System for generating hydrogen from a reagent containing aluminum
The system addresses inefficiencies in hydrogen generation from aluminum and water by using ultrasonic vibrations and controlled stoichiometric ratios to enhance reaction kinetics, achieving efficient, portable, and environmentally friendly hydrogen production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- UNAL ZULFU DOGUKAN
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for generating hydrogen from aluminum and water face challenges such as uncontrollable reaction rates, inefficiency, high energy requirements, and environmental impacts, particularly due to the formation of by-products like aluminum hydroxide, which slow down or stop the reaction.
A system utilizing an ultrasonic vibration actuator to enhance reaction kinetics, a controlled stoichiometric ratio of aluminum and water, and a modular design with a by-product management unit to maintain efficient hydrogen generation, operating at room pressure and atmospheric temperature.
The system achieves high-efficiency hydrogen generation with a threefold increase in reaction rate, reduced energy consumption, and zero carbon emissions, producing a valuable by-product that can be recycled, suitable for on-site and portable applications.
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Abstract
Description
[0001] DESCRIPTION
[0002] SYSTEM FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN FROM A REAGENT CONTAINING ALUMINUM TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The present invention relates to a system, which enables a reagent containing aluminum to react with water to generate hydrogen gas with high efficiency and in a controlled manner.
[0004] STATE OF THE ART
[0005] As an energy carrier with high energy density and low environmental impacts, hydrogen is among today's most innovative energy solutions. Intensive studies are being conducted on the generation, storage, and transport of hydrogen, particularly for the purposes of reducing the dependency on the fossil fuels and increasing the effectiveness of the renewable energy sources. The methods commonly employed for generating hydrogen include the technologies such as natural gas reformation, biomass gasification, electrolysis, coal gasification, and photobiological transformation. Although these methods enable hydrogen to be obtained from different sources, they involve the aspects that require improvement in terms of energy efficiency, cost, and environmental impacts.
[0006] Natural gas reformation is a frequently preferred method for the generation of hydrogen on the industrial scale. However, this process has an energy-intensive nature due its requirement for the conditions of high temperature and pressure and also generates a significant amount of carbon emission. Biomass gasification enables the organic wastes to be utilized in the generation of hydrogen. Although this method seems advantageous from the perspective of environmental sustainability, the difficulties like low efficiency and complex equipment requirements are faced. While the electrolysis method enables the generation of hydrogen with high purity by dissociating the water into smaller components, the fact that the energy need for said method is met by electricity to a great extent limits the economic viability of the process. The innovative approaches like photobiological transformation have the potential to generate hydrogen by directly utilizing the solar energy; however, this technology has not yet been able to be adapted to large-scale implementations.
[0007] Besides the issues associated with the process of hydrogen generation, the transport and the storage of hydrogen are also among the main hardships preventing the widespread use. The low density of hydrogen necessitates special solutions for the storage or the transport of thesame in great amounts. The storage of hydrogen by way of compression under high pressure or the transport of the same by way of liquefaction at extremely low temperatures, although being technically viable, involve significant disadvantages in terms of energy consumption and cost. Particularly the energy used during the transport of the liquid hydrogen may consume a great portion of the energy content of hydrogen being transported.
[0008] Safety is another important issue that comes into play when transporting and storing hydrogen. The flammability property and low ignition energy of hydrogen increase the risk of explosion in case of leakage. Further, that hydrogen produces invisible flames complicates the fire response processes even further. It is necessary to design hydrogen transport infrastructure in a way to minimize these risks; however, this would increase the costs. The transport of hydrogen via the pipelines may lead to difficulties in the long run due to the adverse impacts of hydrogen molecules on the metallic pipes. The transport of hydrogen by means of the tanks as an alternative usually allows lower capacities and is inefficient from the logistic point of view.
[0009] Generating hydrogen at the place of consumption becomes increasingly important with a view to overcome these difficulties. On-site generation enhances the overall process efficiency by eliminating the energy losses and safety risks originating from the processes of transport and storage. On-site generation offers a practical solution that is also advantageous in terms of cost especially for the remote areas or small-scale practices. This approach, while reducing the infrastructure investments, also supports the environmental sustainability. The innovative methods employed for the on-site generation of hydrogen may set new standards from the perspective of efficiency as well as safety and may contribute to the development of hydrogen economy.
[0010] The chemical reaction between aluminum and water is regarded as a promising alternative for the on-site generation of hydrogen at low cost. This method may provide a significant advantage in terms of both energy efficiency and safety, by enabling the rapid generation of hydrogen from the readily available materials. However, one of the main problems in enabling aluminum to generate hydrogen gas by reacting with water involves the controllability and the efficiency of the reaction. Although the formation of the passivation layer is one of the best known factors hindering this process, there are also other technical and chemical challenges. The reaction usually progresses at a slow rate, which is a significant factor limiting the rate of hydrogen generation. It may generally be necessary to increase the water temperature and use the chemical activators in order to accelerate the reaction. Besides, the need for elevated temperature increases the energy requirement at the initial phase and raises the processcosts. Moreover, aluminum may rapidly wear following the onset of the reaction, which may jeopardize the safety of the system by causing an uncontrolled hydrogen generation.
[0011] The by-products formed during the reaction constitute another important problem. The solid products like aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)s) are formed as a result of the reaction of aluminum with water and these products may slow down or completely stop the reaction by accumulating on the surface of aluminum.
[0012] The fact that the production of aluminum is an energy-intensive process and has a large carbon footprint is another aspect of this method that requires consideration from the point of view of environmental sustainability. All these difficulties limit the use of the reaction between aluminum and water in the large-scale hydrogen generation.
[0013] JP2002161325A relates to the aluminum alloys for the generation of hydrogen gas and to a method enabling the generation of hydrogen with high purity by the use of said alloys and also encompasses a lightweight and simple hydrogen gas generator comprising said alloys and a power generator using said generator. The invention disclosed in this document, which is developed in order to overcome the limitations of the existing methods such as high temperature, cost, and environmental impacts, makes it possible to generate hydrogen without spending energy, as a result of the aluminum alloys, which are impregnated with indium, gallium, or alloys thereof, reacting with water. By means of this method, hydrogen gas is obtained in an environment-friendly manner without the formation of harmful by-products and the generated gas is possible to be used in the energy systems like fuel cells. In addition, the ability to readily remove the by-products like aluminum hydroxide formed during the reaction enhances the efficiency of the process. This technology, by providing a lightweight and compact structure, aims at reducing the cost of the use of hydrogen gas and the associated logistic requirements. The high cost of the rare metals like indium and gallium, the difficulties in the recycling, the accumulation of the by-products that are formed during the reaction, the limited alloy lifetime, and the environmental impacts are the most important disadvantages of this method.
[0014] CN114506814A relates to the generation of hydrogen via the activation of aluminum and to the devices supporting this process. A gallium-based metal liquid is injected into an activation chamber opened on an aluminum ingot to obtain activated aluminum, and subsequently, the generation of hydrogen is enabled by reacting this structure with water. The gallium-based metal liquid penetrates through the aluminum grain boundaries to accelerate hydrogen generation reaction, increases the reaction efficiency owing to the micro-galvanic cell effect,and prevents the by-product aluminum hydroxide from accumulating on the surface. This method offers lower energy consumption and less environmental impacts compared to the conventional methods that result in high energy consumption and safety risks. The device has a simple and portable structure, enabling a wide field of use from the industrial scale to the emergency applications. Moreover, the materials with high added value such as a-alumina, which are obtained as by-products in the process of hydrogen generation, are environmentfriendly and provide economic advantages. This method has the disadvantages like the use of the rare and costly metals like gallium, the need for maintenance as a result of the accumulation of the by-products during the reaction, and the limited system scalability.
[0015] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0016] An object of the invention is to set forth a controlled system, in which a reagent containing aluminum powder is enabled to react with water at stoichiometric ratios to generate hydrogen gas.
[0017] Another object of the invention is to develop a system, which comprises at least one vibrator improving the efficiency of the generation of hydrogen gas by boosting the reaction kinetics.
[0018] Another object of the invention is to develop a system, which generates hydrogen gas by operating at the room pressure and the atmospheric pressure.
[0019] Another object of the invention is to develop a system with a portable and compact structure, which generates hydrogen gas as a result of the reaction between aluminum and water.
[0020] Another object of the invention is to develop a system, which is capable of maintaining the generation of hydrogen gas automatically, without requiring any external intervention.
[0021] Still another object of the invention is to develop a safe system, in which aluminum and water are enabled to react in a controlled manner.
[0022] Still another object of the invention is to develop a system, which has a structure suitable for being converted into a system with higher capacity compared to an individual system, by way of combination of more than one such system.DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the system according to the invention.
[0024] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0025] The present invention relates to a system, which enables a reagent containing aluminum to react with water to generate hydrogen gas with high efficiency and in a controlled manner.
[0026] Hydrogen gas generation system according to the invention comprises
[0027] - at least one reactor body (1), in which a reagent containing aluminum comes together with water at stoichiometric ratios and the generation of hydrogen gas is realized as a result of the reaction of said reagent with said water, and
[0028] - at least one vibration actuator (2), which enables said reaction to start in a homogeneous and controlled manner by enabling the reagent mixture containing aluminum to break down due to the vibration effect, enables said reagent mixture to instantly form a homogeneous solution with said water, enables the removal of the oxidation layer on the surface of aluminum, and enables hydrogen generation efficiency to be increased.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vibration actuator (2) is an ultrasonic vibration actuator (2), which enables the vibration to be performed by means of the sound waves it generates. In a preferred embodiment, the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) is transferred to the reactor body (1) via at least one vibration transmitter (21). In a preferred embodiment, the vibration transmitter (21) is a vibration transmitter (21), which is connected with the reactor body (1) such that it will contact said reactor body (1) and which transmits the vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) to said reactor body (1). In another preferred embodiment, the vibration transmitter (21) is a vibration transmitter (21), which transmits the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) to a mixture of reagent and water inside the reactor body (1).
[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vibration actuator (2) is a component, which increases the rate of hydrogen generation by accelerating the kinetics of the reaction between the aluminum-containing reagent and the water. In addition, it reinforces, owing to the effect of the ultrasonic vibrations, the interaction of aluminum with water by rendering the reaction temperature more effective as if the reaction is performed at higher temperatures like 60-80°C.Moreover, it increases hydrogen generation efficiency by facilitating the separation of hydrogen bubbles and the rise of the same to the water surface.
[0031] A preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one liquid feeding unit (4), which provides the amount of water required for the aluminum-containing reagent to react with water at stoichiometric ratios inside the reactor body (1). Said liquid feeding unit (4) is a pump, preferably a peristaltic pump, which enables the water to be dosed into the reactor body (1), whereby said peristaltic pump enables said water in a desired quantity to be delivered into said reactor body (1 ) at certain intervals and / or continuously over a desired period of time, and thus enables the reagent to react with water at a stoichiometric ratio.
[0032] A preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the reagent that is to react with water to be fed into the reactor body (1). The reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the reagent to be dosed into the reactor body (1), whereby said reagent feeding unit (3) enables said reagent in a desired quantity to be delivered into said reactor body (1) at certain intervals and / or continuously over a desired period of time, and thus enables said reagent to react with water at a stoichiometric ratio. In a preferred embodiment, the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pellet (P) to be delivered into the reactor body (1). In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pre-produced powder to be fed into the reactor body (1). The use of an aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pre-produced powder and / or pellet (P) is necessary to achieve a controlled fuel feed.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reactor body (1) has a reactor body bottom surface area (13), which is 1.1-1.5 times, or, in a preferred embodiment, 1.2-1.3 times, the pellet surface area (P1) such that the aluminum-containing reagent prepared via a mechanochemical method, more specifically, the aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pellet (P), is enabled to interact with an amount of water that is 3 to 6 times, or, in a preferred embodiment, 3.5-4.5 times the amount of said reagent by mass. Owing to the said proportions of the reactor body (1), said reactor body (1) is a reactor body (1), in which the water level inside said reactor body (1) rises above the pellet (P) and thus, the reaction kinetics are maximized.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) is an ultrasonic vibration actuator (2), which enables the pellet (P) containing compressed aluminum to rapidly break down to enable the reaction to start in a homogeneous and controlled manner, enablesthe reagents in said pellet (P) to rapidly form a solution with water, enables the oxidation layer on the surface of aluminum to be effectively removed, and thus allows hydrogen generation efficiency to be maximized.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reactor body (1) has at least one liquid inlet (11), via which the water delivered by the liquid feeding unit (4) enters said reactor body (1). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the reactor body (1) has at least one reagent inlet (10), via which the reagent delivered by the reagent feeding unit (3) enters.
[0036] A preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one electronic control unit, which enables the reagent feeding unit (3) and / or the liquid feeding unit (4) to be controlled. Said electronic control unit is an electronic control unit, which enables to determine the amount of reagent to be delivered by the reagent feeding unit (3) into the reactor body (1) and the delivery period thereof as well as the amount of liquid to be delivered by the liquid feeding unit (4) into said reactor body (1), the flow rate thereof, and the delivery period thereof, and which thus ensures that said reagent reacts with said water at stoichiometric ratios.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reactor body (1) has at least one hydrogen gas outlet (12), via which hydrogen gas released as a result of the reaction between the reagent and the water is discharged. The preferred embodiment has at least one drying unit (5), which enables to retain the moisture contained in hydrogen gas exiting the reactor body (1). In a preferred embodiment, said drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which contains silica gel and / or activated carbon, traps the moisture in hydrogen gas, and rids said hydrogen gas of the impurities. In another preferred embodiment, said drying unit (5) is an adsorption-based drying unit (5). In another preferred embodiment, said drying unit (5) is a membrane-based and / or chemical reaction-based drying unit (5). In another preferred embodiment, said drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which comprises an ion exchange membrane. In another preferred embodiment, said drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which comprises a metal-organic framework. In the preferred embodiment, the water separated from hydrogen gas in the drying unit (5) is fed by the liquid feeding unit (4) into the reactor body (1). Hydrogen gas, which exits the drying unit (5) in a dehumidified state, is a hydrogen gas that is ready for use.
[0038] A preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one energy conversion unit (6) enabling to put into use hydrogen gas, which is generated in the reactor body (1) as a result of the reaction between the aluminum powder-containing reagent and the water and which is preferably purified from its moisture content in the drying unit (5), by way of conversion of said hydrogen gas into the electrical energy. In a preferred embodiment, said energy conversionunit (6) is a fuel cell. Hydrogen gas delivered to the fuel cell engages in an electrochemical reaction with the oxygen gas in the air, thereby generating the electrical energy. More specifically, hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) engage in an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell to generate the electrical energy and the water (H2O) is released as a by-product. In this process, hydrogen gas is oxidized at the anode and is thus dissociated into protons (H+) and electrons (e~). While the electrons are carried from the outer circuit to the cathode, the oxygen gas (O2) combines at said cathode with the protons and the electrons to thereby form the water. The main function of the fuel cell is to generate the electrical energy from this electrochemical process. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrical energy generated in the fuel cell is put into the use, while the water released as a by-product is delivered by the liquid feeding unit (4) into the reactor body (1), thus enabling the recycling of the water.
[0039] A preferred embodiment of the invention has at least one pressure management unit (7), which checks the pressure inside the reactor body (1) and / or the drying unit (5) and / or the energy conversion unit (6) and enables hydrogen gas to be automatically discharged in case of said pressure exceeding a predefined reference value, thus ensuring the safety of the system.
[0040] The reaction provided below takes place when aluminum contacts the water and hydrogen gas is released:
[0041] 2AI + 6H2O 2AI(OH)3+ 3H2
[0042] The solid products like aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)3) are also formed in addition to hydrogen gas as a result of the reaction of aluminum with water and these products may slow down or completely stop the reaction by accumulating on the surface of aluminum. For this reason, aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)3) released as a result of the reaction should be removed from the reactor body (1). For this purpose, the preferred embodiment of the invention has a by-product management unit (8) and said by-product management unit (8) enables aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)3) to be removed from the reactor body (1). Although being removed from the reactor body (1), said aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)3) still contains some amount of hydrogen and the reaction is allowed to continue in the by-product management unit (8) for a length of time. By allowing the reaction to continue in the by-product management unit (8) for a length of time, it is made possible to clean the reactor body (1) and to make said reactor body (1) ready for the next generation round. In a preferred embodiment, the by-product management unit (8) is a by-product management unit (8), which enables said hydrogen to be delivered into the reactor body (1) and thus, enables the overall efficiency of hydrogen gas generation to be increased.A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises
[0043] - at least one thermometer, which enables the temperature to be monitored and checked in an instant manner, and / or
[0044] - at least one pressure meter, which enables the pressure to be monitored and checked in an instant manner, and / or
[0045] - at least one pH meter, which enables the pH to be monitored and checked in an instant manner, and / or
[0046] - at least one flowmeter, which enables the flow of water and / or hydrogen gas to be monitored and checked in an instant manner,
[0047] wherein said meter / s is / are connected with the electronic control unit.
[0048] In said embodiment, the electronic control unit, by controlling the vibration actuator (2) and / or the reagent feeding unit (3) and / or the liquid feeding unit (4) according to the data received from the thermometer and / or the pressure meter and / or the pH meter and / or the flowmeter, enables the system efficiency and the system safety to be kept under control.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a multi-component reagent, with components combined via mechanochemical methods, to be fed into the reactor body (1) for the purposes of increasing hydrogen generation efficiency and optimizing the reaction kinetics. This structure comprises 70-85% aluminum powder and 15-30% a reaction activator and / or a nano-coating agent. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said reaction activator is an alkali hydroxide and / or a metal chloride and / or a stannate compound. In a preferred embodiment, said nano-coating agent is at least one nano-coating agent selected from carbon-based graphene, carbon nanotube, nanogalvanic metal, tin (Sn), magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn).
[0050] That the reagent feeding unit (3) enables the reagent in the form of pellet (P) to be fed into the reactor body (1) makes it possible to exactly calculate the amount of the aluminum powder delivered into said reactor body (1). The liquid feeding unit (4) in turn delivers into the reactor body (1) the water in an amount that is required for said reagent amount within the stoichiometric ratios, thereby ensuring a highly efficient, continuous, sustainable, and controllable generation of hydrogen gas.In an embodiment of the invention where it is desired to increase hydrogen gas generation capacity, more than one reactor body (1) may be combined to increase hydrogen gas generation capacity.
[0051] The industrial applicability and the technical benefits of the invention are discussed below.
[0052] The reactor body (1) according to the invention and the components that operate in connection with said reactor body (1) are of a directly usable nature under the field conditions. Owing to "Plug and Play" feature, it becomes possible for the users to easily perform the generation of hydrogen without having to have any chemical knowledge (like the knowledge of a chemist, operator, etc.). The free water source makes the effective on-site use of the fuels in the form of pre-produced powder or pellet (P) possible, and in this way, the operational flexibility is enhanced. The reactor according to the invention provides energy savings of up to 99% compared to the conventional hydrogen generation systems, particularly the electrolysis method. For the reactor according to the invention, the energy amount spent per unit of hydrogen generated has been reduced from 50 kWh / kg H2to 0.5 kWh / kg H2. This efficiency is achieved as a result of the system running at the chemical reaction kinetics at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure. Owing to the effective abrasion of the oxide layer on the surface of aluminum by means of the vibration actuator (2) included in the system according to the invention, an approximately threefold increase is achieved in the rate of hydrogen generation, compared to the conventional methods. This makes it possible to achieve hydrogen generation with high efficiency even under the conditions of low temperature. The system according to the invention enables the generation of hydrogen via a process that is entirely carbon-free. While about 10 kg of CO2is released per 1 kg of hydrogen generated in the currently available reforming methods, the system according to the invention achieves this process with zero carbon emission. This is made possible owing to the system employing a reaction mechanism that is based only on aluminum and water. Owing to its lightweight, compact, and modular design, the system according to the invention is of a nature readily usable for the urgent energy needs, for the site applications, and for the mobile energy systems. For example, it may be used as a portable hydrogen generator in the natural disaster areas or in the remote areas with no electricity grid. Owing to the modular structure, the system according to the invention may be scaled according to the need, by connecting more than one reactor body (1) in parallel. The system according to the invention is designed to utilize as fuel not only pure aluminum, but also recycled industrial aluminum wastes, aluminum alloys, and nano-aluminum particles. For example, the aluminum scrap obtained from the automotive and construction industries may be subjected to pretreatment in order to be utilized in the generation of hydrogen. By this means, it becomes possible to both achieve a hydrogengeneration process with lower cost and contribute to the waste management and recycling processes. Aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)3) with 99% purity released in the operational process of the system according to the invention is a commercially utilizable by-product. This substance may be used as a precipitator agent in the water treatment plants, as a filler in the paper industry, and in the production of the flame retardant coatings. Accordingly, the system not only generates hydrogen, but also generates a valuable chemical component and provides additional economic benefit. The multistage purification and drying unit (5) included in the system makes it possible to generate hydrogen gas with a purity of 99.9%. The activated carbon- and silica gel-based drying units (5) separate the moisture and the particles from the gas, thus enabling the generation of hydrogen suitable for the fuel cells and the industrial use. The reactor may include an integral loT-aided smart control system. This system monitors in real time and optimizes the temperature, the pressure, the pH level, and the gas flow. Moreover, hydrogen generation efficiency may be increased by using the artificial intelligencebased algorithms. Owing to the features of remote monitoring and control, the system is enabled to run in a safe and efficient manner in the industrial facilities, in the mobile applications, and in the field operations.
[0053] REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0054] P Pellet
[0055] P1 Pellet surface area
[0056] 1 Reactor body
[0057] 10 Reagent inlet
[0058] 11 Liquid inlet
[0059] 12 Hydrogen gas outlet
[0060] 13 Reactor body bottom surface area
[0061] 2 Vibration actuator
[0062] 21 Vibration transmitter
[0063] 3 Reagent feeding unit
[0064] 4 Liquid feeding unit
[0065] 5 Drying unit
[0066] 6 Energy conversion unit
[0067] 7 Pressure management unit
[0068] 8 By-product management unit
Claims
CLAIMS1. A system for generating hydrogen gas from a reagent containing aluminum characterized in that said system compriseso at least one reactor body (1), in which a reagent containing aluminum comes together with water at stoichiometric ratios and the generation of hydrogen gas is realized as a result of the reaction of said reagent with said water, ando at least one vibration actuator (2), which enables said reaction to start in a homogeneous and controlled manner by enabling the reagent mixture containing aluminum to break down due to the vibration effect, enables said reagent mixture to instantly form a homogeneous solution with said water, enables the removal of the oxidation layer on the surface of aluminum, and enables hydrogen generation efficiency to be increased.
2. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 1 characterized in that the vibration actuator (2) is an ultrasonic vibration actuator (2), which enables the vibration to be performed by means of the sound waves it generates.
3. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 2 characterized in that said system has at least one vibration transmitter (21), which enables the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) to be transferred to the reactor body (1).
4. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 3 characterized in that the vibration transmitter (21) is a vibration transmitter (21), which is connected with the reactor body (1) such that it will contact said reactor body (1) and which transmits the vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) to said reactor body (1).
5. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 3 characterized in that the vibration transmitter (21) is a vibration transmitter (21), which transmits the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) to a mixture of reagent and water inside the reactor body (1).
6. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the vibration actuator (2) is a vibration actuator (2), whichaccelerates the kinetics of the reaction between the aluminum-containing reagent and the water and enables the separation of hydrogen bubbles and the rise of the same to the water surface.
7. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said system has at least one liquid feeding unit (4), which provides the amount of water required for the aluminum-containing reagent to react with water at stoichiometric ratios inside the reactor body (1).
8. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 7 characterized in that the liquid feeding unit (4) is a pump, which enables the water to be dosed into the reactor body (1), whereby said pump enables said water in a desired quantity to be delivered into said reactor body (1) at certain intervals and / or continuously over a desired period of time, and thus enables the reagent to react with water at a stoichiometric ratio.
9. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 8 characterized in that said pump is a peristaltic pump.
10. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said system has at least one reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the reagent that is to react with water to be fed into the reactor body (1).
11. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 10 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the reagent to be dosed into the reactor body (1), whereby said reagent feeding unit (3) enables said reagent in a desired quantity to be delivered into said reactor body (1) at certain intervals and / or continuously over a desired period of time, and thus enables said reagent to react with water at a stoichiometric ratio.
12. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 10 or 11 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables the aluminum- containing reagent in the form of pellet (P) to be delivered into the reactor body (1).
13. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 7-12 characterized in that the reactor body (1) is a reactor body (1), which is configured such that a reactor body bottom surface area (13) is 1.1-1.5 times a pellet surface area (P1) with a view toenable the aluminum-containing reagent prepared via a mechano-chemical method, more specifically, the aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pellet (P), to interact with an amount of water that is 3 to 6 times the amount of said reagent by mass.
14. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 13 characterized in that the reactor body (1) is a reactor body (1), which is configured such that a reactor body bottom surface area (13) is 1.2-1.3 times a pellet surface area (P1) with a view to enable the aluminum-containing reagent prepared via a mechano-chemical method, more specifically, the aluminum-containing reagent in the form of pellet (P), to interact with an amount of water that is 3.5-4.5 times the amount of said reagent by mass.
15. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 2-14 characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration actuator (2) is an ultrasonic vibration actuator (2), which enables the reaction to start in a homogeneous and controlled manner by enabling the pellet (P) containing compressed aluminum to rapidly break down due to the vibration effect, enables the reagents in said pellet (P) to instantly form a solution with the water, and enables the effective removal of the oxidation layer on the surface of aluminum.
16. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 7-15 characterized in that the reactor body (1) has at least one liquid inlet (11), via which the water delivered by the liquid feeding unit (4) enters said reactor body (1).
17. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 10-16 characterized in that the reactor body (1) has at least one reagent inlet (10), via which the reagent delivered by the reagent feeding unit (3) enters.
18. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 7-9 or 10-17 characterized in that said system has at least one electronic control unit, which enables the reagent feeding unit (3) and / or the liquid feeding unit (4) to be controlled.
19. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 18 characterized in that the electronic control unit is an electronic control unit, which enables to determine the amount of reagent to be delivered by the reagent feeding unit (3) into the reactor body (1) and the delivery period thereof as well as the amount of liquid to be delivered by the liquid feeding unit (4) into said reactor body (1), the flow rate thereof, and the deliveryperiod thereof, and which thus ensures that said reagent reacts with said water at stoichiometric ratios.
20. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the reactor body (1) has at least one hydrogen gas outlet (12), via which hydrogen gas released as a result of the reaction between the reagent and the water is discharged.
21. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said system has at least one drying unit (5), which enables to retain the moisture contained in hydrogen gas exiting the reactor body (1).
22. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 21 characterized in that the drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which contains silica gel and / or activated carbon, traps the moisture in hydrogen gas, and rids said hydrogen gas of the impurities.
23. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 21 characterized in that the drying unit (5) is an adsorption-based drying unit (5).
24. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 21 characterized in that the drying unit (5) is a membrane-based and / or chemical reaction-based drying unit (5).
25. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 21 characterized in that the drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which comprises an ion exchange membrane.
26. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 21 characterized in that the drying unit (5) is a drying unit (5), which comprises a metal-organic framework.
27. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 7 or any one of Claims 21-26 characterized in that the liquid feeding unit (4) is a liquid feeding unit (4), which enables the water separated from hydrogen gas in the drying unit (5) to be fed into the reactor body (1).
28. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 21-27 characterized in that said system has at least one energy conversion unit (6) enabling to put into use hydrogen gas, which is generated in the reactor body (1) as a result of the reactionbetween the aluminum powder-containing reagent and the water and which is purified from its moisture content in the drying unit (5), by way of conversion of said hydrogen gas into the electrical energy.
29. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 28 characterized in that the energy conversion unit (6) is a fuel cell.
30. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 7 or 29 characterized in that the liquid feeding unit (4) is a liquid feeding unit (4), which enables the water released as a by-product in the fuel cell to be delivered into the reactor body (1).
31. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 21-30 characterized in that said system has at least one pressure management unit (7), which checks the pressure inside the reactor body (1) and / or the drying unit (5) and / or the energy conversion unit (6) and enables hydrogen gas to be automatically discharged in case of said pressure exceeding a predefined reference value, thus ensuring the safety of the system.
32. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said system has at least one by-product management unit (8), which enables aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)s), released as a result of the reaction between aluminum and water, to be removed from the reactor body (1).
33. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 32 characterized in that the byproduct management unit (8) is a by-product management unit (8), which enables hydrogen gas contained in aluminum hydroxide (AI(OH)s) removed from the reactor body (1) to be delivered into said reactor body (1).
34. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 18-33 characterized in that the electronic control unit comprises at least one thermometer, which enables the temperature to be monitored and checked in an instant manner.
35. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 18-34 characterized in that the electronic control unit comprises at least one pressure meter, which enables the pressure to be monitored and checked in an instant manner.
36. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 18-35 characterized in that the electronic control unit comprises at least one pH meter, which enables the pH to be monitored and checked in an instant manner.
37. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of Claims 18-36 characterized in that the electronic control unit comprises at least one flowmeter, which enables the flow of water and / or hydrogen gas to be monitored and checked in an instant manner.
38. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 10 or 11 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a reagent containing aluminum in the form of pre-produced powder to be fed into the reactor body (1).
39. A hydrogen gas generation system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a multi-component reagent, with components combined via mechanochemical methods, to be fed into the reactor body (1) for the purposes of increasing hydrogen generation efficiency and optimizing the reaction kinetics.
40. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 39 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a reagent containing 70-85% aluminum powder and 15-30% a reaction activator and / or a nanocoating agent to be fed into the reactor body (1).
41. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 40 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a reagent containing an alkali hydroxide and / or a metal chloride and / or a stannate compound as a reaction activator to be fed into the reactor body (1).
42. A hydrogen gas generation system according to Claim 40 or 41 characterized in that the reagent feeding unit (3) is a reagent feeding unit (3), which enables a reagent containing at least one nano-coating agent selected from carbon-based graphene, carbon nanotube, nanogalvanic metal, tin (Sn), magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) to be fed into the reactor body (1).