Production system, and method for repairing defects in a wooden workpiece

Abstract

The invention relates to a production system for repairing defects (2) in wooden workpieces (3), comprising a conveying device (4) for conveying the wooden workpieces (3) along a transport direction (5), a detection device (6) for detecting the defects (2) of the wooden workpieces (3), and a filling device (7) for filling the defects (2) with a filling material (8). Furthermore, it comprises a labelling device (9) which is designed to apply a label (10) to a first side face (11) on one of the wooden workpieces (3) over at least one detected first defect (12) if the first defect (12) extends up to a flat side (13.14) of the wooden workpiece (3), said flat side being adjacent to the first side face (11), such that the first defect (12) on the first side face (11) is closed by means of the label (10) and can be filled by means of the filling device (7) on the adjacent flat side (13.14) to which the first defect (12) extends.

Description

[0001] MANUFACTURING PLANT AND METHOD FOR REPAIRING DEFECTS IN A WOODEN WORKPIECE

[0002] The invention relates to a manufacturing plant for repairing defects in a wooden workpiece, as well as a method for repairing the defects.

[0003] Repairing wooden workpieces, such as laminated timber, is a well-known and common practice. Furthermore, there are various types of defects and corrective measures. One example is the insertion of patches into defects in wooden workpieces, where the defect is often prepared beforehand.

[0004] Furthermore, it is known to detect defects such as knots, cracks or the like using detection devices and to fill them with filling materials.

[0005] In DE 10223831 Al, a device and a method for processing wood-based materials such as glued laminated timber, which consist of a plurality of layers glued together, in which the defects in the individual layers, such as on the visible surfaces, are first determined by an optically acting scanning device, wherein the coordinates of the defect are fed into the memory of a control device and then filling material is inserted into the defect.

[0006] A disadvantage of such devices is that the defects often cannot be optimally filled, which reduces the quality of the wooden workpieces to be produced.

[0007] The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a device and a method by which a user is able to perform an improved filling of defects and thereby improve the quality of the wooden workpieces to be produced.

[0008] This task is solved by a manufacturing plant and a method for repairing defects in a wooden workpiece according to the claims.

[0009] The manufacturing plant according to the invention for repairing defects in wooden workpieces comprises a conveying device designed for conveying the wooden workpieces along a transport direction, a detection device designed for detecting the defects in the wooden workpieces, and a filling device designed for filling the defects with a filling material. It is characterized by a labeling device designed to apply a label to a first side surface of one of the wooden workpieces over at least one detected first defect, if the first defect extends to a flat side of the wooden workpiece adjacent to the first side surface, so that the first defect is sealed on the first side surface by means of the label and can be filled on that adjacent flat side to which the first defect extends by means of the filling device.

[0010] The invention makes it possible to improve the correction of defects in wooden workpieces by increasing the quality of the repaired areas using the label.

[0011] Furthermore, the invention enables the repair of complex defects using simple means and without the need for complex machining equipment.

[0012] This makes it possible to fill the affected defects, which have an opening on two different sides of the wooden workpiece, simply from one side using the filling device without additional processing units in the filling process, and still ensure a reliable filling.

[0013] Furthermore, a closure can be provided via the label, which can be easily removed. This can be a "lost" closure that can be easily removed during post-processing, e.g., planing or sanding, without requiring a separate work step.

[0014] The detection device can detect a specific defect extending from the side surface to one of the adjacent flat sides and "mark" or store it in a control or control device for the labeling device.

[0015] In principle, the control device can be configured to mark a specific defect in the control system that needs to be filled (e.g., for filling). This can be done, for example, based on a reference point of the wooden workpiece.

[0016] In this regard, the control device can be configured to store information for each defect, indicating whether the respective defect extends from a side surface to a flat surface or not. The stored information can, for example, include the position of the defect on the side surface, as well as the second position of the defect on the affected flat surface.

[0017] Preferably, this criterion can be evaluated for defects in a control device of the production plant, wherein the evaluated defects that meet this criterion are determined as at least one first defect or several first defects for the labeling device, which are then to be labelled by the labeling device.

[0018] Optionally, the defect can also be physically marked for the labeling device, so that a dot, a symbol, or another machine-readable element is applied to the defect, which can be detected by a sensor of the labeling device. In this way, the detection device can additionally include a marking unit.

[0019] As mentioned at the outset, the wooden workpiece can preferably be a glulam beam made up of several boards joined together. The boards can preferably have a uniform height, which, when assembled, also corresponds to the height of the wooden workpiece. Thus, the wooden workpiece can preferably be formed from at least two boards.

[0020] Furthermore, the wooden workpiece can preferably comprise two opposing side surfaces and two opposing flat sides extending between its end faces in the circumferential direction around its longitudinal axis. The wooden workpiece can also have a substantially rectangular cross-section by means of the flat sides and the side surfaces.

[0021] Other possible designations and types of the wooden workpieces to be used and repaired include, for example, glulam, laminated timber, and in particular glulam according to DIN EN 14080:2013. In principle, however, any type of wood material can be used that allows such a wooden workpiece, preferably with a rectangular cross-section, to be produced.

[0022] The individual boards of the wooden workpiece, especially glulam beams, may still exhibit slight differences at their ends, so that the boards may be offset from each other in a stepped fashion. Preferably, these ends can only be processed after the wooden workpieces have been filled, in particular by cutting them to a flat surface.

[0023] The labels for marking the defects can be made of, for example, paper and have an adhesive layer on one side, preferably comprising an adhesive intended for wood (e.g. resin, glue).

[0024] Alternatively, they can also be made of cardboard or similar materials, or a veneer.

[0025] Preferably, the labels have a thickness of 1 mm or less, for example, 0.8–0.5 mm. This makes it more difficult for the labels to be unintentionally detached during conveying of the wooden workpieces, as their thinness means they barely protrude. Furthermore, such thin labels allow for a larger number of labels to be stored in a magazine or on a roll. The thinness also makes the labels easier to handle due to their low stiffness, as well as easier removal and adhesion due to the large adhesive surface area relative to their weight.

[0026] Furthermore, the labels can preferably be gas-permeable, for example, in such a way that they seal the void for the filler material, but air inclusions can escape through the labels. For example, the labels can be perforated. Alternatively, the label material itself can have sufficient gas permeability so that, for example, air can escape through the label, as with a membrane.

[0027] Regarding their height and width – for covering defects – the labels can be fixed in size within the labeling device and, for example, be a standard size. For instance, the standard size could correspond to the total height of the wooden workpiece's sides, or, as another possible example, to half or one-third of this total height. It should be noted that the labels are preferably chosen to be large enough to clearly cover the defects, as a generous overhang of the labels can also ensure better adhesion.

[0028] Preferably, the labels can be of such a size that a projected area of ​​the defect on the side surface comprises a maximum of 75%, preferably 60%, and in particular 40% of the adhesive area of ​​the label. Furthermore, with regard to the defects intended for the labels, it can be provided that the control system determines the size of a projected area or the total extent of the defect on the side surface and compares it with the size of the labels.

[0029] The labeling device can be designed to apply at least two adjacent labels to a larger defect. Preferably, the at least two labels can overlap at their respective adjacent longitudinal edges.

[0030] Alternatively, if necessary, labels with special sizes can be provided, which are supplied by the labeling device as soon as a defect is detected that would protrude beyond the labels.

[0031] In general, the labels can be supplied individually from a magazine or similar device, or from a circulating belt on which the labels are arranged side-by-side in series along the belt's length. For example, the belt can be in a waiting position relative to the workpiece, a position known to the control system. As soon as a detected defect passes the waiting position, a label is supplied from the belt by a dispensing device, and the belt is advanced in its longitudinal direction so that the next label is brought to the waiting position.

[0032] Furthermore, the labels themselves can also be provided in the labeling device in the form of a continuous labeling tape, whereby the labels can be cut from the labeling tape to at least different lengths (depending on the respective defects detected), and the labeling tape preferably already having the adhesive layer. The labeling device can also include a cutting device such as a blade, scissors, or the like, by means of which the labeling tape is cut to the required label lengths.

[0033] Furthermore, the labels can be separated by having a pre-defined perforation for mechanical separation, e.g., along a line. Additionally, the size of the label can be determined by means of several arranged mechanical perforations, so that, for example, the respective perforation is selected according to a specific size along which the label is to be separated. The labeling device itself can preferably be arranged such that it is positioned laterally to the wooden workpiece, so that it is traversed by the workpiece along its longitudinal length.

[0034] The defects themselves can include, for example, resin pockets, knots, cracks, wood breaks, knots with embedded bark, open joints, missing material, shrinkage defects, and other defects that occur particularly in the types of wooden workpieces mentioned at the beginning. Furthermore, the defects can also include other defects caused by any woodworking processes. For example, the defects can also include removed discolorations or soiling of the wooden workpiece.

[0035] The defects to be identified and labeled can extend from the side faces to the flat sides and be spaced from the intervening edge of the wooden workpiece. However, the defects can also extend across the edge between the side face and the adjacent flat sides, for example, a chipped edge.

[0036] In this way, a label can also be partially exposed on the wooden workpiece if necessary, so that, for example, with a rectangular label, only three longitudinal edges adhere to the wooden workpiece and a fourth longitudinal edge of the label, e.g. in the area of ​​a broken edge of the wooden workpiece, is exposed and adheres sufficiently by means of the application of the other three longitudinal edges (as well as a remaining area of ​​the label which is not in the area of ​​the exposed defect).

[0037] As can be seen from the preceding description, the label can be a flat element applied to a wooden surface that supplements the wooden surface in the area of ​​the defect, partially overlapping the defect, in such a way that a pasty or liquid repair compound is supported in the defect for hardening with respect to the influence of gravity on the pasty or liquid repair compound until sufficient strength of the repair compound is achieved.

[0038] Furthermore, the labels can preferably be attached to the wooden workpieces perpendicular to the direction of gravity. Thus, depending on the orientation of the wooden workpieces, labeling can be carried out from the side surfaces, preferably horizontally, and filling from the flat sides, preferably perpendicular to the wooden workpiece. The filling material itself can comprise flowable materials, solids inserted into the defects, or combinations thereof.

[0039] The filler materials may include, but are not limited to, the following: resin, water-based putty, 1K / 2K PU, epoxy resin, hot melt, hot melt adhesive, and other viscous materials. Furthermore, the filler materials may also include solids such as resin pocket patches, knot dowels, cross-grain wood chips, crack patches, edge patches, other solid wood elements, etc.

[0040] Regarding the acquisition device, conventional measurement methods suitable for capturing the wooden workpiece can be used, preferably camera-based. The acquisition device can include, for example, 3D scanners, 2D color cameras, multispectral cameras, laser triangulation methods, scattering lasers, X-rays, and CT scans.

[0041] The recording of the wooden workpieces can also include recording individual boards before they are joined together to form the wooden workpiece.

[0042] Furthermore, the wooden workpiece can preferably be captured so comprehensively across its cross-section that the workpiece is captured simultaneously on its circumferential surfaces, encompassing the first and second side faces as well as the first and second flat sides. This can be achieved, for example, by having the workpiece pass through the capturing device along the transport direction, with each section of the workpiece being captured within the device during this passage. Preferably, the entire length of the workpiece can be captured from one end face to the opposite end face.

[0043] The detection device itself can preferably be fixed in place within the production plant, with individual units within the detection device being movable or adjustable for detecting and / or measuring defects, e.g., following the wooden workpiece in the transport direction (within the detection device). Preferably, the detection device can be designed as a gantry within the production plant, which the respective wooden workpiece traverses in the transport direction.

[0044] Furthermore, it may be provided that such a recording device records the individual wooden workpieces only with respect to a reference or the like, and a data record of the respective wooden workpiece is loaded, which already includes the defects, since the wooden workpieces have already been measured and recorded previously. It may also be provided that one of the defects is recorded and compared with the data records of the wooden workpiece for verification purposes.

[0045] For example, the individual boards that form the wooden workpiece can be identified with regard to their defects before being assembled into the wooden workpiece, whereby the defects of the individual boards are combined according to a position of the boards in the wooden workpiece, so that the defects of the boards form the defects of the wooden workpiece.

[0046] The merging of the defects is preferably carried out via a computing unit, or in the control device of the production plant.

[0047] Recording each individual board has the advantage that individual defects can be identified more easily. Furthermore, the cavities formed by these defects can be more easily determined for later filling.

[0048] Furthermore, the control device can be configured to exclude or “ignore” those defects in the boards for further processes in the wooden workpiece if the defects are enclosed by adjacent boards in the wooden workpiece and are thus sealed from the outside.

[0049] It is particularly preferred that the labeling device is configured to apply a further label to a second side surface opposite the first, covering at least one detected second defect, if the second defect extends from the second side surface to a flat side of the wooden workpiece adjacent to the second side surface, such that the second defect on the second side surface is closed by means of the further label. In this respect, the labeling device may preferably have a separate labeling tool for each side surface.

[0050] Preferably, in the area of ​​the labeling device, the orientation of the wooden workpieces with respect to their longitudinal extent can be arranged parallel to the transport direction.

[0051] Preferably, the orientation of the wooden workpieces relative to the transport direction can change within the production system. For example, in the area of ​​the filling device, the wooden workpieces can be oriented transversely to the transport direction, so that their longitudinal extent is perpendicular to the transport direction. For example, the transport direction of the wooden workpieces can change by 90° after labeling, so that they are conveyed further oriented transversely to the transport direction.

[0052] Regarding the filling of defects, it should be noted that the position of each defect can be stored in the control system based on the detection data, and the defects can be approached accordingly. Furthermore, a reference point on the wooden workpiece can be provided for reliable reference of the defects. Alternatively or additionally, the filling device can also have an optical detection unit that detects the defects on the wooden workpieces in order to approach them.

[0053] The filling device preferably comprises a filling tool that is movable at least parallel to and at least perpendicular to the transport direction in order to access individual defects on a flat side of the wooden workpieces. The adjustment of the filling tool can preferably be made in a plane parallel to the transport direction and / or parallel to the flat side to be filled.

[0054] Furthermore, the filling device may include several interchangeable filler material magazines, the different filler material magazines differing in at least one of the following properties: color, viscosity, and drying time. The different filler material magazines can, for example, be provided depending on the width and / or depth of the defects, so that, for instance, filler materials with lower viscosity are used for narrow, deep defects and filler materials with higher viscosity for wide defects. Furthermore, depending on the detected defect or its immediate surroundings, the color of the filler material can be changed so that it matches the color of the wooden workpiece in the area of ​​the defect.

[0055] Preferably, the filling device may include a level sensor configured to detect the fill level of the filling material in the defect to be filled. On the one hand, a level sensor can detect whether the defect is being filled or whether material is leaking from the defect, e.g., in the area of ​​the label. Furthermore, the level sensor can be used to monitor the fill level based on the solidification behavior of the filling material. For example, overfilling (or, if necessary, underfilling) by a predetermined amount or distance to the respective flat side of the wooden workpiece can be ensured.

[0056] According to a possible further development, the detection device may include a measuring device configured to determine the volume of a cavity formed by a defect in the wooden workpiece. The determined volume can then be used, for example, to calculate the amount of filler material required, allowing this process to be monitored using a level sensor. Furthermore, the measuring device can determine the geometric volume, enabling the assessment of whether a solid material is suitable for filling the defect with respect to its geometric dimensions.

[0057] In one embodiment, the filling device may include an insertion arrangement, the insertion arrangement being configured to insert a filler element into the defect to be filled, and the filler element within the defect being transferable with the filler material by means of the filling device. The sequence can be chosen depending on the defect, such that the solid filler element is first inserted into the defect and then viscous filler material is transferred, or the viscous filler material is first added and then the filler element is inserted into the viscous mass of the filler material.

[0058] The insertion assembly or filling unit may additionally include a processing unit designed to prepare the defect for the insertion of the filler. For example, the processing unit may comprise a milling cutter or a drill. Reference should be made here to the state of the art regarding the use of patches and similar repair elements.

[0059] According to an advantageous embodiment, the production plant can include a turning device configured to rotate the wooden workpiece 180° about a longitudinal axis from the first flat side, extending between the first and second side surfaces, to the opposite second flat side. Preferably, the turning device can be arranged within the filling device.

[0060] According to one possible embodiment, the turning device can be integrated into the conveying unit in such a way that the turning device merely turns the wooden workpieces on the conveying unit from the first flat side to the second flat side, e.g. by means of a gripper or the like.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the filling device can comprise at least a first filling tool and at least a second filling tool, wherein the first filling tool is configured to fill the detected defects on the first flat side of the wooden workpiece before the workpiece is turned over, and the second filling tool is configured to fill the detected defects on the second flat side of the wooden workpiece after it has been turned over. The first and second filling tools can be fundamentally identical in their function.

[0062] As an alternative to the first and second filling tools, a return feed can also be provided after the wooden workpieces have been turned over, so that the opposite flat sides of the wooden workpiece can be filled using the same filling tool. For example, an ejection point can be provided in the area of ​​the turning device, by which the workpieces can either be passed on to a subsequent device or returned to the filling device after turning. In principle, turning within the filling device itself would also be conceivable.

[0063] In general, the filling device or its filling tools can be designed in such a way that the filling of the wooden workpieces takes place in the direction of gravity.

[0064] Preferably, the labeling device may also include a pressing unit by means of which each label can be pressed onto the wooden workpiece during its application. The labeling device may thus include a stamp or the like for applying the labels, or alternatively a roller or cylinder by means of which the labels can be pressed down.

[0065] It is also preferably provided that the labeling device is height-adjustable in a plane perpendicular to the transport direction, so that the labels can be applied at different height positions of the wooden workpiece.

[0066] Alternatively, parts of the labeling device can be height-adjustable to provide the labels at different height positions, for example, with a roller that can extend over the entire height of the wooden workpieces. In this way, the labels can be positioned at different locations on the roller's surface and applied to the workpiece by the roller.

[0067] Furthermore, the aforementioned task is solved by means of a method for repairing defects in a wooden workpiece using the described manufacturing system. The method comprises the following steps:

[0068] - Feeding the wooden workpiece along the transport direction to the detection device by means of the conveying device;

[0069] - Detecting the defects of the wooden workpiece (on the first and second side surfaces, as well as the first and second flat sides) using the detection device;

[0070] - Feeding the wooden workpiece to the filling device;

[0071] - Filling the defects on at least one flat side of the wooden workpiece with filling material using the filling device;

[0072] characterized by the steps;

[0073] - Determine whether at least one of the detected defects extends from at least one side surface to an adjacent flat side of the wooden workpiece;

[0074] - Applying a label using the labeling device to at least one side surface over at least one identified defect extending from that side surface to the adjacent flat surface,

[0075] - Filling the identified defect using the filling device from that adjacent flat side of the wooden workpiece into which the identified defect extends.

[0076] Preferably, it can be provided that the defects of the wooden workpiece are first filled on their first flat side by means of the filling device, wherein the wooden workpiece is turned over by means of the turning device after the defects of the first flat side have been filled and after turning over the defects of the wooden workpiece on their second flat side opposite the first flat side are filled by means of the filling device.

[0077] It should be mentioned at this point that it is conceivable that the wooden workpieces could also be rotated (by 90°) on one of their side surfaces using at least one additional turning device, in order to fill at least one of the side surfaces, comprising the first and second side surfaces, using the filling device. If necessary, the side surfaces could also be filled at a later time. It is particularly preferred that the wooden workpiece be labeled simultaneously on its first side surface at the first defects and on its opposite second side surface at the second defects using the labeling device.It should be noted that "simultaneous" refers to simultaneous labeling on the respective side surfaces, and does not necessarily mean that the labeling process must take place at exactly the same opposite position on the first and second side surfaces, since the defects do not necessarily have to be located at the same position on the respective side surfaces in the direction of transport.

[0078] According to one embodiment, the wooden workpiece can be conveyed along the transport direction by the detection device, which continuously detects defects on the workpiece's side faces and flat surfaces during conveying. Furthermore, the device can regulate the workpiece's speed along the transport direction, allowing it to accelerate or decelerate depending on the defects. A stop can also be enabled in the vicinity of defects, particularly if, for example, a volume is to be determined using a previously described measuring device.

[0079] For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that, in principle, a return journey in the opposite direction of transport may also be planned, for example to allow for a renewed recording of the wooden workpiece or the defects, or to be able to attach a new label, or to label a defect several times.

[0080] It is further preferred that the wooden workpiece is conveyed along the transport direction immediately after the detection device by the labeling device, so that the wooden workpiece can already be labeled by the labeling device while it is still partially detected for defects by the detection device. This measure further offers the advantage that the labeling device does not cause any delays in the production plant, so that the labels are applied while the wooden workpieces are being conveyed from the detection unit, particularly during transfer to the filling device by the conveying unit. A removal device can preferably be provided for removing the labels, which is arranged in the production plant after the filling device.In particular, this can be done using a planing device or a grinding unit.

[0081] If the wooden workpiece consists of several boards, it may be possible to detect the defects in the wooden workpiece by recording the individual boards before they are joined together to form the wooden workpiece.

[0082] Furthermore, the defects can be combined according to a common arrangement of the individual boards for the production of the wooden workpiece by a computing unit, so that the defects of the wooden workpiece are formed by means of the defects of the boards.

[0083] In this process, for example, only a reference point or a code or the like of the wooden workpiece can be detected before the labeling device, whereby the position of the defects is already known based on the detected boards and their arrangement in the wooden workpiece or can be loaded based on the detected defects.

[0084] According to an advantageous embodiment, defects in the wooden workpieces can be filled by means of the filling device during transport along the conveying direction, wherein at least one filling tool of the filling device follows the defects of the wooden workpiece in the conveying direction during filling. In this respect, a defect can first be approached by the filling device according to its defined position and filled during the conveying process. As mentioned above, the filling tool can be designed to be movable at least parallel to and perpendicular to the conveying direction (in a plane above the wooden workpiece).

[0085] Preferably, the respective first and second filling tools described above can be designed to be movable in such a way that the filling tools follow the wooden workpiece in the transport direction.

[0086] To better understand the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

[0087] Figure 1 shows, in a highly simplified, schematic representation, an embodiment of a manufacturing plant for repairing defects in wooden workpieces;

[0088] Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a labeling device;

[0089] Fig. 3 shows a scheme of steps for identifying and repairing defects in a wooden workpiece;

[0090] Fig. 4 shows a piece of wood in cross-sectional view;

[0091] Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a labeling device;

[0092] Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a labeling process;

[0093] Fig. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a wooden workpiece.

[0094] It should be noted at the outset that in the differently described embodiments, identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals or component designations, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to identical parts with the same reference numerals or component designations. Furthermore, the positional designations chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refer to the figure directly described and illustrated, and these positional designations must be applied analogously to the new position if the position changes.

[0095] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a manufacturing plant 1 for repairing defects 2 in wooden workpieces 3.

[0096] The production plant 1 includes a conveying device 4 for conveying the wooden workpieces 3 along a transport direction 5.

[0097] The conveying device 4 can extend through the entire production plant 1 and transport the wooden workpieces 3 through it along a path along the transport direction 5.

[0098] Furthermore, the production plant 1 includes a detection device 6, which is designed to detect the defects 2 on the wooden workpieces 3. The detection device 6 can, for example, include an optical measuring system, as well as image acquisition means that are set up to detect the defects on the wooden workpiece 3.

[0099] Furthermore, the manufacturing plant 1 includes a filling device 7, which is designed to fill the defects 2 using a filling material 8.

[0100] Preferably, the filling device 7 can be provided for filling all defects 2 on at least one flat side of the wooden workpieces 3, regardless of whether the defects 2 extend to another side surface or merely form a depression in the wooden workpiece 3 from one side.

[0101] According to the invention, at least one labeling device 9 is provided which is designed to apply a label 10 to a first side surface 11 of the wooden workpieces 3 over a detected first defect 12, if the first defect 12 extends to a flat side 13, 14 of the respective wooden workpiece 3 adjacent to the first side surface 11, so that the first defect 12 on the first side surface 11 is closed by means of the label 10 and can be filled on the adjacent flat side 13, 14, to which the first defect 12 extends, by means of the filling device 7.

[0102] As is generally evident, the first flat side can be formed by means of a bottom side of the wooden workpiece and the second flat side by means of a top side of the wooden workpiece.

[0103] As mentioned at the beginning, the labels 10 can be made of paper, cardboard, or veneer, for example, and have a thickness of 1mm or less, and have an adhesive layer on one side, preferably comprising an adhesive suitable for wood.

[0104] The positions of the defects 2 are recorded by the detection device 6 with respect to a reference point on the respective wooden workpiece 3. A point on an end face of the wooden workpiece can be defined as the reference point (for example, a corner point of a board of a glulam beam).

[0105] The detection of a respective wooden workpiece 3 is preferably carried out by means of conveying the wooden workpiece 3 through the detection device 6, which detects the wooden workpiece 3 over its entire circumference and scans the wooden workpiece 3 along its longitudinal extent by means of the movement or conveying along the transport direction 5.

[0106] All commands of the devices of the production plant 1 can preferably be initiated by a central control device 28.

[0107] The recorded reference positions of the defects can be transmitted via the control device 28 to the labeling device 9 in order to apply the labels to the respective position.

[0108] Similarly, the reference positions of the defects can be transmitted to the filling device in order to fill the respective defects. For this purpose, the filling device can include a filling tool 25 that is movable by means of a drive system in at least one plane above the wooden workpiece (preferably parallel to the flat side). Furthermore, the filling device can be designed to fill the wooden workpieces during transport, so that a filling tool 24, 25 of the filling device 7 additionally follows the wooden workpiece 3 along the transport direction 5 and can simultaneously approach the defects transversely to the transport direction. Additionally, the filling device or a respective filling tool can also be designed to be movable vertically in order to approach or move away from the flat sides of the wooden workpieces.

[0109] Furthermore, the labeling device 9 can be designed to apply a further label 10 to a second side surface 15 opposite the first side surface 11 over at least one detected second defect 16, if the second defect 16 extends from the second side surface 15 to a flat side 13, 14 of the wooden workpiece 3 adjacent to the second side surface 15, so that the second defect 16 on the second side surface 15 is closed by means of the further label 10 and can be filled from the adjacent flat side, to which the second defect 16 extends, by means of the filling device.

[0110] With regard to the label to be affixed to the first and second side surfaces 11,15, the labeling device 9 can comprise two mutually interacting labeling tools which are designed mutatis mutandis to each other.

[0111] Furthermore, the filling device 7 can comprise several interchangeable filling material magazines 17, wherein the different filling material magazines 17 differ with respect to their filling material 8 in at least one of the following properties: color, viscosity and drying time.

[0112] The filling material magazines can be provided in the form of an interchangeable magazine and preferably automatically loaded onto the filling device 7. As mentioned at the beginning, the filling material magazines 17 may be required for different requirements even for the same wooden workpiece.

[0113] For example, a command to change the filling material magazines 17 can be initiated by the control device 28 by calculating different criteria based on the data recorded by the detection device 6 regarding the defects 2, which require different filling materials for individual defects 2.

[0114] Furthermore, the filling device 7 can include a level sensor 18 which is designed to detect the level of the filling material 8 in the defect 2 to be filled.

[0115] Regarding the fill level, a further criterion relating to the material to be filled can be stored, so that the fill level to be achieved depends on the filling material (and / or the identified defect itself).

[0116] As a possible example, depending on the solidification behavior of the filling material, a slight overfilling of the defects may be necessary, so that the fill level protrudes above the defect.

[0117] Furthermore, it may be provided that the detection device 6 includes a measuring device 19 which is designed to determine a respective volume V of a cavity 20 formed by means of a respective defect 2 in the wooden workpiece 3.

[0118] The measuring device 19 can, for example, be a separate measuring sensor which is inserted into the defect 2 and detects the cavity 20 from the inside. Furthermore, the measuring device 19 can also include a measurement using ultrasound.

[0119] The measurements of the detection device 6 can, in principle, be coupled via the control device 28 with the control of the filling device 7 in such a way that the position of the respective defect 2 on the wooden workpiece 3 can be approached by means of the filling device 7. Furthermore, the detection device 6 can be coupled with the filling device 7 and / or the level sensor 18 with regard to its measurements in such a way that a quantity of filling material 8 to be dispensed by the filling device 7 can be determined based on the determined volume V and / or the level sensor 18 can be used to additionally monitor the fill level based on the determined volume V and the dispensed quantity of filling material.

[0120] Regarding the label, this can, for example, reveal a bleed or malfunction if more filling material is required than would correspond to the determined volume.

[0121] With regard to the filling process, the filling device 7 can further comprise an insertion arrangement which is designed to insert a filling body into the defect to be filled, wherein the filling body can be transferred in the defect 2 by means of the filling device 7.

[0122] The filler material can, for example, consist of the same type of wood as the wooden workpiece 3, or be formed from waste material from wooden workpiece 3. Alternatively, the filler material can also consist of a pre-solidified filler material or a combination of wood and filler material. Reference is also made to the information on filler materials mentioned at the beginning.

[0123] Furthermore, a criterion can be stored in the control device, based on a previously determined volume, as to whether a filler should be inserted into the defect, e.g. based on the geometry of the cavity.

[0124] The manufacturing plant can include a turning device 23, which is designed to turn the wooden workpiece 3 by 180° about its longitudinal axis E from a first flat side 13 extending between the first side surface 11 and the second side surface 15 to an opposite second flat side 14.

[0125] The turning device 23 is located downstream of the detection device 6 in the transport direction 5, and preferably downstream of a first filling tool of the filling device 7.

[0126] Furthermore, the filling device 7 can comprise a first filling tool 24 and a second filling tool 25, wherein the first filling tool 24 is designed to fill the detected defects 2 on the first flat side 13 of the wooden workpiece 3 before turning the wooden workpiece 3 and the second filling tool 25 is designed to fill the detected defects 2 on the second flat side 14 of the wooden workpiece 3 after turning.

[0127] Furthermore, more than one filling tool 24, 25 can be provided for the respective flat sides 13, 14, as indicated by the two first filling tools 24a and 24b and the two second filling tools 25a and 25b.

[0128] Furthermore, regardless of the embodiment, the respective first and second filling tools 24, 25 can be designed such that the filling tools are adjustable relative to each other across the entire area of ​​the filling device, transversely to the transport direction (in a plane parallel to the transport direction) and / or along the transport direction. Thus, the two first filling tools 24a and 24b can preferably each move to any position on the first flat side 13 of the wooden workpiece 3, and the two second filling tools 25a and 25b can each move to any position on the second flat side 14 of the wooden workpiece 3.

[0129] As can be seen from the illustration, the filling device 7 can thus be subdivided with respect to the transport direction 5 in such a way that it is arranged both before and after the turning device 23, or the turning device 23 can be arranged inside the filling device 7 in order to turn the wooden workpieces 3 in particular for the filling device 7.

[0130] As mentioned at the beginning, a return feed from the turning device to the first filling tools can also be provided (not shown), which eliminates the need for the second filling tools and allows the first and second flat sides to be filled using the first filling tools.

[0131] As can further be seen, the turning device 23 can transport the wooden workpieces 3 with respect to a direction 29 vertical to the transport direction 5 (up and down), so that the wooden workpieces 3 are turned at a reversal point during the vertical transport and then guided back along the vertical direction 29, preferably out of a conveying plane and back into it.

[0132] Regardless of the embodiment, the turning device 23 can preferably have several arms transverse to the transport direction for each wooden workpiece, by means of which arms a respective wooden workpiece 3 can be supported horizontally and transported along the vertical direction 29, as can also be seen in Fig. 1. The arms can preferably be designed to be circumferential, so that the wooden workpieces can be turned at the reversal point of the turning device by means of the arms and can be returned along the vertical direction 29 until they rest again on the conveying device 4.

[0133] Furthermore, a treatment device 30, e.g. in the form of a drying device and / or a reaction chamber for the wooden workpieces can be provided after a filling process, by means of which the filling material in the already filled defects can be manipulated with regard to its solidification.

[0134] Preferably, the treatment device 30 can be configured in the area of ​​the turning device 23, or combined with it. For example, the treatment device 30 can be configured in the form of a chamber above the turning device 23, as indicated by the dashed lines in Fig. 1.

[0135] The labeling device 9 can include a pressure unit 26 by means of which a respective label 10 can be pressed onto the wooden workpiece 3 during its application. The pressure unit 26 can, for example, be formed by means of a roller device from which the label 10 is unrolled onto the wooden workpiece 3 when the roller device is pressed down and is simultaneously pressed into place.

[0136] The labeling device 9 can be height-adjustable in a plane perpendicular to the transport direction.

[0137] Alternatively, the labeling device 9 can also include several tools that apply the label at different height positions.

[0138] In Fig. 1 a further processing station 31 is indicated, which may include post-treatment of the wooden workpieces by an operator or a manipulator.

[0139] As further shown in Fig. 1, it is preferable that the transport direction 5 changes along the conveying path of the wooden workpiece 3 relative to the longitudinal axis or orientation of the wooden workpiece. For example, in the area of ​​the gripping device 6 and the labeling device 9, the transport direction 5 can be parallel to the longitudinal axis between the first end face 32 and the second end face 33 of the wooden workpiece 3. During transport through the filling device 7, the transport direction 5 can now be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or longitudinal extension between the first end face 32 and the second end face 33 of the wooden workpiece 3.

[0140] Particularly in the area of ​​the turning device 23, the transport direction 5 can be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wooden workpiece 3. As can be seen, a turning process of the wooden workpieces about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis can take place.

[0141] As can be further seen, the transport direction 5 can be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wooden workpiece 3 again when the wooden workpieces are removed from the production plant 1 or when transferred to a subsequent station, particularly after the filling process has ended. In this area, a further treatment device can also be provided, which is intended for treating the wooden workpieces after the further filling process.

[0142] Furthermore, additional processing steps may be provided downstream of the filling device, which are not shown.

[0143] In particular, a surface treatment, e.g. a planing device 34, can be arranged which is arranged in the transport direction 5 after the filling device 7, and by means of which the labels 10 can be removed again and at the same time the wooden workpieces 3 can be processed.

[0144] Furthermore, the manufacturing plant 1 can include a joining device 44, as shown in dashed lines in Fig.

[0145] 1 indicated, wherein the joining device 44 is designed to produce the wooden workpieces by joining at least two boards together. Preferably, the boards can already have the length of the wooden workpiece so that they are joined together along their long sides.

[0146] In general, reference should be made to the state of the art regarding the joining of boards for the production of BS wood and the like.

[0147] Furthermore, it can be provided that the detection device or part of the detection device is arranged upstream of the joining device, so that any defects in the individual boards can be detected and stored in the control device for the labeling device. Preferably, the defects in the boards are combined as defects in the wooden workpiece after joining. Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of the labeling device 9 in detail.

[0148] As can be further seen, the labeling device 9 is traversed by a wooden workpiece 3 with defects 2 along the transport direction 5, whereby the wooden workpiece may at this time still be partially in the detection device 6, so that it can already be provided with labels 10, while it is further detected along its longitudinal axis between the first end face 32 and the second end face 33 by means of the detection device 6.

[0149] The wooden workpiece can have a reference point on its front end face, which is preferably measured from an edge that forms a longitudinal end of the wooden workpiece in the transport direction 5.

[0150] The labeling device 9 can itself have optical detection means by which the defects 2 on the wooden workpiece 3, in particular on the side surfaces 11,15, can be monitored with regard to the labels to be applied and their positions.

[0151] In principle, the respective position of the (respective) first defects 12 and, if applicable, second defects 16 can already be calculated in the control of the production plant based on a conveying speed along the transport direction 5, as well as the current position of the labeling device 9, so that the labels can already be applied based on these parameters.

[0152] Furthermore, in the area of ​​the labeling device, 9 counter-holding elements can be provided which, when the labels are applied, act against an application force, in particular against the pressure force of a pressing unit.

[0153] The counter-support elements can be formed, for example, by means of conveyor rollers against which the wooden workpiece rests on the opposite side surface.

[0154] Furthermore, the inertia or weight of the wooden workpiece 3 may also be sufficient for attaching the labels, e.g. by means of static friction on the conveyor unit.

[0155] As shown, the labels can be supplied from a tape or a roll. Thus, the labeling device 9 can include an unwinding device 36 from which the labels 10 are supplied by means of a tape to be unwound, as shown by dashed lines.

[0156] However, the labeling device 9 shown in Fig. 2 only shows one possible embodiment of a labeling device 9 for applying the labels.

[0157] The labeling device may also include a stamp or the like, which stamps the labels onto the wooden workpieces, e.g., across the transport direction or perpendicular to the respective side surface.

[0158] As shown in Fig. 2, the labeling device 9 can, for example, supply the labels 10 from a tape, e.g., with a rewinding device 36 which unwinds the tape shown in dashed lines. The rewinding device 36 can preferably also be controlled by the control device.

[0159] Furthermore, the labeling device 9 can include an application unit 35 by means of which the labels 10 are applied from the tape to the wooden workpiece 3. As shown, the application unit 35 can include a pivot axis about which the application unit 35 can be pivoted towards the wooden workpiece in order to apply a label 10. Preferably, the return about the pivot axis can be automatic, e.g. via a return spring.

[0160] The application unit 35 can simultaneously form a pressure unit. Furthermore, a pressure unit can also be provided downstream in the transport direction.

[0161] As can also be seen, the band bearing the labels 10 can be guided around the application unit 35, so that a label 10 to be applied is always in waiting position, or can be provided by the unwinding device 36.

[0162] Furthermore, the labels can also be provided by a roller that travels in the direction of transport, on whose surface the labels are applied for further application as soon as a defect to be labeled passes through the roller.

[0163] As further shown in Fig. 2, the labeling device 9, regardless of the more detailed design with regard to the application of the labels, can comprise a labeling tool 9a, 9b for both the first side surface 11 and the second side surface 15, wherein the labeling tools 9a, 9b are essentially identical in construction and are only mirrored or arranged relative to each other.

[0164] Furthermore, it may be provided that the labeling tools include a common storage container from which the labels can be provided.

[0165] Furthermore, it may be provided that the labels themselves can have different sizes and that the labeling device is set up to select individual label sizes depending on the size of the detected defects (on the respective side surface).

[0166] Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the steps for repairing defects 2 in a wooden workpiece 3.

[0167] Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the wooden workpiece 3 along its longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the wooden workpiece 3 is depicted as a glulam beam, which consists of several joined boards.

[0168] The wooden workpiece 3 is fed to the detection device 6 as shown in Fig. 3 a) and the defects are detected along its longitudinal extent. This is preferably done using the conveying device described above.

[0169] The detection device 6 detects the defects 2 of the wooden workpiece 3, preferably this can be done over the entire circumference of the wooden workpiece 3, perpendicular to its longitudinal central axis.

[0170] Analogous to the described procedure for recording the wooden workpieces, the individual boards of the wooden workpiece can also be recorded before assembly, as mentioned at the beginning.

[0171] As also indicated by dashed lines, the detection device 6 can include a measuring device 19 which is designed to determine a volume of the cavity 20 of a respective detected defect 2.

[0172] Regarding the illustration in Fig. 3a), it should be added that the conveying device in the area of ​​the detection device 6 can preferably be designed such that it can convey the wooden workpieces 3 through the detection device 6 and enables all-round detection of the wooden workpieces in at least one area. For example, the conveying device can be interrupted in the area of ​​the detection device, or it can have a detection element in a conveying element or the like.

[0173] It should be noted that the detection device 6 itself, depending on its design, can be configured to determine a volume based on the detected defect 2. Furthermore, the measuring device 19 can provide a supporting function in this regard, for example, if the volume of the cavity 20 needs to be determined by a separate or additional testing procedure.

[0174] This can be provided, for example, if the detection device 6 includes an optical measuring system that detects the wooden workpiece 3 without contact and can only determine the volumes detectable from outside the wooden workpiece 3, for example by means of laser distance sensors or the like.

[0175] The detected defects 2 are then evaluated by the control device of the production plant or a processing unit of the control device. Preferably, they can be archived with respect to their respective position relative to the previously described reference point for further processing.

[0176] An evaluation determines whether at least one of the defects 2 extends from at least one of the side surfaces, encompassing the first side surface 11 and the opposite second side surface 15, to an adjacent flat side 13,14 of the wooden workpiece 3.

[0177] Each defect 2 that meets this criterion is selected or determined in the control system for the labeling device 9, so that the defect 2 is determined as a first defect 12 on the respective first side surface 11 or as a second defect 12 on the second side surface 15 (not shown in Fig. 3).

[0178] Such an evaluation can also be carried out if the individual boards have been detected by means of the detection device and the boards are joined to form the wooden workpiece, whereby the evaluation can be performed in a computing unit by combining the boards and their defects. According to Fig. 3 b), the detected first defect 12 on the first side surface 11 is closed by the labeling device 9 by means of the label 10 according to its reference position.

[0179] As indicated by the dashed lines, the labeling device 9 can include a pressure unit 26 by means of which additional pressure can be applied when attaching the label 10 towards the wooden workpiece 3. This can also be done immediately after the label has been applied to the wooden workpiece 3, e.g. with a pressure roller.

[0180] Furthermore, the label may also include an activatable adhesive, so that the labeling device 9 or the pressure unit 26 may have a heating device for activating the adhesive.

[0181] Regardless of the embodiment shown, the labeling device 9 can include a stamp by means of which a respective label 10 is pressed onto the wooden workpiece 3, in particular perpendicular to the wooden workpiece. The stamp can apply a respective label separately, so that the labels are picked up by the stamp from a magazine or supplied to the stamp from a magazine.

[0182] Alternatively, the stamp can also provide the labels from a previously described continuous band, which has several labels running lengthwise, and the respective label is stamped onto the band. Furthermore, it can be arranged that the adhesive side of each label faces the wooden workpiece and that the band is positioned between the stamp and the workpiece.

[0183] After this labeling step, the wooden workpiece 3 is fed to the filling device 7, in which the defects 2 on at least one flat side 13 of the wooden workpiece 3 are filled with filling material 8 using the filling device 7.

[0184] According to Fig. 3 c), an additional step can be provided when filling the defects 2, in which a filler body 22 is inserted into the defect 2 to be filled by means of an insertion arrangement 21, wherein the filler body 22 in the defect 2 can be refilled with the filler material 8 by means of the filling device 7 – as can be seen from the filled defect 2 with the filler body 22 surrounded by the filler material 8 in Fig. 3 d). Furthermore, Fig. 3 d) shows the filling of the defect 2, which was determined to be a first defect 12, since it extends from the first side surface 11 to an adjacent flat surface.

[0185] Starting from the first flat side 13 to which the first defect 12 extends, the first defect 12 is filled by means of the filling device 7, whereby the label 10 prevents the filling material 8 from escaping at the first side surface 11.

[0186] It should also be mentioned that preferably all defects located on the same first flat side 13 can be filled in one pass using the filling device 7, regardless of whether they extend from the flat side 13 to the first side surface 11 or to the second side surface, or merely penetrate into the body of the wooden workpiece 3.

[0187] Fig. 4 shows a wooden workpiece 3, the defects of which on the first flat side 13 have been filled.

[0188] As further shown, it can be provided that the defects 2 are slightly overfilled by means of the filling device 7, so that the filling material 8 can protrude beyond the flat side 13 at a distance 27.

[0189] The distance 27 to overfill can be uniformly provided for all defects, or it can depend on the volume to be filled, or on the amount of filling material 8 that has been added, so that, for example, the distance 27 can be smaller for small quantities and larger for larger quantities.

[0190] As can also be seen, the distance 27 can also be determined by means of the level sensor 18.

[0191] As further indicated, the wooden workpiece 3 may have further first defects 12, as indicated by the further first defect 12a, which is located further back in the plane of the image to be viewed in Fig. 4 along the longitudinal extent of the wooden workpiece 3 than the visible first defect 12 and has also already been provided with a label 10.

[0192] This example illustrates that each of the side surfaces can have multiple defects extending to an adjacent flat surface, so that the first side surface 11 can include multiple first defects and / or the second side surface 15 can include multiple second defects.

[0193] Multiple defects on a common surface can also extend to different adjacent flat surfaces, meaning they are labeled from the same surface but filled from different flat surfaces. Conversely, defects can also be filled from the same flat surface and labeled on different surfaces.

[0194] As indicated in Fig. 4, the further first defect 12a can, for example, extend from the first side surface 11 to the second flat side 14 (instead of to the first flat side 13), so that the further first defect 12a is only filled from the second flat side 14 in a subsequent filling process. This can preferably be done after the wooden workpiece has been turned over using a previously described turning device.

[0195] Furthermore, Fig. 4 also shows an additional possible bulge of the cavity 20 of the first defect 12, indicated by dashed lines. This bulge can occur, for example, when material such as a branch is removed, so that the volume of the cavity 20 may be larger than would be expected based on the removed material alone. The bulge can also extend in other directions within the wooden workpiece—for example, as a through-hole formed by the first defect 12 between the first side face and the adjacent flat surface. As mentioned at the outset, additional measurement methods may therefore be necessary to determine the volume of the cavity.

[0196] In Fig. 4, a further sensor 37 is indicated, which may be provided to check the behavior of the filling materials 8, e.g. whether the filling material sags at a later time, e.g. due to its viscosity, so that a cavity is created again in the defect.

[0197] The additional sensor 37 can therefore be checked at a later time, depending on the solidification behavior of the filling materials. Preferably, however, the additional sensor 37 can be arranged within the filling device 7, so that additional filling using the filling device 7 or its filling tools is possible.

[0198] In principle, the additional sensor 37 can be designed similarly to the level sensor. Furthermore, with regard to the defects shown (to be labeled) in Figs. 3 and 4, it should be mentioned that these extend within the wooden workpiece in the form of a through-hole from the side surface to the flat side, whereby the defects to be labeled can also extend over an edge of the wooden workpiece, e.g., in the form of a chip or the like (not shown). Thus, the label can also be partially exposed.

[0199] Furthermore, in Figures 3 and 4, the labels are shown with exaggerated thickness for ease of understanding. As mentioned at the outset, the thickness can preferably be 1 mm or less, for example 0.8 mm, and in particular 0.5 mm.

[0200] Fig. 5 shows another possible embodiment of the labeling device 9.

[0201] Regardless of the embodiment shown, Fig. 5 shows a possible reference point 38, which was determined, for example, on the board projecting furthest in the transport direction 5 at the first end face 32 and was determined as a reference with regard to the detection of the defects 2.

[0202] The labeling device 9 can include a roller for applying the labels to at least one of the side surfaces 11, 15, wherein the roller can simultaneously form the pressure unit 26.

[0203] As can also be seen, the rollers in the form of the pressure unit 26 can preferably be present on both sides, in particular as labeling tools.

[0204] Furthermore, the labeling device 9 includes a preparation unit 39, by means of which the labels 10 can be applied to the roller.

[0205] It may preferably be provided that the roller is continuously pressed against the wooden workpieces 3 and moves along the transport direction 5 according to a conveying speed v of the wooden workpiece 3.

[0206] Depending on the respective radius rl and r2 of the respective roller, a position of the respective rollers or a rotation angle relative to the current conveying position of the wooden workpiece 3 is known, so that at the same time a respective position on the roller for the labels to be attached relative to the positions of the defects on the wooden workpiece is known or can be calculated.

[0207] In addition, several preparation units 39 for applying the labels to a respective roller can be provided, as indicated by the further preparation unit 39a with dashed lines, so that several defects at smaller intervals from each other, - both in the transport direction and in the height direction, can be labelled at higher conveying speeds.

[0208] It can also be provided that the respective roller extends over the total height of the wooden workpieces 3 and that the labels 10 are attached to the different height positions of the defects on the roller.

[0209] Alternatively, as mentioned above, a roller can also be used only to press the label onto the wood, so that the labels are applied to the wooden workpiece beforehand using a stamp or the like.

[0210] Furthermore, a cleaning unit 40 can be positioned upstream of the rollers in their direction of rotation, so that the labels 10 are not damaged by contamination. The cleaning unit 40 can, for example, include a wiper.

[0211] Furthermore, the rollers can be heated if, for example, the labels contain an activatable adhesive.

[0212] Furthermore, regardless of the embodiment, Fig. 5 shows a monitoring unit 41, which can be used to check the labels 10. The monitoring unit 41 can check, firstly, whether the label actually covers the affected defect and / or whether it is actually in contact with the side surface of the wooden workpiece.

[0213] Fig. 6 shows a possible example of a labeling process in which a defect 2 extends over a width b of a label 10.

[0214] The extent of the defect may already have been detected in the detection device, whereby the control recognizes that the extent of the defect, e.g. along the transport direction 5, extends beyond the width b of a label 10. Thus, it may be provided that the labeling device applies at least two adjacent labels 10 across the defect 2 on the affected side surface along the extent of the defect 2.

[0215] As can be further seen, the labels 10 can overlap with their longitudinal edges in an overlap area 42. However, it is also possible for the labels 10 to be placed directly next to each other, so that they do not overlap but touch with their longitudinal edges (not shown).

[0216] A similar procedure may be used if a defect extends over a height h of the labels.

[0217] Figure 6 shows a potentially independent embodiment of labeling the wooden workpiece, using the same reference numerals and component designations for identical parts as in the preceding figures. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding figures.

[0218] Figure 7 shows a possible embodiment in which a respective wooden workpiece 3 is produced by joining several individual boards 43a to 43d. For the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that the number of boards in the illustrated embodiment comprises four boards, although the number can, in principle, vary.

[0219] The boards 43 are joined together in a joining device 44. This can be done automatically or semi-automatically.

[0220] Preferably, in one embodiment, the individual boards 43 are already detected with respect to their defects 2 by means of the detection device 6. By means of the detected defects 2 of the individual boards 43, the defects 2 of the wooden workpiece 3 in its assembled state are thus also known.

[0221] Furthermore, the detection of the boards 43 can also include the detection of their dimensions or geometry. Based on the detection of the individual boards 43, the control device 28 thus knows the positions of the defects 2 for further processing steps, e.g. labeling and filling.

[0222] Depending on the positions of the individual boards 43, the positions of the defects 2 can be varied due to the orientation of the boards, e.g., by rotating or changing the order of the boards 43 relative to each other, or by exchanging individual boards. Such changes can preferably be taken into account in the control device for further processing. For example, changes during joining can be visually monitored or entered manually.

[0223] The joining of the boards with their defects to form the wooden workpiece preferably takes place in a computing unit of the control device 28.

[0224] Furthermore, the individual boards can also be marked on a surface or end face, so that they can be identified again at a later time in the system using the marking, and thus their orientation can be clearly assigned or an additional control option is integrated.

[0225] It should be mentioned at this point that an additional inspection of the wooden workpiece 3 after the boards 43 have been joined may also be necessary. For example, further defects may be present after the boards have been joined, e.g., due to material breakage or the like.

[0226] An additional detection device may be provided, or the detection device may be divided in such a way as to be located before and after the joining device.

[0227] Furthermore, after joining, the detection device can also be used solely for alignment or referencing, so that, for example, a reference point of the wooden workpiece is detected and the other (already detected defects) of the boards can be automatically loaded, and thus the defects of the wooden workpiece are also detected by means of the detection of the reference point.

[0228] Furthermore, the wooden workpieces can also have an identifier, code, or similar marking applied to them, which is captured before labeling, allowing the wooden workpiece to be assigned to its corresponding data record in the control system. Thus, capturing the wooden workpiece can simultaneously include importing data, e.g., loading data records of the individually captured boards or the resulting wooden workpiece.

[0229] In this case, the detection and evaluation of the defects in the wooden workpieces 3 can be carried out in a different area and at a different time, so that in the area of ​​the labeling device the transport of the wooden workpieces can take place at a transport speed independent of the detection of the defects, e.g. in the case of a high number of defects to be detected.

[0230] The exemplary embodiments show possible embodiment variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiment variants, but rather various combinations of the individual embodiment variants are also possible and this possibility of variation lies within the skill of the person skilled in this technical field due to the teaching on technical action by the present invention.

[0231] Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be noted that, for better understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size. Reference symbol list

[0232] Production plant 32 First end face Defects 33 Second end face Wooden workpiece 34 Planing device Conveyor device 35 Application unit Transport direction 36 Unwinding device Detection device 37 Further sensors Filling device 38 Reference point Filling material 39 Preparation unit Labeling device 40 Cleaning unit Label 41 Monitoring unit First side surface 42 Overlap area First defect 43 Board

[0233] first flat side 44 joining device second flat side v speed second side surface rl radius

[0234] second defect r2 radius filling material magazines b width level sensor h height measuring device

[0235] cavity

[0236] Insertion arrangement

[0237] Filler

[0238] Turning device

[0239] first filling tool

[0240] second filling tool

[0241] pressure unit

[0242] Distance

[0243] Control device

[0244] vertical direction

[0245] Treatment device

[0246] Processing station

Claims

Patent claims 1. Manufacturing plant (1) for repairing defects (2) in wooden workpieces (3), comprising; - a conveying device (4) designed to convey the wooden workpieces (3) along a transport direction (5); - a detection device (6) designed to detect the defects (2) of the wooden workpieces (3); - a filling device (7) designed to fill the defects (2) using a filling material (8); characterized by; - a labeling device (9) designed to apply a label (10) to a first side surface (11) of one of the wooden workpieces (3) over at least one detected first defect (12), if the first defect (12) extends to a flat side (13, 14) of the wooden workpiece (3) adjacent to the first side surface (11), so that the first defect (12) on the first side surface (11) is closed by means of the label (10) and can be filled by means of the filling device (7) on that adjacent flat side (13, 14) to which the first defect (12) extends.

2. Manufacturing plant (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the labeling device (9) is designed to apply a further label (10) to a second side surface (15) opposite the first side surface (11) over at least one detected second defect (16), if the second defect (16) extends from the second side surface (15) to a flat side (13, 14) of the wooden workpiece (3) adjacent to the second side surface (15), such that the second defect (16) on the second side surface (15) is closed by means of the further label (10).

3. Manufacturing plant (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the filling device (7) comprises several interchangeable filling material magazines (17), wherein the different filling material magazines (17) differ with respect to their filling material (8) in at least one of the following properties: color, viscosity, and drying time.

4. Manufacturing plant (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling device (7) comprises a level sensor (18) which is configured to detect a level of the filling material (8) in the defect (2) to be filled.

5. Manufacturing plant (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the detection device (6) comprises a measuring device (19) which is configured to determine a respective volume (V) of a cavity (20) formed by means of a respective defect (2) in the wooden workpiece (3).

6. Manufacturing plant (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filling device (7) further comprises an insertion arrangement (21), wherein the insertion arrangement (21) is designed to insert a filling element (22) into the defect (2) to be filled, wherein the filling element (22) can be transferred with the filling material (8) in the defect (2) by means of the filling device (7).

7. Manufacturing plant (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a turning device (23) which is designed to turn the wooden workpiece (3) by 180° about its longitudinal axis from a first flat side (13) extending between the first side surface (11) and second side surface (15) to an opposite second flat side (14).

8. Manufacturing plant (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the filling device (7) comprises a first filling tool (24) and a second filling tool (25), wherein the first filling tool (24) is designed to fill the detected defects (2) on the first flat side (13) of the wooden workpiece (3) before turning the wooden workpiece (3) and the second filling tool (25) is designed to fill the detected defects (2) on the second flat side (14) of the wooden workpiece (3) after turning.

9. Manufacturing plant (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the labeling device (9) comprises a pressure unit (26) by means of which a respective label (10) can be pressed onto the wooden workpiece (3) when it is applied.

10. Manufacturing plant (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the labeling device (9) is height-adjustable in a plane perpendicular to the transport direction (5).

11. Manufacturing plant (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a joining device (44), wherein the joining device (44) is designed to join the wooden workpieces (3) together from several individual boards (43).

12. Manufacturing plant according to claim 11, characterized in that the detection device is configured to detect the respective defects (2) of the individual boards (43) before they are joined together to form the wooden workpiece (3).

13. Method for repairing defects (2) in a wooden workpiece (3) using a manufacturing plant (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps; - Detecting the defects (2) of the wooden workpiece (3) using the detection device (6); - Feeding the wooden workpiece (3) to the filling device (7); - Filling the defects (2) on at least one flat side of the wooden workpiece (3) with filling material (8) using the filling device (7); characterized by the steps; - Determine whether at least one of the detected defects (2) extends from at least one side surface (11, 15) to an adjacent flat surface (13, 14) of the wooden workpiece (3); - Apply a label (10) using the labeling device (9) to the at least one side surface (11, 15) over at least one detected defect (12, 16) that extends from this side surface (11, 15) to the adjacent flat surface (13, 14), - Filling the identified defect (12,16) using the filling device (7) from that adjacent flat side (13,14) of the wooden workpiece (3) into which the identified defect (12,16) extends.

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the defects (2) of the wooden workpiece (3) are first filled on a first flat side (13) by means of the filling device (7), wherein the wooden workpiece (3) is turned after the defects (2) of the first flat side (13) have been filled by means of the turning device (23) and after turning the defects (2) of the wooden workpiece (3) on a second flat side opposite the first flat side (13) are filled by means of the filling device (7).

15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the wooden workpiece (3) is simultaneously labelled on its first side surface (11) at the first defects (12) and on its opposite second side surface (15) at the second defects (16) by means of the labelling device (9).

16. Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the wooden workpiece (3) is conveyed along the transport direction (5) by the detection device (6), wherein the detection device (6) continuously detects the defects of the wooden workpiece (3) on the side surfaces (11,15) and the flat sides (13,14) during conveying along the transport direction (5).

17. Method according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the wooden workpiece (3) is conveyed along the transport direction (5) immediately after the detection device (6) by the labeling device (9), so that the wooden workpiece (3) can already be labelled by means of the labeling device (9), while the wooden workpiece (3) is still partially detected by means of the detection device (6) with regard to the defects (2).

18. Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the wooden workpiece (3) is assembled from individual boards (43), wherein the individual boards (43) are identified with respect to their defects (2) before being assembled into the wooden workpiece (3) and are then joined together to form the wooden workpiece (3).

19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the detected defects of the individual boards are combined in a computing unit according to an arrangement of the individual boards in the wooden workpiece, so that the defects of the wooden workpiece (3) are formed by means of the defects of the boards (43).

20. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the defects (2) of the wooden workpieces (3) are filled by means of the filling device (7) during transport of the wooden workpieces (3) along the transport direction (5), such that at least one filling tool of the filling device (7) follows the defects (2) of the wooden workpiece during filling in the transport direction (5).

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