[0631] In some aspects, in the R2D transmission In, the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the data can be in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the R2D transmission). OFDM symbol 0; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 1; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 2; or, for example, the R2D transmission. In the OFDM symbol 3).

[0632] In some aspects, in the R2D transmission In, the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the data can be in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the R2D transmission). OFDM symbol 0; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 1; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 2; or, for example, the R2D transmission. In the OFDM symbol 3).

[0633] In some aspects, in the R2D transmission In, the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the set, and the set Some or all of the R2D chips in the data can be in the same OFDM symbol (e.g., the R2D transmission). OFDM symbol 0; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 1; for example, the R2D transmission OFDM symbol 2; for example, the R2D transmission In the OFDM symbol 3).

[0634] In some respects, the R2D transmission The set of all corresponding R2D chips (e.g., including the R-POA (if any) and / or the R2D filler chips (chip(s)) (if any); or excluding any R-POA and any R2D filler chips) arranged in chronological order (e.g., denoted as...). Wherein, the set Number of elements in It can be a satisfaction An integer (or any integer) may at least partially contain the set. as well as The union of (i.e.) Some or all of the R2D chips in ) . For example, ……,and For example, ……,and For example, ……,and Among them, for example, the It can be equal to

[0635] In some respects, the set It can be divided into chronological order as follows: A set of mutually disjoint subsets (e.g., categorized by chronological order, denoted as ) ……,as well as ),in,

[0636] ●In some respects, It can be a satisfaction integers, for example 1. For example For example For example

[0637] ● In some respects, the subset ……,as well as The union of can be the set

[0638] ●In some respects, subset It can be by An R2D chip (e.g., It consists of (a series of consecutive R2D chips), where, It can be a satisfaction Integers.

[0639] ●In some respects, subset It can be equal to Where, for i = 0, p i It can be equal to 0; for i∈ p i It can be equal to

[0640] In some respects, subset All R2D chips can correspond to the same R2D chip duration factor (e.g., denoted as ). in, It can be a satisfaction (integers). In some respects, for subset All R2D chips in the dataset can have partially equal R2D chip duration factors. In some respects, for subset The R2D chip duration factors corresponding to all R2D chips can be different.

[0641] In some respects, as well as (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0642] In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two consecutive integers (i.e., |i1-i2|=1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) may not be equal.

[0643] In some respects, as well as If i1 and i2 are two non-adjacent integers (i.e., |i1-i2|>1), then (Or, the corresponding R2D chip duration) and (Alternatively, the corresponding R2D chip durations) can be equal or unequal.

[0644] In some respects, if the set Starting with the R2D chip at index 0, all consecutive R2D chips corresponding to the same R2D chip duration factor (or the same R2D chip duration) are grouped into a subset of R2D chips in ascending order of index, until the entire subset is traversed. If all elements are present, then all subsets of R2D chips obtained can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned

[0645] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to

[0646] In some respects, the set The above Each subset, in chronological order, can at least partially include some or all of the following sets: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned Specifically, for example, the ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as For example, the aforementioned ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as For example, the aforementioned ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as

[0647] In some respects, the stated ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as

[0648] In some respects, the stated ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as

[0649] In some respects, the stated ……,as well as These can be respectively described ……,as well as

[0650] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to

[0651] In some respects, the set The above Each subset, in chronological order, can at least partially include some or all of the following sets: of A subset (i.e., the aforementioned) ……,as well as ), the of A subset (i.e., the aforementioned) ……,as well as ), ... and the aforementioned of A subset (i.e., the aforementioned) ……,as well as Specifically, for example, the set The above Each subset (e.g., ordered by index from smallest to largest) can be, in sequence, the aforementioned subsets. ……,as well as The ……,as well as ...the aforementioned ……,as well as

[0652] In some respects, the set The above The R2D chip duration factors corresponding to each subset (e.g., in ascending order of index) can be sequentially described as follows: The ...and the aforementioned The The ...and the aforementioned ...the aforementioned The ...and the aforementioned

[0653] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to the stated

[0654] In some respects, the set The above Each subset, in chronological order, can at least partially include some or all of the following sets: The ...and the aforementioned Specifically, for example, the set The above Each subset (e.g., ordered by index from smallest to largest) can be, in sequence, the aforementioned subsets. The ...and the aforementioned

[0655] In some respects, the stated It can equal 3.

[0656] In some respects, the set The above Each subset, in chronological order, can at least partially include some or all of the following sets: The and the Specifically, for example, the set The above Each subset (e.g., ordered by index from smallest to largest) can be, in sequence, the aforementioned subsets. The and the

[0657] In some respects, the stated It can be equal to 1, and correspondingly, the set The above A subset can be itself, i.e., the... It is the aforementioned

[0658] In some respects, R2D code set The corresponding transmission bandwidth (e.g., denoted as) For example, the number of RBs can be used to represent a transmission bandwidth that satisfies a Type 1 R2D transmission bandwidth condition, wherein the Type 1 R2D transmission bandwidth condition may at least partially include one or more of the following (for example, the Type 1 R2D transmission bandwidth condition may correspond to one or more of the following in an AND or OR combination):

[0659] ●

[0660] ●

[0661] ●

[0662] ●

[0663] Among them, the and stated These can be referred to as the R2D chip subsets, respectively. The corresponding "minimum R2D transmission bandwidth" and "maximum R2D transmission bandwidth", the This can be referred to as the R2D transmission. In the R2D chip subset The transmission bandwidth.

[0664] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned They can be unequal, partially equal, or completely equal. For example, the... The ...and the aforementioned They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). In this case, the This can be referred to as the R2D transmission. The transmission bandwidth.

[0665] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned They can be unequal, partially equal, or completely equal. For example, the... The ...and the aforementioned They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). In this case, the This can be referred to as the R2D transmission. The "minimum R2D transmission bandwidth".

[0666] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned They can be unequal, partially equal, or completely equal. For example, the... The ...and the aforementioned They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). In this case, the This can be referred to as the R2D transmission. The "maximum R2D transmission bandwidth".

[0667] In some respects, It can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter.

[0668] In some respects, It can be at least partially based on (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) ) Determined. For example, the stated It can be equal to the stated

[0669] In some respects, It can be at least partially based on a subset of R2D chips. The corresponding partial or complete R2D chip duration factor (or, the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to each of the partial or complete R2D chip duration factors) is determined. For example, the... It can be equal to the maximum value of the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to the duration factor of the partial or all R2D chips respectively.

[0670] Specifically, for example, in And the stated The ...and the aforementioned They are the aforementioned The ...and the aforementioned In this case, for It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) ), the (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) ), ... and the aforementioned (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) For example, the It can be equal to the maximum value of some or all of the following: ……,as well as Specifically, for example, the R2D transmission The OFDM symbol i (e.g., for i = 0; and for i = 1), Accordingly, the It can be equal to

[0671] For example, in And the stated The as well as They are the aforementioned The and the In this case,

[0672] ●For example, It can be at least partially based on the R2D chip set The corresponding partial or complete R2D chip duration factor (or, the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to each of the partial or complete R2D chip duration factors) is determined; specifically, for example, the It can be equal to the maximum value of the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to the duration factor of the partial or all R2D chips respectively.

[0673] ●For example, It can be at least partially based on the R2D chip set The corresponding partial or complete R2D chip duration factor (or, the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to each of the partial or complete R2D chip duration factors) is determined; specifically, for example, the It can be equal to the maximum value of the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to the duration factor of the partial or all R2D chips respectively.

[0674] ●For example, It can be at least partially based on the R2D chip set The corresponding partial or complete R2D chip duration factor (or, the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to each of the partial or complete R2D chip duration factors) is determined; specifically, for example, the It can be equal to the maximum value of the minimum R2D transmission bandwidth corresponding to the duration factor of the partial or all R2D chips respectively.

[0675] In some respects, It can be determined, at least in part, based on some or all of the following: (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) ), the (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) ), ... and the aforementioned (Or, the corresponding minimum R2D transmission bandwidth, i.e.) For example, the It can be equal to the maximum value of some or all of the following: ……,as well as Specifically, for example, subset Corresponding to the above All R2D chips, subset Corresponding to the above All R2D chips and the All R2D chips, (Correspondingly, for example, It can be equal to 3 RBs. (Correspondingly, for example, It can be equal to 2 RB), and correspondingly, the stated It can be equal to

[0676] In some respects, the stated It can correspond to a predefined or configured parameter, or it can be determined in other ways. For example, the... It can be predefined as 12 RBs (or, 24 RBs; or, 22 RBs; or, 20 RBs; or, 18 RBs; or, 16 RBs; or, 14 RBs; or, 10 RBs; or, 8 RBs; or, 6 RBs; or, 4 RBs).

[0677] In some respects, The R2D transmission R2D chip subset in The corresponding frequency resources can be indexed as follows: ……,as well as of A series of consecutive RBs (e.g., when the...) When expressed in terms of the number of RBs), the aforementioned It can be the index of the corresponding starting RB; or, the It can represent A series of consecutive subcarriers, and the It can be the index of the corresponding starting subcarrier, or it can be the index of the RB (e.g., referred to as the "starting RB") where the starting subcarrier is located (e.g., the starting subcarrier can be the first subcarrier of the starting RB, i.e., subcarrier 0).

[0678] In some respects, the stated The ...and the aforementioned They can be unequal, partially equal, or completely equal. For example, the... The ...and the aforementioned They can be equal to the same value (for example, denoted as). ).

[0679] In some respects, for example at least in the case that the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example for the reader rdr0, for It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0680] In some respects, for example at least in the case that the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example for the reader rdr0, It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0681] In some respects, for example at least in the case that the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example for the reader rdr0, for It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0682] In some respects, for example at least in the case that the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example for the reader rdr0, for It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0683] In some aspects, for example, in the case where the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example, for the reader rdr0, It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0684] In some aspects, for example, in the case where the reader rdr0 is an IUE, for example, for the reader rdr0, It can correspond to a predefined or configured (e.g., configured via RRC parameters) or indicated (e.g., indicated via MAC CE; or, for example, indicated via DCI) parameter.

[0685] Furthermore, in step S402, one or more transmissions by the R2D are performed. The triggered operation.

[0686] For example, when certain conditions are met (e.g., this may include at least part or all of the following: the device is the R2D transmission device), When a target device is selected, and the remaining power of the device is sufficient to complete the one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission, one or more operations triggered by the R2D transmission are executed. Alternatively, when the condition is not met, the R2D transmission is ignored.

[0687] In some respects, the one or more transmitted by the R2D The triggered operation may include at least some or all of the following:

[0688] ● Identify a D2R resource (e.g., denoted as...) ).

[0689] ●In the D2R resources (Or, the D2R resources) Send a D2R transmission on a part of (e.g., denoted as) ).

[0690] In some aspects, in a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure shown in FIG4,

[0691] Thus, as shown in Figure 4, this disclosure provides a method in which the minimum transmission bandwidth corresponding to each OFDM symbol in an R2D transmission (and, correspondingly, for example, the size of the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) used when performing conversion precoding, in terms of the number of subcarriers) can be equal to the maximum value of the minimum transmission bandwidth corresponding to each R2D chip in the OFDM symbol. This ensures that existing methods for conversion precoding by OFDM symbol can be efficiently reused in the R2D transmission, ensures compatibility with OFDM baseband signals defined in the Uu interface, and improves the performance of the A-IoT system.

[0692] Variations

[0693] The following uses Figure 5 to illustrate a device that can perform the method described in detail above as a variation of this disclosure.

[0694] Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating the device involved in this disclosure.

[0695] As shown in Figure 5, the device NODE 50 includes a processor 501 and a memory 502. The processor 501 may include, for example, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, an embedded processor, etc. The memory 502 may include, for example, volatile memory (such as random access memory, RAM), a hard disk drive (HDD), non-volatile memory (such as flash memory), or other memory. Program instructions are stored on the memory 502. When executed by the processor 501, these instructions can perform the methods described in detail herein, executed by the device.

[0696] The embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented on a computer program product. More specifically, the computer program product is one that has a computer-readable medium on which computer program logic is encoded, which, when executed on a computing device, provides related operations to implement the above-described technical solutions of this disclosure. When executed on at least one processor of a computing system, the computer program logic causes the processor to perform the operations (methods) described in the embodiments of this disclosure. This configuration of the disclosure is typically provided as software, code, and / or other data structures set or encoded on a computer-readable medium such as an optical medium (e.g., CD-ROM), floppy disk, or hard disk, or other media such as firmware or microcode on one or more ROM, RAM, or PROM chips, or downloadable software images, shared databases, etc., in one or more modules. The software or firmware or such configuration can be installed on a computing device to cause one or more processors in the computing device to perform the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0697] Computer-executable instructions or programs running on a device according to this disclosure may be programs that enable a computer to perform the functions of embodiments of this disclosure by controlling a central processing unit (CPU). The program or information processed by the program may be temporarily stored in volatile memory (such as random access memory, RAM), hard disk drive (HDD), non-volatile memory (such as flash memory), or other memory systems.

[0698] Computer-executable instructions or programs for implementing the functions of the embodiments of this disclosure can be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium. The corresponding functions can be implemented by causing a computer system to read and execute the programs recorded on the recording medium. The term "computer system" herein can refer to a computer system embedded in the device, and may include an operating system or hardware (such as peripheral devices). "Computer-readable storage medium" can be a semiconductor recording medium, an optical recording medium, a magnetic recording medium, a short-time dynamic program storage medium, or any other computer-readable recording medium.

[0699] Various features or functional modules of the devices used in the above embodiments can be implemented or executed by circuits (e.g., monolithic or multi-chip integrated circuits). Circuits designed to perform the functions described in this specification may include general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above devices. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any existing processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The circuits described above may be digital circuits or analog circuits. In cases where advancements in semiconductor technology have led to new integrated circuit technologies that replace existing integrated circuits, one or more embodiments of this disclosure may also be implemented using these new integrated circuit technologies.

[0700] It should be understood that the above embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the various components inside the base station and equipment in the above embodiments can be implemented by a variety of devices, including but not limited to: analog circuit devices, digital circuit devices, digital signal processing (DSP) circuits, programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0701] The methods and related devices of this disclosure have been described above in conjunction with preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the methods shown above are merely exemplary, and the various embodiments described above can be combined with each other without contradiction. The methods of this disclosure are not limited to the steps and sequence shown above. The network nodes and devices shown above may include more modules, such as modules that can be developed or will be developed in the future for use in network nodes or terminal nodes, etc. The various identifiers shown above are merely exemplary and not limiting, and this disclosure is not limited to the specific information elements exemplified by these identifiers. Those skilled in the art can make many variations and modifications based on the teachings of the illustrated embodiments.

[0702] Those skilled in the art should understand that any set is a subset of itself; the empty set is a subset of any set; parts or all of a mathematical expression, mathematical equation, or mathematical inequality can be simplified, transformed, or rewritten to a certain extent, such as merging constant terms, swapping two addition terms, swapping two multiplication terms, changing the sign of a term and moving it from the left to the right of the equation or inequality, or changing the sign of a term and moving it from the right to the left of the equation or inequality, etc.; the mathematical expression, mathematical equation, or mathematical inequality before and after simplification, transformation, or rewriting can be considered equivalent.

[0703] Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above. Although various examples of the embodiments have been described, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, this disclosure can be applied to fixed or non-mobile electronic devices installed indoors or outdoors that can be used as communication nodes, such as audio and / or video equipment, kitchen equipment, cleaning equipment, air conditioners, office equipment, vending machines, and other household appliances.

[0704] As described above, embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the specific structure is not limited to the above embodiments, and this disclosure also includes any design modifications that do not depart from the spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, various modifications can be made to this disclosure within the scope of the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included within the technical scope of this disclosure. In addition, components with the same effects described in the above embodiments can be substituted for each other.

Claims

A method performed by a device, characterized in that include: Receive a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, wherein the R2D transmission occupies one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, wherein for each OFDM symbol, the transmission bandwidth of the R2D transmission is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the minimum transmission bandwidth corresponding to each R2D chip in the OFDM symbol; and, Send a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission in response to the R2D transmission. An apparatus comprising: processor; as well as Memory, which stores instructions The instructions are executed by the processor according to the method described in claim 1.

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