Optical apparatus, imaging apparatus, and electronic device
The optical apparatus achieves a long optical path length through multiple reflections, allowing for a compact imaging apparatus with a large image sensor and telephoto lens, addressing the challenge of size increase in high-performance camera devices.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
The challenge is to create a compact optical apparatus with a long optical path length to support high-performance camera functions without increasing the size of the imaging apparatus, particularly for devices with large image sensors and telephoto lenses.
The optical apparatus employs multiple reflection modules, including a first and second reflection module, configured for total reflections and reflections within each module, achieving a total of six reflections to extend the optical path length without enlarging the apparatus size.
This design allows for a compact imaging apparatus with a long focal length and large image sensor, maintaining a field of view of 38 degrees or less, while preventing the apparatus from increasing in size, thus enabling high-performance camera functionality.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025074747_30072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
OPTICAL APPARATUS, IMAGING APPARATUS, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of this application relate to an optical apparatus, an imaging apparatus and an electronic device.BACKGROUND
[0002] An electronic device such as a smartphone and a tablet is equipped with a camera function. The camera function is implemented by an imaging apparatus in the electronic device. The imaging apparatus includes an optical apparatus having optical elements such as lenses, prisms, or the like, and an image sensor such as a charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor, a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, or the like.
[0003] With increasing demands for a higher performance camera function, the imaging apparatus is equipped with a large image sensor. Also, with expanding use of the camera function, there are demands for the imaging apparatus having a telephoto lens with a long focal length. As a size of the image sensor increases, a longer optical path length is required for the optical apparatus. Also, a longer focal length requires a longer optical path length for the optical apparatus.
[0004] In general, the longer optical path length makes the size of the optical apparatus, so that the size of the imaging apparatus increases. Thus, there are demands for a compact optical apparatus having a long optical path length to implement a high-performance camera function while suppressing the increase in the size of the imaging apparatus.SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of this application provide an optical apparatus having a reduced size and a long optical path length, an imaging apparatus having the optical apparatus, and an electronic device equipped with the imaging apparatus.
[0006] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an optical apparatus. The optical apparatus includes: at least one lens; a first reflection module disposed such that light after passing through the at least one lens is incident on the first reflection module; and a second reflection module disposed such that light outgoing from the first reflection module is incident on the second reflection module.
[0007] The first reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the first reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the first reflection module. The second reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the second reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second reflection module.
[0008] Optionally, the optical apparatus may further include: a bending module configured to bend a path of light incident on the bending module from an object side. In this case, the at least one lens is disposed such that light outgoing from the bending module is incident on the at least one lens.
[0009] In the optical apparatus according to the first aspect, reflection of totally six times are achieved in the first reflection module and the second reflection module, thereby ensuring a long optical path length without increasing a size of the optical apparatus. Thus, a compact imaging apparatus having the long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus according to the first aspect. For example, the imaging apparatus with a field of view (FOV) of 38 degrees or less or 30 degrees or less may be implemented while suppressing the increase in the size of the imaging apparatus. In addition, it may be possible to implement the imaging apparatus having a large image sensor while suppressing the increase in the size of the imaging apparatus. Therefore, a high-performance camera function may be implemented by using the optical apparatus of the first aspect, without increasing the size of the imaging apparatus.
[0010] In some possible implementation, the first reflection module is configured such that light entering the first reflection module is reflected three times inside the first reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection. Also, the second reflection module is configured such that light entering the second reflection module is reflected three times inside the second reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection. A reflective surface of the first reflection module may have a reflective coating, and a reflective surface of the second reflection module may have a reflective coating. Optionally, the first reflection module and the second reflection module may be prisms, and the bending module may be a prism or a mirror.
[0011] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an imaging apparatus. The imaging apparatus includes: an optical apparatus and an image sensor. The optical apparatus includes: at least one lens; a first reflection module disposed such that light after passing through the at least one lens is incident on the first reflection module; and a second reflection module disposed such that light outgoing from the first reflection module is incident on the second reflection module.
[0012] The first reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the first reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the first reflection module. The second reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the second reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second reflection module. The image sensor is disposed such that light outgoing from the optical device is received by the image sensor.
[0013] Optionally, the optical apparatus may further include: a bending module configured to bend a path of light incident on the bending module from an object side. In this case, the at least one lens is disposed such that light outgoing from the bending module is incident on the at least one lens.
[0014] In the imaging apparatus according to the second aspect, reflection of totally six times are achieved in the first reflection module and the second reflection module of the optical apparatus, thereby ensuring a long optical path length without increasing a size of the optical apparatus. Thus, a compact imaging device having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus. For example, the imaging apparatus with a field of view (FOV) of 38 degrees or less or 30 degrees or less may be implemented while suppressing the increase in the size of the imaging apparatus. In addition, it is possible to implement the imaging apparatus having a large image sensor while suppressing the increase in the size of the imaging apparatus. Therefore, a high-performance camera function may be implemented by using the imaging apparatus of the second aspect, without increasing the size of the imaging apparatus.
[0015] In some possible implementation, the first reflection module is configured such that light entering the first reflection module is reflected three times inside the first reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection. Also, the second reflection module is configured such that light entering the second reflection module is reflected three times inside the second reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection. A reflective surface of the first reflection module may have a reflective coating, and a reflective surface of the second reflection module may have a reflective coating.
[0016] In some possible implementation, the imaging apparatus may include: a focusing mechanism configured to perform focusing by moving some or all of the at least one lens along its optical axis.
[0017] In some possible implementation, the imaging apparatus may include: a first optical image stabilization OIS mechanism configured to perform an OIS by tilting the bending module. Optionally, the first OIS mechanism may be further configured to perform the OIS by tilting the bending module together with one or more lenses disposed on an object side and / or an image side of the bending module. Alternatively, the imaging apparatus may include a second OIS mechanism configured to perform the OIS by shifting the image sensor, or may include a third OIS mechanism configured to perform the OIS by shifting some or all of the at least one lens.
[0018] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an electronic device including: the imaging apparatus according to any one of the second aspect or the possible implementations of the second aspect. Similarly to the second aspect, a high-performance camera function may be implemented without increasing the size of the electronic device by applying the technical solution of the third aspect.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an optical apparatus according to a first implementation of this application;
[0020] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0021] FIG. 2A shows a table describing parameters related to arrangement and a structure of each optical element in the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0022] FIG. 2B shows a table describing lens parameters of aspherical lenses in the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0023] FIG. 3A is a diagram showing spherical aberration characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0024] FIG. 3B is a diagram showing astigmatic characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0025] FIG. 3C is a diagram showing distortion characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the first implementation of this application;
[0026] FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an optical apparatus according to a second implementation of this application.
[0027] FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0028] FIG. 5A shows a table describing parameters related to arrangement and a structure of each optical element in the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0029] FIG. 5B shows a table describing lens parameters of aspherical lenses in the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0030] FIG. 6A is a diagram showing spherical aberration characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0031] FIG. 6B is a diagram showing astigmatic characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0032] FIG. 6C is a diagram showing distortion characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the second implementation of this application;
[0033] FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an optical apparatus according to a third implementation of this application;
[0034] FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application;
[0035] FIG. 8A shows a table describing parameters related to arrangement and a structure of each optical element in the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application;
[0036] FIG. 8B shows a table describing lens parameters of aspherical lenses in the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application;
[0037] FIG. 9A is a diagram showing spherical aberration characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application;
[0038] FIG. 9B is a diagram showing astigmatic characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application;
[0039] FIG. 9C is a diagram showing distortion characteristics of the optical apparatus according to the third implementation of this application; and
[0040] FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing a structure of an electronic device according to any implementation of this application.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0041] The following describes the technical solutions in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application.
[0042] It should be noted that, in this application, the term like as an "example" or "for example" is used to represent giving an example, an illustration, or a description. Any embodiment or design solution described by using as the "example" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design solution. To be precise, the term like as the "example" or "for example" is intended to present a related concept in a specific manner.
[0043] It should be noted that in the following description, "at least one" means one or more, and "aplurality of" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" describes an association relationship between associated objects, and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects. At least one of the following items (pieces) or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, at least one of a, b and c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b and c each may be singular or plural.
[0044] In addition, unless otherwise stated, ordinal terms such as "first" and "second" used in this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not intended to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance degrees of the plurality of objects.
[0045] Following describes a first implementation of this application.
[0046] With reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, a structure of an optical apparatus 10 according to the first implementation will be described. FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the optical apparatus 10.
[0047] The optical apparatus 10 includes a first prism PR1, lenses L1, L2, L3, a second prism PR2 and a third prism PR3. The first prism PR1 is an example of the bending module. The second prism PR2 is an example of the first reflection module. The third prism PR3 is an example of the second reflection module.
[0048] For ease of explanation, an infrared cut filter IR and an image sensor IMG are illustrated in FIG. 1B. The infrared cut filter IR is an example of an optical filter. Instead of or in addition to the infrared cut filter IR, another optical filter may be included in the optical apparatus 10. The image sensor IMG may be a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, or the like. The optical apparatus 10 may further include an iris or the like, or may have more or less than three lenses. This is not limited herein.
[0049] Dashed line in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B represent optical paths of light entering the optical apparatus 10 from an object side. Specifically, an optical path P0 represents an optical path of light traveling via an optical axis of the lens L1. It should be noted that a section of the optical path P0 overlaps the optical axis of the lens L1 as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. The lenses L1, L2, and L3 are arranged such that optical axes of the lenses L1, L2 and L3 overlap each other. Thus, light traveling along the optical path P0 travels through the optical axes of the lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0050] For ease of explanation, a traveling direction of light incident on the first prism PR1 from an object side is referred to as a Y direction, a traveling direction of light traveling along the optical axis of the lens L1 is referred to as a X direction, and a direction perpendicular to a XY plane is referred to as a Z direction (that is corresponding to a depth direction of FIG. 1A) .
[0051] The first prism PR1 has surfaces PS11, PS12 and PS13.
[0052] As shown in FIG. 1A, the first prism PR1 is disposed such that an incident direction of light entering the first prism PR1 along the optical path P0 is perpendicular to the surface PS11 of the first prism PR1. After entering the first prism PR1, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS12.
[0053] The first prism PR1 is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS11 and the surface PS12 is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the first prism PR1 is configured such that light traveling along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS12. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS12. The optical path P0 bent at the surface PS12 overlaps with the optical axes of the lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0054] The first prism PR1 is configured such that the surface PS11 is perpendicular to the surface PS13, and the first prism PR1 is disposed such that the YZ plane is parallel to the surface PS13. Therefore, after totally reflected at the surface PS12, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS13 and passes through the surface PS13. After passing through the surface PS13 and exiting the first prism PR1, the light travels along the optical axis of the lenses L1, L2 and L3. The light traveling along the optical axis passes through the lenses L1, L2 and L3 and enters the second prism PR2.
[0055] As shown in FIG. 1B, the second prism PR2 has surfaces PS21, PS22 and PS23.
[0056] The second prism PR2 is disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L1, L2 and L3 along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS21, passes through the surface PS21, and enters the second prism PR2. After passing through the surface PS21, the light is incident on the surface PS22.
[0057] The second prism PR2 is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21 and the surface PS22 is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the second prism PR2 is configured such that light after passing through the surface PS21 along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS22. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS22. After totally reflected at the surface PS22, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS23.
[0058] The surface PS23 is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS23 is reflected at the surface PS23. After reflected at the surface PS23, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21 again.
[0059] The second prism PR2 is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21 and the surface PS23 is approximately 22.5 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS23, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21 at an angle of approximately 45 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS21 again is totally reflected at the surface PS21. At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS21. After totally reflected at the surface PS21, the light is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22 and passes through the surface PS22. The light after passing through the surface PS22 enters the third prism PR3.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 1B, the third prism PR3 has surfaces PS31, PS32 and PS33.
[0061] The third prism PR3 is disposed such that the surface PS31 is parallel to the surface PS22 of the second prism PR2. The light entering the third prism PR3 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS31 and passes through the surface PS31. After passing through the surface PS31, the light is incident on the surface PS32.
[0062] The third prism PR3 is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31 and the surface PS32 is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the third prism PR3 is configured such that light after passing through the surface PS31 along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS32. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS32. After totally reflected at the surface PS32, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS33.
[0063] The surface PS33 is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS33 is reflected at the surface PS33. After reflected at the surface PS33, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31 again.
[0064] The third prism PR3 is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31 and the surface PS33 is approximately 22.5 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS33, the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31 at an angle of approximately 45 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS31 again is totally reflected at the surface PS31. At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS31. After totally reflected at the surface PS31, the light is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32 and passes through the surface PS32. The light after passing through the surface PS32 passes through the infrared cut filter IR and is received by the image sensor IMG.
[0065] FIG. 1B shows optical paths P1 and P2 in addition to the optical path P0. Like the optical path P0, the optical paths P1 and P2 represent optical paths of light perpendicularly incident on the surface PS11 of the first prism PR1. FIG. 1B shows an auxiliary line A1-A2 that passes through a point A in FIG. 1A and that is parallel to the Z axis. Light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is totally reflected at a point on the auxiliary line A1-A2 of the surface PS12. Any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is within an optical effective range (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1. The light traveling along any optical path within the optical effective range passes through the lenses L1, L2 and L3 and enters the second prism PR2.
[0066] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the second prism PR2, the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2. The reflection of three times inside the second prism PR2 includes total reflection at the surface PS22, reflection at the surface PS23 and total reflection at the surface PS21, in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS21, the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22, passes through the surface PS22, and enters the third prism PR3.
[0067] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the third prism PR3, the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the third prism PR3. The reflection of three times inside the third prism PR3 includes total reflection at the surface PS32, reflection at the surface PS33 and total reflection at the surface PS31, in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS31, the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32, passes through the surface PS32 and the infrared cut filter IR, and enters the image sensor IMG.
[0068] As described above, the optical apparatus 10 includes: the first prism PR1 configured to bend a path of light incident on the first prism PR1 from an object side; the lenses L1, L2 and L3 disposed such that the light outgoing from the first prism PR1 is passing through the lenses L1, L2 and L3, in that order; the second prism PR2 disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L1, L2 and L3 is incident on the second prism PR2; and the third prism PR3 disposed such that the light outgoing from the second prism PR2 is incident on the third prism PR3.
[0069] The second prism PR2 is configured such that a path of the light entering the second prism PR2 is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second prism PR2. The third prism PR3 is configured such that a path of the light entering the third prism PR3 is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the third prism PR3. In this way, in the optical apparatus 10, after the optical path is bent by the first prism PR1, the light traveling along the optical path is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2 and then reflected three times inside the third prism PR3.
[0070] In the optical apparatus 10, reflection of totally six times are achieved by the second prism PR2 and the third prism PR3, thereby ensuring a long optical path length without increasing a size of the optical apparatus 10. Thus, a compact imaging device having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 10. For example, the compact imaging apparatus with a field of view (FOV) of 38 degrees or less, or a FOV of 30 degrees or less may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 10. Also, a compact imaging apparatus having a large image sensor may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 10.
[0071] Following describes optical performance of the optical apparatus 10 with reference to FIG. 2A to FIG. 3C.
[0072] Table 1-1 in FIG. 2A shows specific parameters regarding characteristics and arrangement of each element in the optical apparatus 10. A column of "Element" in Table 1-1 includes information for specifying a target element, and a column of "Surface" includes information for specifying a surface of the target element. "Enter" represents an entering (incident) surface, and "Exit" represents an exiting surface. S1 represents an object-side surface of the target element, and S2 represents an image-side surface of the target element. S1*represents an object-side curved surface of an aspherical lens, and S2*represents an image-side curved surface of the aspherical lens. In a case shown in Table 1-1, the lenses L2 and L3 are aspherical lenses. Table 1-2 in FIG. 2B shows Conic constant and high-order aspherical coefficients of each aspherical lens.
[0073] A column of "Radius" in Table 1-1 includes a radius of curvature of each curved surface. "Infinity" in the column of "Radius" indicates that a corresponding surface is a flat surface. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a lens includes information about a thickness of each curved surface of the lens along its optical axis. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a prism includes information about a distance between surfaces of the prism along the optical path P0. For example, a value corresponding to the surface PS12 in the column of "Thickness" indicates a distance between the surfaces PS12 and PS13. By the way, a negative value in the column of "Thickness" represents that a traveling direction of light traveling between the surfaces is a right direction in FIG. 1B, and an absolute value thereof indicates the distance between the surfaces.
[0074] A column of "Refractive Index" in Table 1-1 includes information about a refractive index for d-line of each corresponding element. A column of "Abbe Number" includes information about Abbe number of each corresponding element. A value in the column of "α" represents an angle between a normal line of an entering (incident) surface and a target surface. For example, a value of "α" corresponding to the surface PS22 of the second prism PR2 indicates an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21 and the surface PS22. In addition to information described above, Table 1-1 shows a refractive index and Abbe number of the infrared cut filter IR.
[0075] Optical characteristics of the optical device 10 have been evaluated based on simulation using specific parameters shown in Table 1-1 in FIG. 2A and Table 1-2 in FIG. 2B, in a case that the optical apparatus 10 has the structure shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. Results of the simulation are shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C.
[0076] FIG. 3A shows a spherical aberration characteristic of the optical apparatus 10. Specifically, FIG. 3A shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in a case that F-value is 4.06. Referring to the spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 3A, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 10 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to spherical aberration.
[0077] FIG. 3B shows an astigmatism characteristic of the optical apparatus 10. Specifically, FIG. 3B shows astigmatism curves in a tangential plane T that includes the optical axis of the lens L1, and in a sagittal plane S that is perpendicular to the tangential plane T and that does not include the optical axis of the lens L1. Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 3B, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 10 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to astigmatism.
[0078] FIG. 3C shows a distortion characteristic of the optical apparatus 10. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 3C, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 10 has a favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by using the optical apparatus 10. Thus, a high-performance compact imaging apparatus having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 10.
[0079] Following describes a second implementation of this application.
[0080] With reference to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, a structure of an optical apparatus 20 according to the second implementation will be described. FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the optical apparatus 20.
[0081] The optical apparatus 20 includes a first prism PR1', lenses L1', L2' and L3', a second prism PR2' and a third prism PR3'. The first prism PR1' is an example of the bending module. The second prism PR2' is an example of the first reflection module. The third prism PR3' is an example of the second reflection module.
[0082] For ease of explanation, an infrared cut filter IR and an image sensor IMG are illustrated in FIG. 4B. The infrared cut filter IR is an example of an optical filter. Instead of or in addition to the infrared cut filter IR, another optical filter may be included in the optical apparatus 20. The image sensor IMG may be a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, or the like. The optical apparatus 20 may further include an iris or the like, or may have more or less than three lenses. This is not limited herein.
[0083] Dashed line in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B represent optical paths of light entering the optical apparatus 20 from an object side. Specifically, an optical path P0 represents an optical path of light traveling via an optical axis of the lens L1'. It should be noted that a section of the optical path P0 overlaps the optical axis of the lens L1' as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B. The lenses L1', L2' and L3' are arranged such that optical axes of the lenses L1', L2' and L3' overlap each other. Thus, light traveling along the optical path P0 travels through the optical axes of the lenses L1', L2' and L3'.
[0084] For ease of explanation, a traveling direction of light incident on the first prism PR1'from an object side is referred to as a Y direction, a traveling direction of light traveling along the optical axis of the lens L1' is referred to as a X direction, and a direction perpendicular to a XY plane is referred to as a Z direction (that is corresponding to a depth direction of FIG. 4A) .
[0085] The first prism PR1' has surfaces PS11', PS12' and PS13'.
[0086] As shown in FIG. 4A, the first prism PR1' is disposed such that an incident direction of light entering the first prism PR1' along the optical path P0 is perpendicular to the surface PS11' of the first prism PR1'. After entering the first prism PR1', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS12'.
[0087] The first prism PR1' is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS11' and the surface PS12' is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the first prism PR1' is configured such that the light traveling along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS12'. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS12'. The optical path P0 bent at the surface PS12' overlaps with the optical axes of the lenses L1', L2' and L3'.
[0088] The first prism PR1' is configured such that the surface PS11' is perpendicular to the surface PS13', and the first prism PR1'is disposed such that the YZ plane is parallel to the surface PS13'. Therefore, after totally reflected at the surface PS12', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS13' and passes through the surface PS13'. After passing through the surface PS13' and exiting the first prism PR1', the light travels along the optical axis of the lenses L1', L2' and L3'. The light traveling along the optical axis passes through the lenses L1', L2' and L3' and enters the second prism PR2'.
[0089] As shown in FIG. 4B, the second prism PR2' has surfaces PS21', PS22' and PS23'.
[0090] The second prism PR2' is disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L1', L2' and L3' along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS21', passes through the surface PS21', and enters the second prism PR2'. After entering the second prism PR2', the light is incident on the surface PS22'.
[0091] The second prism PR2' is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21' and the surface PS22' is approximately 38 degrees. A refractive index of the second prism PR2' is configured such that the light after passing through the surface PS21' along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS22'. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 104 degrees at the surface PS22'. After totally reflected at the surface PS22', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS23'.
[0092] The surface PS23' is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS23' is reflected at the surface PS23'. After reflected at the surface PS23', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21' again.
[0093] The second prism PR2' is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21' and the surface PS23' is approximately 33 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS23', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21' at an angle of approximately 38 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS21' again is totally reflected at the surface PS21'. At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 104 degrees at the surface PS21'. After totally reflected at the surface PS21', the light is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22' and passes through the surface PS22'. The light after passing through the surface PS22' enters the third prism PR3'.
[0094] As shown in FIG. 4B, the third prism PR3' has surfaces PS31', PS32' and PS33'.
[0095] The third prism PR3' is disposed such that the surface PS31' is parallel to the surface PS22' of the second prism PR2'. The light entering the third prism PR3' is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS31' and passes through the surface PS31'. After passing through the surface PS31', the light is incident on the surface PS32'.
[0096] The third prism PR3' is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31' and the surface PS32' is approximately 38 degrees. A refractive index of the third prism PR3' is configured such that the light after passing through the surface PS31' along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS32'. Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 104 degrees at the surface PS32'. After totally reflected at the surface PS32', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS33'.
[0097] The surface PS33' is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS33' is reflected at the surface PS33'. After reflected at the surface PS33', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31' again.
[0098] The third prism PR3'is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31' and the surface PS33' is approximately 33 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS33', the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31' at an angle of approximately 38 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS31' again is totally reflected at the surface PS31'. At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 104 degrees at the surface PS31'. After totally reflected at the surface PS31', the light is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32' and passes through the surface PS32'. The light after passing through the surface PS32' passes through the infrared cut filter IR and is received by the image sensor IMG.
[0099] FIG. 4B shows optical paths P1 and P2 in addition to the optical path P0. Like the optical path P0, the optical paths P1 and P2 represent optical paths of light perpendicularly incident on the surface PS11' of the first prism PR1'. FIG. 4B shows an auxiliary line A1-A2 that passes through a point A in FIG. 4A and that is parallel to the Z axis. Light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is totally reflected at a point on the auxiliary line A1-A2 of the surface PS12'. Any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is within an optical effective range (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1'. The light traveling along any optical path within the optical effective range passes through the lenses L1', L2' and L3' and enters the second prism PR2'.
[0100] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the second prism PR2', the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2'. The reflection of three times inside the second prism PR2' includes total reflection at the surface PS22', reflection at the surface PS23' and total reflection at the surface PS21', in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS21', the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22', passes through the surface PS22', and enters the third prism PR3'.
[0101] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the third prism PR3', the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the third prism PR3'. The reflection of three times inside the third prism PR3' includes total reflection at the surface PS32', reflection at the surface PS33' and total reflection at the surface PS31', in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS31', the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32', passes through the surface PS32' and the infrared cut filter IR, and enters the image sensor IMG.
[0102] As described above, the optical apparatus 20 includes: the first prism PR1' configured to bend a path of light incident on the first prism PR1' from an object side; the lenses L1', L2' and L3' disposed such that the light outgoing from the first prism PR1' is passing through the lenses L1', L2' and L3', in that order; the second prism PR2' disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L1', L2' and L3' is incident on the second prism PR2'; and the third prism PR3' disposed such that the light outgoing from the second prism PR2' is incident on the third prism PR3'.
[0103] The second prism PR2' is configured such that a path of the light entering the second prism PR2' is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second prism PR2'. Also, the third prism PR3' is configured such that a path of the light entering the third prism PR3' is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the third prism PR3'. In this way, in the optical apparatus 20, after the optical path is bent by the first prism PR1', the light traveling along the optical path is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2' and then reflected three times inside the third prism PR3'.
[0104] In the optical apparatus 20, reflection of totally six times are achieved by the second prism PR2' and the third prism PR3', thereby ensuring a long optical path length without increasing a size of the optical apparatus 20. Thus, a compact imaging device having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 20. For example, the compact imaging apparatus with a field of view (FOV) of 38 degrees or less, or a FOV of 30 degrees or less may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 20. Also, a compact imaging apparatus having a large image sensor may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 20.
[0105] Following describes optical performance of the optical apparatus 20 with reference to FIG. 5A to FIG. 6C.
[0106] Table 2-1 in FIG. 5A shows specific parameters regarding characteristics and arrangement of each element in the optical apparatus 20. A column of "Element" in Table 2-1 includes information for specifying a target element, and a column of "Surface" includes information for specifying a surface of the target element. "Enter" represents an entering (incident) surface, and "Exit" represents an exiting surface. S1 represents an object-side surface of the target element, and S2 represents an image-side surface of the target element. S1*represents an object-side curved surface of an aspherical lens, and S2*represents an image-side curved surface of the aspherical lens. In a case shown in Table 2-1, the lenses L2' and L3' are aspherical lenses. Table 2-2 in FIG. 5B shows Conic constant and high-order aspherical coefficients of each aspherical lens.
[0107] A column of "Radius" in Table 2-1 includes a radius of curvature of each curved surface. "Infinity" in the column of "Radius" indicates that a corresponding surface is a flat surface. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a lens includes information about a thickness of each curved surface of the lens along its optical axis. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a prism includes information about a distance between surfaces of the prism along the optical path P0. For example, a value corresponding to the surface PS12' in the column of "Thickness" indicates a distance between the surfaces PS12' and PS13'. By the way, a negative value in the column of "Thickness" represents that a traveling direction of light traveling between the surfaces is a right direction in FIG. 4B, and an absolute value thereof indicates the distance between the surfaces.
[0108] A column of "Refractive Index" in Table 2-1 includes information about a refractive index for d-line of each corresponding element. A column of "Abbe Number" includes information about Abbe number of each corresponding element. A value in the column of "α" represents an angle between a normal line of an entering (incident) surface and a target surface. For example, a value of "α" corresponding to the surface PS22' of the second prism PR2' indicates an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21' and the surface PS22'. In addition to information described above, Table 2-1 shows a refractive index and Abbe number of the infrared cut filter IR.
[0109] Optical characteristics of the optical device 20 have been evaluated based on simulation using the specific parameters shown in Table 2-1 in FIG. 5A and Table 2-2 in FIG. 5B, in a case that the optical apparatus 20 has the structure shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B. Results of the simulation are shown in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C.
[0110] FIG. 6A shows a spherical aberration characteristic of the optical apparatus 20. Specifically, FIG. 6A shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in a case that F-value is 3.08. Referring to the spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 6A, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 20 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to spherical aberration.
[0111] FIG. 6B shows an astigmatism characteristic of the optical apparatus 20. Specifically, FIG. 6B shows astigmatism curves in a tangential plane T that includes the optical axis of the lens L1', and in a sagittal plane S that is perpendicular to the tangential plane T and that does not include the optical axis of the lens L1'. Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 6B, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 20 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to astigmatism.
[0112] FIG. 6C shows a distortion characteristic of the optical apparatus 20. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 6C, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 20 has a favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by using the optical apparatus 20. Thus, a high-performance compact imaging apparatus having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 20.
[0113] Following describes a third implementation of this application.
[0114] With reference to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, a structure of an optical apparatus 30 according to the third implementation of the embodiments will be described. FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the optical apparatus 30.
[0115] The optical apparatus 30 includes a first prism PR1", lenses L1", L2", L3", L4" and L5", a second prism PR2" and a third prism PR3". The first prism PR1" is an example of the bending module. The second prism PR2" is an example of the first reflection module. The third prism PR3" is an example of the second reflection module.
[0116] For ease of explanation, an infrared cut filter IR and an image sensor IMG are illustrated in FIG. 7B. The infrared cut filter IR is an example of an optical filter. Instead of or in addition to the infrared cut filter IR, another optical filter may be included in the optical apparatus 30. The image sensor IMG may be a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, or the like. The optical apparatus 30 may further include an iris or the like, or may have more or less than five lenses. This is not limited herein.
[0117] Dashed line in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B represent optical paths of light entering the optical apparatus 30 from an object side. Specifically, an optical path P0 represents an optical path of light traveling via an optical axis of the lens L1" in front of the prism PR1" and an optical axis of the lens L2" behind the prism PR1". The lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" are arranged such that optical axes of the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" overlap each other. Thus, the light traveling along the optical path P0 travels through the optical axes of the lenses L1", L2", L3", L4" and L5". It should be noted that a section of the optical path P0 overlaps the optical axis of the lens L1" or the optical axis of the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" as shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B.
[0118] For ease of explanation, a traveling direction of light incident on the lens L1" from an object side (that is, a direction along the optical axis of the lens L1") is referred to as a Y direction, a traveling direction of light traveling along the optical axis of the lens L2" is referred to as a X direction, and a direction perpendicular to a XY plane is referred to as a Z direction (that is corresponding to a depth direction of FIG. 7A) .
[0119] As shown in FIG. 7A, in the optical apparatus 30, the lens L1" is disposed on the object side of the first prism PR1". Light traveling along the optical path P0 passes through the lens L1" along the optical axis of the lens L1" and enters the first prism PR1".
[0120] The first prism PR1" has surfaces PS11", PS12" and PS13".
[0121] The first prism PR1" is disposed such that a traveling direction of the light after passing through the lens L1" along the optical path P0 is perpendicular to the surface PS11" of the first prism PR1". After entering the first prism PR1", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS12".
[0122] The first prism PR1" is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS11" and the surface PS12" is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the first prism PR1" is configured such that the light traveling along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS12". Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS12". The optical path P0 bent at the surface PS12" overlaps with the optical axes of the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5".
[0123] The first prism PR1" is configured such that the surface PS11" is perpendicular to the surface PS13", and the first prism PR1" is disposed such that the YZ plane is parallel to the surface PS13". Therefore, after totally reflected at the surface PS12", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS13" and passes through the surface PS13". After passing through the surface PS13" and exiting the first prism PR1", the light travels along the optical axis of the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5". The light traveling along the optical axis passes through the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" and enters the second prism PR2".
[0124] As shown in FIG. 7B, the second prism PR2" has surfaces PS21", PS22" and PS23".
[0125] The second prism PR2" is disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" along the optical path P0 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS21", passes through the surface PS21", and enters the second prism PR2". After passing through the surface PS21", the light is incident on the surface PS22".
[0126] The second prism PR2" is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21" and the surface PS22" is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the second prism PR2" is configured such that the light after passing through the surface PS21" along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS22". Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS22". After totally reflected at the surface PS22", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS23".
[0127] The surface PS23" is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS23" is reflected at the surface PS23". After reflected at the surface PS23", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21" again.
[0128] The second prism PR2" is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21" and the surface PS23" is approximately 22.5 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS23", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS21" at an angle of approximately 45 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS21" again is totally reflected at the surface PS21". At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS21". The light after totally reflected at the surface PS21" is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22" and passes through the surface PS22". After passing through the surface PS22", the light enters the third prism PR3".
[0129] As shown in FIG. 7B, the third prism PR3" has surfaces PS31", PS32" and PS33".
[0130] The third prism PR3" is disposed such that the surface PS31" is parallel to the surface PS22" of the second prism PR2". The light entering the third prism PR3" is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS31" and passes through the surface PS31". After passing through the surface PS31", the light is incident on the surface PS32".
[0131] The third prism PR3" is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31" and the surface PS32" is approximately 45 degrees. A refractive index of the third prism PR3" is configured such that the light after passing through the surface PS31" along the optical path P0 is totally reflected at the surface PS32". Therefore, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS32". After totally reflected at the surface PS32", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS33".
[0132] The surface PS33" is provided with an optically reflective coating. A reflective optical element that includes a metal layer such as Al or Ag, a dielectric multilayer film such as SiO2 or TiO2, or a combination thereof may be used for the optical reflective coating. The light incident on the surface PS33" is reflected at the surface PS33". After reflected at the surface PS33", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31" again.
[0133] The third prism PR3" is configured such that an angle between a normal line of the surface PS31" and the surface PS33" is approximately 22.5 degrees. After reflected at the surface PS33", the light traveling along the optical path P0 is incident on the surface PS31" at an angle of approximately 45 degrees. The light incident on the surface PS31" again is totally reflected at the surface PS31". At this time, the optical path P0 is bent by approximately 90 degrees at the surface PS31". After totally reflected at the surface PS31", the light is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32" and passes through the surface PS32". After passing through the surface PS32", the light passes through the infrared cut filter IR and is received by the image sensor IMG.
[0134] FIG. 7B shows optical paths P1 and P2 in addition to the optical path P0. Like the optical path P0, the optical paths P1 and P2 represent optical paths of light perpendicularly incident on the surface PS11" of the first prism PR1". FIG. 7B shows an auxiliary line A1-A2 that passes through a point A in FIG. 7A and that is parallel to the Z axis. Light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is totally reflected at a point on the auxiliary line A1-A2 of the surface PS12". Any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is within an optical effective range (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L2". The light traveling along any optical path within the optical effective range passes through the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5", and enters the second prism PR2".
[0135] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the second prism PR2", the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2". The reflection of three times inside the second prism PR2" includes total reflection at the surface PS22", reflection at the surface PS23" and total reflection at the surface PS21", in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS21", the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS22", passes through the surface PS22", and enters the third prism PR3".
[0136] Similarly to the light traveling along the optical path P0, after entering the third prism PR3", the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is reflected three times inside the third prism PR3". The reflection of three times inside the third prism PR3" includes total reflection at the surface PS32", reflection at the surface PS33" and total reflection at the surface PS31", in that order. After totally reflected at the surface PS31", the light traveling along any optical path between the optical paths P1 and P2 is perpendicularly incident on the surface PS32", passes through the surface PS32" and the infrared cut filter IR, and enters the image sensor IMG.
[0137] As described above, the optical apparatus 30 includes: the first prism PR1" configured to bend a path of light incident on the first prism PR1" from an object side; the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" disposed such that the light outgoing from the first prism PR1" is passing through the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5", in that order; the second prism PR2" disposed such that the light after passing through the lenses L2", L3", L4" and L5" is incident on the second prism PR2"; and the third prism PR3" disposed such that the light outgoing from the second prism PR2" is incident on the third prism PR3".
[0138] The second prism PR2" is configured such that a path of the light entering the second prism PR2" is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second prism PR2". Also, the third prism PR3" is configured such that a path of the light entering the third prism PR3" is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the third prism PR3". In this way, in the optical apparatus 30, after the optical path is bent by the first prism PR1", the light traveling along the optical path is reflected three times inside the second prism PR2", and then reflected three times inside the third prism PR3".
[0139] In the optical apparatus 30, reflection of totally six times are achieved by the second prism PR2" and the third prism PR3", thereby ensuring a long optical path length without increasing a size of the optical apparatus 30. Thus, a compact imaging device having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 30. For example, the compact imaging apparatus with a field of view (FOV) of 38 degrees or less, or a FOV of 30 degrees or less may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 30. Also, a compact imaging apparatus having a large image sensor may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 30.
[0140] Following describes optical performance of the optical apparatus 30 with reference to FIG. 8A to FIG. 9C.
[0141] Table 3-1 in FIG. 8A shows specific parameters regarding characteristics and arrangement of each element in the optical apparatus 30. A column of "Element" in Table 3-1 includes information for specifying a target element, and a column of "Surface" includes information for specifying a surface of the target element. "Enter" represents an entering (incident) surface, and "Exit" represents an exiting surface. S1 represents an object-side surface of the target element, and S2 represents an image-side surface of the target element. S1*represents an object-side curved surface of an aspherical lens, and S2*represents an image-side curved surface of the aspherical lens. In a case shown in Table 3-1, the lenses L1", L3", L4" and L5" are aspherical lenses. Table 3-2 in FIG. 8B shows Conic constant and high-order aspherical coefficients of each aspherical lens.
[0142] A column of "Radius" in Table 3-1 includes a radius of curvature of each curved surface. "Infinity" in the column of "Radius" indicates that a corresponding surface is a flat surface. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a lens includes information about a thickness of each curved surface of the lens along its optical axis. A column of "Thickness" corresponding to a prism includes information about a distance between surfaces of the prism along the optical path P0. For example, a value corresponding to the surface PS12" in the column of "Thickness" indicates a distance between the surfaces PS12" and PS13". By the way, a negative value in the column of "Thickness" represents that a traveling direction of light traveling between the surfaces is a right direction in FIG. 7B, and an absolute value thereof indicates the distance between the surfaces.
[0143] A column of "Refractive Index" in Table 3-1 includes information about a refractive index for d-line of each corresponding element. A column of "Abbe Number" includes information about Abbe number of each corresponding element. A value in the column of "α" represents an angle between a normal line of an entering (incident) surface and a target surface. For example, a value of "α" corresponding to the surface PS22" of the second prism PR2" indicates an angle between a normal line of the surface PS21" and the surface PS22". In addition to information described above, Table 3-1 shows a refractive index and Abbe number of the infrared cut filter IR.
[0144] Optical characteristics of the optical device 30 have been evaluated based on simulation using the specific parameters shown in Table 3-1 in FIG. 8A and Table 3-2 in FIG. 8B, in a case that the optical apparatus 30 has the structure shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B. Results of the simulation are shown in FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C.
[0145] FIG. 9A shows a spherical aberration characteristic of the optical apparatus 30. Specifically, FIG. 9A shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in a case that F-value is 3.7. Referring to the spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 9A, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 30 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to spherical aberration.
[0146] FIG. 9B shows an astigmatism characteristic of the optical apparatus 30. Specifically, FIG. 9B shows astigmatism curves in a tangential plane T that includes the optical axis of the lens L2", and in a sagittal plane S that is perpendicular to the tangential plane T and that does not include the optical axis of the lens L2". Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 9B, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 30 has favorable optical characteristics with respect to astigmatism.
[0147] FIG. 9C shows a distortion characteristic of the optical apparatus 30. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 9C, it may be understood that the optical apparatus 30 has a favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by using the optical apparatus 30. Thus, a high-performance compact imaging apparatus having a long focal length may be implemented by using the optical apparatus 30.
[0148] Following describes a variation of the implementations described above. Specifically, a method of replacing the first prism PR1, PR1' or PR1" with a mirror will be described. As mentioned above, each of the first prisms PR1, PR1' and PR1" shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 4A and FIG. 7A provides a function to bend the optical path P0 by approximately 90 degrees. This function may also be achieved using the mirror. For example, when arranging the mirror at a position of the surface PS12 of the first prism PR1, the mirror can bend the optical path P0 by approximately 90 degrees and change a traveling direction of light traveling in the Y direction to the X direction. The same applies to cases of the first prisms PR1' and PR1". Accordingly, each of the first prisms PR1, PR1' and PR1" may be replaced with the mirror. Such variation may fall within the technical scope of this application.
[0149] Following describes a structure of an electronic device 200 with reference to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of the electronic device 200. It should be noted that the electronic device 200 may be applied to any implementation described above.
[0150] As shown in FIG. 10, the electronic device 200 includes an imaging apparatus 201, a processing module 202 and a storage module 203. The electronic device 200 may be a smartphone, a tablet, a cellular phone, a smart watch, a wearable device, a portable game console, an in-vehicle device, an in-vehicle camera, a personal computer, a digital still camera, a digital video camera, a surveillance camera, a smart home appliance, or the like. This is not limited herein.
[0151] The imaging apparatus 201 includes an optical apparatus 211, an image sensor 212 and signal processing circuitry 213. The optical apparatus 211 corresponds to any of the optical apparatuses 10, 20 and 30 described above. The image sensor 212 corresponds to the image sensor IMG described above. The signal processing circuitry 213 is configured to perform signal processing on signals output from the image sensor 212 of the imaging apparatus 201. For example, the signal processing circuitry 213 may generate image data by performing operation such as analog to digital conversion, image quality adjustment, a combination thereof, or the like. The image quality adjustment may include at least one of brightness adjustment, white balance adjustment, sharpness adjustment, contrast adjustment, or the like. This is not limited herein.
[0152] The processing module 202 may be an integrated circuitry chip or the like that has signal processing capability. For example, the processing module 202 may be configured to perform encoding and / or decoding. The processing module 202 may include at least one processor such as a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuitry (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or a transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like.
[0153] The storage module 203 may include at least one memory such as a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM) , a programmable read-only memory (PROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) , an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , a flash memory, or the like. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM) or the like used as an external cache. In addition, the storage module 203 may include at least one storage device such as a solid state drive (SSD) , a hard disk drive (HDD) , a removable storage media, or the like.
[0154] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 201 may include: a focusing mechanism configured to perform focusing by moving some or all of the lenses in the optical apparatus 211 along its optical axis.
[0155] Further, the imaging apparatus 201 may include: an OIS mechanism configured to perform an OIS by tilting the first prism (or the mirror) . Optionally, the OIS mechanism may be configured to perform the OIS by tilting the first prism (or the mirror) together with one or more lenses disposed on an object side and / or an image side of the first prism (or the mirror) . Alternatively, the OIS mechanism may be configured to perform the OIS by shifting the image sensor 212 or may be configured to perform the OIS by shifting some or all of the lenses in the optical apparatus 211.
[0156] It should be noted that the disclosed components in the embodiments of this application may be implemented in other manners. For example, a plurality of components may be combined or integrated into another unit or module, or some features may be ignored. Some or all of the components may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve objectives of solutions of the embodiments. In addition, each of the components may exist alone physically, or two or more components are physically integrated into one unit or module.
[0157] The foregoing are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit a protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed herein shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Hence, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1.An optical apparatus comprising:at least one lens;a first reflection module disposed such that light after passing through the at least one lens is incident on the first reflection module;a second reflection module disposed such that light outgoing from the first reflection module is incident on the second reflection module;wherein the first reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the first reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the first reflection module; andwherein the second reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the second reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second reflection module.2.The optical apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:a bending module configured to bend a path of light incident on the bending module from an object side; andwherein the at least one lens is disposed such that light outgoing from the bending module is incident on the at least one lens.3.The optical apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, whereinthe first reflection module is configured such that light entering the first reflection module is reflected three times inside the first reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection; andthe second reflection module is configured such that light entering the second reflection module is reflected three times inside the second reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection.4.The optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a field of view FOV of the optical apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 38 degrees.5.The optical apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a field of view FOV of the optical apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 30 degrees.6.The optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, whereina reflective surface of the first reflection module has a reflective coating; anda reflective surface of the second reflection module has a reflective coating.7.The optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, whereinthe first reflection module and the second reflection module are prisms.8.The optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, whereinthe bending module is a prism or a mirror.9.An imaging apparatus comprising: an optical apparatus and an image sensor, wherein the optical apparatus comprising:at least one lens;a first reflection module disposed such that light after passing through the at least one lens is incident on the first reflection module;a second reflection module disposed such that light outgoing from the first reflection module is incident on the second reflection module;wherein the first reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the first reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the first reflection module;wherein the second reflection module is configured such that a path of light entering the second reflection module is bent through total reflection of two times and reflection once inside the second reflection module; andwherein the image sensor is disposed such that light outgoing from the optical device is received by the image sensor.10.The imaging apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the optical apparatus further comprises a bending module configured to bend a path of light incident on the bending module from an object side; andwherein the at least one lens is disposed such that light outgoing from the bending module is incident on the at least one lens.11.The imaging apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, whereinthe first reflection module is configured such that light entering the first reflection module is reflected three times inside the first reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection; andthe second reflection module is configured such that light entering the second reflection module is reflected three times inside the second reflection module in the order of total reflection, reflection and total reflection.12.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein a field of view FOV of the optical apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 38 degrees.13.The imaging apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the field of view FOV of the optical apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 30 degrees.14.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 13, whereina reflective surface of the first reflection module has a reflective coating; anda reflective surface of the second reflection module has a reflective coating.15.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 14, further comprising: a focusing mechanism configured to perform focusing by moving some or all of the at least one lens along its optical axis.16.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 15, further comprising: a first OIS mechanism configured to perform optical image stabilization OIS by tilting the bending module.17.The imaging apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the OIS mechanism is further configured to perform the OIS by tilting the bending module together with one or more lenses disposed on an object side and / or an image side of the bending module.18.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 15, further comprising: a second OIS mechanism configured to perform optical image stabilization OIS by shifting the image sensor.19.The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 15, further comprising: a third OIS mechanism configured to perform optical image stabilization OIS by shifting some or all of the at least one lens.20.An electronic device comprising:the imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 19.