Security element in a connection device such as a passport hinge

Abstract

A connection device (1) for connecting to a data device (2) and to a secure article (3) is connectable to the data device (2) and to the secure article (3) such, that the data device (2) is connectable to the secure article (3) via the connection device (1). The connection device (1) comprises at least one security element (4) that is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum (5) upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation (R). The security element (4) is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum (5) is representing at least one response code (6) that is comparable with at least one reference response code, and wherein a match between the response code (6) and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device (1).

Description

[0001] SECURITY ELEMENT IN A CONNECTION DEVICE SUCH AS A PASSPORT HINGE

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention relates to a connection device for connecting to a data device and to a secure article according to claim 1, to a method of producing a connection device according to claim 10, to a secure article comprising such a connection device according to claim 11, to a method of producing a secure article according to claim 13, to a method of verifying the authenticity according to claim 14, and to a computer implemented method for verifying the authenticity of a connection device according to claim 15.

[0004] PRIOR ART

[0005] Connection devices, such as hinges, play a crucial role in linking a data device, such as a data page, to a secure article, such as a passport. These connection devices are essential for the durability and security of both the data device and the entire secure article. However, secure articles are increasingly vulnerable to counterfeiting.

[0006] With the rise of sophisticated counterfeiting techniques, it is essential to protect not only the personal data stored within a secure article but also the integrity of the document itself. The connection device of a secure article presents a vulnerable point for tampering. To address this vulnerability, security elements printed onto the connection device such as visible light or ultraviolet (UV) fluorescent printings were proposed to prevent unauthorized alterations or the replacement of data pages.

[0007] However, such security elements are associated with disadvantages. In particular, security elements based on visible light or UV are well-known and hence easily copied or imitated by forgers.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art. In particular, it is an object to provide a connection device for connection to a data device and for connecting the data device to a secure article that provides an increased protection against forgery.

[0009] This object is achieved with a connection device according to claim 1. In particular, a connection device for connecting to a data device and to a secure article is provided, wherein the connection device is connectable to the data device and to the secure article such, that the data device is connectable to the secure article via the connection device. The connection device comprises at least one security element, wherein the security element is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation. The security element is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum is representing at least one response code that is comparable with at least one reference response code, and wherein a match between the response code and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device.

[0010] In other words, the connection device can be illuminated with electromagnetic radiation, and wherein the security element on the connection device responds by producing a characteristic response spectrum. This response spectrum represents a response code, which can be compared to a reference response code. If the response code matches the reference response code, it verifies the authenticity of the connection device. Conversely, if the security element fails to produce such as emit a matching response spectrum or response code, respectively, a mismatching comparison with the response code results, and the authenticity of the connection device cannot be confirmed.

[0011] For example, and as will be explained further below, the security element can be associated with one or more spectral properties and can comprise two or more security-element-parts that are arranged as a pattern on the connection device. Upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation suiting the one or more spectral properties, the security element exhibits a patterned response spectrum that can be detected, for instance imaged with a detection device. The response code that the pattern represents can be compared to a reference code in the form of a reference pattern, and they are deemed to be matching if one or more spectral properties of the response code and the reference response code arethe same and / or if the pattern and the reference pattern are the same. The latter could be performed, for instance, by an image recognition, see further below. In the opposite case, a mismatching is determined if, for instance, the security element is exhibiting a response spectrum having one or more spectral properties such as wavelengths that are different from those of the reference response spectrum, and / or if the pattern differs from the reference pattern.

[0012] Preferably, a spatial arrangement of the security element on the connection device determines a spatial appearance of the response spectrum. The response code is preferably associated with the spatial appearance and is comparable with a reference spatial appearance associated with the reference response code.

[0013] For instance, and as mentioned above and explained in greater detail below, the security element can comprise two or more security-element-parts that are arranged as a pattern on the connection device, and wherein said patterned arrangement defines a spatial arrangement and in turn determines a spatial appearance of the response code. Additionally or alternatively, the spatial appearance of the security element can be determined by the shape of the security element.

[0014] The response code is preferably associated with at least one spectral property of the security element. Particular preferably the spectral property is at least one of a wavelength of the response spectrum and / or an intensity of the response spectrum.

[0015] In this case, it is preferred that the reference response code is associated with at least one reference spectral property such as at least one wavelength of the reference response spectrum and / or an intensity of the reference response spectrum. In this case, the comparison between the response code and the reference response code preferably comprises a comparison of the at least one spectral property with the at least one reference spectral property.

[0016] The security element is preferably configured to absorb and / or emit electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet and / or visible and / or infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Additionally or alternatively the response code is preferably detectable by a detection device, preferably an imaging device such as a CCD camera.

[0017] That is, a wavelength of the response spectrum and consequently of the response codepreferably is in the ultraviolet and / or visible and / or infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

[0018] The ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic radiation is understood as electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the region of 10 nanometer to 400 nanometer.

[0019] The visible region of the electromagnetic radiation is understood as electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the region of 400 nanometer to 780 nanometer.

[0020] The infrared region of the electromagnetic radiation is understood as electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the region of 780 nanometer to 2500 nanometer.

[0021] The response spectrum preferably is an absorption spectrum or an emission spectrum or a transmission spectrum.

[0022] The response code is preferably associated with the spectral properties, such as wavelengths and / or intensities, of the security element. The response code particularly preferably is associated with the combination of the spectral properties and the spatial arrangement of the security element mentioned earlier.

[0023] The response spectrum preferably represents a specific interaction of the security element with incident electromagnetic radiation. For instance, this spectrum can be an absorption spectrum, where the security element absorbs specific wavelengths of the incident radiation, or an emission spectrum, where the security element emits radiation at specific wavelengths upon irradiation. The response spectrum is indicative of the unique spectral properties of the security element and is preferably used to verify the authenticity of the connection device.

[0024] The response code, in particular the response spectrum, is preferably detectable by a detection device. The detection device preferably is a spatially resolving detector such as an imaging device, for instance a CCD camera.

[0025] That is, the authentication process of the security element preferably involves an irradiation, detection and a recognition of the response code that preferably involves a light source emitting electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength or wavelength range. This light source preferably illuminates at least an area of the connection device where the securityelement is arranged. Upon illumination, the security element responds by exhibiting a response spectrum as described above. The response spectrum is preferably detected by a detection device such as an imaging device, e.g. a CCD camera. Before reaching the connection device and / or the detection device, the electromagnetic radiation for illuminating the security element and / or the response spectrum exhibited by the security element preferably pass through an optional optical filter.

[0026] Preferably, a suitable monochromatic light source is used for the illumination of the security element, such as a light emitting diode (LED). In the absence of a suitable monochromatic light source, a filter or another monochromator device for the illumination should preferably be used to ensure that only desired spectral properties of the electromagnetic radiation illuminate the security element. The same preferably applies to the response spectrum, where a filter or monochromator preferably can be employed to eliminate specific spectral properties such as wavelength ranges that might interfere with the detection of the response code. Moreover, the use of a filter can preferably be used to block ambient daylight or other unwanted wavelengths.

[0027] Examples of suitable filters can be but are not limited to low pass, high pass, or band pass filters.

[0028] Examples of suitable monochromators could be but are not limited to optical prisms or diffractive grating-based monochromators.

[0029] The detection device is preferably configured to convert the detected response spectrum into electrical signals. These signals are then preferably processed by a recognition software being configured to compare the response spectrum representing the response code against the reference code that is for instance provided in a database to verify the authenticity of the connection device. The recognition software is preferably configured to perform a detailed analysis to ensure that the captured response code corresponds to the expected spectral response of the authentic reference security element, thereby validating the authenticity of the connection device. The recognition software is preferably configured to evaluate various parameters, including spectral peaks and / or intensity distributions and / or the spatial appearance of the response code and / or the spatial arrangement of the security element to ensure a precise match. If the captured response code matches the reference response code, the response code is validated as authentic; otherwise, it is determined as not authentic, hence, counterfeit.The different components, such as the light source, the detection device, and recognition software, can be integrated into a single device. Alternatively, some of those components may be combined into one device, while others remain separate, or all the components are provided separate. For instance, the recognition software can be implemented in a recognition device such as a computer of an authority such as customs duty.

[0030] The reference response code used in the process of authenticating the connection device is preferably derived from an authentic reference security element. This reference response code of the authentic reference security element is preferably detected by the detection device and stored in a database for reference. The database may contain reference information on the spectral response and / or the spatial arrangement of the security element.

[0031] The security element is preferably machine-readable, and / or has the shape of an image and / or the shape of alphanumeric characters.

[0032] The security element preferably has the shape of an image and / or the shape of one or more alphanumeric characters. The shape of the security element preferably is machine-readable. For instance, the security element can be an image and wherein the detection device is configured to detect the shape of the image via a spatially resolved detection of its response spectrum, the recognition software then preferably performs image recognition to verify the authenticity of the image by comparing the image to a reference image stored in the database.

[0033] The security element is preferably invisible to the bare human eye in the absence of an illumination with electromagnetic radiation. Additionally or alternatively, the security element can be visible or invisible to the bare human eye upon an illumination with electromagnetic radiation. That is, the security element can be invisible to the bare human eye upon illumination for instance by emitting a response spectrum in the non-visible such as UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum. However, the security element can likewise be visible to the bare human eye upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation, for example if it comprises pigments that fluoresce in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum after absorbing infrared radiation.

[0034] The security element preferably comprises two or more security-element-parts that are arranged spatially separated from one another according to a pattern. The pattern ispreferably a regular or irregular pattern. Additionally or alternatively the response code is associated with the pattern.

[0035] The arrangement of several security-element-parts at a spatial distance to each other can furthermore participate in the response code. The regularity or irregularity of the pattern preferably provides additional flexibility in the design of the response code. The security-element-parts can have either the same or different spectral properties. For instance, each security-element-part can exhibit unique absorption or emission characteristics. The detection device preferably detects the response spectra of the security-element-parts spatially resolved. Alternatively, the detection device preferably detects the response spectra spatially unresolved. In the spatially unresolved case, the image taken by the detection device is analysed by a software that recognizes the response code, i.e., the pattern and compares it to a reference pattern.

[0036] Advantageously, the security element is physically configured to exhibit a response spectrum comprising one or more predetermined spectral peaks at defined wavelengths and with defined relative intensity ratios, wherein said spectral peaks and intensity distributions are intrinsic material properties of the security element and are established during manufacture by selection and treatment of pigments, dyes, dopants and / or laser-modified regions. The security element is thereby characterized in that its response spectrum is not merely indicative of the presence of a security feature, but is spectrally structured, such that both the absolute spectral peak positions and the relative intensity distribution between multiple peaks together constitute part of the response code. In particular, the security element is advantageously configured such that deviation of at least one peak wavelength beyond a predefined tolerance and / or deviation of at least one relative peak intensity beyond a predefined ratio results in a non-matching response code, even if the spatial appearance of the security element remains unchanged. This defined spectral peak structure and intensity distribution are inseparably linked to the material composition and internal modification state of the security element and cannot be reproduced by conventional visible or ultraviolet markings that lack controlled spectral peak formation.

[0037] Preferably the pattern is repeating on the connection device. A length of the pattern is preferably designed so that the connection device has at least one complete pattern. The complete pattern can also be repeating on the connection device. The repeating pattern preferably forms an additional pattern that is provided in addition to the pattern mentioned earlier in order to provide redundancy and to ensure information integrity and errorcorrection. The redundancy ensures that the response code can be retrieved completely and accurately. That is, if part of the pattern is damaged or obscured, the repeating pattern allows for the complete and accurate retrieval of the response code. The repeating patterns enhance the reliability in various practical applications where wear and tear, scanning errors, or partial obstructions might occur.

[0038] The connection device is preferably a textile and / or comprises a mesh-like structure and / or comprises threads. Additionally or alternatively the connection device preferably comprises or consists of at least one polymer, preferably a plastic, particularly preferably a transparent plastic.

[0039] That is, the connection device can be a textile including, for instance, fibers, yarns or fabrics. Additionally or alternatively, the connection device can comprise a mesh-like structure preferably comprising threads. A mesh-like structure refers to a network of interconnected threads that form a grid or web-like pattern. The mesh-like structure preferably comprises apertures between the grid-forming threads. In other words, the mesh-like structure can have threads such as weft threads and warp threads, and wherein the apertures are provided between said weft threads and said warp threads. Preferably, the threads are arranged horizontally and vertically, creating rectangular apertures in between. However, other arrangements of the threads and the apertures in the mesh-like structure are likewise conceivable and may include square, hexagonal or other geometric shapes. The size and shape of the apertures can vary.

[0040] The connection device, in particular the textile and / or the mesh-like structure can preferably be composed of various materials, preferably of at least one polymer, in particular a plastic such as a transparent plastic, e.g. PET.

[0041] The security element is preferably an integral component of the connection device or a separate component of the connection device.

[0042] Being an integral component means that the security element forms part of the connection device, i.e. at least partially constitutes the connection device. Being a separate component means that the security element is arranged, attached or otherwise connected or applied to the connection device such as printed onto or woven into the connection device, see further below.

[0043] The security element is preferably provided as at least one of the threads of the connection element and / or is preferably woven into the textile or the mesh-like structure of theconnection element. Additionally or alternatively one or more threads are preferably arranged in the form of a pattern, image and / or alphanumeric character.

[0044] The security element can be at least one thread being integrated into the mesh-like structure of the connection device, i.e. being an integral part of the connection device and / or participating in the formation of the connection device. In other words, the security element can be at least one thread, woven into the mesh-like structure of the connection device. However, it is likewise conceivable that the at least one thread is woven into an existing mesh-like structure of the connection device. The thread can be woven in a single direction for instance along a longitudinal direction of the connection device and / or along a transverse direction of the connection device running perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction to create a pattern, although other directions such as a curved direction are likewise conceivable. For instance, this directional arrangement can form a series of parallel lines with variations in spacing, width, and lengths of the threads, forming a distinctive pattern resembling a barcode. This distinctive pattern represents the response code. Each line can be seen as a security-element-part mentioned earlier. It should be noted that such a pattern can likewise be provided with two or more threads. Each thread can be seen as a security-element-part mentioned earlier.

[0045] Advantageously, two or more security-element-parts have different spectral property. Preferably, each of the security-element-parts have different spectral property. More preferably, the security-element-parts are threads of the connection element. Two or more threads of the connection element, corresponding to the security-element-parts, may advantageously have different spectral property.

[0046] In addition, the distinctive pattern may be further designed to represent encoded information. This response code is decodable with a decoding software or other decoding devices that are configured to interpret the distinctive pattern by associating the pattern to alphanumerical characters based on a predefined encoding scheme. In other words, the pattern creates a machine-readable barcode-like response code. The decoding software preferably performs pattern recognition between the detected response code and the reference response code stored in the database to verify their match and thus determine the authenticity of the connection device. For example, the pattern could be based on alphanumeric barcode algorithms, passwords, or even encoded information such as country codes (e.g., Finland or Ethiopia), or specific print / thread patterns. Other types of codes, such as 2D codes or QR codes, are also possible depending for instance on the weavingtechnique used.

[0047] Preferably, the encoding scheme is based on a binary system. The binary digits, so called bits, collectively form the encoded information. To this end it is conceivable that a contrast difference in wavelength between the connection device such as the textile or the meshlike structure of the connection device and the security element such as the thread preferably creates a binary distinction. In this binary system, the presence of the security element such as the thread preferably corresponds to a "1", while the absence of the security element such as the thread preferably corresponds to a "0". That is, figurately speaking, the connection device in the absence of the security element preferably defines a background and the security element preferably stands out from said background. In addition to this basic binary encoding, other variations can be implemented. For example, using thicker or thinner threads, or adjusting the spacing between threads. Preferably the same effect of a thicker thread can be achieved by grouping multiple thinner threads together.

[0048] The structurally integrated security element such as threads in the connection device can enhance the security of the connection device. That is, it is more difficult to replicate or counterfeit the connection device, as the precise arrangement of the threads within the connection device is challenging to duplicate. Furthermore, the integrated pattern increases the durability of the encoded information, ensuring it remains intact even under wear and tear.

[0049] The security element is preferably provided as a print being printed on a surface of the connection device. Additionally or alternatively the security element comprises at least one pigment and / or dye. Additionally or alternatively the security element is provided as laser marking.

[0050] The security element may be printed on the connection device. For example, the security element in the shape of an image and / or of an alphanumeric character may be printed on the connection device. Single lines or a pattern of for instance parallel lines preferably with variations in spacing, width, and lengths as described above may be printed on the connection device. These lines can be seen as the security-element-parts mentioned earlier. The printed security element is preferably detectable by the detection device so that the response code can be compared with the reference response code to authenticate the connection device.Furthermore, the print may be printed by various printing techniques, such as but not limited to inkjet printing, laser printing, offset printing, flexo printing, gravure printing, silkscreen printing, or thermal transfer printing. The pattern, image, and / or alphanumeric character can be designed to include intricate details, micro-text, or holographic elements to further enhance the security features of the connection device.

[0051] Additionally or alternatively, the print may utilize security inks that are sensitive to UV light, temperature changes, or other factors to provide an additional layer of verification and counterfeit prevention.

[0052] Additionally or alternatively, the security element can also be one or more laser markings provided on and / or in the connection device. For example, the laser marking can be generated by irradiating laser radiation onto and / or into the connection device being made of a laser-reactive material, such as a polymer. In this case, it is preferred that the wavelength of the laser source matches the properties of the laser-reactive material such as a laser marking additive included in the polymer. The polymer, infused with a laser marking additive (so called "dopant"), preferably undergoes an irreversible change in properties, typically a colour shift, such as blackening or bleaching. Preferably the colour shift occurs outside of the visible spectrum. In other words, the laser marking is preferably not visible under normal lighting I illumination but becomes detectable under specific lighting conditions, such as ultraviolet light or infrared light, which may induce fluorescence or antiStokes fluorescence.

[0053] The one or more laser markings are preferably spatially arranged so as to represent at least one of an image, alphanumeric character or a pattern and / or are preferably associated with one or more spectral properties upon an illumination with the electromagnetic radiation as mentioned earlier. The precision of the laser markings allows for the creation of intricate and detailed patterns that can be easily recognized and verified by the detection device.

[0054] Additionally or alternatively, the security element preferably comprises at least one pigment and / or dye. The pigment and / or dye can be chosen from a range of materials, including but not limited to organic dyes, inorganic pigments, metallic pigments, fluorescent dyes, phosphorescent dyes, thermochromic pigments, and photochromic dyes. These materials may be integrated into the mesh-like structure of the connection device for instance by colouring one or more threads of the mesh-like structure or applied as a coating or print onthe surface of the connection device. The specific choice of pigment and / or dye can enhance the security features by incorporating properties such as color-shifting, UV sensitivity, or infrared visibility. This allows for multi-faceted authentication methods, such as visual inspection under different lighting conditions or machine-based verification using the detection device.

[0055] Furthermore, the spectral properties of these pigments and / or dyes can be modified by laser radiation. The laser radiation modified pigments or dyes allow for precise customization of the security element. This modification process can induce photochemical, photophysical, thermal, or photoisomerization changes, thereby altering the absorption or emission spectra of the security element.

[0056] The laser radiation modified pigments or dyes can be present on the connection device in at least a pointwise spatial distribution on the security element. Furthermore, the laser radiation modified pigments or dyes can serve as a taggant and / or as a forensic level security feature. Hence, the modified pigments or dyes provide an additional layer of protection against counterfeiting and act as an additional security feature for verifying the authenticity of the connection device.

[0057] The connection device can comprise two or more security elements of the same type, for instance prints, or of a different type, for instance one being a print and the other being woven threads. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more security elements can comprise two or more security-element-parts, which can be of different types, such as printed, pigmented, or woven elements. These security-element-parts can be arranged to form images, alphanumeric characters or patterns on the connection device. For example, a security-element-part can be printed on the surface of the connection device, while additional security-element-parts, such as woven threads or pigmented areas, can be added to the connection device so as to complement or complete a pattern. In other words, the security element is not restricted to one method of production; it may involve a combination of printed elements, woven threads, and pigments, arranged in a manner that creates a layered or integrated design.

[0058] In another aspect a method of producing a connection device for connecting to a data device and to a secure article is provided. The connection device is connectable to the data device and to the secure article such, that the data device is connectable to the secure article via the connection device is provided. The method comprising the step of i) providing at leastone connection device, and ii) providing at least one security element on the connection device that is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation. The security element is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum is representing at least one response code that is comparable with at least one reference response code. Additionally a match between the response code and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device.

[0059] The connection device preferably is the connection device as described above. Hence, any explanations made herein regarding the connection device per se preferably likewise apply to the method of producing the connection device and vice versa.

[0060] In another aspect a secure article, preferably a multi-page article such as a passport, a bank book, a cheque book, a ticket book or an identification booklet is provided. The secure article comprises i) at least one connection device as described above, and ii) at least one data device, wherein the data device is preferably a data page. Additionally the connection device is in connection with the data device.

[0061] The connection device is particularly preferably a hinge.

[0062] The secure article preferably is a multi-page article such as a passport, a bank book, a cheque book, a ticket book or an identification booklet. The secure article preferably further comprises a front cover and a reverse cover being connected to the data device such as the data page via the connection device.

[0063] The connection device is preferably an integral part of the data device and / or is connected to the data device by lamination.

[0064] Manufacturing methods other than lamination are likewise conceivable.

[0065] The data device preferably comprises or consists of one or more polymers and / or plastics, preferably one or more thermoplastics and / or amorphous polymers, particularly preferably polycarbonate and / or polycarbonate blends and / or polycarbonate co-extrudates. Additionally or alternatively the data device preferably comprises one or more layers that are arranged above one another with respect to an extension direction of the data device and / or is configured rigidly.The connection device is preferably arranged so as to extend at least partially or entirely along a longitudinal direction and / or a transverse direction of the data device running perpendicularly to the extension direction of the data device.

[0066] The connection device extending entirely along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the data device preferably forms a separate layer of the data device.

[0067] The connection device is particularly preferably laminated to one or more of these layers of the data device.

[0068] The data device, in particular one or more of its layers, preferably comprises at least one transparent or translucent area. The connection device is preferably connected to the data device such that the at least one security element is arranged at least partially on and / or in the transparent or translucent area. The response code of the at least one security element is preferably detectable from an outside and / or along the extension direction of the data device.

[0069] In other words, the data device preferably comprises at least one transparent window. The connection device preferably extends at least partially into the data device along the longitudinal direction and / or the transverse direction of the data device, such that the security element of the connection device is at least partially arranged in the window and preferably is observable by an observer from an outside and / or along a line of sight perpendicular to the extension direction. The connection device being positioned on or within the transparent window makes it easily accessible for authentication. In particular, an authentication through the transparent window may be done by naked eye or by equipment.

[0070] However, it is likewise conceivable that the data device does not comprise a transparent window and / or that the connection device is not positioned within a transparent window. That is, other means for detecting the response code without the need of a transparent or translucent area are conceivable. For example, the use of a detection device in the form of a commercial hyper spectral camera which can read out the response spectrum or response code, respectively, such as the emission spectrum, from the security element within an opaque data carrier.

[0071] In another aspect a method of producing a secure article is provided. The method comprises the steps of i) providing at least one connection device as described above, and ii) providingat least one data device. The connection device is connected to the data device.

[0072] The secure article preferably is the secure article as described above. Hence, any explanations made herein regarding the secure article per se preferably likewise apply to the method of producing the secure article and vice versa.

[0073] In a further aspect a method of verifying the authenticity of a connection device is provided, wherein the method comprises the steps of i) illuminating the security element with electromagnetic radiation, and ii) detecting the response spectrum exhibited by the security element in response to the illumination with the electromagnetic radiation, and iii) comparing the response spectrum representing the response code with the reference response code, wherein a match between the response code and the reference response code is indicative of the authenticity of the connection device.

[0074] In a further aspect a computer-implemented method for verifying the authenticity of a connection device is provided, wherein the method comprises the steps of i) receiving input data associated with the response spectrum representing the response code, and ii) comparing the input data with reference data associated with the reference response code preferably stored in a database, wherein a match between the input data and the reference data is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device, and iii) outputting a result of the comparison.

[0075] The reference spectrum, associated with the reference response code, can be stored in a database or in the secure article, for instance in a chip of the secure article or visually printed on the data device, or positioned elsewhere on or within the secure article.

[0076] Further embodiments of the invention are laid down in the dependent claims.

[0077] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following with reference to the drawings, which are for the purpose of illustrating the present preferred embodiments of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same. In the drawings,

[0079] Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a secure article, comprising the data device and connection device according to the invention;

[0080] Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a data device, comprising the connection deviceand security elements according to the invention;

[0081] Fig. 3 shows a schematic of a method of verifying the authenticity of a connection device according to the invention;

[0082] Fig. 4 shows another schematic of a method of verifying the authenticity of a connection device according to the invention;

[0083] Fig. 5 shows another schematic of a method of verifying authenticity of a connection device according to the invention.

[0084] DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0085] Aspects of the invention shall now be described with reference to the figures. In particular, figure 1 depicts a schematic sectional view of a secure article 3 in the form of a passport that extends along a transverse direction T and an extension direction E perpendicular to the transverse direction T. The secure article 3 comprises a front cover 15 and a reverse cover 16 as well as a data device 2 in the form of a data page being connected to a connection device 1 in the form of a hinge. The connection device 1 of all figures corresponds to a flexible and bendable hinge in the form of a fabric. The fabric in turn is composed of woven threads being made of polyester. The woven threads form a mesh-like structure 11 , creating a network of interconnected threads that make up a grid or web-like pattern. The threads are woven horizontally and vertically. The connection device 1 comprises at least one security element 4a,b,c,d that is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum 5 upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation R. The security element 4a,b,c,d is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum 5 is representing at least one response code 6 that is comparable with at least one reference response code, and wherein a match between the response code 6 and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device 1. The connection device 1 is explained in more detail in figures 2-5 and a method of verifying the authenticity of the connection device 1 is discussed in more detail in relation to figures 3 to 5 below.

[0086] In the shown embodiment according to figure 1, the connection device 1 is fastened to the secure article 3 using stitching 19. In addition, the connection device 1 is partially laminated to the data device 2. The connection device 1 is laminated to the data device 2 in such a way that a laminated section 26 of the connection device 1 extends into the data device 2 by a laminated section length 27 in the transverse direction T of the secure article 3. The secure article 3 further comprises at least one visa page 25 that is also connected to the secure article 3 using the stitching 19. The schematic sectional view of figure 1 shows thatthe front cover 15 and the reverse cover 16 of the secure article 3 enclose the data device 2, the connection device 1, and the at least one visa page 25, with these components arranged in the extension direction E between the two covers 25, 16.

[0087] Figure 2 shows the data device 2 and the connection device 1 being connect to the data device 2. The data device 2 is divided into two sections: a first section 13 featuring machine readable characters 28 and a second section 18 containing laser engraved biographic data 20. In the shown embodiment, the connection device 1 is connected to the second section 18 of the data device 2. The connection device 1 extends along an entire length of the data device 2 in a longitudinal direction L of the data device 2. The laminated section 26 of the connection device 1 extends by at least half the width of the connection device 1 into the data device 2 along the transverse direction T of the data device 2. This width corresponds to the laminated section length 27. A transparent or translucent area 14 is arranged on top of the laminated section 26 with respect to the extension direction E. The security element 4a,b,c,d is arranged such that the security element 4a,b,c,d is at least partially on and / or in the transparent or translucent area 14 with respect to the extension direction E.

[0088] The connection device 1 shown in figure 2 comprises different security elements 4 according to the invention, which are designated for a better understanding as security elements 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d. The security element is either an integral component of the connection device 1 or a separate component of the connection device 1. For example, the security elements 4a and 4d differ from the security elements 4b and 4c in that they are related to the threads of the mesh-like structure 11 of the connection device 1 , such as being woven directly into the fabric or embedded within the thread structure. The security elements 4b and 4c are applied to the surface 24 of the connection device 1 through printing. Therefore, the security elements 4a and 4d are examples of the security element 4 being an integral part of the connection device 1 and the security elements 4b and 4c are examples of the security element 4 being a separate part of the connection device 1. In both cases, the response code 6 of the security element 4 is detectable from an outside and / or along the extension direction E of the data device 2.

[0089] The security element 4a is a thread 12 that is woven into the textile or the mesh-like structure 11 of the connection device 1 along the transverse direction T. The connection device 1 exhibits multiple such security elements 4a which constitute security-element-parts 8a, 8b, 8c, ... that are woven into the mesh-like structure 11, spatially separated from one another according to a pattern 9. The spatial arrangement 7 of the security-element-parts8a, 8b, ... determines a spatial appearance of the response spectrum 5 and the response code 6 is associated with the spatial appearance. The security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ... exhibit a distinct spectral response, indicated by the contrasting colours black and white in figure 2. According to this embodiment, the response code 6 is associated with the combination of the spatial appearance, i.e., the pattern 9, and the distinct spectral property of each security-element-part 8a, 8b, .... For instance, the spectral property of the security-element-part 8a, 8b can be a wavelength of the response spectrum, or an intensity of the response spectrum. The irregular pattern 9, resembles a barcode and is repeated on the connection device 1.

[0090] According to figure 2, the security element 4b has the shape of alphanumeric characters "12345678". Said shapes of the security element 4b, i.e. the alphanumeric characters are associated with the spatial appearance of the security element 4b. The security element 4b is repeated on the connection device 1, appearing twice in total. In the shown embodiment the repeated security element 4b is positioned directly underneath the first security element 4b along the transverse direction T. The arrangement can also be shifted along the longitudinal L and / or transverse direction T on the connection device 1 , and the repeated security element 4b can exhibit a different spectral property than the first security element 4b, as is the case for security element 4c.

[0091] The security element 4c has the shape of an image. Specifically, the security element 4c is star-shaped and is repeated a total of three times. Unlike the two shown security elements 4b, the three repeated security elements 4c are arranged with a slight offset relative to each other and relative to the transverse direction T and longitudinal direction L. Additionally, two of the three security elements 4c display the same spectral property (in this case indicated in white), while the third security element 4c differs by exhibiting a different spectral property (indicated in black) compared to the other two security elements 4c.

[0092] The security element labelled as security element 4d is a close-up view of the threads in the mesh-like structure 11. The security element 4d is an example of a pigment and / or dye integrated into the threads of the mesh-like structure 11 , producing a response spectrum 5 in the visible by colouring one or more threads. In an alternative embodiment that is not shown in the figures, the security element 4d comprises laser modified pigments and / or dyes. The laser modification alters an absorption or an emission spectra of the security element 4d. The laser modified pigments or dyes can be distributed both, in a localized, pointwise pattern or in a broader distribution, such as a line or shape across the securityelement 4d on the connection device 1.

[0093] Figure 3 shows an isolated connection device 1 comprising security elements 4a,b,c and a schematic of a method of verifying the authenticity of the connection device 1. On the right hand-side of the connection device 1 the same security elements 4b, 4c are shown that have been previously explained in figure 2. On the left-hand side of the connection device 1 , a spatial arrangement 7 of multiple security-element-parts 8a, forming an irregular pattern 9 is shown. The security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ... are of the same type of thread 12 with the same spectral property (indicated in black). The spatial arrangement 7 of these security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ... determines the spatial appearance of the response spectrum 5 and the response code 6 is associated with the spatial appearance as well as with the spectral property of the security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ....

[0094] The method of verifying the authenticity of the connection device 1 is schematically drawn below the connection device 1. The schematic specifically demonstrates how the security element 4 in the form of a barcode-like pattern 9 is machine-read for authentication purposes. The light source 21 emits electromagnetic radiation R at a specific wavelength or wavelength range, which illuminates the security element 4, i.e. here 4a, in the form of the pattern 9 on the connection device 1. The security element 4 is configured to absorb and / or emit electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet and / or visible and / or infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Before reaching the connection device 1, the electromagnetic radiation R passes through a first optical filter 22. The first optical filter 22 is employed to eliminate specific spectral properties, such as wavelength ranges that may interfere with the detection of the response code 6. For example, the first optical filter 22 blocks ambient daylight or other unwanted wavelengths. Upon illumination, the security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ... constituting the pattern 9 produce a response spectrum 5. This response spectrum 5 is then detected by a detection device 10, such as a CCD camera. Prior to detection, the electromagnetic radiation R associated with the response code 6 passes through a second optical filter 29. The second optical filter 29 serves the same purpose as the first optical filter 22. The first optical filter 22 and the second optical filter 29 can either be of the same type of filter with the same filtering properties or of different types of filters with different filtering properties. The electrical signals produced by the detection device 10 upon detection of the response code 6 are processed by software configured to compare the detected response code 6 representing the response spectrum 5 against a reference code that is stored in a database 17. If the captured response code 6 matches the reference response code, it is verified 23 as authentic. Conversely, if a mismatching comparison with the response code6 and the reference response code results, the authenticity of the connection device cannot be confirmed.

[0095] In the following the matching process 23 is explained in more detail. As previously mentioned, the security element 4 can be associated with one or more spectral properties and can comprise two or more security-element-parts 8a, 8b, ... that are arranged in a pattern 9 on the connection device 1. When illuminated with electromagnetic radiation R, the security element 4 exhibits a patterned response spectrum 5 that can be detected, such as through imaging with a detection device 10. The resulting response code 6 representing the pattern 9 is compared to a reference code in the form of a reference pattern, and they are deemed to be matching if the pattern 9 and the reference pattern, in particularthe spatial appearance defined by the pattern 9 and the reference spatial appearance defined by the reference pattern, are the same, and possibly additionally also if one or more spectral properties of the response code 6 and the reference response code are the same. However, if, for instance, the security element is exhibiting a pattern 9 that differs from the reference pattern, a mismatch is determined.

[0096] Figure 4 illustrates the previously described authentication method in a possible setup, where the front cover 15 and the reverse cover 16 of the secure article 3 are opened and extend along a common axis A. The secure article 3 is opened such that the data device 2 lies on one side, the at least one visa page 25 on the opposite side of the data device 2, with the connection device 1 positioned between the data device 2 and the at least one visa page 25. Additionally, the data device 2, the at least one visa page 25 and the connection device 1 faces in the opposite direction of the axis A.

[0097] In this described configuration, the secure article 3 exposes the connection device 1 , linking the data device 2 on one side with the at least one visa page 25 on the opposite side, such that the connection device 1 and the laminated section 26 face the light source 21 along an incidence direction 11. The incidence direction 11 refers to the direction of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation R on the connection device 1. The first optical filter 22 is arranged between the light source 21 and the connection device 1 along the incidence direction 11, such that the electromagnetic radiation R passes through the first optical filter 22 and then incidents on the connection device 1.

[0098] The resulting response spectrum 5 represents a specific interaction of the security element 4a,b,c,d with the incident electromagnetic radiation R. For instance, the response spectrum5 can be an absorption spectrum, where the security element 4a,b,c,d absorbs specific wavelengths of the incident electromagnetic radiation R along the incidence direction 11, or an emission spectrum, where the security element 4a,b,c,d emits electromagnetic radiation at specific wavelengths in the form of a response spectrum 5 upon irradiation along the incident direction 11.

[0099] The resulting response spectrum 5, associated with the response code 6, passes through the second optical filter 29 along a radiation exit direction I2 and is then detected by the detection device 10.

[0100] Afterthe detection of the response code 6 by the detection device 10, the detected response code 6 is converted into electrical signals 30. These signals 30 are then processed by a recognition software being configured to compare the response spectrum 5 representing the response code 6 against the reference code that is for instance provided in a database 17 to verify 23 the authenticity of the connection device 1. The recognition software is configured to perform a detailed analysis to ensure that the captured response code 6 corresponds to the expected spectral response of the authentic reference security element, thereby verifying 23 the authenticity of the connection device 1. The recognition software is configured to evaluate various parameters, including spectral peaks and / or intensity distributions and / or the spatial appearance of the response code 6 and / or the spatial arrangement 7 of the security element 4 to ensure a precise match. If the captured response code 6 matches the reference response code, the response code 6 is verified 23 as authentic; otherwise, it is deemed to be not authentic, hence, counterfeit.

[0101] Figure 5 illustrates an alternative setup for the previously described authentication method. While the authentication method remains the same as described above, the configuration of the setup differs as follows. In the shown configuration, the light source 21 , the first optical filter 22, the second optical filter 29, and the detection device 10 are all aligned along the incidence direction 11. To achieve this alignment, the data device 2 is arranged perpendicularly to both the front cover 15 of the secure article 3 and to the incidence direction 11, respectively. The connection device 1, which is flexible due to its mesh-like structure 11 made from pliable material, is bent accordingly to accommodate this setup. The laminated section 26 is arranged perpendicular to the incidence direction 11.

[0102] This configuration ensures that the covers 15 and 16 of the secure article 3 do not obstruct a transmission imaging of the connection device 1. The configuration allows anunobstructed path for the resulting response spectrum 5, which is associated with the response code 6, toward the detection device 10 along the radiation exit direction I2. The direction of the incidence direction 11 and the direction of the radiation exit direction I2 coincide. The exhibited response spectrum 5, i.e., the response code 6, passes through the second optical filter 29 and is then detected by the detection device 10. The authentication method follows the steps as previously described.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment that is not shown in the figures, the reference spectrum 5, associated with the reference response code 6, that is used for the authentication method can be stored in and / or on the secure article 3. For instance, the reference code can be stored in a chip of the secure article 3 or visually printed on the data device 2, or positioned elsewhere on or within the secure article 3.LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0104] connection device 22 first optical filter data device 23 verification

[0105] secure article 24 surface

[0106] , 4a, ... security element 25 visa page

[0107] response spectrum 26 laminated section response code 27 laminated section length spatial arrangement 28 characters

[0108] a, 8b, ... security-element-part 29 second optical filter pattern 30 electrical signals 0 detection device

[0109] 1 mesh-like structure A axis

[0110] 2 thread E extension direction 3 first section 14 translucent 11 incidence direction area I2 radiation exit direction 5 front cover L longitudinal direction 6 reverse cover T transverse direction 7 database R electromagnetic radiation 8 second section

[0111] 9 stitching

[0112] 0 biographic data

[0113] 1 light source

Claims

24CLAIMS1. A connection device (1) for connecting to a data device (2) and to a secure article (3),wherein the connection device (1) is connectable to the data device (2) and to the secure article (3) such, that the data device (2) is connectable to the secure article (3) via the connection device (1),wherein the connection device (1) comprises at least one security element (4), wherein the security element (4) is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum (5) upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation (R),characterized in that the security element (4) is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum (5) is representing at least one response code (6) that is comparable with at least one reference response code, andwherein a match between the response code (6) and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device (1).

2. The connection device (1) according to claim 1, wherein a spatial arrangement (7) of the security element (4) on the connection device (1) determines a spatial appearance of the response spectrum (5), wherein the response code (6) is associated with the spatial appearance and is comparable with a reference spatial appearance associated with the reference response code.

3. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the response code (6) is associated with at least one spectral property of the security element (4), and wherein the spectral property is at least one of:i) a wavelength of the response spectrum (5), orii) an intensity of the response spectrum (5).

4. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security element (4) is configured to absorb and / or emit electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet and / or visible and / or infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and / orwherein the response code is detectable by a detection device (10), preferably an imaging device such as a CCD camera.

5. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security element (4) is at least one of:machine-readable,has the shape of an image and / or the shape of alphanumeric characters, invisible to the bare human eye in the absence of an illumination with electromagnetic radiation, orvisible or invisible to the bare human eye upon an illumination with electromagnetic radiation (R).

6. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security element (4) comprises two or more security-element-parts (8a; 8b) that are arranged spatially separated from one another according to a pattern (9), and wherein the pattern (9) is a regular or irregular pattern, and / or wherein the response code (6) is associated with the pattern (9), and / or wherein the pattern (9) is repeating on the connection device (1).

7. The connection device (1) according to claim 6, wherein the two or more security-element-parts (8a; 8b) have different spectral property.

8. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of:- the connection device (1) is a textile and / or comprises a mesh-like structure (11) and / or comprises threads (12),- the connection device (1) comprises or consists of at least one polymer, in particular a plastic, particularly preferably a transparent plastic, or- the security element (4) is an integral component of the connection device (1) or a separate component of the connection device (1).

9. The connection device (1) according to claim 7, wherein the security element (4) is provided as at least one of the threads (12) of the connection element (1) and / or is woven into the textile or the mesh-like structure (11) of the connection element (1), and / or one or more threads (12) are arranged in the form of a pattern (9), image and / or alphanumeric character.

10. The connection device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the pattern (9) is barcode like pattern.

11. The connection device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security element (4) is provided as a print being printed on a surface (24) of the connection device (1) and / orwherein the security element (4) comprises at least one pigment and / or dye and / or wherein the security element (4) is provided as laser marking.

12. A method of producing a connection device (1) for connecting to a data device (2) and to a secure article (3), wherein the connection device (1) is connectable to the data device (2) and to the secure article (3) such, that the data device (2) is connectable to the secure article (3) via the connection device (1), the connection device (1) preferably being a connection device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprising the step of:i) Providing at least one connection device (1), andii) Providing at least one security element (4) on the connection device (1) that is configured to exhibit at least one response spectrum (5) upon illumination with electromagnetic radiation,characterized in that the security element (4) is configured and arranged such, that its response spectrum (5) is representing at least one response code (6) that is comparable with at least one reference response code, andwherein a match between the response code (6) and the reference response code is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device (1)13. A secure article (3), preferably a multi-page article such as a passport, a bank book, a cheque book, a ticket book or an identification booklet, wherein the secure article (3) comprises:i) at least one connection device (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 and / or as produced in the method according to claim 10, andii) at least one data device (2), wherein the data device (2) is preferably a data page and, wherein the connection device (1) is in connection with the data device (2), and wherein the connection device (1) preferably is an integral part of the data device (2) and / or is connected to the data device (2) by lamination.

14. The secure article (3) according to claim 13, wherein the data device (2), in particular one or more of its layers, comprises at least one transparent or translucent area (14),wherein the connection device (1) is connected to the data device (2) such that the27at least one security element (4) is arranged at least partially on and / or in the transparent ortranslucent area (14), whereby the response code (6) of the at least one security element (4) is detectable from an outside and / or along an extension direction (E) of the data device (2).

15. A method of producing a secure article (3), the secure article (3) preferably corresponds to the secure article (3) as claimed in any one of the claims 13 to 14, wherein the method comprises the steps of:i) Providing at least one connection device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or as produced in the method according to claim 10; andii) Providing at least one data device (2); andwherein the connection device (1) is connected to the data device (2).

16. A method of verifying the authenticity of a connection device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the method comprises the steps of:i) illuminating the security element (4) with electromagnetic radiation (R), and ii) detecting the response spectrum (5) exhibited by the security element (4) in response to the illumination with the electromagnetic radiation, andiii) comparing the response spectrum (5) representing the response code (6) with the reference response code, wherein a match between the response code (6) and the reference response code is indicative of the authenticity of the connection device (1).

17. A computer-implemented method for verifying the authenticity of a connection device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, and the method comprising the steps of:i) receiving input data associated with the response spectrum (5) representing the response code (6),ii) comparing the input data with reference data associated with the reference response code preferably stored in a database (17), wherein a match between the input data and the reference data is indicative of an authenticity of the connection device (1), and iii) outputting a result of the comparison.

Images