Direct air capture system and method for controlling a direct air capture system

Abstract

Various embodiments concern a direct air capture (DAC) system for use with an air ventilation system, the DAC system comprising: a plurality of direct air capture modules combined together to form a combined direct air capture unit, each of the direct air capture module rotatable about an axis; a controller to control each of the plurality of direct air capture modules in one or more of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode, wherein each of the direct air capture module comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller is configured to rotate each of the plurality of direct air capture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system at one or more operation modes.

Description

DIRECT AIR CAPTURE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A DIRECT AIR CAPTURE SYSTEMTechnical field

[0001] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to direct air capture system and a method for controlling a direct air capture (DAC) system.Background

[0002] The following discussion of the background art is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present disclosure only. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgement or admission that any of the material referred to was published, known or is part of the common general knowledge of the person skilled in the art in any jurisdiction as of the priority date of the disclosure.

[0003] Conventional direct air capture (DAC) technology focuses primarily on capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂ or CO2) directly from the atmosphere efficiently and economically. For a DAC system, the desorption process is highly energy -intensive. It involves breaking the chemical bonds between the sorbent material and the captured CO2, which requires a significant amount of consistent heating energy. This heating is necessary to raise the temperature of the sorbent to the point where the CO2 can be released. After the desorption process, the system must then be cooled, which adds another layer of energy consumption and further reduces overall energy efficiency. Cycle-based DAC has been incompatible with HVAC systems which require consistent fresh air delivery into the indoor space. Therefore, there is a need to have cycle DAC systems in which the DAC unit is compatible with HVAC systems to ensure continuous operation and consistent process air quantity.There is a need to integrate DAC with a ventilation system, such as an AHU, to ensure continuous operation and a consistent air supply to indoor spaces.Summary

[0004] The present disclosure seeks to provide a direct air capture (DAC) system, the DAC system comprising a plurality of DAC modules, such modularity which allows integration with different sizes of AHUs. In particular, the DAC modules may be combined to form DAC units of different heights or sizes, and such modularity is desirable as the number of units can be adjusted based on other constraints such as ventilation system (e.g. air handling unit (AHU)) size, airflow requirements, and pressure drop considerations.

[0005] The implementation of the present disclosure in a ventilation system, such as a ventilation system comprising one or more air handling units (AHU) of an HVAC system may be straightforward and convenient. In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be integrated with existing AHUs that can accommodate filters slots to include the DAC modules into one or more of such filter slots. In some embodiments, the present disclosure may be integrated into an existing system with modifications made to air intake and release inlets / outlets.

[0006] Various embodiments concern a direct air capture (DAC) system for use with an air ventilation system, the DAC system comprising: a plurality of direct air capture modules combined together to form a combined direct air capture unit, each of the direct air capture module rotatable about an axis; a controller to control each of the plurality of direct air capture modules in at least one of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode, wherein each direct air capture module comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller is configured to rotate each of the plurality of direct aircapture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system at one or more operation modes.

[0007] Various embodiments concern a method of controlling a direct air capture system for use with an air ventilation system comprising: combining a plurality of direct air capture modules together to form a combined direct air capture unit, each of the direct air capture module rotatable about an axis; controlling, by a controller, each of the plurality of direct air capture modules in at least one of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode; wherein each of the direct air capture module comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller is configured to control each of the plurality of direct air capture modules by rotating each of the plurality of direct air capture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system in the one or more operation modes.

[0008] The dependent claims define some examples associated with the direct air capture (DAC) system and method of controlling the direct air capture system, respectively.Brief description of the drawings

[0009] The disclosure will be better understood with reference to the detailed description when considered in conjunction with the non-limiting examples and the accompanying drawings, in which:- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of DAC modular unit and the combined DAC unit according to various embodiments;FIGS. 2A-2C shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of upper and lower arrangement of a combined DAC unit according to various embodiments;- FIGS. 3A-3C shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of alternating (granular or segmented) arrangement of a combined DAC unit according to various embodiments; - FIGS. 4A-4C shows a block diagram of the rotating combined DAC unit and psychrometric change before / after rotation (or mode change) according to various embodiments;- FIG. 5 shows a method for control algorithm according to various embodiments.Detailed description

[0010] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration, specific details and embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure. Other embodiments may be utilized and structural, and logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. The various embodiments are not necessarily mutually exclusive, as some embodiments can be combined with one or more other embodiments to form new embodiments.

[0011] Features that are described in the context of an embodiment may correspondingly be applicable to the same or similar features in the other embodiments. Features that are described in the context of an embodiment may correspondingly be applicable to the other embodiments, even if not explicitly described in these other embodiments. Furthermore, additions and / or combinations and / or alternatives as described for a feature in the context of an embodiment may correspondingly be applicable to the same or similar feature in the other embodiments.

[0012] In the context of various embodiments, the articles “a”, “an” and “the” as used with regard to a feature or element include a reference to one or more of the features or elements.

[0013] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0014] As used herein, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, and so on, are used for purposes of clarity and do not imply order or precedence.

[0015] As used herein, the term “data” may be understood to include information in any suitable analog or digital form, for example, provided as a file, a portion of a file, a set of files, a signal or stream, a portion of a signal or stream, a set of signals or streams, and the like. The term data, however, is not limited to the aforementioned examples and may take various forms and represent any information as understood in the art.

[0016] As used herein, the term “processor” refers to a circuit, including analog circuits, digital circuits, or hybrid circuits, or their constituent components. Any other kind of implementation of the respective functions which will be described in more detail below may also be understood as a “circuit” in accordance with an alternative embodiment. A digital circuit may be understood as any kind of a logic implementing entity, which may be special purpose circuitry or a processor executing software stored in a memory, or a firmware.

[0017] As used herein, the term “facing” refers to an orientation or alignment of an element with another element. For example, an adsorption segment of a DAC unit or system may be facing an air handling unit such as to achieve the passage of air from the air handling unit through the DAC uni t / sy stem.

[0018] Various embodiments generally relate to a direct air capture (DAC) system. In particular, various embodiments generally relate to a DAC system employing the use of DAC technology to harness the advantage thereof so as to indirectly reduce carbon footprint of a ventilation system, such as an air management system. The indirect carbon footprint reduction may be achieved through energy savings, with a focus on saving latent cooling load of inlet air with the application of DAC.

[0019] According to various embodiments, the DAC system may synergistically combine with a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning (HVAC) system to form the air managementsystem. Accordingly, various embodiments may provide that the operation of DAC, e.g. the adsorption and the regeneration processes, occur continuously and synchronously in the air management system so as to ensure uninterrupted operation of the HVAC system for providing a comfortable indoor environment for occupants. According to various embodiments, the DAC system may capture moisture (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), via adsorption, from ambient air being drawn into (or supplied to) the HVAC system. The adsorption of the moisture may reduce the latent cooling load of the HVAC system. Further, the adsorption of the CO₂ may reduce an indoor CO₂ level, which may in turn increase the utilization of return air by the HVAC system resulting in a higher return air ratio. The higher return air ratio may reduce the amount of fresh ambient air being drawn and cooled by the HVAC. The reduction in latent cooling load and the reduction in the amount of fresh ambient air to be cooled may lead to energy savings which may contribute to indirect carbon footprint reduction. According to various embodiments, the DAC system may also be configured to regenerate and release the captured CO₂ back into the atmosphere in order to provide a continuous operation of DAC without expensing energy for CO₂ storage or utilization. Therefore, the various embodiments are capable of achieving indirect carbon footprint reduction through energy savings and provide a sustainable and resource-efficient approach to air treatment by adsorption of moisture and CO₂ and by regeneration thereof.

[0020] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a modular DAC unit and the combined DAC unit according to various embodiments.

[0021] Various embodiments concern a direct air capture (DAC) system for use with an air ventilation system, the DAC system comprising: a plurality of direct air capture modules (102) combined together to form a combined direct air capture unit, each of the direct air capture module rotatable about an axis; a controller to control each of the plurality of direct air capture modules in at least one of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorptionmode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode, wherein each of the direct air capture module comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller is configured to rotate each of the plurality of direct air capture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system at one or more operation modes. In various embodiments, the air flow path may be perpendicular to the face of the air ventilation system. The air ventilation system may comprise one or more or air handling unit (AHU) inlets. In various embodiments, the air ventilation system may comprise the direct air capture (DAC) system.

[0022] In various embodiments, each of the plurality of direct air capture modules is stacked vertically, especially along the axis, to form the combined direct air capture unit.

[0023] In various embodiments, the combined direct air capture unit is a cylindrical shaped unit, the cylindrical shaped unit comprising an upper section and a lower section.

[0024] In various embodiments, the combined direct air capture unit is rotatable about the axis at an angle of 45 degrees or 90 degrees, for different segments of the combined direct air capture unit to be facing an air handling unit.

[0025] In various embodiments, the direct air capture system further comprises a plurality of insulation layers, wherein each insulation layer is positioned, especially along the axis, between two direct air capture modules.

[0026] In various embodiments, the direct air capture system or controller further comprises a processor to determine which operating mode of different segments of the combined direct air capture unit based on DAC properties.

[0027] In various embodiments, the processor is configured to operate the direct air capture module based on classifying each different direct air capture module into a shorter operation layers and or longer operation layers, and determine the operational mode for each direct aircapture module. The processor may be integrated with the controller, or may be a separate processor arranged in data or signal communication with the controller.

[0028] In various embodiments, the direct air capture unit is arranged in an alternating arrangement, such that a first set of DAC modules is configured to operate in one operation mode, and a second set of DAC modules is configured to be operating in another operation mode different from the mode of air capture modules, and wherein in the alternating arrangement, each DAC module of the first set alternates with a DAC module of the second set.

[0029] In various embodiments, each direct air capture module of the plurality of direct air capture modules have a cooling coil for adsorption and a heating coil for desorption.

[0030] In various embodiments, the processor is configured to divide each different direct air capture module into shorter operation layers and longer operation layers and determine the operational mode for each direct air capture module.

[0031] In various embodiments, the combined direct air capture unit are used to cool down a data center.

[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates a plurality of DAC modules 102 and how they may be combined together to form a DAC unit 120. Each DAC module 102 may be adapted (e.g. equipped with screws, snap-fitting mechanisms, etc. such that the combination may be via stacking the plurality of modular DAC modules to be integrated into the DAC unit 120.

[0033] In some embodiments, thermal and / or electrically conducting coils, also referred to as heating and cooling coils, may be placed inside each of these modular DAC modules for cooling and desorption purpose.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of air capture module 102 includes direct air capture modules 102A, 102B and 102C. It may be appreciable that the entire system operateslike a mini variable refrigerant flow (mini-VRF) system, where each modular DAC unit has its own controls for heating and cooling.

[0035] Each direct air capture module 102A, 102B and 102C are able to take in ambient air and cool or heat the ambient air. This may be achieved by orientating one or more of the direct air capture modules to face an air handling unit (AHU) of the air ventilation system.

[0036] Each direct air capture module 102A, 102B and 102C may have its own controls for being heated or cooled. The heating is for sorbent desorption after the material is saturated with H2O and CO2 absorbed from ambient air. Cooling serves two purposes: first, it pre-cools the incoming air; second, at lower temperatures, the sorbent has higher H2O and CO2 adsorption capacities, which is desirable for longer or prolonged operation.

[0037] The DAC unit 120 may be stacked in the form of multiple layers. Each layer (modular unit) may have a material duct 104. The material duct 104 can be in the form of at least one of: beads, pellets, or film form. Ambient air can only pass through the modular DAC module through this duct 104 in each unit 102 oriented to face the AHU.

[0038] FIGS. 2A-2C shows a schematic diagram of an example of a configuration of the combined DAC unit 202 having an upper section 204 and a lower section 206according to various embodiments.

[0039] In various embodiments, the plurality of direct air capture modules are stacked vertically to form the combined DAC unit 202 with the upper section 204 and the lower section 206.

[0040] In various embodiments, the combined direct air capture unit is able to rotate 45 degrees for different sections and / or segments of the combined direct air capture unit to be facing the air handling unit, such that the sections and / or segments are orientated in an air flow path of the air ventilation system.

[0041] In some embodiments, ambient air may pass through the combined DAC unit and enters one or more AHU inlets. The heat source (steam or high-temperature air) passes perpendicularly through the combined DAC unit relative to the direction of the ambient air. The ambient air and heat source may pass through different DAC modules.

[0042] In FIG. 2A, the lower section 206 is in adsorption mode, while the entire upper section 204 is in desorption mode due to a continuous supply of the heat source. In FIG. 2B, the upper segment 204 is in cooling mode and the lower segment is in adsorption mode. After desorption mode finishes, the unit is cooled. In Figure 2(c), the whole unit rotates so that the upper section 206 is in adsorption mode and the lower section 204 is in regeneration mode. Each modular DAC unit can operate independently, allowing the exact configuration to change according to constraints and other needs.

[0043] In various embodiments, in the integration of modular DAC units and HVAC systems (AHUs), to ensure continuous operation and consistent fresh air delivery to indoor space, the modular DAC units operates in different modes at the same time (adsorption and desorption).

[0044] FIGS. 3A-3C shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of alternating (granular or segmented) arrangement of a combined DAC unit according to various embodiments.

[0045] In FIGS. 3A-3C, alternating modular DAC units are in adsorption mode, and the adjacent ones are in desorption and cooling mode, the adsorption mode and desorption and cooling mode operating at the same time.

[0046] In various embodiments, the DAC system 302 includes a plurality of insulation layers 306, wherein each insulation layer is between each layer of direct air capture modules 304 A and 304B.

[0047] As shown in FIGS. 3A-3C, the alternating arrangement comprising DAC modules 304A may be operating in one mode, and the arrangement comprising DAC modules 304Bmay be operating in another mode different from the mode of air capture modules 304 A, wherein each DAC module 304 A alternates with each DAC module 304Bused to cool down a data center. Each layer of direct air capture modules 304 A and 304B can be in different modes allowing the exact configuration to change according to constraints and other needs.

[0048] In various embodiments, in the integration of modular DAC units and HVAC systems (AHUs), to ensure continuous operation and consistent fresh air delivery to indoor space, the modular DAC units may operate in different modes at the same time (adsorption and desorption).

[0049] FIGS. 4A-4B show block diagrams of a combined circular DAC unit 402 in operation. The circular DAC unit 402 may be rotatable about an axis at the centre of the circular DAC unit 402. In operation the rotating combined DAC unit 402 and psychrometric change before / after rotation (or mode change) according to various embodiments are described as follows, wherein FIG. 4A illustrates the DAC unit 402 operating in a desorption mode, and FIG. 4B illustrates the DAC unit 402 operating in an cooling mode.

[0050] In the desorption process of FIG. 4A, heating source during desorption may be at a relatively higher temperature dry air (for example, >80°C). During desorption, the sorbents releases H2O and CO2 into the high temperature air by absorbing heat. Hence, point 2 has lower temperature but higher humidity than point 1.

[0051] In the Cooling process of FIG. 4B, cooling source during cooling mode may be relatively cold and dry air (<15°C). Since the moisture may not be fully released by the sorbent. The cooling air will also gain moisture from the sorbent. Hence, point 4 has higher temperature and humidity than point 3.

[0052] In various embodiments, heating and cooling coils in each DAC module 102 of the DAC unit 120 / 402 may be adjusted based on the current process. The coils will switch betweencooling, heating, or non-operating modes as needed. In various embodiments, waste heat from condenser or external HPs, etc. providing high temperature air via duct.

[0053] In FIG. 4C, a corresponding humidity ratio (vertical axis) to temperature (horizontal axis) graph is shown illustrating the humidity ratio and temperature at each of the different points 1, 2, 3 and 4. At point 1, there is a hot and dry heating source. At point 2, it is hot and humid after desorption. At point 3, there is a cold and dry cooling source. At point 4, it is warm and slightly humid.

[0054] FIG. 5 shows a control algorithm according to various embodiments. The control algorithm may be used for controlling each DAC module 102 (also referred to a layer) of the combined DAC unit 120 for different applications and / or different operating modes.

[0055] The control algorithm for minimizing desorption time can save desorption energy and is a way to maximize the adsorption time to lower the pressure drop. The algorithm starts with all the layers of the DAC unit 120 in adsorption mode at a lowest pressure drop and all the layers of the DAC unit 120 may be divided into shorter operation layers (SOLs) and longer operation layers (LOLs). Then if the relative humidity ratio (RH) values at the unit outlet increases, a warning of breakthrough may be given. After breakthrough, SOLs enter regeneration mode early due to a lower threshold value given for humidity. Then after the outlet sensor detects humidity decrease over 5%, then it will switch back to adsorption mode. Then, if LOLs already exceed the threshold value, it will enter the regeneration mode. Same criteria for LOLs, if humidity level decreases for more than 5% then it switch back to adsorption mode.

[0056] In an embodiment, the algorithm have the following key aspects namely: It adopts two different humidity thresholds for SOLs and LOLs, so that LOLs will operate for a longer time; It uses a reasonable standard for fast desorption (if outlet sensor detects 5% drop in humidity ratio) to ensure minimized desorption time. The algorithm as a whole maximizes the adsorption time ensuring consistent operation and low pressure drop.Energy saving potential What to control How to achieveDesorption energy consumptionMinimize desorption and cooling timealgorithms to decide optimum timing for the start of each modeEnergy consumption of To maximize the time that all the DACAHU fan units is in adsorption mode (all units(pressure drop of DAC) “the cornf),ne<1 DAC unrtfacing the AHU inlets)Table - 1 DAC system energy saving potentials and how to achieve

[0057] As illustrated in FIG. 5, in the algorithm 502, the layers are split into SOL 504 and LOL 506. In some embodiments, the layers denoted by A may be split such that the number of SOL 504 is less than A / 2, and the LOL is more than A / 2. It is appreciable all modules are operating at adsorption mode to absorb moisture and CO2 from the input air (ambient air or air from other sources).

[0058] In step 508, if the RH at the outlet increases, there will be a breakthrough warning 510.

[0059] In step 512, if RH is less than a defined threshold (first threshold) RHthres-i, then the SOL 504 layers will enter into a desorption mode (i.e. step 516). The LOL 506 layers may continue to remain in the adsoption mode.

[0060] In step 518, if the relative humidity ratio RHsol of the SOL 504 layers decreases, then the SOL will enter into adsorption mode (i.e. step 520). In some embodiments, the decrease of RHsol by more than a defined threshold, for example 5%, indicates that the desorption is complete.

[0061] In Step 522, if the relative humidity ratio RH is less than a second threshold RHthres-2, there LOL 506 layers will enter into a desorption mode (step 524).

[0062] In step 526, if RHsol decreases, the LOL 506 layers will enter into an adsorption mode (step 528).

[0063] It may be appreciable that climatic conditions and / or seasonality may result in changes to the one or more properties of the ambient air. The one or more properties of ambientair may include, but not limited to, temperature, dry -bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, vapor pressure, relative humidity, specific humidity, dew point temperature, enthalpy and / or mixing ratio. Depending on the climate and / or season, there will be variation in the one or more properties of ambient air throughout the year. In particular, fluctuation in a temperature and / or a humidity level of the ambient air may affect the performance of the DAC system. Therefore, it is desirable to monitor the different properties of the ambient air.

[0064] According to yet another aspect of the disclosure, there is a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions to execute the method. In some embodiments, there may comprise a non-transitory computer readable medium configured to store executable software instructions thereon, such that when executed, performs the method.

[0065] While the disclosure has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is thus indicated by the appended claims and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A direct air capture (DAC) system (100) for use with an air ventilation system, the DAC system (100) comprising:a plurality of direct air capture modules (102) combined together to form a combined direct air capture unit (120), each of the direct air capture module (102) rotatable about an axis;a controller to control each of the plurality of direct air capture modules (102) in at one or more of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode, wherein each direct air capture module (102) comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller is configured to rotate each of the plurality of direct air capture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system at the one or more operation modes.

2. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of direct air capture modules (102) are stacked vertically, especially along the axis to form the combined direct air capture unit (120).

3. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 2, wherein the combined direct air capture unit (202) is a cylindrical shaped unit, the cylindrical shaped unit comprising an upper section (204), the upper section (204) comprising a number of the direct air capture modules (102) and a lower section (206), the lower section (206) comprising a number of the remaining direct air capture modules (102).

4. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 3, wherein the combined direct air capture unit (120) is rotatable about the axis at an angle of 45 degrees or 90 degrees, for different segments of the combined direct air capture unit (120) to face an air handling unit.

5. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 1, further comprising:a plurality of insulation layers (306), wherein each insulation layer (306) is positioned between two direct air capture modules (304A, 304B).

6. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 1, further comprising:a processor to determine which operating mode of different segments of the combined direct air capture unit (120) based on DAC properties.

7. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to divide each different direct air capture module into shorter operation layers (504) and longer operation layers (506) and determine the operational mode for each direct air capture module (102).

8. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 1, wherein the combined direct air capture unit (120) is arranged in an alternating arrangement, such that a first set of DAC modules (304A) is configured to operate in one operation mode, and a second the arrangement comprising DAC modules (304B) is configured to be operating in anotheroperation mode different from the mode of air capture modules (304 A), and wherein the each DAC module (304A) alternates with each DAC module (304B).

9. The direct air capture system (100) of claim 1„ wherein each direct air capture modules (102) of the plurality of direct air capture modules (102) have a cooling coil for adsorption and a heating coil for desorption.

10. Air ventilation system comprising a direct air capture system (100) of one of the preceding claims.

11. A method of controlling a direct air capture system (100) for use with an air ventilation system comprising:combining a plurality of direct air capture modules (102) together to form a combined direct air capture unit (120), each of the direct air capture module rotatable about an axis;controlling, by a controller, each of the plurality of direct air capture modules in at least one of the following operation modes: an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, a regeneration mode, and / or a cooling mode;wherein each of the direct air capture modules comprises a plurality of segments, each segment associated with at least one of the operation modes, and wherein the controller controls each of the plurality of direct air capture modules by rotating each of the plurality of direct air capture modules to orientate one or more segments in an air flow path of the air ventilation system to operate the DAC system in the one or more operation modes.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:providing a plurality of insulation layers, wherein each insulation layer is arranged, especially stacked between each layer of direct air capture modules.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:using a processor to determine which operating mode of different segments of the combined direct air capture unit based on DAC properties.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: dividing each different direct air capture module (102) into shorter operation layers and longer operation layers and determining the operational mode for each direct air capture module (102) by means of the processor.

Images