Battery device, energy storage device, energy storage system, electric device, and charging network

Abstract

Disclosed are a battery device (100), an energy storage device (1), an energy storage system, an electric device, and a charging network. The parallel units (20) of the battery device (100) each comprise a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells (21) connected in parallel; a parallel circuit is formed between at least two pouch-shaped battery cells (21); one of thermally conductive casings (10) correspondingly accommodates the plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells (21) in one parallel unit (21); a series unit (30) comprises pouch-shaped battery cells (20) that are connected in series to form a series circuit and are respectively located in the plurality of parallel units (20); current limiting members (40) are each provided on any parallel circuit, located outside the series circuit and used for limiting the current of the corresponding parallel circuit (20).

Description

Battery devices, energy storage devices, energy storage systems, electrical devices and charging networks Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, specifically to a battery device, an energy storage device, an energy storage system, an electrical device, and a charging network. Background Technology

[0002] In pouch battery design, due to the small capacity of the pouch battery itself and the limitation of the upper limit voltage of the battery system, the battery system often adopts a design of multiple pouch batteries connected in parallel.

[0003] When a pouch cell experiences an internal short circuit, its voltage drops. Multiple pouch cells connected in parallel then short-circuit and discharge to the short-circuited cell, causing the internally short-circuited pouch cell to heat up, which may lead to a risk of battery runaway.

[0004] When a single pouch cell experiences thermal runaway, the internal active material transforms into a resistive conductor. Multiple pouch cells connected in parallel can cause short-circuit discharge to the thermally runaway pouch cell, leading to a localized temperature increase in the thermally runaway pouch cell and consequently posing a safety hazard to the entire battery system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery device, energy storage device, energy storage system, power consumption device and charging network, which can solve or alleviate the problem of excessively high local temperature in thermal runaway of battery devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery device, the battery device comprising:

[0007] Multiple heat-conducting shells;

[0008] Multiple parallel units, each parallel unit comprising multiple pouch-shaped battery cells connected in parallel, and one thermally conductive housing corresponding to accommodate multiple pouch-shaped battery cells in one parallel unit;

[0009] At least two of the pouch-shaped battery cells in the parallel unit have a parallel circuit;

[0010] A series unit, the series unit comprising the pouch-shaped battery cells connected in series and respectively located in a plurality of parallel units, wherein the circuit between two pouch-shaped battery cells located in different parallel units and connected in series is a series circuit;

[0011] Multiple current limiting devices are provided on each of the parallel circuits, and the current limiting devices are located outside the series circuits; the current limiting devices are used to limit the current magnitude of the corresponding parallel circuit.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the battery device is working normally, it discharges from the series circuit. In the event of a short circuit or thermal runaway of a single pouch battery cell, the other pouch battery cells discharge to the short-circuited or thermally runaway pouch battery cell through a current limiting device. The current limiting device limits the current of the corresponding parallel circuit, thereby preventing the local temperature of the pouch battery cell in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive housing has at least one open end face, the battery device includes a cold plate, the open end face faces the cold plate, and the thermally conductive housing is connected to the cold plate, or the pouch-shaped battery cell is connected to the cold plate for heat dissipation.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the pouch-shaped battery cell generates heat during operation and discharge, which is then transferred to the heat-conducting casing. The heat-conducting casing has an open end face, and a cold plate can contact the open end face of the pouch-shaped battery cell or the heat-conducting casing, so that the cold plate absorbs and releases the heat generated by the pouch-shaped battery cell, thereby maintaining the operating temperature of the battery device at a suitable operating temperature.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell has a gap between itself and the cold plate on the side facing the open end face, and the gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a space for accommodating the pouch-shaped battery cell is formed inside the heat-conducting housing. The heat-conducting housing is fixedly connected to the cold plate, and the pouch-shaped battery cell has a gap on the side facing the open end face. The gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive, and the pouch-shaped battery cell and the cold plate transfer heat through the thermally conductive adhesive, thereby enabling better heat dissipation of the pouch-shaped battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, a limiting portion is provided at the end of the open end face, the limiting portion protruding from the interior of the heat-conducting housing, and the limiting portion is disposed between the pouch-shaped battery cell and the open end face.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the end of the open end face has a limiting part, and the limiting part is located between the pouch-shaped battery cell and the open end face. It can be used to limit the position of the pouch-shaped battery cell and prevent the pouch-shaped battery cell from falling out of the open end face during the movement and assembly of the battery device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the thermally conductive housing includes two open end faces, each of which has a limiting portion. The pouch-shaped battery cell has a gap between itself and the cold plate on the side facing the open end face. The gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive, which is at least partially located between the two limiting portions to thermally connect the pouch-shaped battery cell on one side of the limiting portion and the cold plate on the other side of the limiting portion.

[0020] In the above technical solution, a space for accommodating pouch-shaped battery cells is formed within the heat-conducting housing. This space communicates with the outside through an opening between two open end faces, and the pouch-shaped battery cells enter the space through this opening. At least a portion of the thermally conductive adhesive fills the space between the limiting portions of the two open end faces, thereby thermally connecting the pouch-shaped battery cells and the cold plate located on both sides of the limiting portions. Thus, the pouch-shaped battery cells are in direct contact with the heat-conducting housing, and simultaneously thermally connected to the cold plate through the thermally conductive adhesive, resulting in better heat dissipation for the pouch-shaped battery cells by the heat-conducting housing and the cold plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the pouch cell includes electrode leads, the battery device includes a first connector connected to the electrode leads of the pouch cells in different parallel units to form the series circuit, and the current limiting member is connected to the electrode leads of different pouch cells in the same parallel unit to form the parallel circuit.

[0022] In the above technical solution, electrode leads are used for electrical connection between the pouch cell and the first connector and the current limiting device. The first connector connects the electrode leads of pouch cells in different parallel units to form a series circuit. The current limiting device connects the electrode leads of different pouch cells in the same parallel unit to form a parallel loop. In this way, multiple pouch cells form multiple parallel and series units. Thus, under normal operating conditions, the battery device outputs electrical energy through the series circuit formed by the first connector. In the event of a short circuit or thermal runaway of a pouch cell, the other pouch cells discharge to the short-circuited or thermally runaway pouch cell through the current limiting device. The current limiting device limits the current in the parallel loop, thereby preventing the local temperature of the pouch cell in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high.

[0023] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the current limiting element is greater than the resistance value of the first connector.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the resistance of the current-limiting component is greater than the resistance of the first connecting component. When the battery device is operating normally, current will first flow through the first connecting component, while no current will flow through the current-limiting component. Therefore, the current-limiting component has no effect on the battery device when it is operating normally.

[0025] In some embodiments, both the first connector and the current limiting member are made of conductive materials, and an insulating layer is provided between the current limiting member and the first connector.

[0026] In the above technical solution, both the first connector and the current limiting device are connected to the electrode leads of the pouch battery cell. Since the end space of the pouch battery cell is small, an insulating layer is provided between the first connector and the current limiting device to prevent them from being directly connected. This prevents the battery device from generating heat and consuming energy when the current passes through the current limiting device during normal operation.

[0027] In some embodiments, on the same pouch cell, the first connector and the current limiting member are respectively connected to different positions on the same side surface of the electrode lead, or the first connector and the current limiting member are respectively connected to different side surfaces of the electrode lead.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the first connector and the current limiting device are respectively connected to the electrode leads of the same pouch-shaped battery cell, and the first connector and the current limiting device are spatially isolated so that they are located at different positions on the same side surface of the electrode leads or connected to different side surfaces of the electrode leads, thereby avoiding direct conduction between the first connector and the current limiting device.

[0029] In some embodiments, the resistance of the current limiting element is greater than or equal to 0.2Ω (ohms), or the current limiting element is used to limit the current of the parallel circuit to less than or equal to 20A (amperes).

[0030] In the above technical solution, the current limiting device is used to limit the current in any parallel circuit to below 20A. In this way, by making the resistance of the current limiting device greater than or equal to 0.2Ω, the current in the parallel circuit can be limited to below 20A, thereby avoiding excessive local temperature of the battery device due to excessive current in the parallel circuit when the pouch battery cell is short-circuited or thermally runaway.

[0031] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the current limiting element ranges from [0.2Ω, 1000Ω].

[0032] In the above technical solution, limiting the resistance value of the current limiting component to the range of [0.2Ω, 1000Ω] can restrict the current in the parallel circuit to below 20A. However, if the resistance value of the current limiting component is too high, it may cause severe overheating. Setting the resistance value of the current limiting component within an appropriate range can better control the current in the parallel circuit and the heat generated by the current limiting component. This can prevent excessive current in the parallel circuit from causing excessively high local temperatures in the battery device when the pouch cell experiences a short circuit or thermal runaway.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell includes a body portion and electrode leads. The body portions of a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells in the same thermally conductive housing are arranged side by side along a first direction. The current limiting element is located on one side of the body portion along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the main body of the pouch-shaped battery cell is arranged side by side along the first direction, and the current limiting device is arranged on one side of the main body along the second direction. That is, multiple main bodies and multiple current limiting devices are arranged along the first direction. In this way, the current limiting device can be avoided from being sandwiched between two main bodies, which would cause the pouch-shaped battery cell to be squeezed and ruptured.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell includes an outer soft shell and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including an electrode portion and an electrode tab portion, wherein the current limiting element and the electrode portion are misaligned along the first direction.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the pouch-shaped battery cell includes an outer soft shell and an electrode assembly, with the outer soft shell used to house the electrode assembly. Along the first direction, the current-limiting element and the electrode portion are misaligned to prevent the current-limiting element from squeezing the electrode portion, which could lead to poor contact and lithium plating. Lithium plating causes an increase in the internal temperature and resistance of the battery, thus affecting the battery's capacity and discharge performance.

[0037] In some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell is any one of a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, a ternary battery cell, and a solid-state battery cell.

[0038] In the above embodiments, in the embodiments of the present application constructed as lithium iron phosphate battery cells, the reliability of the pouch battery cells can be improved and the cycle life of the pouch battery cells can be extended. In the embodiments of the present application constructed as ternary lithium battery cells, the energy density of the pouch battery cells can be improved and the driving range can be increased. In the embodiments of the present application constructed as solid-state pouch battery cells, not only the energy density can be improved, but also the reliability can be improved.

[0039] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage device that includes a plurality of battery devices as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery devices being used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0040] Thirdly, this application provides an energy storage system, which includes a power conversion device and the energy storage device described in the above embodiments, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

[0041] Fourthly, this application provides an electrical device that includes the battery device described in any of the above embodiments, the energy storage device described in the above embodiments, or the energy storage system described in the above embodiments, wherein the battery device, the energy storage device, or the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0042] Fifthly, this application provides an electrical device, which includes a charging pile and an energy storage device or an energy storage system as described in the above embodiments, wherein the energy storage device or the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0043] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network according to some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 is another exploded structural diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0052] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: Vehicle 1000; Battery device 100, controller 200, motor 300; Heat-conducting housing 10, open end face 11, limiting part 111, parallel unit 20, pouch-shaped battery cell 21, main body part 212; Series unit 30; Current limiting element 40; Cold plate 50, thermally conductive adhesive 51; First connector 60; Housing 70, first part 71, second part 72; Energy storage device 1, power conversion device 2, power generation equipment 3, charging pile 4, connector 5. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0055] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0058] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] With the rapid development of new energy technologies worldwide, power batteries, as key energy storage devices, are expanding their application scope at an unprecedented speed. They are not only an indispensable energy storage solution in renewable energy power plants such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power, but also deeply integrated into the field of electric transportation, becoming the core power source for green travel modes such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and even electric vehicles.

[0064] As a key component of new energy technologies, the application scope of power batteries is expanding daily, and market demand continues to grow. Power batteries play an indispensable role in fields such as renewable energy, electric transportation, military equipment, and aerospace.

[0065] With the development of power battery technology, there are increasingly higher requirements for the energy density of power batteries, and pouch batteries have gradually become an important application type in power batteries. The outer shell of pouch batteries uses an aluminum-plastic composite film. Due to the lightweight characteristics of the aluminum-plastic film, pouch batteries are lighter in weight for the same capacity, thus having a higher energy density.

[0066] In pouch battery design, due to the small capacity of the pouch battery itself and the limitation of the upper limit voltage of the battery system, the battery system often adopts a design of multiple pouch batteries connected in parallel.

[0067] When a pouch cell experiences an internal short circuit, its voltage drops. Multiple pouch cells connected in parallel then short-circuit and discharge to the short-circuited cell, causing the internally short-circuited pouch cell to heat up, which may lead to a risk of battery runaway.

[0068] When a single pouch cell experiences thermal runaway, the internal active material transforms into a resistive conductor. Multiple pouch cells connected in parallel can cause short-circuit discharge to the thermally runaway pouch cell, leading to a localized temperature increase in the thermally runaway pouch cell and posing a safety hazard to the entire battery system.

[0069] Based on the above considerations, in order to solve or mitigate the problem of excessively high local temperatures in thermal runaway of battery devices, this application provides a battery device, which includes:

[0070] Multiple heat-conducting shells;

[0071] Multiple parallel units, each including multiple pouch-shaped battery cells connected in parallel, and a thermally conductive housing corresponding to accommodate multiple pouch-shaped battery cells in one parallel unit;

[0072] At least two pouch-shaped battery cells in a parallel unit have a parallel circuit between them;

[0073] A series unit includes pouch-shaped battery cells that are connected in series and located in multiple parallel units respectively. The circuit between two pouch-shaped battery cells that are located in different parallel units and connected in series is a series circuit.

[0074] Multiple current limiters are provided, and current limiters are installed on any parallel circuit. Furthermore, the current limiters are located outside the series circuit. The current limiters are used to limit the current magnitude of the corresponding parallel circuit.

[0075] In such a battery device, the battery device discharges from the series circuit when it is working normally. In the event of thermal runaway of a single pouch cell, the other pouch cells discharge to the thermally runaway pouch cell through a current limiting device. The current limiting device is used to limit the current of the corresponding parallel circuit, thereby preventing the temperature of the pouch cell in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high and causing thermal runaway.

[0076] The battery apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0077] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0078] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0079] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cells housed within the housing.

[0080] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0081] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0082] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0083] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0084] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0085] The technical solutions described in this application are applicable to various electrical devices using individual battery cells, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft. This application provides an energy storage device including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. A battery cluster may include multiple battery devices, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0086] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0088] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 4, which is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 70 and an energy unit, the energy unit being housed within the housing 70. The housing 70 provides a closed space for the energy unit, and the housing 70 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 70 may include a first portion 71 and a second portion 72, the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 overlapping each other, together defining a closed space for accommodating the energy unit. The second portion 72 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 71 may be a plate-like structure, the first portion 71 covering or fastening to the open side of the second portion 72, so that the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 together define a closed space; the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 may also both be hollow structures with one open side, the open side of the first portion 71 covering or fastening to the open side of the second portion 72. Of course, the housing 70 formed by the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 and FIG6, this application provides a battery device 100, which includes a plurality of heat-conducting housings 10, a plurality of parallel units 20, a series unit 30, and a plurality of current-limiting elements 40.

[0091] The parallel unit 20 includes a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 21 connected in parallel. A heat-conducting housing 10 is provided to accommodate a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in a parallel unit 20. At least two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in the parallel unit 20 have a parallel circuit.

[0092] The series unit 30 includes pouch-shaped battery cells 21 connected in series and located in multiple parallel units 20 respectively. The circuit between two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 located in different parallel units 20 and connected in series is a series circuit.

[0093] A current limiting element 40 is provided on any parallel circuit, and the current limiting element 40 is located outside the series circuit. The current limiting element 40 is used to limit the current of the corresponding parallel circuit.

[0094] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the battery device 100 is working normally, it discharges from the series circuit. In the case of thermal runaway of the pouch battery cell 21, the other pouch battery cells 21 discharge to the thermally runaway pouch battery cell 21 through the current limiting device 40. The current limiting device 40 is used to limit the current of the corresponding parallel circuit, thereby avoiding the pouch battery cell 21 in the thermal runaway state from being too hot.

[0095] Specifically, the battery device 100 includes a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 21. As an example, the electrode assembly of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is housed in an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag, and the edge of the packaging bag can be sealed by heat pressing to form a sealed part. The electrode lead-out part extends to the outside of the packaging bag to realize the charging and discharging of the battery cell.

[0096] Since pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are not easy to assemble into groups, they usually need to be encapsulated in a rigid casing to facilitate assembly. However, equipping each pouch-shaped battery cell 21 with a single rigid casing can affect the battery assembly efficiency, space utilization, and overall capacity. Therefore, multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are usually electrically connected and encapsulated in a rigid casing, which facilitates the assembly of pouch-shaped battery cells 21 while improving the battery assembly efficiency, space utilization, and overall capacity.

[0097] Furthermore, the rigid casing is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, forming a thermally conductive casing 10. The thermally conductive casing 10 can not only house and protect the pouch-shaped battery cell 21, but also effectively conduct the heat generated inside the battery to the outside, keeping the battery within a suitable operating temperature range and improving the battery's operating efficiency and cycle life.

[0098] Optionally, the heat-conducting housing 10 includes a metal heat-conducting housing 10, such as an aluminum alloy heat-conducting housing 10, which has high strength, good thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. The aluminum alloy housing can be manufactured through processes such as extrusion and welding.

[0099] Optionally, the thermally conductive housing 10 includes a composite material thermally conductive housing 10, such as a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) thermally conductive housing 10 and a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) thermally conductive housing 10. Composite materials have lightweight, high strength and good thermal conductivity, which can further reduce the weight of the battery device 100 and improve the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0100] However, if multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are encapsulated in a heat-conducting housing 10, the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 connected in parallel are prone to internal short circuits, causing the heat of the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in a heat-conducting housing 10 to accumulate in a short time and be difficult to transfer to the outside in time, resulting in heat spread between the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in the heat-conducting housing 10, or even heat spread between different heat-conducting housings 10.

[0101] Based on the above problems, a current limiting device 40 is provided in any parallel circuit of multiple pouch battery cells 21 within a heat-conducting housing 10. This can reduce the probability of a large amount of heat being concentrated in a short time due to internal short circuits. In this way, multiple pouch battery cells 21 can be encapsulated in a heat-conducting housing 10. Furthermore, the heat-conducting housing 10 facilitates the timely dissipation of heat and reduces the probability of heat propagation between multiple pouch battery cells 21.

[0102] The parallel unit 20 includes a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 21, which are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit between at least two pouch-shaped battery cells 21. The plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in a parallel unit 20 are housed in a heat-conducting housing 10.

[0103] The series unit 30 includes pouch-shaped battery cells 21 connected in series in different parallel units 20, and the circuit between two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 connected in series is a series circuit.

[0104] The current limiting element 40 is installed in each parallel circuit to limit the current in the corresponding parallel circuit. In this way, when current flows through the parallel circuit, its current value can be less than or equal to the current value limited by the current limiting element 40.

[0105] Meanwhile, the current limiting device 40 is located outside the series circuit, and the two ends of the current limiting device 40 are at the same voltage point. Therefore, when the battery device 100 is in normal working condition, the current discharges through the series circuit and does not pass through the parallel circuit, so the current limiting device 40 has no effect on the current magnitude in the series circuit.

[0106] When an internal short circuit occurs in a pouch cell 21 in the battery device 100, the current discharges through the parallel circuit. The current limiting device 40 limits the current in the corresponding parallel circuit, thereby preventing the local temperature of the pouch cell 21 from becoming too high in the thermal runaway state.

[0107] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG6, the battery device 100 includes two parallel units 20, each parallel unit 20 including four pouch-shaped battery cells 21, the four pouch-shaped battery cells 21 being connected in parallel to form three parallel circuits. The four pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in the two parallel units 20 are connected in series in pairs to form four series paths. A current limiting element 40 is provided in each parallel circuit.

[0108] Thus, when the battery device 100 is in normal operating condition, the current discharges through the four series circuits without passing through the parallel circuit, and the current limiting device 40 has no effect on the current magnitude in the series circuits. When an internal short circuit occurs in one of the pouch-shaped battery cells 21 of the battery device 100, the other pouch-shaped battery cells 21 discharge through the parallel circuit, and the current limiting device 40 limits the current magnitude in the corresponding parallel circuit, thereby preventing the local temperature of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the heat-conducting housing 10 has at least one open end face 11, the battery device 100 includes a cold plate 50, the open end face 11 faces the cold plate 50, and the heat-conducting housing 10 is connected to the cold plate 50, or the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is connected to the cold plate 50 for heat dissipation.

[0110] In the above technical solution, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 generates heat during operation and discharge, and transfers this heat to the heat-conducting housing 10. The heat-conducting housing 10 has an open end face 11, and the cold plate 50 can contact the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 or the open end face 11 of the heat-conducting housing 10, so that the cold plate 50 absorbs and releases the heat generated by the pouch-shaped battery cell 21, thereby maintaining the operating temperature of the battery device 100 at a suitable operating temperature.

[0111] Specifically, the cold plate 50 contacts the heat-conducting housing 10 or the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 inside the heat-conducting housing 10 on the side of the open end face 11 near the heat-conducting housing 10, absorbing and releasing the heat generated by the pouch-shaped battery cell 21.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 has a gap between itself and the cold plate 50 on the side facing the open end face 11, and the gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive 51.

[0113] In the above technical solution, the heat-conducting housing 10 has a space for accommodating the pouch-shaped battery cell 21. The heat-conducting housing 10 is fixedly connected to the cold plate 50. The pouch-shaped battery cell 21 has a gap on the side facing the open end face 11, and the gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive 51. The pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and the cold plate 50 transfer heat through the thermally conductive adhesive 51, thereby enabling the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 to dissipate heat better.

[0114] Specifically, thermally conductive adhesive 51 is a single-component, thermally conductive, room-temperature curing silicone adhesive sealant. It releases low molecular weight molecules through a condensation reaction with moisture in the air, causing cross-linking and curing, thereby vulcanizing into a high-performance elastomer.

[0115] Thermally conductive adhesive 51 has excellent resistance to alternating hot and cold temperatures, aging resistance, and electrical insulation properties, as well as excellent moisture resistance, shock resistance, corona resistance, leakage resistance, and chemical resistance.

[0116] Thermally conductive adhesive 51 can be used continuously at temperatures ranging from -60 to 280°C while maintaining its performance, does not swell, and has good adhesion to most metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0117] Filling the gap between the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and the cold plate 50 with thermally conductive adhesive 51 serves two purposes: firstly, it fixes the relative position between the cold plate 50 and the pouch-shaped battery cell 21, preventing the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 from moving within the thermally conductive housing 10 and damaging the electrical connection structure of the battery device 100; secondly, it allows the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 to thermally connect to the cold plate 50, achieving better heat dissipation.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, a limiting portion 111 is provided at the end of the open end face 11. The limiting portion 111 protrudes from the interior of the heat-conducting housing 10 and is disposed between the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and the open end face 11.

[0119] In the above technical solution, the end of the open end face 11 has a limiting part 111, and the limiting part 111 is located between the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and the open end face 11. It can be used to limit the position of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and prevent the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 from falling out of the open end face 11 during the movement and assembly of the battery device 100.

[0120] Specifically, the limiting part 111 is provided at the end of the open end face 11 and protrudes toward the interior of the heat-conducting housing 10. The pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is housed inside the heat-conducting housing 10. When the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 moves toward the open end face 11 inside the heat-conducting housing 10, the limiting part 111 can block the continuous movement of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21. In this way, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 can be prevented from falling out from the open end face 11 side when the heat-conducting housing 10 containing the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is moved or assembled.

[0121] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the thermally conductive housing 10 includes two open end faces 11, each of which forms a limiting portion 111. The pouch-shaped battery cell 21 has a gap between itself and the cold plate 50 on the side facing the open end face 11. The gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive 51. The thermally conductive adhesive 51 is at least partially located between the two limiting portions 111 to thermally connect the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 located on one side of the limiting portion 111 and the cold plate 50 located on the other side of the limiting portion 111.

[0122] In the above technical solution, a space for accommodating a pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is formed within the heat-conducting housing 10. This space communicates with the outside through an opening between two open end faces 11, and the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 enters the space through this opening. At least a portion of the thermally conductive adhesive 51 fills the space between the limiting portions 111 of the two open end faces 11, thereby thermally connecting the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 and the cold plate 50 located on both sides of the limiting portions 111. Thus, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is in direct contact with the heat-conducting housing 10, and is also thermally connected to the cold plate 50 through the thermally conductive adhesive 51, resulting in better heat dissipation for the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 by the heat-conducting housing 10 and the cold plate 50.

[0123] Specifically, the heat-conducting housing 10 is U-shaped, with two open end faces 11, and an internal space for accommodating a pouch-shaped battery cell 21. The accommodating space is connected to the outside through the openings of the two open end faces 11. The pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is placed in the accommodating space through the openings. The cold plate 50 is connected to the two open end faces 11 to close the openings of the heat-conducting housing 10, thereby enclosing the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 within the accommodating space of the heat-conducting housing 10.

[0124] The heat-conducting housing 10 is bonded to the pouch-shaped battery cells 21. In the case where there are multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 inside the heat-conducting housing 10, the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction and bonded to each other to bond and fix them together, and to fix the pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in the heat-conducting housing 10.

[0125] As an example, adhesive is used to bond the thermally conductive housing 10 to the pouch cell 21 and between adjacent pouch cells 21. The adhesive may be insulating to insulate the thermally conductive housing 10 from the pouch cell 21.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the pouch battery cell 21 includes electrode leads, the battery device 100 includes a first connector 60, the first connector 60 is connected to the electrode leads of the pouch battery cells 21 in different parallel units 20 to form a series circuit, and the current limiting member 40 is connected to the electrode leads of different pouch battery cells 21 in the same parallel unit 20 to form a parallel circuit.

[0127] In the above technical solution, electrode leads are used for electrical connection between the pouch cell 21 and the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40. The first connector 60 connects the electrode leads of the pouch cells 21 in different parallel units 20 to form a series circuit. The current limiting member 40 connects the electrode leads of different pouch cells 21 in the same parallel unit 20 to form a parallel circuit. In this way, multiple pouch cells 21 form multiple parallel units 20 and series units 30.

[0128] Under normal operating conditions, the battery device 100 outputs electrical energy through the series circuit formed by the first connector 60. In the event of thermal runaway of a certain pouch battery cell 21, the other pouch battery cells 21 discharge to the thermally runaway pouch battery cell 21 through the current limiting device 40. The current limiting device 40 limits the current of the parallel circuit, thereby preventing the temperature of the pouch battery cell 21 in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high.

[0129] Specifically, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 includes electrode leads that can extend in two directions toward the soft outer casing of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21, or they can extend only toward one side of the soft outer casing of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21. In the illustrated example, the electrode leads extend in two directions toward the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 (the Y-axis direction in Figure 6).

[0130] The first connector 60 is used to connect the pouch cell 21 in two parallel units 20 in series, so as to form a series line between every two pouch cells 21 connected in series.

[0131] Optionally, the first connector 60 can be a conductive wire, directly connected to the electrode leads of the two pouch-shaped battery cells 21, realizing series connection between the two pouch-shaped battery cells 21. Under normal operation of the battery device 100, current flows in the series circuit, and the series connection formed by the wire can reduce energy loss in the series circuit.

[0132] Optionally, the electrode leads of two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 can be directly welded together to form a first connector 60. This connection method is simple, reliable, and easy to implement, while also reducing energy loss in the series circuit.

[0133] The current limiting device 40 is used to connect multiple pouch cell 21 in parallel to form a parallel circuit among the multiple pouch cell 21.

[0134] Optionally, the current limiting component 40 includes a metal structural component connected to the two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 to form a parallel circuit, and has a certain resistance value to limit the current in the parallel circuit.

[0135] Optionally, the current limiting element 40 includes a resistor directly connected to the electrode leads. The resistor with a certain resistance value is connected to the two pouch-shaped battery cells 21 to form a parallel circuit, which can limit the current in the parallel circuit.

[0136] In one embodiment, the battery device 100 includes a busbar, which includes a first connector 60 and a current limiting member 40. The first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are insulated from each other. The electrode leads of the pouch battery are connected to the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 respectively, thereby realizing the connection between the busbar and the pouch battery.

[0137] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the current limiting element 40 is greater than the resistance value of the first connector 60.

[0138] In the above technical solution, the resistance value of the current limiting component 40 is greater than the resistance value of the first connector 60. When the battery device 100 is operating normally, the current will first pass through the first connector 60, while no current will flow through the current limiting component 40. Thus, when the battery device 100 is operating normally, the current limiting component 40 has no effect on the battery device 100.

[0139] Specifically, the resistance of the current limiting component 40 is greater than that of the first connector 60. Therefore, under normal operating conditions of the battery device 100, current loss in the series circuit is minimal. In the event of thermal runaway of a single pouch cell 21, the other pouch cells 21 discharge through the current limiting component 40. In the parallel circuit, the larger resistance controls the current flowing through it, thus preventing the temperature of the pouch cell 21 in the thermal runaway state from becoming too high.

[0140] In some embodiments, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are both made of conductive materials, and an insulating layer is provided between the current limiting member 40 and the first connector 60.

[0141] In the above technical solution, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are both connected to the electrode leads of the pouch battery cell 21. Since the end space of the pouch battery cell 21 is small, an insulating layer is provided between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 to prevent them from being directly connected. This prevents the battery device 100 from generating heat and consuming energy when the current passes through the current limiting member 40 during normal operation.

[0142] Specifically, both the first connector 60 and the current limiting component 40 are made of conductive materials to achieve electrical connection between the pouch-shaped battery cells 21.

[0143] Optionally, an insulating spacer can be provided between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 as an insulating layer. The insulating spacer can be made of polyimide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyurethane foam, silicone foam, etc. The above materials have good heat resistance, insulation and certain mechanical strength to ensure the reliability of insulation between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40.

[0144] Optionally, insulation between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 can be achieved by providing an insulating coating as an insulating layer on the surfaces of the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 facing each other.

[0145] In some embodiments, on the same pouch-shaped battery cell 21, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are respectively connected to different positions on the same side surface of the electrode lead, or the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are respectively connected to different side surfaces of the electrode lead.

[0146] In the above technical solution, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are respectively connected to the electrode leads of the same pouch-shaped battery cell 21, and the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are spatially isolated, so that they are located at different positions on the same side surface of the electrode leads or connected to different side surfaces of the electrode leads, thereby avoiding direct conduction between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40.

[0147] Specifically, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are insulated from each other. In order to ensure the reliability of the insulation, the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40 are spatially isolated, which can prevent direct conduction between the first connector 60 and the current limiting member 40.

[0148] In some embodiments, the resistance of the current limiting element 40 is greater than or equal to 0.2Ω, or the current limiting element 40 is used to limit the current of the parallel circuit to less than or equal to 20A.

[0149] In the above technical solution, the current limiting element 40 is used to limit the current in any parallel circuit to below 20A. Thus, by making the resistance of the current limiting element 40 greater than or equal to 0.2Ω, the current in the parallel circuit can be limited to below 20A, thereby avoiding excessive local temperature of the battery device 100 due to excessive current in the parallel circuit caused by short circuit or thermal runaway of the pouch battery cell 21.

[0150] Specifically, the larger the resistance of the current limiting element 40, the smaller the current in the parallel circuit. In this way, the resistance of the current limiting element 40 can be controlled according to actual needs, thereby controlling the current in the parallel circuit within a reasonable range.

[0151] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the current limiting element 40 ranges from [0.2Ω, 1000Ω].

[0152] In the above technical solution, the resistance value of the current limiting component 40 is limited to the range of [0.2Ω, 1000Ω], which can limit the current in the parallel circuit to below 20A. However, if the resistance value of the current limiting component 40 is too large, it may cause the current limiting component 40 to overheat severely. Setting the resistance value of the current limiting component 40 within an appropriate range can better control the current in the parallel circuit and the heat generated by the current limiting component 40. This can prevent the local temperature of the battery device 100 from becoming too high due to excessive current in the parallel circuit when the pouch battery cell 21 is short-circuited or thermally runaway.

[0153] Specifically, if the resistance of the current limiting component 40 is too small, it cannot effectively limit the current of the parallel circuit, while if the resistance of the current limiting component 40 is too large, it may cause the current limiting component 40 to overheat.

[0154] Therefore, the resistance of the current limiting element 40 can be 0.2Ω, 1Ω, 5Ω, 10Ω, 50Ω, 100Ω, 200Ω, 500Ω, 800Ω, or 1000Ω, or any other value within the range [0.2Ω, 1000Ω]. This allows for better control of the current in the parallel circuit and the heat generated by the current limiting element 40, preventing excessive current in the parallel circuit from causing excessively high local temperatures in the battery device 100.

[0155] In some embodiments, the pouch cell 21 includes a main body 212 and electrode leads. The main bodies 212 of a plurality of pouch cells 21 in the same heat-conducting housing 10 are arranged side by side along a first direction, and the current limiting member 40 is located on one side of the main body 212 along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0156] In the above technical solution, the main body 212 of the pouch battery cell 21 is arranged side by side along the first direction, and the current limiting member 40 is arranged on one side of the main body 212 along the second direction. That is, multiple main body 212 and multiple current limiting members 40 are arranged along the first direction. In this way, the current limiting member 40 can be avoided from being sandwiched between two main body 212, which would cause the pouch battery cell 21 to be squeezed and ruptured.

[0157] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the battery device 100 includes multiple parallel units 20, each of which includes multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21. The main bodies 212 of the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are arranged side by side along a first direction, and the multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit. Each parallel circuit is provided with a current limiting element 40, and the current limiting element 40 is located on one side of the main body 212 along a second direction. In this way, the current limiting element 40 can be prevented from being sandwiched between two main bodies 212. The first direction is the X-axis direction in the figure, and the second direction is the Y-axis direction in the figure.

[0158] In some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 includes an outer soft shell and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including an electrode portion and an electrode tab portion, and the current limiting member 40 and the electrode portion are misaligned along a first direction.

[0159] In the above technical solution, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 includes an outer soft shell and an electrode assembly, with the outer soft shell used to house the electrode assembly. The current-limiting element 40 and the electrode portion are misaligned along the first direction to prevent the current-limiting element 40 from squeezing the electrode portion, which could lead to poor contact and lithium plating. Lithium plating causes an increase in the internal temperature and resistance of the battery, thereby affecting the capacity and discharge performance of the battery device 100.

[0160] Specifically, the electrode assembly includes an electrode portion and a tab portion. The electrode portion is connected to the tab portion, and one end of the electrode lead is connected to the tab portion, while the other end extends out of the outer soft shell. Local compression or deformation of the electrode portion may lead to poor electrode contact, resulting in areas of poor lithium intercalation and lithium plating. Misalignment between the current limiting member 40 and the electrode portion along the first direction can prevent the current limiting member 40 from compressing the electrode portion during the movement of the battery device 100.

[0161] In one embodiment, the battery device 100 is an 80Ah (ampere-hour) ternary lithium battery with dimensions of 13.8mm × 123mm × 355mm. The battery device 100 was subjected to an internal "L"-shaped foreign object compression test according to the new version of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) safety standard for power batteries, IEC 62660-3, and the results are as follows:

[0162] In this configuration, 4P2S indicates that the battery device 100 includes two parallel units 20 connected in series. Each parallel unit 20 includes four pouch-shaped battery cells 21, which are connected in parallel to form three parallel circuits. The four pouch-shaped battery cells 21 in the two parallel units 20 are connected in series in pairs to form four series paths. A current limiting element 40 is provided in each parallel circuit.

[0163] The built-in "L"-shaped foreign object compression test is a compression test for batteries. The purpose of the test is to evaluate whether internal foreign objects in the battery device 100 will cause product performance degradation, damage, or safety hazards when subjected to external mechanical pressure. During the test, a sample of the battery device 100 to be tested is prepared, and a simulated "L"-shaped foreign object with a certain hardness and size is placed inside the battery device 100 to simulate foreign objects that may exist in real-world conditions.

[0164] In the compression test, a dedicated compression testing device is used to compress the battery or product. The direction and force of the compression should be set according to the actual usage scenario and possible stress conditions of the product. During the compression process, parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery or product are continuously monitored, as well as for any abnormal sounds, odors, or leaks.

[0165] During the test, data such as voltage changes, current fluctuations, and temperature changes of the battery device 100 are recorded, and the test results are analyzed to evaluate the impact of internal foreign objects on the battery or product performance, ultimately obtaining the above table.

[0166] In summary, by providing current limiting devices 40 in any parallel circuit of multiple pouch-shaped battery cells 21 within a heat-conducting housing 10, the probability of a large amount of heat being concentrated in a short time due to internal short circuits can be reduced.

[0167] According to some embodiments of this application, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is any one of a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, a ternary lithium battery cell, and a solid-state battery cell.

[0168] In other words, in some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is constructed as a lithium iron phosphate battery, in some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is constructed as a ternary lithium battery cell, and in some embodiments, the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is constructed as a solid-state battery cell.

[0169] Solid-state battery cells can be, but are not limited to, polymer solid-state battery cells, oxide solid-state battery cells, sulfide solid-state battery cells, halide solid-state battery cells, etc. Solid-state battery cells can also be semi-solid-state battery cells or all-solid-state battery cells.

[0170] In the above technical solutions, in the embodiments of this application that are constructed as lithium iron phosphate battery cells, the reliability of the pouch battery cells can be improved and the cycle life of the pouch battery cells can be extended. In the embodiments of this application that are constructed as ternary lithium battery cells, the energy density of the pouch battery cells can be improved and the driving range can be increased. In the embodiments of this application that are constructed as solid-state pouch battery cells, not only the energy density can be improved, but also the reliability can be improved.

[0171] According to some embodiments of this application, when the pouch battery cell 21 is a lithium iron phosphate (LiFeO4) battery cell, the ratio of positive electrode active material, positive electrode binder and positive electrode conductive agent in the positive electrode material of the pouch battery cell 21 is 96:(1-3):(1-3); when the pouch battery cell 21 is a ternary lithium battery cell, the ratio of positive electrode active material, positive electrode binder and positive electrode conductive agent in the positive electrode material of the pouch battery cell 21 is 96:(2-3):(1-2).

[0172] It is understandable that when the pouch battery cell 21 is a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, the positive electrode material of the pouch battery cell 21 has the following proportions: the positive electrode active material accounts for 96 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material; the binder accounts for 1 to 3 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material (for example, it may include but is not limited to 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3, etc.); and the conductive agent accounts for 1 to 3 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material (for example, it may include but is not limited to 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3, etc.).

[0173] For example, when the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, the positive electrode active material is LFP (which can refer to LiFePO4, i.e., lithium iron phosphate), the binder can be PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), and the conductive agent can be conductive carbon black. The ratio of LFP:PVDF:conductive carbon black can be 96:2:2, meaning that the total weight of the positive electrode active material is divided into 100 parts, with LFP accounting for 96 parts, PVDF accounting for 2 parts, and conductive carbon black also accounting for 2 parts. The weight unit of the positive electrode active material can be grams.

[0174] When the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is a ternary lithium battery cell, in the positive electrode material of the pouch-shaped battery cell 21, the positive electrode active material accounts for 96 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material, the binder accounts for 2 to 3 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material (for example, including but not limited to 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3, etc.), and the conductive agent accounts for 1 to 2 parts of the total weight of the positive electrode material (for example, including but not limited to 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, etc.). The ternary lithium battery cell can be, but is not limited to, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, etc.

[0175] For example, the ternary material of the ternary battery cell can be an octet LiNi. 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 The weight ratio of O2, positive electrode active material, binder, and conductive agent is 96:2.5:1.5, meaning the total weight of the positive electrode material is divided into 100 parts. (This refers to the octet LiNi...) 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 The composition of O2 is 96 parts, the composition of adhesive is 2.5 parts, and the composition of conductive agent is 1.5 parts.

[0176] In the above technical solutions, when the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, a high proportion of positive electrode active material means that more substances capable of electrochemical reactions can be accommodated within a limited electrode assembly. This is beneficial for increasing the capacity and energy density of the battery device 100, enabling the lithium iron phosphate battery cell to output higher power while maintaining a relatively small volume and weight, meeting the application scenarios with certain energy density requirements. Using the above-mentioned range for the amount of binder and conductive agent can reduce the cost of auxiliary materials, thereby reducing the overall cost of the battery device 100. When the pouch-shaped battery cell 21 is a ternary battery cell, due to the relatively complex structure and surface properties of ternary materials, using the above-mentioned proportions of positive electrode active material, binder, and conductive agent helps to ensure good adhesion between positive electrode active material particles and between the active material and the current collector, thereby improving the mechanical stability and integrity of the electrode assembly. This helps to reduce the risk of active material detachment and electrode pulverization during charging and discharging, and extends the cycle life of the battery device 100.

[0177] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage device 1, which includes a plurality of battery devices 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery devices 100 being used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0178] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, energy storage devices can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical devices during peak hours.

[0179] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0180] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed within the cabinet.

[0181] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0182] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device via piping to regulate the temperature of the individual battery cells.

[0183] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0184] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit for an energy storage device, used to monitor and manage the device. The central control module can monitor information such as the energy storage device's current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an Insulation Monitoring Module (IMM), a Master Battery Management Unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module.

[0185] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0186] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device.

[0187] Thirdly, this application provides an energy storage system, which includes a power conversion device 2 and an energy storage device 1 in the above embodiments, wherein the power conversion device 2 is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device 1.

[0188] The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0189] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the energy storage system may include one or more energy storage devices 1 and a power conversion system (PCS), wherein the power conversion system 2 is used to connect between the power generation device 3 and the energy storage device 1. The power generation device 3 is used to generate electrical energy, and the electrical energy generated by the power generation device 3 can be stored in the energy storage device 1 through the power conversion system 2. As an example, the power generation device 3 may specifically be a solar panel, a hydroelectric power generation device, a thermal power generation device, a wind power generation device, etc. The specific type of the power generation device 3 is not limited in this application.

[0190] Fourthly, this application provides an electrical device that includes the battery device 100 in any of the above embodiments, the energy storage device 1 in the above embodiments, or the energy storage system in the above embodiments. The battery device 100, the energy storage device 1, or the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0191] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a charging network, which includes a charging pile and an energy storage device or an energy storage system as described in the above embodiments, wherein the energy storage device or energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0192] As shown in Figure 2, the device includes a charging pile 4 and an energy storage device 1. The charging pile 4 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 1, which provides power to the charging pile 4. The charging pile 4 is electrically connected to the battery device in the energy storage device 1 via a cable, and the battery device can provide its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 4. The charging pile 4 has one or more connectors 5 for connecting to electrical devices (such as vehicles) to replenish their power.

[0193] Energy storage devices can be located inside the charging pile (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile.

[0194] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple heat-conducting shells; Multiple parallel units, each parallel unit comprising multiple pouch-shaped battery cells connected in parallel, and one thermally conductive housing corresponding to accommodate multiple pouch-shaped battery cells in one parallel unit; At least two of the pouch-shaped battery cells in the parallel unit have a parallel circuit; A series unit, the series unit comprising the pouch-shaped battery cells connected in series and respectively located in a plurality of parallel units, wherein the circuit between two pouch-shaped battery cells located in different parallel units and connected in series is a series circuit; Multiple current limiting devices are provided on each of the parallel circuits, and the current limiting devices are located outside the series circuits; the current limiting devices are used to limit the current magnitude of the corresponding parallel circuit.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermally conductive housing has at least one open end face, the battery device includes a cold plate, the open end face faces the cold plate, and the thermally conductive housing is connected to the cold plate, or the pouch-shaped battery cell is connected to the cold plate for heat dissipation.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pouch-shaped battery cell has a gap between itself and the cold plate on the side facing the open end face, and the gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive.

4. The battery device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The open end face is provided with a limiting part, which protrudes from the interior of the heat-conducting housing and is disposed between the pouch-shaped battery cell and the open end face.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thermally conductive housing includes two open end faces, each of which has a limiting portion. The pouch-shaped battery cell has a gap between itself and the cold plate on the side facing the open end face. The gap is filled with thermally conductive adhesive, which is at least partially located between the two limiting portions to thermally connect the pouch-shaped battery cell on one side of the limiting portion and the cold plate on the other side of the limiting portion.

6. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pouch-shaped battery cell includes electrode leads, and the battery device includes a first connector. The first connector is connected to the electrode leads of the pouch-shaped battery cells in different parallel units to form the series circuit. The current limiting member is connected to the electrode leads of different pouch-shaped battery cells in the same parallel unit to form the parallel circuit.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resistance value of the current limiting component is greater than the resistance value of the first connecting component.

8. The battery device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Both the first connector and the current limiting component are made of conductive materials, and an insulating layer is provided between the current limiting component and the first connector.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, On the same pouch-shaped battery cell, the first connector and the current limiting member are respectively connected to different positions on the same side surface of the electrode lead, or the first connector and the current limiting member are respectively connected to different side surfaces of the electrode lead.

10. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The resistance of the current limiting device is greater than or equal to 0.2Ω, or the current limiting device is used to limit the current of the parallel circuit to less than or equal to 20A.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The resistance value of the current limiting device ranges from [0.2Ω to 1000Ω].

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pouch-shaped battery cell includes a main body and electrode leads. The main bodies of multiple pouch-shaped battery cells in the same heat-conducting housing are arranged side by side along a first direction. The current-limiting element is located on one side of the main body along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pouch-shaped battery cell includes an outer soft shell and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes an electrode portion and an electrode tab portion. Along the first direction, the current limiting element and the electrode portion are misaligned.

14. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The pouch-shaped battery cell is any one of lithium iron phosphate battery cell, ternary battery cell, and solid-state battery cell.

15. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes a battery device according to any one of claims 1-14, the battery device being used to store or provide electrical energy.

16. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes a power conversion device and an energy storage device as described in claim 15, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

17. An electrical device, characterized in that, The electrical device includes a battery device according to any one of claims 1-14, or the electrical device includes an energy storage device according to claim 15, or the electrical device includes an energy storage system according to claim 16, wherein the battery device, the energy storage device, or the energy storage system is used to store or provide electrical energy.

18. A charging network, characterized in that, The device includes a charging pile and an energy storage device as described in claim 15 or an energy storage system as described in claim 16, wherein the energy storage device or the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

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