Oxidizer performance enhancer

Abstract

An oxidizer formulation comprising (i) an oxidizer, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent. A method of reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of a biocide comprising contacting (i) a biocide, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent to form a composition; and contacting the composition to a surface that can be exposed to a microorganism.

Description

OXIDIZER PERFORMANCE ENHANCERCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims benefit and priority of U.S. provisional patent application Serial No. 63 / 745,821 filed January 16, 2025, and entitled “OXIDIZER PERFORMANCE ENHANCER,” which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

[0002] Not applicableTECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to oxidizing agents. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods and compositions for improving the performance of oxidizing agents (oxidizers).BACKGROUND

[0004] Oxidizers and peracids are commonly used around the world to reduce microbial populations, clarify water, or to serve as general oxidizing agents. Oxidizers and peracids (like peroxyacetic acid) are vital industrial chemicals used for powerful disinfection, bleaching, and synthesis, especially in food processing (sanitizing equipment, meat / poultry), water treatment, pulp & paper (bleaching), electronics, and as green chemistry alternatives due to their effectiveness and breakdown into harmless byproducts (oxygen, water, acetic acid).

[0005] Antimicrobials such as chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid and peroxides share a basic mechanism of action which is the chemical oxidation of components. Differing oxidizing agents can yield different types of oxidative structural change and different degrees of oxidation. While oxidizing agents are routinely used in formulations ranging from detergents to biocides, there exist a number of challenges associated with the use of conventional oxidizers. These challenges include, but are not limited to the corrosivity, odor, availability and performance limitations of oxidizers such as peroxides and peracids. An ongoing need exists to develop oxidizing formulations that address one or more of the drawbacks associated with the use of conventional oxidizing agents.BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0006] Disclosed herein is an oxidizer formulation comprising (i) an oxidizer, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent

[0007] Also disclosed herein is a method of reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of a biocide comprising contacting (i) a biocide, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent to form a composition; and contacting the composition to a surface that can be exposed to a microorganism.

[0008] Aspects described herein comprise a combination of features and characteristics intended to address various shortcomings associated with certain prior devices, systems, and methods. The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical characteristics of the disclosed aspects in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. The various characteristics and features described above, as well as others, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description, and by referring to the accompanying drawings. It should be appreciated that the conception and the specific aspects disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes as the disclosed aspects. It should also be realized that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the principles disclosed herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Further features and advantages can be ascertained from the following detailed description that is provided in connection with the drawings described below:

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic depiction of an on-the-fly mixing process for a performance enhancer of the type disclosed herein.

[0011] Figure 2A depicts a side profile of a field ready type of mixing tote or vessel for production of a performance enhancer of the type disclosed herein.

[0012] Figure 2B depicts a top view of a first type of field ready mixing tote or vessel for production of a performance enhancer of the type disclosed herein.

[0013] Figure 2C depicts a top view of a second type of field ready mixing tote or vessel for production of a performance enhancer of the type disclosed herein.

[0014] Figure 3 schematically depicts a process for the preparation of a pre-treatment of fluid using a component of a performance enhancer of the type disclosed herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following discussion is directed to various exemplary aspects. However, one skilled in the art will understand that the examples disclosed herein have broad application, and that the discussion of any aspect is meant only to be exemplary of that aspect, and not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to that aspect.

[0016] Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular features or components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, different persons may refer to the same feature or component by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components or features that differ in name but not function. The drawing figures are not necessarily to scale. Certain features and components herein may be shown exaggerated in scale or in somewhat schematic form and some details of conventional elements may not be shown in interest of clarity and conciseness.

[0017] Unless the context dictates the contrary, all ranges set forth herein should be interpreted as being inclusive of their endpoints, and open-ended ranges should be interpreted to include only commercially practical values. In addition, with respect to all ranges disclosed herein, such ranges are intended to include any combination of the mentioned upper and lower limits even if the particular combination is not specifically listed. All lists of values should be considered as inclusive of intermediate values unless the context indicates the contrary. Where numerical ranges or limitations are expressly stated, such express ranges or limitations should be understood to include iterative ranges or limitations of like magnitude falling within the expressly stated ranges or limitations (e.g., from about 1 to about 10 includes, 2, 3, 4, etc.; greater than 0.10 includes 0.11 , 0.12, 0.13, etc.).

[0018] In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to... .” As used herein, the phrases “consist(s) of’ and “consisting of” are used to refer to exclusive components of a composition, meaning only those expressly recited components are included in the composition; whereas the phrases “consist(s) essentially of’ and “consisting essentially of” are used to refer to the primary components of a composition, meaning that only small or trace amounts of components other than the expressly recited components (e.g., impurities, byproducts, etc.) may be included in the composition. For example, a composition consisting of X and Y refers to a composition that only includes X and Y, and thus, does not include anyother components; and a composition consisting essentially of X and Y refers to a composition that primarily comprises X and Y, but may include small or trace amounts of components other than X and Y. In aspects described herein any such small or trace amounts of components other than those expressly recited following the phrase “consist (s) essentially of” or “consisting essentially of” preferably represent less than 5.0 wt.% of the composition, more preferably less than 4.0 wt.% of the composition even more preferably less than 3.0 wt.% of the composition, and still more preferably less than 1.0 wt.% of the composition. Use of broader terms such as comprises, includes, having, etc. should be understood to provide support for narrower terms such as consisting of, consisting essentially of, comprised substantially of, etc. Use of the term “optionally” with respect to any element of a claim is intended to mean that the subject element is required, or additionally or alternatively, is not required. Both alternatives are intended to be within the scope of the claim. As used herein, the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially,” and the like mean within 10% (i.e., plus or minus 10%) of the recited value. Thus, for example, a recited angle of “about 80 degrees” refers to an angle ranging from 72 degrees to 88 degrees.

[0019] Disclosed herein are improved oxidizer formulations, herein designated IOF. In one or more aspects, the IOF comprises (i) an oxidizing agent (ii) a sugar oxidation product and (iii) an optional solvent. Herein the IOF may be improved with respect to biocide efficacy, oxidizing efficacy or both. In one or more aspects, the IOF can exhibit an improved biocide efficacy which can be reflected as a reduced dosage of material to inhibit bacterial growth also termed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC is the lowest concentration of an antibiotic or antimicrobial drug that stops the visible growth of a specific bacterium or fungus in a lab setting, measured in pg / mL or mg / L. With respect to oxidizing efficacy, the IOF can exhibit an improved oxidizing efficacy which can be reflected as a higher ORP (oxidation reduction potential), which indicates higher oxidizer performance. The ORP is a measure of a solution's ability to gain or lose electrons, indicating its oxidizing or reducing power, expressed in millivolts (mV).

[0020] In one or more aspects, an oxidizing agent suitable for use in the IOF comprises a peracid, a peroxide or combinations thereof. Oxidizers are substances that accept electrons in a chemical reaction, often by yielding oxygen. Both peroxides and peracids are characterized by the presence of a highly reactive oxygen-oxygen single bond (O-O), which has a low dissociation energy allowing them to readily decompose to form free radicals.

[0021] In other aspects, an oxidizing agent suitable for use in the IOF comprises hydrogen peroxide, peracids, peracetic acid, peroxy-uronic acid, peroxy-aldaric acid, bleach, chlorine dioxide, halogenated compounds such as bromines, bromates, or combinations thereof. In other aspects, an oxidizing agent suitable for use in the IOF comprises organic peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, monoperoxycarbonates, peroxyketals, peroxyesters, dialkyl peroxides, hydroperoxides or a combination thereof. In yet other aspects, an oxidizing agent suitable for use in the IOF comprises hydrogen peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, phthaloyl peroxide or a combination thereof.

[0022] In one or more aspects, the peracid comprises, peracetic acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, peroxynitric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, (meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid), peracetic acid (peroxyacetic acid), trifluoroperacetic acid, performic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, peroxynonanoic acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro’s acid), peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, peroxycarbonic acid or combinations thereof.

[0023] An oxidizing agent may be present in the IOF in an amount ranging from about 1 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the IOF, additionally or alternatively from about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.%, additionally or alternatively from about 20 wt.% to about 75 wt.%; additionally or alternatively from about 30 wt.% to about 65 wt.%, additionally or alternatively from about 40 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, additionally or alternatively about 1 wt.%, about 2 wt.%, about 4 wt.%, about 6 wt.%, about 8 wt.%, about 10 wt.%, about 12 wt.%, about 14 wt.%, about 16 wt.%, about 18 wt.%, about 20 wt.%, about 22 wt.%, about 24 wt.%, about 26 wt.%, about 28 wt.%, about 30 wt.%, about 32 wt.%, about 34 wt.%, about 36 wt.%, about 38 wt.%, about 40 wt.%, about 42 wt.%, about 44 wt.%, about 46 wt.%, about 48 wt.%, about 50 wt.%, about 52 wt.%, about 54 wt.%, about 56 wt.%, about 58 wt.%, about 60 wt.%, about 62 wt.%, about 64 wt.%, about 66 wt.%, about 68 wt.%, about 70 wt.%, about 72 wt.%, about 74 wt.%, about 76 wt.%, about 78 wt.%, about 80 wt.%, about 82 wt.%, about 84 wt.%, about 86 wt.%, about 88 wt.%, or about 90 wt.%.

[0024] In one or more aspects, the IOF comprises one or more sugar oxidation products. In one or more aspects, the one or more sugar oxidation products are oxidation products of glucose.

[0025] Additionally or alternatively, in an aspect, the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a glucose oxidation product, a gluconic acid oxidation product, a gluconate, or a combination thereof. The glucose oxidation product, gluconic acid oxidation product, or combination thereof may be buffered to a suitable pH.

[0026] Additionally or alternatively, the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise glucaric acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose oxidation products, gluconic acid oxidation products or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise galactonic acid, galactaric acid, an oxidation product comprising predominantly (e.g., greater than about 50 weight percent) galactonic acid and / or galactaric acid with minor component species of n-keto-acids, C2 to Ce diacids or a combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, in one or more aspects, the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise glutamic acid. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise glucodialdose, 2-ketoglucose or a combination thereof.

[0027] In an aspect, the one or more one or more sugar oxidation products comprise less than about 5 wt.% maltose, maltotriose, fructose, higher molecular weight polysaccharides, oxidation products thereof ora combination thereof based on the total weight of the IOF.

[0028] In an aspect, the one or more one or more sugar oxidation products comprise glucaric acid, gluconic acid or a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid. In one or more aspects, the IOF comprises a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid where the ratio of gluconic acid:glucaric acid may range from about 0.1:10 to about 10:0.1, alternatively about 0.15:10, or about 0.5:10, about 1:10, about 1 :5, about 1 :4, about 1 :3, about 1 :2, about 1:1, about 10:0.1 , about 10:0.5, about 10:1, about 5: 1 , about 4: 1 , about 3:1, or about 2:1.

[0029] In one or more aspects, the one or more sugar oxidation products are present in an amount of about 0.1 wt.%, or about 0.25 wt.%, or about 0.5 wt.%, or about 0.75 wt.%, or about 1 wt.%, or about 1.25 wt.%, or about 1.5 wt.%, or about 1.75 wt.%, or about 2 wt.%, or about 2.25 wt.%, or about 2.5 wt.%, or about 2.75 wt.%, or about 3 wt.%, or about 3.25 wt.%, or about 3.5 wt.%, or about 3.75 wt.%, or about 4 wt.%, or about 4.25 wt.%, or about 4.5 wt.%, or about 4.75 wt.%, or about 5 wt.%, or about 10 wt.%, or about 12.5 wt.%, or about 15 wt.%, or about 17.5 wt.%, or about 20 wt.%, or about 22.5 wt.%, or about 25 wt.%, or about 27.5 wt.%, or about 30 wt.%, or about 32.5 wt.%, or about 35 wt.%, or about 37.5 wt.%, or about 40 wt.%, or about 42.5 wt.%, or about 45 wt.%,or about 47.5 wt.%, or about 50 wt.%, or about 52.5 wt.%, or about 55 wt.%, or about 57.5 wt.%, or about 60 wt.%, or about 62.5 wt.%, or about 65 wt.%, or about 67.5 wt.%, or about 70 wt.%, or about 72.5 wt.%, or about 75 wt.%, or about 77.5 wt.%, or about 80 wt.%, or about 82.5 wt.%, or about 85 wt.%, or about 87.5 wt.%, or about 90 wt.%, or about 92.5 wt.%, or about 95 wt.%, or about 97.5 wt.%, or about 100 wt.%, or about 0.1 wt.% to about 100 wt.%, or about 1 wt.% to about 95 wt.%, or about 5 wt.% to about 90 wt.%, or about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.%, or about 15 wt.% to about 85 wt.%, or about 20 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, or about 25 wt.% to about 75 wt.%, or about 40 wt.% to about 60 wt.%, or about 50 wt.%, or about 0.1 wt.% to about 10 wt.%, or about 1 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, or about 5 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, or about 1 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, or from about 5 wt.% to about 80 wt.%, or from about 1 wt.% to about 55 wt.% or about 20 wt.% to about 75 wt.% based on the total weight of the IOF. In some aspects, the IOF has one or more sugar oxidation products present in an amount between any of the end points listed herein. In alternative aspects, the one or more sugar oxidation products may be present in the IOF in an amount ranging from about 0.01 weight percent (wt.%) to about 80 wt.%, alternatively from about 0.01 wt.% to about 10 wt.%, alternatively from about 20 wt.% to about 80 wt.% or alternatively, from about 1 wt.% to about 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the IOF.

[0030] In one or more aspects, an IOF further comprises a solvent. Any solvent compatible with the IOF components and application may be used. Nonlimiting examples of solvents suitable for use in the IOF include aqueous fluids, polyols, alcohols and combinations thereof.

[0031] In one or more aspects, the IOF is used to provide an increased number of oxidized species. In other aspects, the IOF is used to reduce the level of microorganisms in a system. The performance of an IOF can be measured using any suitable methodology. Nonlimiting examples of these methodologies include (1) microbial efficacy testing; (2) kill studies; (3) oxidizer reduction potential (ORP, measured in mV); (4) water clarification testing and (5) NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) or FAU (Formazin Attenuation Units).

[0032] The IOF may be prepared by contacting the oxidizing agent, sugar oxidation product and optional solvent in the indicated amounts using any suitable device to afford adequate mixing of the IOF components. In some aspects, the IOF is formed on site such that the components of the IOF are contacted in proximity of the operation utilizing the IOF. For example, a sugar oxidation product (e.g., gluconic acid) and a peracid (e.g.,peracetic acid) may be introduced into separate feedlines which comingle at some later point before being conveyed via one or more conduits to perform its intended function. Figure 1 depicts an exemplary process 100 for formulation of an IOF on the fly. With reference to Figure 1, the IOF components either singularly or combined may be introduced from separate container, 110, and 120 via lines 105 and 135 respectively. Materials entering through line 115 may be conveyed to a first mixing valve 115 and subsequently conveyed to a second mixing valve I25 via line 105. The material in container 120 may also be conveyed via line 135 to line 125. A homogenous material may exit mixing valve 125 via line 105 and the formulated IOF is conveyed to its intended location.

[0033] Other examples of elements that may be used in the formation of an IOF include a static mixer, valve manifold, tee or combination thereof. Compartmentalized totes or vessels depicted in Figures 1 and 2 can be used in the formation of an IOF. An IOF of the type disclosed herein can be shipped, and “activated” in the field prior to use. In one or more aspects, a tote or vessel for use in the present disclosure comprises a plurality partitions with proper fittings and check valves. In such aspects, the individual components of IOF may be distributed among the plurality of compartments and subsequently introduced (individually or in combination) to one or more conduits, comingled and conveyed to its intended location.

[0034] Another exemplary processes for the formation of an IOF 200 is depicted in Figure 3. With reference to Figure 3, components of the IOF can be introduced separately from mixing containers 210, 220 and 230. For example, disposed within container 210 may be conveyed to a first mixer 215 via line 205 while another component disposed within container 220 may be conveyed to a second container 230 via line 235. Container 230 may contain a component of the IOF to which the material form container 220 is added. The contents of container 230 may be conveyed to mixer 225 via line 245 where the IOF is formulated and conveyed to is intended location.

[0035] In one or more aspects, a mixing container for use in the present disclosure contains multiple compartments which can be opened individually to allow the components present in each compartment to be contacted in one or more user and / or application desired sequence. In one or more aspects, the IOF is formed by the (a) inline mixing of oxidizers and sugar oxidation products; (b) mixing of oxidizing agents and sugar oxidation products at the point of use; and / or (c) pre-treatment of fluids with sugar oxidation products prior to addition of oxidizing agents.

[0036] Disclosed herein is a method of use for a synergistic combination of oxidizing agents, peracids and sugar oxidation products. Also disclosed herein are compositions of peracids and sugar oxidation products that yielded unexpected performance advantages. Also disclosed herein are biocides that may be used in combination with sugar oxidation products, resulting in a MIC (minimum inhibitor concentration) that is significantly lower than the MIC observed with the biocide alone. Furthermore, by reducing the MIC associated with a biocide’s active ingredient, this allows for biocides to be used in a more efficient manner. For example, stocks of biocide may last longer, supply chains may be simplified and streamlined, resulting in lean logistical practices to be observed.

[0037] Disclosed herein is a method of use for a synergistic combination of oxidizing agents, peracids and sugar oxidation products. Also disclosed herein are compositions of peracids and sugar oxidation products that yielded unexpected performance advantages. Also disclosed herein are biocides that may be used in combination with sugar oxidation products, resulting in a MIC (minimum inhibitor concentration) that is significantly lower than the MIC observed with the biocide alone. In one or more aspects, an IOF may be used in conjunction with a biocide. Herein, biocides refer to active substances and preparations containing one or more active substances, that are intended to destroy, deter, render harmless, prevent the action of, or otherwise exert a controlling effect on one or more pathogens by chemical or biological means. However, the term biocide is commonly used as synonym of antimicrobial agent or disinfectant / sanitizers. In such cases the term biocide can be differentiated and defined independently as follows (a) biocides which refer to active substances that above certain concentrations and defined conditions will kill cells within specified times; antimicrobial agents which refer to active substances that have adverse effects on the growth or survival of microorganisms and; disinfectants / sanitizers which refer to formulations containing active substances that are safe for the application to inanimate surfaces and which kill specified groups of disease-producing microorganisms within specified times.

[0038] Nonlimiting examples of biocides that may be used in conjunction with the IOF include benzoic acids, sorbic acids, sodium sulfite, propionates, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphonium salts, tetrakis hydroxymethyl-phosphonium sulfates and chlorides, citric acid, bronopol, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), glutaraldehyde, 2,2-dibromo-3-nithlopropionamide (DBNPA), 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 ,3-diol (BRONOPOL), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- sothiazolin-3-one (CMIT), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), a mixture of CMIT and MIT, ichloro-1 ,2-dithiol-3-one, 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, ortho-phthalaldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds ("quats") such as n-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC) or alkenyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, guanidines, biguanidines, pyrithiones, carbamates, 3-iodopropynyl- N-butylcarbamate, phosphonium salts such as tetrakis ydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 3,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione (Dazomet), 2- (thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT), chlorine, alkali and alkaline earth hypochlorite salts, hypochlorous acid, chlorinated isocyanurates, bromine, alkali and alkaline earth hypobromite salts, hypobromous acid, bromine chloride, chlorine dioxide, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, peroxy compounds, such as peracetic acid, performic acid, percarbonate or persulfate salts, halogenated hydantoins, methylhydantoins such as chlorobromodimethylhydantoin, monochloramines, monobromamines, dihaloamines, trihaloamines, active halogen compounds reacted with other nitrogenous compounds such as urea, salts thereof or combinations thereof. The amount of biocide for use in conjunction with the IOF will vary depending on the application and may be determined by one of ordinary skill in the art with the benefits of the present disclosure.

[0039] By reducing the MIC associated with a biocide’s active ingredient, this allows for biocides to be used in a more efficient manner. For example, stocks of biocide may last longer, supply chains may be simplified and streamlined, resulting in lean logistical practices to be observed.

[0040] In one or more aspects, the IOF functions as an antimicrobial agent. In some aspects, the antimicrobial agent is one or more of: bactericide, fungicide, sporicide, algaecide, antiviral, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the IOF provides one or more of (i) short-term elimination of microbial activity, (ii) long-term provision of an essentially microbe-free environment, or (iii) resistance to postproduction contamination, including any combination thereof.

[0041] Examples of applications of the IOF include disinfectant and sanitizing formulations, insect repellent, antimicrobial, attractant, sterilizer, disinfectant, sanitizer, fungicide, nematocide, fumigant, herbicide, defoliant, desiccant, antifoulant, insecticide, rodenticide, algaecide, preservative, molluscicide, water purifier, bleaching agents, and water clarifiers.

[0042] In one or more aspects, an IOF of the type disclosed herein (e.g., peracetic acid and sugar oxidation product) is used for food sanitization purposes. Nonlimiting examples of food sanitization purposes include animal processing, poultry chillers, finishing chillers, poultry dip tanks, vegetable and fruit washing, food contact disinfection and sanitizers, and cleaning in place applications. The IOF will be effective with common microbes and organisms nonlimiting examples of which include E. coli, Staphylococcus Aureus, Campylobacter, salmonella, C. Jejuni, and listeria. In one or more aspects, the IOF comprising a biocide has a minimum inhibitory concentration that is reduced by from about 20% to about 80% when compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the biocide alone, additionally or alternatively from about 20% to about 75%, additionally form about 20% to about 50%.

[0043] lOFs of the present disclosure have an increased oxidizing performance. Nonlimiting examples of applications of the IOF include disinfectant and sanitizing formulations, insect repellent, antimicrobial, attractant, sterilizer, disinfectant, sanitizer, fungicide, nematocide, fumigant, herbicide, defoliant, desiccant, antifoulant, insecticide, rodenticide, algaecide, preservative, molluscicide, water purifier, bleaching agents, and water clarifiers.ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE

[0044] The following are nonlimiting aspects of the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0045] A first aspect which is an oxidizer formulation comprising (i) an oxidizer, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent.

[0046] A second aspect which is the formulation of the first aspect, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises a peracid, a peroxide or combinations thereof.

[0047] A third aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through second aspects wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, peroxy-uronic acid, peroxy-aldaric acid, bleach, chlorine dioxide, bromines, bromates, organic peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, monoperoxycarbonates, peroxyketals, peroxyesters, dialkyl peroxides, hydroperoxides di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, phthaloyl peroxide, peroxymonosulfuric acid, peroxynitric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, (meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid), trifluoroperacetic acid, performic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, peroxynonanoic acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro’sacid), peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, peroxycarbonic acid, or combinations thereof.

[0048] A fourth aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through third aspects wherein the oxidizing agent is present in an amount of from about 1 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

[0049] A fifth aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through fourth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are derived from glucose.

[0050] A sixth aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through fifth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a gluconic acid oxidation product, a gluconate, glucaric acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose oxidation products, gluconic acid oxidation products, galactonic acid and / or galactaric acid with minor component species of n-keto-acids, C2 to C6 diacids, glutamic acid, glucodialdose, 2-ketoglucose or a combination thereof.

[0051] A seventh aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through sixth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid.

[0052] An eighth aspect which is the formulation of the seventh aspect wherein a ratio of gluconic acid:glucaric acid may range from about 0.1:10 to about 10:0.1.

[0053] A ninth aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through eighth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are present in an amount of from about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

[0054] A tenth aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through ninth aspects wherein the optional solvent comprises aqueous fluids, polyols, alcohols or combinations thereof.

[0055] An eleventh aspect which is the formulation of any of the first through tenth aspects further comprising a biocide.

[0056] A twelfth aspect which is the formulation of the eleventh aspect wherein the biocide comprises benzoic acids, sorbic acids, sodium sulfite, propionates, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphonium salts, tetrakis hydroxymethyl-phosphonium sulfates and chlorides, citric acid, bronopol, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), glutaraldehyde, 2,2-dibromo-3- nithlopropionamide (DBNPA), 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 ,3-diol (BRONOPOL), 5- chloro-2-methyl~4- sothiazolin-3-one (OMIT), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), a mixture of OMIT and MIT, 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, ortho-phthalaldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds. N-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), alkenyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, guanidines, biguanidines, pyrithiones, carbamates, 3-iodopropynyl- N-butylcarbamate, phosphonium salts, tetrakis ydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 3,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione (Dazomet), 2- (thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT), chlorine, alkali hypochlorite salts , alkaline earth hypochlorite salts, halogenated hydantoins, methylhydantoins chlorobromodimethylhydantoin, monochloramines, monobromamines, dihaloamines, trihaloamines, or combinations thereof.

[0057] A thirteenth aspect which is the formulation of any of the eleventh through twelfth aspects having a minimum inhibitory concentration that is reduced by from about 20% to about 80% when compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the biocide alone.

[0058] A fourteenth aspect which is a method of reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of a biocide comprising: contacting (i) a biocide, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent to form a composition; and contacting the composition to a surface that can be exposed to a microorganism.

[0059] A fifteenth aspect which is the method of the fourteenth aspect wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are derived from glucose.

[0060] A sixteenth aspect which is the method of any of the fourteenth through fifteenth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a gluconic acid oxidation product, a gluconate, glucaric acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose oxidation products, gluconic acid oxidation products, galactonic acid and / or galactaric acid with minor component species of n-keto-acids, C2 to C6 diacids, glutamic acid, glucodialdose, 2-ketoglucose ora combination thereof.

[0061] A seventeenth aspect which is the method of any of the fourteenth through sixteenth aspects wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid.

[0062] An eighteenth aspect which is the method of any of the fourteenth through seventeenth aspects, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are present in an amount of from about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

[0063] A nineteenth aspect which is the method of any of the fourteenth through eighteenth aspects wherein the biocide comprises benzoic acids, sorbic acids, sodiumsulfite, propionates, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphonium salts, tetrakis hydroxymethyl-phosphonium sulfates and chlorides, citric acid, bronopol, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), glutaraldehyde, 2,2-dibromo-3- nithlopropionamide (DBNPA), 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 ,3-diol (BRONOPOL), 5- chloro-2-methyl-4- sothiazolin-3-one (OMIT), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), a mixture of OMIT and MIT, 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, ortho-phthalaldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds. N-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), alkenyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, guanidines, biguanidines, pyrithiones, carbamates, 3-iodopropynyl- N-butylcarbamate, phosphonium salts, tetrakis ydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 3,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione (Dazomet), 2- (thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT), chlorine, alkali hypochlorite salts , alkaline earth hypochlorite salts, halogenated hydantoins, methylhydantoins chlorobromodimethylhydantoin, monochloramines, monobromamines, dihaloamines, trihaloamines, or combinations thereof.

[0064] A twentieth aspect which is the method of any of the fourteenth through nineteenth aspects wherein the composition has a minimum inhibitory concentration that is reduced by from about 20% to about 80% when compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the biocide alone.EXAMPLES

[0065] The presently disclosed subject matter having been generally described, the following examples are given as particular aspects of the subject matter and to demonstrate the practice and advantages thereof. It is understood that the examples are given byway of illustration and are not intended to limit the specification or the claims in any manner.EXAMPLE 1

[0066] The ability of peracetic acid to function as a biocide was investigated. Using a 96 well microtiter method, the MIC of peracetic acid (PAA) as a biocide was measured using 3 microorganisms: P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and a general wild strain bacteria. The samples tested contained either 15 weight percent wt.% PAA (Sample 1) ora blend of 15 wt.% PAA and a mixture of the sugar oxidation products, designated SOP, glucaric and gluconic acid (Sample 2). The results are presented in Table 1.Table 1

[0067] The use of a mixture of sugar oxidation products and the oxidizing agent PAA led to a decrease in MIC when compared to the MIC observed with PAA alone. The efficacy of Samples 1 and 2 as antimicrobial agents was evaluated again using strains ATCC E.coli and an E.coli from a water treatment plant. The results are presented in Table 2.Table 2

[0068] The results presented in Table 2 indicate again the antimicrobial activity of the mixture of PAA and an SOP was greater than that observed using PAA alone.

[0069] Another IOF was prepared using peracetic acid and an SOP which was a blend of glucaric and gluconic acid. Samples 3, 4 and 5 contained 15 wt.% PAA and 50 ppm of an SOP mixture where the ratio of sugar oxidation products ranged from 0.3 to 3.5. Sample C was a reference sample contained 15 wt.% PAA. The antimicrobial activity of each sample was tested using the bacterial strain E. coliATCC 8739 and the results are presented in Table 3.Table 3

[0070] The subject matter having been shown and described, modifications thereof can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and teachings of the subject matter. The aspects described herein are exemplary only and are not intended to be limiting. Many variations and modifications of the subject matter disclosed herein are possible and are within the scope of the disclosed subject matter. Where numerical ranges or limitations are expressly stated, such express ranges or limitations should beunderstood to include iterative ranges or limitations of like magnitude falling within the expressly stated ranges or limitations (e.g., from about 1 to about 10 includes, 2, 3, 4, etc.; greater than 0.10 includes 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, etc.). Use of the term "optionally" with respect to any element of a claim is intended to mean that the subject element is required, or alternatively, is not required. Both alternatives are intended to be within the scope of the claim. Use of broader terms such as comprises, includes, having, etc. should be understood to provide support for narrower terms such as consisting of, consisting essentially of, comprised substantially of, etc.

[0071] Accordingly, the scope of protection is not limited by the description set out above but is only limited by the claims which follow, that scope including all equivalents of the subject matter of the claims. Each and every claim is incorporated into the specification as an aspect of the present disclosure. Thus, the claims are a further description and are an addition to the aspects of the present invention. The discussion of a reference herein is not an admission that it is prior art to the presently disclosed subject matter, especially any reference that may have a publication date after the priority date of this application. The disclosures of all patents, patent applications, and publications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference, to the extent that they provide exemplary, procedural or other details supplementary to those set forth herein.

[0072] Furthermore, the IOF utilizes a sugar oxidation product which is readily biodegradable. Therefore, an IOF of the present disclosure reduces the overall environmental impact associated with these chemistries. Additionally, the use of a biodegradable sugar oxidation product with a biocide will lead one to believe that there will be detrimental effects to the biocide, as the biodegradable chelating agents may act as a metabolite source, especially as this chelating agent is derived from sugar. However, the results from the study speak otherwise, which is an unexpected result.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An oxidizer formulation, comprising:(i) an oxidizer;(ii) one or more sugar oxidation products; and(iii) an optional solvent.

2. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises a peracid, a peroxide or combinations thereof.

3. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, peroxy-uronic acid, peroxy-aldaric acid, bleach, chlorine dioxide, bromines, bromates, organic peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, monoperoxycarbonates, peroxyketals, peroxyesters, dialkyl peroxides, hydroperoxides di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tertbutyl hydroperoxide, phthaloyl peroxide, peroxymonosulfuric acid, peroxynitric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, (metachloroperoxybenzoic acid), trifluoroperacetic acid, performic acid, peroxybenzoic acid, phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid, monoperoxyphthalic acid, peroxynonanoic acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid (Caro’s acid), peroxydisulfuric acid, peroxyphosphoric acid, peroxycarbonic acid, or combinations thereof.

4. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is present in an amount of from about 1 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

5. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are derived from glucose.

6. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a gluconic acid oxidation product, a gluconate, glucaric acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose oxidation products, gluconic acid oxidation products, galactonic acid and / or galactaric acid with minor component species of n-keto-acids, C2 to Ce diacids, glutamic acid, glucodialdose, 2-ketoglucose ora combination thereof.

7. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid.

8. The formulation of claim 7, wherein a ratio of gluconic acid:glucaric acid may range from about 0.1:10 to about 10:0.1.

9. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are present in an amount of from about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

10. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the optional solvent comprises aqueous fluids, polyols, alcohols or combinations thereof.

11. The formulation of claim 1 , further comprising a biocide.

12. The formulation of claim 11 , wherein the biocide comprises benzoic acids, sorbic acids, sodium sulfite, propionates, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphonium salts, tetrakis hydroxy methylphosphonium sulfates and chlorides, citric acid, bronopol, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), glutaraldehyde, 2,2-dibromo-3- nithlopropionamide (DBNPA), 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 ,3-diol (BRONOPOL), 5- chloro-2-methyl-4-sothiazolin-3-one (OMIT), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), a mixture of OMIT and MIT, 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, ortho-phthalaldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds. N-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), alkenyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, guanidines, biguanidines, pyrithiones, carbamates, 3-iodopropynyl- N-butylcarbamate, phosphonium salts, tetrakis ydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 3,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione (Dazomet), 2- (thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT), chlorine, alkali hypochlorite salts , alkaline earth hypochlorite salts, halogenated hydantoins, methylhydantoins chlorobromodimethylhydantoin, monochloramines, monobromamines, dihaloamines, trihaloamines, or combinations thereof.

13. The formulation of claim 12, having a minimum inhibitory concentration that is reduced by from about 20% to about 80% when compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the biocide alone.

14. A method of reducing the minimum inhibitory concentration of a biocide, the method comprising:contacting (i) a biocide, (ii) one or more sugar oxidation products, and (iii) an optional solvent to form a composition; andcontacting the composition to a surface that can be exposed to a microorganism.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are derived from glucose.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a gluconic acid oxidation product, a gluconate, glucaric acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose oxidation products, gluconic acid oxidation products, galactonic acid and / or galactaric acid with minor component species of n-keto-acids, C2 to Ce diacids, glutamic acid, glucodialdose, 2-ketoglucose ora combination thereof.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products comprise a mixture of gluconic acid and glucaric acid.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more sugar oxidation products are present in an amount of from about 10 wt.% to about 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the formulation.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the biocide comprises benzoic acids, sorbic acids, sodium sulfite, propionates, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium compounds, brominated organic compounds, phosphonium salts, tetrakis hydroxy methylphosphonium sulfates and chlorides, citric acid, bronopol, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), glutaraldehyde, 2,2-dibromo-3- nithlopropionamide (DBNPA), 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1 ,3-diol (BRONOPOL), 5- chloro-2-methyl-4-sothiazolin-3-one (OMIT), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), a mixture of OMIT and MIT, 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one, 1 ,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, ortho-phthalaldehyde,quaternary ammonium compounds. N-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), alkenyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride, guanidines, biguanidines, pyrithiones, carbamates, 3-iodopropynyl- N-butylcarbamate, phosphonium salts, tetrakis ydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 3,5-dimethyl-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione (Dazomet), 2- (thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT), chlorine, alkali hypochlorite salts , alkaline earth hypochlorite salts, halogenated hydantoins, methylhydantoins chlorobromodimethylhydantoin, monochloramines, monobromamines, dihaloamines, trihaloamines, or combinations thereof.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the composition has a minimum inhibitory concentration that is reduced by from about 20% to about 80% when compared to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the biocide alone.

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