Control device and control method

Abstract

The present invention pertains to a low-speed control device from among a high-speed control device and a low-speed control device that control a network, the low-speed control device comprising: a generation unit that generates a single message including respective load balancing target values for an uplink and a downlink in the network; and a transmission unit that transmits the message to the high-speed control device.

Description

Control Device and Control Method

[0001] The present invention relates to a control device and a control method in a wireless communication system.

[0002] In 3GPP (Registered Trademark) (3rd Generation Partnership Project), in order to achieve further increases in system capacity, further increases in data transmission speed, further reduction in latency in the wireless section, etc., a wireless communication method called 5G or NR (New Radio) (hereinafter, this wireless communication method will be referred to as "NR") is being studied. In 5G, in order to meet the requirement of achieving a throughput of 10 Gbps or more while reducing the latency in the wireless section to 1 ms or less, various wireless technologies and network architectures are being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).

[0003] Also, various requirements are being studied for the next-generation 6G. For example, these requirements include ultra-wideband communication, mission-critical communication, ultra-massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, ubiquitous sensing, etc.

[0004] In order to achieve these requirements, as a new concept, being extensible (e.g., being able to be used effectively in the future), being easily operable and customizable (e.g., being more easily operable), and being sustainable (e.g., cost reduction, having a more robust configuration, being resilient) are targeted. Also, as guaranteed communication, always ensuring a minimum level of performance is being studied.

[0005] Furthermore, as part of efforts toward RAN intelligence, a logical node is being considered that uses a RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) to automate and optimize the parameter design, setting, and operation of base stations (CU (Central Unit), DU (Distributed Unit)) (for example, Non-Patent Document 3). Since it is a node independent of the base station, various intelligent controls can be implemented simply by updating the RIC software, without any modifications or construction work to the base station software.

[0006] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.7.0 (2023-12) 3GPP TS 38.401 V17.7.0 (2023-12) NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal Vol.30 No.1 (Apr. 2022) O-RAN.WG2.A1GAP-R004-v04.00 A1 interface: General Aspects and Principles

[0007] An A1 policy is a message sent from a Non-RT (Real Time) RIC, which operates with a control cycle of 1 second or more, to a Near-RT RIC, which operates with a control cycle of several tens of milliseconds to about 1 second (see Non-Patent Document 4). An A1 policy may include, for example, the target PRB (Physical Resource Block) utilization rate and candidate cells. However, there were cases where the notification of the A1 policy from the Non-RT RIC to the Near-RT RIC was inefficient.

[0008] This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to improve the efficiency of base station control by RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller).

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, among a high-speed control device and a low-speed control device for controlling a network, the low-speed control device is provided, which includes a generation unit that generates a single message including load balancing target values ​​for the uplink and downlink links in the network, and a transmission unit that transmits the message to the high-speed control device.

[0010] According to the disclosed technology, the efficiency of base station control by RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) can be improved.

[0011] This figure shows an example configuration of a wireless communication system in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates an example of RIC operation (1) in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates traffic steering in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates an example of RIC operation (2) in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates an example of A1 policy in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates an example of policy notification (1) in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure illustrates an example of policy notification (2) in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of a base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of a terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station 10 or terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are examples, and the embodiments to which the present invention is applied are not limited to those described below.

[0013] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiments of the present invention, existing technologies may be used as appropriate. However, such existing technologies include, for example, existing LTE, but are not limited to existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used herein has a broad meaning that includes LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced and later technologies (e.g., NR), unless otherwise specified.

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, terms such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), which are used in existing LTE systems, will be used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc., may be called by other names. Also, the above terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even if a signal is used in NR, it is not necessarily explicitly stated as "NR-".

[0015] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the duplex system may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) system, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) system, or any other system (for example, a Flexible Duplex).

[0016] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" wireless parameters, etc., may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that wireless parameters notified from the base station 10 or terminal 20 are configured.

[0017] Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of a wireless communication system in an embodiment of the present invention. The wireless communication system in the embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, but this is an example, and there may be multiple base stations 10 and terminals 20.

[0018] Base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and communicates wirelessly with terminal 20. The physical resources of the wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or resource blocks. Base station 10 transmits synchronization signals and system information to terminal 20. Synchronization signals are, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. System information is transmitted, for example, in NR-PBCH and is also called broadcast information. Synchronization signals and system information may also be called SSB (SS / PBCH block). As shown in Figure 1, base station 10 transmits control signals or data to terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both base station 10 and terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals using beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can apply MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. Also, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via Carrier Aggregation (CA) through secondary cells (SCell) and primary cells (PCell). Additionally, the terminal 20 may communicate via Dual Connectivity (DC) through the primary cell of base station 10 and the primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell) of another base station 10.

[0019] Terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as a smartphone, mobile phone, tablet, wearable device, or M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in Figure 1, Terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. Terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and performs propagation path quality measurement based on the reception results of said reference signals.

[0020] Furthermore, various requirements are being considered for the next generation of 6G. For example, these requirements may include ultra-broadband communication, mission-critical communication, ultra-massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, and ubiquitous sensing.

[0021] Furthermore, these requirements may include ultra-high-speed communication, large-capacity communication, ultra-wide coverage, ultra-low power consumption, cost reduction, ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability communication, ultra-high connectivity, and sensing.

[0022] To meet these requirements, the new concept aims for extensibility (e.g., making it more effective for future use), ease of operation, customizability (e.g., making it easier to operate), and sustainability (e.g., cost reduction, a more robust configuration, and resilience). Furthermore, guaranteed communication, ensuring a minimum level of performance at all times, is being considered.

[0023] As part of efforts toward RAN intelligence, a logical node is being considered that uses a RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) to automate and optimize the parameter design, configuration, and operation of base stations (O-CU, O-DU) (for example, Non-Patent Document 3). Because it is a node independent of the base station, various intelligent controls can be implemented simply by updating the RIC software, without modifying or constructing the base station software. The connection interface with surrounding nodes of the RIC enables connection between different vendors. Furthermore, various use cases using the RIC are also being investigated.

[0024] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example (1) of RIC operation in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, two types of RICs are defined: Non-RT RIC and Near-RT RIC. The Non-RT RIC is located inside the SMO (Service Management and Orchestration) which performs RAN monitoring, maintenance, and orchestration. The Non-RT RIC is connected to the Near-RT RIC via the A1 interface, and the Near-RT RIC is further connected to E2 nodes such as CU (Central Unit) and DU (Distributed Unit) via the E2 interface. In addition, the E2 nodes and Near-RT RIC are connected to the SMO via the O1 interface. By combining the control interface used and the functional arrangement of AI (Artificial Intelligence) / ML (Machine Learning) based on the RAN architecture, various forms of intelligent control can be realized.

[0025] The Non-RT RIC, in cooperation with the function unit providing OAM (Operation Administration and Maintenance) services within the SMO, collects various data accumulated within the E2 node, such as PM counter (Performance Management counter), FM data (Fault Management data), and TM data (Trace Management data), via the O1 interface from the E2 node. The Non-RT RIC can use AI / ML to reflect optimized configuration parameters, tailored to the wireless environment and traffic load, to the E2 node via the O1 interface. It can also generate policies related to RAN control and notify the Near-RT RIC of these policies via the A1 interface. Control in the Non-RT RIC is performed with a relatively long control cycle of 1 second or more.

[0026] Near-RT RIC can collect information from E2 nodes using the E2 interface and reflect the results of its internal analysis in the control of the E2 nodes according to policies notified by Non-RT RIC. By directly connecting to the E2 node via the E2 interface, Near-RT RIC can perform high-speed control with a control cycle of several tens of milliseconds to about one second.

[0027] In Non-RT RIC, an application called rApp (Non-RT RIC Application) is used to analyze various types of information and generate policies. rApp has an architecture independent of the Non-RT RIC framework and connects to the Non-RT RIC framework via the R1 interface.

[0028] Applications that perform analysis and control of various types of information on the Near-RT RIC framework are called xApps (Near-RT RIC Applications). In Near-RT RIC, the framework and applications are separated and connected by the Near-RT RIC API (Application Programming Interface).

[0029] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating traffic steering in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, Area A has a high load in frequency band 3, Area B has a high load in frequency band 1, and Area C has a high load in frequency band 2. Here, the idea is to distribute the load across the high-load frequency bands.

[0030] The technology described above, which distributes traffic or UE from a congested cell to other cells, other frequency bands, or adjacent areas, is called traffic steering technology. In use case studies, the implementation of traffic steering using RIC is being considered.

[0031] By implementing traffic steering, the cell load in each frequency band in Area A, Area B, and Area C can be leveled, as shown in Figure 4.

[0032] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of RIC operation in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, rApp may acquire a PM counter (Performance Measurements counter) from the CU and DU via the O1 interface between the CU and DU and the Non-RT RIC. For example, the PM counter may be the average DL cell throughput or the average UL cell throughput.

[0033] Through the E2 interface between the CU and DU and the Near-RT RIC, the CU and DU may perform reporting or the xApp may perform queries regarding PRB utilization, MR collection, and frequency information acquisition. Furthermore, through the E2 interface between the CU and DU and the Near-RT RIC, the xApp may perform control actions such as issuing instructions for MR (Measurement Report) collection and HO (Handover) execution.

[0034] The rApp may notify the xApp of an A1 policy via the A1 interface between the Non-RT RIC and the Near-RT RIC. For example, the TargetPrbUsg of a cell may be notified as an A1 policy. TargetPrbUsg is the target PRB utilization rate, where the denominator may be the total number of PRBs in the cell and the numerator may be the number of PRBs specified by prbUsgType, and the range may be from 0 percent to 100 percent. Alternatively, the rApp may notify target candidate cell frequencies as an A1 policy. Cell frequencies may be notified by notifying only one cell for each frequency.

[0035] rApp may calculate TargetPrbUsg based on the PM counter of the O1 interface, generate cell overlay relationships, or issue an A1 policy.

[0036] xApp may perform the following actions: - Obtain the frequency bandwidth of the target candidate cell notified via the A1 interface - Periodically monitor the PRB utilization of each cell - If it exceeds TargetPrbUsg, instruct the UE via the E2 interface to perform measurements on the acquired frequency bandwidth - Determine the UE's offload destination cell based on TargetPrbUsg notified via the A1 interface and the collected information - Instruct HO to execute via the E2 interface

[0037] Here, the A1 policy is a message sent from the Non-RT RIC to the Near-RT RIC.

[0038] Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of A1 policy in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the A1 policy is composed of a scope identifier and one or more policy statements. The scope identifier indicates the target (e.g., UE, QoS flow, cell) to which the policy statement is applied. The policy statement includes the ultimate goals for the Near-RT RIC, policy objectives, and policy resources.

[0039] The policy statement with policy objectives enables the following 1) and 2).

[0040] 1) Optimize the quality of experience for the UE, or explicitly identify it by, for example, a UE identifier or a QoS identifier, or implicitly identify it for a QoS flow that is implicitly identified by, for example, a group identifier of a UE set inferred by the Near-RT RIC. 2) Apply energy saving to one or more cells that are explicitly identified by, for example, a cell identifier, or implicitly identified by a list of identifiers of a cell set inferred by the Near-RT RIC.

[0041] The policy statement with policy resources enables the UE to avoid specific cells and the radio network to optimize specific areas.

[0042] Table 1 shows an example of policy objects.

[0043]

[0044] The policy statement has policy objectives and policy resources. For example, notify the PRB utilization rate targeted by lbObjectives and notify the candidate cells by lbResources.

[0045] In the current specification, a policy indicating the target value of load balancing and the cells available for the target can be notified via the A1 interface.

[0046] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of a policy notification in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, when the Non-RT RIC sets both UL and DL for a certain scope identifier, it is necessary to divide the policy into two or more parts for DL and UL and send them to the Near-RT RIC.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 6, when setting the DL and UL policy objectives for one cell, it is necessary to send two policies for DL and UL. Only one lbObjectives can be set for one policy. Table 2 shows the definition of LbObjectives, which is the data type of the attribute (Attribute name) lbObjectives.

[0048]

[0049] As shown in Table 2, specify DL or UL with PrbUsageType. Only one targetPrbUsage and prbUsageType can be set within lbObjectives. Therefore, when setting the target PRB usage rates for both DL and UL for one cell, it is necessary to create two policies and send the policies twice. Also, when updating or deleting a policy, two signaling times are required.

[0050] Therefore, a message configuration that can send the UL and DL policies together may be adopted. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of a policy notification in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the Non-RT RIC may send the policy to the Near-RT RIC as a policy for DL and UL by combining DL and UL into one policy.

[0051] Thereby, the number of messages between the Non-RT RIC and the Near-RT RIC in the case of policy creation (policy create) and policy update (policy update) can be reduced.

[0052] Table 3 shows an example of LbObjectives in which the targetPrbUsage attribute is divided into DL and UL within LbObjectives.

[0053]

[0054] As shown in Table 3, DL and UL can be combined into a single policy by defining targetPrbUsgDl and prbUsgTypeDL for DL ​​and targetPrbUsgUl and prbUsgTypeUl for UL.

[0055] Table 4 shows an example of a conventional LbResources configuration.

[0056]

[0057] As shown in Table 4, LbResources are not classified into DL and UL. Therefore, LbResources may be configured separately as UL and DL. Table 5 shows an example of configuring LbResources separately as UL and DL.

[0058]

[0059] As shown in Table 5, LbResources can be separated into cellIDListDL and cellIDListUL, and UL and DL can be configured separately.

[0060] Table 6 shows an example of policy configuration (1).

[0061]

[0062] As shown in Table 6, you may set the Cardinality of lbObjectives to 0..2 to allow up to two lbResources to be set. You may also set lbResources to 0..2 to account for the fact that lbResources differ between DL and UL.

[0063] Cardinality may be set to the same number of options that can be specified as Psgtype or PrbUsgtype. Either lbResources may be considered a DL resource, and the other a UL resource. Whether the setting value is DL or UL may be indicated in addition to the Data type.

[0064] Table 7 shows an example of policy configuration (2).

[0065]

[0066] As shown in Table 7, the attributes of a policy object may be separated into UL (lbObjectivesUl, lbResourcesUl) and DL (lbObjectivesDl, lbResourcesDl). Table 7 shows an example where the same Data Type is used for DL ​​and UL. That is, lbObjectivesUl and lbObjectivesDl use the same Data Type LbObjectives. Note that Data Types may be classified and defined separately for DL ​​and UL.

[0067] As described above, when setting policies for UL and DL respectively, the signaling related to policy setting can be made more efficient.

[0068] In other words, it is possible to improve the efficiency of base station control by RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller).

[0069] (Device Configuration) Next, an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 that perform the processing and operations described above will be explained. The base station 10, terminal 20, Non-RT RIC, and Near-RT RIC include the functions to implement the embodiment described above. However, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may each be equipped with only some of the functions in the embodiment. In the following explanation of the functions, the base station 10 will be used as an example, but the Non-RT RIC and Near-RT RIC may similarly operate as network nodes that realize the functions described in the embodiment.

[0070] <Base Station 10> Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 8 is merely an example. Any functional classification and functional unit names are acceptable as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The transmitting unit 110 includes the function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The transmitting unit 110 also transmits inter-network node messages to other network nodes. The receiving unit 120 includes the function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and obtaining information from the received signals, for example, higher layer information. The transmitting unit 110 also has the function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, etc. to the terminal 20. The receiving unit 120 also receives inter-network node messages from other network nodes.

[0072] The configuration unit 130 stores pre-configured configuration information and various configuration information to be transmitted to the terminal 20. The configuration information includes, for example, information related to traffic steering settings.

[0073] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 140 performs control related to the setting of traffic steering. The control unit 140 also performs scheduling. The signal transmission function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the signal reception function unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120.

[0074] <Terminal 20> Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 9, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Figure 9 is merely an example. Any functional classification and functional unit names are acceptable as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] The transmitting unit 210 creates a transmission signal from the transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires signals from higher layers from the received physical layer signals. The receiving unit 220 also has the function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals, etc. transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the transmitting unit 210 transmits PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), etc. to other terminals 20 as D2D communication, and the receiving unit 220 receives PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH or PSBCH, etc. from other terminals 20.

[0076] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 by the receiving unit 220. The setting unit 230 also stores pre-configured setting information. The content of the setting information includes, for example, information related to traffic steering settings.

[0077] The control unit 240 performs control related to the setting of traffic steering, as described in the embodiment. The signal transmission function unit of the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and the signal reception function unit of the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220.

[0078] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (Figures 8 and 9) used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0079] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, judgment, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0080] For example, the base station 10, terminal 20, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The above-mentioned base station 10 and terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0081] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be read as "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0082] Each function in the base station 10 and terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and storage device 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of data reading and writing in the storage device 1002 and auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0083] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, the control unit 140, control unit 240, etc., described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0084] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, or data from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in Figure 8 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Also, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in Figure 9 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and operated by the processor 1001. Although the above-described processes have been explained as being executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may also be transmitted from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0085] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing a communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0086] The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital multipurpose disk, a Blu-ray® disk), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may also be a database, server, or other suitable medium that includes at least one of the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.

[0087] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting and receiving antenna, amplifier section, transmitting and receiving section, transmission path interface, etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving section may be implemented in a physically or logically separated manner, with a transmitting section and a receiving section.

[0088] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0089] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0090] Furthermore, the base station 10 and terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0091] Figure 11 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 11, vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on vehicle 2001, for example, to the communication module 2013.

[0092] The drive unit 2002 consists of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0093] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 installed in the vehicle 2001 are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0094] Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 for sensing motor current, front or rear wheel rotation speed signals acquired by rotation speed sensor 2022, front or rear wheel air pressure signals acquired by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals acquired by shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0095] The Information Service Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The Information Service Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0096] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0097] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via the communication port 2033 between the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0098] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0099] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include the information based on the above input.

[0100] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external device in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2029, etc., provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0101] (Summary of the embodiments)

[0102] The terminal or base station of this embodiment may be configured as a terminal, base station, or network node as described in the following sections. Furthermore, the following communication methods may be implemented.

[0103] (Clause 1) A control device comprising a low-speed control device, among a high-speed control device and a low-speed control device for controlling a network, the low-speed control device comprising a generation unit that generates a single message including target load balancing values ​​for the uplink and downlink in the network, and a transmission unit that transmits the message to the high-speed control device. (Clause 2) The control device according to Clause 1, wherein the control unit sets the attribute of the target PRB (Physical Resource Block) utilization rate included in one policy objective separately for the uplink and downlink and sets it in the message. (Clause 3) The control device according to Clause 1, wherein the control unit sets the attribute of the use of the PRB (Physical Resource Block) included in one policy objective separately for the uplink and downlink and sets it in the message. (Clause 4) The control device according to Clause 1, wherein the control unit sets two policy objectives in the message. (Clause 5) The control device according to Clause 1, wherein the control unit sets an uplink policy objective and a downlink policy objective in the message. (Clause 6) A control method performed by a slow control device among a high-speed control device and a slow control device that control a network, the control device performing a step of generating a single message that includes load balancing target values ​​for the uplink and downlink of the network, and a step of transmitting the message to the high-speed control device.

[0104] Any of the above configurations can improve the efficiency of base station control by the RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller). Furthermore, according to claim 2-5, when setting UL and DL policies, the signaling related to policy setting can be made more efficient.

[0105] (Supplement to Embodiments) Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, substitutions, etc. Specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, but unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention, and matters described in two or more items may be combined as needed, and matters described in one item may be applied to matters described in another item (as long as they do not contradict each other). The boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. The operation of multiple functional units may be physically performed by one part, or the operation of one functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. The processing procedures described in the embodiments may be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For the convenience of explaining the processing, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in any suitable storage medium such as random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or other appropriate storage medium.

[0106] Furthermore, notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, notification of information may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling), broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be called RRC messages, and may be, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0107] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to at least one of the following systems: LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), W-CDMA®, GSM®, CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth®, and other appropriate systems, as well as next-generation systems extended based thereon. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0108] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be reordered, provided they are consistent with each other. For example, the methods described herein present various step elements in an exemplary order and are not limited to that specific order.

[0109] In this specification, specific operations performed by the base station 10 may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 can be performed by the base station 10 and at least one of the other network nodes (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0110] The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0111] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0112] The determination in this disclosure may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0113] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0114] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0115] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0116] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0117] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0118] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0119] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0120] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "base station equipment", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0121] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head (RRH)). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0122] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform control or operation based on the information.

[0123] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0124] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0125] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object, and its speed of movement is arbitrary. This also includes the case when the mobile body is stationary. The mobile body includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted on them. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operation commands. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0126] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the terminals 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0127] Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal described above.

[0128] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), or ascertaining. “Determining” may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering something as having been "judged" or "decided" after some action. Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0129] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0130] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0131] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0132] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0133] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0134] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0135] A wireless frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of these frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0136] Numerical logic may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerical logic may include, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0137] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A slot may also be a time unit based on neurologic.

[0138] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0139] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Different names may be used for each of these terms.

[0140] For example, one subframe may be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0141] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each terminal 20 to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each terminal 20) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0142] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0143] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0144] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a sub slot, a slot, etc.

[0145] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0146] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0147] Furthermore, the time domain of the RB may contain one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0148] One or more RBs may also be called a Physical RB (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0149] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0150] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a particular neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0151] A BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be set within a single carrier for a UE.

[0152] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0153] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0154] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0155] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0156] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0157] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way.

[0158] 10 Base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting unit 140 Control unit 20 Terminal 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting unit 240 Control unit 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device

Claims

1. A control device for controlling a network, comprising a high-speed control device and a low-speed control device, the low-speed control device having a control unit that generates a single message including target values ​​for load balancing of the uplink and downlink links in the network, and a transmission unit that transmits the message to the high-speed control device.

2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit separates the attributes of the target PRB (Physical Resource Block) utilization rate included in one policy objective for the uplink and downlink and sets them in the message.

3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit separates the attributes of the use of a PRB (Physical Resource Block) included in a single policy objective for the uplink and downlink and sets them in the message.

4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit sets two policy objectives in the message.

5. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit sets the policy objectives for the uplink and the policy objectives for the downlink in the message.

6. A control method performed by a slower control device among a high-speed control device and a slower control device that control a network, the control device performing a step of generating a single message that includes load balancing target values ​​for the uplink and downlink links in the network, and a step of transmitting the message to the high-speed control device.

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