Bioactive polymer coating reinforced with nanoparticles and bioactive agents for creating a biological barrier on dental implant abutments

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a method for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier. The disclosed method includes preparing an external surface of the dental implant abutment, preparing a polymer solution, applying a coating by immersing the dental implant abutment in the polymer solution, withdrawing the dental implant abutment from the polymer solution at a controlled speed, drying the coating by disposing the dental implant abutment, applying a final curing by placing the dental implant abutment, and eliminating microbial contamination from the dental implant abutment comprising sterilizing the dental implant abutment by applying UV radiation to the dental implant abutment.

Description

BIOACTIVE POLYMER COATING REINFORCED WITH NANOPARTICLES AND BIOACTIVE AGENTS FOR CREATING A BIOLOGICAL BARRIER ON DENTAL IMPLANT ABUTMENTSTECHNICAL FIELDThe present disclosure pertains to the field of tissue engineering, biomaterials, and surface technologies for dental implants. Specifically, it focuses on developing bioactive polymer coatings reinforced with nanoparticles and bioactive agents to enhance gingival adhesion, reduce inflammation, and prevent peri-implantitis, thereby improving the longevity and success of dental implants.BACKGROUND ART

[0001] The field of dental implants has evolved significantly over the past few decades, driven by the increasing demand for effective and long -lasting tooth replacement solutions. Despite the advancements, one of the paramount challenges faced by dental practitioners and researchers is the prevention of peri-implantitis and ensuring the stability of the gingival seal around the implant abutments. Traditional methods have focused extensively on improving the osseointegration of implants; however, the interaction between the gingival tissue and the abutment has often been overlooked.

[0002] Recent studies have underscored the critical importance of establishing a robust and biocompatible interface between the gingiva and the dental implant abutment to prevent bacterial infiltration and subsequent inflammatory responses. Peri-implantitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the surrounding tissues and progressive loss of supporting bone, remains a prevalent issue, often necessitating invasive procedures such as gingival graft surgeries to restore the biological barrier.

[0003] Previous efforts to enhance the biocompatibility of dental implant surfaces have included the application of bioactive coatings, such as hydroxyapatite, adhesive peptides, and various biocompatible nanoparticles. While these approaches have yielded improvements in bone integration, they fall short in addressing the specific requirements for gingival adhesion and the prevention of bacterial colonization at the cervical region of the implant.

[0004] The current invention aims to address these limitations through the development of a bioactive polymer coating reinforced with nanoparticles and bioactive agents. This innovativecoating is specifically designed to enhance the adhesion of gingival tissue to the dental implant abutment, thereby creating a biological barrier akin to the natural attachment seen in healthy teeth. The incorporation of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles endows the coating with remarkable antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which are critical for mitigating the risk of peri-implantitis.

[0005] The choice of biocompatible polymers such as PLGA (polylactic-co-glycolic acid) and PEG (polyethylene glycol) enables the fine-tuning of surface properties, including hydrophilicity and degradation rates, to optimize the interaction with the surrounding tissues. Furthermore, the addition of bioactive agents, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promotes tissue regeneration and accelerates the healing process post-implantation.

[0006] The production process for this coating is designed to be both simple and cost-effective, employing conventional methods such as dip coating and spray coating. These techniques, combined with standard sterilization protocols, ensure the feasibility of large-scale production and wide adoption in clinical settings.

[0007] In summary, this invention represents a significant advancement in dental implant technology, offering a comprehensive solution to enhance gingival adhesion, reduce inflammation, and prevent bacterial infiltration. By mimicking the natural biological barrier of healthy teeth, this bioactive coating has the potential to improve the longevity and success rates of dental implants, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the need for invasive surgical interventions.SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0008] This summary is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter of the present disclosure, and is not intended to identify essential elements or key elements of the subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed implementations. The proper scope of the present disclosure may be ascertained from the claims set forth below in view of the detailed description below and the drawings.

[0010] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the method may include preparing an external surface of the dental implant abutment, preparing a polymer solution, applying a coating by immersing the dental implant abutment in the polymer solution, withdrawing the dental implant abutment from the polymer solution, drying the coating, applying a final curing, and eliminating microbial contamination.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, preparing an external surface of the dental implant abutment may include washing the external surface of the dental implant by a washing solution and applying etching process on the external surface of the dental implant abutment comprising applying a mild acid to the external surface of the dental implant abutment. In an exemplary embodiment, the washing solution may include alcohol. In an exemplary embodiment, preparing a polymer solution may include dissolving a biocompatible polymer in a solvent, adding silver nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the solvent, dispersing the silver nanoparticles and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the solvent, and adding bioactive agents to the solvent.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the biocompatible polymer may include polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) may be 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent may include dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of the biocompatible polymer may be 10% of a weight of the solvent.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, size of silver nanoparticles may be between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of silver nanoparticles may be between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 1% andnanoparticles and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the solvent may be done by using a magnetic stirrer, an ultrasonic agitator, or a combination thereof.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the bioactive agents may include epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), dexamethasone, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, applying a coating may be done by immersing the dental implant abutment in the polymer solution. In an exemplary embodiment, withdrawing the dental implant abutment from the polymer solution may be done at a controlled speed. In an exemplary embodiment, the control speed may be 10 mm / min.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, drying the coating may be done by disposing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 25° Centigrade and 30° Centigrade for a time period between 1 minute and 10 minutes. In an exemplary embodiment, applying a final curing may be done by placing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 80° Centigrade and 100° Centigrade for a time period between 1 hour and 2 hours. In an exemplary embodiment, eliminating microbial contamination from the dental implant abutment may be done through sterilizing the dental implant abutment by applying UV radiation to the dental implant abutment.

[0016] Disclosed herein is also a coating for a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may include a solvent with a biocompatible polymer. In an exemplary embodiment, the biocompatible polymer may include polylactic -co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) may be 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent may include dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of the biocompatible polymer may be 10% of a weight of the solvent.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include silver nanoparticles. In an exemplary embodiment, size of silver nanoparticles may be between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of silver nanoparticles may be between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include titanium dioxide nanoparticles. In an exemplary embodiment, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers. In an exemplaryembodiment, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 1% and 3% of the weight of the solvent.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include bioactive agents. In an exemplary embodiment, the bioactive agents may include growth factors and anti-inflammatory drugs. In an exemplary embodiment, the growth factors may include epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-inflammatory drugs may include dexamethasone.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.

[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates a method for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0021] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent that the present teachings may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components, and / or circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings.

[0022] The following detailed description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the methods and devices disclosed in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments are provided only as representative examples. Various modifications to the exemplary implementations will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations and applications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementations shown, but is to be accorded the widest possible scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0023] Disclosed herein is a method for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier. FIG. 1 shows a method 100 for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, in an exemplary embodiment, method 100 may include a first step 101 of preparing an external surface of the dental implant abutment, a second step 102 of preparing a polymer solution, a third step 103 of applying a coating by immersing the dental implant abutment in the polymer solution, a fourth step 104 of withdrawing the dental implant abutment from the polymer solution at a controlled speed, a fifth step 105 of drying the coating by disposing the dental implant abutment, a sixth step 106 of applying a final curing, and a seventh step 107 of eliminating microbial contamination from the dental implant abutment.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement first step 101 of method 100, an external surface of the dental implant abutment may be washed by a washing solution. In an exemplary embodiment, the washing solution may include alcohol. In an exemplary embodiment, the washing solution may include any other standard washing solution. Then, inan exemplary embodiment, etching process may be applied on the external surface of the dental implant abutment. In an exemplary embodiment, applying etching process on the external surface of the dental implant abutment may include applying a mild acid to the external surface of the dental implant abutment. In an exemplary embodiment, etching process may increase surface roughness and improve coating adhesion.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement second step 102 of method 100, a biocompatible polymer may be dissolved in a solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, the biocompatible polymer may include polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) may be 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent may include dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of the biocompatible polymer may be 10% of a weight of the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, it may be understood that these polymers (polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)) are highly biocompatible and allow for the manipulation of surface properties (e.g., hydrophilicity and degradation rate).

[0026] Then, in an exemplary embodiment, silver nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be added to the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, size of silver nanoparticles may be between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of silver nanoparticles may be between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 1% and 3% of the weight of the solvent.

[0027] Then, in an exemplary embodiment, the silver nanoparticles and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be dispersed uniformly in the solvent by using a magnetic stirrer, an ultrasonic agitator, or a combination thereof. Then, in an exemplary embodiment, bioactive agents may be added to the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, the bioactive agents may include epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), dexamethasone, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, silver nanoparticles may serve as an antibacterial and anti -biofilm role, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, particularly in the cervical area of the implant. In an exemplary embodiment, titanium dioxide nanoparticles may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and enhance epithelial cell adhesion. They also contribute to mechanical stability and wear resistance of the coating. In an exemplaryembodiment, growth factors such as EGF (epidermal growth factor) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) may accelerate gingival tissue regeneration. In an exemplary embodiment, anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., dexamethasone) may control local inflammation during the initial post-implantation phase. In an exemplary embodiment, layer-by-Layer assembly structures may also be used for gradual release of these bioactive agents.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement third step 103 of method 100, the dental implant abutment may be immersed in the polymer solution. In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement fourth step 104 of method 100, the dental implant abutment may be withdrawn from the polymer solution at a controlled speed. In an exemplary embodiment, the control speed may be 10 mm / min. In an exemplary embodiment, in order to fifth step 105 of method 100, the coating may be dried by disposing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 25° Centigrade and 30° Centigrade for a time period between Iminute and 10 minutes. In an exemplary embodiment, methods such as dip coating or spray coating may also be used. In dip coating, the abutment is withdrawn from the solution at a controlled speed (approximately 10 mm / min) to ensure uniform thickness. In spray coating, compressed clean air and appropriate nozzles are used to achieve the desired thickness.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement sixth step 106 of method 100, a final curing may be applied by placing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 80° Centigrade and 100° Centigrade for a time period between 1 hour and 2 hours. In an exemplary embodiment, in order to implement seventh step 107 of method 100, microbial contamination may be eliminated from the dental implant abutment. In an exemplary embodiment, eliminating microbial contamination from the dental implant abutment may include sterilizing the dental implant abutment by applying UV radiation to the dental implant abutment. In an exemplary embodiment, for final curing, the samples may be placed at 80-100°C for 1-2 hours to evaporate residual solvent and maximize the coating's mechanical and biological properties. In an exemplary embodiment, after curing, coated abutments may be sterilized according to standard protocols (e.g., ISO 17665 for autoclaving or UV radiation under Class II Biosafety Cabinet conditions) to eliminate microbial contamination.

[0030] Disclosed herein is also a coating for a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may include a solvent with a biocompatible polymer. In an exemplary embodiment, the biocompatible polymer may include polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof. In an exemplaryembodiment, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) may be 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid. In an exemplary embodiment, the solvent may include dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of the biocompatible polymer may be 10% of a weight of the solvent.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include silver nanoparticles. In an exemplary embodiment, size of silver nanoparticles may be between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of silver nanoparticles may be between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent. In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include titanium dioxide nanoparticles. In an exemplary embodiment, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers. In an exemplary embodiment, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles may be between 1% and 3% of the weight of the solvent.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, the coating may further include bioactive agents. In an exemplary embodiment, the bioactive agents may include growth factors and antiinflammatory drugs. In an exemplary embodiment, the growth factors may include epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-inflammatory drugs may include dexamethasone.

[0033] The invention proffers several compelling advantages that markedly enhance the functionality and efficacy of dental implant technology. By establishing a biological barrier that emulates the characteristics of natural teeth, the coating augments gingival adhesion to the abutment, effectively simulating the role of attached gingiva and thwarting bacterial infiltration. The amalgamation of silver nanoparticles and titanium dioxide imparts exceptional antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, curbing biofilm formation and mitigating local inflammation. The incorporation of bioactive agents, such as growth factors, expedites gingival healing and facilitates controlled drug release, substantially augmenting the technology's value. Furthermore, the invention is predicated on a simple and cost-effective production methodology, leveraging conventional mass production techniques, including dip coating or spray coating, with readily accessible solvents. This innovative approach holds the potential to supplant invasive gingival graft surgeries, thereby reducing costs and enhancing the patient experience.

[0034] From a commercial standpoint, the invention exhibits a competitive edge attributable to its low material costs, as biocompatible polymers and metallic nanoparticles areeconomically viable for industrial-scale production. The facile mass production process is bolstered by the utilization of commonly employed medical manufacturing apparatuses, such as dipping tanks, spray devices, curing ovens, and sterilization systems. The burgeoning dental implant market, driven by the increasing prevalence of implant procedures and the imperative for peri-implantitis prevention, further accentuates the technology's market potential. For implant manufacturers, the integration of this surface coating can substantially enhance the quality and longevity of standard abutments, thereby adding significant value. The proposed applications encompass dental implants for patients with insufficient attached gingiva, prevention of peri-implantitis and inflammatory complications, and improved treatment success rates, increased implant longevity, and reduced costs for retreatment.

[0035] The disclosed invention presents a plethora of remarkable applications, promising to revolutionize the field of dental implants. Primarily, it addresses the crucial need for dental implants tailored to patients who suffer from insufficient attached gingiva, ensuring they receive the necessary support for optimal oral health. This innovative solution goes beyond mere functionality by effectively mitigating the risk of peri-implantitis and other inflammatory complications that frequently arise around dental implants, thereby enhancing patient outcomes. The preventive capabilities of this invention are poised to significantly diminish the occurrence of such complications, contributing to enhanced patient safety and satisfaction. Moreover, this invention is engineered to bolster treatment success rates, extending the longevity of implants and thereby reducing the necessity and financial burden of retreatment. In essence, this pioneering invention not only elevates the standard of care for dental patients but also offers substantial economic benefits by minimizing long-term costs associated with implant failure and subsequent interventions.

[0036] The laboratory data presented for this invention underscores its remarkable efficacy and potential transformative impact on dental implant technology. The Antibacterial Test (In Vitro), conducted in accordance with ASTM E2149, revealed that a polymer coating infused with 1% silver nanoparticles was able to reduce the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by an impressive 95% within a mere 24 hours. This significant antibacterial activity suggests that the coated implants could play a crucial role in preventing infection and ensuring long-term implant success.

[0037] Further supporting the invention's efficacy, the Epithelial Cell Adhesion Test demonstrated that culturing HaCaT cells or oral epithelial cells on the coated samples resultedin a 50% increase in cell density compared to control samples lacking the bioactive coating after 72 hours. This finding indicates enhanced cell proliferation and integration with the implant surface, which is vital for the stability and longevity of dental implants. Additionally, in a Local Inflammation Evaluation using an animal model, implantation of the coated abutments in rabbits showed a significant reduction in tissue inflammation and peri-implant pocket depth compared to uncoated controls after 4 weeks. This data suggests that the bioactive coating not only promotes favorable biological interactions but also mitigates inflammatory responses, enhancing overall implant performance. Together, these laboratory findings underscore the potential of this invention to dramatically improve clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction in dental implantology.

[0038] While the foregoing has described what may be considered to be the best mode and / or other examples, it is understood that various modifications may be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may be applied in numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.

[0039] Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions, magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in this specification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, not exact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistent with the functions to which they relate and with what is customary in the art to which they pertain.

[0040] The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow. That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as is consistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in the claims when interpreted in light of this specification and the prosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural and functional equivalents.

[0041] Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated or illustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedication of any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the public, regardless of whether it is or is not recited in the claims.

[0042] It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective spaces of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been setforth herein. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by “a” or “an” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0043] The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in various implementations. This is for purposes of streamlining the disclosure, and is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed implementations require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed implementation. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter.While various implementations have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more implementations and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the implementations. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying figures and discussed in this detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature of any implementation may be used in combination with or substituted for any other feature or element in any other implementation unless specifically restricted. Therefore, it will be understood that any of the features shown and / or discussed in the present disclosure may be implemented together in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the implementations are not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method for coating a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier, the method comprising:preparing an external surface of the dental implant abutment, comprising:washing the external surface of the dental implant by a washing solution, the washing solution comprising alcohol; andapplying etching process on the external surface of the dental implant comprising applying a mild acid to the external surface of the dental implant; preparing a polymer solution, comprising:dissolving a biocompatible polymer in a solvent, the biocompatible polymer comprising polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) being 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid, the solvent comprising dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof, a weight of the biocompatible polymer being 10% of a weight of the solvent;adding silver nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the solvent, size of silver nanoparticles being between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers, a weight of silver nanoparticles being between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles being between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles being between 1% and 3% of the weight of the solvent;dispersing the silver nanoparticles and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the solvent by using a magnetic stirrer, an ultrasonic agitator, or a combination thereof; andadding bioactive agents to the solvent, the bioactive agents comprising epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), dexamethasone, or a combination thereof;applying a coating by immersing the dental implant abutment in the polymer solution;withdrawing the dental implant abutment from the polymer solution at a controlled speed, the control speed is 10 mm / min;drying the coating by disposing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 25° Centigrade and 30° Centigrade for a time period between Iminute and 10 minutes;applying a final curing by placing the dental implant abutment at a temperature between 80° Centigrade and 100° Centigrade for a time period between 1 hour and 2 hours; and eliminating microbial contamination from the dental implant abutment comprising sterilizing the dental implant abutment by applying UV radiation to the dental implant abutment.

2. A coating for a dental implant abutment to create a biological barrier, the coating comprising:a solvent with a biocompatible polymer, the biocompatible polymer comprising polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), or a combination thereof, a molar ratio of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) being 50:50 lactic acid to glycolic acid, the solvent comprising dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran / ethanol mixture, or a combination thereof, a weight of the biocompatible polymer being 10% of a weight of the solvent;silver nanoparticles, size of silver nanoparticles being between 10 nanometers and 50 nanometers, a weight of silver nanoparticles being between 0.5% and 2% of the weight of the solvent,titanium dioxide nanoparticles, size of titanium dioxide nanoparticles being between 20 nanometers and 40 nanometers, a weight of titanium dioxide nanoparticles being between 1% and 3% of the weight of the solvent; andbioactive agents, the bioactive agents comprising:growth factors, the growth factors comprising epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), or a combination thereof; and anti-inflammatory drugs, the anti-inflammatory drugs comprising dexamethasone.

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