Emulsifier composition for use in cosmetics
A novel emulsifier composition using polyglyceryl fatty acid ester and fatty acid or alcohol stabilizes O/W emulsions with low viscosity and no soaping effect, addressing the challenges of existing emulsifiers in cosmetics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EVONIK OPERATIONS GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing emulsifiers in cosmetics face challenges in achieving both good emulsification capability and no soaping effect during application, leading to difficult formulation processes and incompatibility with low viscosity formulations like sprays.
An emulsifier composition comprising polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, fatty acid or fatty alcohol, and optionally ester or wax, with specific carbon number ranges, that stabilizes O/W emulsions with low viscosity and no soaping effect.
The composition achieves strong emulsification capability with no soaping effect, allowing for low viscosity formulations and environmental sustainability using 100% natural raw materials.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025074645-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025074645-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025074645-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
Emulsifier composition for use in cosmeticsTechnical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a novel emulsifier composition useful in O / W emulsion systems to emulsify and stabilize the system.Background art
[0002] Emulsifiers such as polyglyceryl fatty acid ester are very widely used in cosmetics for emulsifying and stabilizing the cosmetics system. It is well known in the art that emulsifier can very easily make a formulation have a soaping effect (i.e., generation of white strips or white tiny bubbles) during application although it may have a very strong emulsification capability. The soaping effect gives customers a very bad feeling. However, it is very challenging to make emulsifier have both good emulsification capability and no soaping effect at the same time.
[0003] Furthermore, it is very easy for an emulsifier to build high viscosity to emulsify and stabilize the system. High viscosity will make the preparation process difficult and make the emulsifier not applicable to some low viscosity formulations such as sprays.
[0004] It is desirable to provide an emulsifier composition with both good emulsification capability and no soaping effect during application.Summary of the invention
[0005] The invention aims to solve at least part of the problems in the art. The aim of the invention was achieved by the inventive emulsifier composition with both good emulsification capability and no soaping effect during application. The emulsifier composition of the invention preferably can achieve an O / W emulsion with low viscosity. The emulsifier composition of the invention is preferably environmentally sustainable and utilizes 100 wt. %natural raw materials.
[0006] The invention provides an emulsifier composition comprising the following components:
[0007] Component A: a polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, wherein the average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl is from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 4, the carbon number of the fatty acid chain is from 8 to 18, preferably from 10 to 14; and
[0008] Component B: a fatty acid or a fatty alcohol or a blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 40; and optionally
[0009] Component C: an ester or wax, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid group of the ester is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol group of the ester is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 40, the wax is selected from plant waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes;
[0010] wherein the amount of Component A is from 15 -95wt. %, the amount of Component B is from 5 to 85wt. %, and the amount of Component C is from 0 -70wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.
[0011] Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that in the emulsifier composition, the Component A (polyglyceryl fatty acid ester) and Component B (the fatty acid or fatty alcohol or blend of the fatty acid and fatty alcohol) act as a main emulsifier to emulsify and stabilize an emulsion system, the Component C (the ester or wax) acts as an optional co-emulsifier which helps the main emulsifier to stabilize the system. The inventors surprisingly found that the emulsifier composition comprising both Component A and Component B of the invention can achieve both good emulsification capability, and no soaping effect during application, and preferably can achieve low viscosity in an O / W emulsion using the emulsifier composition of the invention as the emulsifier.
[0012] The amount of polyglyceryl fatty acid ester is from 15 -95wt. %, for example 16 -95wt. %, such as from 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25 or 30wt. %to 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94 or 95wt. %, preferably 10-90wt. %, especially 20~90wt. %, more preferably 20-85 wt.%, even more preferably 30 -80 wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.
[0013] The amount of fatty acid or fatty alcohol or blend of the fatty acid and fatty alcohol (such as hydrolyzed wax) is from 5 -85 wt. %, such as from 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10wt. %to 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 or 85wt. %, preferably 5-80wt. %, especially 10 -80wt. %, more preferably 8-70 wt. %, even more preferably 10 -60 wt. %based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.
[0014] When a blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol is used as Component B, the blend may comprise >0 and <100 wt. %, for example, 10-90wt. %, 20-80wt. %, 30-70wt. %, 40-60wt. %, of the fatty acid and <100 and >0 wt. %, for example, 90-10wt. %, 80-20wt. %, 70-30wt. %, 60-40wt. %, of the fatty alcohol, based on the total weight of the blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol.
[0015] The amount of ester or wax is preferably 0-60 wt. %, for example, 5-60 wt. %, especially 0-50wt. %, more preferably 10 -50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.
[0016] Component A: Polyglyceryl fatty acid ester
[0017] The polyglyceryl fatty acid ester may be a polyglyceryl fatty acid mono-ester, a polyglyceryl fatty acid di-ester, and / or a polyglyceryl fatty acid tri-ester.
[0018] The average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl of the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester may be from 2 to 7, such as from 2 to 6, from 2 to 5, preferably from 2 to 4, including from 2 to 3.
[0019] The average degree of polymerization N of a polyglycerol can be determined from its hydroxyl value (OHV) as follows:
[0020] Suitable determination methods for ascertaining the hydroxyl value are those in accordance with DGF C-V 17a (53) , Ph. Eur. 2.5.3 Method A and DIN 53240.
[0021] The carbon number of the fatty acid chain of the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester is from 8 to 18, such as from 8 to 16, from 10 to 16, preferably from 10 to 14.
[0022] Examples of the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester Component A may include polyglyceryl-2 caprylate, polyglyceryl-2 caprate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-2 laurate, polyglyceryl-2 myristate, polyglyceryl-2 palmitate, polyglyceryl-2 stearate, polyglyceryl-2 isostearate, polyglyceryl-2 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-2 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-2 distearate, polyglyceryl-2 dioleate, polyglyceryl-2 oleate, polyglyceryl-2 cocoate, polyglyceryl-3 caprylate, polyglyceryl-3 caprate, polyglyceryl-3 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-3 laurate, polyglyceryl-3 myristate, polyglyceryl-3 palmitate, polyglyceryl-3 stearate, polyglyceryl-3 isostearate, polyglyceryl-3 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-3 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-3 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-3 distearate, polyglyceryl-3 dioleate, polyglyceryl-3 oleate, polyglyceryl-3 cocoate, polyglyceryl-4 caprylate, polyglyceryl-4 caprate, polyglyceryl-4 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-4 laurate, polyglyceryl-4 myristate, polyglyceryl-4 palmitate, polyglyceryl-4 stearate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-4 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-4 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-4 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-4 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-4 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-4 distearate, polyglyceryl-4 dioleate, polyglyceryl-4 oleate, polyglyceryl-4 cocoate, polyglyceryl-5 caprylate, polyglyceryl-5 caprate, polyglyceryl-5 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-5 laurate, polyglyceryl-5 myristate, polyglyceryl-5 palmitate, polyglyceryl-5 stearate, polyglyceryl-5 isostearate, polyglyceryl-5 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-5 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-5 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-5 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-5 distearate, polyglyceryl-5 dioleate, polyglyceryl-5 oleate, polyglyceryl-5 cocoate, polyglyceryl-6 caprylate, polyglyceryl-6 caprate, polyglyceryl-6 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-6 laurate, polyglyceryl-6 myristate, polyglyceryl-6 palmitate, polyglyceryl-6 stearate, polyglyceryl-6 isostearate, polyglyceryl-6 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-6 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-6 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-6 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-6 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-6 distearate, polyglyceryl-6 dioleate, polyglyceryl-6 oleate, polyglyceryl-6 cocoate, polyglyceryl-7 caprylate, polyglyceryl-7 caprate, polyglyceryl-7 sesquicaprylate, polyglyceryl-7 laurate, polyglyceryl-7 myristate, polyglyceryl-7 palmitate, polyglyceryl-7 stearate, polyglyceryl-7 isostearate, polyglyceryl-7 isopalmitate, polyglyceryl-7 sesquistearate, polyglyceryl-7 sesquiisostearate, polyglyceryl-7 sesquioleate, polyglyceryl-7 diisostearate, polyglyceryl-7 distearate, polyglyceryl-7 dioleate, polyglyceryl-7 oleate, and polyglyceryl-7 cocoate.
[0023] The preferred polyglyceryl fatty acid ester is polyglyceryl-3 cocoate, especially polyglyceryl-3 monococoate.
[0024] The polyglyceryl fatty acid ester (Component A) may be prepared by conventional methods, for example via esterification, a known synthesis in organic chemistry with adequately known process parameters and is described in standard textbooks, for example the Organikum, Wiley-VCH publishers. Polyglycerol ester syntheses specifically are described in, for example, Fette, Seifen, Anstrichm. 82, 93 (1980) or Tenside, Deterg. 23, 320 (1986) . Examples of methods for producing a polyglycerol fatty acid ester of the present invention include an esterification reaction between a polyglycerol and a fatty acid, a transesterification reaction between a polyglycerol and a fatty acid ester, and a transesterification reaction between a polyglycerol and an oil. A polyglycerol fatty acid ester is obtained by distillation purification, decolorization treatment as necessary or, depending on the case, incorporation of two or more types of polyglycerol fatty acid esters.
[0025] Component B: Fatty acid or fatty alcohol or blend of the Fatty acid and the fatty alcohol
[0026] The fatty acid of Component B may be branched or unbranched. The fatty acid of Component B may be saturated or unsaturated. The carbon number of the fatty acid of Component B of the emulsifier composition of the invention is from 12 to 50, such as from 12, 14, 16 , 18, 20, 22, 24 or 26 to 50, 48, 46, 44, 42, 40, 38, 36, 34, 32, 30 or 28, from 12 to 46, from 12 to 44, from 12 to 42, from 12 to 40, from 12 to 38, from 12 to 36, from 12 to 34, from 12 to 32, preferably from 14 to 30.
[0027] The fatty alcohol of Component B may be branched or unbranched. The fatty alcohol of Component B may be saturated or unsaturated. The carbon number of the fatty alcohol of Component B of the emulsifier composition of the invention is from 12 to 50, such as from 12, 14, 16 , 18, 20, 22, 24 or 26 to 50, 48, 46, 44, 42, 40, 38, 36, 34, 32, 30 or 28, from 12 to 46, from 12 to 44, from 12 to 42, from 12 to 40, preferably from 14 to 40, for example, from 14, 16, 18 to 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 or 40.
[0028] Examples of the fatty acid of Component B include lauric acid, tridecoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, docosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, 2-decyltetradecanoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, cerotic acid, heptacosanoic acid, octacosanoic acid, nonacosanoic acid, melissic acid, hentriacontanoic acid, dotriacontanoic acid, tritriacontanoic acid, gheddic acid, heptatriacontanoic acid, octatriacontanoic acid, nonatriacontanoic acid, tetracontanoic acid, hentetracontanoic acid, pentatetracontanoic acid, heptatetracontanoic acid, and pentacontanoic acid.
[0029] Examples of the fatty alcohol of Component B include lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol, heptadecan-1-ol, stearyl alcohol, nonadecanol, icosan-1-ol, heneicosanol, docosanol, tricosanol, tetracosanol, pentacosanol, hexacosanol, heptacosanol, octacosanol, triacontanol, dotriacontanol, psyllostearyl alcohol, inearnatyl alcohol, and hexatriacontan-1-ol.
[0030] Hydrolyzed wax may be used as Component B, which is basically a blend of fatty acid and fatty alcohol. In some embodiments, the emulsifier composition of the invention comprises a hydrolyzed wax.
[0031] The term “hydrolyzed wax” as used herein refers to a product obtained via decomposing or hydrolyzing a wax in water, which is a blend of fatty acid and fatty alcohol. The process to prepare the hydrolyzed wax is as follows: a wax is saponified in water by using an alkali (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) , then the saponified product is acidified with an acid (such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid) , finally after disposing the underlayer material through separation process, and the upper layer material is the product “hydrolyzed wax” . In the hydrolyzed wax, the carbon number of the fatty acid is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 40.
[0032] The term “wax” in the invention refers to fully hydrogenated wax, partly hydrogenated wax, and / or wax that is not hydrogenated, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0033] The hydrolyzed wax can be selected from hydrolyzed rice bran wax, hydrolyzed beewax, hydrolyzed sunflower seed wax, hydrolyzed carnauba wax, hydrolyzed candelilla wax, hydrolyzed rhus succedanea fruit wax, and hydrolyzed synthetic ester (synthetic ester is an ester synthesized by esterification reaction of fatty acid and fatty alcohol) . The preferred hydrolyzed wax is hydrolyzed rice bran wax.
[0034] Component C: Ester or wax
[0035] For the ester or wax of Component C of the emulsifier composition of the invention, the carbon number of the fatty acid group of the ester or wax is from 12 to 50, such as from 12 to 48, from 12 to 46, from 12 to 44, from 12 to 42, from 12 to 40, from 12 to 38, from 12 to 36, from 12 to 34, from 12 to 32, preferably from 14 to 30. The fatty acid group of the ester or wax may be branched or unbranched. The fatty acid group of the ester or wax may be saturated or unsaturated. The carbon number of the fatty alcohol group of the ester or wax is from 12 to 50, such as from 12 to 48, from 12 to 46, from 12 to 44, from 12 to 42, from 12 to 40, preferably from 14 to 40. The fatty alcohol group of the ester or wax may be branched or unbranched. The fatty alcohol group of the ester or wax may be saturated or unsaturated.
[0036] Examples of the ester of Component C may include lauryl laurate, myristyl laurate, myristyl myristate, myristyl stearate, isocetyl myristate, isocetyl palmitate, isocetyl stearate, cetyl laurate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl oleate, dodecyl stearate, isosteryl isosterate, isostearyl laurate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl behenate, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, tridecyl behenate, stearyl behenate, and behenyl behenate.
[0037] The wax of Component C of the emulsifier composition of the invention is selected from plant waxes such as vegetable waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes.
[0038] The wax can be selected from rice bran wax, beewax, sunflower seed wax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, rhus succedanea fruit wax, ceresin, micro-crystalline wax, and synthetic wax. The preferred wax is rice bran wax.
[0039] The emulsifier composition of the invention may further comprise 0 -30wt. %, preferably 0.01 to 29 wt. %, of other emulsifiers based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition, including but not limited to an emulsifier selected from: polyether emulisifiers (such as polyethyleneglycol-100 stearate, Steareth-20) , sucrose emulisifiers (such as sucrose cocoate) ,
[0040] sorbitan emulisifiers (such as sorbitan stearate) ,
[0041] glucoside emulisifiers (such as alkyl glucoside) , and
[0042] monoglyceride emulisifiers (such as glyceryl stearate) .
[0043] In some embodiments, the emulsifier composition comprises
[0044] A. a polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, wherein the average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl is from 2 to 4, the carbon number of the fatty acid chain is from 8 to 18, preferably from 10 to 14; and
[0045] B. a fatty acid or a fatty alcohol or a blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid is from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol is from 14 to 40; and optionally
[0046] C. an ester or wax, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid group of the ester is from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol group of the ester is from 14 to 40, the wax is selected from plant waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes;
[0047] wherein the amount of Component A is from 15 -95wt. %, the amount of Component B is from 5 -85 wt. %, and the amount of Component C is from 0 -60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.
[0048] The preparation method of the emulsifier composition of the invention can be those conventional in the field. In some embodiments, the method comprise the following steps:
[0049] 1) Blend the components of the emulsifier composition at 80 -120 ℃, and
[0050] 2) Stir the mixture of step 1) for 1 to5h.
[0051] 80 -120 ℃
[0052] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the emulsifier composition of the invention comprises the following steps:
[0053] a) Blend the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, hydrolyzed rice bran extract and ester together according to the percentage range as mentioned before at 80 -120 ℃; and
[0054] b) Stir the mixture of step 1) for 1 to 5h.
[0055] The preparation method is preferably performed under N2 atmosphere. The preferred blending temperature range is 80 -100 ℃. The preferred stirring time range is 1 -3h.
[0056] The invention further provides a liquid cosmetic composition, especially an O / W emulsion, comprising 0.01 -10wt. %, for example 1-10wt. %, especially 3-10wt. %, of the emulsifier composition of the invention, 0.01 -70wt. %, for example from 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 or 35 to 40, 45, or 50wt. %, such as 5-45wt. %, 5-44wt. %, 5-43wt. %, 5-42wt. %, 5-41wt. %, especially 7-40wt. %, of at least one oil phase component (ester oil, alkane, little amount silicane or modified silicane, sunscreen filters, and wax) , and 29.99 -95wt. %, for example 50-90wt. %, especially 54-89wt. %, of at least one water phase component. The oil phase component includes at least one oil. The water phase component includes water.
[0057] Liquid oils are preferable. The oil usually contains at least one oil. If two or more oils are comprised in oil, the different oils should have good compatibility or be compatible to each other. Examples of oils that may be used in the composition of the invention include:
[0058] Silicone oils, for instance cyclomethicone; cyclohexasiloxane; dimethicone for example, the product sold under the name Fluid from Dow Corning.
[0059] Synthetic esters and synthetic ethers, for instance oils of formulae RaCOORb and RaORb in which Ra represents a fatty acid residue containing from 8 to 29 carbon atoms and Rb represents a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon-based chain containing from 3-30 carbon atoms, such as, for example, diethylhexyl carbonate, C12-15 alkyl benzoate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate; polyol esters, for instance propylene glycol dioctanote;
[0060] Hydrocarbon-based oils of animal and / or plant origin, plant origin oils such as liquid triglycerides of fatty acids preferably containing from 8-30 carbon atoms, such as 4-10 carbon atoms, for instance castor oil, corn oi, jojoba oil, avocado oil, caprylic / capric acid triglycerides and so on; and
[0061] Linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin, such as, isohexadecane, mineral oil.
[0062] Examples of synthetic esters may be caprylic / capric triglyceride ( CT MB) , ethylhexyl palmitate ( OP MB) , cetyl ethylhexanoate ( CO) , all commercially available from Evonik Industries AG.
[0063] The oil can further comprise other compatible ingredients, including but not limited to, for instance, emollient, such as PPG-14 butyl ether (e.g. PBE from Evonik Industries AG) ; hair-conditioning compound, such as palmitamidopropyltrimonium chloride (e.g., PATC from Evonik Industries AG) ; skin feel modifiers, such as dimethicone / vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer (and) silica (Dow 9701) ; stabilizers, such as hydrophobic fumed silica (e.g. R 812 from Evonik Industries AG) .
[0064] The emulsion according to the invention can comprise e.g. at least one additional component selected from the group of
[0065] emollients,
[0066] emulsifiers,
[0067] thickeners / viscosity regulators / stabilizers,
[0068] UV light protection filters,
[0069] antioxidants,
[0070] hydrotropes (or polyols) ,
[0071] solids and fillers,
[0072] film formers,
[0073] pearlescence additives,
[0074] deodorant and antiperspirant active ingredients,
[0075] insect repellents,
[0076] self-tanning agents,
[0077] preservatives,
[0078] conditioners,
[0079] perfumes,
[0080] dyes,
[0081] pigment,
[0082] odour absorbers,
[0083] cosmetic active ingredients,
[0084] care additives,
[0085] superfatting agents,
[0086] solvents.
[0087] Substances which can be used as exemplary representatives of the individual groups are known to the person skilled in the art and can be found for example in the German application DE 102008001788.4. This patent application is herewith incorporated as reference and thus forms part of the disclosure.
[0088] As regards further optional components and the amounts of these components used, reference is made expressly to the relevant handbooks known to the person skilled in the art, e.g. K. Schrader, “Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika [Fundamentals and Formulations of Cosmetics] ” , 2nd edition, pages 329 to 341, Hüthig Buch Verlag Heidelberg.
[0089] The invention further provides a cosmetic product, comprising the emulsifier composition of the invention, or the O / W emulsion of the invention.
[0090] The cosmetic product of the invention includes but is not limited to cosmetic product for skin care, sunscreen and color cosmetics. The cosmetic product may comprise a package such as a bottle, jar, tube in addition to the O / W emulsion, or the emulsifier composition of the invention of the invention.
[0091] The invention further provide use of the emulsifier composition of the invention in preparation of an O / W emulsion, especially with good emulsification capability, and no soaping effect during application, and preferably low viscosity.
[0092] As used herein, the term “no soaping effect during application” preferably refers to after applying the emulsion on the skin according to the soaping effect test described in the description, there is no visible white strips on the skin observed with naked eyes, and there is less than 10 bubbles under a microscopic (Nikon, ECLIPSE Ni-U, cover glass 18*18mm, × 200 times) view .
[0093] The emulsifier composition of the invention has a stronger emulsification capability, and a very strong emulsification capability for oil (and can emulsify wide ranges of oil contents) . In addition, the emulsions prepared by the emulsifier composition of the invention have no or minimum soaping effect during application. The viscosity of emulsion prepared by the emulsifier composition of the invention is much lower than those prepared by conventional emulsifiers. The emulsifier composition of the invention can build low viscosity formulation and the emulsification stability of the formulation is also very good. The emulsifier composition of the invention can be environmentally sustainable and may utilize 100 wt. %natural raw materials.
[0094] Other advantages of the present invention would be apparent for a person skilled in the art upon reading the specification.Detailed description of the invention
[0095] The invention is now described in detail by the following examples. The scope of the invention should not be limited to the embodiments of the examples.
[0096] Materials
[0097] The following materials were used in the examples.
[0098] Table 1 Commercial materials used in the examples
[0099] Methods
[0100] The emulsions in the description were prepared according to the method as follows,
[0101] (1) Heat phase A to 80 ℃ and phase B to 80℃;
[0102] (2) Add phase A to phase B with stirring;
[0103] (3) Homogenize for 3 min; and
[0104] (4) If phase C or D need to be added, cool the mixture obtained in step (3) with gentle stirring to 40 ℃, then add phase C or D and stir well.
[0105] For visual analysis microphotographs of emulsion samples were taken by using a microscope (Nikon, ECLIPSE Ni-U) , the size of cover glass was 18mm× 18mm; for soaping effect test, the magnification was 200, and for the emulsion particle size observation, the magnification was 400.
[0106] The viscosity of the prepared emulsions was measured with the measurement using Brookfield RVDV-I.
[0107] The pH value of emulsion sample was tested by a pH meter at room temperature.
[0108] The stability test of emulsion used the following protocol:
[0109] 45℃ 3 months: keep the emulsion sample at 45℃ for 3 months, then observe the sample state. If it is still uniform and has no phase separation, it means that the high temperature stability is passed, otherwise it is not passed.
[0110] 4℃ 3 months: keep the emulsion sample at 4℃ for 3 months, then observe the sample state. If it is still uniform and has no phase separation, it means that the medium temperature stability is passed, otherwise it is not passed.
[0111] 50℃ 1 month: keep the emulsion sample at 50℃ for 1 month, then observe the sample state. If it is still uniform and has no phase separation, it means that the high temperature stability is passed, otherwise it is not passed.
[0112] -15℃ freeze cycle: one freeze cycle includes: keeping the emulsion sample at -15℃for 24 h, then heating to 25℃ and keeping for 12h; repeat this cycle for three times; then observe the sample state. If it is still uniform and has no phase separation, it means that the low temperature stability is passed, otherwise it is not passed.
[0113] -25℃ freeze cycle: one freeze cycle includes: keeping the emulsion sample at -25℃for 24 h, then heating to 25℃ and keeping for 12h; repeat this cycle totally for three times; then observe the sample state. If it is still uniform and has no phase separation, it means that the low temperature stability is passed, otherwise it is not passed.
[0114] The soaping effect test in the description used the following protocol:
[0115] a) take about 0.03g emulsion sample on a specific area (2cm*5cm, marked with purple points) of forearm, apply it back and forth 25 times within 10s on the forearm, then take a photo of it. More white residue on forearm means more severe soaping; b) take a sample from the forearm with a spatula, put it on a microscope slide, cover it with a cover glass, and observe the amount and size of bubbles with a microscope (Nikon, ECLIPSE Ni-U, cover glass 18mm× 18mm, ×200 times) , then take a photo of it by using the microscope.
[0116] More bubbles or finer bubbles mean more severe soaping. No soaping effect during application means that there is no visible white strips on the skin observed with naked eyes, and there is less than 10 bubbles when using a microscope (× 200 times) to watch the residue on the microscopic level.
[0117] Examples 1-14
[0118] Using emulsifier compositions 1 to 14 as listed in Table 2 respectively, O / W emulsions of Examples 1 to 14 were prepared according to the formulations as described in Table 3.
[0119] Table 2: formulation of emulsifier compositions 1-21
[0120] Table 3: formulation of O / W emulsions
[0121] The polyglyceryl-3 cocoate, hydrolyzed rice bran wax and rice bran wax used above were all environmentally sustainable and 100 wt. %natural raw materials.
[0122] For polyglyceryl-3 cocoate, the average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl was 3, the carbon number of the fatty acid chain was from 8 to 18, and it was a mono ester. The polyglyceryl-3 cocoate in the examples was prepared in accordance with ordinary methods by esterification of polyglycerin-3 and coconut acid.
[0123] For the hydrolyzed rice bran wax, it consisted of fatty acid and fatty alcohol, the carbon number of the fatty acid was from 16 to 24, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol was from 18 to 32.
[0124] The hydrolyzed rice bran wax was prepared according to the method as follows:
[0125] a) Add 150g rice bran wax and 65g water into a reactor,
[0126] b) Heat to 85℃, and add 20g 50wt. %sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the reactor,
[0127] c) Heat to 100℃, and keep 100℃ for about 3h,
[0128] d) Add 35g 30wt. %hydrochloric acid into the reactor, and stir for 0.5h, and
[0129] e) Transfer the material into a separating funnel, dispose the underlayer of the material, and discharge the upper layer material which is the product.
[0130] Comparative Examples 1-7
[0131] Using emulsifier compositions 15 to 21 as listed in Table 2 respectively, O / W emulsions of Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were prepared according to the formulation as described in Table 3.
[0132] The appearances of emulsions of Examples 1~14 (E1~E14) were all very uniform and without any phase separation, but those of emulsions of Comparative Examples 1~7 (CE1~CE7) were all turbid, with phase separation.
[0133] In the emulsions of Comparative Examples 1, 3~6, most oil phases were very weakly emulsified by the emulsifier compositions 15, 17-20. Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 7 had the same phenomenon. The emulsification capability of emulsifier compositions 15-17 showed that Component A, or Component B, or Component C alone did not have a good emulsification capability. The emulsification capability of emulsifier compositions 19-20 showed that emulsifier compositions comprising only Component A and Component C did not have a good emulsification capability. The emulsification capability of emulsifier compositions 18 and 21 showed that emulsifier compositions comprising Component A, and Component B and optionally Component C did not have a good emulsification capability if the amounts were out of the ranges of the invention.
[0134] By contrast, the emulsifier compositions of Examples 1~8, 10~14 surprisingly showed much better emulsification capability. The particle sizes of emulsions of Examples 1~8, 10~14 were all very uniform and smaller. The particle size of emulsion of Example 9 had the same phenomenon.
[0135] It means that the emulsification capability of emulsifier compositions 1~14 were much stronger than that of emulsifier compositions 15~21.
[0136] Emulsification Capability Test:
[0137] O / W emulsions of Examples 15-18 were prepared and tested for emulsifying different amount of oil.
[0138] Examples 15-18
[0139] Using the emulsifier composition 6, O / W emulsions of Examples 15-18 were prepared according to the formulations as described in Table 4.
[0140] As shown in Table 4, the emulsifier composition 6 could emulsify 10 wt. %~40 wt. %emollients, and the low, medium and high temperature emulsification stability of the corresponding emulsions were all very good. It demonstrates that the emulsifier composition of the invention has a very strong emulsification capability for oil and can emulsify wide ranges of oil contents.
[0141] Table 4: formulations of O / W emulsions of Examples 15-18
[0142] Viscosity and Stability Test:
[0143] O / W emulsions of Examples 19-20 and Comparative Examples 8-11 were prepared and tested for viscosity and stability.
[0144] Example 19
[0145] Using emulsifier composition 6, O / W emulsion of Example 19 was prepared, according to the formulation as described in Table 5.
[0146] Table 5
[0147] Comparative Examples 8-10
[0148] Using NC MB (Polyglyceryl-3 Distearate; Glyceryl Stearate Citrate) , Care PS3 (Polyglyceryl-3 Distearate) , Care 450 MB (Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate) , respectively, O / W emulsions of Comparative Examples 8~10 were prepared according to the formulations as described in Table 5.
[0149] As shown in Table 5, by comparing the stability test results of Example 19 and Comparative Examples 8-10, it was clear that the emulsifier composition 6, NC MB, Care PS3, and Care 450 MB all had very good low, medium and high temperature emulsification stability. However, the viscosity of emulsion prepared by the emulsifier composition 6 was much lower than those prepared by other three commercial polyglycerol ester emulsifiers. This means that the emulsifier composition of the invention can build low viscosity formulation and the emulsification stability of it is also very good.
[0150] Example 20
[0151] Using emulsifier composition 6, O / W emulsion of Example 20 was prepared according to the formulation as described in Table 6.
[0152] Comparative Example 11
[0153] Using Care PBS 6 MB (Polyglyceryl-6 Stearate (and) Polyglyceryl-6 Behenate) , O / W emulsion of Comparative Example 11 was prepared according to the formulation as described in Table 6.
[0154] Table 6
[0155] As shown in Table 6, the viscosity of the emulsion prepared by the emulsifier composition 6 was much lower than that of the emulsion prepared by Care PBS 6 MB, although the emulsions prepared by emulsifier composition 6 and Care PBS 6 MB both had very good low, medium and high temperature emulsification stability.
[0156] Soaping effect Test
[0157] O / W emulsions of Example 21 and Comparative Examples 12-18 were prepared and tested for the soaping effect during application.
[0158] Example 21
[0159] Using emulsifier composition 6, O / W emulsion of Example 21 was prepared according to the formulation as described in Table 7.
[0160] Comparative Examples 12-18
[0161] Using seven commercial emulsifiers 1000 (Cetearyl Olivate (and) Sorbitan Olivate) , MONTANOVTM L (C14-22 Alcohols (and) C12-20 Alkyl Glucoside) , Emulium kappa 2 MB (Candelilla / Jojoba / Rice Bran Polyglyceryl-3 Esters (and) Glyceryl Stearate (and) Cetearyl Alcohol (and) Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate) , Emulium Dermolea MB (Polyglyceryl-6 Distearate (and) Candelilla / Jojoba / Rice Bran Polyglyceryl-3 Esters) , Care 450 MB (Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate) , Care PBS 6 MB (Polyglyceryl-6 Stearate (and) Polyglyceryl-6 Behenate) , and NC MB (Polyglyceryl-3 Distearate; Glyceryl Stearate Citrate) , respectively, O / W emulsions of Comparative Examples 12-18 were prepared according to the formulations as described in Table 7.
[0162] Table 7
[0163] *CE=Comparative Example
[0164] By visually comparing the soaping effect test results of Example 21 and Comparative Examples 12-18, it was very obvious and surprising that emulsion prepared by emulsifier composition 6 had the least bubbles and no soaping effect during application occurred, while other emulsions prepared by seven commercial emulsifiers all had different degrees of soaping effect and had much more bubbles. Furthermore, the viscosity of the emulsion of Example 21 was low. This showed that the emulsifier compositions of the invention had good emulsification capability, no soaping effect during application, and could be used to prepare low viscosity formulations. In the commercial emulsifiers, 1000 was the most severe soaping effect, MONTANOVTM L was the second severe soaping effect, and other five commercial emulsifiers had some soaping effect.
[0165] As used herein, terms such as “comprise (s) ” and the like as used herein are open terms meaning “including at least” unless otherwise specifically noted.
[0166] All references, tests, standards, documents, publications, etc. mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference. Where a numerical limit or range is stated, the endpoints are included. Also, all values and subranges within a numerical limit or range are specifically included as if explicitly written out.
[0167] The above description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications to the preferred embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, this invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein. Of the regard, certain embodiments within the invention may not show every benefit of the invention, considered broadly.
Claims
1.An emulsifier composition comprising:Component A: a polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, wherein the average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl is from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 4, the carbon number of the fatty acid chain is from 8 to 18, preferably from 10 to 14; andComponent B: a fatty acid or a fatty alcohol or a blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 40; and optionallyComponent C: an ester or wax, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid group of the ester is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol group of the ester is from 12 to 50, preferably from 14 to 40, the wax is selected from plant waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes;wherein the amount of Component A is from 15 -95wt. %, the amount of Component B is from 5 to 85wt. %, and the amount of Component C is from 0 -70wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.2.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester is a polyglyceryl fatty acid mono-ester, a polyglyceryl fatty acid di-ester, and / or a polyglyceryl fatty acid tri-ester, preferably polyglyceryl-3 cocoate, especially polyglyceryl-3 monococoate.3.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier composition comprises a hydrolyzed wax, which is preferably selected from hydrolyzed rice bran wax, hydrolyzed beewax, hydrolyzed sunflower seed wax, hydrolyzed carnauba wax, hydrolyzed candelilla wax, hydrolyzed rhus succedanea fruit wax, and hydrolyzed synthetic ester.4.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of polyglyceryl fatty acid ester is from 15 -90wt. %, preferably 20-85 wt. %, more preferably 30 -80 wt. %based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.5.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of fatty acid or fatty alcohol or blend of the fatty acid and fatty alcohol is from 5-80wt. %, preferably 8-70 wt. %, more preferably 10-60 wt. %based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.6.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of ester or wax is 0-60 wt. %, preferably 10 wt. %-50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.7.The emulsifier composition of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier composition comprises:Component A: a polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, wherein the average degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl is from 2 to 4, the carbon number of the fatty acid chain is from 8 to 18; andComponent B: a fatty acid or a fatty alcohol or a blend of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid is from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol is from 14 to 40; and optionallyComponent C: an ester or wax, wherein the carbon number of the fatty acid group of the ester is from 14 to 30, and the carbon number of the fatty alcohol group of the ester is from 14 to 40, the wax is selected from plant waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes;wherein the amount of Component A is from 15 -95wt. %, the amount of Component B is from 5 -85 wt. %, and the amount of Component C is from 0 -60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the emulsifier composition.8.A liquid cosmetic composition, especially an O / W emulsion, comprising the emulsifier composition according to any one of claims 1-7, at least one oil phase component, and at least one water phase component.9.A cosmetic product, comprising the emulsifier composition according to any one of claims 1-7, or the O / W emulsion according to claim 8.10.Use of the emulsifier composition according to any one of claims 1-7 in preparation of an O / W emulsion, especially with good emulsification capability, and no soaping effect during application, and preferably low viscosity.