Approaches to characterizing patient mobility through analysis of pressure-mitigation device usage

Abstract

Introduced here are approaches to gleaning insights into patient mobility through the analysis of usage of pressure-mitigation systems (or simply "systems"). A system can include one or more controller devices (or simply "controllers") and one or more pressure-mitigation devices, each of which includes a series of selectively inflatable chambers. When a pressure-mitigation device is placed between a living body and an object, a controller can circulate fluid through the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device to shift the force that is applied by the object to the living body. Insights can be gleaned through analysis of usage of pressure-mitigation devices by patients. For example, if a pressure-mitigation device is deployed on a surface of an object and a patient is situated thereon, insights into mobility of the patient can be gleaned by monitoring usage of the pressure-mitigation device, and these mobility insights may lead to insights into health of the patient.

Description

PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001APPROACHES TO CHARACTERIZING PATIENT MOBILITY THROUGH ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE-MITIGATION DEVICEUSAGECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to US Provisional Application No. 63 / 746,186, titled “Approaches to Gleaning Insights in Patient Mobility Through Analysis of Usage of Pressure-Mitigation Devices and Utilizing the Same for Establishing Patient Health” and filed on January 16, 2025, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Various embodiments concern approaches to gleaning insights into patient mobility and health through analysis of usage of pressure-mitigation devices, as well as using those insights as an indicator of potential health problems.BACKGROUND

[0003] In clinical practice, healthcare professionals routinely rely on a set of physiological measurements, commonly referred to as “vital signs,” as proxies for assessing the health status of a patient. Examples of vital signs include heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and blood oxygen saturation. These measurements provide quantifiable indicators of underlying physiological processes and are widely used to detect changes in a patient’s condition, evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, and identify emerging health risks. Because vital signs can be measured repeatedly and compared against known baselines or clinical thresholds, they enable healthcare professionals to make informed decisions regarding diagnosis, treatment plans, escalation of care, and readiness for discharge.

[0004] Vital signs are particularly valuable in healthcare settings where continuous or frequent clinical assessment is impractical. For example, in hospitals, nursing homes, and long-term care facilities, changes in vital signs may prompt additional diagnostic testing, intervention, or closer monitoring, while stable vital signs may support decisions185077836.1 1PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 to reduce monitoring intensity or transition a patient to a lower level of care. As such, vital signs serve not only as indicators of current physiological state, but also as predictive tools that inform clinical workflow, resource allocation, and patient management over time.185077836.1 2PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] Various features of the technologies described herein will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by studying the Detailed Description in conjunction with the following drawings. Embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the following drawings, in which like references may indicate similar elements.

[0006] Figures 1 A-B are top and bottom views, respectively, of a pressure-mitigation device able to relieve the pressure on an anatomical region applied by the surface of an elongated object, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0007] Figure 2 is a top view of a pressure-mitigation device able to relieve the pressure on an anatomical region applied by the surface of a non-elongated object, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0008] Figure 3 is a partially schematic top view of a pressure-mitigation device illustrating how a pressure gradient can be created by varying pressure distributions to avoid ischemia in a mobility-impaired patient, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0009] Figure 4A is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation device for relieving pressure on a specific anatomical region by deflating chamber(s), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0010] Figure 4B is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation device for relieving pressure on a specific anatomical region by inflating chamber(s), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0011] Figures 5A-C are isometric, front, and back views, respectively, of a controller device (also called a “controller”) for initiating inflation and / or deflation of the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0012] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a controller in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.185077836.1 3PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0013] Figure 7 is an isometric view of a manifold for controlling the flow of fluid (e.g., air) to the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0014] Figure 8 is a generalized electrical diagram illustrating how the piezoelectric valves of a manifold can separately control the flow of fluid along multiple channels, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0015] Figure 9 is a flow diagram of a process for varying pressure in the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device positioned between a human body and a support surface, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0016] Figure 10 is a flow diagram of a process for establishing movements of the human body situated on a pressure-mitigation device without placing any sensors in direct contact with the human body, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0017] Figure 11 depicts an example of a communication environment that includes a controller communicably coupled to a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0018] Figure 12 is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation system (or simply “system”) for orienting a user over a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0019] Figures 13A-C are partially schematic views of a communication environment that includes a controller communicably coupled to pressure-mitigation devices deployed on a bed and a chair, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0020] Figures 14A-C are partially schematic views of a communication environment that includes multiple controllers communicably coupled to pressure-mitigation devices deployed on a bed and a chair, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0021] Figure 15 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface for a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.185077836.1 4PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0022] Figures 16A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface for patient summaries within a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0023] Figure 17 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface for managing patient issues within a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0024] Figures 18A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface for accessing patient history within a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0025] Figures 19A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface for displaying controller information within a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0026] Figure 20 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface for a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0027] Figure 21 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface for managing patient issues within a hospital unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology.

[0028] Various features of the technologies described herein will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from a study of the Detailed Description in conjunction with the drawings. Embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the drawings. While the drawings depict various embodiments for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art will recognize that alternative embodiments may be employed without departing from the principles of the technologies. Accordingly, while specific embodiments are shown in the drawings, the technology is amenable to various modifications.185077836.1 5PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In addition to traditional physiological measurements, patient movement has been increasingly recognized as a meaningful indicator of health and functional status. The ability of a patient to move, reposition, or perform spontaneous micro-adjustments has been associated with factors such as neuromuscular function, circulation, pain, fatigue, and overall mobility. Consequently, movement has been envisioned as a “pseudo-vital sign” that reflects a patient’s physical condition and recovery trajectory, particularly for patients with limited mobility, those recovering from surgery, or those receiving inpatient or long-term care.

[0030] Despite its clinical relevance, accurately monitoring patient movement has long presented technical challenges. Many patients exhibit only subtle or intermittent movements that are difficult to detect using conventional sensors, particularly when the patient remains substantially stationary for extended periods of time. In seated or recumbent patients, movement may consist primarily of small postural shifts, weight redistributions, or limb adjustments that do not register as gross motion but nevertheless have meaningful physiological impact. Moreover, movement that is manually assisted by healthcare professionals or constrained by support surfaces may further complicate detection and interpretation.

[0031] Existing approaches to monitoring movement often rely on wearable devices, visual observation, or room-based sensing systems, each of which has inherent limitations. Wearable devices may be removed, improperly positioned, or poorly tolerated by patients, particularly those with cognitive impairment or fragile skin. Visual observation is intermittent, subjective, and resource-intensive, while room-based systems may raise privacy concerns and lack sufficient resolution to capture fine-grained postural changes. As a result, movement has historically been under-measured or inaccurately characterized in many healthcare settings, limiting its utility as a reliable proxy for patient health.

[0032] Accordingly, while movement has been conceptually recognized as a valuable pseudo-vital sign, the lack of accurate, continuous, and context-aware monitoring has constrained its adoption in routine clinical decision-making. Improvements185077836.1 6PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 in the ability to detect, quantify, and interpret patient movement - especially in relation to pressure distribution, posture, and anatomical positioning - could enable movement to be incorporated alongside traditional vital signs to provide a more comprehensive assessment of patient health, functional status, and risk of adverse outcomes.

[0033] Introduced here are pressure-mitigation systems (or simply “systems”) that are designed to mitigate the force that is applied to a living body by an underlying object (also called a “structure”). Note that while embodiments are generally described in the context of human bodies, the systems could also be designed and used for mitigating the force that is applied to other living bodies, namely, animal bodies. As further discussed below, a system could include one or more controller devices (or simply “controllers”) and one or more pressure-mitigation devices (also called “pressure-mitigation apparatuses” or “pressure-mitigation pads”), each of which includes selectively inflatable chambers.

[0034] These systems that include pressure-mitigation devices and associated controllers are uniquely positioned to function as proxies for monitoring patient movement. When a patient is situated on a pressure-mitigation device, the distribution of pressure across the chambers reflects the spatial relationship between the patient’s anatomy and the underlying surface. Changes in this pressure distribution - whether caused by voluntary patient movement, involuntary adjustments, or controller-initiated chamber inflation and deflation - can be detected and quantified by the system. As a result, the system can infer movement patterns, postural shifts, and weight redistribution events without requiring the patient to wear additional sensors or actively participate in monitoring.

[0035] In many clinical scenarios, particularly for patients with limited mobility, movement does not manifest as large or easily observable motions. Instead, movement may consist of subtle micro-adjustments, such as slight shifts in weight, changes in limb orientation, or redistribution of load across bony prominences. Although these microadjustments may be insufficient to trigger conventional motion sensors, they produce detectable changes in pressure at the interface between the patient and the pressuremitigation device. By monitoring pressure variations across individual chambers over185077836.1 7PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 time, the system can identify patterns indicative of patient-initiated movement, assisted movement, or prolonged immobility.

[0036] In addition to detecting patient-initiated movement, pressure-mitigation systems may also account for movement that is mechanically induced by the system itself. For example, selective inflation and deflation of chambers may reposition or elevate anatomical regions, thereby simulating movement that the patient would otherwise be unable to perform independently. From a physiological perspective, such system-induced repositioning can produce effects similar to voluntary movement, including changes in circulation, reduction of localized pressure, and promotion of tissue perfusion. By tracking the frequency, magnitude, and distribution of these pressure-based adjustments, the system can characterize an effective movement profile for the patient, even when the patient remains substantially motionless. Note that even if a more conventional movement monitoring technology were used in combination with a pressure-mitigation device, it may be difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish between patient-initiated movements and system-initiated movements.

[0037] The ability to infer movement from pressure data allows for the generation of quantitative metrics related to patient mobility and activity. Such metrics may include, for example, the number of pressure redistribution events over a given time period, the duration of sustained pressure at specific anatomical locations, the degree of load shifting achieved through patient- or system-initiated adjustments, or the symmetry of pressure distribution across bilateral anatomical regions. These metrics can be tracked longitudinally to identify trends, deviations from baseline, or changes in patient condition.

[0038] By qualitatively tracking movement and leveraging that qualitative movement as a proxy for health, a system can provide healthcare professionals with actionable insight into patient mobility without increasing monitoring burden or requiring additional devices. Movement-related metrics derived from pressure data may be used alongside traditional vital signs to inform clinical decisions such as adjusting treatment plans, increasing or decreasing monitoring frequency, modifying repositioning protocols, or assessing readiness for discharge. In this manner, movement - quantified indirectly through pressure interaction with a pressure-mitigation device - can serve as a pseudo-185077836.1 8PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 vital sign that complements conventional physiological measurements and enhances overall patient assessment.Introduction to Insight Generation, Exploration, and Utilization

[0039] When a pressure-mitigation device is situated between a living body and an object, a controller can continuously, intelligently, and autonomously detect the presence of the living body and circulate fluid through the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device to shift the force that is applied by the object, thereby relieving - or at least shifting - the force along the surface of the living body. Normally, the controller circulates air through the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device, though the controller could circulate another fluid, such as water or gel, through the chambers. In addition to actively mitigating pressure, the controller may monitor operational data associated with the pressure-mitigation device, including pressure levels within individual chambers, timing of inflation and deflation events, and changes in pressure distribution over time.

[0040] Insights into patient mobility and behavior can be gleaned through analysis of such usage data. For example, when a pressure-mitigation device is deployed on a surface and a patient is situated thereon, the system may determine when the patient is present on the device, when the patient is absent, and the duration of each such interval. Time spent on, and time spent off, the pressure-mitigation device may serve as indicators of patient mobility, activity level, or independence, and trends in these indicators may provide insight into the health status or recovery trajectory of the patient. Because this information can be collected automatically by the system during normal operation, such insights may be obtained without requiring direct observation or additional effort by healthcare professionals.

[0041] In more complex environments, insights may be derived from coordinated analysis of multiple pressure-mitigation devices. For example, a first pressure-mitigation device may be deployed on a bed accessible to a patient, while a second pressuremitigation device may be deployed on a chair or wheelchair that is also accessible to the patient. By monitoring usage of each device individually and collectively, the system may determine how frequently and for how long the patient transitions between lying and sitting positions. Such information may be indicative of functional mobility, tolerance for185077836.1 9PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 upright positioning, adherence to prescribed activity protocols, or progression toward discharge readiness. As further discussed below, the system may document, store, and analyze these usage patterns over time, thereby generating clinically relevant mobility insights and supporting care decisions without requiring significant additional involvement by healthcare professionals.

[0042] As further discussed below, pressure-mitigation devices may be communicably coupled to one another, either directly or indirectly through their respective controllers, to enable enhanced detection and characterization of patient mobility events. In particular, a system may be configured to detect and document occurrences in which a patient leaves a pressure-mitigation device, returns to a pressure-mitigation device, or transitions between multiple pressure-mitigation devices. Such mobility events may relate to a single pressure-mitigation device or to coordinated usage of multiple pressuremitigation devices, and may be used to better understand patient mobility, activity level, and adherence to prescribed positioning or activity regimens. Mobility events may be identified, for example, by analyzing changes in pressure within the chambers of one or more pressure-mitigation devices over time. Additionally or alternatively, mobility events may be detected using one or more monitoring computing devices (or simply “monitoring devices”) that are associated with the patient, the pressure-mitigation device, the underlying object on which the pressure-mitigation device is situated, or a combination thereof. Examples of monitoring devices include devices that track ambulation or posture and devices that assist with initiating, providing, or documenting treatment. Such monitoring devices may include motion sensors, such as active motion sensors (e.g., vibration sensors, tilt sensors, accelerometers, ultrasonic sensors, active infrared sensors) and passive motion sensors (e.g., passive infrared sensors, ambient light sensors), among others.

[0043] Over time, mobility data may be generated by one or more pressuremitigation devices used by a patient, their corresponding controllers, and any associated monitoring devices. A computer program may analyze this mobility data to determine when a patient arrives on a pressure-mitigation device, departs from the pressuremitigation device, when the patient returns to the pressure-mitigation device, and various185077836.1 10PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 usage patterns, including bouts of use (e.g., intervals between an arrival time and a departure time), bouts of non-use (e.g., intervals between a departure time and a subsequent arrival time), total duration of use over a defined interval of time (e.g., a multihour clinical shift, a 24-hour period, or a multi-day interval such as an entire hospital stay), total duration of non-use over such intervals, and ratios of use versus non-use. Based on these values, the computer program may further infer aspects of patient movement, such as transitions between locations, changes in posture, or relative activity level. Through longitudinal analysis of these metrics, insights may be generated regarding adherence to treatment regimens, compliance with prescribed mobility schedules, and progression or regression in functional mobility. Such insights may, in turn, inform assessments of patient health, recovery status, or readiness for changes in care, allowing mobility to be used -by healthcare professionals - as a pseudo-vital sign” that reflects the patient’s physical condition and recovery trajectory.

[0044] As further discussed below, the computer program may include an analysis module that is configured to analyze data obtained from one or more controllers that are fluidly coupled to one or more pressure-mitigation devices. In some embodiments, the analysis module analyzes pressure data associated with pressures within individual chambers of the pressure-mitigation devices to characterize pressure distribution, load patterns, and changes in force applied to the pressure-mitigation devices over time. The analysis module may also analyze connectivity data obtained from the controllers, including data indicative of whether a pressure-mitigation device is properly connected, the type of pressure-mitigation device that is connected, or whether errors have occurred. For example, a controller may record events indicating that tubing has been disconnected, that a leak is likely present in the tubing or device, or that a pressuremitigation device has been improperly installed. In some embodiments, the analysis module may use mobility data, pressure data, connectivity data, or combinations thereof to identify conditions that warrant attention and to generate notifications or recommendations for healthcare professionals. For example, analysis of pressure data may indicate that a patient’s position should be checked, while analysis of mobility data may indicate that a patient should be transitioned from one pressure-mitigation device (e.g., situated on a bed) to another pressure-mitigation device (e.g., situated on a chair).185077836.1 11PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0045] Mobility data, pressure data, connectivity data, and results of analyses thereof may be stored in local memory (e.g., memory included in a controller) or in remote memory (e.g., a server accessible via one or more networks). Visualizations may be generated based on these data to enable healthcare professionals to monitor various aspects of patient care and system performance. For example, interfaces may present information related to patient therapy timelines, durations of time spent in seated versus recumbent positions, system connectivity status, or detected anomalies. In some embodiments, an interface may present information associated with multiple systems deployed within a healthcare facility or unit (e.g., an intensive care unit or post-anesthesia care unit), while in other embodiments the interface may present information associated with a single system and a single patient. Accordingly, interfaces may be designed to present patient-centric information that supports informed clinical decision-making, as well as facility- or unit-centric information that supports oversight of patient populations, system utilization, and care delivery efficiency.

[0046] For purposes of illustration, embodiments may be described with reference to particular pressurizable devices, anatomical regions, treatment regimens, or care environments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that features described in connection with such embodiments may be similarly applicable to other pressurizable devices, anatomical regions, treatment regimens, or environments. For example, embodiments may be described in the context of a controller managing fluid flow into a single pressure-mitigation device that is positioned on a given object and that is situated adjacent to a given anatomical region. Aspects of such embodiments may also apply to controllers managing fluid flow into multiple pressurizable devices positioned on different objects (e.g., a bed and a chair) or multiple pressurizable devices positioned adjacent to one another along different anatomical regions of a patient. Embodiments are described in the context of pressure-mitigation apparatuses for purposes of explanation, with further details provided in connection with Figures 1 A-4B.

[0047] While some embodiments are described in the context of machine-readable instructions executed by one or more processors, aspects of the technology may additionally or alternatively be implemented using hardware, firmware, or combinations185077836.1 12PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 thereof. For example, a controller may execute instructions to determine appropriate fluid flow rates for inflating chambers of a pressure-mitigation device and may also facilitate communication with other pressure-mitigation devices, controllers, monitoring devices, or computing systems. In some embodiments, a controller may identify pressure-mitigation devices or monitoring devices located within a given proximity and ensure that such devices are communicatively connected, directly or indirectly, to a network-accessible server system. Additionally or alternatively, the controller may communicate with computing devices accessible to a patient, a healthcare professional, or another caregiver to support monitoring, notification, or interaction with the system.Terminology

[0048] References in the present disclosure to “an embodiment” or “some embodiments” mean that the feature, function, structure, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment. Such references do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and references to different embodiments are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

[0049] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the terms “comprise,” “comprising,” and “comprised of” are to be construed in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense (i.e., in the sense of “including, but not limited to”). Similarly, the term “based on” is to be construed in an inclusive sense. Thus, unless otherwise noted, “based on” is intended to mean “based at least in part on.”

[0050] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” and variants thereof are intended to include any form of connection or coupling between two or more elements, whether direct or indirect. Such connection or coupling may be physical, logical, communicative, or a combination thereof. For example, components that are fluidly connected will generally share a direct or indirect physical connection, while components that are electrically or communicatively coupled to one another may not necessarily share a direct physical connection.

[0051] The term “module” may refer broadly to software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof. A module is generally a functional component that performs one or185077836.1 13PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 more operations and produces one or more outputs based on one or more inputs. A computer program may include or utilize one or more modules. For example, a computer program may include multiple modules that are each responsible for performing different tasks, or a single module that performs multiple tasks.

[0052] When used in reference to a list of multiple items, the word “or” is intended to be interpreted inclusively, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Accordingly, “or” may refer to any individual item in the list, all items in the list, or any combination of items in the list.

[0053] The term “pressurizable device” may be used to refer to any device that includes at least one chamber that is capable of being inflated and thereby pressurized. A pressure-mitigation device is one example of a pressurizable device. Other examples include intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) devices, pressure-relief mattresses, cushions, and similar devices.

[0054] The term “healthcare professional” may be used to refer to a licensed individual who provides healthcare services to patients, as well as other individuals who work in support of such licensed professionals. Examples of healthcare professionals include doctors, nurses, therapists, pharmacists, and the like. Meanwhile, the term “caregiver” generally refers to a person who assists another person in receiving care or treatment. While healthcare professionals may be considered caregivers, the term “caregiver” is often used to refer to family members, friends, aides, or other non-licensed individuals who provide care or assistance.

[0055] The term “patient” may be used to refer to an individual who is receiving, has received, or is intended to receive treatment, therapy, or monitoring via one or more pressure-mitigation systems. For clarity and consistency, the term “patient” may be used regardless of whether the individual is currently under the care of a healthcare professional or located in a healthcare facility. For example, an individual may be referred to as a patient when receiving treatment or monitoring in a home environment, long-term care setting, rehabilitation facility, or other non-clinical environment.Overview of Pressure-Mitigation Devices185077836.1 14PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0056] At a high level, pressure-mitigation devices act as support interfaces that are meant to reduce localized vascular compression in one or more anatomical regions of a living body that are subjected to force from an underlying surface, such as a bed, chair, wheelchair, operating table, or other support structure. In general, a pressure-mitigation device includes a plurality of chambers that are independently inflatable and arranged to interface with a target anatomical region. By selectively inflating and deflating individual chambers or groups of chambers, the pressure-mitigation device can redistribute contact forces across the anatomical region, thereby relieving sustained compression of blood vessels within the underlying tissue. This controlled redistribution of force reduces ischemic conditions, promotes tissue perfusion, and mitigates the risk of pressure-related injury, particularly in patients who remain seated or recumbent for extended periods of time.

[0057] A pressure-mitigation device may include one or more chambers (also called “cells” or “compartments”) into which fluid or air can flow. Some pressure-mitigation devices include a single chamber, while other pressure-mitigation devices include a plurality of chambers. Each chamber may be associated with a discrete flow of air so that the pressure can be varied as necessary. Figures 1A-B illustrate an example of a pressure-mitigation device that includes a plurality of chambers, wherein the pressure of each of the chambers can be independently varied. Several examples of pressuremitigation devices are described below with respect to Figures 1A-3. Unless otherwise noted, any features described with respect to one embodiment are equally applicable to other embodiments. Some features have been described only with respect to a single embodiment for the purpose of simplifying the present disclosure.

[0058] Figures 1 A-B are top and bottom views, respectively, of a pressure-mitigation device 100 able to relieve the pressure on an anatomical region applied by the surface of an elongated object, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The pressure-mitigation device 100 can be used in conjunction with elongated support surfaces, such as beds, mattresses, stretchers, operating tables, and procedure tables. In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 100 is secured to a support surface using an attachment mechanism, such as an adhesive (e.g., double-sided tape) or a185077836.1 15PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 segment of silicone rubber. In other embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 100 is placed in direct contact with the support surface. For example, rather than rely on an entirely separate attachment mechanism, the pressure-mitigation device 100 may have a tacky substance deposited along at least a portion of its outer surface that allows it to temporarily adhere to the support surface. Examples of tacky substances include latex, urethane, and silicone rubber. As another example, the pressure-mitigation device 100 may have double-sided tape or hook-and-loop fasteners secured along its outer surface that allows it to temporarily adhere to the support surface.

[0059] As shown in Figure 1A, the pressure-mitigation device 100 can include a central portion 102 (also called a “contact portion”) that is positioned alongside at least one side support 104. Here, a pair of side supports 104 are arranged on opposing sides of the central portion 102. However, some embodiments of the pressure-mitigation device 100 do not include any side supports. For example, the side supports 104 may be omitted when the individual is medically immobilized (e.g., under anesthesia, in a medically induced coma, etc.) and / or physically restrained by the underlying support surface (e.g., by rails along the side of a bed, armrests along the side of a chair) or other structures (e.g., physical restraints, casts, etc.).

[0060] The pressure-mitigation device 100 includes a series of chambers 106 whose pressure can be individually varied. In some embodiments, the series of chambers 106 are arranged in a geometric pattern designed to relieve pressure on specific anatomical region(s) of a human body. As noted above, when placed between the human body and a support surface, the pressure-mitigation device 100 can vary the pressure on these specific anatomical region(s) by controllably inflating chamber(s), deflating chamber(s), or any combination thereof.

[0061] In some embodiments, the series of chambers 106 are arranged such that pressure on a given anatomical region is mitigated when the given anatomical region is oriented over a target region 108 of the geometric pattern. As shown in Figures 1 A-B, the target region 108 may be representative of a central point of the pressure-mitigation device 100 to appropriately position the anatomy of the human body with respect to the pressure-mitigation device 100. For example, the target region 108 may correspond to an185077836.1 16PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 epicenter of the geometric pattern. However, the target region 108 may not necessarily be the central point of the pressure-mitigation device 100, particularly if the series of chambers 106 are positioned in a non-symmetric arrangement. The target region 108 may be visibly marked so that an individual can readily align the target region 108 with a corresponding anatomical region of the human body to be positioned thereon. The individual could be a physician, nurse, caregiver, or the patient himself / herself. An example embodiment, where a physician, nurse, or caregiver positions the human body on the pressure-mitigation device 100, is described in more detail with reference to Figures 13A-14C.

[0062] The pressure-mitigation device 100 can include a first portion 110 (also called a “first layer” or a “bottom layer”") designed to face a support surface and a second portion 112 (also called a “second layer” or a “top layer”) designed to face the human body supported by the support surface. In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 100 is deployed such that the first portion 110 is directly adjacent to the support surface. For example, the first portion 110 may have a tacky substance deposited along at least a portion of its exterior surface that facilitates temporary adhesion to the support surface. In other embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 100 is deployed such that the first portion 110 is directly adjacent to an attachment apparatus designed to help secure the pressure-mitigation device 100 to the support surface. The pressure-mitigation device 100 may be constructed of various materials, and the material(s) used in the construction of each component of the pressure-mitigation device 100 may be chosen based on the nature of the body contact, if any, to be experienced by the component. For example, because the second portion 112 will often be in direct contact with the skin, it may be comprised of a soft fabric or a breathable fabric (e.g., comprised of moisture-wicking materials or quick-drying materials or having perforations). In some embodiments, an impervious lining (e.g., comprised of polyurethane) is secured to the inside of the second portion 112 to inhibit fluid (e.g., sweat) from entering the series of chambers 106. As another example, if the pressure-mitigation device 100 is designed for deployment beneath a cover (e.g., a bed sheet), then the second portion 112 may be comprised of a flexible, liquid-impervious material, such as polyurethane, polypropylene, silicone, or185077836.1 17PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 rubber. The first portion 110 may also be comprised of a flexible, liquid-impervious material.

[0063] The series of chambers 106 may be formed via interconnections between the first and second portions 110, 112. For example, the first and second portions 110, 112 may be bound directly to one another, or the first and second portions 110, 112 may be bound to one another via one or more intermediary layers. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1A-B, the pressure-mitigation device 100 includes an “M-shaped” chamber intertwined with two “C-shaped” chambers that face one another. Such an arrangement has been shown to effectively mitigate the pressure applied to the sacral region of a human body in the supine position by a support surface when the pressure in these chambers is alternated. The series of chambers 106 may be arranged differently if the pressure-mitigation device 100 is designed for an anatomical region other than the sacral region or if the pressure-mitigation device 100 is to be used to support a human body in a non-supine position (e.g., a sitting position). Generally, the geometric pattern of chambers 106 is designed based on the internal anatomy (e.g., the muscles, bones, and vasculature) of the anatomical region on which pressure is to be relieved.

[0064] The person using the pressure-mitigation device 100 and / or the caregiver (e.g., a nurse, physician, etc.) may be responsible for actively orienting the anatomical region of the human body lengthwise over the target region 108 of the geometric pattern. If the pressure-mitigation device 100 includes one or more side supports 104, the side support(s) 104 may actively orient or guide the anatomical region of the human body laterally over the target region 108 of the geometric pattern. In some embodiments, the side support(s) 104 are inflatable, while in other embodiments, the side support(s) 104 are permanent structures that protrude from one or both lateral sides of the pressuremitigation device 100. For example, at least a portion of each side support may be stuffed with cotton, latex, polyurethane foam, or any combination thereof.

[0065] As further described below with respect to Figures 5A-C, a controller can separately control the pressure in each chamber (as well as the side supports 104 if included) by providing a discrete airflow via one or more corresponding valves 114. In some embodiments, the valves 114 are permanently secured to the pressure-mitigation185077836.1 18PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 device 100 and designed to interface with tubing that can be readily detached (e.g., for easier transport, storage, etc.). Here, the pressure-mitigation device 100 includes five valves 114. Three valves are fluidly coupled to the series of chambers 106, and two valves are fluidly coupled to the side supports 104. Other embodiments of the pressuremitigation device 100 may include more than five valves or less than five valves.

[0066] In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 100 includes one or more design features 116a-c designed to facilitate securement of the pressure-mitigation device 100 to a support surface and / or an attachment apparatus. As illustrated in Figure 1 B, for example, the pressure-mitigation device 100 may include three design feature(s) 116a-c, each of which can be aligned with a corresponding structural feature that is accessible along the support surface or the attachment apparatus. For example, each design feature 116a-c may be designed to at least partially envelop a structural feature that protrudes upward. The design feature(s) 116a-c may also facilitate proper alignment of the pressure-mitigation device 100 with the support surface or the attachment apparatus.

[0067] Figure 2 is a top view of a pressure-mitigation device 200 able to relieve the pressure on an anatomical region applied by the surface of a non-elongated object, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The pressure-mitigation device 200 is generally used in conjunction with non-elongated support surfaces that support individuals in a seated or partially erect position, such as chairs (e.g., office chairs, examination chairs, recliners, and wheelchairs) and the seats included in vehicles and airplanes. Accordingly, the pressure-mitigation device 200 may be positioned atop support surfaces that have side supports integrated into the support itself (e.g., the side arms of a recliner or wheelchair). In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 200 is secured to a support surface using an attachment apparatus. In other embodiments, the attachment apparatus is omitted such that the pressure-mitigation device 200 directly contacts the underlying support surface. In such embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 200 may have a tacky substance deposited along at least a portion of its outer surface that allows it to temporarily adhere to the support surface.185077836.1 19PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0068] The pressure-mitigation device 200 can include various features similar to the features of the pressure-mitigation device 100 described above with respect to Figures 1 A-B. For example, the pressure-mitigation device 200 may include a first portion 202 (also called a “first layer” or a “bottom layer”) designed to face the support surface, a second portion 204 (also called a “second layer” or a “top layer”) designed to face the human body supported by the support surface, and a plurality of chambers 206 formed via interconnections between the first and second portions 202, 204. In this embodiment, the pressure-mitigation device 200 includes an “M-shaped” chamber 206 intertwined with a backward “J-shaped” chamber 206 and a backward “C-shaped” chamber 206. Varying the pressure in such an arrangement of chambers 206 has been shown to effectively mitigate the pressure applied by a support surface to the sacral region when the human body is in a seated position. Additionally or alternatively, the plurality of chambers 206 can be arranged such that pressure on a given anatomical region is mitigated when the given anatomical region is oriented over a target region 210 of the geometric pattern, as described in more detail with reference to the target region 108 of Figure 1A.

[0069] As further discussed below, the chambers 206 can be inflated / deflated in a predetermined pattern and to predetermined pressure levels. The individual chambers 206 may be inflated to higher pressure levels than the chambers 106 of the pressuremitigation device 100 described with respect to Figures 1A-B because the human body being supported by the pressure-mitigation device 200 is in a seated position, thereby causing more pressure to be applied by the support surface than if the human body were in a supine or prone position. Further, unlike the pressure-mitigation device 100 of Figures 1 A-B, the pressure-mitigation device 200 of Figures 2 does not include side supports. As noted above, side supports may be omitted when the structure on which the individual is situated (e.g., seated or reclined) already provides components that will laterally center the human body, as is often the case with non-elongated support surfaces. Examples of such components include the rails along the side of a bed and the armrests along the side of a chair.

[0070] As further described below with respect to Figures 4A-B, a controller can control the pressure in each chamber 206 by providing a discrete airflow via one or more185077836.1 20PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 corresponding valves 208. Here, the pressure-mitigation device 200 includes three valves 208, and each of the three valves 208 corresponds to a single chamber 206. Other embodiments of the pressure-mitigation device 200 may include one valve, two valves, or more than three valves 208, and each valve 208 can be associated with a separate chamber to individually control the inf lation / deflation of that chamber. A single valve 208 could be in fluid communication with two or more chambers 206. A single chamber 206 could be in fluid communication with two or more valves 208 (e.g., one valve for inflation and another valve for deflation).Overview of Approaches to Mitigating Pressure

[0071] Figure 3 is a partially schematic top view of a pressure-mitigation device 300 how a pressure gradient may be created through controlled variation of pressure distributions to avoid ischemia in a mobility-impaired patient, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. When a human body is supported by a contact surface 302 for an extended duration, pressure injuries may form in tissue that overlays bony prominences, such as the skin overlying the sacrum, coccyx, heels, or hips. These bony prominences generally correspond to locations at which the greatest contact forces are applied by the contact surface 302 and, therefore, may be referred to as “main pressure points” along the surface of the human body.

[0072] To reduce the likelihood of pressure injury formation, healthy individuals periodically make minor positional adjustments, also referred to as “micro-adjustments,” that shift the location of the main pressure point. Individuals with impaired mobility, however, are often unable to make such micro-adjustments independently. Mobility impairment may arise from physical injury (e.g., traumatic or degenerative injury), movement limitations (e.g., within vehicles, aircraft, or restraints), medical procedures (e.g., those involving anesthesia), or other conditions that restrict natural movement. For mobility-impaired individuals, the pressure-mitigation device 300 may be used to shift the location of the main pressure point on the individual’s behalf. Specifically, the pressuremitigation device 300 can generate moving pressure gradients that reduce sustained, localized vascular compression and enhance tissue perfusion.185077836.1 21PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0073] As discussed above with respect to Figures 1A-2, the pressure-mitigation device 300 may include a series of chambers 304 whose internal pressures are independently adjustable. The chambers 304 may be formed by interconnections between a top layer and a bottom layer of the pressure-mitigation device 300. The top layer may be formed from a first material (e.g., a permeable, non-irritating material) configured for direct contact with a human body, while the bottom layer may be formed from a second material (e.g., a non-permeable, high-friction material) configured for direct contact with the contact surface 302. In some embodiments, the top layer and / or the bottom layer may comprise multiple materials, such as coated fabrics or stacked layers of interconnected materials.

[0074] As discussed below with respect to Figure 12, a pump (also called a “pressure device”) can be fluidly coupled to each chamber 304 (e.g., via a corresponding inlet valve), while a controller can control the flow of fluid generated by the pump into each chamber 304 on an individual basis in accordance with a predetermined pattern. Through such regulation, the controller can operate the series of chambers 304 in several different ways. Said another way, the controller can operate the series of chambers 304 in multiple modes to achieve desired pressure-mitigation effects.

[0075] In some embodiments, the chambers 304 have a naturally deflated state, and the controller causes the pump to inflate at least one of the chambers 304 to shift the main pressure point along the anatomy of the user. For example, the pump may inflate at least one chamber 304 located directly beneath an anatomical region to momentarily apply contact pressure at that anatomical region and relieve contact pressure on surrounding anatomical regions associated with, and positioned above, the deflated chambers 304. As another example, the controller may cause two or more chambers 304 proximate to an anatomical region to be inflated so as to form a void beneath that anatomical region, thereby shifting the main pressure point at least momentarily away from that anatomical region.

[0076] In some embodiments, the chambers 304 have a naturally inflated state, for example, to facilitate detection of patient presence. The controller can analyze the presence of the patient by detecting a load applied to the chambers 304. Detection of185077836.1 22PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 such a load may initiate a therapy cycle, such as by causing the controller to initiate inflation and / or deflation of the chambers 304 to shift the main pressure point along the anatomy of the user. For example, deflating a chamber 304 that is located directly beneath an anatomical region may form a void that temporarily relieves contact pressure at that region. The controller may perform load-detection procedures upon completion of a therapy cycle and / or upon detection of patient presence on the pressure-mitigation device 300. In some embodiments, the controller offsets inflation levels of one or more chambers 304 based on detected load to accommodate patient weight, thereby enabling patient-specific therapy cycles with minimal user intervention (e.g., without manual adjustments by a healthcare professional).

[0077] Whether configured in a naturally deflated state or a naturally inflated state, continuous or intermittent alteration of inflation levels across the individual chambers 304 causes the location of the main pressure point to move across different portions of the human body. As illustrated in Figure 3, selective inflation and deflation of chambers 304 produces temporary contact regions 306 that move across the pressure-mitigation device 300 according to a predetermined pattern. By shifting the main pressure point for finite intervals of time, the pressure-mitigation device 300 effectively simulates the microadjustments performed by healthy individuals to relieve stagnant pressure applied by the contact surface 302.

[0078] The series of chambers 304 may be arranged in an anatomy-specific pattern such that altering the pressure within one or more chambers selectively relieves contact pressure on a targeted anatomical region. As shown in Figure 3, for example, the main pressure point may be shifted among eight distinct locations corresponding to eight temporary contact regions 306. In some embodiments, the main pressure point transitions between these locations in a predictable sequence (e.g., clockwise or counter-clockwise), while in other embodiments the transitions occur in an unpredictable manner (e.g., according to random, semi-random, or pressure-responsive patterns). The number, arrangement, and positioning of temporary contact regions 306 may vary based on chamber configuration, the anatomical region being supported, patient-specific185077836.1 23PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 characteristics, and the patient’s mobility status (e.g., whether the user is completely immobilized, partially immobilized, etc.).

[0079] In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation device 300 does not include side supports. For example, side supports may be omitted when the condition of the user (also referred to as the “patient” or “subject”) does not benefit from additional positioning assistance. Such conditions may include situations in which the patient is medically immobilized (e.g., under anesthesia or in a medically induced coma) or physically constrained by the underlying support surface (e.g., bed rails or chair armrests) or by other structures (e.g., such as physical restraints or casts).

[0080] Figure 4A is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation device 402a configured to relieve pressure on a specific anatomical region through selective deflation of one or more chambers. The pressure-mitigation device 402a can be positioned between a contact surface 400 and a human body 404. Examples of contact surfaces 400 include beds, tables, and chairs. To relieve the pressure on a specific anatomical region of the human body 404, at least one chamber 408a of multiple chambers (collectively referred to as “chambers 408”) proximate to the specific anatomical region is at least partially deflated to create a void 406a beneath the specific anatomical region. In such embodiments, the remaining chambers 408 may remain inflated. Thus, the pressure-mitigation device 402a may sequentially deflate chambers 408 (or arrangements of multiple chambers) to relieve the contact pressure applied to the human body 404 by the contact surface 400.

[0081] Figure 4B is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation device 402b configured to relieve pressure on a specific anatomical region through selective inflation of one or more chambers. For example, to relieve the pressure on a specific anatomical region of the human body 404, the pressure-mitigation device 402b can inflate two chambers 408b and 408c disposed directly adjacent to the specific anatomical region to create a void 406b beneath the specific anatomical region. In such embodiments, the remaining chambers may remain at least partially deflated. Thus, the pressure-mitigation device 402b may sequentially inflate a chamber (or arrangements of multiple chambers) to relieve the contact pressure applied to the human body 404 by the contact surface 400.185077836.1 24PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0082] In Figures 4A-B, the pressure-mitigation devices 402a, 402b are illustrated as being in direct contact with the contact surface 400. However, in some embodiments, an attachment mechanism or intermediate layer may be positioned between the pressuremitigation devices 402a, 402b and the contact surface 400. Such an attachment mechanism may facilitate secure positioning, alignment, stability, or compatibility with different types of support surfaces.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pressure-mitigation devices 402a, 402b of Figures 4A-B share the same chamber configuration and can be operable in both a normally inflated state (described with respect to Figure 4A) and a normally deflated state (described with respect to Figure 4B). The mode of operation may be selectable by an operator, such as a healthcare professional or the user, via a controller. For example, the operator may select a normally deflated mode in which the pressure-mitigation device operates as described with respect to Figure 4B, and subsequently switch to a normally inflated mode in which the pressure-mitigation device operates as described with respect to Figure 4A. Accordingly, the pressure-mitigation devices described herein may shift the location of the main pressure point by controllably inflating chambers, controllably deflating chambers, or a combination thereof, enabling flexible and patient-specific pressure redistribution.Overview of Controller Devices

[0084] Figures 5A-C are isometric, front, and back views, respectively, of a controller device 500 (also called a “controller”) for initiating inflation and / or deflation of the chambers of one or more pressure-mitigation devices, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. For example, the controller 500 can be coupled to one or more of the pressure-mitigation devices 100, 200, 300 described above with respect to Figures 1A-3 to control the pressure within the chambers 106, 206, 306. The controller 500 can manage the pressure in each chamber of the pressure-mitigation device(s) by controllably driving one or more pumps. In some embodiments, a single pump is fluidly connected to all the chambers such that the pump is responsible for directing fluid flow to and / or from multiple chambers. In other embodiments, the controller 500 is coupled to two or more pumps, each of which can be fluidly coupled to a single chamber to drive i nf lation / def lation185077836.1 25PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 of that chamber. In other embodiments, the controller 500 is coupled to at least one pump that is fluidly coupled to two or more chambers and / or at least one pump that is fluidly coupled to a single chamber. The pump(s) may reside within the housing of the controller 500 such that the system is easily transportable. Alternatively, the pump(s) may reside in a housing separate from the controller 500.

[0085] As shown in Figures 5A-C, the controller 500 can include a housing 502 in which internal components (e.g., those described below with respect to Figure 6) reside and a handle 504 that is connected to the housing 502. In some embodiments, the handle 504 is fixedly secured to the housing 502 in a predetermined orientation, while in other embodiments, the handle 504 is pivotably secured to the housing 502. For example, the handle 504 may be rotatable about a hinge connected to the housing 502 between multiple positions. The hinge may be one of a pair of hinges connected to the housing 502 along opposing lateral sides. In some embodiments, the controller 500 includes a retention mechanism 514 that is attached to, or integrated within, the housing 502. Cords (e.g., electrical cords), tubes, and / or other elongated structures associated with the system can be wrapped around or otherwise supported by the retention mechanism 514. Thus, the retention mechanism 514 may provide strain relief and retention of a power cord (also called an “electrical cord”). In some embodiments, the retention mechanism 514 includes a flexible flange that can retain the plug of the power cord.

[0086] As further shown in Figures 5A-C, the controller 500 may include a connection mechanism 512 that allows the housing 502 to be securely, yet releasably, attached to a structure such as a mobile cart, bed frame, chair frame, rail, or table. In the illustrated embodiment, the connection mechanism 512 is a mounting hook that allows for single-hand operation and is adjustable to allow for attachment to mounting surfaces with various thicknesses. In some embodiments, the controller 500 includes an integrated intravenous (IV) pole clamp 516 that eases attachment of the controller 500 to IV poles. The IV pole clamp 516 may be designed to enable quick securement, and the IV pole clamp 516 can be self-centering with the use of a single activation mechanism (e.g., knob or button).185077836.1 26PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0087] In some embodiments, the housing 502 includes one or more input components 506 for providing instructions to the controller 500. The input components 506 may include one or more knobs (e.g., as shown in Figures 5A-C), dials, buttons, levers, and / or other actuation mechanisms. An operator can interact with the input components 506 to alter the airflow provided to the pressure-mitigation device, discharge air from the pressure-mitigation device, or disconnect the controller 500 from the pressure-mitigation device (e.g., by disconnecting the controller 500 from tubing connected between the controller 500 and the pressure-mitigation device).

[0088] As further discussed below, the controller 500 can be configured to inflate and / or deflate the chambers of one or more pressure-mitigation device(s) using a predetermined pattern specific for each of the one or more pressurizable device(s) by managing one or more flows of fluid (e.g., air) produced by one or more pumps. In some embodiments, the pump(s) reside in the housing 502 of the controller 500, while in other embodiments, the controller 500 is fluidly connected to the pump(s). For example, the housing 502 may include a first fluid interface through which fluid is received from the pump(s) and a second fluid interface through which fluid is directed to the pressuremitigation device. Multi-channel tubing may be connected to either of these fluid interfaces. For example, multi-channel tubing may be connected between the first fluid interface of the controller 500 and multiple pumps. As another example, multi-channel tubing may be connected between the second fluid interface of the controller 500 and multiple valves of the pressure-mitigation device. Here, the controller 500 includes a fluid interface 508 designed to interface with multi-channel tubing. In some embodiments, the multi-channel tubing permits unidirectional fluid flow, while in other embodiments, the multi-channel tubing permits bidirectional fluid flow. Thus, fluid returning from the pressure-mitigation device (e.g., as part of a discharge process) may travel back to the controller 500 through the second fluid interface. By controlling the exhaust of fluid returning from the pressure-mitigation device, the controller 500 can actively manage the noise created during use. Additionally or alternatively, the multi-channel tubing can permit electrical current flow to and from the pressure-mitigation device(s) and / or other external systems electrically coupled to the controller 500.185077836.1 27PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0089] By monitoring the connection with the fluid interface 508, the controller 500 may be able to detect which type of pressure-mitigation device has been connected. Each type of pressure-mitigation device may include a different type of connector. For example, a pressure-mitigation device designed for elongated support surfaces (e.g., the pressure-mitigation device 100 of Figures 1A-B) may include a first arrangement of magnets in its connector, while a pressure-mitigation device designed for non-elongated support surfaces (e.g., the pressure-mitigation device of Figure 2) may include a second arrangement of magnets in its connector. The controller 500 may include one or more sensors arranged near the fluid interface 508 that are able to detect whether magnets are located within a specified proximity. The controller 500 may automatically determine, based on which magnets have been detected by the sensor(s), which type of pressuremitigation device is connected. As discussed above, pressure-mitigation devices may have different geometries, layouts, and / or dimensions suitable for various positions (e.g., supine, prone, sitting), various support surfaces (e.g., wheelchair, bed, recliner, surgical table), and / or various patient characteristics (e.g., indication, size), and the controller 500 can be configured to automatically detect the type of pressure-mitigation device connected thereto. In some embodiments, the automatic detection is performed using other suitable identification mechanisms, such as the controller 500 reading a radiofrequency identification (RFID) tag or barcode on the pressure-mitigation device. The controller 500 can be configured to dynamically alter the pattern for inflating and / or deflating chambers based on which type of pressure-mitigation device is connected.

[0090] The controller 500 may include a display 510 for displaying information related to the pressure-mitigation device, the pattern of inflations / deflations, the patient, etc. For example, the display 510 may present an interface that specifies which type(s) of pressure-mitigation device(s) (e.g., the pressure-mitigation devices 100, 200, 300 of Figures 1A-3) are connected to the controller 500. As another example, the display 510 may present which pressure-mitigation devices are operably coupled to the controller 500, which pressure-mitigation device a patient is present on, the length of time since the patient was on the other pressure-mitigation device, and / or the like. Other display technologies could also be used to convey information to an operator of the controller 500. In some embodiments, the controller 500 includes a series of lights (e.g., light-185077836.1 28PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 emitting diodes) that are representative of different statuses to provide visual alerts to the operator or the user. For example, a status light may provide a green visual indication if the controller 500 is presently providing therapy to at least one of the one or more pressure-mitigation devices, a yellow visual indication if the controller 500 has been paused (i.e., is in a pause mode), a red visual indication if the controller 500 has experienced an issue (e.g., noncompliance of patient, patient not detected) or requires maintenance (i.e., is in an alert mode), etc. These visual indications may dim upon the conclusion of a specified period of time or upon determining that the status has changed (e.g., the pause mode is no longer active). Additionally or alternatively, the visual indication can come from a computer program interface (e.g., displayed on the display 510 and / or an external device such as a hospital unit workstation or a mobile phone), as described in more detail with reference to Figures 15-21.

[0091] In some embodiments, the controller 500 includes a rapid deflate function that allows an operator to rapidly deflate the pressure-mitigation device. The rapid deflate function may be designed such that the entire pressure-mitigation device is deflated or a portion (e.g., the side supports) of the pressure-mitigation device is deflated. This is a software solution provided by the controller 500 that can be activated via the display 510 (e.g., when configured as a touch-enabled interface) and / or tactile actuators (e.g., buttons) on the device. This rapid deflation, in particular, the deflation of the side supports, is expected to be beneficial to operators when there is a need for quick access to the user, such as to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

[0092] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a controller 600 in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. As shown in Figure 6, the controller 600 can include a processor 602, memory 604, display 606, communication module 608, manifold 610, and / or power component 612 that is electrically coupled to a power interface 614. These components may reside within a housing (also referred to as a “structural body”), such as the housing 502 described above with respect to Figures 5A-C. In some embodiments, the aspects of the controller 600 are incorporated into other components of a pressure-mitigation system. For example, some components of the controller 600 may be incorporated into a computing device (e.g., a mobile phone or a mobile185077836.1 29PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 workstation) that is remotely coupled to the controller 600 or a pressure-mitigation device. As another example, some components of the controller 600 may be incorporated into the pressure-mitigation device itself. While “integrated” pressure-mitigation devices are more costly to produce due to the additional components, there can be significant savings in terms of space and logistics, as a separate controller and tubing may not be necessary.

[0093] Each of these components is discussed in greater detail below. Those skilled in the art will recognize that different combinations of these components may be present depending on the nature of the controller 600. Other components could also be included depending on the desired capabilities of the controller 600.

[0094] For example, the controller could include circuitry (also called “detecting circuitry” or a “detecting circuit”) that is able to detect and then examine electronic signatures emitted by nearby sources. One example of a source is a radio transmitter (also called a “beacon”) that is configured to continually or periodically broadcast its identifier to nearby computing device. The signal that is representative of the identifier may be referred to as an “electronic signature” that identifies the beacon, and therefore whatever object the beacon is part of. Specifically, the detecting circuit may monitor for electronic signatures emitted by nearby beacons and, in response to detecting an electronic signature, transmit a signal to the processor 602 to prompt further action. Accordingly, if an item (e.g., a wristband, file, or computing device) that includes a beacon is presented to the controller 600, the controller 600 may be able to detect the electronic signature emitted by the beacon and then take appropriate action. For example, the processor 602 may determine whether to authorize use of the controller 600 based on an analysis of the electronic signature. As another example, the processor 602 may derive information regarding the human body to be treated based on an analysis of the electronic signature and then adjust the programmed pattern - which indicates how to inflate the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device - based on the information derived from the electronic signature. Thus, the controller 600 may determine, based on the electronic signature that conveys information regarding the human body to be treated, how to inflate the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device. Electronic signatures may be transmitted via RFID, Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®, Near Field Communication (NFC), or another short-range185077836.1 30PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 wireless communication protocol. In addition to being used to convey information, electronic signatures may simply be used as a means of identifying a source from which to receive information or a destination to which to transmit information. Assume, for example, that the controller 600 receives input indicative of a request to inflate the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device in accordance with a programmed pattern. In such a scenario, the controller 600 may monitor for electronic signatures that are broadcast by nearby beacons. Upon identifying an electronic signature that is representative of a computing device, the controller 600 may establish a wireless communication channel with the computing device. As further discussed below, the wireless communication channel could be used to receive information from, and transmit information to, the computing device.

[0095] As another example, the controller 600 could include an image sensor that is configured to produce digital images based on the light that is reflected by objects in a field of view and collected through a lens. Digital images could be produced continually, or digital images could be produced periodically, for example, in response to determining that an object is located within a certain proximity of the image sensor in its field of view. The processor 602 can be configured to review the digital images to determine whether any include content of interest. For example, the processor 602 may determine that a digital image includes an object that is presented to the image sensor for the purpose of identifying the human body to be treated with the pressure-mitigation apparatus. In such a scenario, the processor 602 may derive information regarding the human body based on an analysis of the digital image. In some cases, the object may include human-readable characters that convey the information. For example, the object may be a paper that includes information such as the user’s name, weight, age, and the like. In other cases, the object may include a machine-readable code from which the information is derivable. For example, the processor 602 may be able to examine Quick Response codes (also called “QR codes”), bar codes, and alphanumeric strings that are printed on items such as wristbands, files, and the like. By examining the machine-readable code that is printed on an object associated with a human body, the controller may be able to determine, infer, or derive information regarding the human body. These features allow the controller 600 to act as a “single action” solution for treating the human body since185077836.1 31PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 the controller may automatically begin treatment after an electronic signature or machine-readable code has been presented. Accordingly, the controller 600 may not only initiate treatment in response to deriving user-related information from a digital image, but could also adjust the programmed pattern for inflating the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device based on the user-related information.

[0096] The processor 602 can have generic characteristics similar to general-purpose processors, or the processor 602 may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that provides control functions to the controller 600. As shown in Figure 6, the processor 602 can be coupled to all components of the controller 600, either directly or indirectly, for communication purposes.

[0097] The memory 604 may be comprised of any suitable type of storage medium, such as static random-access memory (SRAM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, or registers. In addition to storing instructions that can be executed by the processor 602, the memory 604 can also store data generated by the processor 602 (e.g., when executing the analysis platform 630). Note that the memory 604 is merely an abstract representation of a storage environment. The memory 604 could be comprised of actual memory chips or modules.

[0098] The display 606 can be any mechanism that is operable to visually convey information to an operator. For example, the display 606 may be a panel that includes LEDs, organic LEDs, liquid crystal elements, or electrophoretic elements as shown in Figures 5A-B. Alternatively, the display 606 may simply be a series of lights (e.g., LEDs) that are able to indicate the status of the controller 600. In some embodiments, the display 606 is touch sensitive and may use haptics, creating tactile sensations and feedback on the display 606. Thus, a user may be able to provide input to the controller 600 by interacting with the display 606 itself. Additionally, or alternatively, the operator user may be able to provide input to the controller 600 by interacting with input components, such as input ports, knobs, dials, buttons, levers, and / or other actuation mechanisms.

[0099] Various types of information can be presented by the display 606. For example, information related to the state of the pressure-mitigation device and / or185077836.1 32PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 programmed pattern could be presented on the display 606, so as to indicate progression. As another example, information regarding the human body situated on the pressuremitigation device could be presented on the display 606. Said another way, information related to the user may be presented on the display 606. The user-related information could be obtained through an analysis of an electronic signature that is detected by the controller 600, or the user-related information could be obtained through an analysis of a digital image that includes an object presented to an image sensor for the purpose of identifying the human body or conveying the user-related information. Alternatively, the user-related information could be obtained from a source external to the controller 600, in which case the user-related information may initially be received by the communication module 608.

[0100] The communication module 608 may be responsible for managing communications between the components of the controller 600, or the communication module 608 may be responsible for managing communications with other computing devices (e.g., a mobile phone associated with the operator, a network-accessible server system accessible to either an entity responsible for manufacturing, providing, or managing pressure-mitigation devices or an entity responsible for prescribing or providing care to the user). The communication module 608 may be wireless communication circuitry that is designed to establish communication channels with other computing devices. Examples of wireless communication circuitry include integrated circuits (also referred to as “chips”) configured for Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, and the like.

[0101] Moreover, the communication module 608 may be responsible for retrieving information from, or uploading information to, the electronic health record or another data structure that is associated with the human body that is presently being treated. Assume, for example, that the controller 600 receives input indicating that a given person is to be treated using a pressure-mitigation device. In such a situation, the controller 600 may establish a connection with a storage medium that includes the electronic health record of the given person. The connection with the storage medium could be established in response to receiving the input, or the connection with the storage medium could be established in response to the controller 600 being deployed. In some embodiments the185077836.1 33PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 controller 600 downloads information from the electronic health record into the memory 604, while in other embodiments the controller 600 simply accesses the information in the electronic health record. This information could be used to determine how to treat the given person. For instance, the controller 600 may determine whether to adjust the programmed pattern for inflating the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device based on this information. As an example, the controller 600 may determine that the rates or pressures at which fluid flows into the chambers should be modified based on the weight, age, and height of the given person. A characteristic of the human body being treated, such as the weight, age, or height could be specified directly in the information. Alternatively, the controller 600 may infer, compute, or otherwise determine the characteristic based on an analysis of the information. As another example, the controller 600 may determine which program pattern to select for inflating the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device, whether to adjust the pattern, etc.

[0102] As mentioned above, information could also be transmitted by the communication module 608 to a destination external to the controller 600. For example, the controller 600 may transmit information regarding usage to the destination for storage or further analysis, as further discussed below. As another example, the controller 600 could include, or be communicatively connected to, one or more sensors as further discussed below. Data generated by these sensors - or insights gleaned through analysis of the data - could be provided to the communication module 608 for transmission, for example, to a storage medium for uploading into the electronic health record associated with the human body that is being treated.

[0103] The controller 600 may be connected to a pressure-mitigation device that includes a series of chambers whose pressure can be individually varied. When the pressure-mitigation device is placed between a human body and the surface of an object, the controller 600 can cause the pressure on an anatomical region of the human body to be varied by controllably inflating and / or deflating chambers. Such action can be accomplished by the manifold 610, which controls the flow of fluid to the series of chambers of the pressure-mitigation device. The manifold 610 is further described with respect to Figures 7-8.185077836.1 34PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0104] As further discussed below, transducers mounted in the manifold 610 can generate an electrical signal based on the pressure detected in each chamber of the pressure-mitigation device. Generally, each chamber is associated with a different fluid channel and a different transducer. Accordingly, if the manifold 610 is designed to facilitate the flow of fluid to a pressure-mitigation device with four chambers, the manifold 610 may include four fluid channels and four transducers. In some embodiments, the manifold 610 includes fewer than four fluid channels and / or transducers or more than four fluid channels and / or transducers. Pressure data representative of the values of the electrical signals generated by the transducers can be stored, at least temporarily, in the memory 604. In some embodiments, the pressure data - or insights gleaned through analysis of the pressure data - is transmitted to a destination external to the controller 600 by the communication module 608 for storage or further analysis. Additionally or alternatively, information regarding the flow of fluid into the pressure-mitigation device could be transmitted to the destination. Examples of such information include the elapsed duration of treatment and remaining duration of treatment.

[0105] As further discussed below, the manifold 610 may be driven based on a clock signal that is generated by a clock module (not shown). For example, the processor 602 may be configured to generate signals for driving valves in the manifold 610 (or driving chips in communication with the valves) based on a comparison of the clock signal to a programmed pattern that indicates when the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device should be inflated or deflated. The programmed pattern may be one of multiple programmed patterns that are stored in the memory 604.

[0106] The clock signal generated by the clock module could also be used in other ways.

[0107] As an example, the controller 600 may be configured to generate notifications, for example, that indicate when the human body is to be turned, when medication is due to be administered, etc. Notifications may be generated by an indicating component on a periodic basis based on the clock signal. The term “indicating component” may refer to any component that is able to generate audible, visual, or tactile notifications. Examples of indicating components include the display 606 that is able to185077836.1 35PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 produce visual notifications, the audio output mechanism 622 that is able to produce audible notifications, and a haptic element (not shown) that is able to produce tactile notifications. Some embodiments of the controller 600 include more than one indicating component. For example, notifications may be generated by a first indicating component (e.g., the display 606) while notifications are generated by a second indicating component (e.g., the audio output mechanism 622).

[0108] The analysis platform 630 may be responsible for examining the pressure data. For convenience, the analysis platform 630 is described as a computer program that resides in the memory 604. However, the analysis platform 630 could be comprised of software, firmware, or hardware that is implemented in, or accessible to, the controller 600. In accordance with embodiments described herein, the analysis platform may include a processing module 616, analysis module 618, graphical user interface (GUI) module 620, and archiving module 628. Each of these modules could be an integral part of the analysis platform 630. Alternatively, these modules could be logically separate from the analysis platform 630 but operate “alongside” it. Together, these modules enable the analysis platform 630 to gain insights not only into whether the pressure-mitigation device connected to the controller 600 is being used properly, but also into the movement and health of the human body situated on the pressure-mitigation device.

[0109] The processing module 616 can process pressure data obtained by the analysis platform 630 into a format that is suitable for the other modules. For example, in preparation for analysis by the analysis module 618, the processing module 616 may apply algorithms designed for temporal aligning, artifact removal, and the like. Accordingly, the processing module 616 may be responsible for ensuring that the pressure data is accessible to the other modules of the analysis platform 630. As further discussed below, the processor 602 may forward at least some of the pressure data, in either its processed or unprocessed form, to the communication module 608 for transmittal to a destination for analysis. In such a scenario, the processing module 616 may apply operations (e.g., filtering, compressing, labelling) to the pressure data before it is forwarded to the communication module 608 for transmission to the destination.185077836.1 36PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0110] By examining the pressure data in conjunction with flow data representative of the fluid flowing from the controller 600 into the pressure-mitigation device, the analysis module 618 can control how the chambers are inflated and / or deflated. For example, the analysis module 618 may be responsible for separately controlling the set point for fluid flowing into each chamber such that the pressures of the chambers match a predetermined pattern.

[0111] By examining the pressure data, the analysis module 618 may also be able to sense movements of the human body under which the pressure-mitigation device is positioned. These movements may be caused by the user, another individual (e.g., a caregiver or an operator of the controller 600), or the underlying surface. The analysis module 618 may apply algorithms to the data representative of these movements (also referred to as “movement data” or “motion data”) to identify repetitive movements and / or random movements to better understand the health state of the user. For example, the analysis module 618 may be able to produce a coverage metric indicative of the amount of time that the human body is properly positioned on the pressure-mitigation device. As further discussed below, the controller 600 (or another computing device) may be able to establish whether the pressure-mitigation device has been properly deployed and / or operated based on the coverage metric. As another example, the analysis module 618 may be able to establish the respiration rate, heart rate, or another vital measurement based on the movements of the user. Generally, the movement data is derived from the pressure data. That is, the analysis module 618 may be able to infer movements of the human body by analyzing the pressure of the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device in conjunction with the rate at which fluid is being delivered to those chambers. Consequently, some embodiments of the pressure-mitigation device may not actually include any sensors for measuring movement, such as accelerometers, tilt sensors, or gyroscopes.

[0112] The analysis module 618 may respond in several ways after examining the pressure data. For example, the analysis module 618 may generate a notification (e.g., an alert) to be presented by the controller 600 or transmitted to another computing device by the communication module 608. The other computing device may be associated with185077836.1 37PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 a healthcare professional, a caregiver, or some other entity (e.g., a researcher or an insurer). As another example, the analysis module 618 may cause the pressure data (or analyses of the pressure data) to be integrated with the electronic health record of the user. Generally, the electronic health record is maintained in a storage medium that is accessible to the communication module 608 across a network.

[0113] The GUI module 620 may be responsible for generating interfaces that can be presented on the display 606. Various types of information can be presented on these interfaces. For example, information that is calculated, derived, or otherwise obtained by the analysis module 618 may be presented on an interface for display to the user or operator. As another example, visual feedback may be presented on an interface so as to indicate whether the user is properly situated on the pressure-mitigation device.

[0114] The GUI module 620 may also be responsible for generating interfaces that can be transmitted, via the communication module 608, to a destination for review. For example, information that is calculated, derived, or otherwise obtained by the analysis module 618 may be populated onto an interface (e.g., that is part of a report), which is subsequently presented on another computing device (e.g., a mobile phone, tablet computer, or hospital cart) for review by a healthcare professional.

[0115] The archiving module 628 may document actions associated with usage of one or more pressure-mitigation devices based on data generated by, or insights gleaned by, the analysis module 618. For example, the archiving module 628 may record events indicating when a patient arrives on a pressure-mitigation device, departs from the pressure-mitigation device, or transitions between multiple pressure-mitigation devices. Such events may be identified through analysis of pressure data, mobility data, or other usage-related information processed by the analysis module 618. Insights derived from these documented actions may be used not only to verify that a pressure-mitigation device has been deployed and operated as intended, but also to infer patient mobility patterns and, by extension, aspects of patient health and functional status. This is particularly useful in environments in which multiple pressure-mitigation devices are accessible to a patient, such as when a first pressure-mitigation device is situated on a bed and a second pressure-mitigation device is situated on a chair. By documenting185077836.1 38PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 usage across multiple pressure-mitigation devices over time, the archiving module 628 can create an auditable, longitudinal record of patient interaction with the pressuremitigation system, supporting clinical review, compliance assessment, and data-driven decision-making without requiring additional manual documentation by healthcare professionals.

[0116] The controller 600 may include a power component 612 that is able to provide to the other components residing within the housing, as necessary. Examples of power components include rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-Ion) batteries, rechargeable nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, rechargeable nickel-cadmium (NiCad) batteries, etc. In some embodiments, the controller 600 does not include a power component, and thus must receive power from an external source. In such embodiments, a cable designed to facilitate the transmission of power (e.g., via a physical connection of electrical contacts) may be connected between the power interface 614 of the controller 600 and the external source. The external source may be, for example, an alternating current (AC) power socket or another computing device. The cable connected to the power interface 614 of the controller 600 may also be able to convey power so as to recharge the power component 612.

[0117] Embodiments of the controller 600 can include any subset of the components shown in Figure 6, as well as additional components not illustrated here.

[0118] For example, while the controller 600 is able to receive and transmit data wirelessly via the communication module 608, other embodiments of the controller 600 may include a physical data interface through which data can be transmitted to another computing device. Examples of physical data interfaces include Ethernet ports, Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports, and proprietary ports.

[0119] As another example, some embodiments of the controller 600 include an audio output mechanism 622 and / or an audio input mechanism 624. The audio output mechanism 622 may be any apparatus that is able to convert electrical impulses into sound. One example of an audio output mechanism is a loudspeaker (or simply “speaker”). Meanwhile, the audio input mechanism 624 may be any apparatus that is able to convert sound into electrical impulses. One example of an audio input mechanism is a185077836.1 39PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 microphone. Together, the audio output and input mechanisms 622, 624 may enable the user or operator to engage in an audible exchange with a person who is not located proximate the controller 600. Assume, for example, that the user has become misaligned with the pressure-mitigation device. In such a scenario, the user may utilize the audio input mechanism 624 to verbally ask for assistance, for example, from another person who is able to verbally confirm that assistance is forthcoming using the audio output mechanism 622. The other person could be a healthcare professional or caretaker of the user. This may be useful in situations where the user is unable to reposition herself on the pressure-mitigation device due to an underlying condition that inhibits or prevents movement.

[0120] The audio input mechanism 624 may be able to convert sound in the ambient environment into electrical impulses that can be examined by the processor 602, transmitted by the communication module 608, etc. The audio input mechanism 624 may also be able to generate a signal that is indicative of more nuanced sounds. For example, the audio input mechanism 624 may generate data that is representative of sounds originating from within the human body situated on a pressure-mitigation device. These sounds may be representative of auscultation sounds generated by the circulatory, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems. This data could be transmitted (e.g., by the communication module 608) to a destination for analysis.

[0121] Accordingly, embodiments of the controller 600 may include an audio input mechanism 624 in addition to, or instead of, an audio output mechanism 622. In embodiments where the controller 600 includes an audio output mechanism 622, the processor 602 may transmit a signal to the audio output mechanism 622, so as to cause sound (e.g., in the form of an utterance) to be emitted therefrom. This may be done before treatment has begun (e.g., to ensure the pressure-mitigation apparatus is properly deployed), while treatment is ongoing (e.g., to engage the user), or after treatment is complete (e.g., as a means of incentivizing future treatment). While the utterances emitted from the audio output mechanism 622 may commonly be instructions regarding use of the pressure-mitigation device and controller 600, the utterances could alternatively be questions, for example, to seek feedback from the user.185077836.1 40PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0122] In some embodiments, the utterances emitted from the audio output mechanism 622 are recorded, and the corresponding signal is stored in the memory 604 or retrieved by the communication module 608 from a source external to the controller 600. In other embodiments, the utterances are part of a conversation. By initiating communication with a computing device, the communication module 608 can facilitate the exchange of signals between the controller 600 and computing device. For example, the communication module 608 may receive, from the computer program, a first signal that is representative of an utterance as recorded by an audio input mechanism of the computing device. In such a scenario, the processor 602 can generate a second signal based on the first signal and then transmit the second signal to the audio output mechanism 622, so as to cause the utterance to be emitted therefrom. Similarly, if the audio input mechanism 624 generates a signal that is representative of an utterance spoken by the user of the pressure-mitigation device or the operator of the controller 600, the processor 602 may transmit the signal (or another signal that is based on the signal) to the communication module 608 for transmission to the computing device. As mentioned above, this exchange of signals may occur in near real time, so as to permit conversation in which the utterances recorded by the audio input mechanism 624 are responsive to the utterances emitted by the audio output mechanism 622, or vice versa.

[0123] Other sensors may also be implemented in, or accessible to, the controller 600. For example, sensors may be contained in the housing of the controller 600 and / or embedded within the pressure-mitigation device that is connected to the controller 600. Collectively, these sensors may be referred to as the “sensor suite” 626 of the pressuremitigation system. At a high level, these sensors generally output a signal that is indicative of either a monitored characteristic of the ambient environment or a monitored characteristic of the human body being treated.

[0124] Sensors that monitor a characteristic of the ambient environment may be useful in determining how to operate the controller 600. For example, the sensor suite 626 may include a motion sensor whose output is indicative of motion of the controller 600 or pressure-mitigation device. Examples of motion sensors include multi-axis accelerometers and gyroscopes. As another example, the sensor suite 626 may include185077836.1 41PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 a proximity sensor whose output is indicative of proximity of an object located in a field of view. Based on the output, the controller 600 may be able to infer location of the object with respect to the pressure-mitigation device or the controller 600 itself. A proximity sensor may include, for example, (i) an emitter that is able to emit infrared (I R) light away from the controller 600 within the field of view and (ii) a detector that is able to detect IR light reflected by the object toward the proximity sensor (and therefore, the controller 600). These types of proximity sensors are sometimes called laser imaging, detection, and ranging (LiDAR) scanners. Other examples of sensors include an ambient light sensor whose output is indicative of the amount of light in the ambient environment, a temperature sensor whose output is indicative of the temperature of the ambient environment, and a humidity sensor whose output is indicative of the humidity of the ambient environment. The outputs produced by the sensor suite 626 may provide greater insight into the environment in which the controller 600 is deployed (and therefore, the environment in which the human body situated on the pressure-mitigation device is to be treated).

[0125] Similarly, sensors that monitor a characteristic of the human body being treated may be useful in determining how to operate the controller 600. Generally, sensors that monitor characteristics of human bodies are more specialized and are designed to generate, obtain, or otherwise produce information related to the health of the human body. For example, the sensor suite 626 may include a vascular scanner. The term “vascular scanner” may be used to refer to an imaging instrument that includes (i) an emitter operable to emit electromagnetic radiation (e.g., in the near infrared range) into an anatomical region situated proximate thereto and (ii) a detector operable to sense electromagnetic radiation reflected by physiological structures inside the anatomical region. Normally, a digital image is created based on the reflected electromagnetic radiation. The processor 602 could compare the digital image against a reference template for the vasculature in the anatomical region and then determine whether to authorize use of the controller based on an outcome of the comparison. Alternatively, the digital image could serve as a reference template for the vasculature in the anatomical region at a corresponding point in time. The vasculature in the anatomical region could be periodically or continually monitored based on outputs produced by a vascular scanner185077836.1 42PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 over time. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor suite 626 may include sensors that are able to determine the oxygen level of the blood, measure blood pressure, compute heartrate, etc. In some embodiments, the controller 600 may include a pulse oximeter that is able to infer oxygen saturation in an anatomical region situated proximate thereto from an analysis of peripheral oxygen saturation readings.

[0126] In some embodiments, the processor 602 may adjust the programmed pattern that specifies how to inflate the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device based on the outputs, if any, produced by the sensor suite 626. Assume, for example, that the controller 600 includes a sensor able to monitor temperature and / or a sensor able to monitor ambient light. The processor 602 may determine, based on an analysis of the signals output by these sensors, whether to adjust the programmed pattern (e.g., based on a determination that it is daytime versus nighttime). As another example, the controller 600 may determine whether to adjust the programmed pattern based on the output produced by a sensor able to measure the heart rate or blood pressure of the user.

[0127] Based on the outputs produced by the sensor suite 626, the controller 600 (or some other computing device) may be able to compute some or all of the main vital signs, namely, body temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate (also referred to as “respiratory rate”). For example, a given sensor may produce, as output, a signal that is representative of values, in temporal order, that are indicative of a monitored characteristic of the ambient environment or human body to be treated, and the processor 602 may compute, in an ongoing manner, values for a given vital sign based on the signal. The values could be stored in the memory 604, provided to the communication module 608 for transmission to a destination (e.g., a storage medium for storage in the electronic health record), or presented on the display 606.

[0128] Moreover, the controller 600 (or some other computing device) may be able to compute metrics that are indicative of the health of the human body, despite not being one of the main vital signs. For example, the outputs generated by the sensor suite 626 could be used to establish whether the human body is performing a given activity (e.g., sleeping or eating). The outputs could be used to not only ascertain the sleep pattern of the human body, but also whether changes in the sleep pattern indicate whether the185077836.1 43PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 health state of the human body has improved (e.g., sleep more consistent with longer duration following deployment of the pressure-mitigation device).

[0129] Similarly, the controller 600 (or some other computing device) may be able to detect occurrences of medical events by examining the outputs produced by the sensor suite 626, the pressure data generated by the transducers mounted in the manifold 610, the movement data derived from the pressure data, or any combination thereof. For example, the processor 602 may parse any of these data to identify individual values (e.g., those exceeding an upper threshold or falling below a lower threshold) or patterns of values that are indicative of a medical event. Examples of medical events include seizures and myocardial infarctions (also called “heart attacks”), as well as less serious events such as intermittent pauses in breathing (e.g., due to sleep apnea), shortness of breath, heart palpitations, and excessing sweating. Upon discovering an occurrence of a medical event, the processor 602 may cause a notification to be presented by the controller 600 and / or transmit an indication of the medical event to a destination (e.g., a storage medium for storage in the electronic health record).

[0130] As mentioned above, sensors could be included in the pressure-mitigation device in addition to, or instead of, the controller 600. Accordingly, a pressure-mitigation device may include a plurality of chambers that are formed by interconnections between a first layer and a second layer, a sensor embedded between the first and second layers, and a processor that is responsible for handling data generated by the sensor. The sensor could be configured to output values indicative of a monitored characteristic of the ambient environment or human body being treated. Meanwhile, the processor may forward these values - in their raw form or a processed form - to an interface for transmission to the controller 600. The interface may be part of a communication module that is communicatively connected to the communication module 608 of the controller 600, or the interface may be part of a data cable interconnected between the pressuremitigation device and controller 600. The data cable may be part of the multi-channel tubing for conveying fluid that extends between the pressure-mitigation device and controller 600.185077836.1 44PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0131] Note that the sensors included in the sensor suite 626 need not necessarily be included in the controller 600 or pressure-mitigation device. For example, the controller 600 may be communicatively connected to ancillary sensors that are included in nearby items (e.g., blankets and clothing), attached directly to the human body, etc.

[0132] These various components may allow the controller 600 to be readily integrated into a network-connected environment, such as a home or hospital. Thus, the controller 600 may be communicatively coupled to mobile phones, tablet computers, wearable electronic devices (e.g., fitness trackers and watches), or network-connected devices (also referred to as “smart devices”), such as televisions and home assistant devices. Similarly, the controller 600 may be communicatively coupled to medical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers, insulin pumps, glucose monitoring devices, beds, and the like. Accordingly, the controller 600 may receive, at the communication module 608 from a medical device, data related to the health of the user of the pressure-mitigation device. Specifically, the controller 600 may receive a signal that is indicative of measurements of a monitored characteristic of the user. This level of integration can provide several notable benefits over conventional technologies for mitigating pressure.

[0133] Accordingly, the pressure-mitigation system of which the controller 600 is a part may be used to monitor health of a human body in a more holistic sense. As mentioned above, insights into movements of the human body can be surfaced through analysis of pressure data generated by the controller 600 or pressure-mitigation device. Analysis of these movements over an extended period of time (e.g., days, weeks, or months) may lead to the discovery of abnormalities that might otherwise go unnoticed. For example, the controller 600 (or some other computing device) may infer that the human body is suffering from an ailment in response to a determination that its movements over a recent interval of time differ from those that would be expected based on past intervals of time. At a high level, insights gained through analysis of the pressure data can be used not only to define a “health baseline” for the human body, but also to discover when deviations from the health baseline occur.

[0134] Figure 7 is an isometric view of a manifold 700 for controlling the flow of fluid (e.g., air) to the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with185077836.1 45PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 embodiments of the present technology. As discussed above, a controller can be configured to inflate and / or deflate the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device to create a pressure gradient that moves the main point of pressure applied by a support surface across the surface of a human body situated on the pressure-mitigation device. To accomplish this, the manifold 700 can guide fluid to the chambers through a series of valves 702. In some embodiments, each valve 702 corresponds to a separate chamber of the pressure-mitigation device. In some embodiments, at least one valve 702 corresponds to multiple chambers of the pressure-mitigation device. In some embodiments, at least one valve 702 is not used during operation. For example, if the pressure-mitigation device includes four chambers, multi-channel tubing may be connected between the pressure-mitigation device and four valves 702 of the manifold 700. In such embodiments, the other valves may remain sealed during operation.

[0135] Generally, the valves 702 are piezoelectric valves designed to switch from one state (e.g., an open state) to another state (e.g., a closed state) in response to an application of voltage. Each piezoelectric valve includes at least one piezoelectric element that acts as an electromechanical transducer. When a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element is deformed, thereby resulting in mechanical motion (e.g., the opening or closing of a valve). Examples of piezoelectric elements include disc transducers, bender actuators, and piezoelectric stacks.

[0136] Piezoelectric valves provide several benefits over other valves, such as linear valves and solenoid-based valves. First, piezoelectric valves do not require holding current to maintain a state. As such, piezoelectric valves generate almost no heat. Second, piezoelectric valves create almost no noise when switching between states, which can be particularly useful in medical settings. Third, piezoelectric valves can be opened and closed in a controlled manner that allows the manifold 700 to precisely approach a desired flow rate without overshoot or undershoot. In contrast, the other valves described above must be in either an open state, in which the valve is completely open, or a closed state, in which the valve is completely closed. Fourth, piezoelectric valves require very little power to operate, so a power component (e.g., power component 612 of Figure 6) may only need to provide 3-6 watts to the manifold 700 at any given time.185077836.1 46PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 While embodiments of the manifold 700 may be described in the context of piezoelectric valves, other types of valves, such as linear valves or solenoid-based valves, could be used instead of, or in addition to, piezoelectric valves.

[0137] In some embodiments, the manifold 700 includes one or more transducers 706 and a circuit board 704 that includes one or more integrated circuits (also called “chips”) for managing communication with the valves 702 and the transducer(s) 706. Because these local chip(s) reside within the manifold 700 itself, the valves 702 can be digitally controlled in a precise manner. The local chip(s) may be connected to other components of the controller. For example, the local chip(s) may be connected to other processors (e.g., the processor 602 of Figure 6) and clock modules housed within the controller. The transducer(s) 706, meanwhile, can generate an electrical signal based on the pressure within a flow channel that is defined between the corresponding valve 702 and corresponding chamber of the pressure-mitigation device. Because the flow channel is fluidly coupled to the corresponding chamber of the pressure-mitigation device, the pressure within the flow channel can be inferred to be representative of the pressure within the corresponding chamber of the pressure-mitigation device. Generally, each chamber is associated with a different valve 702 and a different transducer 706. Here, for example, the manifold includes six valves 702 capable of interfacing with the pressuremitigation device, and each of these valves may be associated with a corresponding transducer 706. Pressure data representative of the values of the electrical signals generated by the transducer(s) 706 can be provided to other components of the controller for further analysis.

[0138] The manifold 700 may also include one or more compressors. In some embodiments, each valve 702 of the manifold 700 is fluidly coupled to the same compressor, while in other embodiments, each valve 702 of the manifold 700 is fluidly coupled to a different compressor. Each compressor can increase the pressure of fluid by reducing its volume before guiding the fluid to the pressure-mitigation device.

[0139] Fluid produced by a pump may initially be received by the manifold 700 through one or more ingress fluid interfaces 708. As noted above, in some embodiments, a compressor may then increase pressure of the fluid by reducing its volume. Thereafter,185077836.1 47PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 the manifold 700 can controllably guide the fluid into the chambers of a pressuremitigation device through the valves 702. The flow of fluid into each chamber can be controlled by local chip(s) disposed on the circuit board 704. For example, the local chip(s) can dynamically vary the flow of fluid into each chamber in real time by controllably applying voltages to open / close the valves 702.

[0140] In some embodiments, the manifold includes one or more egress fluid interfaces 710. The egress fluid interface(s) 710 may be designed for high pressure and high flow to permit rapid deflation of the pressure-mitigation device. For example, upon determining that an operator has provided input indicative of a request to deflate the pressure-mitigation device (or a portion thereof), the manifold 700 may allow fluid to travel back through the valve(s) 702 from the pressure-mitigation device and then out through the egress fluid interface(s) 710. Thus, the egress fluid interface(s) 710 may also be referred to as “exhausts” or “outlets.” To provide the input, the operator may interact with a mechanical input component (e.g., mechanical input component 506 of Figure 5A) or a digital input component (e.g., visible on display 510 of Figure 5A).

[0141] Figure 8 is a generalized electrical diagram illustrating how the piezoelectric valves 802 of a manifold can separately control the flow of fluid along multiple channels, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. In Figure 8, the manifold includes seven piezoelectric valves 802. Other embodiments of the manifold may include less than seven valves or more than seven valves. Fluid (e.g., air) can be guided by the manifold through the piezoelectric valves 802 to the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device. In Figure 8, the manifold is fluidly connected to a pressure-mitigation device that has five chambers. However, in other embodiments, the manifold may be fluidly connected to a pressure-mitigation device that has less than five chambers or more than five chambers.

[0142] All of the piezoelectric valves 802 included in the manifold need not necessarily be identical to one another. Piezoelectric valves may be designed for high pressure and low flow, high pressure and high flow, low pressure and low flow, or low pressure and high flow. In some embodiments, all of the piezoelectric valves included in the manifold are the same type, while in other embodiments, the manifold includes185077836.1 48PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 multiple types of piezoelectric valves. For example, piezoelectric valves corresponding to side supports of the pressure-mitigation device may be designed for high pressure and high flow (e.g., to allow for a quick discharge of fluid stored therein), while piezoelectric valves corresponding to chambers of the pressure-mitigation device may be designed for high pressure and low flow. Moreover, some piezoelectric valves may support bidirectional fluid flow, while other piezoelectric valves may support unidirectional fluid flow. Generally, if the manifold includes unidirectional piezoelectric valves, each chamber in the pressure-mitigation device is associated with a pair of unidirectional piezoelectric valves to allow fluid flow in either direction. Here, for example, Chambers 1-3 are associated with a single bidirectional piezoelectric valve, Chamber 4 is associated with two bidirectional piezoelectric valves, and Chamber 5 is associated with two unidirectional piezoelectric valves.

[0143] When detecting the presence of a patient on the pressure-mitigation device, the controller can initiate a load detection procedure. The pressure-mitigation device can be configured to have a base pressure load inflated once plugged into the controller. The controller can detect that a load has been placed on the pressure-mitigation device (i.e. , the patient has sat down) when the pressure in the chambers is offset by a set threshold for a set period of time, triggering a detection by one or more of the piezoelectric sensors, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 7. Once the presence of the patient is detected, the pressure-mitigation device can perform a more complex load detection procedure that can, for example, determine the load of the patient on the pressuremitigation device. For instance, the pressure-mitigation device can preload each of the chambers to a base threshold and then deflate the chambers for a prefixed period of time. The controller can then analyze the pressure difference to determine what load of the patient corresponds to the pressure difference. The load detected can be used to adjust the therapy cycle settings to accommodate the patient’s weight, allowing the device to deliver therapy cycles tailored to the patient with minimal user intervention, such as without requiring manual adjustments by a healthcare provider. Additionally, the controller can reperform the load detection procedure one or more times after completing a therapy cycle. The controller can readjust the therapy cycle settings for the pressure-mitigation device based on the new load detected of the patient, for example, by offsetting the185077836.1 49PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 inflation of the chambers to a pressure inflation that accommodates the new load detected.

[0144] The chambers of a pressure-mitigation device may be inflated / deflated for a predetermined duration of 15-180 seconds (e.g., 30 seconds, 60 seconds, 90 seconds, 120 seconds, 150 seconds, or any duration therebetween) in accordance with a predetermined pattern. Generally, the predetermined pattern causes the chambers to be inflated / deflated in a nonidentical manner. For example, if the pressure-mitigation device includes four chambers, the first and second chambers may be inflated for 30 seconds, the second and third chambers may be inflated for 45 seconds, the third and fourth chambers may be inflated for 30 seconds, and then the first and fourth chambers may be inflated for 45 seconds. These chambers may be inflated / deflated to a predetermined pressure level from 0-100 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) (e.g., 15 mmHg, 20 mmHg, 30 mmHg, 45 mmHg, 50 mmHg, or any pressure level therebetween). In some embodiments, the inflation pattern administered by the controller inflates / deflates two or more chambers at one time. In these embodiments, the chambers can be inflated / deflated to the same or different pressure levels, and the duration that the chambers are maintained at the pressure levels may be the same or different. For example, in the scenario above where the first and second chambers are inflated, the first chamber may be inflated to a pressure of 15 mmHg, while the second chamber may be inflated to a pressure of 30 mmHg. In other embodiments, the controller can apply different inflation / deflation patterns to the individual chambers.

[0145] Figure 9 is a flow diagram of a process 900 for varying pressure in the chambers of a pressure-mitigation device positioned between a human body and a support surface, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. By varying the pressure in the chambers, a controller can move the main point of pressure applied by the support surface across the human body. For example, the main point of pressure applied by the support surface to the human body may be moved among multiple predetermined locations by sequentially varying the pressure in different predetermined subsets of chambers.185077836.1 50PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0146] Initially, a controller can determine that a pressure-mitigation device has been fluidly connected to the controller (step 901). The controller may detect which type of pressure-mitigation device has been connected by monitoring the connection between a fluid interface (e.g., the fluid interface 508 of Figure 5B) and the pressure-mitigation device. Each type of pressure-mitigation device may include a different type of connector. For example, a pressure-mitigation device designed for elongated support surfaces (e.g., pressure-mitigation device 100 of Figures 1A-B) may include a first arrangement of magnets in its connector, and a pressure-mitigation device designed for non-elongated support surfaces (e.g., the pressure-mitigation device of Figure 2) may include a second arrangement of magnets in its connector. The controller may determine which type of pressure-mitigation device has been connected based on which magnets have been detected within a specified proximity. As another example, the pressure-mitigation device designed for elongated support surfaces may include a beacon capable of emitting a first electronic signature, while the pressure-mitigation device designed for non-elongated support surfaces may include a beacon capable of emitting a second electronic signature. Examples of beacons include Bluetooth beacons, USB beacons, and infrared beacons. A beacon may be configured to communicate with the controller via a wired communication channel or a wireless communication channel.

[0147] The controller can then identify a pattern that is associated with the pressuremitigation device (step 902). For example, the controller may examine a library of patterns corresponding to different pressure-mitigation devices to identify the appropriate pattern. The library of patterns may be stored in a local memory (e.g., the memory 604 of Figure 6) or a remote memory accessible to the controller across a network. The controller may modify an existing pattern based on the pressure-mitigation device, the user, the ailment affecting the user, etc. For instance, the controller may alter an existing pattern in response to determining that the pattern includes instructions for more chambers than the pressure-mitigation device includes. Additionally or alternatively, the controller can analyze a pressure difference determined in the load detection procedure to determine the load of the patient corresponding to the pressure difference. The load detected can be used to adjust the therapy cycle settings to accommodate the patient’s weight, allowing the device to deliver therapy cycles tailored to the patient with minimal user intervention.185077836.1 51PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 The controller may also have a library index for different weight adjustments, enabling it to select or modify patterns based on the detected load. For example, the controller may alter an existing pattern in response to determining that the weight of the user exceeds a predetermined threshold. The controller can reperform the load detection procedure one or more times after completing a therapy cycle and readjust the therapy cycle settings according to stored library parameters.

[0148] In some embodiments, the pattern is associated with a characteristic of the user in addition to, or instead of, the pressure-mitigation device. For example, the controller may examine a library of patterns corresponding to different ailments or specific medical conditions to identify the appropriate pattern. Thus, the library may include a first pattern associated with sacral ulcers, a second pattern associated with stroke, etc. Additionally, the library of patterns can include those tailored for patients undergoing specific procedures or at risk of pulmonary or cardiac health issues. The library can also include specific patterns for tailoring patients’ treatment regimens, such as time spent in a chair, bed, or ambulating. For example, in clinical scenarios such as post-cardiac surgery, where pulmonary edema is a concern, the treatment regimen may require the patient to spend a specific amount of time in a chair each day to achieve a generally more upright position, aiding in fluid drainage, enhancing lung conditions, and facilitating faster weaning from ventilators, thereby improving overall patient recovery and optimizing hospital resources.

[0149] The controller can then cause the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device to be inflated in accordance with the pattern (step 903). As discussed above, the controller can cause the pressure on one or more anatomical regions of the human body to be varied by controllably inflating one or more chambers, deflating one or more chambers, or any combination thereof.

[0150] Figure 10 is a flow diagram of a process 1000 for establishing movements of the human body situated on a pressure-mitigation device without placing any sensors in direct contact with the human body, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. Steps 1001 -1003 of Figure 10 may be at least generally similar to steps 901 -903 of Figure 9.185077836.1 52PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0151] The controller responsible for managing the inflation / deflation of the pressure-mitigation device may include transducer(s) configured to generate an electrical signal based on the pressure of each chamber of the pressure-mitigation device. Accordingly, the controller may obtain pressure data that is representative of the values of the electrical signals generated by the transducer(s) (step 1004). For example, one or more pressure sensors may be located near, or embedded within, the surface of the pressure-mitigation device. Additionally or alternatively, pressure sensors may be located within the controller. These pressure sensors can be used to detect motion of the human body. In particular, motions may be inferred based on changes in the pressure as detected by these pressure sensors. Motion data representative of the motions can be stored and / or shared (e.g., with other electronic devices) for further analysis. At a high level, the intrinsic motion of the human body may be measured by analyzing the motion data. This motion data may be used as a barometer of health similar to other vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation level, and thus may be used to predict well-being.

[0152] In some embodiments, the motion data is used in a closed feedback loop to inform caregivers of the intrinsic motion (or lack thereof), which may be an indication of patient status and whether intervention is necessary. Vital signs could also be inferred by the controller when establishing the patient status, determining whether intervention is necessary, etc. For example, the controller may be able to infer the respiratory rate of the human body based on its motion as represented by the motion data. Examples of vital signs include blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and the like. The entire system, including the pressure-mitigation device and the controller, can be used in a feedback loop involving the patient and / or the patient’s caregiver as a means to communicate. The motion data may also indicate when the patient has left the pressure-mitigation device. Accordingly, the controller could be employed as part of a fall prevention / detection system that generates notifications to alert caregivers of the patient’s egress from the pressure-mitigation device. These notifications may be audible or non-audible. For instance, a notification (e.g., in the form of a text message, email message, or push notification) may be automatically delivered to a computing device associated with a caregiver responsive to a determination that the patient has left the pressure-185077836.1 53PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 mitigation device. Additionally or alternatively, the notifications can be displayed via a computer program interface on a hospital unit workstation, as described in more detail with reference to Figures 15-21. Accordingly, the controller can be used to facilitate communication between the patient and their caregivers regarding their health status. For instance, the controller could be programmed to automatically contact emergency services (e.g., by dialing 911 ) in some situations, and the controller could be programmed to contact a primary healthcare provider in other situations.

[0153] The controller can examine the pressure data to identify movements, if any, of the human body situated on the pressure-mitigation device (step 1005). As further discussed below, the controller may transmit at least some of the pressure data to a remote location for further analysis. By constantly monitoring the pressures of the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device, the controller can infer the location of the human body without requiring the use of sensors in direct contact with the human body. Additionally or alternatively, data from an external ambulation device, such as an accelerometer or sensor attached directly to the patient, can be used in combination with the pressure data to glean insights into a patient’s mobility and overall health state.

[0154] Unless contrary to physical possibility, it is envisioned that the steps described above may be performed in various sequences and combinations. For example, the controller may be configured to perform the processes 900, 1000 of Figures 9 and 10 simultaneously. Other steps may also be included in some embodiments. For example, the controller may cause a notification to be transmitted to another computing device in some situations. For example, the controller may cause a notification to be transmitted to another computing device responsive to discovering a movement indicative of discomfort in an anatomical region of the human body situated on the pressuremitigation device. As another example, the controller may cause a notification to be transmitted to another computing device responsive to discovering a movement indicative of an attempt by the human body to leave the pressure-mitigation device or a complete lack of movement for a specified period of time.185077836.1 54PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 Overview of Communication Environments and Pressure-Mitigation Systems

[0155] Remote monitoring of pressure data (e.g., generated by the processing module 616) and / or events (e.g., documents by the archiving module 628) that are associated with a pressure-mitigation device may be used to infer a mobility status and / or a health status of a user (also referred to as a “patient” or “subject”), as well as to identify periods of sustained immobility that may indicate declining mobility, physiological deterioration, or the onset of a health complication. In particular, changes in pressure distribution, timing of pressure redistribution events, and transitions between loaded and unloaded states may be analyzed to determine whether a patient is occupying a bed, a chair, or another support surface, as well as how frequently, how soon, and for how long the patient occupies each surface. Such information is generally unavailable or only sporadically documented in intensive care units (ICUs) and other clinical environments, despite its relevance to patient outcomes. As further discussed below, remote monitoring may also detect when a patient leaves a bed, chair, or other surface on which the pressure-mitigation device is situated, or transitions between multiple pressure-mitigation devices (e.g., from a bed to a chair). In some embodiments, alerts may be generated to draw attention to such events, for example via a local alarm produced by a controller or a remote alarm transmitted to another computing device (e.g., a mobile phone or nursestation system). This enables near real-time assistance for ambulatory patients to reduce fall risk, detect unassisted exits, or identify falls from a support surface. Beyond safety, the continuous capture of these movement-related events provides a longitudinal record of patient activity that reflects functional status and recovery progression, thereby supporting more informed clinical decision-making and more efficient use of healthcare resources.

[0156] Remote monitoring may additionally be used to determine whether a patient is properly using a pressure-mitigation device, whether the patient is correctly positioned relative to the device, and whether usage complies with a prescribed clinical or therapeutic protocol. For example, pressure data and / or events may be analyzed to verify that a patient remains centered on the device, that intended anatomical regions are appropriately supported, or that prescribed bed-to-chair transitions occur within expected185077836.1 55PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 time windows. Based on such analyses, alerts or notifications may be generated locally or transmitted to computing devices accessible to caregivers, healthcare professionals, or facility management. In this manner, device-derived data - alone or in combination with other clinical data such as traditional vital signs, treatment schedules, or care plans - can provide a more comprehensive view of patient trajectory over time. This mobility-and usage-derived information may function as a pseudo-vital sign that reflects functional capacity, responsiveness to therapy, and risk of adverse outcomes. By incorporating this pseudo-vital sign into patient monitoring workflows, healthcare professionals may better tailor interventions, adjust care intensity, and proactively manage patients to achieve improved outcomes, particularly in high-acuity environments such as ICUs where subtle changes in mobility and activity may be early indicators of recovery or decline.

[0157] Figure 11 depicts an example of a communication environment 1100 that includes a controller 1102 communicably coupled to a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. As shown in Figure 11 , the controller 1102 can be configured to communicate with other computing devices. For example, the controller 1102 may transmit data to a given computing device, receive instructions from a given computing device, etc. Examples of computing devices include mobile phones 1104, tablet computers 1106, mobile workstations 1108, and computer servers 1110. The controller 1102 and computing device(s) may collectively be referred to as the “networked devices.”

[0158] The networked devices can be connected to one another via one or more networks 1112a-g. The network(s) 1112a-g can include personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), cellular networks, the Internet, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the networked devices may communicate with one another over a short-range communication protocol, such as Bluetooth, near-field communication (NFC), Wi-Fi, ZigBee, another commercial point-to-point protocol, or a proprietary point-to-point protocol. For example, the controller 1102 may include a Bluetooth Low Energy chipset, a Wi-Fi chipset, etc. In some embodiments, the controller 1102 is communicatively coupled to the mobile phone 1104185077836.1 56PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 via a Bluetooth communication channel and the computer server 1110 via a Wi-Fi communication channel.

[0159] Embodiments of the communication environment may include some or all of the networked devices. For example, some embodiments of the communication environment 1100 include the controller 1102 and a single computing device (e.g., the mobile phone 1104) that is responsible for examining pressure data obtained by the controller 1102. As another example, some embodiments of the communication environment 1100 include the controller 1102 and a computer server 1110 on which pressure data, mobility data, and / or the like is stored for subsequent review. In such embodiments, the computer server 1110 may examine pressure data obtained by the controller 1102, and the computer server 1110 may transmit analyses of the pressure data to another computing device. For example, the computer server 1110 may transmit analyses of the pressure data to the mobile phone 1104 for presentation to a caregiver.

[0160] Figure 12 is a partially schematic side view of a pressure-mitigation system 1200 (or simply “system”) for orienting a user over a pressure-mitigation device, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. Here, the system 1200 includes a pressure-mitigation device 1206 that includes side supports 1208, an attachment device 1204, a pressure device 1214, and a controller 1212. Other embodiments of the system 1200 may include a subset of these components. For example, the system 1200 may include a pressure-mitigation device 1206, a pressure device 1214, and a controller 1212. The pressure-mitigation device 1206 is discussed in further detail with respect to Figures 1 A-3, and the controller 1212 is discussed in further detail with respect to Figures 5A-8.

[0161] In this embodiment, the pressure-mitigation device 1206 includes a pair of elevated side supports 1208 that extend longitudinally along opposing sides of the pressure-mitigation device 1206. However, some embodiments of the pressure-mitigation device 1206 do not include any elevated side supports. The pressure-mitigation device 1206 includes a series of chambers interconnected on a base material. As further discussed above, the chambers may be arranged in a geometric pattern designed to mitigate the pressure applied to an anatomical region by the support surface 1216.185077836.1 57PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0162] The elevated side supports 1208 can be configured to actively orient the anatomical region of the user 1202 over the series of chambers. For example, the elevated side supports 1208 may be responsible for actively orienting the anatomical region widthwise over the epicenter of the geometric pattern. As shown in Figure 12, the anatomical region may be the sacral region. However, the anatomical region could be any region of the human body that is susceptible to pressure. The elevated side supports 1208 may be configured to be ergonomically comfortable. For example, the elevated side supports 1208 may include a recess designed to accommodate the forearm that permits pressure to be offloaded from the elbow. The elevated side supports 1208 may be significantly larger in size than the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device 1206. Accordingly, the elevated side supports 1208 may create a barrier that restricts lateral movement of the user 1202. In some embodiments, the elevated side supports are approximately 2-3 inches taller in height as compared to the average height of an inflated chamber. Because the elevated side supports 1208 straddle the user 1202, the elevated side supports 1208 can act as barriers for maintaining the position of the user 1202 on top of the pressure-mitigation device 1206. As discussed above, the elevated side supports 1208 may be omitted in some embodiments. For example, the elevated side supports 1208 may be omitted if the user 1202 suffers from impaired mobility due to physical injury, structural components that limit movement, anesthesia, or some other condition that limits natural movement.

[0163] In some embodiments, the inner side walls of the elevated side supports 1208 form, following inflation, a firm surface at a steep angle of orientation with respect to the pressure-mitigation device 1206. For example, the inner side walls may be on a plane of approximately 115 degrees, plus or minus 24 degrees, from the plane of the pressure-mitigation device 1206. These steep inner side walls can form a channel that naturally positions the user 1202 over the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device 1206. Thus, inflation of the elevated side supports 1208 may actively force the user 1202 into the appropriate position for mitigating pressure by orienting the body in the correct location with respect to the chambers of the pressure-mitigation device 1206.185077836.1 58PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0164] After the initial inflation cycle has been completed, the pressure of each elevated side support 1208 may be lessened to increase comfort and prevent excessive force against the lateral sides of the user 1202. Oftentimes, a medical professional (e.g., a physician, nurse, or caregiver) will be present during the initial inflation cycle to ensure that the elevated side supports 1208 properly position the user 1202 over the pressuremitigation device 1206.

[0165] The controller 1212 can be configured to regulate the pressure of each chamber in the pressure-mitigation device 1206 (and the elevated side supports 1208 if included) via a pressure device 1214 (e.g., an air pump) and multi-channel tubing 1210. For example, the chambers may be controlled in a specific pattern to preserve blood flow and reduce pressure applied to the user 1202 when inflated (i.e., pressurized) and deflated (i.e., depressurized) in a coordinated fashion by the controller 1212. The multichannel tubing 1210 may be connected between the pressure-mitigation device 1206 and the pressure device 1214. Accordingly, the pressure-mitigation device 1206 may be fluidly coupled to a first end of tubing (e.g., single-channel tubing or multi-channel tubing), while the pressure device 1214 may be fluidly coupled to a second end of the tubing. Similarly, the pressure-mitigation device 1206 may be fluidly coupled to a first end of the multichannel tubing 1210, while the pressure-mitigation device 1206 may be fluidly coupled to a second end of the multi-channel tubing 1210.

[0166] Any of the embodiments described herein with relation to a singular pressuremitigation device may be similarly applied to another pressure-mitigation device being used by an individual, such as one or more pressure-mitigation devices operably coupled to a controller or a shared network that are part of a patient’s treatment regimen, as described in more detail with reference to Figures 13A-14C. Extending the benefits of pressure regulation, comfort, and mobility monitoring to various types of pressuremitigation devices enhances patient care across different settings and devices.

[0167] Figures 13A-C are partially schematic views of a communication environment 1300 that includes a controller 1312 communicably couplable to pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 deployed on a bed 1304 and a chair 1308, respectively, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. Referring to Figures 13A-13C185077836.1 59PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 collectively, the communication environment 1300 can be generally similar to or identical to the communication environment 1100 described in more detail with reference to Figure 11. The pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 can be generally similar to or identical to one or more of the pressure-mitigation devices described herein. For example, the pressure-mitigation device 1306 can be designed for the bed 1304 and / or other elongated support surfaces, as described in more detail with reference to the pressure-mitigation device 100 of Figures 1 A-B. The pressure-mitigation device 1310 can be designed for the chair 1308 or other non-elongated support surfaces, as described in more detail with reference to the pressure-mitigation device 200 of Figure 2.

[0168] The controller 1312 can be generally similar to or identical to one or more of the controllers described herein, such as the controllers 500, 600, 1102, and 1212 of Figures 5, 6, 11 , and 12, respectively. The controller 1312 can communicably and / or fluidly couple one or both the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 via a multi-channel tubing 1314. The multi-channel tubing 1314 can be generally similar to or identical to the multi-channel tubing 1210 of Figure 12. It is worth noting that although the controller 1312, as shown in Figures 13A-C, is coupled to only one of the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 at a time, the controller 1312 could also be configured to inflate / deflate one or more pressure-mitigation devices simultaneously.

[0169] The network 1316 can be generally similar or identical to one or more of the networks 1112a-g in the communication environment 1100 described in Figure 11. For example, the network 1316 can communicably and / or operably couple the pressuremitigation devices 1306, 1310, which are electrically coupled to the controller 1312, to one or more communication devices, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, and / or workstation, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 11. The controller 1312 can communicate pressure data and / or analysis of the pressure data from the controller 1312 to the one or more communication devices for further processing and / or to notify a healthcare professional 1318 about the status of a patient 1302 positioned on the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 and / or the status of the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310. Additionally or alternatively, the healthcare professional 1318 can be a caretaker to the patient 1302 in an environment outside of a hospital setting, such as a185077836.1 60PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 home environment. The network 1316 can also be in communication with one or more of the external ambulatory devices described herein, such that mobility data from the ambulatory devices and / or pressure data from the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 can be processed to glean additional insights into the mobility patterns of the patient 1302 and thus the overall health state of the patient 1302.

[0170] The transition between the bed 1304 and the chair 1308 can form the foundation of patient care. Telemetry on ambulatory health, such as tracking whether the patient 1302 walks one hundred steps before hospital discharge, is a common metric for determining if a patient is recovering and / or at a health state that enables them to be discharged. Incorporating ambulatory information, including physical movement, time spent in the bed 1304, time in the chair 1308, time walking, and / or the like, provides a comprehensive view of the recovery and overall health of the patient 1302. One or more external ambulatory devices (not illustrated), such as ambulation-tracking boots, socks, accelerometers, or sensors, can be coupled to or worn by the patient 1302 and used with the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310 and the controller 1312 to gather said mobility data. One or more components of the communication environment 1300 described herein can be used to log the duration spent in the bed 1304 and the chair 1308 based on the pressure data from the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310, providing valuable data on the patient’s treatment progress and the efficacy of their treatment regimen. Additionally, the mobility data collected can ensure that the healthcare professional 1318 adheres to moving the patient 1302 according to the prescribed treatment regimen in a timely and accurate manner, thereby improving patient health outcomes and enhancing clinical management within the hospital setting.

[0171] For example, a computer program, such as the computer program described in more detail with reference to Figures 15-21, can analyze the mobility data and / or pressure data, gleaning insights into the adherence of the patient 1302 to their treatment regimen. The computer program can be integrated with one or more components of the communication environment 1300 (e.g., one or more of the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310, the controller 1312, and / or one or more external ambulation devices) to influence treatment regimens and thereby improve outcomes of the patient 1302. Analysis185077836.1 61PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 of the mobility data and / or pressure data can be used to provide ambulation suggestions based on the current mobility of the patient 1302 that could lead to improved health outcomes. For example, if the patient 1302 is generally more active than the treatment regimen suggested, the computer program can automatically adjust the patient’s treatment regimen, viewable by the healthcare professional 1318 via a computer program interface, to accommodate their increase in movement. Similarly, if the patient 1302 has been transitioning between the bed 1304 and the chair 1308 less than suggested, the computer program interface can alert the healthcare professional 1318 to move the patient 1302.

[0172] Referring now to Figure 13A, the patient 1302 can be positioned on the pressure-mitigation device 1306 disposed on the bed 1304. The pressure-mitigation device 1306 can inflate and / or deflate one or more chambers of the pressure-mitigation device 1306 in accordance with the therapy cycle described in more detail with reference to Figures 9 and 10. The patient 1302 can remain on the pressure-mitigation device 1306 on the bed 1304 as per their treatment regimen. As shown in Figure 13B, the patient 1302 can move from the bed 1304 to the chair 1308. The healthcare professional 1318 can unplug the multi-channel tubing 1314 on the bed 1304 from the pressure-mitigation device 1306 and plug the multi-channel tubing 1314 into the pressure-mitigation device 1310 on the chair 1308, as shown in Figure 13C. The multi-channel tubing 1314 can interface with a connector of the pressure-mitigation device 1310 that, for example, identifies that the pressure-mitigation device 1310 is configured for the chair 1308 or other non-elongated support surfaces, as described in more detail with reference to Figures 9 and 10.

[0173] Once plugged in, the pressure-mitigation device 1310 can inflate to a predetermined amount such that when a load (e.g., the patient 1302) is disposed on the pressure-mitigation device 1310 for a threshold amount of time (e.g., 15-180 seconds, etc.), the presence of the patient 1302 is detected and a more complex load detection process begins (e.g., to determine the load of the patient 1302). Once the patient 1302 sits on the pressure-mitigation device 1310, the controller 1312 can adjust the therapy cycle for the patient 1302. As described in more detail with reference to Figures 9 and 10, the controller 1312 can include one or more libraries that adjust the therapy cycle for185077836.1 62PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 different variations of the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310, the load of the patient 1302, the stage of recovery the patient 1302 is in, and / or the like. A similar process can be performed each time the controller 1312 is coupled to a different pressure-mitigation device and the patient 1302 moves from the chair 1308 to the bed 1304, or vice versa.

[0174] In some embodiments, the controller 1312 detects that the load of the patient 1302 is no longer on the pressure-mitigation device 1306 and / or that the multi-channel tubing 1314 was unplugged from the pressure-mitigation device 1306 (Figure 13B), logging the time the patient 1302 left the pressure-mitigation device 1306 and / or the time the multi-channel tubing was unplugged. Similarly, the controller 1312 can log the time when the multi-channel tubing 1314 is plugged into the pressure-mitigation device 1310 and / or when a load of the patient 1302 is detected on the pressure-mitigation device 1310 (Figure 13C). Additionally or alternatively, the controller 1312 can log the time spent on one or both of the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310, the type and / or amount of therapy cycles that were conducted during that time period, and / or any additional data derived from the pressure variations on the pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310. In some embodiments, the data from the controller 1312 is processed further, for example, on the network 1316, to determine the amount of time the patient 1302 spent ambulating (e.g., the time it took the patient 1302 to move from the bed 1304 to the chair 1308). Additionally or alternatively, data from one or more external ambulation devices can be shared over the network 1316 and used in combination with data from the pressuremitigation devices 1306, 1310 to draw conclusions regarding the mobility of the patient 1302 (e.g., how many steps it took the patient to reach the chair 1308, etc.).

[0175] Note that, in some embodiments, the controller 1312 may have multiple fluid interfaces (e.g., fluid interface 508 of Figure 5B) through which fluid leaves, in which case the controller 1312 could be fluidly coupled to multiple pressure-mitigation devices (e.g., pressure-mitigation devices 1306, 1310) at the same time. In such embodiments, the controller 1312 may independently monitor each fluid interface to establish when a pressure-mitigation device is fluidly coupled thereto and fluidly disconnected therefrom. Moreover, the controller 1312 may be able to independent control fluid flow through each fluid interface, such that the multiple pressure-mitigation devices can be controllably yet185077836.1 63PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 separately inflated in accordance with respective programmed patterns. The controller 1312 may also monitor usage of the multiple pressure-mitigation devices - and any mobility events involving the multiple pressure-mitigation devices - in an independent manner.

[0176] Alternatively, the same pressure-mitigation device could be moved between different surfaces (e.g., the bed 1304 and chair 1308) as the patient 1302 moves between those surfaces. Even if the controller 1312 remains fluidly coupled to the pressuremitigation device, the controller 1312 may be able to detect the transition via an analysis of the pressure data. For example, the controller 1312 may establish, based on the pressure data, when the patient 1302 departs from the pressure-mitigation device as it is situated on a first surface and when the patient arrives on the pressure-mitigation device as it is situated on a second surface. Accordingly, the controller 1312 could infer when the patient 1302 arrives on, or departs from, a pressure-mitigation device based on an analysis of (i) when the pressure-mitigation device was fluidly coupled to or decoupled from the controller 1312 and (ii) when the pressure data indicates an increase or decrease in the load applied to the pressure-mitigation device, or the controller 1312 could infer when the patient 1302 arrives on, or departs from, a pressure-mitigation device based entirely on the pressure data.

[0177] Figures 14A-C are partially schematic views of a communication environment 1400 that includes multiple controllers 1412a-b communicably coupled to pressuremitigation devices 1406, 1410 deployed on a bed 1404 and a chair 1408, respectively, in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. Referring to Figures 14A-14C collectively, the communication environment 1400 can be generally similar to or identical to the communication environment 1300 described in more detail with reference to Figure 13A-C, except that the communication environment 1400 includes a controller 1412a communicably and fluidly coupled to the pressure-mitigation device 1406 disposed on the bed 1404 and a controller 1412b communicably and fluidly coupled to the pressuremitigation device 1410 disposed on the chair 1408. The controller 1412a can communicably and / or fluidly couple the pressure-mitigation device 1406 via a multichannel tubing 1414a, and the controller 1412b can communicably and / or fluidly couple185077836.1 64PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 the pressure-mitigation device 1410 via a multi-channel tubing 1414b. The multi-channel tubing 1414a-b can be generally similar to or identical to the multi-channel tubing 1210, 1314 of Figures 12 and 13, respectively.

[0178] The network 1416 can be generally similar to or identical to the network 1316 of Figures 13A-0. For example, the network 1416 can communicably and / or operably couple the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410, which are electrically coupled to the controllers 1412a-b, to one or more communication devices, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, and / or workstation, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 11. The controllers 1412a-b can communicate pressure data and / or analysis of the pressure data from the controllers 1412a-b to the one or more communication devices for further processing and / or to notify a healthcare professional 1418 (or caretaker) about the status of the patient 1402 and / or the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410. The network 1416 can also interface with one or more of the external ambulatory devices described herein, allowing mobility data from the external ambulatory devices and / or pressure data from the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410 to be analyzed concurrently. The analysis can provide further insights into the patient’s mobility patterns, adherence to a treatment regimen, and overall health state.

[0179] Referring now to Figure 14A, the patient 1402 can be positioned on the pressure-mitigation device 1406 disposed on the bed 1404, where one or more therapy cycles can be provided to the patient 1402 by the pressure-mitigation device 1406. The patient 1402 can remain on the pressure-mitigation device 1406 on the bed 1404 as per their treatment regimen. As shown in Figure 14B, the patient 1402 can move from the bed 1404 to the chair 1408 with, for example, the assistance of the healthcare professional 1418. Since the multi-channel tubing 1414a couples the pressure-mitigation device 1406 on the bed 1404 to the controller 1412a and the multi-channel tubing 1414b couples the pressure-mitigation device 1410 on the chair 1408 to the controller 1412b, the healthcare professional 1418 does not necessarily need to unplug and replug the multi-channel tubing between the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410, as is done in Figures 13A-13C. Rather, the controllers 1412a-b can be plugged into their respective pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410 and communicably coupled over the network185077836.1 65PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 1416 to determine when the load of the patient 1402 is no longer detected on one of the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410 and / or is detected on another one of the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410.

[0180] For example, once the patient 1402 is detected on the pressure-mitigation device 1410 on the chair 1408 (Figure 14C), the controller 1412b can perform another load detection process and adjust the therapy cycle accordingly. The controllers 1412a-b can log the time spent on each of the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410, the type and amount of therapy cycles conducted, and any additional data derived from the pressure variations, as described herein. In some embodiments, data from one or more external ambulation devices in the network 1416 can be used in addition to the data from the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410 to gain insights into the mobility of the patient 1402 and the performance of the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410, as described in more detail with reference to Figures 13A-13C. The data can be further processed on the network 1416 to determine the patient’s ambulation time, mobility, overall health state, and / or the status of the chambers of the pressure-mitigation devices 1406, 1410, the multi-channel tubing 1414a-b, and / or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the data, insights, alerts, and / or notifications can be displayed on one or both of the controllers 1412a-b or on one or more communication devices (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, workstations, etc.), as described in more detail with reference to Figures 15-21.Overview of Exemplary Computer Program Interfaces

[0181] Figure 15 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface 1500 (“interface 1500”) for a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit A”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 1500 can serve as an interface to one or more of the computer programs described herein, providing a comprehensive overview of patient data and system statuses collected from various components of the pressure-mitigation systems. The interface 1500 can include a toolbar 1510 that features a unit drop-down bar 1512 and a search bar 1514. The unit drop-down bar 1512 allows healthcare professionals to toggle between different ICU units (e.g., Unit A, Unit B, etc.) to monitor patients using pressure-mitigation devices and the status of these systems within the185077836.1 66PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 units. The search bar 1514 enables healthcare professionals to search for a specific patient, a specific device within the unit, or another tab within the interface 1500.

[0182] Furthermore, the interface 1500 can include a device availability panel 1502, a patient status panel 1504, a chair use summary panel 1506, and a metrics dashboard 1508. The device availability panel 1502 can include one or more viewers 1503a-b configured to display the number of controllers that are assigned or currently being used with one or more pressure-mitigation devices (viewer 1503a) and the number of controllers that are currently available (viewer 1503b). The patient status panel 1504 can include one or more viewers 1505a-d configured to display the statuses of patients, such as the number of patients currently on a device (viewer 1505a), the number of patients experiencing no issues (viewer 1505b), the number of patients with a status recommendation (viewer 1505c), and the number of patients where action is required or an intervention is needed by the healthcare professional (viewer 1505d). The chair use summary panel 1506 can display the percentage of patients who have moved onto a pressure-mitigation device placed on a chair that day. The metrics dashboard 1508 can display various averages related to patients who moved onto a pressure-mitigation device placed on a chair, such as the average time that patients in Unit A went to the chair for the first time in a day, the average time Unit A patients spent in a chair, and / or the average number of times the patients in Unit A got up to go to the chair.

[0183] The interface 1500 can facilitate more efficient monitoring and management of patient care. For example, the interface 1500 can display real-time data on patient mobility, pressure-mitigation device performance, and other relevant metrics, enabling healthcare professionals to make informed decisions and optimize treatment regimens based on the patient’s status. Additionally, the interface 1500 can present alerts, notifications, and insights derived from the collected data, thereby enhancing the overall quality of patient care and operational efficiency within the hospital unit. In some embodiments, motion data is utilized in a closed feedback loop to inform caregivers about the patient’s intrinsic motion, which can indicate the patient’s status and the need for intervention. The controller can infer vital signs such as respiratory rate from motion data, and the interface 1500 can notify caregivers if the patient leaves a pressure-mitigation185077836.1 67PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 device or sits down on another pressure-mitigation device. Notifications can be delivered via text, email, or push notifications to caregivers’ devices or displayed on hospital workstations for monitoring the patient’s adherence to a treatment regimen.

[0184] It is worth noting that although the use of the interface 1500 and any of the interfaces described herein is discussed in the context of a healthcare provider in, for example, a hospital setting, the interfaces described herein can also be used by at-home caregivers, family members, patients, and / or the like to assess the patient’s adherence to a treatment regimen and their recovery.

[0185] Although in Figures 15 the interface 1500 is a general summary of a hospital Unit A, the interface 1500 can also be configured with one or more additional operational modules based on the treatment regimen the computer program is being used for, such as Surgical ICU, Cardio-thoracic, Weaning Facilitation, and Transplant / Cancer Patient care. These modules address various types of shock, such as neuro-septic shock, and impairments in the heart or circulatory system, all of which hinder oxygen delivery to cells and can be affected by a patient’s mobility.

[0186] Figures 16A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface 1600 (“interface 1600”) for patient summaries within a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit A”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 1600 can be a part of the interface 1500 described in more detail with reference to Figure 15. For example, the interface 1600 can display a more detailed summary of some of the patient information presented on the interface 1500, such as from the metrics dashboard 1508. As shown in Figure 16A, the interface 1600 includes a more detailed summary of the average time that patients in Unit A went to the chair for the first time that day. The interface 1600 can include a graph 1602 that displays time versus the number of patients who were in the chair for the first time that day. Each point on the graph 1602 can correspond to a patient associated with a corresponding patient ID.

[0187] One or more of the points can be clickable and can be selected to view in a selected patients panel 1604. The selected patients panel 1604 can display information associated with one or more selected patients 1606a-b, such as their unit number, room number, patient ID, first time to chair, number of chair uses that day, the time they spent185077836.1 68PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 in the chair, and the status of their controller. The interface 1600 enables the healthcare professional to assess the unit’s performance in mobilizing patients to the chair and / or to evaluate the mobilization of individual patients. The factors considered in this assessment include the timing of the mobilization, the frequency of chair use, and the cumulative time spent in the chair. A more detailed view of the history of one of the patients 1606a-b and the analysis that can be formed from this information is described in more detail with reference to Figures 18A-C.

[0188] Additionally or alternatively, the interface 1600 can display a more detailed summary of the patient status panel 1504 of Figure 15. As shown in Figure 16B, the interface 1600 includes a panel 1608 that shows one or more patients 1612a-e on the pressure-mitigation device. The panel 1608 can display information associated with the patients 1612a-e, such as their room number 1610a, patient ID 1610b, current therapy status 1610c, the device currently connected to their controller 161 Od, the first time they were in the chair that day 1610e, the number of times they were in the chair that day 161 Of, and the time they spent in the chair 1610g. In some embodiments, the current therapy status 1610c includes different icons to alert the healthcare professional of any recommendations regarding the patient’s therapy regimen, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 17. Although not explicitly shown in Figure 16B, the patients 1612a-e could also be sorted by the priority of the current therapy status 1610. For example, patients that include a check recommended notification (e.g., patients 1612a, 1612c) could be sorted as higher priority for the healthcare professional to check on than the patients with no issues (e.g., patients 1612b, 1612d, 1612e).

[0189] In some embodiments, the interface 1600 includes additional information regarding the statuses of the patients in Unit A. As shown in Figure 16C, the interface 1600 can include a patient discharge panel 1614 and a patients off-unit panel 1618. The patient discharge panel 1614 can display patients 1616a-c who were discharged from a pressure-mitigation device in Unit A, and thus, the pressure-mitigation device and / or controller associated with the device are available. The patient discharge panel 1614 can further include additional information regarding the patients 1616a-c, including the patient’s unit, room number, patient ID, and discharge time. The patients off-unit panel185077836.1 69PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 1618 can display patients 1620a-c who left Unit A for the day. The patients off-unit panel 1618 can further include additional information regarding the patients 1620a-c, including the patient’s room number, patient ID, the time the patient went off-unit, and the duration of time the patient will be gone. In some embodiments, the patient discharge panel 1614 and / or the patients off-unit panel 1618 can be used to reassign the controllers and the pressure-mitigation devices associated with the patients 1616a-c and / or the patients 1620a-c to another patient.

[0190] Figure 17 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface 1700 (“interface 1700”) for managing patient issues within a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit A”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 1700 can be a part of the interface 1500 described in more detail with reference to Figure 15. For example, the interface 1700 can display a more detailed summary of some of the patient information presented on the interface 1500, such as from the patient status panel 1504. The interface 1700 can include an action required panel 1702 and a check recommended panel 1706. For example, the action required panel 1702 can show a more detailed display of one or more patients 1704a-b where action or intervention is needed by the healthcare professional on the controller or pressure-mitigation device they are associated with (e.g., the view 1505d of Figure 15). In some embodiments, the action required panel 1702 displays one or more icons that notify a healthcare provider of one or more required actions to prevent or solve any issues being experienced during therapy delivery. For example, the action can be to connect the device to the controller or to ensure the patient is positioned on the device. Additionally or alternatively, the information associated with the patients 1704a-b can include their room number and / or the duration of time the issue has been occurring.

[0191] The check recommended panel 1706 can include a more detailed display of one or more patients 1708a-b with a status recommendation (e.g., the viewer 1505c of Figure 15). In some embodiments, the check recommended panel 1706 displays one or more icons that notify a healthcare provider of one or more recommended actions to ensure optimal therapy delivery. For example, the action can be to check if the patient is positioned on the device correctly or that the device is disposed on the bed or chair185077836.1 70PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 correctly. Additionally or alternatively, the information associated with the patients 1708a-b can include their room number and / or the finding that led to the recommendation being made (e.g., therapy is off a percentage of time on the device, or there hasn’t been a pause from the device for an extended period of time).

[0192] Figures 18A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface 1800 (“interface 1800”) for accessing patient history within a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit A”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 1800 can be a part of the interface 1600 described in more detail with reference to Figures 16A-0. For example, the interface 1800 can display a more detailed summary of one of the patients 1606a-b presented on the interface 1600, such as the patient history of one or more of the patients 1606a-b in Unit A. As shown in Figure 18A, the interface 1800 can include one or more bars, such as a patient selection drop-down bar 1802, a timespan drop-down bar 1804, and an event highlight drop-down bar 1806. The patient selection drop-down bar 1802 can include one or more of the patient IDs associated with patients in Unit A undergoing therapy. The timespan drop-down bar 1804 can include one or more timespan options, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 18B. The event highlights drop-down bar 1806 can include one or more event highlight options, as described in more detail with reference to Figure 18C.

[0193] Furthermore, the interface 1800 can include a timeline 1808 for the history of the selected patient, a patient log 1810, and a device log 1812. The timeline 1808 can include a summary of the time the patient spent in bed, the time spent in a chair, when therapy was paused, when the patient was not detected, and / or similar events. The timeline 1808 can be used to determine whether the patient is adhering to their treatment regimen, the amount of time the patient spent in bed, in the chair, and / or ambulating, and therefore, provide insights into the overall recovery progress of the patient. Note that in some embodiments, the timeline 1808 is updated periodically (e.g., when data is uploaded by one or more controllers) while in other embodiments, the timeline 1808 is updated dynamically as events are detected. Accordingly, the timeline 1808 could provide a healthcare professional with real-time insights into mobility of the patient. The patient log 1810 can include general information regarding the patient associated with the185077836.1 71PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 selected patient ID, such as the patient’s therapy history, current unit, current room, etc. The device log 1812 can include general information regarding the device in use by the patient, such as the total hours spent on a pressure-mitigation device (i.e., the total amount of time a load was detected on a pressure-mitigation device), the total time therapy was on or off, the time spent in bed, and / or the time spent in the chair.

[0194] As shown in Figure 18B, the timespan drop-down bar 1804 can include one or more timespan options 1805 that show different timespans to change the timeline 1808 of the patient, such as the present day, the last three days, the last two weeks, or the entirety of the time the patient has been in the unit. As shown in Figure 18C, the event highlights drop-down bar 1806 can include one or more highlight options 1807 that show different highlights to change the different events displayed on the timeline 1808, such as pause times (i.e., the amount of time therapy delivery was paused) or chair times (i.e., the detected amount of time the patient spent on the chair).

[0195] Figures 19A-C illustrate an exemplary computer program interface 1900 (“interface 1900”) for displaying controller information within a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit A”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 1900 can be a part of the interface 1500 described in more detail with reference to Figure 15. For example, the interface 1900 can display a more detailed summary of some of the device information presented on the interface 1500, such as the device availability panel 1902 in Unit A. As shown in Figure 19A, the device availability panel 1902 can include one or more viewers 1903a-b configured to display the number of controllers that are assigned or currently being used with one or more pressure-mitigation devices (viewer 1903a) and the number of controllers that are currently available (viewer 1903b).

[0196] As shown in Figure 19B, the interface 1900 can further include a controller discharge panel 1904 that displays additional information regarding controllers 1905a-b from which patients have been recently discharged. The controller discharge panel 1904 can further include additional information regarding the controllers that patients need to be discharged from, such as a previous controller serial number, a previous unit of the controller, a previous room number for the controller, and / or a patient ID of the patient associated with the controller and the discharge. In some embodiments, the interface185077836.1 72PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 1900 further includes a retrieve assigned controller from unit panel 1906 that displays, for example, which of the controllers assigned in Unit A need to be retrieved from another unit. Additionally or alternatively, the interface 1900 can include a return controller to assigned unit panel 1908. The return controller to assigned unit panel 1908 can display which controllers, for example, taken from other units need to be returned to another unit at the hospital.

[0197] As shown in Figure 19C, the interface 1900 can further include a Wi-Fi status panel 1910 that displays additional information regarding controllers 1911a with no Wi-Fi connection, a controller in use panel 1912 that displays the controllers 1913a-d in use at Unit A, and an available controller panel 1914 that displays the controllers 1915a-b available in Unit A. The interface 1900 can display additional information associated with the controllers 1911a, 1913a-d, and 1915a-b, such as the unit or last known unit of the controller, the room or last known room of the controller, the serial number of the controller, the last time the controller was checked by a healthcare professional, the patient ID of the patient assigned to the controller, and / or the status of the controller (e.g., the device is running, no patient is positioned on the device, the device is disconnected from the controller, etc.).

[0198] Figure 20 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface 2000 (“interface 2000”) for a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit B”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 2000 can be generally similar to or identical to the interface 1500 of Figure 15, except that that interface 2000 provides a comprehensive overview of patient data and system statuses collected from various components of the pressure-mitigation systems in Unit B rather than Unit A. Similar to the interface 1500 of Figure 15, the interface 2000 can include a toolbar 2010 that features a unit drop-down bar 2012 and a search bar 2014. The unit drop-down bar 2012 allows healthcare professionals to toggle back from, for example, the Unit B summary of the interface 2000 back to the Unit A summary of the interface 1500. The search bar 2014 enables healthcare professionals to search for a specific patient, a specific device within Unit B, or another tab within the interface 2000.185077836.1 73PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0199] The interface 2000 can include a device availability panel 2002, a patient status panel 2004, a chair use summary panel 2006, and a metrics dashboard 2008. The device availability panel 2002 can include one or more viewers 2003a-b configured to display the number of controllers that are assigned or currently being used with one or more pressure-mitigation devices (viewer 2003a) and the number of controllers that are currently available (viewer 2003b). The patient status panel 2004 can include one or more viewers 2005a-d configured to display the statuses of patients, such as the number of patients currently on a device (viewer 2005a), the number of patients experiencing no issues (viewer 2005b), the number of patients with a status recommendation (viewer 2005c), and the number of patients where action is required or an intervention is needed by the healthcare professional (viewer 2005d). The chair use summary panel 2006 can display the percentage of patients who have moved onto a pressure-mitigation device placed on a chair that day. The metrics dashboard 2008 can display various averages related to patients who moved onto a pressure-mitigation device placed on a chair, such as the average time that patients in Unit B went to the chair for the first time in a day, the average time Unit B patients spent in a chair, and / or the average number of times the patients in Unit B got up to go to the chair. The coloring or patterns on one or more of the viewers 2003a-b or the viewers 2005a-d can change depending on the item being displayed. For example, if more than five actions are required, the coloring of the viewer 2005d can be indicative of grabbing the attention of a healthcare professional to review.

[0200] Figure 21 illustrates an exemplary computer program interface 2100 (“interface 2100”) for managing patient issues within a hospital unit (e.g., “Unit B”), in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. The interface 2100 can be a part of the interface 2000 described in more detail with reference to Figure 20. For example, the interface 2100 can display a more detailed summary of some of the patient information presented on the interface 2000, such as from the patient status panel 2004. The interface 2100 can include an action required panel 2102 and a check recommended panel 2106. For example, the action required panel 2102 can show a more detailed display of one or more patients 2104a-f where action or intervention is needed by the healthcare professional on the controller or pressure-mitigation device they are associated with (e.g., the viewer 2005d of Figure 20).185077836.1 74PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001

[0201] In some embodiments, the action required panel 2102 displays one or more icons that notify a healthcare provider of one or more required actions to prevent or solve any issues being experienced during therapy delivery. For example, the action can be to connect the device to the controller, fix the tubing between the controller and the pressuremitigation device, replace the pressure-mitigation device, plug in the controller, disconnect and reconnect the device, and / or ensure the patient is positioned on the device correctly. Additionally or alternatively, the information associated with the patients 2104a-f can include their room number and / or the duration of time the issue has been occurring. The check recommended panel 2106 can include a more detailed display of one or more patients 2108a-d with a status recommendation (e.g., the viewer 2005c of Figure 20). In some embodiments, the check recommended panel 2106 displays one or more icons that notify a healthcare provider of one or more recommended actions to ensure optimal therapy delivery. Additionally or alternatively, the information associated with the patients 2108a-d can include their room number and / or the finding that led to the recommendation being made.Illustrative Examples

[0202] Aspects of the disclosure are set forth in the following examples.1. A non-transitory medium with instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:receiving, from a first controller that is fluidly coupled to a first pressure-mitigation device that includes a first plurality of chambers, a first set of values that are indictive of pressures of the first plurality of chambers over a first interval of time;establishing, based on an analysis of the first set of values, a first time at which an individual departed from the first pressure-mitigation device; receiving, from a second controller that is fluidly coupled to a second pressuremitigation device that includes a second plurality of chambers, a second set of values that are indicative of pressures of the second plurality of chambers over a second interval of time;185077836.1 75PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 establishing, based on an analysis of the second set of values, a second time at which the individual arrived on the second pressure-mitigation device; and recording the first and second times in a data structure that is associated with the individual.2. The non-transitory medium of example 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:computing ambulatory time based on the first and second times; and recording the ambulatory time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.3. The non-transitory medium of example 1 ,wherein the first pressure-mitigation device is known to be accessible to the individual and is situated on a first surface, andwherein the second pressure-mitigation device is also known to be accessible to the individual and is situated on a second surface.4. The non-transitory medium of example 1 ,wherein the first time is further established based on a third time at which the first pressure-mitigation device is fluidly coupled to the first controller, and wherein the second time is further established based on a fourth time at which the second pressure-mitigation device is fluidly coupled to the second controller.5. The non-transitory medium of example 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:receiving, from the first controller, a first input that indicates a third time at which the first pressure-mitigation device was fluidly coupled to the first controller; receiving, from the second controller, a second input that indicates a fourth time at which the second pressure-mitigation device was fluidly coupled to the second controller; andrecording the third and fourth times in the data structure that is associated with the individual.185077836.1 76PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W0016. The non-transitory medium of example 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:receiving, from the second controller, a third set of values that are indicative of the pressures of the second plurality of chambers over a third interval of time that succeeds the second interval of time;establishing, based on an analysis of the third set of values, a third time at which the individual departed from the second pressure-mitigation device; and recording the third time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.7. The non-transitory medium of example 6, wherein the operations further comprise:computing a duration spent on the second pressure-mitigation device based on the second and third times; andrecording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.8. A method comprising:establishing, based on an analysis of a first dataset that is generated by a controller over a first interval of time, a first time at which an individual arrives on a pressure-mitigation device that is fluidly coupled to the controller and that includes a plurality of chambers,wherein the first dataset includes values indicative of pressures of the plurality of chambers over the first interval of time; establishing, based on an analysis of a second dataset that is generated by the controller over a second interval of time that succeeds the first interval of time, a second time at which the individual departs from the pressuremitigation device,wherein the second dataset includes values indicative of the pressures of the plurality of chambers over the second interval of time; and recording the first and second times in a data structure that is associated with the individual, so as to maintain a record of a bout of therapy provided by the pressure-mitigation device.185077836.1 77PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 9. The method of example 8, further comprising:computing a duration spent on the pressure-mitigation device based on the first and second times; andrecording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.10. The method of example 9, further comprising:presenting, on an interface, a visual indication of either (i) the first and second times or (ii) the duration, for review by a healthcare professional responsible for providing care to the individual.11. The method of example 8,establishing, based on an analysis of a third dataset that is generated by the controller over a third interval of time that succeeds the second interval of time, a third time at which the individual arrives on the pressure-mitigation device,wherein the third dataset includes values indicative of the pressures of the plurality of chambers over the third interval of time; and recording the third time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.12. The method of example 11 , further comprising:computing a duration of time over which therapy was not administered by the pressure-mitigation device based on the second and third times; and recording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.13. A method for characterizing movement of an individual based on usage of one or more pressure-mitigation devices, the method comprising:establishing arrival times and departure times for each of the one or more pressure-mitigation devices based on an analysis of data that is generated by one or more controllers to which the one or more pressure-mitigation devices are fluidly coupled; and185077836.1 78PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 causing display of a visual representation of the arrival times and the departure times, so as to indicate of mobility of the individual, on an interface that is accessible to a healthcare professional responsible for providing care to the individual.14. The method of example 13, wherein said establishing is performed in real time as the data is generated by the one or more controllers, and wherein the visual representation is dynamically adjusted as new arrival times and new departure times are established.15. The method of example 13, further comprising:indicating, on the interface, an amount of therapy provided by the one or more pressure-mitigation devices over an interval of time based on an analysis of the arrival times and the departure times.16. The method of claim 13,wherein the example or more pressure-mitigation devices include a first pressuremitigation device that is situated on a first surface and a second pressuremitigation device that is situated on a second surface, andwherein the method further comprises:indicating, on the interface, an amount of time that the individual was situated on the first pressure-mitigation device, an amount of time that the individual was situated on the second pressure-mitigation device, or amounts of time that the individual was situated on the first and second pressure-mitigation devices.Remarks

[0203] The foregoing description of various embodiments of the claimed subject matter has been provided for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the claimed subject matter to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to one skilled in the art. Embodiments185077836.1 79PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 were chosen and described in order to best describe the principles of the invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the relevant art to understand the claimed subject matter, the various embodiments, and the various modifications that are suited to the particular uses contemplated.

[0204] Although the Detailed Description describes certain embodiments and the best mode contemplated, the technology can be practiced in many ways no matter how detailed the Detailed Description appears. Embodiments may vary considerably in their implementation details, while still being encompassed by the specification. Particular terminology used when describing certain features or aspects of various embodiments should not be taken to imply that the terminology is being redefined herein to be restricted to any specific characteristics, features, or aspects of the technology with which that terminology is associated. In general, the terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the technology to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification, unless those terms are explicitly defined herein. Accordingly, the actual scope of the technology encompasses not only the disclosed embodiments, but also all equivalent ways of practicing or implementing the embodiments.

[0205] The language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes. It may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the subject matter. It is therefore intended that the scope of the technology be limited not by this Detailed Description, but rather by any claims that issue on an application based hereon. Accordingly, the disclosure of various embodiments is intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the technology as set forth in the following claims.185077836.1 80

Claims

PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A non-transitory medium with instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:receiving, from a first controller that is fluidly coupled to a first pressure-mitigation device that includes a first plurality of chambers, a first set of values that are indictive of pressures of the first plurality of chambers over a first interval of time;establishing, based on an analysis of the first set of values, a first time at which an individual departed from the first pressure-mitigation device; receiving, from a second controller that is fluidly coupled to a second pressuremitigation device that includes a second plurality of chambers, a second set of values that are indicative of pressures of the second plurality of chambers over a second interval of time;establishing, based on an analysis of the second set of values, a second time at which the individual arrived on the second pressure-mitigation device; and recording the first and second times in a data structure that is associated with the individual.

2. The non-transitory medium of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:computing ambulatory time based on the first and second times; and recording the ambulatory time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

3. The non-transitory medium of claim 1 ,wherein the first pressure-mitigation device is known to be accessible to the individual and is situated on a first surface, andwherein the second pressure-mitigation device is also known to be accessible to the individual and is situated on a second surface.185077836.1 81PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 4. The non-transitory medium of claim 1 ,wherein the first time is further established based on a third time at which the first pressure-mitigation device is fluidly coupled to the first controller, and wherein the second time is further established based on a fourth time at which the second pressure-mitigation device is fluidly coupled to the second controller.

5. The non-transitory medium of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:receiving, from the first controller, a first input that indicates a third time at which the first pressure-mitigation device was fluidly coupled to the first controller; receiving, from the second controller, a second input that indicates a fourth time at which the second pressure-mitigation device was fluidly coupled to the second controller; andrecording the third and fourth times in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

6. The non-transitory medium of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:receiving, from the second controller, a third set of values that are indicative of the pressures of the second plurality of chambers over a third interval of time that succeeds the second interval of time;establishing, based on an analysis of the third set of values, a third time at which the individual departed from the second pressure-mitigation device; and recording the third time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

7. The non-transitory medium of claim 6, wherein the operations further comprise:computing a duration spent on the second pressure-mitigation device based on the second and third times; andrecording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

8. A method comprising:185077836.1 82PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 establishing, based on an analysis of a first dataset that is generated by a controller over a first interval of time, a first time at which an individual arrives on a pressure-mitigation device that is fluidly coupled to the controller and that includes a plurality of chambers,wherein the first dataset includes values indicative of pressures of the plurality of chambers over the first interval of time; establishing, based on an analysis of a second dataset that is generated by the controller over a second interval of time that succeeds the first interval of time, a second time at which the individual departs from the pressuremitigation device,wherein the second dataset includes values indicative of the pressures of the plurality of chambers over the second interval of time; and recording the first and second times in a data structure that is associated with the individual, so as to maintain a record of a bout of therapy provided by the pressure-mitigation device.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:computing a duration spent on the pressure-mitigation device based on the first and second times; andrecording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:presenting, on an interface, a visual indication of either (i) the first and second times or (ii) the duration, for review by a healthcare professional responsible for providing care to the individual.

11. The method of claim 8,establishing, based on an analysis of a third dataset that is generated by the controller over a third interval of time that succeeds the second interval of time, a third time at which the individual arrives on the pressure-mitigation device,185077836.1 83PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 wherein the third dataset includes values indicative of the pressures of the plurality of chambers over the third interval of time; and recording the third time in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:computing a duration of time over which therapy was not administered by the pressure-mitigation device based on the second and third times; and recording the duration in the data structure that is associated with the individual.

13. A method for characterizing movement of an individual based on usage of one or more pressure-mitigation devices, the method comprising:establishing arrival times and departure times for each of the one or more pressure-mitigation devices based on an analysis of data that is generated by one or more controllers to which the one or more pressure-mitigation devices are fluidly coupled; andcausing display of a visual representation of the arrival times and the departure times, so as to indicate of mobility of the individual, on an interface that is accessible to a healthcare professional responsible for providing care to the individual.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said establishing is performed in real time as the data is generated by the one or more controllers, and wherein the visual representation is dynamically adjusted as new arrival times and new departure times are established.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:indicating, on the interface, an amount of therapy provided by the one or more pressure-mitigation devices over an interval of time based on an analysis of the arrival times and the departure times.

16. The method of claim 13,185077836.1 84PATENT Attorney Docket No. 076970.8037.W001 wherein the one or more pressure-mitigation devices include a first pressuremitigation device that is situated on a first surface and a second pressuremitigation device that is situated on a second surface, andwherein the method further comprises:indicating, on the interface, an amount of time that the individual was situated on the first pressure-mitigation device, an amount of time that the individual was situated on the second pressure-mitigation device, or amounts of time that the individual was situated on the first and second pressure-mitigation devices.185077836.1 85

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