Non-terrestrial network-based positioning

Abstract

This first device can acquire identification information related to a first-type network node, can detect a second device on the basis of the identification information related to the first-type network node, and / or can perform positioning on the basis of the second device. For example, an identification process related to the first-type network node for supporting the positioning can be distinguished from an identification process related to a second-type network node that does not support the positioning.

Description

Non-terrestrial network-based positioning

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100 bps / Hz Mobility support up to 1000 km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully autonomous driving Fully XR Fully haptic communication Fully

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method may include at least one of: a first device acquiring identification information associated with a first type of network node; a first device detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or a first device performing positioning based on the second device. For example, an identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from an identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 shows a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 shows an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIGS. 8a and FIGS. 8b illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 shows an example of a common TA (timing advance) and a terminal-specific TA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 shows an example of an orbital parameter orbital format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 14 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0027] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in the present disclosure may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0028] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0029] Additionally, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Additionally, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0030] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0031] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0032] Technical features described individually within one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0033] In the present disclosure, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0034] In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from a base station or network (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or pre-configured to a device through pre-defined signaling from another device (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), control information signaled between devices, etc.). In the present disclosure, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to a device.

[0035] In the present disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0036] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications), GPRS (general packet radio service), and EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0037] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication procedure between devices according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device may be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device may be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device may perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device may detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted according to a rule predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal may include a plurality of synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.) classified according to structure or use. Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0040] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device that are necessary to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting the system information prior to receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of the system information may be performed after a random access procedure described later.

[0041] In step S105, the first device and the second device may perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device may transmit and / or receive at least one message for the random access procedure (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device may transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device may receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2). The first device may transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device may receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be transmitted and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0042] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer controlling the connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer handling mapping between a logical channel and a transmission channel (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), and a layer handling a physical channel (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer). For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling to establish a connection, signaling to determine settings related to communication, and / or signaling to indicate allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted through a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0043] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive it. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, antenna-specific waveform demodulation, signal placement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0044] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at layer 3 can perform the role of controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. To this end, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0045] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted. For example, FIG. 2(a) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and FIG. 2(b) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, FIG. 2(c) may represent a radio protocol stack in the user plane for device-to-device communication, and FIG. 2(d) may represent a radio protocol stack in the control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0046] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using a physical channel. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the MAC (medium access control) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through a wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted through a physical channel between different physical layers, e.g., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using the OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, and time and frequency can be utilized as wireless resources.

[0047] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0048] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three modes of operation: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat requests (ARQ).

[0049] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer may be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer may be responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB may refer to a logical path provided by the first layer (e.g., physical layer) and the second layer (e.g., MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transfer between a first device and a second device.

[0050] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0051] For example, the establishment of an RB can mean the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting each specific parameter and method of operation. For example, an RB can be divided into two types: an SRB (signaling radio bearer) and a DRB (data radio bearer). For example, an SRB can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0052] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) that transmits system information and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages for a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted via a downlink SCH or via a separate multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) that transmits initial control messages and / or a shared channel (SCH) that transmits user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0053] FIG. 3 shows the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 3, radio frames may be used, for example, in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined by subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may contain 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0055] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot may contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot may contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0056] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) according to the SCS setting (u) when Normal CP or Extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot) exemplifies.

[0057] CP Type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP 15kHz (u=0) 1410 130kHz (u=1) 1420 260kHz (u=2) 1440 4120kHz (u=3) 1480 8240kHz (u=4) 14160 16 Extended CP 60kHz (u=2) 1240 4

[0058] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured differently among multiple cells merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI (transmit time interval)) composed of the same number of symbols may be configured differently among the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTI, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0059] For example, multiple numerologies or SCSs may be supported to support various services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands may be supported, and if the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. For example, if the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0060] FIG. 4 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain and may correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an active BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid and may be mapped to a single complex symbol.

[0062] For example, a BWP can be a continuous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB can be selected from a continuous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0063] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the terminal may not monitor downlink radio link quality on DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the terminal may not receive PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), or CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal) (except for RRM (radio resource management)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not trigger CSI (channel state information) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the terminal may not transmit PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) or PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) outside of the active UL (uplink) BWP. For example, for the downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a consecutive set of resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, for the uplink, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by the upper layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if the terminal fails to detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period, the terminal can switch the active BWP of the terminal to the default BWP.

[0064] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a numbered carrier resource block from one end of the carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0066] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP It can be set by ). For example, point A may be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier where the subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network in that carrier) are aligned. For example, offset may be the PRB interval between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0067] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0068] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (Terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0069] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0070] - THz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the optical band, it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0071] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0072] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0073] - Optical wireless technology

[0074] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0075] - Quantum communication

[0076] - Cell-free communication

[0077] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0078] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0079] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0080] - Big data analysis

[0081] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0082] - Metaverse

[0083] - blockchain

[0084] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). For example, AAM may include UAM, RAM, UAS, and UAVs (uncrewed aerial vehicles).

[0085] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I).

[0086] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): An NTN may refer to a network or network segment that utilizes RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). The use of NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0087] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc., of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0088] - Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS): An RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in a wireless communication environment. For example, an RIS can be composed of many small antennas or metasurfaces arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For instance, an RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or strength of the propagating signal. For instance, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For instance, since an RIS can be reconfigured to suit various environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0089] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on a satellite network, HIBS (high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS)), and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM). For example, to improve coverage, devices such as a satellite network, HIBS, and an aeronautical communication-capable terminal (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0091] FIGS. 8a and 8b illustrate a non-terrestrial network scenario according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIGS. 8a and 8b may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiment may be omitted.

[0092] FIG. 8a illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a transparent payload, and FIG. 8b illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a regenerative payload. For example, a non-terrestrial network may generally include the following elements.

[0093] - One or more satellite gateways connecting non-terrestrial networks to public data networks

[0094] - Feeder link or wireless link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform)

[0095] - Service link or wireless link between user equipment and satellite (or UAS platform)

[0096] - A satellite (or UAS platform) capable of implementing transparent or regenerated (including onboard processing) payloads. For example, the satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams across a given service area, typically defined by a line of sight. For example, the beam footprint may typically be elliptical. For example, the line of sight of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle. For example, for a transparent payload, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification may be performed. Thus, the repeating waveform signal in the payload may not be altered. For example, for a regenerated payload, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification, as well as demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation may be performed. This can effectively be equivalent to equipping the satellite (or UAS platform) with all base station functions.

[0097] - Optionally, Inter-satellite Link (ISL)

[0098] - User equipment can be serviced by a satellite (or UAS platform) within the target service area.

[0099] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a common TA (timing advance) and a terminal-specific TA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0100] Referring to FIG. 9, terminal-specific TA can be acquired to compensate for transmission delays on the service link, and common TA can be acquired to compensate for transmission delays between the RP (reference point) and the satellite.

[0101] For example, in an NTN-based communication system, a terminal can calculate a TA based on the terminal's GNSS (global navigation satellite system) capabilities (e.g., terminal location) and orbit-related upper-layer parameters transmitted from the base station, and this is the terminal-specific TA (N UE TA,adj It can be referred to as ). For example, if orbit-related upper-layer parameters are not received from the base station, the terminal-specific TA may be set to 0. For example, a TA obtained based on common TA parameters (e.g., TACommon, TACommonDrift, and / or TACommonDriftVariation), which are upper-layer parameters transmitted from the base station, is called the common TA(N common TA,adj It can be referred to as ). For example, if common TA parameters are not transmitted from the base station, the common TA can be set to 0. Accordingly, for example, in an NTN-based communication system, the total TA value (T TA ) is "(N TA + N TA,offset + N common TA,adj + N UE TA,adj )*T c It can be obtained as. For example, N TA,offset can refer to the TA offset value provided to the terminal per serving cell, and N TA can mean a value obtained based on the timing advance command.

[0102] For example, the terminal may receive satellite orbit information through system information and / or RRC signaling. For example, satellite orbit information may be implemented / supported in a position and velocity state vector orbit format and / or an orbital parameter orbit format. For example, the position and velocity state vector orbit format may be composed of less than 17 bytes (e.g., 132 bits). For example, the field size for position (x, y, z)(m) may be 78 bits, and the field size for velocity (vx, vy, vz)(m / s) may be 54 bits. For example, the orbital parameter orbit format may be composed of less than 21 bytes (e.g., 164 bits).

[0103] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of an orbital parameter orbital format according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0104] Referring to Fig. 10, information related to the orbital parameter orbit format (e.g., ephemeral information) includes the semi-major axis "α" (e.g., 33 bits) [m], the eccentricity "e" (in an elliptical satellite orbit, 0 <e<1) (예, 20 비트), 근점 편각(argument of periapsis) "ω"(예, 28 비트) [rad], 승교점 경도(longitude of ascending node) "Ω" (예, 28 비트) [rad], (궤도) 경사(inclination) "i" (예, 27 비트) [rad], 및 / 또는 평균 근점 이각(mean anomaly) "M0" = 에포크 t0 [JD]에서 M(t0) (예, 28 비트) [rad] 중 적어도 어느 하나를 포함할 수 있다.

[0105] Recently, active research is being conducted in the field of mobile communications on non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) that utilize satellites, drones, and the like as network nodes. For example, satellites in NTNs can be broadly classified into GSO satellites, which have a geosynchronous orbit (GSO), and NGSO satellites, which do not have a geosynchronous orbit (Non-GSO, NGSO). Additionally, satellites can be classified into low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and high earth orbit (HEO) depending on their altitude. In the field of mobile communications, LEO-based NTN support methods, which offer relatively lower costs and higher data transmission rates, are primarily being researched.

[0106] Here, conventional GPS (Global Positioning System) / GNSS systems utilized for navigation and / or positioning purposes have the disadvantage of being vulnerable to jamming and / or spoofing. Recently, LEO-based PNT (positioning, navigation, and timing) techniques are being studied as backups for the aforementioned GPS / GNSS systems. Here, the LEO-based PNT technique may refer to a method for determining the location of a terminal based on the timing and / or Doppler and / or phase of signals transmitted from one or more LEOs. Here, if the terminal performs the LEO-based PNT technique without the assistance of a network, it may be disadvantageous in terms of positioning accuracy and / or time delay and / or complexity. For example, positioning accuracy may be low, there may be a long time delay, and high complexity may be required. Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a method for efficiently supporting a terminal location positioning method (LEO-based) based on a non-terrestrial network, and a device that supports such method.

[0107] The proposed method(s) of the present disclosure are described below as examples of non-terrestrial networks, but the proposed method(s) of the present disclosure can be extended and applied to terrestrial networks as well.

[0108] [Proposed Method #01] For example, when a network node (e.g., base station and / or satellite) in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network can (pre)define and / or (pre) set a first type network node and / or a non-first type network node (hereinafter referred to as a second type network node) to a terminal, the first type network node may include at least one of the following.

[0109] (1) Satellite (supporting non-terrestrial networks)

[0110] (2) Cell group (sharing some system settings and / or information)

[0111] (3) Network nodes (providing and / or capable of providing location information and / or measurement resources (for navigation and / or positioning))

[0112] Here, for example, for the first type network node, the transmission of identification information and / or the transmission of identification resources and / or identification processes / procedures distinct from the second type network node may be supported. Here, for example, the identification information may include a unique satellite number (e.g., NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command) ID). Here, for example, the identification information may include system information. Here, for example, the identification resources may include a synchronization signal and / or a reference signal and / or a WUS (wake-up signal). Here, for example, the network node may transmit system information based on the identification information to a terminal.

[0113] For example, let us assume that in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal performs a navigation and / or positioning process based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, the terminal must search for and / or detect one or more LEO satellites that provide location information and / or measurement resources (for navigation and / or positioning). Here, if the terminal searches on a cell-by-cell basis within the ground and / or non-ground network and detects a cell that does not provide the location information and / or measurement resources, the terminal must perform a re-search, which may result in reduced search efficiency. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, when a network node (e.g., a base station and / or satellite) in a ground network and / or non-ground network can (pre)define and / or (pre) set a first type network node and / or a non-first type network node (hereinafter referred to as a second type network node) to the terminal, the first type network node may include at least one of the following.

[0114] (1) Satellite (supporting non-terrestrial networks)

[0115] (2) Cell group (sharing some system settings and / or information)

[0116] (3) Network nodes (providing and / or capable of providing location information and / or measurement resources (for navigation and / or positioning))

[0117] Here, for example, for the first type network node, the transmission of identification information and / or the transmission of identification resources and / or identification processes / procedures distinct from the second type network node may be supported. For example, the first type network node may be a satellite and / or cell group. For example, the network may assign satellite and / or cell group identification information and support the transmission of synchronization signals and / or reference signals and / or system information based on said identification information. For example, when the terminal intends to perform a search for a satellite and / or cell group for purposes such as navigation and / or positioning, the terminal may perform a search process based on said identification information. Here, for example, the satellite and / or cell group identification process may be distinguished from a conventional cell identification process. For example, system information may be divided into satellite and / or cell group specific system information and cell specific system information, and each may be transmitted in a form that can be demodulated. Here, for example, the satellite and / or cell group specific system information may refer to system information that is commonly applied within a (specific) cell group.

[0118] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, by supporting the identification process of network nodes for navigation and / or positioning to be distinct, the terminal can perform a search process primarily on network nodes that are valid from a navigation and / or positioning perspective. This allows the terminal to reduce the time delay occurring during the navigation and / or positioning process.

[0119] The above [Proposed Plan #01] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0120] [Proposed Method #02] For example, in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) may provide a terminal with information and / or scenario information related to satellite-based navigation and / or positioning (LEO) that is supported (for a specific reference point / region). Here, for example, the information may include one or more of the following techniques and / or scenario information.

[0121] (1) Single LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning

[0122] (2) Multi-LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning

[0123] (3) GNSS-based navigation and / or positioning

[0124] (4) Navigation and / or positioning using a combination of LEO and GEO satellites

[0125] Here, for example, the above (LEO) satellite-based navigation and / or positioning technique may be a technique supported prior to the initial connection and / or wireless connection process. Here, for example, the network node may provide information regarding the specific reference point / region to the terminal.

[0126] For example, in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, let us assume that a terminal performs a navigation and / or positioning process based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, it may be possible for the non-ground network to apply one or more (LEO) satellite-based navigation and / or positioning techniques and / or scenarios to a (specific) reference point and / or region. Here, for example, a network node of the non-ground network may provide the terminal with information on (LEO) satellite-based navigation and / or positioning techniques and / or scenarios applicable to a (specific) reference point and / or region. For example, said information may include one or more of the following techniques and / or scenario information.

[0127] (1) Single LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning

[0128] (2) Multi-LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning

[0129] (3) GNSS-based navigation and / or positioning

[0130] (4) Navigation and / or positioning using a combination of LEO and GEO satellites

[0131] Here, for example, the network node may provide information about the specific reference point / region to the terminal. For example, a specific LEO satellite of a non-ground network (hereinafter referred to as the first satellite) may not perform a synchronization process with other satellites, and the first satellite may be capable of supporting only a single LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning technique and / or scenario. For example, another specific LEO satellite of a non-ground network (hereinafter referred to as the second satellite) may perform a synchronization process with other satellites, and the second satellite may support both a single LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning technique and a multi-LEO satellite-based navigation and / or positioning technique.

[0132] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, by the network providing information regarding satellite-based navigation and / or positioning techniques / scenarios for a specific reference point / region, the terminal can quickly determine the selection and / or decision of a satellite-based navigation and / or positioning technique. This allows the terminal to reduce the time delay occurring during the navigation and / or positioning process.

[0133] For example, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) may transmit navigation and / or positioning capability information to a terminal (for a specific reference point / region). In this case, for example, the terminal may select or determine an (optimal) navigation and / or positioning technique based on the navigation and / or positioning capability information. For example, if the terminal has selected or determined a (preferred) navigation and / or positioning technique, and / or if the navigation and / or positioning technique is (pre-)set to the terminal, the terminal may select an (optimal) network node based on the navigation and / or positioning capability information. This allows the terminal to reduce time delays occurring during the navigation and / or positioning process and improve navigation and / or positioning reliability.

[0134] The above [Proposed Plan #02] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0135] [Proposed Method #03] For example, in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) may provide a terminal with (current) time information (targeting a specific reference area) and / or satellite list information (for communication and / or navigation and / or positioning) based on time, and the terminal may utilize said satellite list information when using satellite-related (online and / or offline) information. Here, for example, said time information may be GPS / GNSS clock information and / or UTC (universal time coordinated) based time information. Here, for example, said satellite list information (for communication and / or navigation and / or positioning) may include satellite identification information and / or a unique satellite number (e.g., NORAD ID) and / or satellite ephemeral information. Here, for example, said time information and / or satellite list information may be information linked to satellite-related offline information. Here, for example, the above satellite-related offline information may be offline information regarding TLE (two line element) and / or satellite orbits. Here, for example, if the satellite on the list supports only navigation and / or positioning, the terminal may not perform a measurement process for communication purposes regarding the said satellite and / or related cell.

[0136] For example, in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, let us assume that a terminal performs navigation and / or positioning processes based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, the terminal may possess a list of satellites on Earth as offline information. For example, the offline information may be a two-line element (TLE). Here, for example, the TLE is offline information that is published periodically and may include a list of satellites and (average) orbit information of the satellites. Here, for example, the terminal may utilize the offline information to assist in the wireless access process to the non-ground network. For example, if the terminal detects a satellite and / or cell of the non-ground network, and it is known what unique satellite number (e.g., NORAD ID) the said satellite and / or cell has, the satellite having the said NORAD ID and the (average) orbit information of the satellite may be calculated from the TLE file. Here, for example, the terminal may utilize the approximate location information of the satellite to perform (pre)compensation and / or (post)compensation for time delay and / or Doppler shift. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) in a terrestrial network and / or a non-terrestrial network may provide the terminal with (current) time information (for a specific reference area) and / or satellite list information (for navigation and / or positioning) (over time), and the terminal may utilize said satellite list information when using satellite-related (online and / or offline) information.

[0137] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, by providing a satellite list and / or satellite identification information linked with offline information, the terminal can improve and / or assist the wireless connection process with a non-terrestrial network by utilizing satellite orbit information within the offline information after identifying the satellite. This provides the advantage that the terminal can rapidly perform wireless connection to a non-terrestrial network even without directly receiving satellite ephemeral information, etc., from a network node.

[0138] The above [Proposed Plan #03] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0139] [Proposed Plan #04] For example, in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or satellite) may provide a terminal with one or more of the following information (for navigation and / or positioning).

[0140] (1) Location and / or path information of network nodes

[0141] (2) GPS / GNSS clock / time information (for a specific transmission resource)

[0142] (3) Pseudo-range information (for a specific reference point)

[0143] (4) Doppler transition information (for a specific reference point)

[0144] (5) Carrier (initial) phase and / or phase correction information (for a specific reference point)

[0145] Here, for example, the terminal can calculate the (initial) terminal position by utilizing the information (for navigation and / or positioning). Here, for example, the information (for navigation and / or positioning) may be provided as system information. Here, for example, the position and / or path information may include ephemeral information. Here, for example, the network node may provide the information regarding one or more reference points. Here, for example, the terminal can calculate the terminal position after receiving the information (for navigation and / or positioning) from one or more network nodes.

[0146] For example, in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, let us assume that a terminal performs a navigation and / or positioning process based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, the terminal may perform the navigation and / or positioning process by measuring signals transmitted from the LEO satellites. Here, for example, the terminal may measure pseudorange and / or Doppler shift and / or phase, etc., and perform a positioning technique based on said measurement values. For example, triangulation may be performed based on said measurement values, or an estimator such as an (extended) Kalman filter may be applied. Here, for example, the positioning method of the terminal may be a method calculated by iteratively applying the terminal location as input. Here, for example, a network node of the non-ground network may transmit information that assists the terminal in calculating the (initial) (approximate) terminal location. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) in a terrestrial network and / or a non-terrestrial network may provide a terminal with one or more of the following information (for navigation and / or positioning).

[0147] (1) Location and / or path information of network nodes

[0148] (2) GPS / GNSS clock / time information (for a specific transmission resource)

[0149] (3) Pseudo-range information (for a specific reference point)

[0150] (4) Doppler transition information (for a specific reference point)

[0151] (5) Carrier (initial) phase and / or phase correction information (for a specific reference point)

[0152] Here, for example, the terminal can calculate the (initial) terminal position by utilizing the information (for navigation and / or positioning). For example, if the terminal possesses GPS / GNSS reception capabilities or possesses a GPS / GNSS clock, a network node (e.g., a satellite) in the non-terrestrial network can transmit a specific transmission resource and additionally provide GPS / GNSS clock / time information regarding the time at which the resource was transmitted. Here, for example, the terminal can know the start time of transmission (e.g., Time Of Departure; TOD) and the time of arrival (e.g., Time Of Arrival) on the transmission resource and can estimate the pseudo-distance. Here, for example, the network node (e.g., a satellite) can provide pseudo-distance information regarding a specific reference point from the satellite. Here, for example, the terminal can obtain satellite position information and approximate pseudo-distances from one or more satellites and estimate the terminal's (initial) position by applying triangulation techniques. Here, for example, the network node (e.g., satellite) may provide Doppler shift information for a specific reference point from the satellite. Here, for example, the terminal may apply a Frequency Difference Of Arrival (FDOA) technique and / or a (multi-epoch-based) Doppler positioning technique based on the Doppler shift information. Here, for example, the network (e.g., satellite) may provide (initial) phase and / or phase correction information of the carrier wave for a specific reference point. Here, for example, the terminal may apply a carrier wave phase-based positioning technique using the phase and / or phase correction information.

[0153] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, by providing pseudo-range and / or Doppler shift and / or phase information (for a specific reference point), the network can assist the terminal in determining its (initial) approximate location. Here, for example, the terminal can correct the (initial) terminal location through an additional measurement process. This provides an advantage that the terminal can rapidly perform non-terrestrial network-based positioning processes.

[0154] The above [Proposed Plan #04] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0155] [Proposed Method #05] For example, if a first terminal can obtain (its) location information (within a certain level of accuracy) in a terrestrial network and / or a non-terrestrial network, the terminal may report one or more of the following information to a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite).

[0156] (1) Whether location information is secured (within a certain level of accuracy)

[0157] (2) Accuracy of location information

[0158] (3) Support for measurement and / or correction for differential positioning techniques (e.g., single / double differencing)

[0159] Here, for example, the network node may be configured and / or instructed to report measurement values ​​and / or correction values ​​for a differential positioning technique to the first terminal and / or configured and / or instructed to transmit them to the second terminal. Here, for example, the first terminal may be a terminal that has established a wireless connection to the network node. Here, for example, the second terminal may be a terminal that has not established a wireless connection to the network node. Here, for example, the differential positioning technique may be a technique based on carrier phase measurement. For example, it may be a carrier phase measurement-based single / double difference technique. Here, for example, the measurement values ​​and / or correction values ​​may be calculated for a (specific) transmission time and / or transmission resource (configured and / or instructed by the network node).

[0160] For example, let us assume that in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal performs navigation and / or positioning processes based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, let us assume that the terminal utilizes a carrier phase-based positioning technique. Here, for example, the carrier phase-based positioning technique has characteristics sensitive to phase errors in the transmitter and / or receiver, and positioning performance can be significantly improved by eliminating said errors. Here, for example, a differential positioning technique may be applied as a technique to eliminate said phase errors. For example, a positioning process may be performed based on the difference in phase values ​​(single difference) (hereinafter referred to as the first difference) received from different receivers for the same transmitter. For example, if the first difference is obtained for different transmitters and then the difference is calculated, it becomes a double difference, and a positioning process based on said double difference may be performed. Here, for example, in order for the terminal to apply differential positioning, measured values ​​and / or correction values ​​may need to be transmitted from a base station whose location is known to the terminal to assist the differential positioning technique. Here, the base station has limitations in that installation and / or operation costs are high and a separate communication link must be supported between the base station and the terminal.

[0161] Here, for example, the above-mentioned non-terrestrial network may utilize a terminal whose location information has already been derived within a network node as a reference station to assist the above-mentioned differential positioning technique. For example, a (specific) network node within the above-mentioned non-terrestrial network may utilize a terminal among those maintaining connectivity with it, whose location information is obtained within a certain level of accuracy, as the above-mentioned reference station. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, when a first terminal in a terrestrial network and / or a non-terrestrial network can obtain (its own) location information (within a certain level of accuracy), the terminal may report one or more of the following information to a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite).

[0162] (1) Whether location information is secured (within a certain level of accuracy)

[0163] (2) Accuracy of location information

[0164] (3) Support for measurement and / or correction for differential positioning techniques (e.g., single / double difference)

[0165] Here, for example, the network node may be configured and / or instructed to report measurement values ​​and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning techniques to the first terminal and / or to transmit them to the second terminal. For example, a specific network node (e.g., a satellite) may select a terminal (hereinafter referred to as the first terminal) among the terminals connected to it whose positional accuracy is within a certain level, and may request the terminal to derive measurement and / or correction values ​​to support differential positioning techniques. Here, for example, the first terminal may directly report measurement values ​​and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning techniques to the network node and / or share them with a nearby terminal (hereinafter referred to as the second terminal).

[0166] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure above, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, by having the network select a terminal (hereinafter referred to as the first terminal) that can replace the role of a reference station for differential positioning techniques and report / transmit measurement and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning support to the first terminal, it can assist another terminal (hereinafter referred to as the second terminal) performing satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes in performing differential positioning techniques. As a result, there is an advantage that positioning accuracy can be improved by supporting the differential positioning techniques of the terminal without the burden of installing and / or operating a reference station in a non-terrestrial network.

[0167] The above [Proposed Plan #05] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0168] [Proposed Method #06] For example, in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network, a terminal may request a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) to transmit measurement and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning techniques (e.g., single / double difference) (targeting a specific reference location). Here, for example, the terminal may be a terminal that has established a wireless connection to the network node and / or a terminal that has not established a wireless connection. Here, for example, the terminal may perform the request by utilizing (part of) the wireless connection process and / or initial connection process to the network node. For example, the terminal may perform the request by utilizing a RACH (random access channel) resource (dedicated to navigation and / or positioning) or transmit the request during uplink data channel transmission during the initial connection process.

[0169] For example, let us assume that in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal performs navigation and / or positioning processes based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, let us assume that the terminal utilizes a carrier phase-based positioning technique. Here, for example, the carrier phase-based positioning technique has characteristics sensitive to phase errors in the transmitter and / or receiver, and positioning performance can be significantly improved by eliminating said errors. Here, for example, a differential positioning technique may be applied as a technique to eliminate said phase errors. For example, a positioning process may be performed based on the difference in phase values ​​(single difference) (hereinafter referred to as the first difference) received from different receivers for the same transmitter. For example, if the first difference is obtained for different transmitters and then the difference is calculated, it becomes a double difference, and a positioning process based on said double difference may be performed. Here, for example, in order for the terminal to apply differential positioning, measured values ​​and / or correction values ​​may need to be transmitted from a base station whose location is known to the terminal to assist the differential positioning technique. Here, the base station has limitations in that installation and / or operation costs are high and a separate communication link must be supported between the base station and the terminal.

[0170] Here, for example, the non-ground network has the advantage of supporting both navigation and / or positioning functions and communication functions, and the terminal may request assistance information for differential positioning processes (e.g., measurements and / or correction values ​​at a location known) through the non-ground network. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, a terminal in a ground network and / or non-ground network may request a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) to transmit measurements and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning (e.g., single / double difference) techniques (targeting a specific reference location). Here, for example, the terminal may be a terminal that has wireless access to the network node and / or a terminal that has not wireless access. Here, for example, if the terminal is a terminal that has not wireless access, the terminal may make a request for measurements and / or correction values ​​for differential positioning techniques by borrowing some of the processes during the initial access process to the network node. For example, the terminal may perform the request by utilizing a RACH (random access channel) resource (for navigation and / or positioning) or transmit the request during uplink data channel transmission during the initial connection process.

[0171] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure above, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, a non-terrestrial network provides a communication link that provides assistance information for differential positioning techniques, so that the terminal can obtain assistance information for performing differential positioning techniques without a separate communication link.

[0172] The above [Proposed Plan #06] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0173] [Proposed Method #07] For example, when a terminal in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network can perform a wireless access process (for communication purposes) targeting a network node (e.g., base station and / or satellite), the terminal may report including one or more of the following information (related to navigation and / or positioning).

[0174] (1) Whether navigation and / or positioning is performed (in the relevant band)

[0175] (2) (Reserved) (Time / Frequency) resources for performing navigation and / or positioning (in the relevant band)

[0176] Here, for example, the navigation and / or positioning technique may be a navigation and / or positioning technique performed without a wireless access process. For example, it may be an LEO-based navigation and / or positioning technique. Here, for example, the network node may set and / or instruct the terminal to stop performing the navigation and / or positioning. For example, the network node may stop the navigation and / or positioning and set and / or instruct a separate navigation and / or positioning resource based on wireless access technology.

[0177] For example, let us assume that in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal performs a navigation and / or positioning process based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, the navigation and / or positioning process performed by the terminal may be a process (hereinafter referred to as the first process) that utilizes (specific) time and / or frequency resources within the same band as the band utilized by the non-ground network for communication purposes. Here, for example, when the terminal can perform a wireless access process (hereinafter referred to as the second process) (for communication purposes) targeting a network node (e.g., base station and / or satellite), the terminal may need to maintain the first process to support location-based TO (time offset) and / or FO (frequency offset) pre-compensation, etc. Here, for example, since the first process uses the same band as the second process, the second process may need to protect the resource segment required for the first process. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, when a terminal in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network can perform a wireless access process (for communication purposes) to a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite), the terminal may report including one or more of the following information (related to navigation and / or positioning).

[0178] (1) Whether navigation and / or positioning is performed (in the relevant band)

[0179] (2) (Reserved) (Time / Frequency) resources for performing navigation and / or positioning (in the relevant band)

[0180] For example, a terminal performing the first process may transmit (reserved) time / frequency resource information for the first process during the second process and / or the initial connection process for communication. Here, for example, a network node that receives the (reserved) time / frequency resource may transmit service resources while preserving and / or avoiding interference with said resource. Here, for example, the network node may request the terminal to stop the first process. For example, the network node may have the terminal stop the navigation and / or positioning and set and / or instruct a separate navigation and / or positioning resource based on wireless access technology.

[0181] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure above, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, when a terminal in a non-terrestrial network is utilizing time / frequency resources for navigation and / or positioning processes within the same band, by enabling the (reserved) time / frequency resources to be reported during a wireless access process, etc., it is possible to support maintaining connectivity for communication and connectivity for navigation and / or positioning processes within the same band.

[0182] The above [Proposed Plan #07] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0183] [Proposed Method #08] For example, in a terrestrial network and / or non-terrestrial network, if a network node (e.g., a base station and / or a satellite) can set up and / or instruct a terminal to a transmission resource (satellite-specific) (for navigation and / or positioning), one or more of the following information may be provided together with the transmission resource.

[0184] (1) (Linked) satellite (identification) information

[0185] (2) (Linked) celestial ephemeris (identification) information

[0186] (3) (Linked) feeder link information (e.g., feeder link delay)

[0187] (4) Time difference between (specific) anchor transmission resources

[0188] Here, for example, the network node can transmit information about feeder link delay to a higher-level object such as an LMF (location management function).

[0189] For example, let us assume that in a ground and / or non-ground network according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal performs navigation and / or positioning processes based on one or more LEO satellites included in the ground and / or non-ground network. Here, for example, when a network node (e.g., a satellite) within the non-ground network can set and / or direct a transmission resource for navigation and / or positioning, it may transmit information that aids in the utilization of said transmission resource. For example, said network node may provide (identification) information of the satellite associated with said transmission resource and / or a unique satellite number (e.g., NORAD ID) and / or ephemeral (identification) information. For example, said network node may additionally provide feeder link information, such as feeder link delay associated with said transmission resource. Here, for example, when applying the Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) technique to different transmission resources, said terminal may utilize said feeder link information to correct the time difference caused by the feeder link delay. For example, the network node may provide transmission time difference information relative to a (specific) anchor transmission resource for the transmission resource. Here, for example, the terminal may utilize the transmission time difference for applying the Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) technique.

[0190] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure above, there is an advantage that a terminal can efficiently perform satellite-based navigation and / or positioning processes with the assistance of a network. For example, when a network node in a non-terrestrial network provides transmission resources for navigation and / or positioning, by providing satellite (identification) information and / or ephemeral (identification) information and / or feeder link (delay) information linked to said transmission resources, the terminal can be helped to quickly identify the relationship between the transmission resources and the satellites and perform rapid and accurate positioning techniques.

[0191] The above [Proposed Plan #08] may be applied in combination with other proposed plans within the scope where the proposed operations do not conflict.

[0192] FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0193] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, the first device can obtain identification information related to a first type of network node. In step S1120, the first device can detect a second device based on the identification information related to the first type of network node. In step S1130, the first device can perform positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process related to the first type of network node that supports positioning can be distinguished from the identification process related to the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0194] For example, identification information associated with the first type of network node can be distinguished from identification information associated with the second type of network node.

[0195] For example, the identification resource associated with the first type of network node can be distinguished from the identification resource associated with the second type of network node.

[0196] For example, the second device may be a network node of the first type that provides at least one of location information or resources for positioning.

[0197] For example, identification information related to the first type of network node can be obtained based on cell group-specific system information.

[0198] For example, identification information related to the network node of the second type mentioned above can be obtained based on cell-specific system information.

[0199] Additionally, for example, the first device may receive information related to the phase or phase correction of the carrier wave for a reference point from the second device. For example, the positioning may be performed based on information related to the phase or phase correction of the carrier wave for the reference point.

[0200] Additionally, for example, the first device may receive positioning-related capability information from the second device.

[0201] For example, a positioning technique for the above positioning can be selected based on the positioning-related capability information.

[0202] For example, the positioning capability information may include at least one of information related to single-satellite-based positioning support, information related to multi-satellite-based positioning support, information related to GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based positioning support, or information related to low-orbit satellite and geostationary satellite-based positioning support.

[0203] For example, the positioning capability information may be information related to a positioning technique supported for a reference point or a reference region. For example, based on the first device being within a threshold distance from the reference point or within the reference region, a positioning technique for the positioning may be selected based on the positioning capability information.

[0204] For example, based on the fact that the accuracy of the position information of the first device is greater than or equal to a threshold, at least one of the measurement value for differential positioning or the correction value for differential positioning may be transmitted by the first device.

[0205] For example, a request for at least one of a measurement value for differential positioning or a correction value for differential positioning may be transmitted by the first device to the second device.

[0206] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, a processor (102) of a first device (100) may obtain identification information related to a first type of network node, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) may detect a second device based on the identification information related to the first type of network node, and / or the processor (102) of the first device (100) may perform positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process related to the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process related to the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0207] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0208] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0209] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, the instructions may cause a first device to perform an operation based on execution. For example, the operation may include at least one of: obtaining identification information associated with a first type of network node; detecting a second device based on the identification information associated with the first type of network node; and / or performing positioning based on the second device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0210] FIG. 12 illustrates a procedure performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of said embodiments may be omitted.

[0211] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the second device may transmit identification information related to a first type of network node to the first device. In step S1220, the second device may transmit a signal for positioning to the first device. For example, the identification process related to the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process related to the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0212] For example, identification information associated with the first type of network node can be distinguished from identification information associated with the second type of network node.

[0213] For example, the identification resource associated with the first type of network node can be distinguished from the identification resource associated with the second type of network node.

[0214] For example, the second device may be a network node of the first type that provides at least one of location information or resources for positioning.

[0215] For example, identification information related to the first type of network node can be transmitted based on cell group-specific system information.

[0216] For example, identification information related to the network node of the second type mentioned above can be transmitted based on cell-specific system information.

[0217] Additionally, for example, the second device may transmit information related to the phase or phase correction of the carrier wave for a reference point to the first device. For example, the positioning may be performed based on information related to the phase or phase correction of the carrier wave for the reference point.

[0218] Additionally, for example, the second device may transmit positioning-related capability information to the first device.

[0219] For example, a positioning technique for the above positioning can be selected based on the positioning-related capability information.

[0220] For example, the positioning capability information may include at least one of information related to single-satellite-based positioning support, information related to multi-satellite-based positioning support, information related to GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based positioning support, or information related to low-orbit satellite and geostationary satellite-based positioning support.

[0221] For example, the positioning capability information may be information related to a positioning technique supported for a reference point or a reference region. For example, based on the first device being within a threshold distance from the reference point or within the reference region, a positioning technique for the positioning may be selected based on the positioning capability information.

[0222] For example, based on the fact that the accuracy of the position information of the first device is greater than or equal to a threshold, at least one of a measurement value for differential positioning or a correction value for differential positioning may be received from the first device.

[0223] For example, a request for at least one of a measurement value for differential positioning or a correction value for differential positioning may be received from the first device.

[0224] The proposed method above may be applied to a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, a processor (202) of a second device (200) may control a transceiver (206) to transmit identification information related to a first type of network node to the first device, and / or the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control the transceiver (206) to transmit a signal for positioning to the first device. For example, the identification process related to the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process related to the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0225] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause the second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to the first device; and / or transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0226] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may cause a second device to perform an operation based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to the first device; and / or transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0227] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, the instructions may cause a second device to perform an operation based on execution. For example, the operation may include at least one of: transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to the first device; and / or transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device. For example, the identification process associated with the first type of network node that supports positioning may be distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node that does not support positioning.

[0228] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0229] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0230] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0231] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0232] FIG. 13 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0233] Referring to FIG. 13, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0234] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0235] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0236] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0237] FIG. 14 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0238] Referring to FIG. 14, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 13.

[0239] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0240] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0241] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0242] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0243] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0244] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0245] FIG. 15 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0246] Referring to FIG. 15, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 15 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. The hardware elements of FIG. 15 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 14, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 14.

[0247] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 15. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0248] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0249] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0250] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 15. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 14) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0251] FIG. 16 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-example / service (see FIG. 13). The embodiment of FIG. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0252] Referring to FIG. 16, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 14 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 14. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 14. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0253] The additional element (140) can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 13, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 13, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 13, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 13, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 13, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 13, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 13, 400), a base station (Fig. 13, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices can be used in a movable or fixed location depending on the use—e.g., service.

[0254] In FIG. 16, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least partially connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be connected via a wire, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0255] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 16 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0256] FIG. 17 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as an MS (Mobile Station), UT (User Terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), or WT (Wireless Terminal). The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0257] Referring to FIG. 17, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 16.

[0258] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0259] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0260] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

1. Regarding the method, A first device acquires identification information associated with a first type of network node; The first device detects a second device based on identification information associated with the first type of network node; and The first device performs positioning based on the second device; comprising, A method in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

2. In Paragraph 1, A method in which identification information associated with the first type of network node is distinguished from identification information associated with the second type of network node.

3. In Paragraph 1, A method in which an identification resource associated with the first type of network node is distinguished from an identification resource associated with the second type of network node.

4. In Paragraph 1, The method, wherein the second device is a network node of the first type that provides at least one of location information or a resource for positioning.

5. In Paragraph 1, A method in which identification information related to the first type of network node is obtained based on cell group-specific system information, and identification information related to the second type of network node is obtained based on cell-specific system information.

6. In Paragraph 1, The first device further comprises the step of receiving information related to the phase or phase correction of a carrier wave for a reference point from the second device; wherein A method in which the above positioning is performed based on information related to the phase or phase correction of a carrier wave for the above reference point.

7. In Paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of the first device receiving positioning-related capability information from the second device.

8. In Paragraph 7, A positioning technique for the above positioning is a method selected based on the above positioning-related capability information.

9. In Paragraph 7, A method comprising at least one of the above positioning capability information, which includes information related to single-satellite-based positioning support, information related to multi-satellite-based positioning support, information related to GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based positioning support, or information related to low-orbit satellite and geostationary satellite-based positioning support.

10. In Paragraph 7, The above positioning-related capability information is information related to a positioning technique supported for a reference point or reference region, a method.

11. In Paragraph 10, A method in which a positioning technique for positioning is selected based on positioning-related capability information, based on the first device being within a critical distance from the reference point or within the reference region.

12. In Paragraph 1, A method in which, based on the accuracy of the position information of the first device being greater than or equal to a threshold, at least one of a measurement value for differential positioning or a correction value for differential positioning is transmitted by the first device.

13. In Paragraph 1, A method in which a request for at least one of a measurement value for differential positioning or a correction value for differential positioning is transmitted by the first device to the second device.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The first device is configured to perform an operation based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, wherein the operation comprises: at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor. Obtaining identification information associated with a first type network node; Detecting a second device based on identification information associated with the first type of network node; and Performing positioning based on the second device; including, A first device in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

15. In a processing device, At least one processor; and The first device is configured to perform an operation based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, wherein the operation comprises: at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor. Obtaining identification information associated with a first type network node; Detecting a second device based on identification information associated with the first type of network node; and Performing positioning based on the second device; including, A processing device in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

16. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, The above commands cause the first device to perform an operation based on execution, wherein the operation is: Obtaining identification information associated with a first type network node; Detecting a second device based on identification information associated with the first type of network node; and Performing positioning based on the second device; including, A non-transient computer-readable storage medium in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

17. Regarding the method, The second device transmits identification information associated with a first type of network node to the first device; and The second device transmits a signal for positioning to the first device; comprising the step of A method in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; At least one processor; and The second device is configured to perform an operation based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, wherein the operation comprises: at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor. Transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to a first device; and Transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device; including, A second device in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

19. In a processing device, At least one processor; and The second device is configured to perform an operation based on the fact that the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, wherein the operation comprises: at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor. Transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to a first device; and Transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device; including, A processing device in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

20. A non-transient computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, The above commands cause the second device to perform an operation based on execution, wherein the operation is: Transmitting identification information associated with a first type of network node to a first device; and Transmitting a signal for positioning to the first device; including, A non-transient computer-readable storage medium in which the identification process associated with the first type of network node supporting the positioning is distinguished from the identification process associated with the second type of network node not supporting the positioning.

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