Method and apparatus for configuring switching gap

Abstract

Provided are a method by which a first apparatus carries out wireless communication and an apparatus supporting same. The method may comprise the steps of: acquiring distance information related to the first apparatus; transmitting the distance information to a second apparatus; and receiving, from the second apparatus, information related to a switching gap. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be configured on the basis of the distance information.

Description

Method and device for setting a switching gap

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Per device peak data rate 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicle Fully XR Fully Haptic communication Fully

[0005] In one embodiment, a method is provided in which a first device performs wireless communication. The method may include the steps of: acquiring distance information related to the first device; transmitting the distance information to a second device; and receiving information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be set based on the distance information.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit the distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device, based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be configured based on the distance information.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit the distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be configured based on the distance information.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium is provided for recording instructions. When executed, the instructions may cause a first device to: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit said distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, said information related to the switching gap may be set based on said distance information.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 shows an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 shows an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates a support scenario for a sensing service in an ISAC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 shows a switching gap for sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of conveying auxiliary information for setting a switching gap and an occasion according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for performing sensing within a switching gap according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a method in which a first device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 illustrates a method in which a second device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 18 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 19 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0029] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0030] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0031] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0032] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0033] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0034] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0035] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0036] In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaled control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device.

[0037] In the present disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0038] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0039] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device may be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device may be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device may perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device may detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted according to a rule predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0042] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device that are necessary to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0043] In step S105, the first device and the second device may perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device may transmit and / or receive at least one message for the random access procedure (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device may transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device may receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device may transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device may receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0044] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer handling mapping between a logical channel and a transmission channel (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer handling a physical channel (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and / or signaling to indicate allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted through a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0045] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive it. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0046] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at layer 3 can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. To this end, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0047] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. For example, FIG. 2(a) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and FIG. 2(b) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, FIG. 2(c) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for device-to-device communication, and FIG. 2(d) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0048] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using a physical channel. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the MAC (medium access control) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted through a physical channel between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device). For example, the physical channel can be modulated using the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, and time and frequency can be utilized as wireless resources.

[0049] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0050] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three modes of operation: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat requests (ARQ).

[0051] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path provided by the first layer (e.g., physical layer) and the second layer (e.g., MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transfer between a first device and a second device.

[0052] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0053] For example, the establishment of an RB can mean the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting each specific parameter and method of operation. For example, an RB can be divided into two types: an SRB (signaling radio bearer) and a DRB (data radio bearer). For example, an SRB can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0054] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) that transmits system information and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages for a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via a downlink SCH or via a separate multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) that transmits initial control messages and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0055] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 3, radio frames may be used, for example, in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined by subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may contain 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0057] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot may contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot may contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0058] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) according to the SCS setting (u) when Normal CP or Extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) exemplifies.

[0059] CP Type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP 15kHz (u=0) 1410 130kHz (u=1) 1420 260kHz (u=2) 1440 4120kHz (u=3) 1480 8240kHz (u=4) 14160 16 Extended CP 60kHz (u=2) 1240 4

[0060] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured differently among multiple cells merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI (transmit time interval)) composed of the same number of symbols may be configured differently among the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTI, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0061] For example, multiple numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands may be supported, and if the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. For example, if the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0062] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0063] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain and may correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an active BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid and may be mapped to a single complex symbol.

[0064] For example, a BWP can be a continuous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB can be selected from a continuous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0065] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the terminal may not monitor downlink radio link quality on DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the terminal may not receive PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), or CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal) (except for RRM (radio resource management)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not trigger CSI (channel state information) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not transmit PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) or PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) outside of the active UL (uplink) BWP. For example, for the downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a consecutive set of resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, for the uplink, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by the upper layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal fails to detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period, the terminal can switch the active BWP of the terminal to the default BWP.

[0066] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a numbered carrier resource block from one end of the carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0068] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP It can be set by ). For example, point A may be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier where the subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network in that carrier) are aligned. For example, offset may be the PRB interval between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0069] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0070] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0071] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0072] - THz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0073] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0074] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0075] - Optical wireless technology

[0076] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0077] - Quantum communication

[0078] - Cell-free communication

[0079] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0080] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0081] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0082] - Big data analysis

[0083] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0084] - Metaverse

[0085] - blockchain

[0086] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). For example, AAM may include UAM, RAM, UAS, and UAVs (uncrewed aerial vehicles).

[0087] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I).

[0088] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): An NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). The use of NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0089] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0090] - Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS): An RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in a wireless communication environment. For example, an RIS can be composed of many small antennas or metasurfaces arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For instance, an RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or strength of the propagating signal. For instance, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For instance, since an RIS can be reconfigured to suit various environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0091] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on a satellite network, HIBS (high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS)), and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM). For example, to improve coverage, devices such as a satellite network, HIBS, and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0093] Below, the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) mentioned above will be explained in detail.

[0094] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) refers to wireless sensing, a technology that utilizes radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, and distance (range) of objects, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within that environment. Since radio frequency sensing capabilities do not require connecting to objects via devices within a network, they can provide services for object location determination without the need for devices. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection and recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), as well as high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) that enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing may utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service (e.g., sensing operation) may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Thus, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. Specifically, FIG. 8(a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 8(b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0095] The meanings of the terms used in this disclosure may be as follows.

[0096] - ISAC: Integrated Sensing and Communication

[0097] - Sensing signal: A reference signal transmitted and received for sensing

[0098] - Sensing Transmitter (sensing Tx(transmitter)): An entity that transmits a sensing signal

[0099] - Sensing Receiver (sensing Rx(receiver)): An entity that receives a sensing signal

[0100] - Monostatic sensing: Sensing where the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are located together in the same TRP or UE.

[0101] - Bi-static sensing: Sensing where the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver are located in different TRPs or UEs

[0102] - Multi-static sensing: Sensing having multiple sensing transmitters and / or multiple sensing receivers for a sensing target

[0103] - Target object (TO): The object to be detected through sensing

[0104] - Environment object (EO): An object whose location is known, other than the target object.

[0105] - Clutter: Background or objects whose location cannot be determined, excluding the target object and environment object.

[0106] - Sensing RS (reference signal): A reference signal used for measurements for sensing purposes

[0107] - BS-BS Sensing: Sensing in which BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, it may mean BS-BS bi-static sensing operation. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, it may mean BS-BS mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a TRP (transmission and reception point). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 are one or more BSs, it may mean BS-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0108] - BS-UE sensing: Sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a TRP (transmission and reception point). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, it may imply a BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0109] - UE-BS sensing: Sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a TRP (transmission and reception point). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, it may imply a UE-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0110] - UE-UE Sensing: Sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, this may mean a UE-UE bi-static sensing operation. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, this may mean a UE-UE mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a TRP (transmission and reception point). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, this may mean a UE-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0111] - Sensing Device: UE and / or TRP

[0112] - Sensing TX device: A device that transmits a sensing reference signal.

[0113] - Sensing RX device: A device that receives a sensing reference signal.

[0114] - TSA: Target sensing area

[0115] - SMF: Sensing Management Function

[0116] - SF: Sensing function. In an ISAC, this may refer to a network entity that controls and manages the sensing procedures of a UE or TRP. For example, the SF can receive reports on sensing data collected by sensing a UE or TRP and can store such sensing data. Alternatively, for example, it can provide sensing data for a sensing service to a sensing device.

[0117] - Non-3GPP Sensing Data: Sensing data collected by performing sensing based on non-3GPP communication, rather than sensing data collected by performing sensing based on 3GPP communication (e.g., camera data, video data, or data collected by performing sensing based on other RATs (e.g., Wi-Fi)).

[0118] - Third party entity: This may refer to a server device operated by a sensing service operator (e.g., a business operator utilizing / operating sensing data for a sensing service). For example, it may receive and store sensing data for a sensing service from a sensing device. For example, it may provide sensing data for a sensing service to a sensing device.

[0119] - Forward Scatter: It is known that when the bistatic angle approaches 180 degrees, the RCS increases by more than tens of times—for example, by about 30 dB—compared to the monostatic case. This phenomenon can be explained using Babinet's principle. According to Babinet's principle, when a target-shaped hole is drilled in an infinite sheet of perfect conductors, the signal diffracted through that hole must have the same magnitude and opposite phase as the signal diffracting around a perfectly-absorbing target, and the sum of the two signals must be zero. In other words, the forward scatter effect is a result of co-phase disturbances of waves occurring in the target's shadow region. Due to this interference, the field is focused on a line perpendicular to the target's shadow region. In practice, the target's shadow beam exhibits high directional gain on the non-illuminated side of the target.

[0120] - Underlay Sensing Signal Transmission: Underlay sensing signal transmission refers to a communication concept that enables sensing devices participating in a sensing service to communicate simultaneously without affecting signals for existing communication services. It can be designed to avoid interfering with the communication service UE's communication by using low-power signals in the frequency band used by the communication service UE.

[0121] FIG. 9 illustrates a support scenario for a sensing service in an ISAC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0122] Referring to FIG. 9, the six main sensing modes are as follows. Specifically, FIG. 9 (a) represents gNB monostatic. In this case, the same gNB can perform both Tx and Rx roles. FIG. 9 (b) represents gNB bistatic. In this case, one gNB can perform the Tx role and the other gNB can perform the Rx role. FIG. 9 (c) represents gNB-to-UE bistatic. In this case, the gNB can perform the Tx role and the UE can perform the Rx role. FIG. 9 (d) represents UE-to-gNB bistatic. In this case, the UE can perform the Tx role and the gNB can perform the Rx role. FIG. 9 (e) represents UE monostatic. In this case, the same UE can perform both Tx and Rx roles. Figure 9 (f) represents a bi-static UE. In this case, one UE can perform the Tx role and another UE can perform the Rx role.

[0123] Meanwhile, in conventional communication (e.g., NR Uu or NR sidelink), the sensing procedure of a device (e.g., terminal or base station) was not considered a service. However, since the primary purpose of an ISAC service is to rapidly detect and distinguish a target object through sensing, it is necessary to classify the sensing procedure (or behavior) as a service that must satisfy a QoS requirement (e.g., sensing latency: the time taken from a terminal triggering the sensing procedure to receiving the sensing result of the target object from a receiving terminal, or sensing accuracy, etc.). For example, in ISAC, the sensing behavior of a device (e.g., terminal, base station, or SMF (sensing management function)) can be considered a service that must satisfy the ISAC sensing QoS requirement, and the terminal can perform a sensing behavior based on that sensing QoS (e.g., transmitting a sensing reference signal and / or receiving a sensing reference signal).

[0124] For example, sensing in ISAC can be considered as a higher-layer service that must satisfy sensing QoS (or sensing quality) based on sensing results, and a new QoS for ISAC sensing services (e.g., SQFI (Sensing QoS Flow ID)) can be defined as follows.

[0125] - SQFI(Sensing QoS Flow ID)

[0126] - SQFI 1 to 8: For example, they can be distinguished according to the level of sensing QoS requirements. For example, sensing QoS requirements may include sensing accuracy, sensing latency (e.g., the latency boundary from sensing triggering to receiving the sensing result), or sensing priority (e.g., a priority that can be used to determine which sensing service is opened first based on priority when multiple sensing procedures are required). For example, a smaller (or higher) SQFI value may be defined as a sensing service with tighter QoS requirements (e.g., a sensing service requiring high sensing accuracy, or a sensing service requiring low / lower / lowest sensing latency).

[0127] In addition, ISAC defines terminal and TRP (or base station) operations to support sensing services such as detection, localization, and tracking.

[0128] For example, the sensing QoS for ISAC services (detection, localization, tracking, etc.) may be as follows.

[0129] - Detection QoS: Detection probability, false alarm probability

[0130] - Localization QoS: Localization of the static objects, QoS parameter of localization (e.g., time delay, AoA (angle of arrival))

[0131] - Tracking QoS: Tracking changes in the state of a moving target (e.g., vehicle or drone) (range, angle, velocity, etc.)

[0132] Meanwhile, a shortage of wireless resources (e.g., transmission resources) may occur in order to simultaneously support communication services and sensing services. Specifically, for example, the conventional TX-RX switching gap is a period used to prevent interference between transmitted and received signals, during which no actual transmission or reception of communication signals takes place. In this case, for instance, since the TX-RX switching gap occurs periodically, if it accumulates, a portion of the total time / frequency resources may remain unused. Consequently, the efficiency of available time resources within the same bandwidth decreases, which can reduce the overall system's time resource utilization efficiency. Alternatively, for example, if monitoring of sensing signals is not performed during the TX-RX switching period according to conventional technology, detection of sensing signals reflected by high-speed moving objects or nearby reflectors may fail, thereby reducing sensing reliability. Therefore, it is necessary for the ISAC to efficiently manage and configure bandwidth resources to ensure that resources for both communication and sensing services are used efficiently without shortage.

[0133] In the present disclosure, a method and an apparatus supporting the same are proposed for increasing frequency usage efficiency by enabling the TX-RX (or RX-TX) switching gap interval symbol to be used for sensing (e.g., transmitting a sensing reference signal or receiving a sensing reference signal) for spectral efficiency in ISAC.

[0134] For example, in order to support sensing in the SF (Sensing Function), an occasion that can be used for sensing can be set in a symbol within the TX-RX (or RX-TX) switching gap and transmitted to a base station or a sensing TX device (e.g., a device transmitting a sensing reference signal) or a sensing RX device (e.g., a device receiving a sensing reference signal). Additionally, for example, the base station can transmit an indication to the sensing TX device or the sensing RX device via physical channel signaling (e.g., a physical channel signal or a MAC CE or RRC message) instructing them to perform a sensing operation at an occasion for a sensing operation (e.g., transmitting a sensing reference signal or receiving a sensing reference signal) set in the switching gap interval. In addition, for example, a sensing TX device may transmit an indication to a sensing RX device via physical channel signaling (e.g., a physical channel signal or MAC CE or RRC message) instructing the device to perform a sensing operation at an occasion for a sensing operation (e.g., receiving a sensing reference signal) set during a switching gap period.

[0135] The switching gap proposed in the present disclosure may be a "communication TX-communication RX (or, communication RX-communication TX)" switching gap for a communication service. Or, for example, it may be a "sensing TX-sensing RX (or, sensing RX-sensing TX)" switching gap for a sensing service. Or, for example, it may be a "communication TX-sensing RX (or, sensing RX-communication TX)" switching gap. Or, for example, it may be a "sensing TX-communication RX (or, communication RX-sensing TX)" switching gap.

[0136] FIG. 10 illustrates a switching gap for sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 10, one or more symbols within the RX-TX switching gap interval for a communication service (or sensing service, or communication service and sensing service) may be used for the purpose of sensing. For example, at a sensing occasion set within the RX-TX switching gap interval, a sensing device may transmit and receive a sensing reference signal.

[0138] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of conveying auxiliary information for setting a switching gap and an occasion according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0139] Referring to FIG. 11, a sensing function (SF) (or base station, or core network entity) can set a TX-RX (or RX-TX) switching gap and a sensing TX occasion (or sensing RX occasion) based on distance information between a TX device (e.g., a sensing TX device or a communication TX device) and an RX device (e.g., a sensing RX device or a communication RX device). In step S1110, the device (e.g., a sensing TX device or a sensing RX device or a communication TX device or a communication RX device) can measure the distance between the TX device and the RX device as auxiliary information. In step S1120, the device (e.g., a sensing TX device or a sensing RX device or a communication TX device or a communication RX device) may report the measured distance information between the TX device and the RX device to the SF (sensing function) or network (e.g., a base station (e.g., a gNB) or a core network entity). In step S1130, the SF (sensing function) or network may set an appropriate RX-TX (or TX-RX) switching gap and TX / RX occasion of the sensing reference signal based on the distance between the TX device and the RX device. In step S1140, the sensing device can perform a sensing operation (e.g., transmitting a sensing reference signal or monitoring and receiving a sensing reference signal) at a sensing occasion within the switching gap based on the switching gap and sensing occasion setting information set by the SF (sensing function).

[0140] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a sensing occasion within a switching gap (e.g., an occasion for a sensing TX or sensing RX operation) may be configured based on distance information between a sensing TX device (or a sensing RX device) and a target sensing area or a target object. In this case, for example, a sensing device (e.g., a sensing TX device or a sensing RX device) may measure the distance to the target sensing area or a target object and report the distance information to the target sensing area or a target object as auxiliary information to a base station or a sensing function (SF) (or a core network entity).

[0141] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a sensing occasion (e.g., an occasion for a sensing TX or sensing RX operation) within a switching gap may be set based on distance information from "sensing TX device - target sensing area (or, target object) - sensing RX device". In this case, for example, a sensing device (e.g., a sensing TX device or a sensing RX device) may measure the distance from "sensing TX device - target sensing area (or, target object) - sensing RX device" and report the distance information from "sensing TX device - target sensing area (or, target object) - sensing RX device" to a base station or a sensing function (SF) (or a core network entity) as auxiliary information.

[0142] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for performing sensing within a switching gap according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0143] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, a sensing entity supporting ISAC can measure a distance associated with the sensing entity. For example, if the sensing entity is a sensing transmitter, the distance associated with the sensing entity may include the distance between the sensing transmitter and the sensing receiver, the distance between the sensing transmitter and a target sensing area or target object, or the distance between the sensing receiver and a target sensing area or target object. In step S1220, the sensing entity can report information associated with the measured distance to a base station or a sensing function (SF). In step S1230, the sensing entity can receive information associated with a switching gap from the base station or the SF. For example, the switching gap may be set based on information associated with the distance measured by the sensing entity. For example, the length of the switching gap may be set based on the distance associated with the sensing entity. Alternatively, for example, the transmission and reception of a sensing signal may be configured to be allowed within a switching gap based on the distance associated with the sensing entity being within a threshold. Alternatively, for example, an occasion for sensing may be configured within a switching gap based on the distance associated with the sensing entity being within a threshold. For example, the sensing entity may be configured to perform sensing within the corresponding switching gap based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between each interval in which the sensing entity performs transmission or reception related to communication. Alternatively, for example, the sensing entity may be configured to perform additional sensing within the corresponding switching gap based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between each interval in which the sensing entity performs transmission (e.g., transmission of a sensing signal or transmission of sensing data) or reception (e.g., reception of a sensing signal or reception of sensing data) related to sensing.In step S1240, the sensing entity can perform transmission and reception of a sensing signal at a sensing occasion set within the switching gap based on information related to the switching gap received in step S1230 described above.

[0144] The embodiment(s) of the present disclosure can be extended and applied to all six sensing scenarios of FIG. 9 described above.

[0145] For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of this disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically to resource pools (or differently or independently). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of this disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically to congestion levels (or differently or independently). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of this disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically to service priorities or service types (or differently or independently). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of this disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically to QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability) or QoS profiles or PQIs (or differently or independently). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a traffic type (e.g., periodic or non-periodic generated traffic). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a sidelink transmission resource allocation mode (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports sidelink DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating that the service does not support DRX operation).

[0146] For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set regarding whether PUCCH setting is supported (e.g., when a PUCCH resource is set or when a PUCCH resource is not set). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set regarding resource pools (e.g., resource pools where PSFCH is set or resource pools where PSFCH is not set). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set regarding the type and / or priority of a service or packet. For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a QoS profile or QoS requirements (e.g., URLLC / EMBB traffic, reliability, latency). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a PQI (PC5 QoS indicator). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to a PFI (packet flow identifier). For example, whether the (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to the resource pool congestion level (e.g., CBR). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to SL HARQ feedback methods (e.g., NACK-only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to HARQ feedback enabled MAC PDU transmissions and / or HARQ feedback disabled MAC PDU transmissions. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applied and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to whether PUCCH-based SL HARQ feedback reporting behavior is enabled. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applied and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to whether pre-emption and / or re-evaluation are performed (or whether resource re-selection based thereon). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applied and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to the (L2 or L1) source identifier and / or destination identifier. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) based on the combination of the (L2 or L1) source layer ID and destination layer ID.For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) according to the combination of the pair of (L2 or L1) source / destination layer IDs and the cast type. For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) according to the direction of the pair of source layer IDs and destination layer IDs. For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) according to the establishment of a PC5 RRC connection or link. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) based on whether SL DRX is performed or whether SL DRX is supported. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) based on the SL mode type (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) based on whether periodic or non-periodic resource reservation is performed.

[0147] For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to SL groupcast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK-only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback, transmit / receive distance-based NACK-only feedback). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to SL Mode 1 CG types (e.g., SL CG Type 1 or SL CG Type 2). For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to SL link configuration. For example, whether the proposed methods / rules of (some) of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to the connection state between the terminal and the base station (e.g., RRC connected state, idle state, inactive state). For example, whether the proposed methods / rules of (some) of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to the SL HARQ process identifier (ID). For example, whether the proposed methods / rules of (some) of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) to whether the transmitting terminal (Tx UE) or receiving terminal (Rx UE) performs an SL DRX operation. For example, whether the (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure apply and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the transmitting or receiving terminal has a power saving function enabled (whether it is a power saving UE).For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when PSFCH transmission (TX) and PSFCH reception (RX) overlap from the perspective of a specific terminal. For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when there are multiple PSFCH transmissions exceeding the UE capability. For example, the applicability of (some) proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when PSFCH transmission and / or reception are omitted. For example, whether the (some) proposed method / rule of the present disclosure applies and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be specifically (or differently or independently) set when the receiving terminal (Rx UE) actually or successfully receives PSCCH and / or PSSCH (re)transmission from the transmitting terminal (Tx UE).

[0148] The applicability of the proposals and proposal rules of the present disclosure (and / or related parameter setting values) may also apply to mmWave SL operations.

[0149] FIG. 13 illustrates a method in which a first device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0150] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, the first device can obtain distance information related to the first device. In step S1320, the first device can transmit the distance information to the second device. In step S1330, the first device can receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, the information related to the switching gap can be set based on the distance information.

[0151] For example, the length of the switching gap can be set based on the distance information.

[0152] For example, distance information related to the first device may include information related to the distance between the first device that transmits a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object and a third device that receives a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or the target object.

[0153] For example, distance information related to the first device may include information related to the distance between the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object and the target sensing area or the target object.

[0154] For example, based on the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object, distance information related to the first device may include information related to the distance between a third device receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or the target object and the target sensing area or the target object.

[0155] For example, distance information related to the first device may include information related to the sum of (i) the distance between the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or target object and the target sensing area or target object, and (ii) the distance between the target sensing area or target object and a third device receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or target object.

[0156] Additionally, for example, the first device may receive information from the second device instructing it to perform sensing of a target sensing area or a target object within the switching gap interval.

[0157] Additionally, for example, the first device may transmit information to a third device instructing it to perform sensing of a target sensing area or a target object within the switching gap interval.

[0158] For example, within the switching gap, transmission or reception of the sensing signal of the first device may be performed.

[0159] For example, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between a section where transmission related to communication of the first device is performed and a section where reception related to communication of the first device is performed, an occasion for sensing can be set within the switching gap.

[0160] For example, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between a section where transmission related to the first sensing of the first device is performed and a section where reception related to the first sensing of the first device is performed, an occupancy for the second sensing can be set within the switching gap.

[0161] For example, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between the interval where communication of the first device is performed and the interval where first sensing of the first device is performed, an occupancy for second sensing can be set within the switching gap.

[0162] For example, the switching gap may include at least one symbol.

[0163] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, a processor (102) of a first device (100) may obtain distance information related to the first device. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may control a transceiver (106) to transmit the distance information to a second device. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may control a transceiver (106) to receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be set based on the distance information.

[0164] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit said distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device, based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, said information related to the switching gap may be configured based on said distance information.

[0165] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit the distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, the information related to the switching gap may be configured based on the distance information.

[0166] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the first device may: acquire distance information related to the first device; transmit said distance information to a second device; and receive information related to a switching gap from the second device. For example, said information related to the switching gap may be set based on said distance information.

[0167] FIG. 14 illustrates a method in which a second device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0168] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the second device may receive distance information related to the first device from the first device. In step S1420, the second device may set a switching gap based on the distance information. In step S1430, the second device may transmit information related to the switching gap to the first device.

[0169] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control a transceiver (206) to receive distance information related to the first device from the first device. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may set a switching gap based on the distance information. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control a transceiver (206) to transmit information related to the switching gap to the first device.

[0170] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the second device, based on execution by the at least one processor, to: receive distance information related to the first device from the first device; set a switching gap based on the distance information; and transmit information related to the switching gap to the first device.

[0171] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the second device, based on execution by the at least one processor, to: receive distance information related to the first device from the first device; set a switching gap based on the distance information; and transmit information related to the switching gap to the first device.

[0172] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the second device may: receive distance information related to the first device from the first device; set a switching gap based on the distance information; and transmit information related to the switching gap to the first device.

[0173] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a sensing device can perform sensing within a switching gap and can set the switching gap based on distance information related to the sensing device. In this case, for example, by utilizing the TX-RX switching gap section, which was previously kept in an inactive state, for sensing, sensing can be performed without additional wireless resource allocation, thereby increasing the efficiency of time / frequency resource utilization. Alternatively, for example, by setting the length of the switching gap or whether to perform sensing within the switching gap (or whether to set a sensing occupancy) according to the distance between the sensing entity and the target, reflected signals from a near-field target or a high-speed moving object can be stably detected. Alternatively, for example, by dynamically adjusting the length of the switching gap or whether to perform sensing (or whether to set a sensing occupancy) based on distance information, unnecessary sensing operations can be minimized and energy efficiency can be improved. Alternatively, for example, since resources for communication and resources for sensing can be efficiently shared without conflict, the concurrency and quality (e.g., QoS) of communication services and sensing services can be improved.

[0174] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another.

[0175] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0176] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0177] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0178] FIG. 15 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0179] Referring to FIG. 15, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0180] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0181] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0182] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0183] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0184] Referring to FIG. 16, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 15.

[0185] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0186] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0187] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0188] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0189] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0190] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0191] FIG. 17 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0192] Referring to FIG. 17, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 17 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. The hardware elements of FIG. 17 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 16, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 16.

[0193] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 17. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0194] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0195] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0196] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 17. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 16) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0197] FIG. 18 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-example / service (see FIG. 15). The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0198] Referring to FIG. 18, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 16 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 16. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 16. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0199] The additional element (140) can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 15, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 15, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 15, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 15, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 15, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 15, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 15, 400), a base station (Fig. 15, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices can be used in a movable or fixed location depending on the use—e.g., service.

[0200] In FIG. 18, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least partially connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be connected via a wire, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0201] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 18 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0202] FIG. 19 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0203] Referring to FIG. 19, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 18.

[0204] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0205] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0206] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

1. Regarding the method, A first device acquires distance information related to the first device; The first device transmits the distance information to the second device; and The first device comprises the step of receiving information related to a switching gap from the second device; wherein A method in which information related to the above switching gap is set based on the above distance information.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the length of the switching gap is set based on the distance information.

3. In Paragraph 1, A method comprising distance information related to the first device, wherein the distance information includes information related to the distance between the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object and a third device receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or the target object.

4. In Paragraph 1, A method comprising distance information related to the first device, wherein the distance information related to the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object includes information related to the distance between the first device and the target sensing area or the target object.

5. In Paragraph 1, A method based on the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or a target object, wherein distance information related to the first device includes information related to the distance between a third device receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or the target object and the target sensing area or the target object.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method comprising distance information related to the first device, wherein the distance information includes (i) the distance between the first device transmitting a sensing signal to a target sensing area or target object and the target sensing area or target object, and (ii) the sum of the distances between the target sensing area or target object and a third device receiving a sensing signal reflected by the target sensing area or target object.

7. In Paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of the first device receiving information from the second device instructing it to perform sensing of a target sensing area or a target object within the switching gap interval.

8. In Paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of the first device transmitting information to a third device instructing the third device to perform sensing of a target sensing area or a target object within the switching gap interval.

9. In Paragraph 1, A method in which transmission or reception of a sensing signal of the first device is performed within the switching gap.

10. In Paragraph 1, A method in which an occasion for sensing is set within the switching gap, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between a section where transmission related to communication of the first device is performed and a section where reception related to communication of the first device is performed.

11. In Paragraph 1, A method in which an occupancy for a second sensing is established within the switching gap, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between a section where transmission related to the first sensing of the first device is performed and a section where reception related to the first sensing of the first device is performed.

12. In Paragraph 1, A method in which an occupancy for a second sensing is set within the switching gap, based on the fact that the switching gap is a gap between a section where communication of the first device is performed and a section where the first sensing of the first device is performed.

13. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the switching gap comprises at least one symbol.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The first device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: To obtain distance information related to the first device above; Transmitting the above distance information to a second device; and Information related to a switching gap is received from the second device, A first device, wherein information related to the switching gap is set based on the distance information.

15. In a processing device configured to control a first device, At least one processor; and The first device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: To obtain distance information related to the first device above; Transmitting the above distance information to a second device; and Information related to a switching gap is received from the second device, A processing device in which information related to the above switching gap is set based on the above distance information.

16. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, When executed, the above instructions cause the first device: To obtain distance information related to the first device above; Transmitting the above distance information to a second device; and Information related to a switching gap is received from the second device, A non-transient computer-readable storage medium in which information related to the switching gap is set based on the distance information.

17. Regarding the method, A step in which a second device receives distance information related to the first device from the first device; The second device sets a switching gap based on the distance information; and A method comprising the step of the second device transmitting information related to the switching gap to the first device.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The second device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: Receiving distance information related to the first device from the first device; Setting a switching gap based on the above distance information; and A second device that transmits information related to the switching gap to the first device.

19. In a processing device configured to control a second device, At least one processor; and The second device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: Receiving distance information related to the first device from the first device; Setting a switching gap based on the above distance information; and A processing device that transmits information related to the switching gap to the first device.

20. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, When executed, the above commands cause the second device: Receiving distance information related to the first device from the first device; Setting a switching gap based on the above distance information; and A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that transmits information related to the switching gap to the first device.

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