Method and apparatus for utilizing onboard idle resources

Abstract

Provided are a method by which a first device performs wireless communication and an apparatus supporting same. The method may comprise the steps of: determining whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; on the basis of the determination to provide the computing resource, transmitting first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource; and on the basis of the first information, providing the computing resource to a second device.

Description

Method and device for utilizing onboard idle resources

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Per device peak data rate 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicle Fully XR Fully Haptic communication Fully

[0005] In one embodiment, a method is provided in which a first device performs wireless communication. The method may include: a step of determining whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; a step of transmitting first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource based on the decision to provide the computing resource; and a step of providing the computing resource to a second device based on the first information.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: determine whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; based on the decision to provide the computing resource, transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource; and based on the first information, provide the computing resource to a second device.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: determine whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource based on the decision to provide the computing resource; and, based on the first information, cause the first device to provide the computing resource to a second device.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium is provided for recording instructions. When the instructions are executed, the first device may: determine whether to provide the computing resources of the first device; transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the available time of the computing resources based on the decision to provide the computing resources; and provide the computing resources to a second device based on the first information.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for utilizing onboard idle resources according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates a method for a vehicle to provide / assign onboard resources of the vehicle to a user and / or a relay, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a method in which a relay provides / allocates onboard resources of a vehicle to a user according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates a method in which a first device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates a method in which a second device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0024] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0025] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0026] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0027] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0028] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0029] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0030] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0031] In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaled control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device.

[0032] In the present disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0033] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications), GPRS (general packet radio service), and EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0034] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0035] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device may be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device may be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device may perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device may detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted according to a rule predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0037] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device that are necessary to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0038] In step S105, the first device and the second device may perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device may transmit and / or receive at least one message for the random access procedure (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device may transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device may receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device may transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device may receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0039] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer handling mapping between a logical channel and a transmission channel (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer handling a physical channel (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and / or signaling to indicate allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted through a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0040] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive it. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0041] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at layer 3 can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. To this end, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0042] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. For example, FIG. 2(a) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and FIG. 2(b) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, FIG. 2(c) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for device-to-device communication, and FIG. 2(d) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0043] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using a physical channel. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the MAC (medium access control) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted through a physical channel between different physical layers (e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device). For example, the physical channel can be modulated using the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, and time and frequency can be utilized as wireless resources.

[0044] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0045] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three modes of operation: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat requests (ARQ).

[0046] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path provided by the first layer (e.g., physical layer) and the second layer (e.g., MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transfer between a first device and a second device.

[0047] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0048] For example, the establishment of an RB can mean the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting each specific parameter and method of operation. For example, an RB can be divided into two types: an SRB (signaling radio bearer) and a DRB (data radio bearer). For example, an SRB can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0049] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) that transmits system information and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages for a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via a downlink SCH or via a separate multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) that transmits initial control messages and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0050] FIG. 3 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0051] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0052] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0053] - THz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0054] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0055] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0056] - Optical wireless technology

[0057] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0058] - Quantum communication

[0059] - Cell-free communication

[0060] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0061] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0062] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0063] - Big data analysis

[0064] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0065] - Metaverse

[0066] - blockchain

[0067] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). For example, AAM may include UAM, RAM, UAS, and UAVs (uncrewed aerial vehicles).

[0068] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I).

[0069] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): An NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). The use of NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0070] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0071] - Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS): An RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in a wireless communication environment. For example, an RIS can be composed of many small antennas or metasurfaces arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For instance, an RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or strength of the propagating signal. For instance, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For instance, since an RIS can be reconfigured to suit various environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0072] Meanwhile, as the performance of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) improves in the automotive industry, there is a shift from combinations of distributed individual ECUs to integrated high-performance central ECUs (e.g., High Performance Computers (HPCs)). Simultaneously, there is active interest and development in Software Defined Vehicles (SDVs), which define and control vehicle functions through software. While conventional vehicles were designed with a focus on hardware (e.g., mechanical control), SDVs integrate internal and external systems into software, enabling flexible control of various functions such as autonomous driving, infotainment, and driver assistance systems. Similar to smartphones, this offers the advantage of continuously improving functionality through software updates and upgrades, and is expected to play a significant role in future mobility, particularly in autonomous vehicles. In other words, SDVs equipped with a high-performance central HPC will be able to more easily provide consumers with continuous performance improvements and new features through software updates and upgrades, without altering the vehicle's mechanical components (e.g., chassis, drivetrain, braking system, steering system, exterior, etc.). For instance, this enables capabilities that provide vehicle users (e.g., drivers, passengers) with continuously enhanced safety, convenience, and mobility at a low cost.

[0073] Meanwhile, when ECUs that previously existed separately for each function or software in conventional vehicles are integrated into a single central ECU in SDVs to execute various functions and software, the computing power required of the central ECU (e.g., computation, memory, power, etc.) may increase. Furthermore, the computing power required by continuously updated or upgraded functions and software will also rise. For instance, implementing an SDV may require onboard units with increased computing power (e.g., HPC) and peripherals (e.g., power supply, battery, cooling system, HMI). For instance, automotive HPCs must be designed to safely and simultaneously execute high-performance functions and software, such as real-time data processing for autonomous driving and / or the Battery Management System (BMS) of electronic vehicles. While equipping a vehicle with onboard units and peripherals that meet these requirements entails high costs, the actual operating time of these onboard units and peripherals within the vehicle may be extremely limited. For example, while the average operating time of a vehicle can vary significantly depending on driving patterns, the purpose of vehicle use, and regional characteristics, the typical operating time is estimated to be an average of 1 to 2 hours per day for personal vehicles and 10 to 12 hours per day for commercial vehicles. Furthermore, for vehicles that require charging (e.g., EVs, Plugged Hybrids), operating time may be even more limited as driving is impossible during charging. For instance, the advancement of SDVs requires high-performance, high-cost onboard units and peripherals, but the time available for their use is limited; consequently, it can be pointed out that a significant amount of resources is wasted during the downtime of vehicles equipped with high-performance computing resources.

[0074] In summary, conventional technology equips vehicles with high-performance onboard units and peripherals to support autonomous driving or SDV-based functions; however, the actual time during which these onboard resources are utilized is limited by factors such as vehicle operation time or charging time. Consequently, a problem may arise where high-performance onboard resources remain idle and unused for a significant period, such as during non-operational periods. Alternatively, for example, conventional technology may have limitations in that it adopts a structure where high-performance and high-cost onboard resources are built independently at the vehicle level, thereby continuously requiring the same level of hardware investment costs despite low actual resource utilization rates.

[0075] In the present disclosure, a method for providing and using onboard idle resources or surplus resources of a vehicle and an apparatus supporting the same are proposed.

[0076] For example, if the computing resources of the vehicle's onboard unit are idle due to the vehicle's non-operation, the vehicle's onboard resources can be provided to a relay or user. Here, 'vehicle onboard unit' may include computing devices such as high-performance ECUs (Electronic Control Units) or HPCs (High Performance Computers) and their peripheral devices (e.g., electronic and electrical devices including power and communication), and 'computing resources' may include all components and information necessary to execute vehicle functions / software, including computing devices (e.g., CPU (Central Processing Unit), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)), storage devices (e.g., RAM (Random Access Memory), Cache, ROM (Read-Only Memory), SSD (Solid-State Drive), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), Flash memory)), power (e.g., battery, power device), development environment / platform (e.g., digital twin, simulation tool), information / data (e.g., traffic information, database), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) models.

[0077] For example, the proposal of the present disclosure may include a series of processes including (1) an operation in which a vehicle checks the idle state of the vehicle's onboard resources and decides to provide resources, (2) an operation of exchanging information between a provider and a relay / user to provide the vehicle's onboard resources, (3) an operation of providing the vehicle's onboard resources to the relay / user, and (4) an operation of deciding to stop providing the vehicle's onboard resources.

[0078] For example, if the vehicle satisfies the specific conditions below, it may determine that some or all of the vehicle's onboard resources are available idle resources and decide to provide the vehicle's onboard resources to a relay / user.

[0079] - When the vehicle is planned or anticipated to be out of operation for a certain period of time or longer (e.g., parking, maintenance, charging, etc.)

[0080] - When the use / consumption of the vehicle's onboard resources is planned or predicted to be unused or below a threshold (e.g., charging, vehicle monitoring, software updates, anti-theft, log data uploads, etc.)

[0081] For example, if it is determined that it is possible to provide the vehicle's onboard idle resources, a decision can be made to provide the vehicle's onboard resources to a relay / user. For example, in the operation of checking the idle state of the vehicle's onboard resources, the vehicle can identify the idle or redundant state of the vehicle's onboard units by analyzing and predicting vehicle user (e.g., driver) and vehicle operation plans (e.g., charging, travel, application usage, etc.). Alternatively, for example, a vehicle system including a management system can predict the idle or redundant state of onboard resources through AI / ML learning based on vehicle and driver driving patterns, battery charge status, navigation, and user experience (e.g., UX) data including IoT. For example, a decision can be made to provide the vehicle's onboard resources to a relay / user based on planned and / or predicted values.

[0082] For example, when it is decided to provide a vehicle's onboard idle / surplus resources to a relay or user, information exchange between the provider and the relay / user is required for the vehicle to provide the onboard resources to the relay / user, and standardized protocols and interfaces may be required for this purpose. For example, to provide the vehicle's onboard resources, the information exchanged between the provider (e.g., vehicle) and the relay / user may include one or more of the following.

[0083] For example, information related to a provider (e.g., vehicle) and / or an intermediary / user may be transmitted or received. In this case, for example, the following details may be included.

[0084] - Identifier

[0085] - Type (e.g., supplier or requester)

[0086] Alternatively, information related to the types and specifications of resources that a provider (e.g., vehicle) can provide to an intermediary / user (e.g., operation type and complexity, operation time constraints) and / or the types and specifications of resources that the intermediary / user requests from the vehicle may be transmitted or received. In this case, for example, the following details may be included.

[0087] - Computational units (e.g., CPU, GPU, ASIC, FPGA) and / or storage devices (e.g., RAM, cache, ROM, SSD, HDD, flash memory): Computation type and complexity (e.g., CPU-intensive, whether GPU acceleration is required, etc.), CPU, GPU (e.g., required number of cores and performance level, etc.), memory (e.g., memory capacity required for the task, etc.), storage (e.g., storage capacity required for data storage and access, whether to choose SSD or HDD, etc.)

[0088] - Power: Wired power supply, battery

[0089] - Network bandwidth (e.g., required network bandwidth if there is a lot of network-based work, data transfer rate, latency, PLR (Packet Loss Rate), PER (Packet Error Rate), throughput, jitter, etc.)

[0090] - Specific platform or development environment (e.g., cloud platform, specific API, software, etc.)

[0091] Alternatively, information may be transmitted or received regarding, for example, the time (e.g., period, schedule) or computational amount (e.g., amount of data to be processed) during which a provider (e.g., vehicle) can provide onboard resources to a relay / user, and / or the usage time (e.g., period, schedule) and / or computational amount (e.g., amount of data to be processed) of onboard resources requested by the relay / user from the provider (e.g., vehicle). In this case, for example, the following details may be included.

[0092] - Time (e.g., period, schedule): Task duration, task start and end times

[0093] - Computational load (e.g., amount of data to process)

[0094] Alternatively, for example, the message format may be as shown in Table 2 below.

[0095] IE (Information Element) Sub-field Entity Information ID Type (Offered or required) Onboard Resource HPC (High Performance Computer) - Specifications (e.g., CPU, GPU, Memory, Storage) - Status (e.g., Availability) Power - Specifications (e.g., Battery, Wired Power Supply) - Status (e.g., Availability) Communication / Network QoS - Data transmission rate - Latency - Packet loss rate - Packet error rate - Throughput - Jitter (Offered or required) Period or resource amount Working time period Working time schedule Total working throughput

[0096] For example, when vehicle onboard resources are identified as idle resources and provided, the actions taken by a user to utilize the provided resources may be as follows. For instance, resources provided by a provider (e.g., a vehicle) may be supplied directly to the user or to a user (e.g., another vehicle, an individual, a company, a server, etc.) through an intermediary (e.g., a distributed computing platform / middleware, a vehicle OEM server). For instance, a user may perform the following actions by utilizing the provided onboard resources.

[0097] - Big Data Processing / Analysis / Management / Storage

[0098] - AI / ML model training

[0099] - Content rendering (e.g., 3D animation rendering or high-resolution image processing in the film and game industries)

[0100] - Simulation (e.g., modeling, digital twin, real-time data analysis)

[0101] - Blockchain (e.g., distributed data storage, cryptocurrency mining)

[0102] - Offloading other vehicle functions / software

[0103] For example, the vehicle or the user may decide to stop providing the vehicle's onboard resources when certain conditions are reached. For example, the provision of the vehicle's onboard idle resources may be stopped when at least one of the following conditions is met.

[0104] - When stopped at the request of a vehicle user (e.g., driver, passenger, OEM server)

[0105] - When the vehicle user is expected or perceived to be returning near the vehicle

[0106] - When vehicle operation is planned or anticipated

[0107] - When the vehicle's planned parking time is about to expire

[0108] - When the vehicle is fully charged

[0109] - When the status of the vehicle's onboard resources (e.g., HPC, battery, etc.) is unavailable or unstable

[0110] - If stopped by a request from a relay / user

[0111] - When the user's task is completed

[0112] - If the results processed by the vehicle's onboard resources do not satisfy the requirements of the relay / user (e.g., computation speed, latency, communication, computation results, etc.)

[0113] For example, the proposal of the present disclosure may be applied as follows to a typical commuter vehicle that is parked at a workplace (e.g., 09:00–17:00) and at a residence (e.g., 19:00–07:00). For example, in the case of a typical commuter vehicle, the vehicle's operating hours during commuting are fixed, and the idle state of the vehicle's onboard resources when unused during parking may also be predictable. For example, as in the proposal of the present disclosure, the vehicle or OEM server may predict the idle state of the vehicle's onboard resources based on the vehicle and driver patterns. For example, when the vehicle is parked at the workplace and residence, the OEM server may determine how long the idle state of the onboard resources persists and decide to provide the onboard resources to other users. For example, the OEM server may utilize the vehicle's onboard idle resources to perform offloading of functions / software for other vehicles registered on the server. For example, OEM Server B recognizes that Vehicle A in the Eastern United States has gone to work and is parked at the workplace, and can relay Vehicle A's onboard resources to Vehicle C operating in the Western United States. For example, vehicle functions / software requiring high performance, such as data analysis, remote or autonomous driving, or user convenience features, may require offloading because Vehicle C's onboard resources are insufficient to perform them, and these functions / software can be performed by utilizing Vehicle A's idle onboard resources. In this case, for example, Vehicle C or the relayer (e.g., OEM Server) may transmit to Vehicle A information including the supplier and user information proposed in this disclosure. Alternatively, for example, the OEM Server determines that Vehicle D in the Western United States has gone home and is parked at the residence, and that Vehicle D's onboard resources are idle, and can utilize Vehicle D's onboard resources to perform digital twin modeling or simulation on the OEM Server.Alternatively, for example, data reliability can be enhanced by utilizing vehicle onboard resources (e.g., storage devices) to store a distributed ledger of a blockchain (e.g., cryptocurrency) while the vehicle is parked. Meanwhile, for example, when a vehicle supplied with idle onboard resources is required to operate again, the provision of onboard resources can be terminated. For example, OEM server B can predict the time vehicle A leaves work while parked at the workplace and terminate and reclaim the resources provided to vehicle C. For example, OEM server can predict the resumption of vehicle D's operation (e.g., going to work) and terminate any ongoing digital twin modeling tasks or simulations.

[0114] Alternatively, for example, the proposal of the present disclosure may be applied to the charging of an electric vehicle. For example, Vehicle E, which is currently at a 10% charge level, can be charged to 80% at an electric charging station. In this case, for example, an intermediary may predict the time it takes for the vehicle's battery to be charged from 10% to 80% and determine that the vehicle's onboard resources are partially using resources for charging (e.g., battery management system). For example, if the intermediary determines that there are sufficient surplus resources in the vehicle's onboard resources to be provided to another user, the intermediary may decide to provide the vehicle's surplus onboard resources. In this case, for example, Vehicle E may transmit to the intermediary information including the information between the provider and the user proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the vehicle's surplus onboard resources may be utilized to train an AI / ML model performed by an individual or company via the intermediary. For example, a user may transmit collected data to Vehicle E, and upon receiving the data, Vehicle E may perform AI learning according to instructions. In addition, for example, an intermediary can split a single 3D model rendering and perform the 3D model rendering tasks for multiple pieces by utilizing the onboard idle resources of multiple vehicles. Similarly, for example, big data from a server in various fields, such as big data in medical systems, can be processed by utilizing the provided vehicle onboard idle resources. For example, if the task performed by the user is completed, the provision of the vehicle's onboard resources may be stopped.

[0115] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for utilizing onboard idle resources according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0116] Referring to FIG. 4, in step S410, the vehicle can check the idle state of the vehicle's onboard resources and decide to provide the onboard resources. For example, the vehicle can check that the vehicle's onboard resources are idle based on the planning or prediction that the vehicle will not be in operation (e.g., parking, maintenance, charging, etc.) for more than a threshold time, and accordingly decide to provide the vehicle's onboard resources. Alternatively, for example, the vehicle can check that the vehicle's onboard resources are idle based on the planning or prediction that the usage of the vehicle's onboard resources is non-existent or below a threshold, and accordingly decide to provide the vehicle's onboard resources. In step S420, the vehicle can exchange information between the vehicle and the relay / user to provide the vehicle's onboard resources. For example, the information transmitted by the vehicle to the relay / user may include information related to the vehicle (e.g., vehicle identifier, vehicle type). Alternatively, for example, information transmitted by the vehicle to the relay / user may include information related to the types (e.g., computational resources, storage resources, power resources, network resources, etc.) and / or specifications of onboard resources that the vehicle can provide. Alternatively, for example, information transmitted by the vehicle to the relay / user may include information related to the time and / or amount of computation for which the vehicle can provide onboard resources. Additionally, for example, the relay / user may transmit information related to onboard resources requested / required from the vehicle. For example, the information related to the requested / required onboard resources may include information related to the types (e.g., computational resources, storage resources, power resources, network resources, etc.) and / or specifications of onboard resources requested / required by the relay / user. Alternatively, for example, the information related to the requested / required onboard resources may include information related to the usage time and / or amount of computation of the onboard resources requested / required by the relay / user.In step S430, the vehicle may provide the vehicle's onboard resources to a relay / user. For example, the vehicle may allocate the vehicle's onboard resources for use by the user. Or, for example, the vehicle's onboard resources may be allocated to the user through a relay. For example, at least one function of the user may be performed based on the vehicle's onboard resources. In step S440, the vehicle may stop providing the vehicle's onboard resources. For example, the cessation of providing the vehicle's onboard resources may be determined based on a request from the vehicle or the relay / user. Or, for example, the cessation of providing the vehicle's onboard resources may be determined based on the vehicle's operation being planned or anticipated. Or, for example, the cessation of providing the vehicle's onboard resources may be determined based on at least one function performed with the onboard resources failing to meet requirements. Or, for example, the cessation of providing the vehicle's onboard resources may be determined based on the performance / status associated with the vehicle's onboard resources being below a threshold.

[0117] FIG. 5 illustrates a method for a vehicle to provide / assign onboard resources of the vehicle to a user and / or an intermediary, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 5, at step S510, a vehicle (e.g., a provider) may determine whether to provide onboard resources. For example, the vehicle may decide to provide onboard resources based on the state of the onboard resources (e.g., whether the onboard resources are idle). For example, based on the vehicle's non-operation being planned or expected, it may be determined that the onboard resources are idle, and thus the vehicle may decide to provide onboard resources. Alternatively, for example, based on the vehicle's onboard resource usage being zero or below a threshold, it may be determined that the onboard resources are idle, and thus the vehicle may decide to provide onboard resources. At step S520, based on the decision to provide onboard resources, the vehicle may transmit information related to the onboard resources to a user and / or a relay. For example, information related to onboard resources may include information related to the vehicle providing the onboard resources, information related to the type / specification of the onboard resources that the vehicle can provide, or information related to the time / computational amount of the onboard resources that the vehicle can provide. In step S530, the vehicle may provide / allocate onboard resources based on information related to onboard resources transmitted to the user and / or relay. For example, the vehicle may provide / allocate the vehicle's onboard resources for the user to use in order to perform at least one function of the user. For example, at least one function of the user may be performed based on the vehicle's onboard resources. For example, from the user's perspective, offboard computation may be performed for at least one function offloaded by the user. Meanwhile, for example, according to the proposal of the present disclosure described above, the vehicle may stop providing onboard resources when certain conditions are satisfied.

[0119] Meanwhile, although not illustrated in FIG. 5 for the sake of convenience of explanation, in the aforementioned step S520, the vehicle may receive information related to onboard resources requested / required from the user and / or relay. In this case, for example, the information related to the requested / required onboard resources may include information related to the type (e.g., computational resources, storage resources, power resources, network resources, etc.) and / or specifications of the onboard resources requested / required by the user and / or relay, or information related to the usage time and / or amount of computation of the onboard resources requested / required by the user and / or relay. Additionally, for example, in the aforementioned step S530, the vehicle may provide / allocate onboard resources to the user and / or relay based on the information related to the onboard resources and the information related to the requested / required onboard resources received from the user and / or relay.

[0120] FIG. 6 illustrates a method for a relay to provide / assign onboard resources of a vehicle to a user according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 6, at step S610, a relay (e.g., a server) can predict whether the vehicle's onboard resources are idle. For example, based on information obtained from the vehicle regarding the vehicle's status or driving pattern, the relay can predict whether the vehicle's onboard resources are idle. At step S620, based on the prediction that the vehicle's onboard resources are idle, the relay can decide to provide the vehicle's onboard resources to the user. At step S630, based on the decision to provide the vehicle's onboard resources, the relay can transmit information regarding the onboard resources to the vehicle and / or the user. In this case, for example, the information regarding the onboard resources transmitted to the user may include information regarding the vehicle providing the onboard resources, information regarding the type / specification of the onboard resources that the vehicle can provide, or information regarding the time / computational amount of the onboard resources that the vehicle can provide. Alternatively, for example, information related to onboard resources transmitted to the vehicle may include information related to onboard resources requested / required by the user (or information related to onboard resources to be provided to the user). In step S640, the relay may allocate the vehicle's onboard resources for the performance of the user's function based on the information related to the onboard resources. For example, the relay may transmit information instructing the vehicle to provide / allocate the vehicle's onboard resources for the performance of the user's function. For example, based on the vehicle's onboard resources being provided / allocated by the relay for the performance of the user's function, at least one of the user's functions may be performed based on the vehicle's onboard resources. Meanwhile, for example, in accordance with the proposal of the present disclosure described above, the relay may stop providing the vehicle's onboard resources when certain conditions are satisfied.For example, the relay can transmit information instructing the vehicle to stop providing onboard resources when certain conditions are met.

[0122] FIG. 7 illustrates a method in which a first device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0123] Referring to FIG. 7, at step S710, the first device may determine whether to provide the computing resources of the first device. At step S720, based on the decision to provide the computing resources, the first device may transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the available time of the computing resources. At step S730, based on the first information, the first device may provide the computing resources to the second device.

[0124] For example, based on the fact that the non-operation time of the first device is longer than a critical time, the first device may decide to provide the computing resources.

[0125] For example, based on the fact that the usage of the computing resource of the first device is below a threshold value, the first device may decide to provide the computing resource.

[0126] For example, based on the operating-non-operating pattern of the first device, the first device may decide to provide the computing resource based on the prediction that the computing resource is in an idle state.

[0127] For example, the type of computing resource may be at least one of a computational resource, a storage resource, a power resource, or a network resource.

[0128] For example, the availability time of the computing resource may be at least one of the duration, start time, or end time of at least one function performed based on the computing resource.

[0129] For example, the first information may further include information related to the identifier or type of the first device.

[0130] For example, the first information above may further include Quality of Service (QoS) information related to communication or networks.

[0131] Additionally, for example, the first device may receive second information from the second device related to at least one of the type of computing resource requested by the second device or the usage time of the computing resource requested by the second device. For example, based on the first information and the second information, the computing resource of the first device may be provided to the second device.

[0132] For example, based on the fact that the computing resources are provided to the second device, the computing resources may be used to perform at least one function offloaded by the second device.

[0133] For example, the computing resources may be relayed by a third device and provided to the second device.

[0134] For example, based on the operation of the first device being planned or expected, the first device may decide to stop providing the computing resources.

[0135] For example, based on the fact that at least one function performed based on the computing resource does not satisfy the requirements of the second device, the first device may decide to stop providing the computing resource.

[0136] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may determine whether to provide the computing resources of the first device. Then, based on the decision to provide the computing resources, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may control a transceiver (106) to transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the available time of the computing resources. Then, based on the first information, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may provide the computing resources to a second device.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: determine whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; based on the decision to provide the computing resource, transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource; and based on the first information, provide the computing resource to a second device.

[0138] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: determine whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; based on the decision to provide the computing resource, transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource; and based on the first information, provide the computing resource to a second device.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the first device may: determine whether to provide a computing resource of the first device; transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the available time of the computing resource based on the decision to provide the computing resource; and provide the computing resource to a second device based on the first information.

[0140] FIG. 8 illustrates a method in which a second device performs wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 8, at step S810, the second device can predict whether the computing resources of the first device are idle. At step S820, the second device can decide to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle. At step S830, the second device can transmit information related to at least one of the type of computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources to the third device. At step S840, the second device can provide the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

[0142] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may predict whether the computing resources of the first device are idle. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may decide to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control a transceiver (206) to transmit information related to at least one of the type of computing resources or the available time of the computing resources to a third device. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may provide the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

[0143] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on instructions executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: predict whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; decide to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle; transmit information related to at least one of the type of computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources to a third device; and provide the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: predict whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; decide to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle; transmit information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources to a third device; and provide the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

[0145] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the second device may: predict whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; decide to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle; transmit information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources to a third device; and provide the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

[0146] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing idle / surplus resources on vehicle boards, high-performance resources from multiple suppliers can be utilized by multiple users or organizations as needed. For example, this allows individuals and companies to reduce hardware construction and facility costs and increase operational efficiency. For instance, instead of individual individuals or companies building resources required for big data processing or large-scale computational tasks such as AI / ML model training, they can utilize the idle / surplus resources of vehicles to perform big data processing and AI / ML model training, thereby significantly reducing facility costs. In summary, according to the proposal of the present disclosure, the problem of significant resource waste during the downtime of vehicles equipped with high-performance, high-cost on-board units and peripheral devices, which was pointed out as a problem of the prior art, can be resolved.

[0147] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another.

[0148] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0149] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0150] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0151] FIG. 9 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0152] Referring to FIG. 9, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0153] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0154] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0155] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0156] FIG. 10 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 10, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 9.

[0158] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0159] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0160] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0161] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0162] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0163] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0164] FIG. 11 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 11, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 11 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 10. The hardware elements of FIG. 11 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 10. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 10. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 10, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 10.

[0166] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 11. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0167] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0168] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0169] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 11. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 10) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0170] FIG. 12 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-example / service (see FIG. 9). The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0171] Referring to FIG. 12, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 10 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 10. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 10. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to the outside (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from the outside (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0172] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 9, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 9, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 9, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 9, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 9, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 9, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 9, 400), a base station (Fig. 9, 200), a network node, etc. Depending on the use—e.g., service—the wireless device may be movable or used in a fixed location.

[0173] In FIG. 12, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least partially connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be connected via a wire, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0174] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 12 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0175] FIG. 13 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 13, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 12.

[0177] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0178] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0179] FIG. 14 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, vehicle, train, manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), ship, etc. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0180] Referring to FIG. 14, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d each correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 12.

[0181] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, roadside base stations (Roadside units), etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100). The control unit (120) may include an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The driving unit (140a) may include an engine, motor, power train, wheels, brakes, steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / reverse sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement technologies such as maintaining the driving lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed such as adaptive cruise control, technologies for automatically driving along a predetermined path, and technologies for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set.

[0182] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server non-periodically and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. Additionally, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving path and the driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving path, driving plan, etc. to an external server. An external server can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and can provide the predicted traffic information data to vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0183] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

1. Regarding the method, A step in which the first device determines whether to provide computing resources of the first device; The first device transmits first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the availability time of the computing resource, based on the first device's decision to provide the computing resource; and A method comprising the step of the first device providing the computing resources to the second device based on the first information.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the first device decides to provide the computing resources based on the fact that the non-operation time of the first device is greater than or equal to a threshold time.

3. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the first device decides to provide the computing resource based on the fact that the usage of the computing resource of the first device is below a threshold value.

4. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the first device decides to provide the computing resource based on the prediction that the computing resource is in an idle state based on the operation-non-operation pattern of the first device.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned type of computing resource is at least one of a computational resource, a storage resource, a power resource, or a network resource.

6. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the available time of the computing resource is at least one of the duration, start time, or end time of at least one function performed based on the computing resource.

7. In Paragraph 1, A method wherein the first information further comprises information related to an identifier or type of the first device.

8. In Paragraph 1, A method wherein the first information above further includes Quality of Service (QoS) information related to communication or a network.

9. In Paragraph 1, The first device further comprises the step of receiving second information from the second device related to at least one of the type of computing resource requested by the second device or the usage time of the computing resource requested by the second device; wherein A method in which computing resources of the first device are provided to the second device based on the first information and the second information.

10. In Paragraph 1, A method based on the fact that the computing resources are provided to the second device, wherein the computing resources are used to perform at least one function offloaded by the second device.

11. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the computing resources are relayed by a third device and provided to the second device.

12. In Paragraph 1, A method in which, based on the operation of the first device being planned or expected, the first device decides to stop providing the computing resources.

13. In Paragraph 1, A method in which the first device decides to stop providing the computing resource based on the fact that at least one function performed based on the computing resource does not satisfy the requirements of the second device.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The first device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: To determine whether to provide computing resources of the first device; Based on the decision to provide the above computing resources, to transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources; and A first device that enables a second device to provide the computing resources based on the first information above.

15. In a processing device configured to control a first device, At least one processor; and The first device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: To determine whether to provide computing resources of the first device; Based on the decision to provide the above computing resources, to transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources; and A processing device that enables a second device to provide the computing resources based on the first information above.

16. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, When executed, the above instructions cause the first device: To determine whether to provide computing resources of the first device; Based on the decision to provide the above computing resources, to transmit first information related to at least one of the type of the computing resources or the availability time of the computing resources; and A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that enables a second device to provide the computing resources based on the first information above.

17. Regarding the method, A step in which the second device predicts whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; A step in which the second device decides to provide the computing resources of the first device based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle; The second device transmits information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the availability time of the computing resource to a third device; and A method comprising the step of the second device providing the computing resources to the third device based on the information.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The second device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: Predicting whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; Based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle, a decision is made to provide the computing resources of the first device; To transmit information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the availability time of the computing resource to a third device; and A second device that enables the third device to provide the computing resources based on the above information.

19. In a processing device configured to control a second device, At least one processor; and The second device comprises at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor: Predicting whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; Based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle, a decision is made to provide the computing resources of the first device; To transmit information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the availability time of the computing resource to a third device; and A processing device that enables the third device to provide the computing resources based on the above information.

20. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, When executed, the above commands cause the second device: Predicting whether the computing resources of the first device are idle; Based on the prediction that the computing resources of the first device are idle, a decision is made to provide the computing resources of the first device; To transmit information related to at least one of the type of the computing resource or the availability time of the computing resource to a third device; and A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that enables the third device to provide the computing resources based on the above information.

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