Communication method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a communication method and device. The method comprises: scrambling a reference signal sequence on the basis of a scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal; and transmitting the sensing signal.

Description

Communication methods and devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, 3GPP technology has initiated research on converged sensing communication services. This sensing service, which combines sensing and perception, allows one communication device to send a sensing signal, while another device measures the echo signal of that signal. This enables the processing of the target (the sensing target) to obtain sensing data or results. However, in this sensing scenario, ensuring the security of the signals used for sensing, and thus the security and privacy of the sensing data or results, becomes a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a communication method and device.

[0004] This application provides a communication method executed by a first device, comprising:

[0005] A sensing signal is generated by scrambling a reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence.

[0006] Send the sensing signal.

[0007] This application provides a communication method executed by a second device, comprising:

[0008] The echo signal of the sensing signal is received, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device by scrambling a reference signal sequence based on a scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal;

[0009] Based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal, sensing measurement data is obtained.

[0010] This application provides a first device, including:

[0011] The first processing unit is used to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal;

[0012] The first communication unit is used to transmit the sensing signal.

[0013] This application provides a second device, including:

[0014] The second communication unit is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device by scrambling a reference signal sequence based on a scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal.

[0015] The second processing unit is used to obtain sensing measurement data based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal.

[0016] This application provides a first device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor invokes and runs the computer program stored in the memory to cause the first device to perform the described method.

[0017] This application provides a second device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor invokes and runs the computer program stored in the memory to cause the second device to perform the described method.

[0018] This application provides a chip for implementing the above method.

[0019] Specifically, the chip includes a processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the methods described above.

[0020] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the above-described method.

[0021] This application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the above-described method.

[0022] This application provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the above-described method.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, the first device scrambles the reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence to obtain and transmit the sensing signal. Therefore, by scrambling the reference signal sequence, not only is the anti-interference capability of the sensing signal increased, but the difficulty and complexity for attackers to crack or demodulate the sensing signal are also increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing data.

[0024] Furthermore, a scrambled reference signal sequence is obtained by performing bit-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence in the first device. A sensing signal is then generated and emitted based on the scrambled reference signal sequence. This scrambling of the reference signal sequence increases the difficulty and complexity for attackers to crack it, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing data.

[0025] Furthermore, on the second device side, a scrambling sequence can be used to perform bit-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence. Then, the echo signal of the received sensing signal can be demodulated based on the scrambled reference signal sequence, which can ensure that the second device can accurately measure and obtain sensing measurement data. Moreover, since only legitimate second devices can generate scrambling sequences, and illegal or unauthorized devices cannot generate scrambling sequences, illegal or unauthorized devices can only obtain incorrect measurement data or measurement results, which can ensure the security and privacy of sensing measurement data.

[0026] Furthermore, the first device uses scrambling symbols obtained by modulating the scrambling sequence and reference symbols obtained by modulating the reference signal sequence to perform symbol-level scrambling processing to obtain a sensing signal and then transmits it. This symbol-level scrambling of the reference signal sequence increases the difficulty for an attacker to demodulate the sensing signal, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing data.

[0027] Furthermore, on the second device side, a scrambling sequence can be used to perform symbol-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence to obtain demodulated symbols. Then, based on the demodulated symbols, the echo signal of the received sensing signal is processed to obtain sensing measurement data, which can ensure the accuracy of the sensing measurement data obtained by the second device. Moreover, since only legitimate second devices can generate scrambling sequences, and illegal or unauthorized devices cannot generate scrambling sequences, illegal or unauthorized devices can only obtain incorrect measurement data or measurement results, which can ensure the security and privacy of the sensing measurement data.

[0028] Furthermore, the second device is not allowed to know the generation parameters of the scrambling sequence, so it cannot obtain the scrambling sequence. The second device only acts as a measurement tool. The second device demodulates the echo signal of the received sensing signal using a reference signal sequence. The second device can then send the measured data to the first device or core network element that possesses the scrambling sequence. The first device or core network element then obtains the actual sensing measurement result. In this case, only the first device (or core network element or client UE) can obtain the actual sensing measurement data or result. In this way, while ensuring that the final sensing measurement result is accurate, it also avoids the scrambling sequence being obtained by a large number of devices, thus ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal and sensing measurement result. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figures 3 to 6 are various schematic flowcharts of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as NR, NR evolution, 6G, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems.

[0036] This application describes various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminals. The terminal can be mobile or fixed, and may also be referred to as a mobile station, user unit, etc. The terminal can be a station in a WLAN, or a smart terminal, wireless modem, laptop, tablet, etc. In this application's embodiments, the terminal can be a VR / AR terminal, industrial control terminal, autonomous driving terminal, telemedicine terminal, smart grid terminal, transportation safety terminal, smart city terminal, or smart home wireless terminal, etc. By way of example and not limitation, in this application's embodiments, the terminal can also be a wearable device.

[0037] In this embodiment, the network device can be a device for communicating with a terminal. The network device can be an access point in a WLAN, an evolved NR base station or a 6G base station, a relay station, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device (gNB) in an NR network, a network device in a future PLMN network, or a network device in a non-terrestrial network, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in this embodiment, the network device can have mobility characteristics; for example, the network device can be a mobile device.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of this application are described below. The following relevant technologies are optional solutions and can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application in any way, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes network devices 110 and terminals 120. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and the coverage area of ​​each network device 110 may include multiple terminals 120; this embodiment does not limit this. In another possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as mobility management entities and access and mobility management functions; this embodiment does not limit this. The network devices may further include access network devices and core network devices. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network devices. The access network devices may be NR systems or 6G base stations. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication devices may include network devices and terminals with communication functions. The communication devices may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of this application. In Figure 2, the communication method is described from the perspective of the interaction between a first device and a second device, where the sending / receiving of the first device corresponds to the receiving / sending of the second device. As shown in Figure 2, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0041] S210 to S220 are executed on the first device side, specifically:

[0042] S210. Scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal;

[0043] S220, Send the sensing signal.

[0044] S230 to S240 are executed on the second device side, specifically:

[0045] S230. Receive the echo signal of the sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device scrambling a reference signal sequence based on a scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal.

[0046] S240. Based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal, obtain sensing measurement data.

[0047] The first device can be a terminal and the second device can be a network device; or, the first device can be a network device and the second device can be a terminal. Preferably, the network device can be an access network device, which may include at least one of the following: a base station, a gNB, an eNB, network devices in a future PLMN network, network devices in an NTN network, a satellite, etc.

[0048] The first device is a transmitting device (or transmitting end) for sensing signals, and the second device is a receiving device (or receiving end) for the echo signal of the sensing signals.

[0049] The sensing signal can also be called the sensing reference signal.

[0050] The echo signal of the sensing signal can refer to the signal reflected from the sensing target. The echo signal can also be called the reflected signal, or simply the echo signal, or simply the reflected signal. This document does not limit or exhaustively list all possible names for the echo signal. The sensing target can also be replaced with target object, target, etc., which will not be explained again below.

[0051] For example, when the first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device, the sensing signal can be an uplink sensing signal.

[0052] For example, when the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal, the sensing signal can be a downlink sensing signal.

[0053] In some possible implementations, on the first device side, scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal includes: scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence; and generating the sensing signal based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0054] On the second device side, based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal, sensing measurement data is obtained, including: scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols; and obtaining sensing measurement data based on the demodulated symbols and the echo signal.

[0055] The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols includes: scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence; and generating the demodulated symbols based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0056] Specifically, on the first device and the second device side, the step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence includes: performing an XOR calculation based on the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0057] Referring to Figure 3, the communication method provided in this embodiment will be described as follows:

[0058] S311 to S314 are executed on the first device side, as follows:

[0059] S311 generates a reference signal sequence and a scrambling sequence.

[0060] S312, perform an XOR operation on the scrambled sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0061] S313, Based on the scrambled reference signal sequence, generate the sensing signal.

[0062] S314, send the sensing signal.

[0063] S321 to S325 are executed on the second device side, as follows:

[0064] S321 generates a reference signal sequence and a scrambling sequence.

[0065] The order in which the reference signal sequence and the scrambling sequence are generated in S311 and S321 above can be arbitrary. The reference signal sequence can be generated first and then the scrambling sequence can be generated, or the scrambling sequence can be generated first and then the reference signal sequence can be generated.

[0066] S322, perform an XOR operation on the scrambled sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0067] S323, Based on the scrambled reference signal sequence, generate demodulation symbols.

[0068] S324 receives the echo signal of the sensed signal.

[0069] S325 obtains sensing measurement data based on demodulated symbols and echo signals.

[0070] Specifically, the execution order of S324 can be after S321 to S323 are completed, or it can be before S323, S322, or S321. For example, the second device can execute S324 first, and then execute S321 to S323 and S325 sequentially; or, the second device can execute S321 first, then S324, and then execute S322 to S323 and S325 sequentially; or, the second device can execute S321 to S322 first, then S324, and then S323 and S325. This is only an illustrative example, and this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively describe the execution order of S324.

[0071] The first device performing the processing in S311 may include: generating a scrambling sequence based on the initial value of the scrambling sequence; and calculating a reference signal sequence based on the initial value of the reference signal sequence.

[0072] In this embodiment, the length of the reference signal sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits. The length of the scrambling sequence can also be greater than or equal to 31 bits.

[0073] For example, the length of the scrambling sequence can be equal to the length of the reference signal sequence. For instance, both the length of the scrambling sequence and the length of the reference signal sequence can be represented as N bits, where N can be an integer greater than or equal to 31. Preferably, N can be 31, 63, or 127.

[0074] For example, the length of the scrambling sequence can be greater than the length of the reference signal sequence. For instance, the length of the scrambling sequence is N and the length of the reference signal sequence is N', where N can be an integer greater than or equal to 31, and N' may be greater than N.

[0075] The length of the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be less than, greater than, or equal to the length of the scrambling sequence. The length of the initial value of the reference signal sequence can be less than, greater than, or equal to the length of the reference signal sequence.

[0076] For example, the length of the scrambling sequence can be equal to 31 bits; the length of the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be less than 31 bits, equal to 31 bits, or greater than 31 bits. The length of the reference signal sequence can be equal to 31 bits; the length of the initial value of the reference signal sequence can be less than 31 bits, equal to 31 bits, or greater than 31 bits.

[0077] For example, the length of the scrambling sequence can be 63 bits; the length of the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be less than 63 bits, equal to 63 bits, or greater than 63 bits. The length of the reference signal sequence can be 63 bits; the length of the initial value of the reference signal sequence can be less than 63 bits, equal to 63 bits, or greater than 63 bits.

[0078] For example, the length of the scrambling sequence can be equal to 127 bits; the length of the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be less than 127 bits, equal to 127 bits, or greater than 127 bits. The length of the reference signal sequence can be equal to 127 bits; the length of the initial value of the reference signal sequence can be less than 127 bits, equal to 127 bits, or greater than 127 bits.

[0079] In some embodiments, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a first shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

[0080] The first shared parameter includes one of the following: a first shared key, or a first high-level parameter identifier.

[0081] The first shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

[0082] Access layer keys may include at least one of the following: K gNB User plane key, control plane key, and MAC (Media Access Control) layer key. Specifically, K gNB This can be the initial K specified in the relevant protocol. gNB It can also be K as stipulated in the relevant agreement. NG-RAN Here, K NG-RAN It can also be represented by K as an alternative. NG-RAN *etc. The user plane key may include at least one of the following: UP (User Plane) integrity protection (or verification) key K UPint UP confidentiality key K UPenc The control plane key may include at least one of the following: a control plane integrity protection (or verification) key K. RRCint Control plane confidentiality key K RRCenc The MAC layer key may include at least one of the following: MAC layer integrity protection (or verification) key K. MACint MAC layer confidentiality key K MACenc This embodiment does not limit the methods for deriving the keys of each access layer.

[0083] The physical layer key can be generated based on the characteristics of the physical layer channel between the first device and the second device. This embodiment does not limit the specific method of generating the physical layer key; for example, the physical layer key can be represented as K. PHY .

[0084] The group key can be generated in the physical layer wireless channel or it can be a group key from a core network element. This embodiment does not limit the generation method of the group key.

[0085] Optionally, if the first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device, the group key is shared by each device in the group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0086] Optionally, if the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal, the group key is shared by each device in the group to which the second device belongs and the first device.

[0087] The perception key can be a key specifically used for perception.

[0088] Optionally, the perception key may be shared only by the first device and the second device.

[0089] Optionally, the sensing key can be a group key used for sensing. For example, if the first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device, the group key used for sensing is shared by all devices in the group to which the first device belongs and by the second device. Alternatively, if the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal, the group key used for sensing is shared by all devices in the group to which the second device belongs and by the first device.

[0090] Optionally, the sensing key may correspond to a specific sensing area, such as the key corresponding to the first sensing area. For example, multiple devices may be located within the first sensing area, sharing the same sensing key. These multiple devices may include the first device and the second device.

[0091] Optionally, the sensing key may correspond to a specific sensing service, such as a key corresponding to the sensing service. For example, multiple devices may participate in the first sensing service, and these multiple devices may share the same sensing key. These multiple devices may include the first device and the second device.

[0092] In one example, the first shared key is the first key.

[0093] In one scenario, the way the first device and the second device determine the first key as the first shared key can be by mutual agreement or as specified in the protocol.

[0094] In one scenario, the first key, which serves as the first shared key, can be determined by either the first device or the second device.

[0095] For example, in a scenario where the first device determines the first key as the first shared key, the first device may send at least some parameters for generating the scrambled sequence to the second device, which may include the identifier of the first key as the first shared key. In a scenario where the second device determines the first key as the first shared key, the second device may send at least some parameters for generating the scrambled sequence to the first device, which may include the identifier of the first key as the first shared key.

[0096] In another example, the first shared key is a second key calculated based on the first key. This second key is calculated or derived by the first device and the second device, respectively.

[0097] It should be noted that the timing of the first and second devices calculating the second key is within the scope of protection of this embodiment as long as it occurs before the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated, and there is no limitation on it here.

[0098] The first device and the second device need to determine that they will use the same first key to calculate the second key. The method by which the first and second devices determine the first key is similar to that in the previous example. Specifically: in one scenario, the method by which the first and second devices determine the first key can be either a mutual default or a method defined by an agreement; in another scenario, the first key can be determined by either the first device or the second device. For example, in the scenario where the first device determines the first key, the first device's processing may further include: the first device sending an identifier of the first key to the second device; the second device's processing may further include: receiving the identifier of the first key from the first device. In the scenario where the second device determines the first key, the processing between the second device and the first device is similar to the above example, except that the second device sends an identifier of the first key to the first device, which will not be repeated here.

[0099] The first device and the second device use the same key calculation method and the same key calculation parameters to calculate the second key, and the final second key obtained is theoretically the same. Therefore, the relevant descriptions of calculating the second key based on the first key mentioned below can be applied to both the first device and the second device. The following text will not distinguish between the processing performed by different devices.

[0100] Optionally, the second key can be calculated from the first key based on the first algorithm. The first algorithm can be a default algorithm or one specified by the protocol. For example, the first algorithm can include at least one of the following: a key derivation function (KDF), a first authentication function, a second authentication function, a third key generation function (e.g., f3), a fourth key generation function (e.g., f4), a fifth key generation function (e.g., f5), a hash algorithm, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), SNOW 3G (Snow Third Generation), ZUC (ZUChongzhi), XOR computation, and direct connection computation. The hash algorithm can include HMAC-SHA-256 (Hash based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm-256, which can be represented as SHA-256), or other hash algorithms or hash functions can be used; this embodiment does not exhaustively list them.

[0101] Optionally, the second key may be calculated based on the first key and at least one of the following parameters using the first algorithm: the identifier of the first device, the identifier of the second device, a random number, etc.

[0102] The random number can be generated by a first device and sent to a second device. Alternatively, the random number can be generated by a second device and sent to the first device. It should be understood that this is merely an illustrative example; in actual processing, as long as the first device and the second device can obtain the same random number, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0103] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of the parameters used to calculate the second key. In actual processing, other parameters may be added, such as indicators and / or identifiers and / or types of the sensing service, etc. Not all parameters that may be used to calculate the second key are exhaustively listed here.

[0104] It should also be noted that the first shared key may be updated. For example, the first shared key may be the first key. In this case, the first key or the higher-level key used to derive the first key may be reconfigured through the sensing network element / sensing key management center, or reconfigured by RRC, or updated through MAC CE (Control Element). The specific update method is not limited here. For another example, the first shared key may be the second key. In this case, if the first key is updated, the corresponding second key will also be updated.

[0105] The first high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) sequence identifier, and sensing identifier.

[0106] The scrambling ID can be represented as n. ID The number of scrambling sequence identifiers can be one or more, for example, it can include scrambling sequence identifier 0. Scrambling sequence identifier 1 The value range of each scrambling sequence identifier can be configured according to actual conditions. For example, the value range of the scrambling sequence identifier can be between 0 and 65535, meaning the length of the scrambling sequence identifier can be 16 bits; or, the value range of the scrambling sequence identifier can be greater than 65535, and correspondingly, the length of the scrambling sequence identifier may be greater than 16 bits. This document does not limit or exhaustively list the value range or length of the scrambling sequence identifier.

[0107] PRS sequence identifiers can be represented as follows:

[0108] The sensing identifier can also be alternatively called: sensing signal sequence identifier (seq, sequence identifier), or sensing sequence identifier, etc., and this sensing identifier can be represented as...

[0109] It should be noted that there may be one or more scrambling sequence identifiers, one or more sensing identifiers, and one or more high-level parameter identifiers. High-level parameter identifiers can also be represented as high-level parameter IDs, which will not be explained again below.

[0110] The first configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, relevant identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of first device, and identifier of second device.

[0111] The sensing area identifier can be represented as: The perception service identifier can be represented as

[0112] When the sensing target is an active device, the relevant identifier of the sensing target can be the identifier of the sensing target, such as the device identifier (ID) of the sensing target.

[0113] When the sensing target is a passive device, the relevant identifier of the sensing target can be a tag identifier related to the sensing target. This tag can be an Ambient Power-enabled IoT (AIoT) device, or simply an AIoT tag. The AIoT tag or device can be set on the sensing target, and there are no restrictions on this.

[0114] The cell identifier can be the identifier of the physical cell where the first device is located, or the identifier of the physical cell where the second device is located. The identifier of this physical cell can be represented as...

[0115] When the first device is a terminal, the terminal's identifier can be any one of the following: SUCI (Subscription Concealed Identifier), GUTI (Globally Unique Temporary Identifier), SUPI (Subscription Permanent Identifier), RNTI (Radio Network Temporary Identifier), etc. For example, taking RNTI as the terminal's identifier, it can be represented as n... RNTIAlternatively, it can be directly represented as RNTI. If the first device is a network device, the network device identifier can refer to the network device's index or instance ID, etc.

[0116] The description of the identification of the second device is similar to that of the identification of the first device, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, this article does not limit or exhaust all possible identification types for the identification of the first device and the identification of the second device.

[0117] The first time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols in each time slot, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) symbol index, cyclic prefix (CP) type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

[0118] The time slot number can be represented as: The number of symbols in each time slot can be represented as: OFDM symbols can refer to OFDM symbols l that are mapped into a slot (time slot) of a reference signal sequence (or simply sequence).

[0119] In one embodiment, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of a first shared parameter. In this embodiment, the first shared parameter may be a first key, a second key, or a first higher-level parameter identifier.

[0120] Specifically, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be generated in the following ways: generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter; or generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on all the bits of the first shared parameter.

[0121] The initial value of the scrambling sequence generated based on a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter may include: extracting a portion of the bits from all the bits of the first shared parameter as the first shared sequence, and generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first shared sequence.

[0122] The process of generating an initial value for a scrambling sequence based on all bits of the first shared parameter may include: calculating a first shared sequence based on all bits of the first shared parameter, and generating an initial value for a scrambling sequence based on the first shared sequence.

[0123] The length of the first shared sequence can be equal to Y bits, where Y can be a positive integer configured according to the actual situation, and Y can be less than, greater than or equal to the length of the initial value of the scrambling sequence.

[0124] In one example, a subset of bits is extracted from all bits of the first shared parameter to form the first shared sequence.

[0125] Here, the number of bits extracted from all bits of the first shared parameter can be equal to Y or greater than Y. For the sake of simplicity, the following explanation will use the example of the number of bits extracted being equal to Y.

[0126] The extraction of a portion of bits from all bits of the first shared parameter as the first shared sequence can refer to: extracting a portion of bits from all bits of the first shared parameter as the first shared sequence based on a preset rule. This preset rule can refer to a pre-defined rule for extracting a portion of bits from the first shared parameter. This preset rule can be pre-configured by both the first and second devices. This embodiment does not limit the method by which the first and second devices pre-configure this preset rule.

[0127] The preset rules may include at least one of the following: the start bit of the extraction of the first shared parameter; the end bit of the extraction of the first shared parameter; the number of bits extracted from the first shared parameter; and the description information of the extraction method of the first shared parameter.

[0128] Optionally, the preset rules may include the start position and end position of the extraction of the first shared parameter. The start position of the extraction of the first shared parameter may be indicated by the position information of the start position of the extraction of the first shared parameter. The end position of the extraction of the first shared parameter may be indicated by the position information of the end position of the extraction of the first shared parameter. The position information may be represented by any one of the following: numbering, sorting, or sequence number.

[0129] Optionally, the preset rules may include the start bit of the first shared parameter extraction and the number of bits to be extracted from the first shared parameter. Alternatively, the preset rules may include the end bit of the first shared parameter extraction and the number of bits to be extracted from the first shared parameter.

[0130] The number of bits extracted from the first shared parameter refers to the total number of bits extracted from the first shared parameter. This number of bits extracted from the first shared parameter can also be replaced by the extraction length of the first shared parameter, which can be equal to Y.

[0131] Optionally, the preset rules may include a description of the extraction method for the first shared parameter.

[0132] The description of the extraction method for the first shared parameter may include at least one of the following: extracting odd-numbered bits, extracting even-numbered bits, extracting partial bits from multiple specified positions, or the number of bits to be extracted. For example, the description of the extraction method for the first shared parameter may include extracting odd-numbered bits and the number of bits to be extracted. Extraction can begin from the lowest odd-numbered bit in the first shared parameter, and then proceed sequentially from low to high order, extracting each odd-numbered bit until the required number of bits is reached. All extracted bits are then used as the first shared sequence.

[0133] It should be understood that the above is only an exemplary description of extracting a portion of bits from the shared key as a shared sequence. In actual processing, other methods can also be used to extract a portion of bits from the shared key, which are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0134] In one embodiment, the calculation of the first shared sequence based on all bits of the first shared parameter includes one of the following: directly using all bits of the first shared parameter as the first shared sequence; performing modulo calculation on all bits of the first shared parameter to obtain the first shared sequence; or calculating the first shared sequence using all bits of the first shared parameter and at least one of the following: a first configuration parameter and a first time-domain parameter.

[0135] Using all bits of the first shared parameter directly as the first shared sequence can refer to... Assume K is but

[0136] The first shared sequence is obtained by performing a modulo operation on all bits of the first shared parameter. This can include performing a modulo operation on all bits of the first shared parameter raised to the power of Y. For example, taking Y = 31 as an example, the calculated first shared sequence can be represented as: in, Let K represent the first shared sequence, K represent all bits of the first shared parameter, and mod represent the modulo operation. For example, taking Y = 63 as an example, the calculated first shared sequence can be represented as: For example, taking Y = 127 as an example, the first shared sequence can be represented as:

[0137] The first shared sequence is obtained by calculating all bits of the first shared parameter and at least one of the following: In the processing of the first configuration parameter and the first time-domain parameter, a second algorithm can be used. This second algorithm can be configured according to the actual situation; for example, the second algorithm can be any one of a hash function, a key calculation function, etc. The key calculation function can be configured according to the actual situation; for example, it can be AES (Advanced Encryption Standard, a symmetric encryption algorithm), etc., without limitation or exhaustive enumeration.

[0138] Taking the calculation of the first shared sequence using a hash function as an example, it can be represented as follows: Where K represents all bits of the first shared parameter, T represents the first time-domain parameter, and P represents the first configuration parameter. It should be noted that T can refer to any one or more of the first time-domain parameters, without limitation here; P can refer to any one or more of the first configuration parameters, also without limitation, and will not be explained again below.

[0139] Taking the computation of the first shared sequence using AES as an example, it can be represented as follows:

[0140] For example, a first shared sequence is calculated by using all bits of the first shared parameter and the first configuration parameter, wherein the first configuration parameter specifically includes RNTI, The first shared sequence can then be represented as: Where f can be a hash function or an AES calculation function.

[0141] In one embodiment, generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first shared sequence may include: multiplying the value of each bit in the first shared sequence by the weight value corresponding to each bit and then summing the results to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence.

[0142] The initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: in, This represents the initial value of the scrambling sequence. This represents the value of the i-th bit in the first shared sequence, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to Y-1. i This can represent the weighting value corresponding to the i-th bit. For example, if Y equals 31, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: For example, if Y equals 63, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: For example, if Y equals 127, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0143] In some examples, the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence are generated based on a first shared parameter. Specifically, this first shared parameter can be an identifier for a first higher-level parameter.

[0144] Optionally, generating initial values ​​for the scrambled sequence based on the first shared parameter includes: calculating initial values ​​for the scrambled sequence based on a first factor and a first high-level parameter identifier, wherein the first factor is generated based on the first high-level parameter identifier.

[0145] The first factor is equal to the first high-level parameter identifier multiplied by 2, then added by one. That is, the first factor equals... in, This is used to identify the higher-layer parameters. Here, H represents higher-layer parameters.

[0146] The first factor equals the high-level parameter identifier multiplied by 2, then added by one. That is, the first factor equals... in, Here, H represents higher-layer parameters. Taking the first higher-layer parameter identifier as a sensing identifier as an example, the first factor can be calculated by multiplying the reference signal sequence identifier by 2 and then adding one. For example, the calculation of the first factor can be expressed as:

[0147] The specific processing method for calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first factor and the first high-level parameter identifier can be configured according to the actual situation.

[0148] For example, calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first factor and the first high-level parameter identifier can include: multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier, then performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence; or, using the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier as the initial value of the scrambling sequence. Whether or not to perform a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, the modulo operation of 2 to the power of N can be performed if the binary length of the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier is greater than or equal to N; or the modulo operation of 2 to the power of N can be performed regardless of whether the binary length of the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier is greater than or equal to N to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence.

[0149] The value of X can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, X can be equal to Y, or X can be any positive integer greater than or less than Y. There are no restrictions here.

[0150] Taking the first high-level parameter identifier as the perception identifier as an example, the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier can be expressed as:

[0151] Taking N = 31 and the first high-level parameter identifier as a perception identifier as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence obtained by multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first high-level parameter identifier, and then performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N, can be expressed as:

[0152] When N equals 31, X can equal Y, and X and Y can be any one of 10, 12, or 16. Preferably, X and Y can be equal to 16.

[0153] For example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated based on the first factor and the first high-level parameter identifier. This can be done by: multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and the first high-level parameter identifier by 2, and then performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence; or by adding the first factor multiplied by 2 to the power of X and the first high-level parameter identifier by 2 as the initial value of the scrambling sequence. Here, whether to perform a modulo operation of 2 to the power of X for the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 and the result of adding the first high-level parameter identifier by 2 to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, the modulo operation of 2 to the power of N can be performed to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence if the binary length of the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and the result of adding the first high-level parameter identifier by 2 is greater than or equal to N. Alternatively, the modulo operation of 2 to the power of N can be performed regardless of whether the binary length of the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and the result of adding the first high-level parameter identifier by 2 is greater than or equal to N to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence.

[0154] The value of X can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, X can be equal to Y+1. This is just an example. In actual processing, X can be any positive integer greater than or less than Y+1. There is no limitation here.

[0155] Taking the perception identifier as an example again, the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and adding the first high-level parameter identifier by 2 can be expressed as:

[0156] Taking N=31 and the perception identifier as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be obtained by performing a modulo operation of 2^N on the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and the first high-level parameter identifier by 2, as follows:

[0157] It should be understood that the above explanation mainly uses the perception identifier as an example. In actual processing, the examples implemented by the perception identifier can also be replaced by multiple first high-level parameter identifiers, such as scrambling sequence identifiers, and / or PRS sequence identifiers, and / or perception identifiers together. For example, N equals 31, and multiple first high-level parameter identifiers are used as scrambling sequence identifiers. Taking the perception identifier as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is obtained by performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N on the result of multiplying the first factor by 2 to the power of X and the scrambling sequence identifier by 2. This can be achieved by multiplying the first factor by the perception identifier and then by 2 to the power of X, and the scrambling sequence identifier by 2, and then performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N on the result. Here, the first factor is equal to the scrambling identifier multiplied by 2 plus one. The initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0158] Optionally, generating initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence based on the first shared parameters includes: calculating initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence from multiple first high-level parameter identifiers.

[0159] Taking multiple first high-level parameter identifiers, including the first sensing identifier and the second sensing identifier, as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: in, Used to simply represent the first perception identifier. This is used to simply represent the first perception identifier, with a length of Y1 and a second perception identifier with a length of Y2. Y1 and Y2 can be greater than or equal to 10, and X can be greater than, equal to, or less than Y2. For example, Y1 and Y2 can both be 16, or Y2 can be 16 and Y1 can be greater than or equal to 16. Not all possible values ​​of Y1 and Y2 are exhaustively listed here.

[0160] In the process of calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence using multiple first high-level parameter identifiers, PRS sequence identifiers and multiple sensing identifiers can also be used for calculation. For example, taking multiple first high-level parameter identifiers including first sensing identifier, second sensing identifier, and PRS sequence identifier as an example, the calculated initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: in, Used to simply represent the first perception identifier. This is used to simply represent the first perception identifier, the length of the first perception identifier is Y1, the length of the second perception identifier is Y2, and the length of the PRS sequence identifier is Y3. Y1, Y2, and Y3 can be greater than or equal to 10, X can be greater than or equal to or less than Y2, Z can be equal to 0, or Z can be other positive integers. Here, we do not exhaustively list all possible values ​​of Y1, Y2, Y3, X, and Z.

[0161] It should be noted that the above is only an illustrative example. In actual processing, the methods for calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence by using one or more first high-level parameters may include, but are not limited to, the above methods. Not all possible cases are limited or exhaustively listed here.

[0162] In the above embodiments, the values ​​of all bits of the initial value of the scrambling sequence are generated based on the first shared parameter between the first device and the second device. Since the first shared parameter and the method of calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first shared parameter are not available to the attacker, the difficulty of cracking the sensing signal obtained after scrambling the reference signal sequence with the scrambling sequence is increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal.

[0163] In one embodiment, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on a first shared parameter and a first time-domain parameter.

[0164] The generation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence specifically includes: multiplying a first factor and a second factor to obtain a first value, wherein the first factor is generated based on a first shared parameter and the second factor is generated based on a first time-domain parameter; and generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first value.

[0165] Taking the calculation of the second factor based on the number of symbols, slot number, and OFDM symbol index of each slot in the first time domain parameters as an example, the calculation of the second factor can be expressed as: in, This represents the number of symbols in each time slot. The 'l' indicates the slot number, and 'l' indicates the OFDM symbol (index).

[0166] The first factor can be generated based on the first shared parameter. For example, the first factor can be generated based on the first shared sequence. The calculation method of the first shared sequence is the same as in the previous embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0167] Optionally, the first factor can be equal to the first shared sequence multiplied by 2 plus one. For example, the first factor can be expressed as: In this case, multiplying the first factor and the second factor to obtain the first value can be expressed as:

[0168] This is merely an illustrative example. In actual processing, the first factor may also be equal to the first shared sequence. Accordingly, multiplying the first factor and the second factor to obtain the first value can be expressed as:

[0169] Optionally, the first factor can be equal to the first shared sequence modulo 2 raised to the power of Q, multiplied by 2, and then added by one, where Q can be a positive integer less than or equal to Y. For example, the calculation of the first factor can be expressed as: In this case, multiplying the first factor and the second factor to obtain the first value can be expressed as:

[0170] This is merely an illustrative example. In actual processing, the first factor may also be equal to the Q-th power of the shared sequence modulo 2. Accordingly, multiplying the first factor and the second factor to obtain the first value can be expressed as:

[0171] In this embodiment, the first value can be a binary value, meaning it may be represented as a binary sequence; alternatively, it may be a decimal value. This embodiment does not limit this. The following explanation uses a binary sequence as the first value as an example, without repeating the explanation.

[0172] The method for generating an initial value for a scrambling sequence based on the first value includes: calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first value and a first shared parameter.

[0173] Optionally, calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first value and the first shared parameter may include: multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X and adding it to the first shared sequence to obtain a second value, and calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter. The specific calculation method of the first shared sequence is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated.

[0174] Calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value can include one of the following: performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N on the second value to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence; or using the second value as the initial value of the scrambling sequence. Specifically, the process of performing a modulo operation of 2 to the power of N on the second value to obtain the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be performed regardless of whether the second value is greater than or equal to N; alternatively, if the binary length of the second value is less than N, the second value can be used as the initial value of the scrambling sequence.

[0175] Here, X can be equal to Y (i.e., the length of the first shared sequence). The values ​​of X and Y are related to N. For example, when N is 31, X and Y can be positive integers less than N and greater than or equal to 10; when N is 63, X and Y can be positive integers less than N and greater than or equal to 24; when N is 127, X and Y can be positive integers less than N and greater than or equal to 57. It should be noted that this is only an illustrative explanation of the values ​​of X and Y. In actual processing, the values ​​of X and Y can be configured according to the actual situation. The example provided here is not intended to limit the values ​​of X and Y, and will not be explained again below.

[0176] For example, if N equals 31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0177] The value of X depends on Y, where X = Y. In one possible example, Y = X = 10, or Y = X = 16. This can represent taking the first value (i.e. The second value is obtained by multiplying 2 to the power of X. The first value above can also be replaced with... Wait, we will not limit or exhaustively list them here.

[0178] For example, if N equals 63, the calculation of the initial value of the addition sequence can be expressed as:

[0179] Where Y = X = 24, or Y = X = 26. The meanings of the terms in this formula are similar to those in the previous example and will not be repeated.

[0180] For example, the second value can be used as the initial value of the sensing signal sequence, such as... The values ​​of X and Y are not limited.

[0181] Optionally, based on the first value and the first shared parameter, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated: the result of multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X and the result of multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 are added to obtain the second value, and the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated based on the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter; or, the result of multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, the result of multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 and the specified parameter are added to obtain the second value, and the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated based on the second value.

[0182] Here, the type of the specified parameter can be configured according to the actual situation. In some preferred examples, the specified parameter can be of type CP in the time domain, and the cyclic prefix type can be represented by a value of length 1 bit.

[0183] The explanation regarding the calculation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0184] Here, X can be equal to Y+1. The values ​​of X and Y are related to N, and are not limited or exhaustively listed here.

[0185] For example, when N=31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0186] or,

[0187] Where, N CP This indicates a cyclic prefix type. One possible example is Y = 10, X = 11; or Y = 16, X = 17. This can represent multiplying the first value by 2 raised to the power of X; the first value above can also be replaced with... Wait, we will not limit or exhaustively list them here.

[0188] For example, calculating the initial values ​​of the scrambled sequence can be done without performing the modulo 2 power N process.

[0189] Optionally, based on the first value and the first shared parameter, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated: the result of multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, the result of the first shared sequence modulo 2 to the power of Q, and the offset value are added together to obtain the second value, and the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated based on the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter.

[0190] Q is an integer, and its value is optional. Preferably, Q is less than or equal to Y. X is related to the value of Q, and preferably, X can be equal to Q.

[0191] The offset value can be equal to the first shared sequence divided by 2 to the power of Q, rounded down, and then multiplied by 2 to the power of Z; or, the offset value can be equal to the first shared sequence multiplied by 2 to the power of Z. The value of Z can be related to Q, and Z can be greater than or equal to 12+Q, or the value of Z can be independent of Q, for example, Z can be an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0192] For example, if N equals 31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0193] In this context, Q is less than or equal to Y, for example, Q can be equal to 8, 9, or 10, etc. X is an integer whose value depends on the size of Q; optionally, X = Q. Z is an integer, Z = 12 + Q, or Z can be equal to 0; these are not limited or exhaustively listed here. In one possible example, X = Q = 10, Z = 22 or 0, Y = 12 or 16, etc.

[0194] This can represent taking the first value (i.e. Multiply by 2 to the power of X, where the first factor The length is equal to Q+1 bits, the second factor The length is 12 bits;

[0195] That is, the shared sequence modulo 2 to the power of Q, with a length of Q bits;

[0196] This represents the offset value calculated by dividing the shared sequence by 2 to the power of Q, taking the integer part, and then multiplying by 2 to the power of Z.

[0197] For example, if N equals 31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0198] Where Q is less than or equal to Y; X is an integer, X = Q; Z is an integer, for example, Z equals 0, or Z = 12 + Q. In one possible example, X = Q = 10, Z = 22, Y = 10, 12, or 16, etc.

[0199] This can be expressed as multiplying the first value by 2 raised to the power of X, where the first factor... The length is equal to Q+1 bits, the second factor The length is 12 bits; That is, the shared sequence modulo 2 to the power of Q, with a length of Q bits; This represents the offset value calculated by multiplying the shared sequence by 2 to the power of Z.

[0200] Optionally, based on the first value and the first shared parameter, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated: the result of multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, the result of multiplying the first shared sequence modulo 2 to the power of Q by 2, the specified parameter and the offset value are added to obtain the second value, and the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated based on the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter.

[0201] Where X can be equal to Q, or X can be equal to Q+1. The values ​​of X and Y are not limited or exhaustively listed.

[0202] For example, when N=31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0203] Where Q is an integer, the value of which is optional, preferably Q is less than or equal to Y; X is an integer, the value of which depends on the size of Q, X = Q; Z is an integer, for example Z can be equal to 0, or when Y is greater than Q, Z can be greater than or equal to 12 + Q. In one possible example, X = Q = 10, Z = 22, Y = 12 or 16, etc.

[0204] This can be expressed as multiplying the first value by 2 raised to the power of X, where the first factor... The length is equal to Q+1 bits, the second factor The length is 12 bits;

[0205] That is, the result of the shared sequence modulo 2 raised to the power of Q and then multiplied by 2. With N CP The length after addition is Q+1 bits;

[0206] This represents the offset value, which can also be replaced with...

[0207] Optionally, based on the first value and the first shared parameter, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated: the result of multiplying the first value by 2 and adding the specified parameter is used to obtain the second value, and the initial value of the scrambling sequence is calculated based on the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter.

[0208] Take the first value Taking N=31 as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0209] The above are exemplary descriptions of generating initial values ​​for a sensing signal sequence based on at least some bits of the shared key and time-domain parameters. In actual processing, various calculation methods, including but not limited to those in the above examples, may be used. Furthermore, in actual processing, the calculation methods for at least one of the above first values, shared sequences, offset values, CP types, etc., are not limited to the various possible methods in the above examples. As long as the length of the sensing signal sequence that can be finally calculated meets the requirements, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. No limitation or exhaustive list is made here.

[0210] The above embodiment of generating initial values ​​of scrambling sequences based on first shared parameters and first time-domain parameters provides a scheme in which the sequence generated by the first shared key runs through the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence. Since the first time-domain parameter is time-varying, the time-varying nature of the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence is guaranteed. Thus, the sensing signal obtained after scrambling the reference signal sequence with the scrambling sequence can guarantee the security and privacy of the sensing signal.

[0211] In one embodiment, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on a first shared parameter, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

[0212] In one example, generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence includes: multiplying a second factor and a third factor to obtain a third value, wherein the second factor is generated based on the first time-domain parameter and the third factor is generated based on the first configuration parameter; calculating a second value based on the third value and a first shared parameter; and calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value.

[0213] The calculation or generation method of the second factor is the same as that of the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0214] The length of the first configuration parameter can be W bits, where W can be a positive integer configured according to the actual situation. For example, the value of W can be greater than or equal to 10.

[0215] For example, the third factor might be equal to the first configuration parameter multiplied by 2 plus one. In this case, the third factor can be represented as (2P+1), where P represents the configuration parameter. For instance, the first configuration parameter includes the cell identifier. The third factor can be expressed as...

[0216] It should be noted that the above is only an exemplary description of obtaining the third factor. In actual processing, other methods may be used to process or calculate at least some types of parameters in the configuration parameters to obtain the third factor. This is not limited or exhaustive.

[0217] The explanation regarding the calculation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0218] Optionally, the second value can be calculated based on the third value and the first shared parameter by multiplying the third value by 2 to the power of X and adding the result to the first configuration parameter and the offset value. The offset value is calculated based on the first shared sequence, which is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter. The specific calculation or generation method of the offset value and the first shared sequence is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated.

[0219] Here, X can be equal to the length W of the configuration parameter. For example, X and W can be positive integers that are less than the length of the initial value of the sensing signal sequence and greater than or equal to 10. No limit or exhaustive list is set here.

[0220] For example, when N=31, the initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0221] in, It can represent the second value multiplied by 2 raised to the power of X. (2P+1) represents the second factor, and (2P+1) represents the third factor. Additionally, the above offset values... It can also be replaced with P is the first configuration parameter with a length of W bits; X is an integer whose value depends on the length W of the configuration parameter P, which is not limited here. In one possible example, X = W. The first shared sequence is generated based on the first shared parameter K, with a length of integer Y bits; Z is an integer, for example, Z equals 0, or Z = 12 + W when Y is greater than or equal to Q. In one possible example, X = W = 10, Z = 22 or 0, Y = 10, 12 or 16, etc.; in another possible example, X = W = 16, Z = 28 or 0, Y = 10, 12 or 16, etc.

[0222] The first configuration parameter is specifically the cell identifier. Taking X = 10 and Z = 15 as an example, the initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0223] Optionally, the second value can be calculated based on the third value and the first shared parameter by multiplying the third value by 2 to the power of X, multiplying the first configuration parameter by 2, and adding the offset value to obtain the second value; wherein the offset value is calculated based on the first shared sequence, and the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter. The specific calculation or generation method of the offset value and the first shared sequence is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated.

[0224] X can be equal to W (the length of the first configuration parameter) plus one, or equal to W, without limitation or exhaustive enumeration.

[0225] For example, if N equals 63, the initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0226] Among them, the offset value It can also be replaced with P is the first configuration parameter with a length of W bits; X is an integer, and in one possible example, X = W + 1; The length is an integer Y bits; Z is an integer, for example, Z equals 0, or when Y is greater than or equal to Q, Z = 12 + W. In one possible example, X = W = 10, Z = 33 or 0, Y = 30 or 32 or a larger value, etc.; in another possible example, X = W = 16, Z = 45 or 0, Y = 18 or 20 or a larger value, etc.

[0227] Optionally, the second value is calculated based on the third value and the first shared parameter. This can be achieved by adding the result of multiplying the third value by 2 to the power of X, the result of multiplying the first configuration parameter by 2, the offset value, and the specified parameter. The offset value is calculated based on the first shared sequence, which is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter. The specific calculation or generation methods for the offset value and the first shared sequence are the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated. The specified parameter can be of type CP.

[0228] X and W can be positive integers, for example, X can be equal to W+1. The values ​​of X and W are not limited or exhaustively listed here.

[0229] For example, when N=31, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0230] Where X = W + 1, the relevant explanations for the values ​​of the other terms are similar to those in the previous example and will not be repeated here; It can represent the third value multiplied by 2 raised to the power of X. (2P+1) represents the second factor, and (2P+1) represents the third factor. Alternatively, the above offset value can also be replaced with...

[0231] The above scheme for generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the first shared parameter, the first time-domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter. The sequence generated by the first shared parameter occupies the MSB in the initial value of the scrambling sequence. Since the time-domain parameter is time-varying, the time-varying nature of the initial value of the scrambling sequence is guaranteed. Furthermore, the content contained in the first configuration parameter is related to the perception scenario, thus making it more suitable for the perception scenario. It also increases the generation complexity of the initial value of the scrambling sequence, making it more difficult for attackers to crack the perception signal obtained by scrambling based on the scrambling sequence, thereby improving the security and privacy of the perception signal.

[0232] In one example, the process of generating the initial value of the scrambled sequence includes: multiplying a first factor and a second factor to obtain a first value, wherein the first factor is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of a first shared parameter, and the second factor is generated based on a first time-domain parameter; calculating a second value based on the first value and a first configuration parameter; and calculating the initial value of the scrambled sequence based on the second value.

[0233] The explanation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value is the same as that in the previous embodiment. The calculation methods of the first factor and the second factor are also the same as those in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated.

[0234] Optionally, calculating the second value based on the first value and the first configuration parameter may include: multiplying the first shared sequence by 2, multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, and adding the first configuration parameter to obtain the second value, wherein the first shared sequence is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of the first shared parameter.

[0235] For example, if N equals 31, the initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0236] Where P is a configuration parameter with a length of W bits; The first shared sequence has a length of integer Y bits; X is an integer, and in one possible example, X = W + 1 or X = Y + 1. In one possible example, W = 10, X = 16, Y = 17.

[0237] Optionally, calculating the second value based on the first value and the first configuration parameter may include: multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 to the power of W, multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, and adding the first configuration parameter to obtain the second value.

[0238] For example, if N equals 63, the initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0239] Wherein, the length of P is W bits; The length is an integer Y bits; X is an integer, and in one possible example, X = W + 1 or X = Y + 1 or X = W + Y.

[0240] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 20, X = W + Y = 30;

[0241] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 24, X = W + Y = 34;

[0242] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 28, X = W + Y = 38;

[0243] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 18, X = W + Y = 34;

[0244] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 20, X = W + Y = 36;

[0245] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 24, X = W + Y = 40.

[0246] Optionally, calculating the second value based on the first value and the first configuration parameter may include: multiplying the first shared sequence by a third factor and then multiplying the result by 2 to the power of W, multiplying the first value by 2 to the power of X, and adding the first configuration parameter to obtain the second value.

[0247] For example, if N equals 63, the initial values ​​for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0248] Where P is a configuration parameter with a length of W bits; The length is an integer Y bits; X is an integer, and in one possible example, X = 2W + 1 + Y.

[0249] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 14, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 35;

[0250] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 15, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 36;

[0251] In one possible example of values, W = 10, Y = 16, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 37;

[0252] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 8, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 41;

[0253] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 9, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 42;

[0254] In one possible example of values, W = 16, Y = 10, X = 2W + 1 + Y = 43.

[0255] The above are exemplary descriptions of generating initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence based on the first shared parameter, the first time-domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter. In actual processing, various calculation methods, including but not limited to the above examples, may be used, and no limit or exhaustive list is provided here.

[0256] In one embodiment, the initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on a first shared parameter and a first configuration parameter.

[0257] In one example, the generation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence includes: calculating a second value based on the result of multiplying a first factor and a third factor, wherein the first factor is generated based on at least a portion of the bits of a first shared parameter, and the third factor is generated based on a first configuration parameter; and calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value.

[0258] For example, the second value can be calculated based on the result of multiplying the first factor and the third factor by 2 to the power of X, and then added to the first shared sequence to obtain the second value. The calculation method of the first shared sequence is the same as in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated.

[0259] Where X can be equal to Y. The values ​​of X and Y are not limited in this embodiment. For example, X and Y can be positive integers that are less than the length of the initial value of the sensing signal sequence and greater than or equal to 10.

[0260] For example, when N=31, the initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0261] Where X = Y = 10, or X = Y = 16, This can represent taking the sixth value. Multiply by 2 to the power of X, It can represent the second value.

[0262] For example, the second value can be calculated based on the result of multiplying the first factor and the third factor by: multiplying the result of multiplying the first factor and the third factor by 2 to the power of X, the result of multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 to the power of Q, and the offset value, and then adding them together to obtain the second value. The calculation methods for the offset value and the first shared sequence are the same as in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated.

[0263] For example, when N=31, the initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0264] Where Q is an integer, and its value is an arbitrary value. Preferably, Q is less than or equal to Y; X is an integer, and its value depends on the size of Q, X = Q; the length W of the configuration parameter P can be an integer configured according to the actual situation; Z is an integer, for example, Z equals 0, for example, when Y (the length of the shared sequence) is greater than Q, Z = 12 + Q.

[0265] Among them, the first factor The length of P is equal to Q+1 bits. The length of P, W, can be greater than or equal to 10 bits. In addition, the third factor can also be replaced by the configuration parameter P, which is not limited here.

[0266] That is, the shared sequence modulo 2 to the power of Q, with a length of Q bits;

[0267] This represents the offset value. It can also be replaced with

[0268] In one example, the generation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence includes: calculating a second value based on a first shared sequence and a first configuration parameter; and calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value.

[0269] Optionally, the second value can be calculated based on the first shared sequence and the first configuration parameter by multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 to the power of X and adding the first configuration parameter to obtain the second value.

[0270] X can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, when N equals 31, X can be equal to 10 or 15, or other values. No limit or exhaustive list is made here.

[0271] Taking N = 31 and the cell identifier as the first configuration parameter as an example, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0272] Where X equals 10, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: If X equals 15, then the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0273] Optionally, the second value can be calculated based on the first shared sequence and the first configuration parameter by multiplying the first shared sequence by 2 to the power of X, multiplying it by the third factor, and then adding it to the first configuration parameter to obtain the second value.

[0274] X can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, when N equals 31, X can be equal to 10 or 15, or other values. No limit or exhaustive list is made here.

[0275] Taking N = 31 and the cell identifier as the first configuration parameter as an example, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: Where X equals 10, the initial value for calculating the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0276] In this embodiment, if the first shared parameter is shared only by the first device and the second device, then only the first device and the second device can calculate the same initial value of the scrambling sequence, thus ensuring the security of the scrambling sequence. If the first shared parameter is a group key, or a sensing key corresponding to a certain sensing service, or a sensing key corresponding to a certain sensing area, then only devices in the same group, or the same sensing service, or the same sensing area can calculate the same initial value of the scrambling sequence, which also ensures the security of the scrambling sequence.

[0277] In one example, the generation of the initial value of the scrambling sequence includes: calculating a third value based on a first configuration parameter; adding the third value and an offset value to obtain a second value, wherein the offset value is calculated based on a first shared sequence; and calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence based on the second value. The calculation method for the offset value is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated.

[0278] For example, taking the first configuration parameters as including the identifier of the first device and the cell identifier, the third value can be calculated based on the first configuration parameters as follows: multiply 2 by the cell identifier plus one, multiply the result by the identifier of the first device, multiply by 2 to the power of X, and then add it to the cell identifier to obtain the third value.

[0279] Taking N=31 as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: Here, RNTI represents the identifier of the first device. X and Z can be configured according to the actual situation; for example, X can be equal to 0 or other positive integers, and Z can be equal to 0 or other positive integers.

[0280] Taking Z = 2 and X = 0 as an example, the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0281] For example, taking the first configuration parameters as including the identifier of the first device and the cell identifier, the third value can be calculated based on the first configuration parameters by multiplying 2 to the power of X by the identifier of the first device and then adding it to the cell identifier to obtain the third value.

[0282] Taking N=31 as an example, the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as: X and Z can be configured according to the actual situation. For example, X can be equal to 0 or other positive integers, and Z can be equal to 0 or other positive integers.

[0283] Taking Z = 2 and X = 1 as an example, the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence can be calculated as follows:

[0284] Taking Z = 0 and X = 10 as an example, the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence can be expressed as:

[0285] In this embodiment, the identifier of the first device is used to calculate the initial value of the scrambling sequence. The initial value of the scrambling sequence can be exclusive to the first device, that is, only the first device and the second device can calculate the same initial value of the scrambling sequence, thus ensuring the security of the scrambling sequence.

[0286] The above are exemplary illustrations of calculating the initial values ​​of the scrambled sequence. In actual processing, various calculation methods, including but not limited to the examples above, may be used, and no limit or exhaustive list is provided here.

[0287] In some embodiments, the initial value of the reference signal sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a second shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a second time-domain parameter, and a second configuration parameter.

[0288] The second shared parameter includes one of the following: a second shared key, or a second higher-level parameter identifier.

[0289] The second shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

[0290] The second high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, PRS sequence identifier, and perception identifier.

[0291] The second configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, related identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of the first device, and identifier of the second device.

[0292] The second time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols per time slot, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol index, cyclic prefix (CP) type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

[0293] The second shared parameter may be the same as or different from the first shared parameter. For example, the second shared parameter may be the first key, and the first shared parameter may be the second key. Alternatively, both the first and second shared parameters may include a scrambling sequence identifier and a sensing identifier.

[0294] The second time-domain parameter can be the same as or different from the first time-domain parameter. For example, the second time-domain parameter may include the frame number, subframe number and CP type, while the first time-domain parameter may include the slot number, OFDM symbol index, etc.; or, for example, the first time-domain parameter and the second time-domain parameter may be the same, namely the frame number, subframe number and slot number.

[0295] The second configuration parameter may be the same as or different from the first configuration parameter. For example, the second configuration parameter may include the cell identifier, and the first configuration parameter may include the sensing service identifier. Alternatively, the first configuration parameter and the second configuration parameter may be the same, both including the sensing area identifier, the sensing service identifier, the identifier of the first device, and the identifier of the second device.

[0296] On both the first and second devices, the parameters and calculation methods used to generate the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence and the scrambling sequence should be the same. However, the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence and the scrambling sequence should be different; that is, the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence should be at least partially different from those used to generate the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence, and / or the calculation methods used to generate the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence should be different from those used to generate the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence.

[0297] In one embodiment, the initial values ​​for generating the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence use the same parameters, but the calculation methods used for generating the initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are different.

[0298] In this embodiment, the parameters used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence include at least one of a first shared parameter, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter. The parameters used to generate the initial value of the reference signal sequence include at least one of a second shared parameter, a second time-domain parameter, and a second configuration parameter. The first shared parameter is the same as the second shared parameter, the first configuration parameter is the same as the second configuration parameter, and the first time-domain parameter is the same as the second time-domain parameter. However, the calculation methods used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence and the initial value of the reference signal sequence are different.

[0299] Assume that the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence are calculated based on a first time-domain parameter and a first shared parameter, and the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence are calculated based on a second time-domain parameter and a second shared parameter. The first and second time-domain parameters are identical, both including the number of symbols in each time slot, the time slot number, and the OFDM symbol index; the first and second shared parameters are also identical, both being the PRS sequence identifier.

[0300] Taking the calculation of the initial value of a 31-bit reference signal sequence as an example, the initial value c of the reference signal sequence... int The calculation can be performed using methods found in related technologies:

[0301] Calculating the initial value of a 31-bit scrambling sequence requires other methods, such as the following: etc.

[0302] Taking the calculation of the initial value of a 63-bit reference signal sequence as an example, the initial value c of the reference signal sequence... int The following methods can be used for calculation:

[0303] Calculating the initial value of a 31-bit scrambling sequence requires other methods, such as the following: Wait, among them, The length can be greater than 20, for example The length can be 26, etc.

[0304] It should be noted that in actual processing, when the initial values ​​for generating the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are the same, as long as the method of calculating the initial value of the scrambling sequence is different from the method of calculating the initial value of the reference signal sequence, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0305] In one embodiment, the initial values ​​for generating the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are calculated in the same way, but the parameters used for generating the initial values ​​for generating the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are at least partially different.

[0306] For example, suppose the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence include a first shared parameter and a first time-domain parameter, and the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence include a second shared parameter and a second time-domain parameter.

[0307] The first shared parameter and the second shared parameter are different; for example, the first shared parameter can be K. gNB The second shared parameter can be The second time-domain parameter can be the same as or different from the first time-domain parameter.

[0308] Taking the calculation of the initial value of a 31-bit reference signal sequence as an example, the initial value c of the reference signal sequence... int The calculation can be performed using methods found in related technologies:

[0309] The initial value for a 31-bit scrambling sequence can be calculated in the following way: in,

[0310] It should be noted that in actual processing, if the calculation methods used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence and the initial value of the reference signal sequence are the same, as long as the parameters used to calculate the initial value of the scrambling sequence and the initial value of the reference signal sequence are at least partially different, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0311] In one embodiment, the initial values ​​for generating the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are calculated using different methods; and the parameters used for generating the initial values ​​for the scrambling sequence and the initial values ​​for generating the reference signal sequence are at least partially different.

[0312] For example, suppose the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence include a first shared parameter and a first configuration parameter, and the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence include a second shared parameter and a second time-domain parameter.

[0313] The first shared parameter and the second shared parameter can be the same, for example, the first shared parameter is... However, the parameters used to generate the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence include the first configuration parameter, while the initial values ​​used to generate the reference signal sequence employ the second time-domain parameter.

[0314] Taking the calculation of the initial value of a 31-bit reference signal sequence as an example, the initial value c of the reference signal sequence... int The calculation can be performed using methods found in related technologies:

[0315] The initial value for a 31-bit scrambling sequence can be calculated in the following way:

[0316] It should be noted that in actual processing, the calculation methods used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence and the initial value of the reference signal sequence are different, and the parameters used to calculate the initial value of the scrambling sequence and the initial value of the reference signal sequence are at least partially different. These are within the scope of protection of this embodiment and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0317] The solution provided in this embodiment increases the parameters for generating the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence, thereby increasing the complexity of generating the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence. This makes it more difficult for an attacker to obtain the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence, and consequently, more difficult for an attacker to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence. This increases the complexity for an attacker to perform sensing data measurements on the sensing signal, thus ensuring the security of the sensing signal, as well as the security and privacy of the final sensing data or sensing results. Furthermore, the length of the reference signal sequence and the scrambling sequence in the above solution can be greater than 31 bits, such as 63 bits or 127 bits. Increasing the length of the reference signal sequence and the scrambling sequence further increases the difficulty for an attacker to crack the code, thereby improving the security of the sensing signal.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first device and the second device may calculate the reference signal sequence in the same way based on the initial values ​​of the reference signal sequence. Similarly, the first device and the second device may calculate the scrambling sequence in the same way based on the initial values ​​of the scrambling sequence.

[0319] The reference signal sequence can also be called a gold sequence, bit stream, sensing bit stream, etc., and we will not limit or exhaust all possible names for it here.

[0320] Taking the reference signal sequence as an example, calculating the reference signal sequence based on the initial value of the reference signal sequence can mean: using the calculation method of the gold sequence to calculate the reference signal sequence from the initial value of the reference signal sequence.

[0321] For example, suppose a reference signal sequence (or gold sequence) of length 31 bits is represented as c(n), where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the method for calculating c(n) is as follows: c(n)=(x1(n+N) C )+x2(n+N C ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2

[0322] Where, N C =1600;

[0323] The initial values ​​of the first m-sequence are x1(0) = 1, ..., x1(n) = 0, n = 1, ..., 30;

[0324] The initial value of the second m-sequence is the initial value of the reference signal sequence with a length greater than or equal to 31 bits (c iniD The initial value of the reference signal sequence can be calculated in any of the ways described in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0325] Assuming a scrambling sequence (or gold sequence) of length 31 bits is represented as c s (n), where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, calculate c s The method for (n) is as follows:

[0326] Where, N C =1600;

[0327] The initial value of the first m-sequence is

[0328] The initial value of the second m-sequence is the initial value of the scrambling sequence with a length greater than or equal to 31 bits. The initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated in any of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0329] For example, suppose a reference signal sequence (or gold sequence) of length 63 bits is represented as c(n), where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, the method for calculating c(n) is as follows: c(n)=(x1(n+N) C )+x2(n+N C ))mod2 x1(n+63)=(x1(n+1)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+63)=(x2(n+38)+x2(n+13)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2

[0330] Where, N C =20750;

[0331] The initial values ​​of the first m-sequence are x1(0) = 1, ..., x1(n) = 0, n = 1, ..., 62;

[0332] The initial value of the second m-sequence is the initial value of the reference signal sequence with a length greater than or equal to 63 bits (c iniD The initial value of the reference signal sequence can be calculated in any of the ways described in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0333] Assuming a scrambled sequence (or gold sequence) of length 63 bits is represented as c s (n), where n = 0, 1, ..., M PN -1, calculate c s The method for (n) is as follows:

[0334] Where, N C =20750;

[0335] The initial values ​​of the first m-sequence are x1(0) = 1, ..., x1(n) = 0, n = 1, ..., 62;

[0336] The initial value of the second m-sequence is the initial value of the scrambling sequence with a length greater than or equal to 63 bits (c iniD The initial value of the scrambling sequence can be calculated in any of the ways described in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0337] It should be noted that the above formula is only one way to generate a 63-bit gold sequence. The choice of the primitive polynomial for the gold sequence is not limited here. This application mainly focuses on the design and generation of initial values. As long as the initial value generation method involved in this application is used for calculation, it falls within the scope of protection of this application. Similarly, this embodiment does not limit the generation method of a 127-bit gold sequence. As long as the initial value generation method involved in this application is used for calculation, it falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0338] In some embodiments, before the first device executes S311, the processing of the first device may further include one of the following: receiving at least some parameters from the second device for generating a scrambling sequence, wherein the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: a first shared parameter, a first time domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter; receiving the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence from a core network element; and sending the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence to the second device.

[0339] The core network elements include one of the following: perception function, perception key management function, AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), LMF (Location Management Function), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), and UDM (Unified Data Management).

[0340] At least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence can refer to at least some of the parameters among all the parameters used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence. That is, at least some of the parameters among all the parameters used to generate the initial value of the scrambling sequence can be configured. For example, all the parameters for generating the initial value of the scrambling sequence include a first shared parameter, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter. At least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence may only include the first time-domain parameter and the first configuration parameter, while the first shared parameter may be pre-acquired or derived by the first device and the second device.

[0341] It should be noted that at least some of the parameters used to generate the reference signal sequence can also be configured simultaneously with at least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence, which will not be repeated here.

[0342] In some embodiments, the first device performing the S312 process may include: performing an XOR operation on each bit in the reference signal sequence and the bit at the corresponding position in the scrambling sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0343] For example, the i-th bit in the reference signal sequence can be represented as c(i), and the i-th bit in the scrambling sequence can be represented as c s (i) The i-th bit of the scrambled reference signal sequence can be obtained by XORing the i-th bit of the reference signal sequence and the i-th bit of the scrambled sequence. For example, the i-th bit of the scrambled reference signal sequence can be represented as...

[0344] In some embodiments, the first device performing the S313 process may include: performing Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation based on the scrambled reference signal sequence to generate modulation symbols; and mapping the modulation symbols to corresponding time-frequency resources to generate a sensing signal.

[0345] Here, the modulation symbols can be complex symbols. In some possible examples, the modulation symbols can also be alternatively referred to as complex modulation symbols.

[0346] Based on the scrambled reference signal sequence, QPSK modulation can be used to generate modulation symbols, which may include: sequentially extracting multiple bits from the scrambled reference signal sequence and using QPSK to calculate the modulation symbols from these multiple bits.

[0347] The number of modulation symbols is multiple, and there is no limit to the number of them here.

[0348] The processing of extracting multiple bits and the processing of calculating modulation symbols can be performed alternately. For example, after extracting multiple bits for the first time, the multiple bits are modulated and mapped to the corresponding time and frequency resources based on QPSK. Then, multiple bits are extracted for the second time, and the multiple bits are processed and mapped to the corresponding time and frequency resources based on QPSK. This process is repeated until the time and frequency resources corresponding to the sensing signal are fully mapped.

[0349] The number of bits extracted each time can be 2 bits.

[0350] The calculation based on QPSK modulation can be expressed as: Where c(2m) and c(2m+1) are the specific values ​​of the two bits, r(m) represents the m-th modulation symbol, and j is the imaginary unit.

[0351] In this embodiment, any bit in the scrambled reference signal sequence can be represented as The process of obtaining modulation symbols from multiple bits extracted from the scrambled reference signal sequence based on QPSK can be represented as follows:

[0352] Mapping modulation symbols to corresponding time-frequency resources to generate sensing signals can include: scaling the modulation symbols using a scaling factor before mapping them to the time-frequency resources to generate sensing signals. The scaling factor can be determined based on actual configuration and is not limited here. The time-domain range of the time-frequency resources can be calculated based on the time-domain index range, and the frequency-domain range of the time-frequency resources can be calculated based on the frequency-domain index; the specific calculation method is not limited in this embodiment.

[0353] The first device performs the relevant processing of sending sensing signals in S314, which can be the same as the relevant protocol (such as the process specified in 38.211), and will not be described in detail.

[0354] In some embodiments, before the second device executes S321, the processing of the second device further includes one of the following: receiving at least some parameters from the first device for generating a scrambling sequence, wherein the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: a first shared parameter, a first time domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter; receiving the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence from a core network element; and sending the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence to the first device.

[0355] In one example, the first device can be a terminal, and the second device can be a network device. The first device receives at least some parameters from the second device for generating the scrambling sequence.

[0356] Optionally, the second device may obtain or acquire at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence according to the protocol, and then send the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the first device. This embodiment does not limit the specific processing of the second device.

[0357] Optionally, the second device receives at least some parameters from core network elements for generating the scrambling sequence. Then, the second device sends the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the first device.

[0358] In one example, the first device can be a terminal and the second device can be a network device; alternatively, the first device can be a network device and the second device can be a terminal. The first device receives at least some parameters from core network elements for generating the scrambling sequence. In this embodiment, the second device can also similarly receive at least some parameters from core network elements for generating the scrambling sequence.

[0359] In one example, the first device can be a network device, and the second device can be a terminal. The second device receives at least some parameters from the first device for generating the scrambling sequence.

[0360] Optionally, the first device may obtain or acquire at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence according to the protocol, and then send the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the second device. This embodiment does not limit the specific processing of the first device.

[0361] Optionally, the first device receives at least some parameters from core network elements for generating the scrambling sequence. Then, the first device sends at least some of the parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the second device.

[0362] It should be noted that at least some of the parameters used to generate the reference signal sequence can also be configured simultaneously with at least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence. That is, the processing of the second device may include: receiving at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence and at least some parameters for generating the reference signal sequence from the first device; or receiving the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence and at least some parameters for generating the reference signal sequence from a core network element; or sending the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence and at least some parameters for generating the reference signal sequence to the first device.

[0363] The descriptions of at least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence and at least some of the parameters used to generate the reference signal sequence are the same as those in the previous embodiments, and therefore will not be repeated.

[0364] The description of the second device performing S321 is the same as that of the first device performing S311, so it will not be repeated here.

[0365] The second device performs the same process as the first device performs the process of S312, and will not be described again.

[0366] The second device performing the processing in S323 may include: performing QPSK modulation based on the scrambled reference signal sequence to generate demodulated symbols. These demodulated symbols can be complex symbols; in some possible examples, the demodulated symbols may also be referred to as complex demodulated symbols.

[0367] The specific processing by which the second device generates demodulated symbols should be the same as the processing by which the first device obtains modulated symbols. For example, the second device modulates multiple bits extracted from the scrambled reference signal sequence using QPSK to obtain demodulated symbols, which can be represented as:

[0368] The second device executes S325 to obtain sensing measurement data based on demodulated symbols and echo signals, which may include: performing inverse mapping on the echo signal of the sensing signal received from the first resource to obtain a received reference signal sequence; and calculating the demodulated symbols and the received reference signal sequence using a specified calculation method to obtain the sensing measurement data.

[0369] The first resource may include a first time-domain resource and / or a first frequency-domain resource. The first time-domain resource may be any one of the following: a specified time, a period of time, or the time range within which a specified time t falls; the first frequency-domain resource may be any one of the following: a specified subcarrier, or a subcarrier at a specified frequency. For example, the first resource may be one or more OFDM symbols within a subframe number.

[0370] The specified calculation method may include at least one of the following: LS (least squares) or MMSE (minimum mean square error).

[0371] For example, the sensing measurement data may include at least one of the following: raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the raw channel information, and sensing results obtained based on the measurement data.

[0372] The original channel information may be the result of the received signal or its channel response. For example, the original channel information may include at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, I-path (in-phase component), Q-path (quadrature component); and / or, the original channel information may include the result obtained by calculation based on at least one of amplitude, phase, I-path (in-phase component), Q-path (quadrature component).

[0373] The measurement data can be obtained by processing the raw channel information. For example, the measurement data can include relevant parameters of the sampling points, which can include at least one of the following: time delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, velocity, position, etc.

[0374] Perception results are data related to business functions, performance, etc., obtained through further calculation and / or analysis of measurement data. For example, perception results may include at least one of the following: whether a target (or a perceived target) exists, and relevant data about the target. The relevant data about the target may include at least one of the following: distance, speed, orientation, acceleration, position, trajectory, action, facial expression, respiratory / heart rate imaging results, weather, air quality, material and composition, etc.

[0375] For example, S325 may include: the second device receiving OFDM symbols within the corresponding subframe number and obtaining the received reference signal sequence y(m) on multiple OFDM symbols within the subframe through inverse mapping; the second device performing operations on the generated demodulated symbol r(m) and the received reference signal sequence y(m), such as LS (least squares) and / or MMSE (minimum mean square error), to obtain the sensing data measurement.

[0376] In this embodiment, since the second device has a scrambling sequence, the second device can directly obtain accurate sensing measurement data by processing the echo signal. The sensing measurement data obtained by the second device can be the final sensing measurement result.

[0377] Optionally, after the second device completes S325, the second device may also perform one of the following: send the sensing measurement data to the first device; report the sensing measurement data to the core network element; or report the sensing measurement data to the application server. This is only an illustrative example. In actual processing, if the second device knows that the client UE ultimately needs to obtain the sensing measurement data, it may also send the sensing measurement data to the client UE. The processing of the second device after obtaining the sensing measurement results is not limited or exhaustively described here.

[0378] In this embodiment, the first device performs bit-level scrambling on a reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence. Then, a sensing signal is generated and emitted based on the scrambled reference signal sequence. By scrambling the reference signal sequence, not only is the anti-interference capability of the sensing signal increased, but the difficulty and complexity of an attacker breaking the reference signal sequence are also increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing measurement data. Furthermore, since the second device also uses the same scrambling sequence to perform bit-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence, demodulating the echo signal of the received sensing signal based on the scrambled reference signal sequence ensures that the second device can accurately measure and obtain sensing measurement data. Moreover, since only a legitimate second device can generate the scrambling sequence, and illegal or unauthorized devices cannot generate it, illegal or unauthorized devices can only obtain incorrect measurement data or results, ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing measurement data. In addition, this embodiment does not adjust the modulation and other related processing of the sensing signal, thus exhibiting good compatibility with sensing signal-related designs in related technologies. Furthermore, since this embodiment scrambles the reference signal sequence, interference from reference signals from neighboring cells can be reduced.

[0379] In some possible implementations, on the first device side, scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal includes: performing an XOR calculation based on the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence; and generating the sensing signal based on the scrambling reference signal sequence.

[0380] On the second device side, sensing measurement data is obtained based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal.

[0381] Referring to Figure 4, the communication method provided in this embodiment will be described as follows:

[0382] S411 to S414 are executed on the first device side. The specific processing before the first device executes S411 and the specific processing before the first device executes S411 and the specific processing before the first device executes S311 and the specific processing before the first device executes S311 and the specific processing before the first device executes S311 and the specific processing before the first device executes S314 in the previous example, and will not be described again.

[0383] S421 to S424 are executed on the second device side, as follows:

[0384] S421, Generate a reference signal sequence.

[0385] S422 receives the echo signal of the sensed signal.

[0386] S423, based on the reference signal sequence and echo signal, obtains sensing measurement data;

[0387] S424, Send sensing measurement data. S424 includes one of the following: sending the sensing measurement data to the first device; reporting the sensing measurement data to a core network element. This example uses the second device sending sensing measurement data to the first device as an example for subsequent explanation.

[0388] If, in S424, the second device sends sensing measurement data to the first device, the first device will also execute S415 to S416 accordingly:

[0389] S415, Receive sensing measurement data from the second device;

[0390] S416, Calculate the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data.

[0391] If in S424, the second device sends sensing measurement data to the core network element, the core network element will also perform the following processing: receive sensing measurement data from the second device; calculate the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data.

[0392] In this embodiment, before the second device executes S421, it may include: receiving at least some parameters from the first device for generating a reference signal sequence; or receiving at least some parameters from a core network element for generating a reference signal sequence; or sending at least some parameters for generating a reference signal sequence to the first device. The at least some parameters for generating the reference signal sequence and their related descriptions are the same as in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0393] The specific processing for the first device to generate the reference signal sequence is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0394] The second device performing the S423 process may include: performing QPSK modulation based on the reference signal sequence to generate demodulated symbols; performing inverse mapping on the echo signal of the sensing signal received from the first resource to obtain the received reference signal sequence; and calculating the demodulated symbols and the received reference signal sequence using a specified calculation method to obtain sensing measurement data.

[0395] The relevant descriptions of QPSK are the same as those in the previous embodiments, and will not be repeated. The second device performs QPSK modulation based on the reference signal sequence, and the generated demodulated symbols can be obtained by calculating multiple bits extracted from the reference signal sequence based on QPSK (for example, any one bit can be represented as c(i)). For example, it can be represented as:

[0396] The description of the first resource is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0397] For example, S423 may include: the second device receiving OFDM symbols within the corresponding subframe number and obtaining the received reference signal sequence y(m) on multiple OFDM symbols within the subframe through inverse mapping; the second device performing operations, such as LS (least squares) and / or MMSE (minimum mean square error), on the generated demodulated symbol r′(m) and the received reference signal sequence y(m) to obtain the sensing data measurement.

[0398] The sensing measurement data may include raw channel information. Since the second device does not generate a scrambling sequence in this embodiment, the raw channel information obtained by the second device is not the real channel information. Therefore, the second device needs to send the locally obtained sensing measurement data to the core network element with the scrambling sequence or the first device for further processing to obtain accurate sensing measurement results.

[0399] The specific processing method for calculating the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data in S416 performed on the first device side can be configured according to the actual situation and is related to the specified calculation method. For example, assuming the specified calculation method is LS, the sensing measurement data sent by the second device to the first device specifically includes H', which can be equal to y(m) / r′(m). The first device can calculate r′(m) based on the reference signal sequence using the same method as the second device, divide r′(m) by the modulation symbol r(m) obtained by its own modulation, and then multiply it by H' to obtain the true channel estimate value. Then, the sensing measurement result is obtained based on the true channel estimate value. It should be noted that this is only an illustrative example. In actual processing, other methods can also be used to calculate the sensing measurement result. This embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them.

[0400] The sensing measurement results may include at least one of the following: real raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the real raw channel information, and sensing results obtained based on the measurement data.

[0401] After the first device obtains the sensing measurement results, it may also include one of the following: sending the sensing measurement results to the second device; reporting the sensing measurement results to the application server; or reporting the sensing measurement results to the core network element. This is only an illustrative example. In actual processing, if the first device knows that the client UE ultimately needs to obtain the sensing measurement results, it can also send the sensing measurement results to the client UE. The processing after the first device obtains the sensing measurement results is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0402] In addition, if the core network element receives the sensing measurement data from the second device, the core network element can perform the same processing as the first device to obtain the sensing measurement results, which will not be repeated here.

[0403] In this embodiment, the first device performs bit-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence. Then, a sensing signal is generated and emitted based on the scrambled reference signal sequence. By scrambling the reference signal sequence, not only is the anti-interference capability of the sensing signal increased, but the difficulty and complexity for attackers to crack the reference signal sequence are also increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal. Correspondingly, since the second device is not allowed to know the generation parameters of the scrambling sequence, it cannot obtain the scrambling sequence. The second device only acts as a measurement tool, demodulating the echo signal of the received sensing signal using the reference signal sequence. The second device then sends the measured data to the first device (or core network element) that possesses the scrambling sequence. The first device (or core network element) ultimately obtains the true sensing measurement result. In this case, only the first device (or core network element or client UE) can obtain the true sensing measurement data or result. Thus, while ensuring accurate sensing measurement results are obtained, the scrambling sequence is prevented from being obtained by a large number of devices, ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal and the sensing measurement result. Furthermore, this embodiment does not adjust the modulation and other related processing of the sensing signal, thus it has good compatibility with sensing signal related designs in related technologies.

[0404] In some possible implementations, on the first device side, scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal includes: scrambling a reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the sensing signal. Specifically, scrambling the reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the sensing signal includes: multiplying the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal. The processing of the first device further includes: performing QPSK modulation based on the scrambling sequence to generate the scrambling symbol.

[0405] On the second device side, based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal, sensing measurement data is obtained, including: scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols; and obtaining sensing measurement data based on the demodulated symbols and the echo signal.

[0406] The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols includes: scrambling a reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the demodulated symbols. Specifically, the step of scrambling the reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the demodulated symbols includes: multiplying the scrambling symbol generated from the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated from the reference signal sequence to generate the demodulated symbols.

[0407] Referring to Figure 5, the communication method provided in this embodiment will be described as follows:

[0408] S511 to S514 are executed on the first device side, as follows:

[0409] S511 generates a reference signal sequence and a scrambling sequence.

[0410] S512, generate reference symbols based on the reference signal sequence, and generate scrambling symbols based on the scrambling sequence.

[0411] S513, the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence is multiplied by the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal.

[0412] S514, send the sensing signal.

[0413] S321 to S325 are executed on the second device side, as follows:

[0414] S521 generates a reference signal sequence and a scrambling sequence.

[0415] S522, Generate reference symbols based on the reference signal sequence, and generate scrambling symbols based on the scrambling sequence.

[0416] S523, the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence is multiplied by the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the demodulated symbol.

[0417] S524 receives the echo signal of the sensed signal.

[0418] The S525 obtains sensing measurement data based on demodulated symbols and echo signals.

[0419] Specifically, the execution order of S524 can be after S521 to S523 are completed, or it can be before S523, S522, or S521. For example, the second device can execute S524 first, and then execute S521 to S523 and S525 sequentially; or, the second device can execute S521 first, then S524, and then execute S522 to S523 and S525 sequentially; or, the second device can execute S521 to S522 first, then S524, and then S523 and S525. This is only an illustrative example, and this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively describe the execution order of S524.

[0420] In this embodiment, the processing of S511 and the processing before S511 performed by the first device are the same as those performed by the first device in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again.

[0421] The execution of S512 on the first device side may specifically include: performing QPSK modulation on the reference signal sequence to obtain a reference symbol; and performing QPSK modulation on the scrambling sequence to generate the scrambling symbol. Here, both the scrambling symbol and the reference symbol are complex symbols. For example, the scrambling symbol can be replaced by the term "complex scrambling symbol," and the reference symbol can be replaced by the term "complex reference symbol."

[0422] Specifically, the processing of the first device can be as follows: extracting multiple bits sequentially from the reference signal sequence, and modulating the multiple bits extracted from the reference signal sequence based on QPSK to obtain a reference symbol; extracting multiple bits sequentially from the scrambling sequence, and modulating the multiple bits extracted from the scrambling sequence based on QPSK to obtain a scrambling symbol.

[0423] The processes of sequentially extracting multiple bits from the reference signal sequence and calculating the reference symbol can be performed alternately. For example, after extracting multiple bits from the reference signal sequence for the first time, QPSK is used to process these multiple bits to obtain a symbol, i.e., the reference symbol. Then, multiple bits are extracted a second time, and QPSK is used to process these multiple bits again, and so on. Similarly, the processes of sequentially extracting multiple bits from the scrambling sequence and calculating the scrambling symbol can be performed alternately, which will not be elaborated further.

[0424] The reference symbol obtained by QPSK modulation based on the reference signal sequence can be represented as: Where c(2m) and c(2m+1) are the specific values ​​of two bits in the reference signal sequence c(i), r(m) represents the m-th reference symbol, and j is the imaginary unit.

[0425] The scrambling symbol obtained by QPSK modulation based on the scrambling sequence can be represented as: Among them, c s (2m) and c s (2m+1) represent the scrambling sequence c. s The specific values ​​of the two bits in (i), r s (m) represents the m-th scrambling symbol, and j is the imaginary unit.

[0426] The execution of S513 on the first device side may include: multiplying the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to obtain a modulation symbol, mapping the modulation symbol onto the corresponding time-frequency resource, and generating a sensing signal. The multiplication of the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to obtain the modulation symbol can be expressed as multiplying the reference symbol r(m) and the scrambling symbol r... s (m) Multiply each symbol individually r(m)*r s (m), as the modulation symbol. Mapping the modulation symbol to the corresponding time-frequency resource can mean that the first device maps the modulation symbol to a specified RE resource.

[0427] In this embodiment, the processing of S521 performed by the second device and the processing before S521 are the same as those performed by the second device in the previous embodiment and the processing before S321, and will not be described again.

[0428] The second device performs the S522 process in the same way as the first device performs S512, and will not be described in detail here.

[0429] The second device side executes S523, which may include: multiplying the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to obtain a demodulated symbol. The multiplication of the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to obtain the demodulated symbol can be expressed as multiplying the reference symbol r(m) and the scrambling symbol r... s (m) Multiply each symbol individually r(m)*r s (m) is used as a demodulation symbol.

[0430] The second device performs the same processing steps S524 to S525 as S324 to S325 in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0431] Alternatively, after completing S524, the second device may also perform one of the following: send the sensing measurement data to the first device; report the sensing measurement data to the core network element; or report the sensing measurement data to the application server. The sensing measurement data may include at least one of the following: raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the raw channel information, or a sensing result obtained based on the measurement data. In this embodiment, because the second device possesses a scrambling sequence, it can directly obtain accurate sensing measurement data by processing the echo signal, and the sensing measurement data obtained by the second device can be the final sensing measurement result.

[0432] In this embodiment, the first device uses scrambling symbols obtained by modulating a scrambling sequence and reference symbols obtained by modulating a reference signal sequence to perform symbol-level scrambling processing to obtain a sensing signal and then transmits it. By performing symbol-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence, not only is the anti-interference capability of the sensing signal increased, but the difficulty for an attacker to demodulate the sensing signal is also increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing measurement data. Since the second device also uses the same scrambling sequence to perform symbol-level scrambling processing on the reference signal sequence to obtain demodulated symbols, and then processes the echo signal of the received sensing signal based on the demodulated symbols to obtain sensing measurement data, the accuracy of the sensing measurement data obtained by the second device can be guaranteed. Furthermore, since only a legitimate second device can generate scrambling sequences, and illegal or unauthorized devices cannot generate scrambling sequences, illegal or unauthorized devices can only obtain incorrect measurement data or results, ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing measurement data. In addition, this embodiment adjusts the modulation processing of the sensing signal, providing a more flexible processing method for the generation of the sensing signal.

[0433] In some possible implementations, on the first device side, scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal includes: multiplying the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal.

[0434] On the second device side, sensing measurement data is obtained based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal.

[0435] Referring to Figure 6, the communication method provided in this embodiment will be described as follows:

[0436] S611 to S614 are executed on the first device side. The specific processing before the first device executes S611 and the specific processing before the first device executes S511 and the specific processing before the first device executes S511 and the specific processing before the first device executes S511 to S514 in the previous example are the same and will not be described again.

[0437] S621 to S624 are executed on the second device side. The processing of S621 to S624 performed by the second device is the same as the processing of S421 to S424 performed by the second device in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again.

[0438] In this embodiment, the sensing measurement data may include raw channel information. Since the second device does not generate a scrambling sequence in this embodiment, the raw channel information obtained by the second device is not the true channel information. Therefore, the second device needs to send the locally obtained sensing measurement data to the core network element with the scrambling sequence or the first device for further processing to obtain accurate sensing measurement results.

[0439] If, in S624, the second device sends sensing measurement data to the first device, the first device will also execute S615 to S616 accordingly:

[0440] S615, receives sensing measurement data from the second device;

[0441] S616, Calculate the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data.

[0442] If in S624, the second device sends sensing measurement data to the core network element, the core network element will also perform the following processing: receive sensing measurement data from the second device; calculate the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data.

[0443] The specific processing method for calculating the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data in S616 performed on the first device side can be configured according to the actual situation and is related to the specified calculation method. For example, assuming the specified calculation method is LS, the sensing measurement data sent by the second device to the first device specifically includes H', which can be equal to y(m) / r′(m). The first device can calculate r′(m) based on the reference signal sequence using the same method as the second device, divide r′(m) by the modulation symbol r(m) obtained by its own modulation, and then multiply it by H' to obtain the true channel estimate value, and then obtain the sensing measurement result based on the true channel estimate value. The method by which the first device obtains the modulation symbol is the same as that in S612 to S613, and will not be described in detail.

[0444] The sensing measurement results may include at least one of the following: real raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the real raw channel information, and sensing results obtained based on the measurement data.

[0445] It should be noted that this is only an illustrative example, and other methods can be used to calculate the sensing measurement results in actual processing. This embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them.

[0446] After the first device obtains the sensing measurement results, it may also include one of the following: sending the sensing measurement results to the second device; reporting the sensing measurement results to the application server; or reporting the sensing measurement results to the core network element. This is only an illustrative example. In actual processing, if the first device knows that the client UE ultimately needs to obtain the sensing measurement results, it can also send the sensing measurement results to the client UE. The processing after the first device obtains the sensing measurement results is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0447] In addition, if the core network element receives the sensing measurement data from the second device, the core network element can perform the same processing as the first device to obtain the sensing measurement results, which will not be repeated here.

[0448] In this embodiment, the first device uses scrambling symbols obtained by modulation with a scrambling sequence and reference symbols obtained by modulation with a reference signal sequence to perform symbol-level scrambling processing to obtain a sensing signal and then transmits it. By performing symbol-level scrambling on the reference signal sequence, the difficulty for an attacker to demodulate the sensing signal is increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal. Furthermore, since the second device is not allowed to know the generation parameters of the scrambling sequence, it cannot obtain the scrambling sequence. The second device merely acts as a measurement tool. It demodulates the echo signal of the received sensing signal using the reference signal sequence, and can then send its intermediate measurement results back to the first device (or core network element) that possesses the scrambling sequence. The first device (or core network element) ultimately obtains the true sensing measurement result. In this case, only the first device (or core network element or client UE) can obtain the true sensing measurement data or result. Thus, while ensuring accurate sensing measurement results are obtained, it also prevents the scrambling sequence from being obtained by a large number of devices, ensuring the security and privacy of the sensing signal and the sensing measurement result.

[0449] The solution provided in this embodiment allows a first device to scramble a reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence to obtain and transmit a sensing signal. By scrambling the reference signal sequence, the difficulty and complexity for an attacker to crack or demodulate the sensing signal are increased, thereby ensuring the security and privacy of the final measured sensing data.

[0450] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a first device according to an embodiment of this application, including:

[0451] The first processing unit 701 is used to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal;

[0452] The first communication unit 702 is used to transmit the sensing signal.

[0453] The first processing unit is configured to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence; and generate the sensing signal based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0454] The first processing unit is configured to perform an XOR operation on the scrambled sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0455] The first processing unit is configured to perform QPSK modulation on the scrambled reference signal sequence to generate modulation symbols; and map the modulation symbols onto corresponding time-frequency resources to generate the sensing signal.

[0456] The first processing unit is configured to scramble the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence, thereby generating the sensing signal.

[0457] The first processing unit is configured to multiply the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal.

[0458] The first processing unit is configured to perform QPSK modulation based on the scrambling sequence to generate the scrambling symbol.

[0459] The first communication unit is used to receive sensing measurement data from the second device;

[0460] The first processing unit is used to calculate the sensing measurement result based on the scrambling sequence of the sensing measurement data.

[0461] The first communication unit is configured to perform one of the following: send the sensing measurement results to the second device; report the sensing measurement results to the application server; or report the sensing measurement results to the core network element.

[0462] The initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a first shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

[0463] The first shared parameter includes one of the following: a first shared key, or a first higher-level parameter identifier.

[0464] The first shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

[0465] The first high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, PRS sequence identifier, and perception identifier.

[0466] The first configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, related identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of the first device, and identifier of the second device.

[0467] The first time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols per time slot, OFDM symbol index, CP type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

[0468] The first communication unit is configured to perform one of the following: receiving at least some parameters from the second device for generating a scrambling sequence, wherein the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: the first shared parameter, the first time domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter; receiving the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence from a core network element; and sending the at least some parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the second device.

[0469] The length of the scrambling sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

[0470] The length of the reference signal sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

[0471] The core network elements include one of the following: sensing function, sensing key management function, AMF, LMF, AUSF, UDM.

[0472] The first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device; or, the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal.

[0473] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a second device according to an embodiment of this application, including:

[0474] The second communication unit 801 is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal.

[0475] The second processing unit 802 is used to obtain sensing measurement data based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal.

[0476] The second processing unit is configured to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols; and to obtain sensing measurement data based on the demodulated symbols and the echo signal.

[0477] The second processing unit is configured to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence; and generate the demodulation symbol based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0478] The second processing unit is used to perform an XOR calculation based on the scrambling sequence and the reference signal sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence.

[0479] The second processing unit is used to scramble the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence, thereby generating the demodulated symbols.

[0480] The second processing unit is configured to multiply the scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence with the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the demodulated symbol.

[0481] The second communication unit is configured to perform one of the following: send the sensing measurement data to the first device; report the sensing measurement data to the core network element; or report the sensing measurement data to the application server.

[0482] The sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following: raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the raw channel information, and sensing results obtained based on the measurement data.

[0483] The initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a first shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

[0484] The first shared parameter includes one of the following: a first shared key, or a first higher-level parameter identifier.

[0485] The first shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

[0486] The first high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, PRS sequence identifier, and perception identifier.

[0487] The first configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, related identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of the first device, and identifier of the second device.

[0488] The first time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols per time slot, OFDM symbol index, CP type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

[0489] The second communication unit is configured to perform one of the following: receiving at least some parameters from the first device for generating a scrambling sequence, wherein the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: the first shared parameter, the first time domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter; receiving the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence from a core network element; and sending the at least some parameters for generating a scrambling sequence to the first device.

[0490] The length of the scrambling sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

[0491] The length of the reference signal sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

[0492] The core network elements include one of the following: sensing function, sensing key management function, AMF, LMF, AUSF, UDM.

[0493] The first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device; or, the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal.

[0494] The device in this application embodiment can realize the corresponding functions of the various devices in the foregoing communication method embodiments. The processes, functions, implementation methods, and beneficial effects of each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in this device can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the device of this application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units, or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.).

[0495] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 900 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication device 900 includes a processor 910, which can call and run computer programs from a memory to enable the communication device 900 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. In one possible implementation, the communication device 900 may further include a memory 920. The processor 910 can call and run computer programs from the memory 920 to enable the communication device 900 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. The memory 920 may be a separate device independent of the processor 910, or it may be integrated into the processor 910. In one possible implementation, the communication device 900 may further include a transceiver 930, which the processor 910 can control to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it can send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 930 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 930 may further include antennas, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0496] In one possible implementation, the communication device 900 may be the first device or the second device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 900 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device or the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0497] It should be understood that the sequence number of each process in the various embodiments of this application does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method performed by a first device, comprising: A sensing signal is generated by scrambling a reference signal sequence using a scrambling sequence. Send the sensing signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate the sensing signal includes: The reference signal sequence is scrambled based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence. The sensing signal is generated based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence includes: The scrambled reference signal sequence is obtained by performing an XOR operation on the scrambled sequence and the reference signal sequence.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, The step of generating the sensing signal based on the scrambled reference signal sequence includes: Based on the scrambled reference signal sequence, orthogonal phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation is performed to generate modulation symbols; The modulation symbols are mapped onto the corresponding time-frequency resources to generate the sensing signal.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate the sensing signal includes: The scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence are used to scramble the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence with the scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the sensing signal includes: The scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence is multiplied by the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the sensing signal.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising: The scrambling symbol is generated by performing QPSK modulation based on the scrambling sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising: Receive sensing measurement data from the second device; The sensing measurement results are calculated based on the scrambling sequence applied to the sensing measurement data.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising one of the following: The sensing measurement results are sent to the second device; Report the perception measurement results to the application server; The sensing measurement results are reported to the core network elements.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a first shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The first shared parameter includes one of the following: a first shared key, or a first higher-level parameter identifier.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The first shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The first high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, positioning reference signal (PRS) sequence identifier, and sensing identifier.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10-13, wherein, The first configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, related identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of the first device, and identifier of the second device.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10-14, wherein, The first time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols in each time slot, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol index, cyclic prefix (CP) type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10-15, further comprising one of the following: Receive at least some parameters from the second device for generating the scrambling sequence, wherein, The parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: the first shared parameter, the first time-domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter; Receive at least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence from the core network elements; Send at least some of the parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the second device.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein, The length of the scrambling sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits; the length of the reference signal sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

18. The method according to claim 9 or 16, wherein, The core network elements include one of the following: sensing function, sensing key management function, access and mobility management function (AMF), location management function (LMF), authentication server function (AUSF), and unified data management (UDM).

19. The method according to any one of claims 8-18, wherein, The first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device; or, the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal.

20. A communication method performed by a second device, comprising: The echo signal of the sensing signal is received, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device by scrambling a reference signal sequence based on a scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal; Based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal, sensing measurement data is obtained.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The process of obtaining sensing measurement data based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal includes: The reference signal sequence is scrambled based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulation symbols; Based on the demodulation symbols and the echo signals, sensing measurement data is obtained.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols includes: The reference signal sequence is scrambled based on the scrambling sequence to obtain a scrambled reference signal sequence. The demodulated symbols are generated based on the scrambled reference signal sequence.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to obtain the scrambled reference signal sequence includes: The scrambled reference signal sequence is obtained by performing an XOR operation on the scrambled sequence and the reference signal sequence.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate demodulated symbols includes: Based on the scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence, the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence are scrambled to generate the demodulated symbols.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The step of scrambling the reference symbols generated from the reference signal sequence with the scrambling symbols generated from the scrambling sequence to generate the demodulated symbols includes: The scrambling symbol generated by the scrambling sequence is multiplied by the reference symbol generated by the reference signal sequence to generate the demodulated symbol.

26. The method according to any one of claims 20-25, further comprising one of the following: Send the sensing measurement data to the first device; Report the sensing measurement data to the core network elements; The sensed measurement data is reported to the application server.

27. The method according to any one of claims 20-26, wherein, The sensing measurement data includes at least one of the following: raw channel information, measurement data obtained based on the raw channel information, and sensing results obtained based on the measurement data.

28. The method according to any one of claims 21-25, wherein, The initial value of the scrambling sequence is generated based on at least one of the following: a first shared parameter of the first device and the second device, a first time-domain parameter, and a first configuration parameter.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein, The first shared parameter includes one of the following: a first shared key, or a first higher-level parameter identifier.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The first shared key includes one of the following: a first key, a second key calculated based on the first key, wherein the first key includes one of the following: an access layer key, a physical layer key, a group key, and a perception key.

31. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The first high-level parameter identifier includes at least one of the following: scrambling sequence identifier, positioning reference signal (PRS) sequence identifier, and sensing identifier.

32. The method according to any one of claims 28-31, wherein, The first configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: sensing area identifier, sensing service identifier, sensing service type identifier, related identifier of sensing target, cell identifier, identifier of the first device, and identifier of the second device.

33. The method according to any one of claims 28-32, wherein, The first time-domain parameter includes at least one of the following: frame number, subframe number, time slot number, number of symbols in each time slot, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol index, cyclic prefix (CP) type, CP length, time-domain density, and duration.

34. The method according to any one of claims 28-33, further comprising one of the following: Receive at least a portion of the parameters from the first device for generating the scrambling sequence, wherein, The parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence include at least one of the following: the first shared parameter, the first time-domain parameter, and the first configuration parameter; Receive at least some of the parameters used to generate the scrambling sequence from the core network elements; Send at least some of the parameters for generating the scrambling sequence to the first device.

35. The method according to any one of claims 21-25 and 28-34, wherein, The length of the scrambling sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

36. The method according to any one of claims 20-35, wherein, The length of the reference signal sequence is greater than or equal to 31 bits.

37. The method according to claim 26 or 34, wherein, The core network elements include one of the following: sensing function, sensing key management function, access and mobility management function (AMF), location management function (LMF), authentication server function (AUSF), and unified data management (UDM).

38. The method according to any one of claims 20-37, wherein, The first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device; or, the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal.

39. A first device, comprising: The first processing unit is used to scramble the reference signal sequence based on the scrambling sequence to generate a sensing signal; The first communication unit is used to transmit the sensing signal.

40. A second device, comprising: The second communication unit is used to receive the echo signal of the sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal is generated by the first device by scrambling a reference signal sequence based on a scrambling sequence, and the echo signal of the sensing signal is obtained by the sensing target reflecting the sensing signal. The second processing unit is used to obtain sensing measurement data based on the reference signal sequence and the echo signal.

41. A first device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, and a memory for storing a computer program, the transceiver for communicating with other devices, and the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to cause the first device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

42. A second device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, and a memory for storing a computer program, the transceiver for communicating with other devices, and the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to cause the second device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 20 to 38.

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