Integrated rotational friction damper

Abstract

The present invention introduces an integrated rotational friction damper with a unique mechanism that converts linear vibrations into rotational motion within a rectangular frame. This system transforms vibrational energy in frame caused by external forces into relative rotation between rotational plates.In this damper, a normal force, applied by a pressure-generating device, and friction between the plates dissipate the input energy. This damper is particularly effective in building frames, reducing the impacts of dynamic forces like earthquakes by dissipating energy. Its advantages include the ability to use large rotational plates for enhanced energy dissipation, control and adjust the normal force, and modify key parameters such as the size, number, roughness, and material of friction surfaces, as well as a simple design and construction and long service life.

Description

[0001] English Description Description

[0002] Title of Invention : Integrated rotational friction damper Technical Field

[0003] It is an energy-absorbing tool with the function of mechanical movement Background Art

[0004] With man's access to resistant materials such as steel and concrete, the use of linear structures and rectangular shapes in various sectors of industries, building frames, bridges, scaffolding, machinery support bases, etc., has become very common.

[0005] In rectangular frames, for various reasons, the components move against each other and cause the shape of the frame to change from a rectangle to a parallelogram.

[0006] There are limited methods and tools to control the movement and displacement of these rectangular frames, although each of these methods and tools has its own advantages and disadvantages.

[0007] These tools include bracing with different shapes and types, frame filler plates with different shapes and materials, and dampers that provide control of movement and displacement in the frame.

[0008] In dampers, energy loss generally occurs by friction, deformation of metallic and non- metallic materials in the plastic phase (yielding and viscoelastic) and liquid flow control (viscous).

[0009] There are different methods and arrangements to create the mechanism of energy loss in dampers, which leads to the creation of new forms of dampers with different names and applications.

[0010] A number of important parameters for choosing a specific type of damper for a system are:

[0011] -Energy dissipation rate

[0012] -Damping capability

[0013] -Stiffness

[0014] -Maximum displacement

[0015] -Ability to return to the original form

[0016] -Dimensions

[0017] -Production and maintenance cost

[0018] -durability

[0019] -Manufacturing technology

[0020] In the following, we introduce a number of available dampers.

[0021] Pall friction damper:

[0022] For the first time in 1982, Pall friction damper was designed by Canadian scientists Pall and Marshall. The function of this system is to create sliding friction surfaces at the intersection of the cross bracing in the building frame. Pall damper consists of several groups of steel belts in the shape of a rectangle, which are installed at the intersection of the cross braces. These belts are connected to each other using strong steel Bolts and by changing the shape, they create a relative rotation from a rectangular shape to a parallelogram at the intersection and damper nodes.

[0023] Pall damper does not slip against wind load, but it moves in earthquake excitations andEnglish Description absorbs a significant part of earthquake energy. This action makes the structure remain elastic and reduces the damage in the components of the structure.

[0024] Sumitomo friction damper:

[0025] This damper is manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Industries and is attached along the length of the bracing. This damper tool has a cylindrical wall inside which cushions are installed and these cushions slide on the inner wall of the damper and dissipate energy through friction.

[0026] Rotational friction damper:

[0027] This damper is known as a new friction damper in technical references and has two general forms:

[0028] The first form of this damper includes two linking members in the shape of V or turned V, where the friction nodes are placed at the junction of these members. This damper has the ability to develop by sequencing these members to each other, and by contracting or expanding V or turned V members, rotation is created in the nodes and causes energy dissipation.

[0029] The second form consists of two parallel arms connected by two or more linking members. The linking members are also located in parallel and the friction nodes are placed at the junction of the linking members and the arms. The relative displacement in two parallel arms along the axis of the arms causes rotation in the nodes and causes energy dissipation.

[0030] Friction damper in bracing:

[0031] This damper is installed as a sliding linker between the V or turned V or diagonal bracing members and consists of two or two groups of plates that are slidably placed on top of each other. One group of plates has bean holes in line with the longitudinal axis of the bracing, and the other group has round holes, and the plates are pressed together using high-strength Bolts.

[0032] As the shape of the frame changes from rectangular to parallelogram, the diameter of the frame or other components attached to the frame changes, and this causes displacement between the two groups of damper plates. Due to the friction between the two groups of plates, energy is consumed.

[0033] Cylindrical friction damper with forced strain mechanism:

[0034] Cylindrical friction damper has only two main parts: cylindrical part and tubular part. In this damper, the inner diameter of the tubular part is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical part by a very small amount (a few tenths of mm) in a limited length of it. After the tubular part and the cylindrical part find enough temperature difference, the cylindrical part is easily placed inside the pipe and has the possibility of specific movement in and out of the pipe. After the thermal balance, the necessary pressure for friction between the damper surfaces is created in these two parts. In this damper, the necessary pressure between the friction surfaces is not controlled by intermediate mechanical parts such as Bolts, but by adjusting the geometric parameters and materials of the cylinder and pipe by the friction surfaces, the necessary pressure is adjusted. This damper is a passive device for energy loss, which is used to create additional stiffness and damping in mechanical devices under the influence of shock and vibration or in structures to improve their seismic behavior and reduce damage caused by earthquakes.

[0035] Yielding metal dampers:

[0036] The first research projects in the field of using metal dampers were presented by Kelly and Skinner in the early 1970s and continued with diverse and extensive research byEnglish Description other researchers. These devices are embedded in structures as energy dissipators and by tolerating irreversible plastic deformations, they consume a significant part of the energy input to the structure. In this research, inelastic bending and twisting strains were created in steel elements. This was the first time that the idea of using devices in the structure, which by entering the plastic area and absorbing energy, would reduce the damage to the main members of the structure was proposed.

[0037] Considerable research has been done in this field, including the experiments of Bergman and Goel at the University of Michigan on X-shaped and V-shaped steel sheets. In another important research project, Whittaker et al. at UC Berkeley conducted research on the behavior analysis of X-shaped steel sheets. There has been a lot of research on ADAS and TADAS metal dampers in recent years.

[0038] Viscoelastic damper:

[0039] Viscoelastic materials have dual properties, which means that in addition to viscous properties, they also have elastic properties. These materials are mostly made of polymer.

[0040] The function of viscoelastic dampers is that they lead to energy dissipation by causing shear deformation in these materials.

[0041] In 1969, viscoelastic materials were used in the construction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center, and Tsai and Lee conducted early studies on viscoelastic dampers.

[0042] Viscose damper:

[0043] Viscous damper was first used in the 19th century to neutralize the impact of cannonballs on ships. Then, the use of this device in the aerospace industry to launch missiles and in the military industry was expanded. In the first half of the 20th century, the use of this technology also began in automobile factories.The entry of viscose damping into the construction industry began with experiments at the University of Buffalo. In fact, it is possible to effectively achieve the desired level of vibration control by using hydraulic transfer of fluids. The main efforts to develop viscose dampers for structural use were made during the past years, taking advantage of the experiences of heavy and military industries.

[0044] One of the simple design methods is based on the classic cylinder and piston model, which is filled with a viscous liquid. In this method, energy dissipation is done by converting kinetic energy into thermal

[0045] energy through viscous fluid flow in the cylinder and piston.

[0046] Summary of Invention

[0047] The integrated rotational friction damper is an energy-absorbing device with mechanical motion functionality.

[0048] Rectangular frame is used as framework and skeleton in a wide range of tools, machines and construction industries. Changing the shape of the frame from a rectangle to a parallelogram, under the influence of external factors or forces, is usually not desirable and causes instability or malfunction of the system. The purpose of using the above damper is to absorb and dissipate the energy caused by the unfavorable deformation of the frame.

[0049] In the motion method "Linear to Rotational Vibration Converter in a Rectangular Frame," there are components that convert the reciprocating vibrations of the frame into rotational vibrations between the rotating plate members.

[0050] By using the above method and by creating pressure between the rotating plate members, itEnglish Description is possible to make the above damper tool.

[0051] Some of the advantages of this damper include high efficiency and energy loss due to the use of the "linear to rotational vibration converter in a rectangular frame" method and the ability to install large rotational plates, ease of construction, and the ability to install in existing rectangular frames. This damper is used in the building industry to control the lateral deformations of the building skeleton caused by earthquakes.

[0052] Technical Problem

[0053] The rectangular frame is used as a framework and skeleton in a wide range of tools, machinery and construction industries. Changing the shape of the frame from rectangular to parallelogram, under the influence of external factors and forces, is usually not desirable and causes instability and malfunction of the system. One of the appropriate methods to absorb energy and control the unwanted deformation of the frame is to use dampers.

[0054] One of the types of dampers are friction dampers, which are classified into the following groups in terms of behavior:

[0055] A- Dampers based on the rotation of the friction node : In this type of dampers, the energy dissipation performance is formed based on the rotation around each node with a relatively small friction surface. These nodes and links (arms) are connected individually or in groups with different arrangements.

[0056] In this type of damper, the amount of energy dissipation is generally equal to the sum of the dissipated energy per node. However, one of the main drawbacks of this type of damper is the negligible absorption of energy per node. Because each node is placed in the center of rotation, and in order to absorb more energy, it is necessary to increase the number of frictional layers, the nodes and arms, or increase the overall dimensions of the damper in order to be able to withstand more normal force (force perpendicular to the surface). But, this leads to an increase in the cost of construction. For example, Pall friction dampers and rotary friction dampers are types of these dampers.

[0057] B- Damper based on the integrated and linear motion of friction plates in the bracing member: It provides energy dissipation performance based on the linear motion of friction plates on two different groups of friction plates. In this type of damper, one group of friction plates has round holes and the other group has bean holes. Friction plates are pressed together by Bolts, which is generally used to pre-stress Bolts to create normal pressure, and the maximum displacement of the plates is limited to the length of the bean hole.

[0058] This damper is installed in the frame and between the bracing members. The slenderness of the bracing member determines the maximum force applied to the damper, and the brace's tolerable force against buckling must be greater than the force that causes the damper plates to slip.

[0059] One of the drawbacks of this type of damper is the need to reduce the slenderness of the bracing member in order to prevent the instability of the components under pressure. This need to reduce slenderness usually arises due to the long length of the components (especially in diagonal braces). This leads to an increase in the material required in theEnglish Description bracing member and thus increases the construction cost. For example, friction dampers in braces are among the things that have this problem.

[0060] C- Cylindrical friction dampers operate using the linear motion of a friction piston or friction pads within the inner wall of a cylinder. These types of dampers, similar to those described in section B, are installed between the brace components. In addition to the drawbacks mentioned for the dampers in section B, cylindrical friction dampers also require advanced manufacturing technology, among other drawbacks. Some examples of cylindrical friction dampers include the Sumitomo friction damper and the cylindrical friction damper with a forced strain mechanism.

[0061] The main purpose of using integrated rotational friction damper in the system is to absorb and dissipate energy caused by the unfavorable deformation of the frame under the influence of external forces. By installing a damper in the system, unwanted shape changes of the frame in response to external forces are reduced by internal friction in the damper. This performance improvement can effectively prevent possible damage to the frame and is very useful for maintaining the strength and stability of the structure.

[0062] Solution to Problem

[0063] This damper is made using the movement method of "linear to rotational vibration converter in a rectangular frame."

[0064] The aforementioned converter is a mechanical-kinetic method, including members that convert the reciprocating movement of the rectangular frame into a rotational movement in the center of the frame and between the rotational members.

[0065] This method is located in a two-dimensional plane, and its transformation and displacement also happen in the same plane.

[0066] The members of this converter are divided into three groups: frame members, linking members and rotational members

[0067] 1-The frame members consist of four linear members that are two by two parallel to each other and placed in a rectangular shape. The movement of other members of the converter is dependent on the movement of the frame, and in Figure (1), the frame members are shown with numbers (1) to(4).

[0068] 2-The linking members consist of two linear members that are connected to the frame on one side and to the rotating members on the other side. Each linking member is connected to the corners of the frame diagonally, and in Figure (1), the linking members are shown with numbers (5) and (6).

[0069] 3- Rotational members consist of two groups of surface members that are connected to each other in the center of the frame, and there is a possibility of relative rotation around its center. In addition, a group of members are connected to the middle of the upper and lower members of the frame, and another group of members are connected to the linking members, and in Figure (1), the rotating members are shown with numbers (7) and (8). In the above method, other than the frame, the members are connected to each other via pinned (without the ability to resist rotation, relative to each other in the axis perpendicular to the plane). But the connection of the frame members to each other can be in two ways pinned or rigid (with the ability to resist rotation relative to each other inEnglish Description the axis perpendicular to the plane).

[0070] By fixing each member of the frame as a fixed support, the relative movement of the opposite member creates a relative rotation between the rotating members in the opposite direction.

[0071] In this method, due to the internal stiffness of the members under the influence of force or displacement, very little internal deformation occurs in the members and buckling does not occur in them. Also, there is no significant curvature in the members.

[0072] Consequently, the original shape of the members is preserved in this method and because the internal deformation of the members is very small compared to their movement, their internal deformation can be neglected.

[0073] The limitation of displacement in the nodes of the above method depends on the geometrical dimensions of the converter, the dimensions of the members and the means of connection between them. In other words, the possibility of movement and displacement of members is influenced by dimensional proportions and connecting tools. These limits are determined based on the dimensions and geometrical conditions of the structure and the interactions between the elements. Therefore, in the design and the use of this method, one should pay attention to these limitations and use the appropriate proportion between the dimensions of the converter, members and connecting means.

[0074] Integrated rotational friction damper tool:

[0075] Using the above method and by applying pressure between the rotating plate elements through various means such as pre-tensioned Bolts, gas jacks, and hydraulic jacks, it is possible to construct an integrated rotational friction damper tool. The introduction, the interconnection of its elements, and the description of its operation are as follows.

[0076] The elements of this friction damper are divided into four groups: frame elements, connector elements, rotational plate elements, and the pressure exerting device.

[0077] The frame and connector elements are exactly like those introduced in the converter, with changes occurring in the rotary plate elements, which are shown as numbers (7) and (8) in Figure (1), and the addition of a pressure application device, shown as number (9) in Figure (1). Additionally, a simple method is used to create pinned connections, which will be explained further.

[0078] The rotary elements and connector elements are connected to each other or to other elements by rods that are perpendicular to the rotary plates and behave completely in a hinged (pinned) manner.

[0079] The rotational members of the plate in the center of the circles are placed on a rod that is perpendicular to it, allowing one or both groups of these plates to rotate around the rod, and the rest of the connections are introduced in the above movement method.

[0080] The rotating plate members are composed of two groups of plate members (circular, concentric, parallel and adjacent to each other and in contact with each other) and each group can move with each other, and each group is arranged alternately to reach the highest level of friction .

[0081] In rotary plate members, due to symmetry and the absence of eccentric force outside the damper plate, the number of plates in the first group is one more than the number of plates in the second group.

[0082] To allow the pressure application rod to pass through, a round hole is created in one group of the rotating members of the plate which are located in the outer layers, and a bean hole is created in the other group of those members, and the diameter of the holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the rod and it is to the extent that the rod can moveEnglish Description easily in that hole.

[0083] The radius of curvature of a bean hole in a group of rotary plate members is the distance from the center of the rotary plates to the center of that hole, and the length of its curvature, which is due to the passage of the pressure-creating rod, will limit the relative rotational movement of two groups of rotary plates.

[0084] The center of the holes of both groups of rotary members coincide with each other and in the initial state of the damper frame, the round hole is placed in the middle of the length of the bean hole so that equal maximum displacement of the frame in both direction is ensured. The length of the curvature of the bean hole determines the maximum displacement of the frame in this tool, and by default, the length of the curvature of all the bean holes is enough to create the maximum relative rotation between the two groups of rotating planes, which means that the angle opposite to the arc of the bean hole in all holes is equal to 2e.

[0085] As a result, the relative rotation angle of the two groups of plates will be ±e , according to figure (1) to (3).

[0086] The device for creating pressure is a pre-tensioned Bolt, gas or oil jack that can be used in this damper.

[0087] 1- Pre-tensioned Bolts: They are Bolts that automatically apply a constant pressure to rotating members by applying a pre-set force. This pressure creates a resistance against relative rotation in the members and controls the amount of rotation.

[0088] 2-Gas and oil jacks: these jacks also have the ability to adjust the pressure. By adjusting the proper pressure in the jacks, a corresponding pressure is applied to the rotating members to limit the relative rotation and provide finer adjustments in the rotational movement.

[0089] By connecting to the rotating members and adjusting the required pressure, these tools provide the possibility of accurate and effective control over the movement and relative rotation between the members.

[0090] The pressure device consists of a rod member that passes through the hole of the rotating plates and is perpendicular to it, and applies a force perpendicular to the outer surfaces of the two outer plates and creates pressure between all the rotating plates.

[0091] In this method, the rod member located in the center of the rotating members can act as an independent pressure device or in combination with other pressure devices if it causes pressure between the rotating plates.

[0092] One of the simple, cheap and effective methods to create pressure between rotating plate members is to use prestressed Bolts. These Bolts are generally made of high strength steel. After the complete closing of the Bolt and initial tightening, with the relative rotation of the Bolt and nut to a certain extent, tensile stress is created in the Bolt body. This tensile stress is transmitted by the head of the bolt as a pressure between the rotating plates. This method is one of the methods that can be easily used and creates the desired pressure in the structure.English Description In this damper, gas or oil jacks can also be used as a means of creating pressure, which is shown in Figure (7) of the three-dimensional model of the damper and in Figure (9) of the exploded three-dimensional model with the numbering of its members.

[0093] In figure (9), members number (1) to (8) are exactly like figure (1) and only instead of pretensioned Bolts, gas or oil jacks are used as a means of creating pressure. In this figure, number (10) is gas or oil jacks. No. (11 ) high pressure hoses have the role of transferring gas or oil from the source of creating pressure to the jacks and connecting the fluid flow path in the jacks in a parallel way and causing constant pressure in all the jacks and . Number (12) represents the gas or oil pressure source.

[0094] In Figure (10), the section and components of the gas or oil jack in the damper are depicted, which in the above figure, the number (13) shows the section of the gas or oil jack, the number (7) & (8) the section of the rotary plates, the number (14) the rod member, the number (15) the cylinder of the pressure linker, and the number (16) the inlet and outlet of the fluid, and by applying gas or oil pressure in its inlet, it causes pressure between the rotary plates, and It is possible to change the pressure between the plates by controlling the gas or oil pressure at the jack inlet.

[0095] If there is a constant pressure between the rotational plates at the time of movement of those plates, the damper will have a passive function and if the pressure between the rotational plates can be controlled during the movement of those plates, the damper will have a semi-active function.

[0096] The advantage of using a Bolt as a means of creating pressure compared to a gas or oil jack includes a small cost of construction and installation and easy implementation of its installation and maintenance, but the advantage of a gas or oil jack is the ability to control the amount of force exerted on the rotary plates during movement, and with this capability, the aforementioned damper operates as a semi-active.

[0097] The property of using the Bolt as a means of creating pressure, after installing it on the rotary plates, acts passively due to the constant pressure force in each damping Bolt.

[0098] The drawbacks of using gas or oil jacks as a means of creating pressure include the high cost of the jack itself and associated equipment such as fluid pumps, pressure accumulators, and high-pressure hoses. Additionally, there is a need for control equipment and sensors to control speed, displacement, and pressure. However, for specific applications where these costs are justified by the semi-active performance of the damper, such systems can be utilized. Conversely, for passive damper operation, Bolts as a means of creating pressure justify the economic aspect compared to gas or oil jacks.

[0099] The sum of the force exerted on the rotating members determines the amount of normal force (force perpendicular to the surface).

[0100] The multiplicity of means of creating pressure and its regular arrangement on the rotating members causes a more uniform normal force on those members.

[0101] Advantageous Effects of InventionEnglish Description - Utilization of the unique method of "Linear to Rotary Vibration Converter in Rectangular Frame"

[0102] - Ability to change the size (diameter), number, roughness, and material of the frictional rotating surfaces

[0103] - Flexibility in altering the number, arrangement, and magnitude of the pressure-generating device (variation in normal force)

[0104] - Possibility of using pressure-generating devices through various methods, such as employing pre-tensioned Bolts, gas or oil jacks, for applying pressure forces among rotating surfaces

[0105] - The possibility of controlling the amount of pressure force between the rotating plates during the movement of the plates and converting the damper function from passive to semiactive by using gas or oil jacks.

[0106] - The ability to move within the defined range and prevent destructive or excessive movement of the damper frame (according to the maximum relative rotation ±e of the rotating plates)

[0107] - Ability to install in existing frames and use it as part of the damper

[0108] - No need for advanced technology in construction

[0109] - The ability to determine the value of the sliding threshold force through calculation or testing

[0110] - The ability to design a vertical angle (the angle between the axis of the linking member and the axis that connects the linking members to the rotating member), in the original and unaltered form of the damper and creating stiffness in the movement of the frame

[0111] - Simple and inexpensive maintenance and repair due to the use of simple and limited parts - Long lifespan

[0112] Brief Description of Drawings

[0113] Figure (1) shows a view of the integrated rotational friction damper in the two-dimensional plane without displacement.

[0114] Figure (2) shows a view of the integrated rotary friction damper in the two-dimensional plane and with displacement D to the right.

[0115] Figure (3) shows a view of the integrated rotational friction damper in the two-dimensional plane with displacement D to the left.

[0116] As shown in figures (1) to (3), relative rotation is created by moving the frame to the value ±D in the rotating members by the amount ±0.

[0117] To perform calculations, it is necessary to have the values of the following variables:English Description Radius of rotating plates (R)

[0118] Number of pressure-inducing devices (n)

[0119] The amount of force of each pressure device (p)

[0120] The number of frictional contact surfaces between rotating members (m)

[0121] Friction coefficient between the plates of rotating members (p)

[0122] The maximum relative rotation of two groups of plate rotating member (±6)

[0123] By substituting the variable values into the above formulas, you can calculate the resistance force of the rotary members at the threshold of motion.

[0124] Figure (4) illustrates the dimensional parameters of the rotary plate members of the integrated rotary friction damper.

[0125] The uniform distribution of the pressure-inducing devices on the rotary plate members is shown in Figure (4-a), which leads to a suitable assumption of a uniform distribution of the force perpendicular to the surface (normal force) on these plates.

[0126] According to the parameters in Figure (4-b), the resistant moment of the friction damper plates (the moment that causes relative rotation between the two groups of rotary members) is calculated using the following formula: The total normal force: P=nxp

[0127]

[0128] 2

[0129] T = - m m PR

[0130] 3

[0131] Figure (5) shows the analytical model of integrated rotary friction damper along with the naming of members and nodes.

[0132] According to figure (5) and by applying force F to node c, the amount of torsional moment at node i is calculated according to the following relations:

[0133] >

[0134] >

[0135] ">

[0136] >

[0137] > >

[0138]

[0139] English Description Z Fx(d)= 0 -* Pfd = Phd sin('P) = F tan (a) tan('F)

[0140] >

[0141] &

[0142] >

[0143] &

[0144]

[0145] With the increase of force F, the amount of moment applied to the rotational plates of the damper increases, and at the moment when the driving moment exceeds the resistance moment, the rotational plates of the damper have a relative movement and cause energy dissipition.

[0146] The following formula is based on the equality of driving force and resistance in the damper, and as a result, the value of the threshold force of the damper movement is obtained:

[0147] 2D Ftan(a)

[0148] cos P)

[0149]

[0150] And

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] Figure (6) shows the 3D model of the integrated rotary friction damper with pre-tensioned bolts as the pressure application device.

[0154] Figure (7) shows the 3D model of the integrated rotary friction damper with gas or oil jacks as the pressure application device.

[0155] Figure (8) shows the expanded 3D model of the integrated rotary friction damper with pretensioned bolts along with the numbering of components, as per Figure(1).

[0156] Figure (9) shows the expanded 3D model of the integrated rotary friction damper with gas or oil jacks along with the numbering of components.

[0157] Figure (10) shows the section of the gas or oil jack.English Description Description of Embodiments

[0158] In buildings, beams and columns are usually used as a building frame, which is a suitable method for transferring gravity forces to the ground.

[0159] Lateral displacement in buildings is very important for stability and operational efficiency, and usually the ratio of lateral displacement to floor height is limited to a certain amount in building regulations.

[0160] In order to control lateral displacement and stability against forces or lateral displacements imposed on the building (such as earthquakes), different methods and tools are used such as: fixing the frame connections (rigid connection between the frame members), converging and diverging bracing( with different shapes of diagonal, cross, chevron), steel or concrete shear wall, building materials and dampers.

[0161] The selection of the method or tool for resisting lateral loads is based on parameters such as: internal conditions and nature, external factors, cost, demand and technology.

[0162] Dampers are a new generation of lateral displacement control tools in buildings, which in earthquakes by absorbing energy, eliminate damage in structural members, which have received much attention in the construction industry with the advancement of technology and reduction of construction costs.

[0163] The integrated rotational friction damper can be installed in the building frame and by dissipating energy and controlling the deformation of the frame during an earthquake, it can make the structure stable and not damage the building components.

[0164] Industrial Applicability

[0165] In the construction industry, it can be used to control the lateral deformations of the building skeleton caused by earthquakes.

Claims

English Claims Claims

1. The integrated rotational friction damper device, using the method of "linear to rotational vibration converter in rectangular frame", converts the reciprocating motion of the frame into relative and reverse rotational motion between two groups of plate rotational members; This tool includes frame members, linker, rotary plate and pressure-generating device, and by adding the pressure-generating device to the converter and changes in the rotary plate members, the above damper is made, and when the frame vibrates with the pressure and friction between the rotary plates, It dissipates the kinetic energy of the frame.

2. According to claim No. 1 , the frame members and interface of the integrated rotational friction damper are completely identical to the frame members and interface of the "linear to rotational vibration converter in a rectangular frame."

3. According to Claim No. 1 , the rotational members of a plate are composed of two groups of plate members with a total number of odd and at least three circular plates, concentric, parallel, adjacent to each other and in contact with each other.

4. According to claim number 1 , in order to have the highest level of frictional contact between the rotational plate members, the plate members of each group are arranged alternately, next to the members of the other group.

5. According to claim No. 1 , the rotational members of the plate are placed in the center of the damper on a rod that is perpendicular to it, and it is possible to rotate one or two groups of plates around that rod.

6. According to claim 1 , the damper members are connected to each other using a rod perpendicular to the rotating plates in the form of a hinge. Additionally, the frame members can also be connected in a fixed manner.

7. According to claim 1 , the pressure application device is responsible for applying uniform contact pressure on all the rotating plates.English Claims

8. According to claim number 1 , the pressure generating means consists of one or more rod members that pass through the holes on the rotating plates vertically.

9. According to claim number 1 , the rod member that is placed in the center of the rotating members, if it has the function of creating pressure between the rotating plates, it can act as an independent pressure device or Participate in combination with other pressure devices.

10. According to claim No. 1 , round holes are formed in one group of rotational members of the plate which are also located in the external layers, while bean holes are formed in the other group of members. The diameter of the holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the pressure application rod, so that the rod is easily inserted into the hole and moves.

11. According to claim No. 1 , the centers of the holes of both groups of rotary members coincide with each other, and in the initial state of the damper frame, the round hole is placed in the middle of the length of the bean hole so that the maximum displacement of the frame in the reciprocating process is equal.

12. According to Claim No. 1 in rotary plate members, the radius of curvature of the bean hole is the distance between the center of the rotary plates and the center of that hole, and the length of the curvature of the bean hole also determines the maximum relative rotation of the rotary plate members and is one of the factors limiting the maximum displacement of the frame in this tool.

13. According to claim No. 1 , the means of creating pressure is a type of pre-tensioned bolt, pneumatic or oil jack, and it includes a rod that passes through the rotational members of the plate, and by applying tension to the body of the rod, creates the force required to compress the rotational members of the plate.

14. According to claim 1, if the damper is in its initial form without geometric deformation and the angle between the axis of the connecting member and the axis formed by the connection of the connecting members toEnglish Claims the rotating member is right, the force required for the movement of the damper is at its minimum. As the frame eforms, the force increases, causing stiffness in the movement of the damper.

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