Battery device and electric device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery device and an electric device. The battery device comprises battery cells, a case, and a second pressure relief mechanism. Each battery cell is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism; the case is used for accommodating the battery cells; the second pressure relief mechanism is arranged in the case; the case is provided with a collection cavity and an exhaust channel, the collection cavity is used for collecting emissions from the battery cells when the first pressure relief mechanisms are actuated, and the exhaust channel is used for communicating the collection cavity with the second pressure relief mechanism; the volume of the collection cavity is V, and the length of the exhaust channel is L1, satisfying 15 L≤V≤270 L, and 0.2 m≤L1≤20 m. The technical solution of the present application can reduce environmental pollution in the event of thermal runaway in a battery device.

Description

Battery devices and electrical appliances Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery device technology, and more specifically, to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of this sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] In the manufacturing process of battery devices, the environmental friendliness under thermal runaway conditions is a crucial issue. Therefore, how to reduce environmental pollution under thermal runaway conditions is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in battery device technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery device and an electrical device that can reduce environmental pollution in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0005] This application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, which includes a battery cell, a housing, and a second pressure relief mechanism. The battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism; the housing is used to house the battery cell; the second pressure relief mechanism is disposed within the housing; wherein the housing has a collection chamber and an exhaust channel, the collection chamber is used to collect emissions from the battery cell when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, and the exhaust channel connects the collection chamber and the second pressure relief mechanism; the volume of the collection chamber is V, and the length of the exhaust channel is L1, satisfying 15L≤V≤270L, 0.2m≤L1≤20m.

[0007] According to the battery device of this application embodiment, when the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell is discharged from the actuation part as a discharge and enters the collection chamber. It undergoes preliminary cooling in the collection chamber and then enters the exhaust channel. It is further cooled during the flow through the exhaust channel and is finally discharged to the outside of the box through the second pressure relief mechanism. When the discharge flows through the collection chamber and the exhaust channel, some solid particles in the discharge are deposited in the collection chamber and the exhaust channel due to gravity. Some gas in the discharge condenses and agglomerates into droplets, and some solid particles adhere to the droplets and remain in the collection chamber and the exhaust channel with the droplets. This reduces the content of solid particles and harmful substances in the discharge discharged to the outside of the box.

[0008] If the collection chamber is too small, the exhaust will quickly fill it, causing a rapid increase in air pressure and potentially leading to pressure buildup and seal failure. Additionally, the exhaust will remain in the chamber for a short time, resulting in poor cooling. Conversely, if the collection chamber is too large, it will hold too much air, making it prone to mixing with the exhaust and potentially causing an explosion, also leading to seal failure.

[0009] By setting the volume of the collection chamber to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, the amount of air in the collection chamber is reduced while ensuring that the emissions remain in the collection chamber for a longer period of time and that the temperature can be reduced. This reduces the risk of emissions mixing with air and causing an explosion, as well as the risk of the chamber seal failing.

[0010] If the exhaust channel is too short, the emissions will remain in the channel for a short time, resulting in poor cooling and less deposition of solid particles. If the exhaust channel is too long, the emissions will remain in the channel for too long, preventing them from being quickly discharged from the enclosure, leading to internal pressure buildup and seal failure.

[0011] By setting the length of the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box while ensuring that the exhaust has a longer residence time in the exhaust channel and is easy to cool down. This reduces the risk of the box failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0012] If the collection chamber is too large and the exhaust channel is too long, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cells cannot be effectively and promptly discharged outside the enclosure, potentially causing excessive internal pressure and sealing failure. Conversely, if the collection chamber is too small and the exhaust channel is too short, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cells cannot be effectively cooled before being discharged, resulting in significant environmental pollution. By setting the collection chamber volume to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, and setting the exhaust channel length to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the temperature of the emissions upon discharge to the outside of the enclosure can be reduced, the solid particle content in the emissions can be lowered, and environmental pollution can be reduced. Simultaneously, this facilitates pressure relief within the enclosure, preventing airtightness failure due to excessive pressure and improving the reliability of the battery system.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, 30L≤V≤210L.

[0014] When V≥30L, the emissions from the battery cells can remain in the collection chamber for a longer period of time, resulting in better cooling of the emissions. When V≤210L, the risk of explosion caused by the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and air in the emissions is further reduced, as is the risk of failure of the enclosure seal.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, 2m≤L1≤15m.

[0016] When L1≥2m, the residence time of the emissions from the battery cells in the exhaust channel is longer, which helps to improve the cooling effect of the emissions; when L1≤15m, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box, reducing the risk of box seal failure due to internal pressure buildup.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism and the air inlet of the exhaust channel is L2, which satisfies 0.1m≤L2≤0.5m.

[0018] If the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism and the inlet of the exhaust channel is too small, the emissions from the battery cells discharged when the first pressure relief mechanism is activated can easily enter the exhaust channel directly, resulting in insufficient cooling of the emissions within the collection chamber and a low cooling effect. If the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism and the inlet of the exhaust channel is too large, the emissions will remain in the collection chamber for too long, preventing them from being quickly discharged to the outside of the housing, leading to internal pressure buildup and failure of the housing seal.

[0019] By setting the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism and the air inlet of the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 0.1m and less than or equal to 0.5m, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box while ensuring that the exhaust stays in the collection chamber for a longer time and the cooling effect is good. This reduces the risk of the box seal failing due to internal pressure buildup.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.2m≤L2≤0.4m.

[0021] When L2≥0.2m, the discharge from the first pressure relief mechanism stays in the collection chamber for a longer time, allowing for a longer heat exchange time between the discharge and the air in the collection chamber, resulting in a better cooling effect for the discharge in the collection chamber. When L2≤0.4m, the risk of excessively long residence time of the discharge in the collection chamber leading to internal pressure buildup is further reduced, thereby reducing the risk of seal failure of the chamber.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the first pressure relief mechanism is offset from the air inlet of the exhaust channel.

[0023] By setting the first pressure relief mechanism and the air inlet of the exhaust channel separately, the emission material stays in the collection chamber for a longer time, which is conducive to the cooling of the emission material. This can reduce the risk that the emission material will directly enter the exhaust channel after being discharged from the battery cell, resulting in poor cooling effect of the emission material.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this application, the second pressure relief mechanism includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body has an air outlet, and the valve core is movably disposed on the valve body. The valve core is used to close or open the air outlet. The maximum moving distance of the valve core relative to the valve body is H, which satisfies 0.1mm≤H≤1mm.

[0025] If the maximum movement distance of the valve core relative to the valve body is too small, the exhaust gap of the second pressure relief mechanism will be insufficient, and the exhaust material cannot be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing, resulting in pressure buildup inside the housing and failure of the housing seal. If the maximum movement distance of the valve core relative to the valve body is too large, the exhaust material will have a lower flow velocity at the outlet when passing through the second pressure relief mechanism, resulting in slower convection between the exhaust material and the outside air, poorer cooling effect, and thus a higher temperature of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing.

[0026] By setting the maximum movement distance of the valve core relative to the valve body to greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the chamber. The exhaust flows faster at the outlet and convects with the outside air, resulting in a better cooling effect.

[0027] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.25mm ≤ H ≤ 0.85mm.

[0028] When H≥0.25mm, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the chamber, reducing the risk of the chamber seal failing due to internal pressure buildup; when H≤0.85mm, the emissions flow faster at the outlet and convect with the outside air, resulting in better cooling of the emissions.

[0029] According to some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the air outlet is S1, which satisfies 10mm. 2 ≤S1≤90mm 2 .

[0030] If the area of ​​the vent is too small, the exhaust gap will be insufficient, and the exhaust material cannot be quickly discharged to the outside of the chamber, resulting in internal pressure buildup and failure of the chamber seal. If the area of ​​the vent is too large, the exhaust material will flow slowly through the second pressure relief mechanism, resulting in slow convection between the exhaust material and the outside air, poor cooling effect, and high temperature of the exhaust material.

[0031] By setting the area of ​​the air outlet to be greater than or equal to 10mm2 and less than or equal to 90mm 2 When the exhaust gap is large enough to allow the exhaust material to be quickly discharged to the outside of the chamber, the exhaust material flows at a fast speed at the outlet and convects with the outside air, resulting in a better cooling effect.

[0032] According to some embodiments of this application, 15mm 2 ≤S1≤65mm 2 .

[0033] When S1≥15mm 2 This further enables the emissions to be quickly discharged outside the enclosure; when S1≤65mm 2 This further increases the flow speed of the emissions at the outlet, resulting in faster convection with the outside air and better cooling of the emissions after they pass through the outlet.

[0034] According to some embodiments of this application, the second pressure relief mechanism further includes an elastic element that connects the valve body and the valve core, and the elastic element is used to drive the valve core to close the air outlet.

[0035] When the battery device is in normal use, the elastic element can drive the valve core to close the vent, so that the valve core and the valve body are sealed together; when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated to discharge the discharge from the battery cell, the valve core can be opened by the discharge to relieve pressure.

[0036] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing also has an electrical cavity, in which individual battery cells are disposed, and a collection cavity is part of the electrical cavity.

[0037] By setting the collection chamber as part of the electrical cavity, the collection chamber and the battery cell are located together in the electrical cavity, which facilitates the cooling of the emissions from the battery cell within the collection chamber.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing also has an electrical cavity in which a single battery cell is disposed; the battery device also includes an isolation component, with the electrical cavity and the collection cavity located on opposite sides of the isolation component.

[0039] By separating the electrical cavity and the collection cavity with an isolation component, the impact of emissions from thermal runaway of individual battery cells on other components within the housing can be reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this application, the energy density of a single battery cell is E, which satisfies 160Wh / L≤E≤850Wh / L.

[0041] If the energy density of a single battery cell is too high, the intensity of thermal runaway will be greater, the emissions will be more violent, and severe internal pressure buildup in the enclosure can easily lead to enclosure seal failure. If the energy density of a single battery cell is too low, the intensity of thermal runaway will be lower, the emission temperature will be lower, and the pollution to the external environment will be less, requiring no additional treatment.

[0042] The energy density of a single battery cell satisfies the above relationship. While ensuring that the battery device has a high capacity, different chemical systems can be selected for the single battery cell, which facilitates the flexible design of the battery device.

[0043] According to some embodiments of this application, the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel wall is greater than or equal to 30 W / (m·K).

[0044] If the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel wall is too low, the heat exchange effect between the exhaust and the exhaust channel wall will be poor, and the cooling effect of the exhaust will be poor.

[0045] By setting the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel wall to be greater than or equal to 30 W / (m·K), the heat transfer between the exhaust and the exhaust channel wall is better, the cooling effect of the exhaust is better, and it is easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust.

[0046] According to some embodiments of this application, the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel wall is greater than or equal to 80 W / (m·K).

[0047] When the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel wall is greater than or equal to 80 W / (m·K), the heat transfer effect between the exhaust and the exhaust channel wall is further improved, the cooling effect of the exhaust is better, and it is easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust.

[0048] According to some embodiments of this application, the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust channel is D, which satisfies 0.2mm≤D≤4mm.

[0049] If the minimum thickness of the exhaust channel wall is too small, the wall is easily breached by the high-temperature exhaust, leading to seal failure. If the minimum thickness of the exhaust channel wall is too large, the heat exchange between the exhaust and the exhaust channel will be poor, resulting in poor cooling of the exhaust.

[0050] By setting the minimum thickness of the exhaust channel wall to be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm, the heat transfer effect between the exhaust material and the exhaust channel wall is better, provided that the exhaust channel wall is not easily broken by the exhaust material, and the weight of the box can be designed to be lighter.

[0051] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.8mm ≤ D ≤ 3mm.

[0052] When D≥0.8mm, the risk of the exhaust channel wall being breached by the exhaust material is further reduced; when D≤3mm, the heat transfer effect between the exhaust material and the exhaust channel wall is further improved, which makes it easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust material. At the same time, it makes the weight of the box design lighter.

[0053] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel has multiple air inlets.

[0054] By setting multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel, it is possible for emissions to enter the exhaust channel from different locations, which facilitates the rapid discharge of emissions.

[0055] According to some embodiments of this application, the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets of the exhaust channel is S2, and the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism is S3, satisfying that 0.1≤S2 / S3≤10.

[0056] If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel is too small compared to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism, the exhaust material is prone to blockage at the air inlets, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the housing, and ultimately, housing seal failure. If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel is too large compared to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism, the exhaust material cannot be sufficiently cooled in the collection chamber before quickly entering the exhaust channel, resulting in high-temperature exhaust material discharged outside the housing.

[0057] By setting the ratio of the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets of the exhaust channel to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism to be greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10, it is not only convenient for the exhaust material to cool down in the collection chamber, but also convenient for the exhaust material to enter the exhaust channel in time and be discharged to the outside of the box, reducing the risk of box seal failure caused by internal pressure buildup.

[0058] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.5 ≤ S2 / S3 ≤ 5.

[0059] When 0.5≤S2 / S3≤5, it further facilitates the cooling of the emissions in the collection chamber, further facilitates the timely entry of the emissions into the exhaust channel and discharge to the outside of the box, and reduces the risk of box seal failure caused by internal pressure buildup.

[0060] According to some embodiments of this application, 150mm 2 ≤S2≤3200mm 2 .

[0061] If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel is too small, the exhaust material is prone to blockage at the air inlets, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the chamber, and ultimately, failure of the chamber's seal. If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel is too large, the exhaust material cannot be adequately cooled within the collection chamber and will quickly enter the exhaust channel, resulting in higher temperatures of the exhaust material discharged outside the chamber.

[0062] By setting the total area of ​​multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 150mm² 2 and less than or equal to 3200mm 2 This design allows for longer residence time of emissions within the collection chamber, facilitates cooling of the emissions within the chamber, and enables timely discharge of emissions into the exhaust channel to the outside of the chamber, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup leading to chamber seal failure.

[0063] According to some embodiments of this application, 200mm 2 ≤S2≤2200mm 2 .

[0064] When S2≥200mm 2 This further facilitates the timely entry of emissions into the exhaust channel and their discharge to the outside of the enclosure, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup leading to enclosure seal failure; when S2≤2200mm 2 This further facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber, and makes it easier for the emissions to cool down in the collection chamber.

[0065] According to some embodiments of this application, 100mm 2 ≤S3≤1500mm 2 .

[0066] If the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism is too small, the corresponding total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel will be too large. This will prevent the exhaust material from being sufficiently cooled within the collection chamber, causing it to quickly enter the exhaust channel and resulting in high-temperature exhaust material exiting the casing. Conversely, if the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism is too large, the corresponding total area of ​​the multiple air inlets in the exhaust channel will be too small. This will easily cause blockage at the air inlets, hindering exhaust flow, leading to pressure buildup inside the casing, and ultimately causing the casing seal to fail.

[0067] By setting the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism to be greater than or equal to 100 mm² 2 and less than or equal to 1500mm 2 This design allows for longer residence time of emissions within the collection chamber, facilitates cooling of the emissions within the chamber, and enables timely discharge of emissions into the exhaust channel to the outside of the chamber, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup leading to chamber seal failure.

[0068] According to some embodiments of this application, 300mm 2 ≤S3≤1200mm 2 .

[0069] When S3≥300mm 2 This further facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber, allowing the emissions to cool down within the chamber; when S3≤1200mm2 This further facilitates the timely entry of emissions into the exhaust channel and their discharge to the outside of the enclosure, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup leading to enclosure seal failure.

[0070] According to some embodiments of this application, the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel is S4, which satisfies 10mm. 2 ≤S4≤90mm 2 .

[0071] If the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel is too small, the exhaust material will flow too slowly within the channel, preventing it from being discharged quickly and causing pressure buildup inside the enclosure, leading to seal failure. If the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel is too large, the exhaust material will flow too quickly, resulting in poor cooling.

[0072] By setting the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 10 mm 2 and less than or equal to 90mm 2 This design facilitates the rapid discharge of emissions into the exhaust channel and also helps the emissions cool down within the exhaust channel.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this application, 20mm 2 ≤S4≤60mm 2 .

[0074] When S4≥20mm 2 At this time, it further facilitates the rapid discharge of emissions into the exhaust channel; when S4≤60mm 2 This further facilitates the cooling of emissions within the exhaust channel.

[0075] According to some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the air inlet of the exhaust channel is S5, which satisfies 150mm. 2 ≤S5≤3200mm 2 If the air inlet area of ​​the exhaust channel is too small, the exhaust material can easily become blocked at the inlet, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the chamber, and ultimately, failure of the chamber's seal. If the air inlet area of ​​the exhaust channel is too large, the exhaust material cannot be adequately cooled within the collection chamber and will quickly enter the exhaust channel, resulting in higher temperatures of the exhaust material discharged outside the chamber.

[0076] By setting the area of ​​the air intake in the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 150mm² 2 and less than or equal to 3200mm 2 This design allows emissions to quickly enter the exhaust channel, reducing the risk of pressure buildup inside the chamber causing seal failure, and also allows emissions to remain in the collection chamber for a longer period of time, facilitating cooling of the emissions within the collection chamber.

[0077] According to some embodiments of this application, 200mm 2 ≤S5≤2200mm 2 .

[0078] When S5≥200mm 2 This further allows emissions to quickly enter the exhaust channel, reducing the risk of pressure buildup inside the enclosure leading to seal failure; when S5≤2200mm 2 This further allows the emissions to remain in the collection chamber for a longer period of time, making it easier for the emissions to cool down in the collection chamber.

[0079] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing includes a frame, the interior of which is hollow to form at least a partial exhaust channel.

[0080] By forming the exhaust channel inside the frame, the space occupied can be reduced and the space utilization rate can be improved, enabling the battery device to have a higher energy density.

[0081] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel extends circumferentially along the edge.

[0082] By extending the exhaust channel circumferentially along the frame, the exhaust channel can have a longer length, which facilitates the cooling of the exhaust material within the exhaust channel.

[0083] According to some embodiments of this application, the box includes a box body and an exhaust pipe, a collection chamber is disposed in the box body, the exhaust pipe is connected to the box body, and an exhaust channel is formed inside the exhaust pipe.

[0084] By forming an exhaust channel inside the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe and the housing body can be set separately, which facilitates processing and manufacturing.

[0085] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe is located outside the housing body, and one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the housing body.

[0086] By placing the exhaust pipe outside the enclosure, the space utilization inside the enclosure can be improved.

[0087] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe includes a plurality of pipe segments connected in sequence, and the melting point of the plurality of pipe segments decreases sequentially along the flow direction of the exhaust.

[0088] By making the melting points of multiple pipe sections decrease sequentially, the exhaust pipe can be made of different materials, which helps to reduce manufacturing costs.

[0089] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device further includes a flow-deflecting component disposed within an exhaust channel, which is used to change the flow path of emissions within the exhaust channel.

[0090] By placing the baffle within the exhaust channel, the flow path of the exhaust gases can be altered, thus facilitating a reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gases.

[0091] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device further includes a filter element disposed within an exhaust channel, the filter element being used to filter solid particles in the emissions within the exhaust channel.

[0092] By placing the filter element inside the exhaust channel, solid particles in the emissions can be filtered out, thereby reducing the pollution of the environment by the emissions.

[0093] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device further includes an adsorption component disposed within an exhaust channel, the adsorption component being used to adsorb solid particles and / or liquids in the exhaust emissions within the exhaust channel.

[0094] By placing the adsorption component inside the exhaust channel, it is possible to adsorb solid particles and / or liquids in the emissions, thereby reducing the pollution of the environment by the emissions.

[0095] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device further includes a condenser disposed within an exhaust channel, the condenser comprising condensation nuclei.

[0096] By installing condensing elements in the exhaust channel, including condensation nuclei particles, small droplets and harmful substances in the exhaust material will condense and agglomerate upon encountering the condensation nuclei particles during the process of the exhaust material passing through the exhaust channel, and settle and remain inside the exhaust channel. This helps to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device, thereby helping to reduce the environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0097] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, which includes a battery device according to any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0098] By adopting the battery device described above, it is possible to reduce emissions that pollute the environment and reduce the impact on electrical appliances and users.

[0099] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0100] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0101] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0102] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0103] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pressure relief mechanism provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0104] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0105] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wall of the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0106] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of multiple air inlets of an exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0107] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the throttling device and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0108] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the box provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0109] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0110] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0111] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0112] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the box provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0113] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0114] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the baffle component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0115] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the filter component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0116] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the adsorption component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0117] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the condenser and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0118] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the phase change component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0119] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0120] Marking Explanation: 100-Battery Unit; 10-Battery Cell; 11-First Pressure Relief Mechanism; 20-Casing; 20a-First Sub-Casing; 20b-Second Sub-Casing; 20c-Casing Body; 21-Collection Chamber; 22-Exhaust Channel; 22a-Air Inlet; 23-Electrical Chamber; 24-Frame; 25-Cover; 26-Exhaust Pipe; 261-Expanded Diameter Section; 262-Pipe Section; 27-Bottom Wall; 30-Second Pressure Relief Mechanism; 31-Valve body; 31a-Outlet; 32-Valve core; 33-Elastic element; 40-Isolation component; 50-Protective component; 51-Receiving cavity; 61-Breakflow component; 62-Filter component; 621-First filter screen; 622-Second filter screen; 63-Adsorption component; 64-Condensation component; 65-Phase change component; 66-Throttling component; 661-Gap; 200-Controller; 300-Motor; 1000-Vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0121] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0122] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0123] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0124] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0125] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0126] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

[0127] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0128] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; as an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells into a single module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0129] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cell assemblies housed within the housing.

[0130] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0131] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0132] As an example, the enclosure may include a first sub-enclosure and a second sub-enclosure. The first and second sub-enclosures are interlocked to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or shutting down; it can be sealed or not sealed. The first sub-enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0133] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0134] As an example, the housing can be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For instance, the housing's roof can be at least part of the vehicle's floor, or the housing's frame can be at least part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0135] In some embodiments, the battery device may be an energy storage device. Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0136] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged.

[0137] The battery cell may be, but is not limited to, lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc.

[0138] A single battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charging and discharging process of a single battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0139] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0140] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0141] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, it can be made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium with a silver-plated surface. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0142] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used.

[0143] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0144] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, it can be aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, or made of carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc.

[0145] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0146] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in batteries. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0147] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator membrane; any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0148] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation. The separator can be a separate component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0149] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0150] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.

[0151] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.

[0152] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a housing. The housing is used to encapsulate components such as electrode assemblies and electrolytes. The housing may be made of steel, aluminum, plastic (such as polypropylene), composite metal (such as copper-aluminum composite), or aluminum-plastic film, etc.

[0153] In some embodiments, the housing includes an end cap and a casing, the casing having an opening, and the end cap closing the opening to form a sealed space for accommodating substances such as electrode assemblies and electrolytes. The casing may have one or more openings. The end cap may also be provided one or more times.

[0154] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab of the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab or indirectly connected to the tab via an adapter. The electrode terminal can be located on the end cap or on the housing.

[0155] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the casing. The pressure relief mechanism is used to release the internal pressure of the battery cells.

[0156] As an example, a battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries.

[0157] The development of battery device technology must take into account multiple design factors, such as performance parameters like energy density, discharge capacity, and charge / discharge rate. In addition, the environmental friendliness of the battery device under thermal runaway conditions must also be considered.

[0158] In some embodiments, the battery device includes a battery cell, a housing, and a second pressure relief mechanism. The battery cell is housed within the housing and has a first pressure relief mechanism. The second pressure relief mechanism is disposed within the housing. When activated, the first pressure relief mechanism discharges emissions from the battery cell to relieve internal pressure. For example, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the first pressure relief mechanism activates to discharge high-temperature, high-pressure emissions from the battery cell. These emissions include flue gas containing solid particles such as Ni, Co, and Mn, and / or liquids. Typically, the emissions discharged when the first pressure relief mechanism is activated are directly discharged to the outside of the housing via the second pressure relief mechanism to avoid internal pressure buildup and potential safety hazards. Since the emissions from the battery cell contain harmful substances and are at a high temperature, direct discharge of these emissions to the outside of the housing via the second pressure relief mechanism could easily cause environmental pollution.

[0159] In view of this, in order to address the environmental impact of emissions from battery devices under thermal runaway conditions, embodiments of this application provide a battery device including a battery cell, a housing, and a second pressure relief mechanism. The battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism; the housing is used to house the battery cell; the second pressure relief mechanism is disposed within the housing; wherein the housing has a collection chamber and an exhaust channel, the collection chamber is used to collect emissions from the battery cell when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, and the exhaust channel connects the collection chamber and the second pressure relief mechanism; the volume of the collection chamber is V, and the length of the exhaust channel is L1, satisfying 15L≤V≤270L, 0.2m≤L1≤20m.

[0160] In this battery device, when the first pressure relief mechanism is activated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell is discharged as exhaust from the actuation point and enters the collection chamber. It undergoes preliminary cooling in the collection chamber and then enters the exhaust channel. It is further cooled as it flows through the exhaust channel and is finally discharged to the outside of the box via the second pressure relief mechanism. When the exhaust flows through the collection chamber and the exhaust channel, some solid particles in the exhaust are deposited in the collection chamber and the exhaust channel due to gravity. Some gas in the exhaust condenses and agglomerates into droplets, and some solid particles adhere to the droplets and remain in the collection chamber and the exhaust channel with the droplets. This reduces the content of solid particles and harmful substances in the exhaust discharged to the outside of the box.

[0161] If the collection chamber is too small, the exhaust will quickly fill it, causing a rapid increase in air pressure and potentially leading to pressure buildup and seal failure. Additionally, the exhaust will remain in the chamber for a short time, resulting in poor cooling. Conversely, if the collection chamber is too large, it will hold too much air, making it prone to mixing with the exhaust and potentially causing an explosion, also leading to seal failure.

[0162] By setting the volume of the collection chamber to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, the amount of air in the collection chamber is reduced while ensuring that the emissions remain in the collection chamber for a longer period of time and that the temperature can be reduced. This reduces the risk of emissions mixing with air and causing an explosion, as well as the risk of the chamber seal failing.

[0163] If the exhaust channel is too short, the emissions will remain in the channel for a short time, resulting in poor cooling and less deposition of solid particles. If the exhaust channel is too long, the emissions will remain in the channel for too long, preventing them from being quickly discharged from the enclosure, leading to internal pressure buildup and seal failure.

[0164] By setting the length of the exhaust channel to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box while ensuring that the exhaust has a longer residence time in the exhaust channel and is easy to cool down. This reduces the risk of the box failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0165] If the collection chamber is too large and the exhaust channel is too long, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cells cannot be effectively and promptly discharged outside the enclosure, potentially causing excessive internal pressure and sealing failure. Conversely, if the collection chamber is too small and the exhaust channel is too short, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cells cannot be effectively cooled before being discharged, resulting in significant environmental pollution. By setting the collection chamber volume to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, and setting the exhaust channel length to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the temperature of the emissions upon discharge to the outside of the enclosure can be reduced, the solid particle content in the emissions can be lowered, and environmental pollution can be reduced. Simultaneously, this facilitates pressure relief within the enclosure, preventing airtightness failure due to excessive pressure and improving the reliability of the battery system.

[0166] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system for such an electrical device can be constructed using the battery device disclosed in this application.

[0167] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0168] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0169] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000's electrical system, such as meeting the power requirements for starting, navigation, and operation of the vehicle 1000.

[0170] The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation and driving.

[0171] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0172] Please refer to Figure 2, which is an exploded view of the structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application. This application provides a battery device 100, which includes a battery cell 10, a housing 20, and a second pressure relief mechanism 30. The battery cell 10 has a first pressure relief mechanism 11; the housing 20 is used to house the battery cell 10; the second pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed in the housing 20; wherein, the housing 20 has a collection chamber 21 and an exhaust channel 22, the collection chamber 21 is used to collect the emissions from the battery cell 10 when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated, and the exhaust channel 22 is used to connect the collection chamber 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 30; the volume of the collection chamber 21 is V, and the length of the exhaust channel 22 is L1, satisfying 15L≤V≤270L, 0.2m≤L1≤20m.

[0173] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 10, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 10 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 10 is housed within the housing 20. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 10 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery cell assembly, and then these battery cell assemblies are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 20. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 10.

[0174] Among them, the battery cell 10 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; the battery cell 10 can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery.

[0175] The first pressure relief mechanism 11 is an element or component that is actuated to release internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a predetermined threshold. The first pressure relief mechanism 11 can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve, and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure. That is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches the predetermined threshold, the first pressure relief mechanism 11 performs an action or a weak structure provided in the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the release of internal pressure or temperature.

[0176] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the first pressure relief mechanism 11 being activated or reaching a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 10. The action of the first pressure relief mechanism 11 may include, but is not limited to, at least a portion of the first pressure relief mechanism 11 rupturing, breaking, tearing, or opening, etc. When the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 10 are discharged outwards from the actuated portion as waste. In this way, the battery cell 10 can be depressurized and de-temperatureed under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0177] The emissions from the battery cell 10 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc. In this application, the composition of the emissions entering the exhaust channel 22 includes gas, a small amount of liquid and a small amount of solid particles. That is, the main component of the emissions is flue gas, and the flow velocity of the emissions can be understood as the flow velocity of the flue gas.

[0178] The housing 20 provides a space for housing the battery cell 10, and the housing 20 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 20 may include a first sub-housing 20a and a second sub-housing 20b, which overlap each other, and together define a space for housing the battery cell 10. The second sub-housing 20b may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first sub-housing 20a may be a plate-like structure, with the first sub-housing 20a covering the open side of the second sub-housing 20b, so that the first sub-housing 20a and the second sub-housing 20b together define the space; alternatively, the first sub-housing 20a and the second sub-housing 20b may both be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the first sub-housing 20a covering the open side of the second sub-housing 20b.

[0179] In some embodiments, the first sub-box 20a may be a plate-like structure, and the second sub-box 20b may be a hollow structure with one end open. The first sub-box 20a covers the open side of the second sub-box 20b so that the first sub-box 20a and the second sub-box 20b together define the accommodating space.

[0180] The second pressure relief mechanism 30 is a component used to discharge the emissions to the outside of the housing 20. The second pressure relief mechanism 30 can be an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, etc.

[0181] The collection chamber 21 can be the space enclosed by the wall of the box 20. The collection chamber 21 is connected to the space of the box 20 that accommodates the battery cell 10, so as to collect the emissions discharged when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated.

[0182] The exhaust passage 22 is a passage for connecting the collection chamber 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 30. The emissions collected in the collection chamber 21 can be transported to the second pressure relief mechanism 30 through the exhaust passage 22 and discharged to the outside of the housing 20 through the second pressure relief mechanism 30. The exhaust passage 22 can be a passage located inside the housing 20 or a passage located inside the housing body.

[0183] The method for measuring the volume of the collection chamber 21 is as follows: Place the battery device 100 horizontally, drill two holes at the upper part of the housing 20 corresponding to the position of the collection chamber 21, namely hole number 1 and hole number 2, and connect pipes to the two holes, sealing the contact points between the pipes and the housing 20. Pour insulating liquid (such as silicone oil) into the housing 20 through hole number 1 until the air inside the housing 20 is completely expelled through hole number 2 (until insulating liquid begins to emerge from hole number 2). At this point, the volume of the injected insulating liquid is recorded, and this volume is the volume V of the collection chamber 21.

[0184] The length of exhaust passage 22 refers to the total length of the pipe from the air inlet 22a to the exhaust outlet of exhaust passage 22. If exhaust passage 22 has multiple segments, the length of each segment should be measured separately and then added together to obtain the total length. The method for measuring the length of exhaust passage 22 is as follows: using the wire threading method, a measuring wire is inserted into the air inlet 22a of exhaust passage 22, runs along exhaust passage 22, and exits from the exhaust outlet. The length of the wire from the air inlet 22a to the exhaust outlet is measured, and this length is the length L1 of exhaust passage 22.

[0185] If the volume of the collection chamber 21 is too small, the exhaust will quickly fill the collection chamber 21, causing the air pressure inside the collection chamber 21 to rise rapidly, which may lead to pressure buildup in the housing 20 and failure of the housing 20's seal. At the same time, the exhaust will have a short residence time in the collection chamber 21, resulting in poor cooling effect. If the volume of the collection chamber 21 is too large, it will contain more air, and the exhaust may mix with the air inside the collection chamber 21, causing an explosion and failure of the housing 20's seal.

[0186] By setting the volume of the collection chamber 21 to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, while ensuring that the emissions remain in the collection chamber 21 for a longer period of time and that the temperature can be reduced, there is less air in the collection chamber 21, which reduces the risk of emissions mixing with air and causing an explosion, and also reduces the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal.

[0187] In some embodiments, the volume of the collection chamber 21 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 15L, 30L, 60L, 90L, 120L, 150L, ​​180L, 210L, 240L or 270L.

[0188] If the length of the exhaust channel 22 is too short, the exhaust material will remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a short time, resulting in poor cooling effect and less deposition of solid particles in the exhaust material within the exhaust channel 22. If the length of the exhaust channel 22 is too long, the exhaust material will remain in the exhaust channel 22 for too long, preventing the exhaust material from being quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, causing pressure buildup inside the housing 20 and failure of the housing 20's seal.

[0189] By setting the length of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20 while ensuring that the exhaust has a longer residence time in the exhaust channel 22 and is easy to cool down. This reduces the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0190] In some embodiments, the length of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.2m, 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m, 10m, 12m, 15m, 18m or 20m.

[0191] If the volume of the collection chamber 21 is too large and the length of the exhaust channel 22 is too long, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 cannot be effectively discharged to the outside of the housing 20 in a timely manner, which may easily cause excessive internal pressure in the housing 20 and lead to sealing failure of the housing 20. If the volume of the collection chamber 21 is too small and the length of the exhaust channel 22 is too short, the emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 cannot be effectively cooled before being discharged to the outside of the housing 20, resulting in significant environmental pollution.

[0192] According to the battery device 100 of this application embodiment, when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is activated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell 10 is discharged outward from the actuation part as a discharge and enters the collection chamber 21. It undergoes preliminary cooling in the collection chamber 21 and then enters the exhaust channel 22. It is further cooled down during the flow through the exhaust channel 22 and is finally discharged outside the housing 20 via the second pressure relief mechanism 30. When the discharge flows through the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22, some solid particles in the discharge are deposited in the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22 due to gravity. Some gas in the discharge condenses and agglomerates into droplets, and some solid particles adhere to the droplets and remain in the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22 with the droplets. This reduces the content of solid particles and harmful substances in the discharge discharged outside the housing 20. By setting the volume of the collection chamber 21 to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, and setting the length of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the temperature of the emissions when they are discharged to the outside of the housing 20 can be reduced, the content of solid particles in the emissions can be reduced, and the pollution of the external environment by the emissions can be reduced. At the same time, it is beneficial to depressurize the housing 20, avoid airtight failure caused by excessive pressure, and improve the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0193] According to some embodiments of this application, 30L≤V≤210L.

[0194] In some embodiments, the volume of the collection chamber 21 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 30L, 40L, 50L, 60L, 70L, 80L, 90L, 100L, 110L, 120L, 130L, 140L, 150L, ​​160L, 170L, 180L, 190L, 200L, or 210L.

[0195] When V≥30L, the emissions from the battery cell 10 can remain in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time, resulting in better cooling of the emissions. When V≤210L, the risk of explosion caused by the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and air in the emissions is further reduced, as is the risk of sealing failure of the housing 20.

[0196] Optionally, 60L≤V≤120L.

[0197] According to some embodiments of this application, 2m≤L1≤15m.

[0198] In some embodiments, the length of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 2m, 2.5m, 3.5m, 4.5m, 5.5m, 6.5m, 7.5m, 8.5m, 9.5m, 10.5m, 11.5m, 12.5m, 13.5m, 14.5m or 15m.

[0199] When L1≥2m, the emissions from the battery cell 10 remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a longer time, which helps to improve the cooling effect of the emissions. When L1≤15m, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0200] Optionally, 5m≤L1≤10m.

[0201] According to some embodiments of this application, the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is L2, which satisfies 0.1m≤L2≤0.5m.

[0202] The shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 refers to the minimum distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 of the battery cell 10 closest to the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 and the edge of the air inlet 22a. This distance can be the straight-line distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a.

[0203] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.1m, 0.12m, 0.14m, 0.16m, 0.18m, 0.2m, 0.22m, 0.24m, 0.26m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.32m, 0.34m, 0.36m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.42m, 0.44m, 0.46m, 0.48m, or 0.5m.

[0204] If the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is too small, the emissions from the battery cells 10 discharged when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is activated can easily enter the exhaust channel 22 directly, resulting in insufficient cooling of the emissions within the collection chamber 21 and a low cooling effect. If the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the inlet of the exhaust channel 22 is too large, the emissions will remain in the collection chamber 21 for too long, preventing them from being quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, causing internal pressure buildup in the housing 20 and resulting in a failure of the housing 20's seal.

[0205] By setting the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.1m and less than or equal to 0.5m, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box 20 while ensuring that the exhaust stays in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time and the cooling effect is good. This reduces the risk of the box 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0206] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.2m≤L2≤0.4m.

[0207] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.2m, 0.25m, 0.3m, 0.35m or 0.4m.

[0208] When L2≥0.2, the discharge from the first pressure relief mechanism 11 stays in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time, allowing for a longer heat exchange time between the discharge and the air in the collection chamber 21, resulting in a better cooling effect for the discharge in the collection chamber 21. When L2≤0.4m, the risk of excessively long residence time of the discharge in the collection chamber 21 leading to internal pressure buildup in the box 20 is further reduced, thereby reducing the risk of sealing failure of the box 20.

[0209] Optionally, 0.24m≤L2≤0.36m.

[0210] According to some embodiments of this application, the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is offset from the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22.

[0211] The first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 are staggered, meaning that the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the air inlet 22a is located. That is, when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated, the exhaust material discharged will not be sprayed directly toward the air inlet 22a, so that the flow path between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is longer.

[0212] By staggering the first pressure relief mechanism 11 with the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22, the emissions stay in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time, which is beneficial for cooling the emissions. This reduces the risk that the emissions will directly enter the exhaust channel 22 after being discharged from the battery cell 10, resulting in poor cooling effect of the emissions.

[0213] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pressure relief mechanism provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the second pressure relief mechanism 30 includes a valve body 31 and a valve core 32. The valve body 31 has an air outlet 31a, and the valve core 32 is movably disposed on the valve body 31. The valve core 32 is used to close or open the air outlet 31a. The maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31 is H, which satisfies 0.1mm≤H≤1mm.

[0214] The outlet 31a of the valve body 31 connects the exhaust passage 22 and the outside of the housing 20. When the exhaust passage 22 delivers the exhaust material to the second pressure relief mechanism 30, the exhaust material can be discharged from the open outlet 31a.

[0215] In some embodiments, the air outlet 31a can be circular, square, or other shapes. Optionally, the air outlet 31a is circular, which has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.

[0216] The valve core 32 cooperates with the valve body 31, and the valve core 32 can close the air outlet 31a; when the valve core 32 moves relative to the valve body 31, the valve core 32 can open the air outlet 31a.

[0217] In some embodiments, the valve body 31 is provided with a gas passage, and a support structure is provided within the gas passage. The support structure is connected to the wall of the gas passage. The support structure is provided with a vent hole and a mounting hole. The vent hole is a through hole for the discharge material to pass through, and the mounting hole is used to install the valve core 32. The valve core 32 is slidably disposed in the mounting hole so that the valve core 32 can move stably relative to the valve body 31. When the discharge material flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 30, the discharge material enters the gas passage. After passing through the vent hole, the discharge material acts on the valve core 32. Under the action of the discharge material, the valve core 32 moves relative to the valve body 31 to open the gas outlet 31a.

[0218] The maximum movement distance H of valve core 32 relative to valve body 31 refers to the maximum movement distance of valve core 32 under a predetermined pressure, which can be 10±3 kPa. The method for measuring the maximum movement distance H of valve core 32 relative to valve body 31 is as follows: place battery device 100 horizontally, then drill a hole above collection chamber 21 of housing 20, connect the pipeline, and seal the interface of the hole; place the dial indicator head on the outside of valve core 32 of the second pressure relief mechanism 30, and set the dial indicator reading to zero; inflate housing 20 from the opening until the internal air pressure of housing 20 reaches 10±3 kPa, and read the maximum value of the dial indicator. This maximum value is the maximum movement distance H of valve core 32 relative to valve body 31.

[0219] In some embodiments, the maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, or 1mm.

[0220] If the maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31 is too small, the exhaust gap of the second pressure relief mechanism 30 will be insufficient, and the exhaust material cannot be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, resulting in pressure buildup inside the housing 20 and failure of the housing 20 seal. If the maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31 is too large, the flow velocity of the exhaust material at the outlet 31a will be low when passing through the second pressure relief mechanism 30, the convection velocity between the exhaust material and the outside air will be slow, the cooling effect of the exhaust material will be poor, resulting in a higher temperature of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing 20.

[0221] By setting the maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31 to be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, the discharge material can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20. The discharge material flows faster at the outlet 31a and the convection speed with the outside air is faster, resulting in a better cooling effect on the discharge material.

[0222] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.25mm ≤ H ≤ 0.85mm.

[0223] When H≥0.25mm, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup; when H≤0.85mm, the emissions flow faster at the outlet 31a, and the convection speed with the outside air is faster, resulting in better cooling effect of the emissions.

[0224] Optionally, 0.3mm ≤ H ≤ 0.7mm.

[0225] According to some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the air outlet 31a is S1, which satisfies 10mm. 2 ≤S1≤90mm 2 .

[0226] In some embodiments, the perimeter of the air outlet 31a is a, and the area of ​​the air outlet 31a is S1 = a * H.

[0227] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the air outlet 31a can be, but is not limited to, 10 mm². 2 15mm 2 20mm 2 25mm 2 30mm 2 35mm 2 40mm 2 45mm 2 50mm 2 55mm 2 60mm 2 65mm 2 70mm 2 75mm 2 80mm 2 85mm 2 Or 90mm 2 The range between any one of them or any two of them.

[0228] If the area of ​​the vent 31a is too small, the exhaust gap will be insufficient, and the exhaust material cannot be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, resulting in pressure buildup inside the housing 20 and failure of the housing 20's seal. If the area of ​​the vent 31a is too large, the exhaust material will have a low flow velocity at the vent 31a when passing through the second pressure relief mechanism 30, resulting in slow convection between the exhaust material and the outside air, poor cooling effect on the exhaust material, and thus high temperature of the exhaust material.

[0229] By setting the area of ​​the air outlet 31a to be greater than or equal to 10 mm 2 and less than or equal to 90mm 2 When the exhaust gap is large and the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box 20, the exhaust flows faster at the outlet 31a and the convection speed with the outside air is faster, resulting in a better cooling effect on the exhaust.

[0230] According to some embodiments of this application, 15mm 2 ≤S1≤65mm 2 .

[0231] When S1≥15mm 2This further enables the emissions to be quickly discharged outside the housing 20; when S1≤65mm 2 This further increases the flow speed of the emissions at the outlet 31a, resulting in faster convection with the outside air and a better cooling effect after the emissions pass through the outlet 31a.

[0232] Optionally, 40mm 2 ≤S1≤60mm 2 .

[0233] Please refer to Figure 3. According to some embodiments of this application, the second pressure relief mechanism 30 further includes an elastic element 33. The elastic element 33 connects the valve body 31 and the valve core 32. The elastic element 33 is used to drive the valve core 32 to close the air outlet 31a.

[0234] The elastic element 33 is used to provide driving force to the valve core 32 to drive the valve core 32 to close the air outlet 31a. Optionally, the elastic element 33 can be a spring.

[0235] In some embodiments, one end of the elastic member 33 can be connected to the valve body 31, and the other end of the elastic member 33 can be connected to the valve core 32. When the discharge flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 30, the discharge flows towards the air outlet 31a through the channel in the valve body 31. The discharge acts on the valve core 32, and the force exerted on the valve core 32 by the discharge is greater than the force exerted on the valve core 32 by the elastic member 33. The valve core 32 moves relative to the valve body 31, the air outlet 31a opens, and the discharge is discharged to the outside of the housing 20 through the air outlet 31a. When the force exerted on the valve core 32 by the discharge is less than the force exerted on the valve core 32 by the elastic member 33, the valve core 32 moves towards the valve body 31 under the action of the elastic member 33, and the valve core 32 closes the air outlet 31a.

[0236] When the battery device 100 is in normal use, the elastic element 33 can drive the valve core 32 to close the vent 31a so that the valve core 32 and the valve body 31 are sealed together; when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated to discharge the discharge from the battery cell 10, the valve core 32 can be opened under the push of the discharge to relieve pressure.

[0237] Referring to Figure 2, according to some embodiments of this application, the housing 20 also has an electrical cavity 23, the battery cell 10 is disposed in the electrical cavity 23, and the collection cavity 21 is part of the electrical cavity 23.

[0238] The electrical cavity 23 can be enclosed by the walls of the housing 20, and the electrical cavity 23 is used to accommodate the battery cell 10.

[0239] The collection chamber 21 is part of the electrical chamber 23. The collection chamber 21 is close to the battery cell 10, and the emissions from the battery cell 10 can quickly enter the collection chamber 21 so that the emissions can mix with the air in the collection chamber 21 and exchange heat to reduce the concentration and temperature of the flue gas in the emissions.

[0240] By setting the collection chamber 21 as part of the electrical chamber 23, the collection chamber 21 and the battery cell 10 are located together in the electrical chamber 23, which facilitates the cooling of the emissions from the battery cell 10 within the collection chamber 21.

[0241] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a cross-sectional view of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the housing 20 also has an electrical cavity 23, in which the battery cell 10 is disposed; the battery device 100 also includes an isolation component 40, with the electrical cavity 23 and the collection cavity 21 located on both sides of the isolation component 40.

[0242] The isolation component 40 is a component installed inside the housing 20. The isolation component 40 divides the interior of the housing 20 into an electrical cavity 23 and a collection cavity 21. The battery cell 10 is located in the electrical cavity 23. When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the emissions from the battery cell 10 can be directed to the collection cavity 21, which can reduce the impact of the emissions on other components.

[0243] In some embodiments, the isolation component 40 may be provided with an opening corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 11, so that the emissions can be discharged in a directional manner. Further, a barrier may be provided at the opening of the isolation component 40, which can be destroyed by the high-temperature emissions, and at the same time, can also prevent the emissions in the collection chamber 21 from flowing toward the battery cell 10 that has not experienced thermal runaway.

[0244] By separating the electrical cavity 23 and the collection cavity 21 with the isolation component 40, the impact of emissions from the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 on other components within the housing 20 can be reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0245] According to some embodiments of this application, the energy density of the battery cell 10 is E, which satisfies 160Wh / L≤E≤850Wh / L.

[0246] In some embodiments, the energy density E of the battery cell 10 can be any one or a range between any two of 160Wh / L, 180Wh / L, 200Wh / L, 260Wh / L, 300Wh / L, 360Wh / L, 400Wh / L, 460Wh / L, 500Wh / L, 550Wh / L, 650Wh / L, 800Wh / L, or 850Wh / L.

[0247] In some embodiments, the electrolyte of the battery cell 10 may be a liquid electrolyte.

[0248] If the energy density of the battery cell 10 is too high, the intensity of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 will be greater, the emission of pollutants will be more violent, and the severe internal pressure of the housing 20 will easily lead to the failure of the housing 20 seal. If the energy density of the battery cell 10 is too low, the intensity of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 will be small, the temperature of the emissions will be low, the pollution to the external environment will be less, and no additional treatment is required.

[0249] The energy density of the battery cell 10 satisfies the above relationship. While ensuring that the battery device 100 has a high capacity, the battery cell 10 can be selected from different chemical systems, which makes the battery device 100 flexible in its configuration.

[0250] According to some embodiments of this application, the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is greater than or equal to 30 W / (m·K).

[0251] Thermal conductivity refers to the amount of heat transferred through a 1-meter-thick material with a temperature difference of 1 degree (K, ℃) between its two surfaces in 1 second under stable heat transfer regulation.

[0252] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity can be tested using the protective hot plate method, with the test performed using a protective hot plate thermal conductivity meter in accordance with the GB / T10294-2008 standard.

[0253] In some embodiments, the wall of the exhaust channel 22 can be made of metal, which has good thermal conductivity. For example, the wall of the exhaust channel 22 can be made of iron, aluminum, copper, etc.

[0254] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 30 W / (m·K), 34.8 W / (m·K), 67 W / (m·K), 80 W / (m·K), 90 W / (m·K), 237 W / (m·K), 317 W / (m·K), 401 W / (m·K), or 429 W / (m·K).

[0255] If the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust passage 22 is too small, the heat exchange effect between the exhaust and the wall of the exhaust passage 22 will be poor, and the cooling effect of the exhaust will be poor.

[0256] By setting the thermal conductivity of the exhaust channel 22 wall to be greater than or equal to 30 W / (m·K), the heat transfer between the exhaust and the exhaust channel 22 wall is better, the cooling effect of the exhaust is better, and it is easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust.

[0257] According to some embodiments of this application, the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is greater than or equal to 80 W / (m·K), for example, 80 W / (m·K), 237 W / (m·K) or 401 W / (m·K).

[0258] When the thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is greater than or equal to 80 W / (m·K), the heat transfer effect between the exhaust and the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is further improved, the cooling effect of the exhaust is better, and it is easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust.

[0259] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wall of the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is D, which satisfies 0.2mm≤D≤4mm.

[0260] The minimum thickness D of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 refers to the minimum thickness of the wall surrounding the exhaust channel 22 in the radial direction. The minimum thickness D of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is measured by scanning the wall surrounding the exhaust channel 22 with a CT scanning device (Computed Tomography Scan equipment) and measuring the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 on the scan image.

[0261] In some embodiments, the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 may be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm or 4mm.

[0262] If the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust passage 22 is too small, the wall of the exhaust passage 22 is easily broken by the high-temperature exhaust material, causing the seal of the housing 20 to fail. If the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust passage 22 is too large, the heat exchange effect between the exhaust material and the exhaust passage 22 will be poor, and the cooling effect of the exhaust material will be poor.

[0263] By setting the minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm, the heat transfer effect between the exhaust and the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is better, the temperature of the exhaust discharged to the outside of the box 20 is lower, and the weight of the box 20 can be designed to be lighter, provided that the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is not easily broken by the exhaust.

[0264] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.8mm ≤ D ≤ 3mm.

[0265] When D≥0.8mm, the risk of the exhaust channel 22 wall being breached by the exhaust material is further reduced; when D≤3mm, the heat transfer effect between the exhaust material and the exhaust channel 22 wall is further improved, which makes it easier to reduce the temperature of the exhaust material. At the same time, the weight of the housing 20 can be designed to be lighter.

[0266] Optionally, 1.2mm≤D≤2.6mm.

[0267] According to some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the wall of the housing 20 is less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0268] The thickness of the wall of the housing 20 satisfies the above relationship. The wall of the housing 20 can be designed to be thinner, which is conducive to improving the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0269] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of multiple air inlets of an exhaust passage provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust passage 22 has multiple air inlets 22a.

[0270] Multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22 can be set on different walls of the housing 20 to collect emissions at different locations, reducing the risk of emissions accumulating in the collection chamber 21 and causing pressure buildup inside the housing 20, which could lead to sealing failure of the housing 20.

[0271] In some embodiments, the air inlets 22a of the plurality of exhaust channels 22 may be spaced apart along the extension direction of the exhaust channels 22.

[0272] In some embodiments, the shape and size of each air inlet 22a of the exhaust passage 22 may be the same to facilitate manufacturing.

[0273] When there are multiple air inlets 22a in the exhaust passage 22, even if one air inlet 22a is blocked, the exhaust can still enter other air inlets 22a, which facilitates the exhaust to enter the exhaust passage 22, reduces the risk of pressure buildup inside the housing 20, and prevents the housing 20 from failing to seal.

[0274] By setting multiple air inlets 22a in the exhaust passage 22, it is possible for emissions to enter the exhaust passage 22 from different positions, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of emissions.

[0275] According to some embodiments of this application, the total area of ​​the plurality of air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is S2, and the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is S3, satisfying that 0.1≤S2 / S3≤10.

[0276] The total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22 refers to the sum of the areas of all the air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22.

[0277] In some embodiments, S2 / S3 can be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0278] If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22 is too small compared to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11, the exhaust material is prone to blockage at the air inlets 22a, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the housing 20, and failure of the housing 20's seal. If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22 is too large compared to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11, the exhaust material cannot be sufficiently cooled in the collection chamber 21 and quickly enters the exhaust passage 22, resulting in a higher temperature of the exhaust material discharged outside the housing 20.

[0279] By setting the ratio of the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 to the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11 to be greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 10, it is convenient for the exhaust material to cool down in the collection chamber 21 and for the exhaust material to enter the exhaust channel 22 in time and be discharged to the outside of the box 20, thereby reducing the risk of the box 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0280] According to some embodiments of this application, 0.5 ≤ S2 / S3 ≤ 5.

[0281] When 0.5≤S2 / S3≤5, it further facilitates the cooling of the emissions in the collection chamber 21, and further facilitates the timely entry of the emissions into the exhaust channel 22 and discharge to the outside of the box 20, reducing the risk of the box 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0282] Optionally, 0.8 ≤ S2 / S3 ≤ 3.

[0283] According to some embodiments of this application, 150mm 2 ≤S2≤3200mm 2 .

[0284] In some embodiments, S2 can be, but is not limited to, 150 mm. 2 200mm 2 300mm 2 400mm 2 500mm 2 800mm 2 1200mm 2 1600mm 2 2000mm 2 2400mm 2 2800mm 2 Or 3200mm 2The range between any one of them or any two of them.

[0285] If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a in the exhaust channel 22 is too small, the exhaust material is prone to blockage at the air inlets 22a, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the housing 20, and failure of the housing 20's seal. If the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a in the exhaust channel 22 is too large, the exhaust material cannot be sufficiently cooled in the collection chamber 21 and will quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, resulting in a higher temperature of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing 20.

[0286] By setting the total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22 to be greater than or equal to 150 mm. 2 and less than or equal to 3200mm 2 This design facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber 21, allowing the emissions to cool down within the chamber. It also enables the emissions to enter the exhaust channel 22 in a timely manner and be discharged to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0287] According to some embodiments of this application, 200mm 2 ≤S2≤2200mm 2 .

[0288] When S2≥200mm 2 This further facilitates the timely entry of emissions into the exhaust channel 22 and their discharge to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup in the housing 20 leading to sealing failure; when S2≤2200mm 2 This further facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber 21, and facilitates the cooling of the emissions within the collection chamber 21.

[0289] Optional, 650mm 2 ≤S2≤1200mm 2 .

[0290] According to some embodiments of this application, 100mm 2 ≤S3≤1500mm 2 .

[0291] In some embodiments, S3 can be, but is not limited to, 100 mm. 2 150mm 2 200mm 2 300mm 2 500mm 2 800mm 2 1000mm 2 1300mm 2 Or 1500mm 2The range between any one of them or any two of them.

[0292] If the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is too small, the corresponding total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 will be too large. In this case, the exhaust material cannot be sufficiently cooled within the collection chamber 21 and will quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, resulting in a high temperature of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing 20. Conversely, if the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is too large, the corresponding total area of ​​the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 will be too small. This will easily cause blockage at the air inlets 22a, hindering exhaust flow and leading to pressure buildup inside the housing 20, ultimately causing the housing 20 to fail to seal.

[0293] By setting the area of ​​the first pressure relief mechanism 11 to be greater than or equal to 100 mm² 2 and less than or equal to 1500mm 2 This design facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber 21, allowing the emissions to cool down within the chamber. It also enables the emissions to enter the exhaust channel 22 in a timely manner and be discharged to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of the housing 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup.

[0294] According to some embodiments of this application, 300mm 2 ≤S3≤1200mm 2 .

[0295] When S3≥300mm 2 This further facilitates a longer residence time of the emissions in the collection chamber 21, allowing the emissions to cool down within the collection chamber 21; when S3≤1200mm 2 This further facilitates the timely entry of emissions into the exhaust channel 22 and their discharge to the outside of the housing 20, reducing the risk of internal pressure buildup leading to sealing failure of the housing 20.

[0296] Optional, 450mm 2 ≤S3≤800mm 2 .

[0297] According to some embodiments of this application, the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 is S4, which satisfies 10mm. 2 ≤S4≤90mm 2 .

[0298] The minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust passage 22 refers to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust passage 22 obtained by a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the exhaust passage 22. The area where the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust passage 22 is located is the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust passage 22, where the flow rate of the exhaust is the minimum.

[0299] In some embodiments, the minimum flow area S4 of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, 10 mm.2 15mm 2 20mm 2 25mm 2 30mm 2 35mm 2 40mm 2 45mm 2 50mm 2 55mm 2 60mm 2 65mm 2 70mm 2 75mm 2 80mm 2 85mm 2 Or 90mm 2 The range between any one of them or any two of them.

[0300] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a throttling device and an exhaust channel according to some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, a throttling device 66 is provided inside the exhaust channel 22, which blocks the exhaust channel 22. The throttling device 66 is provided with a gap 661, and the flow area of ​​the gap 661 can be the minimum flow area S4 of the exhaust channel 22. The gap 661 can be a narrow slit. When gas (such as flue gas) passes through the narrow slit, the flow cross-sectional area (flow area) becomes smaller. According to the law of conservation of mass, the flow velocity will increase because the mass of gas passing through per unit time is the same, but the cross-sectional area is smaller, resulting in an increase in flow velocity.

[0301] If the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 is too small, the exhaust material will flow too slowly within the exhaust channel 22, and the exhaust material will not be able to be discharged quickly, resulting in pressure buildup inside the housing 20 and failure of the housing 20's seal. If the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 is too large, the exhaust material will flow too quickly within the exhaust channel 22, resulting in poor cooling effect on the exhaust material.

[0302] By setting the minimum flow area of ​​exhaust passage 22 to be greater than or equal to 10 mm 2 and less than or equal to 90mm 2 This facilitates the rapid discharge of emissions into the exhaust channel 22 and also helps the emissions cool down within the exhaust channel 22.

[0303] According to some embodiments of this application, 20mm 2 ≤S4≤60mm 2 .

[0304] When S4≥20mm 2 At this time, it further facilitates the rapid discharge of emissions through exhaust channel 22; when S4≤60mm 2This further facilitates the cooling of emissions within the exhaust channel 22.

[0305] Optionally, 30mm 2 ≤S4≤50mm 2 .

[0306] According to some embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is S5, which satisfies 150mm. 2 ≤S5≤3200mm 2 .

[0307] When there are multiple air inlets 22a in the exhaust passage 22, the area S5 of the air inlets 22a in the exhaust passage 22 is the sum of the areas of the multiple air inlets 22a.

[0308] In some embodiments, the area S5 of the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 can be, but is not limited to, 150 mm². 2 200mm 2 350mm 2 500mm 2 550mm 2 700mm 2 900mm 2 1000mm 2 1200mm 2 1600mm 2 1800mm 2 2000mm 2 2400mm 2 2800mm 2 3000mm 2 Or 3200mm 2 The range between any one of them or any two of them.

[0309] If the area of ​​the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is too small, the exhaust material is prone to blockage at the air inlet 22a, resulting in poor exhaust flow, pressure buildup inside the housing 20, and failure of the housing 20's seal. If the area of ​​the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is too large, the exhaust material cannot be sufficiently cooled in the collection chamber 21 and will quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, resulting in a higher temperature of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing 20.

[0310] By setting the area of ​​the air inlet 22a of the exhaust passage 22 to be greater than or equal to 150 mm² 2 and less than or equal to 3200mm 2This allows the exhaust material to quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, reducing the risk of the box 20 failing to seal due to internal pressure buildup, and also allows the exhaust material to stay in the collection chamber 21 for a longer period of time, facilitating the cooling of the exhaust material in the collection chamber 21.

[0311] According to some embodiments of this application, 200mm 2 ≤S5≤2200mm 2 .

[0312] When S5≥200mm 2 This further allows emissions to quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, reducing the risk of pressure buildup inside the housing 20 causing seal failure; when S5≤2200mm 2 This further allows the emissions to remain in the collection chamber 21 for a longer period of time, which facilitates the cooling of the emissions within the collection chamber 21.

[0313] Optional, 500mm 2 ≤S5≤1200mm 2 .

[0314] Referring to Figure 2, according to some embodiments of this application, the housing 20 includes a frame 24, the interior of which is hollow to form at least a partial exhaust channel 22.

[0315] The housing 20 also includes a cover 25 and a bottom wall 27, which are arranged opposite to each other. The cover 25, the bottom wall 27 and the frame 24 enclose a space for accommodating the battery cell 10, and the collection cavity 21 can be located in this space.

[0316] The frame 24 is a hollow structure, and the internal space of the frame 24 forms at least part of the exhaust channel 22.

[0317] In some embodiments, the frame 24 can be a one-piece molded structure, for example, the frame 24 can be a one-piece extruded molded structure.

[0318] In some embodiments, the frame 24 may be made of metal, such as steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0319] By forming the exhaust channel 22 inside the frame 24, the space occupied can be reduced and the space utilization rate can be improved, so that the battery device 100 can have a high energy density.

[0320] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust passage 22 extends circumferentially along the frame 24.

[0321] The exhaust passage 22 is provided on multiple walls of the frame 24 and extends circumferentially along the frame 24. When there are multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust passage 22, the multiple air inlets 22a can be provided on different walls of the frame 24 so that the exhaust can enter the exhaust passage 22 in a timely manner.

[0322] In some embodiments, the exhaust passage 22 has a corner, which may be located at the junction of two adjacent walls of the frame 24, so as to reduce the temperature of the exhaust as it flows within the exhaust passage 22 and to facilitate the deposition of solid particles in the exhaust.

[0323] In some embodiments, the exhaust channel 22 may be arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the frame 24, that is, the exhaust channel 22 may be arranged around the circumference of the frame 24 multiple times, so that the exhaust channel 22 has a longer length.

[0324] By extending the exhaust passage 22 circumferentially along the frame 24, the exhaust passage 22 can have a longer length, which facilitates the cooling of the exhaust material within the exhaust passage 22.

[0325] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel 22 has multiple corners, and the exhaust channel 22 has corners on the wall of each housing 20, which is conducive to the deposition of solid particles in the emissions and the cooling of the emissions.

[0326] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the box 20 includes a box body 20c and an exhaust pipe 26. The collection chamber 21 is disposed inside the box body 20c, and the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the box body 20c. An exhaust channel 22 is formed inside the exhaust pipe 26.

[0327] The housing body 20c is used to enclose a space for accommodating the battery cell 10, and the collection chamber 21 is disposed within this space.

[0328] The exhaust pipe 26 can be located inside the housing body 20c, and the exhaust pipe 26 can be connected to the inner surface of the housing body 20c; the exhaust pipe 26 can also be located outside the housing body 20c, and the exhaust pipe 26 can be connected to the outer surface of the housing body 20c.

[0329] The housing body 20c may be provided with a through hole that connects the inside and outside of the housing body 20c. The exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the through hole. The second pressure relief mechanism 30 may be provided at the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 26 to facilitate the discharge of the exhaust material to the outside of the housing 20c.

[0330] In some embodiments, when the exhaust pipe 26 is disposed inside the housing body 20c, the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the collection chamber 21, the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the through hole of the housing body 20c, and the second pressure relief mechanism 30 may be disposed at the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 26.

[0331] The exhaust pipe 26 can be connected to the housing body 20c in various ways, such as welding connection, snap-fit ​​connection, threaded connection, etc.

[0332] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 26 can be a one-piece structure, or the exhaust pipe 26 can be a multi-segment split structure connected as one piece.

[0333] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 26 may be made of metal, such as aluminum alloy, copper, steel, etc. The exhaust pipe 26 may also be made of high-temperature resistant plastic.

[0334] By forming an exhaust channel 22 inside the exhaust pipe 26, the exhaust pipe 26 and the housing body 20c can be set separately, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0335] According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe 26 has at least one corner. A corner refers to an angle or bend formed when the exhaust pipe 26 changes direction in a layout, typically used to connect two pipe segments or to redirect the exhaust pipe 26. The corner can change the flow direction of the fluid (emissions from the battery cell 10) inside the exhaust pipe 26.

[0336] After the emissions enter the exhaust pipe 26, the flow direction is changed by the guide and bends of the exhaust pipe 26, increasing the flow path of the flue gas within the exhaust pipe 26, buffering the flow velocity of the flue gas, and increasing the contact time between the flue gas and the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 26. This facilitates heat exchange between the flue gas and the exhaust pipe 26, and allows water vapor to condense into condensate on the pipe wall of the exhaust pipe 26. At the same time, solid particles in the emissions will deposit during the flow within the exhaust pipe 26, resulting in a lower concentration of flue gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 26.

[0337] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of corners is greater than or equal to 4.

[0338] For example, taking the box 20 as a cuboid, when the length of the exhaust pipe 26 is relatively long, the exhaust pipe 26 can be arranged around the four walls of the box 20 along the circumference of the box 20. The number of corners of the exhaust pipe 26 can be 4, which is simple in structure and easy to process and manufacture.

[0339] For example, when the length of the exhaust pipe 26 is short, the number of bends needs to be designed to be more, such as more than 20, so that the exhaust gas has a longer flow path in the exhaust pipe 26, which facilitates the condensation of flue gas or the deposition of solid particles in the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the temperature and concentration of the exhaust gas.

[0340] By ensuring that the number of corners is greater than or equal to four, the emissions collide multiple times with the wall of the exhaust pipe 26, reducing the temperature of the flue gas and allowing solid particles to deposit within the exhaust pipe 26, thus minimizing environmental pollution from emissions discharged through the exhaust pipe 26. For example, when the exhaust pipe 26 has four corners, these four corners can correspond to the four corners of the cuboid-shaped housing 20. The exhaust pipe 26 can then be routed around the cuboid-shaped housing 20, resulting in a longer flow path for the emissions. The emissions passing through the four corners facilitates temperature reduction in the flue gas and solid particle deposition.

[0341] Please refer to Figure 8 and further to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the housing body 20c includes a frame 24, and the exhaust pipe 26 is spirally arranged along the circumference of the frame 24. For example, the exhaust pipe 26 is disposed within the space enclosed by the frame 24 and connected to the inner surface of the frame 24.

[0342] The exhaust pipe 26 is spirally arranged around the circumference of the frame 24, and the exhaust pipe 26 is arranged in multiple turns around the circumference of the frame 24 so that the length of the exhaust pipe 26 is relatively long.

[0343] In some embodiments, when the exhaust pipe 26 is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the frame 24, the exhaust pipe 26 may have a corner at the corner of the frame 24, or the exhaust pipe 26 may have a rounded transition at the corner of the frame 24.

[0344] In some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells 10 constitute a battery cell assembly, and an exhaust pipe 26 may be arranged around the battery cell assembly to reduce the risk of interference between the exhaust pipe 26 and the battery cell assembly and to facilitate the assembly of the exhaust pipe 26.

[0345] By spiraling the exhaust pipe 26 around the frame 24, the exhaust pipe 26 has a relatively long length and can have multiple bends, which facilitates reducing the temperature of the emissions and reducing the concentration of flue gas.

[0346] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some other embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe 26 has at least one enlarged diameter portion 261. The enlarged diameter portion 261 can be understood as a portion in the extending direction of the exhaust pipe 26 where the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust passage 22 is increased. For example, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the exhaust pipe 26 at the enlarged diameter portion 261 are increased simultaneously.

[0347] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 26 may include multiple pipe segments, a number of which have the same and smaller cross-sectional area, and another number of which may be an enlarged section 261, which connects two pipe segments with smaller cross-sectional areas.

[0348] In the above scheme, the expansion section 261 can be regarded as the part where the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 inside the exhaust pipe 26 increases. After the emission material enters the expansion section 261 from the small diameter area, the flow rate of the emission material slows down and the temperature of the flue gas decreases. The liquid after the flue gas condenses and the solid particles in the flue gas can settle in the expansion section 261 to achieve the effect of reducing the flue gas temperature and the flue gas concentration.

[0349] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a structural schematic diagram of the housing provided in some other embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe 26 is located outside the housing body 20c, and one end of the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the housing body 20c.

[0350] In some embodiments, the housing body 20c is provided with a through hole, the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 26 can be connected to the outer surface of the housing body 20c, and the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 26 communicates with the through hole. The second pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided at the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 26, and the discharge in the collection chamber 21 can be transported to the second pressure relief mechanism 30 through the exhaust pipe 26 to be discharged to the outside of the housing 20.

[0351] By placing the exhaust pipe 26 outside the housing body 20c, the space utilization inside the housing body 20c is improved.

[0352] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes a protective member 50, which is located outside the housing body 20c and connected to the housing body 20c. The protective member 50 and the housing body 20c form a receiving cavity 51, and at least a portion of the exhaust pipe 26 is disposed in the receiving cavity 51.

[0353] The protective component 50 is a component used to shield the exhaust pipe 26. The protective component 50 is disposed outside the housing body 20c so as to cooperate with the housing body 20c to form a receiving cavity 51 for accommodating the exhaust pipe 26.

[0354] In some embodiments, the protective element 50 can be detachably connected to the housing body 20c, for example, by snap-fitting or threading the protective element 50 to the housing body 20c, so as to facilitate maintenance or replacement of the exhaust pipe 26.

[0355] The protective component 50 can be made of metal, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel, etc.; the protective component 50 can also be made of non-metal, such as plastic, rubber, etc.

[0356] In the above scheme, the protective component 50 and the housing body 20c form a receiving cavity 51, and at least a portion of the exhaust pipe 26 is disposed in the receiving cavity 51 in order to protect the exhaust pipe 26 and reduce the risk of damage to the exhaust pipe 26.

[0357] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust pipe provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust pipe 26 includes a plurality of pipe segments 262 connected in sequence, and the melting points of the plurality of pipe segments 262 decrease sequentially along the flow direction of the exhaust.

[0358] Multiple pipe segments 262 are multiple parts of the exhaust pipe 26 distributed along its extension direction. The multiple pipe segments 262 are set separately and connected sequentially along the extension direction of the exhaust pipe 26.

[0359] The melting points of the multiple pipe sections 262 are different. According to the melting point, the melting point of the multiple pipe sections 262 gradually decreases from the air inlet 22a to the exhaust outlet of the exhaust pipe 26.

[0360] By making the melting points of multiple pipe sections 262 decrease sequentially, the exhaust pipe 26 can be made of different materials, which helps to reduce manufacturing costs.

[0361] According to some embodiments of this application, the melting point of the exhaust pipe 26 is greater than or equal to 80°C.

[0362] In some embodiments, the melting point of the exhaust pipe 26 may be, but is not limited to, any one or any two of 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 120°C, 150°C, 164°C, 170°C, 180°C, 220°C, 255°C, 280°C, 320°C, 660°C, 1000°C, or 1083.4°C.

[0363] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 26 may be made of non-metallic materials, such as polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.; the exhaust pipe 26 may also be made of metallic materials, such as aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy, steel, etc.

[0364] In the above scheme, the melting point of the exhaust pipe 26 is greater than or equal to 80°C, and the exhaust pipe 26 has high high temperature resistance, which facilitates the collection of high temperature emissions.

[0365] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a baffle component and an exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes a baffle component 61, which is disposed in the exhaust channel 22 and is used to change the flow path of the emissions in the exhaust channel 22.

[0366] The turbulence-disrupting component 61 can be a component installed in the exhaust channel 22. When the exhaust material passes through the turbulence-disrupting component 61, a portion of the exhaust material will condense. At the same time, the flow path of the exhaust material changes, which is beneficial for the exhaust material to cool down in the exhaust channel 22.

[0367] In some embodiments, the number of baffles 61 can be multiple, and the multiple baffles 61 can be spaced apart along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 22.

[0368] In some embodiments, the baffle 61 may be disposed between the air inlet 22a and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust passage 22.

[0369] By placing the turbulence-disrupting component 61 inside the exhaust passage 22, the flow path of the exhaust material inside the exhaust passage 22 can be changed, which facilitates the reduction of the temperature of the exhaust material.

[0370] In some embodiments, the turbulence member 61 is connected to the wall of the exhaust channel 22, and the turbulence member 61 has a first end face that is spaced apart from the wall of the exhaust channel 22.

[0371] The turbulence-disrupting component 61 is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust channel 22. The turbulence-disrupting component 61 has a first end face. The first end face is spaced apart from the wall of the exhaust channel 22, so that there is an exhaust gap between the first end face and the wall of the exhaust channel 22, or the first end face itself surrounds to form an exhaust gap, so that the exhaust in the exhaust channel 22 can flow from one side of the turbulence-disrupting component 61 to the other side through the exhaust channel 22.

[0372] Optionally, the flow-deflecting component 61 can be any suitable structural form, and the first end face of the flow-deflecting component 61 can be straight, columnar, or arc-shaped, etc. If the first end face is spaced apart from the wall of the exhaust channel 22, the fluid can flow through the exhaust gap on the side of the first end face.

[0373] In some embodiments, the turbulence member 61 includes a rough portion disposed on the wall of the exhaust channel 22, and the surface of the rough portion is irregular.

[0374] Optionally, the entire surface of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 may be roughened, or a portion of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 may be roughened.

[0375] The surface of the rough part is uneven, with protrusions and pits. This helps to increase the surface area of ​​the exhaust passage 22 wall, thereby increasing the contact area between the exhaust and the exhaust passage 22 wall.

[0376] Furthermore, when the exhaust flows through the rough section, it will collide with the protrusions of the rough section and change its flow direction. This helps to increase the residence time of the exhaust in the exhaust channel 22 and increase the contact area between the exhaust and the inner wall of the exhaust channel 22, thereby increasing the condensation efficiency of the exhaust.

[0377] Please refer to Figure 15, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the filter component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes a filter component 62, which is disposed in the exhaust channel 22 and is used to filter solid particles in the emissions in the exhaust channel 22.

[0378] The filter element 62 can be a porous structure, such as a filter screen, filter fabric or filter paper, which allows gas to pass through while filtering solid particles.

[0379] In some embodiments, the filter element 62 may be detachably connected to the wall of the exhaust channel 22, for example, by snap-fit, threaded connection, etc.

[0380] In some embodiments, the filter element 62 may be disposed at the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22, or the filter element 62 may be disposed at the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 22, or the filter element 62 may be disposed between the air inlet 22a and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 22.

[0381] Optionally, the filter element 62 is disposed between the air inlet 22a and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust passage 22.

[0382] By placing the filter element 62 inside the exhaust channel 22, solid particles in the emissions can be filtered, thereby reducing the pollution of the emissions to the environment.

[0383] In some embodiments, the number of filter elements 62 may be at least two, and at least two filter elements 62 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 22.

[0384] When at least two filter elements 62 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 22, the exhaust material flows through each filter element 62 sequentially as it passes through the exhaust passage 22. Since the filter elements 62 are configured to filter at least some of the solid particles in the exhaust material, some solid particles are blocked by each filter element 62 and remain within the exhaust passage 22 as the exhaust material flows through it. The particle size of the solid particles in the exhaust material filtered by different filter elements 62 is different. For example, along the extension direction of the exhaust passage 22, the closer the filter element 62 is to the second pressure relief mechanism 30, the smaller the particle size of the solid particles filtered out. In this way, as the exhaust material flows through multiple filter elements 62 sequentially, the particle size of the solid particles filtered out by the filter elements 62 becomes smaller and smaller, which helps to reduce the risk of the filter elements 62 becoming clogged.

[0385] The solid particles in the emissions typically contain electrolyte, electrode assembly debris, etc., and these solid particles usually contain a lot of harmful substances. By using the filter element 62 to retain at least some of the solid particles in the emissions within the exhaust channel 22, it is beneficial to reduce the concentration of flue gas and the content of harmful substances in the emissions emitted to the external environment of the battery device 100.

[0386] In some embodiments, at least two filter components 62 include a first filter screen 621 and a second filter screen 622. Along the extending direction of the exhaust channel 22, the first filter screen 621 is disposed on the side of the second filter screen 622 near the second pressure relief mechanism 30, and the mesh count of the first filter screen 621 is greater than the mesh count of the second filter screen 622.

[0387] The materials of the first filter screen 621 and the second filter screen 622 can be metal materials such as steel, or the materials of the first filter screen 621 and the second filter screen 622 can be high-temperature resistant plastics or fabrics, etc.

[0388] The first filter screen 621 and the second filter screen 622 have simple structures, and the particle size of the solid particles filtered by the first filter screen 621 and the second filter screen 622 can be controlled by controlling the mesh size of the first filter screen 621 and the second filter screen 622, so as to filter the solid particles in the emission step by step.

[0389] "Mesh count" can refer to the number of pores in a unit area, such as the number of pores in a filter screen per square inch. If the mesh count of the first filter screen 621 is greater than that of the second filter screen 622, then the number of pores in the first filter screen 621 per unit area is greater than that in the second filter screen 622. The average pore diameter of the first filter screen 621 is smaller than that of the second filter screen 622. Thus, the particle size of the solid particles filtered out by the first filter screen 621 is smaller than that of the solid particles filtered out by the second filter screen 622.

[0390] The first filter screen 621 is located on the side of the second filter screen 622 that is close to the second pressure relief mechanism along the extension direction of the exhaust channel 22. After the exhaust material enters the exhaust channel 22, it will first flow through the second filter screen 622, where larger solid particles will be filtered out. Then it will flow to the first filter screen 621, where smaller particles will be filtered out. This step-by-step filtration helps to increase the amount of solid particles filtered out in the exhaust material and reduces the risk of a large number of particles being filtered out by a single filter screen, causing particles to accumulate at the filter screen and thus clogging the exhaust channel 22.

[0391] Optionally, the first filter 621 and the second filter 622 can be arranged adjacent to each other, or other filters can be arranged between the first filter 621 and the second filter 622.

[0392] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the adsorption component and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes an adsorption component 63, which is disposed in the exhaust channel 22 and is used to adsorb solid particles and / or liquids in the emissions in the exhaust channel 22.

[0393] In some embodiments, the adsorption component 63 may include at least one of activated carbon filter cotton, activated carbon filter mesh, and honeycomb ceramic filter material.

[0394] In some embodiments, the adsorption component 63 may be disposed at the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22, or the adsorption component 63 may also be disposed at the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 22, or the adsorption component 63 may also be disposed between the air inlet 22a and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 22.

[0395] Optionally, the adsorption component 63 is disposed between the air inlet 22a and the exhaust outlet of the exhaust channel 22.

[0396] In some embodiments, the adsorption component 63 may be detachably connected to the wall of the exhaust channel 22, for example, by snap-fit, threaded connection, etc.

[0397] By placing the adsorption component 63 within the exhaust channel 22, it is possible to adsorb solid particles and / or liquids in the emissions, thereby reducing the pollution of the emissions to the environment.

[0398] Please refer to Figure 17, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the condenser and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes a condenser 64, which is disposed in the exhaust channel 22. The condenser 64 includes condensation nuclei particles, which are used to condense and agglomerate small droplets and harmful substances in the emissions.

[0399] The condensation nucleus particles can be solid particles that play a role in condensation and agglomeration. After the emissions enter the exhaust channel 22, the emissions come into contact with the condensation nucleus particles. When the vaporous droplets in the emissions encounter the condensation nucleus particles, they can condense and agglomerate into water droplets. Since some of the harmful substances in the emissions are solutes that dissolve in the droplets, during the droplet condensation process, the harmful substances in the emissions will also be retained in the exhaust channel 22 along with the droplets.

[0400] The condensation nuclei can include a variety of chemical substances, as long as they can play a condensation role within the exhaust channel 22.

[0401] When the condenser 64 is disposed in the exhaust channel 22, the condenser 64 can be attached to the wall of the exhaust channel 22, or the condenser 64 can be disposed in the relevant structure within the exhaust channel 22.

[0402] By setting a condenser 64 in the exhaust channel 22, and the condenser 64 includes condensation nuclei particles, when the exhaust material passes through the exhaust channel 22, small droplets and harmful substances in the exhaust material will condense and agglomerate when they encounter the condensation nuclei particles, and settle and remain inside the exhaust channel 22. This helps to reduce the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 100, and thus helps to reduce the pollution to the environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 100.

[0403] In some embodiments, the particle size d of the condensation nuclei satisfies: 0.1 μm ≤ d ≤ 30 μm.

[0404] Optionally, the condensation nucleus particles can be spherical, ellipsoidal, or other irregular shapes. The particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles may not be the absolute particle size. For non-spherical condensation nucleus particles, the particle size can be the equivalent diameter of a sphere with the same volume, which can be measured based on the scattered light signal.

[0405] The measurement method for the particle size d of condensation nuclei can be carried out with reference to relevant standards, such as GB / T 29022-2021 "Dynamic Light Scattering Method (DLS) for Particle Size Analysis" and GB / T 44223-2024 "Technical Requirements for Particle Size Analyzers Using Dynamic Light Scattering Method for Nanotechnology".

[0406] Optionally, the method for measuring the scattered light signal may include: a laser beam passing through condensation nuclei particles, the direction and intensity of the scattered light being related to the particle size of the condensation nuclei particles, the direction of the scattered light from larger particles being closer to the straight line direction of the scattering source, and the scattered light from smaller particles being more perpendicular to the direction of the incident light, the scattered light being received by a series of detectors (usually distributed at different angles) and converted into electrical signals, and the intensity of the scattered light received at different angles being converted into particle size distribution information through a specific algorithm.

[0407] Alternatively, the particle diameter d of the condensation core particles may be 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm, 16μm, 17μm, 18μm, 19μm, 20μm, 21μm, 22μm, 23μm, 24μm, 25μm, 26μm, 27μm, 28μm, 29μm or 30μm, etc.

[0408] Understandably, the smaller the particle size of the condensation nucleus particles, the higher their efficiency as nuclei during droplet condensation; that is, the higher the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles. It should be noted that the condensation efficiency here can be considered as the ratio of the mass of the collected liquid after condensation to the total mass passing through the exhaust channel 22 where the condensation nucleus particles are located. Conversely, the larger the particle size of the condensation nucleus particles, the larger the surface area they can provide for droplet condensation.

[0409] By setting the particle size d of the condensation nuclei to satisfy 0.1μm≤d≤30μm, it is beneficial to increase the surface area of ​​the condensation nuclei for condensing emissions, and also to enhance the role of the condensation nuclei as a core in the emission condensation process, thereby improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation nuclei.

[0410] In some embodiments, the particle size d of the condensation nuclei satisfies: 2μm≤d≤10μm.

[0411] In some embodiments, the material of the condensate nuclei may include phosphate esters, carbonates, phosphates, carbonates, or sulfonates.

[0412] In the event of thermal runaway of battery cell 10, the main component of other substances emitted with the flue gas is the electrolyte. Since the main components of the electrolyte solute are carbonates or phosphates, as well as carbonates, phosphates, and sulfonates, according to the principle of "like dissolves like," the material of the condensation nucleus particles is set to phosphates, carbonates, phosphates, carbonates, or sulfonates. The condensation nucleus particles have higher chemical stability, can stably provide condensation function for a long time, and are conducive to improving the chemical affinity between the condensation nucleus particles and the emissions. The condensation nucleus particles have better molecular recognition and adsorption capacity for the emissions, enhance droplet formation, and accelerate the droplet condensation process.

[0413] In addition, the chemical composition of condensation nuclei is similar to that of emissions, which enhances their compatibility. This helps reduce the interfacial tension between condensation nuclei and emissions, promotes liquid phase transfer, and reduces the nucleation potential energy barrier. It also helps promote the contact and interaction between emissions and condensation nuclei, increases the probability of emissions nucleating on condensation nuclei, and accelerates the condensation process.

[0414] Furthermore, since the composition of the condensate nuclei is similar to that of the recovered emissions, it can reduce the complexity and processing costs of subsequent separation and purification steps, and make it easier to process the recovered mixture, so as to facilitate the extraction of pure recovered materials for recycling.

[0415] Therefore, setting the material of the condensation nuclei particles to phosphate esters, carbonates, phosphates, carbonates, or sulfonates is beneficial to increasing the condensation rate of emissions, accelerating the condensation process of emissions, and improving the stability of the condensation nuclei particles so that they can stably provide condensation over a long period of time. It also helps to reduce the subsequent treatment costs of condensation nuclei particles and emissions, and facilitates the recycling of condensation nuclei particles.

[0416] In some embodiments, the condenser 64 includes a nucleus coating comprising a plurality of nucleus particles, the nucleus coating being disposed on the wall of the exhaust passage 22.

[0417] In some embodiments, the melting point of the condenser 64 is ≥1000°C.

[0418] Optionally, the melting point of the solidified component 64 can be 1000℃, 1100℃, 1200℃, 1300℃, 1400℃, 1500℃ or 1600℃, etc.

[0419] Understandably, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 100, the temperature of the flue gas generated by the battery device 100 is usually below 1000°C. Setting the melting point of the condenser 64 to ≥1000°C helps to reduce the risk of the condenser 64 melting at high temperatures, thereby improving the reliability of the condensate emissions from the condenser 64.

[0420] Please refer to Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the phase change element and the exhaust channel provided in some embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a phase change element 65, which is disposed within the exhaust channel 22.

[0421] The phase change element 65 can be any substance capable of absorbing heat and undergoing a state change. The phase change element 65 can be solid at room temperature and transform into a liquid state after absorbing heat. Alternatively, the phase change element 65 can be liquid at room temperature and transform into a gaseous state after absorbing heat.

[0422] As the emissions flow through the phase change element 65 in the exhaust channel 22, the phase change element 65 can absorb heat from the emissions by changing its state, thereby reducing the heat in the emissions and making it easier for the gas in the emissions to condense into droplets.

[0423] In some embodiments, the phase change element 65 may include at least one of paraffin and hydrated salt.

[0424] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, which includes a battery device 100 provided according to any of the above embodiments, the battery device 100 being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0425] The power supply device can be any of the above-mentioned devices or systems that use battery device 100.

[0426] By adopting the battery device 100 described above, it is possible to reduce emissions that pollute the environment and reduce the impact on other components of the electrical device 100 and the user.

[0427] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 2 to 18, this application provides a battery device 100, which includes a battery cell 10, a housing 20, and a second pressure relief mechanism 30. The battery cell 10 has a first pressure relief mechanism 11, and the second pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed in the housing 20. The housing 20 has a collection chamber 21 and an exhaust channel 22. The collection chamber 21 is used to collect the emissions from the battery cell 10 when the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is actuated, and the exhaust channel 22 is used to connect the collection chamber 21 and the second pressure relief mechanism 30.

[0428] The housing 20 includes a frame 24, which forms an electrical cavity 23 for accommodating the battery cell 10. The collection cavity 21 is part of the electrical cavity 23. The interior of the frame 24 is hollow to form at least a partial exhaust channel 22. The structure is simple and reduces space occupation.

[0429] When the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is activated, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside the battery cell 10 is discharged from the actuation point as a discharge and enters the collection chamber 21. It undergoes preliminary cooling in the collection chamber 21 and then enters the exhaust channel 22. It is further cooled as it flows through the exhaust channel 22 and is finally discharged outside the housing 20 via the second pressure relief mechanism 30. When the discharge flows through the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22, some solid particles in the discharge are deposited in the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22 due to gravity. Some gas in the discharge condenses and agglomerates into droplets, and some solid particles adhere to the droplets and remain in the collection chamber 21 and the exhaust channel 22 with the droplets. This reduces the content of solid particles and harmful substances in the discharge discharged outside the housing 20.

[0430] By setting the volume of the collection chamber 21 to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, the amount of air in the collection chamber 21 is reduced while ensuring that the emissions remain in the collection chamber 21 for a longer period of time and that the temperature can be reduced. This reduces the risk of explosion due to the mixture of emissions and air, and also reduces the risk of seal failure of the housing 20. By setting the length of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20 while ensuring that the emissions remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a longer period of time and that the emissions can be cooled down. This reduces the risk of seal failure of the housing 20 due to internal pressure buildup.

[0431] By setting the volume of the collection chamber 21 to be greater than or equal to 15L and less than or equal to 270L, and setting the length of the exhaust channel 22 to be greater than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 20m, the temperature of the emissions when they are discharged to the outside of the housing 20 can be reduced, the content of solid particles in the emissions can be reduced, and the pollution of the external environment by the emissions can be reduced. At the same time, it is beneficial to depressurize the housing 20, avoid airtight failure caused by excessive pressure, and improve the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0432] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0433] I. Structure of the Battery Device

[0434] In various embodiments and comparative examples, the housing 20 of the battery device 100 includes a first sub-housing 20a and a second sub-housing 20b. The first sub-housing 20a is a plate-like structure, and the second sub-housing 20b is a hollow structure with one end open. The first sub-housing 20a covers the open side of the second sub-housing 20b so that the first sub-housing 20a and the second sub-housing 20b together define an electrical cavity 23. The battery cell 10 is disposed in the electrical cavity 23, and the collection cavity 21 is a part of the electrical cavity 23. The second sub-housing 20b includes a frame 24, and the interior of the frame 24 is hollow to form at least a partial exhaust channel 22. The air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 communicates with the collection cavity 21, and a second pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed at the exhaust port of the exhaust channel 22.

[0435] II. Testing Methods

[0436] (1) Volume test of collection cavity 21

[0437] Place the battery device 100 horizontally. Drill two holes at the upper part of the housing 20 corresponding to the collection chamber 21, designated as hole number 1 and hole number 2. Connect pipes to these two holes, sealing the contact points between the pipes and the housing 20. Pour insulating liquid (such as silicone oil) into the housing 20 through hole number 1 until all air inside the housing 20 is completely expelled through hole number 2 (until insulating liquid begins to emerge from hole number 2). Count the volume of the injected insulating liquid; this volume is the volume V of the collection chamber 21.

[0438] (2) Length test of exhaust channel 22

[0439] Using the wire threading method, a measuring steel wire is inserted into the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22, runs along the exhaust channel 22, and exits at the exhaust outlet. The length of the steel wire from the air inlet 22a to the exhaust outlet is measured, and this length is the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22. If the exhaust channel 22 has multiple segments, the length of each segment should be measured separately, and then the lengths should be added together to obtain the total length, which is the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22.

[0440] (3) Temperature test when emissions are discharged to the outside of the housing 20

[0441] A temperature sensor is installed at the second pressure relief mechanism 30 to detect the temperature at the second pressure relief mechanism 30 in real time. Specifically, the temperature sensor is installed at the valve body 31 of the second pressure relief mechanism 30 near the air outlet 31a so that the temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged through the air outlet.

[0442] (4) Enclosure sealing test

[0443] The exhaust channel 21 is sealed, and the sealing performance of the housing 20 is tested using a sealing tester. Specifically, the sealing tester fills the housing 20 with gas and maintains a certain pressure, then observes the pressure change to determine if there is a leak. If the pressure drop is less than 40 Pa within 1 minute, it indicates no leak and the housing 20 is well sealed; if the pressure drop is greater than or equal to 40 Pa within 1 minute, it indicates a leak and the housing 20 is not sealed.

[0444] (5) Shortest distance test between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22

[0445] Select the battery cell 10 closest to the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22, and measure the straight-line distance between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 of the battery cell 10 and the air inlet 22a. The measurement can be done with the help of a string. For example, fix one end of the inelastic string (defined as the starting point) to the first pressure relief mechanism 11 of the battery cell 10, make the string taut and extend it to the air inlet 22a, and mark the end point on the string. Measure the dimension between the starting point and the end point of the string. This dimension is the shortest distance L2 between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22.

[0446] (6) Test of the maximum moving distance of valve core 32 relative to valve body 31

[0447] Place the battery device 100 horizontally, then drill a hole above the collection chamber 21 of the housing 20, connect the pipeline, and seal the interface of the hole; place the dial indicator head on the outside of the valve core 32 of the second pressure relief mechanism 30, and set the dial indicator reading to zero; inflate the housing 20 with air from the opening until the internal air pressure of the housing 20 reaches 10±3kPa, and read the maximum value of the dial indicator. This maximum value is the maximum movement distance H of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31.

[0448] (7) Area test of air outlet 31a

[0449] Measure the perimeter a of the air outlet 31a, and calculate the area S1 of the air outlet 31a according to the formula S1=a*H, where H is the maximum moving distance of the valve core 32 relative to the valve body 31.

[0450] (8) Thermal conductivity test

[0451] The test was conducted using the protective hot plate method, and the test was performed using a protective hot plate thermal conductivity meter in accordance with the GB / T10294-2008 standard.

[0452] (9) Minimum thickness test of the wall of exhaust channel 22

[0453] The wall surrounding the exhaust channel 22 is scanned using a CT scanner, and the minimum thickness D of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 is measured on the scanned image.

[0454] (10) Area test of air inlet 22a of exhaust channel 22

[0455] The area of ​​the air intake 22a can be measured using a CCD camera (Charge Coupled Device camera, a digital camera with a charge-coupled device image sensor). When there are multiple air intakes 22a in the exhaust passage 22, the area of ​​the air intakes 22a in the exhaust passage 22 is the total area S2 of the multiple air intakes 22a.

[0456] (11) Area test of the first pressure relief mechanism 11

[0457] The first pressure relief mechanism 11 is the area enclosed by the annular grooves on the outer casing of the battery cell 10. The area S3 of the first pressure relief mechanism 11 is the area of ​​this area, which is measured by a CCD camera.

[0458] (12) Minimum flow area test of exhaust channel 22

[0459] The exhaust channel 22 is scanned by a CT scanner to obtain the minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22. The minimum flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 is scanned again, and the flow area of ​​the exhaust channel 22 is measured on the cross-sectional image obtained by the scan to obtain the minimum flow area S4 of the exhaust channel 22.

[0460] III. Test Results

[0461] In various embodiments and comparative examples, the test results for the volume V of different collection chambers 21 and the length L1 of the same exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 1; the test results for the volume V of the same collection chamber 21 and the length L1 of different exhaust channels 22 are shown in Table 2; the test results for the volume V of collection chamber 21, the length L1 of exhaust channel 22, and the shortest distance L2 between the first pressure relief mechanism 11 and the air inlet 22a of exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 3; the test results for the volume V of collection chamber 21, the length L1 of exhaust channel 22, and the maximum moving distance H of valve core 32 relative to valve body 31 are shown in Table 4; the test results for the volume V of collection chamber 21, the length L1 of exhaust channel 22, and the area S1 of air outlet 31a are shown in Table 5; the test results for the volume V of collection chamber 21, the length L1 of exhaust channel 22, and the thermal conductivity of the wall of exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 6; the test results for the volume V of collection chamber 21, the length L1 of exhaust channel 22, and the thermal conductivity of the wall of exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 6. The test results for the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22 and the minimum thickness D of the wall of the exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 7. The test results for the volume V of the collection chamber 21, the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22, the total area S2 of the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22, and the area S3 of the first pressure relief mechanism 11 are shown in Table 8. The test results for the volume V of the collection chamber 21, the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22, and the total area S2 of the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 9. The test results for the volume V of the collection chamber 21, the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22, and the area S3 of the first pressure relief mechanism 11 are shown in Table 10. The test results for the volume V of the collection chamber 21, the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22, and the minimum flow area S4 of the exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 11. The test results for the volume V of the collection chamber 21, the length L1 of the exhaust channel 22, and the area S5 of the air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 are shown in Table 12.

[0462] Table 1

[0463] As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1-5, with 15L ≤ V ≤ 270L and L1 = 2m, the emissions from battery cell 10 remain in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time and have a better cooling effect, resulting in lower temperatures (less than or equal to 80°C) of emissions discharged to the outside of the housing 20. Simultaneously, the limited air in the collection chamber 21 reduces the risk of explosion caused by the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and air in the emissions, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, with V < 15L, the emissions remain in the collection chamber 21 for a shorter time, resulting in poorer cooling and higher emissions temperatures (>100°C), polluting the environment, but the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 2, with V > 270L, there is too much air in the collection chamber 21, and the mixing of high-temperature flue gas and air could lead to an explosion, causing the housing 20 to fail to seal.

[0464] Table 2

[0465] As shown in Table 2, in Examples 1-5, with 0.2m ≤ L1 ≤ 20m and V = 30L, the emissions from battery cell 10 remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a longer time and have a better cooling effect. The temperature of the emissions discharged to the outside of the housing 20 is low (less than or equal to 80°C). Simultaneously, the emissions can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, with L1 < 0.2m, the emissions remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a shorter time, resulting in a poorer cooling effect. The temperature of the emissions discharged to the outside of the housing 20 is > 100°C, polluting the environment, but the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 2, with L1 > 21m, the emissions remain in the exhaust channel 22 for a longer time, preventing them from being quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20. This leads to excessive internal pressure in the housing 20, causing the housing 20 to fail to seal.

[0466] Table 3

[0467] As shown in Table 3, in Examples 1-5, when V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 0.1m ≤ L2 ≤ 0.5m, the exhaust material stays in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time and the cooling effect is better, resulting in a lower temperature (less than or equal to 80℃) of the exhaust material discharged to the outside of the housing 20. Simultaneously, the exhaust material can quickly enter the exhaust channel 22, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, L2 < 0.1m, the exhaust material stays in the collection chamber 21 for a shorter time, resulting in a poorer cooling effect and an exhaust temperature > 100℃, polluting the environment, but the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 2, L2 > 0.5m, the exhaust material stays in the collection chamber 21 for a longer time, preventing it from quickly discharging to the outside of the housing 20, leading to excessive internal pressure and ultimately causing the housing 20 to fail to seal.

[0468] Table 4

[0469] As shown in Table 4, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 0.1mm ≤ H ≤ 1mm, the outlet gap is relatively large, the flow velocity of the exhaust at the outlet 31a is relatively fast, the exhaust can be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, the convection velocity with the outside air is relatively fast, the cooling effect of the exhaust is good, the exhaust temperature is ≤100℃, and the housing 20 is well sealed. In Comparative Example 1, H < 0.1mm, the exhaust cannot be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, the internal pressure of the housing 20 is too high, resulting in the failure of the housing 20 seal. In Comparative Example 2, H > 1mm, the exhaust is quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, the exhaust temperature is >100℃, and the environment is polluted.

[0470] Table 5

[0471] As shown in Table 5, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 10mm... 2 ≤S1≤90mm 2 The exhaust gap of outlet 31a is relatively large, allowing the exhaust material to be quickly discharged to the outside of the chamber 20. The convection speed with the outside air is fast, resulting in good cooling of the exhaust material. The exhaust temperature is ≤100℃, and the chamber 20 is well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S1 < 10mm 2 The emissions could not be quickly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, resulting in excessive internal pressure and causing the housing 20 to fail to seal. In Comparative Example 2, S1 > 90mm 2 The emissions are rapidly discharged to the outside of the housing 20, and the emission temperature is >100℃, polluting the environment.

[0472] Table 6

[0473] As shown in Table 6, in Examples 1-5, with V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and thermal conductivity ≥ 30W / (m·K), the exhaust channel 22 wall has good thermal conductivity, resulting in good cooling of the exhaust and an exhaust temperature ≤ 100℃. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, with thermal conductivity < 30W / (m·K), the exhaust channel 22 wall has poor thermal conductivity, resulting in an exhaust temperature > 100℃.

[0474] Table 7

[0475] As shown in Table 7, in Examples 1-5, with V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 0.2mm ≤ D ≤ 4mm, the wall strength of the exhaust channel 22 is high, resulting in good heat transfer between the exhaust material and the wall of the exhaust channel 22. The exhaust temperature is ≤100℃, and the housing 20 is well sealed. In Comparative Example 1, with D < 0.2mm, the wall thickness of the exhaust channel 22 is relatively thin, and the wall is breached by the high-temperature exhaust material, causing the housing 20 to fail to seal. In Comparative Example 2, with D > 4mm, the wall thickness of the exhaust channel 22 is relatively thick, resulting in poor heat transfer between the exhaust material and the wall of the exhaust channel 22. The exhaust temperature is >100℃.

[0476] Table 8

[0477] As shown in Table 8, in Examples 1-7, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, 0.1 ≤ S2 / S3 ≤ 10, the exhaust temperature ≤ 100℃, the internal pressure of the housing 20 is low, and the housing 20 is well sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S2 / S3 < 0.1, the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is too small, the internal pressure of the housing 20 is too high, and the seal of the housing 20 fails. In Comparative Example 2, S2 / S3 > 10, the air inlet 22a of the exhaust channel 22 is too large, the residence time of the exhaust in the collection chamber 21 is short, the cooling effect of the exhaust is poor, and the exhaust temperature > 100℃.

[0478] Table 9

[0479] As shown in Table 9, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 150mm... 2 ≤S2≤3200mm 2 This design facilitates both cooling of the waste within the collection chamber 21 and rapid discharge of the waste to the outside of the housing 20. The discharge temperature is ≤100℃, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S2 < 150mm 2 The emissions enter the exhaust passage 22 at a slow speed, causing excessive pressure buildup inside the housing 20, which leads to seal failure of the housing 20. In Comparative Example 2, S2 > 3200 mm 2 The cooling effect of the emissions in the collection chamber 21 is poor, and the discharge temperature of the emissions is >100℃.

[0480] Table 10

[0481] When conducting the test in Table 10, the total area S2 of the multiple air inlets 22a of the exhaust channel 22 can be selected to be 1000 mm². 2 As shown in Table 10, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 100mm... 2 ≤S3≤1500mm2 This design facilitates both cooling of the waste within the collection chamber 21 and rapid discharge of the waste to the outside of the housing 20. The discharge temperature is ≤100℃, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S3 < 100mm. 2 When high-temperature flue gas mixes with air, combustion occurs, causing the seal of chamber 20 to fail. In Comparative Example 2, S3 > 1500 mm. 2 The cooling effect of the emissions in the collection chamber 21 is poor, and the discharge temperature of the emissions is >100℃.

[0482] Table 11

[0483] As shown in Table 11, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 10mm... 2 ≤S4≤90mm 2 The emission temperature is ≤100℃, and the enclosure is well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S4 < 10mm. 2 The exhaust passage 22 was blocked, causing excessive internal pressure in the housing 20, which led to the failure of the housing 20's seal. In Comparative Example 2, S4 > 90mm 2 The emission temperature is >100℃.

[0484] Table 12

[0485] As shown in Table 12, in Examples 1-5, V = 30L, L1 = 2m, and 150mm... 2 ≤S5≤3200mm 2 This design facilitates both cooling of the waste within the collection chamber 21 and rapid discharge of the waste to the outside of the housing 20. The discharge temperature is ≤100℃, and the housing 20 remains well-sealed. In Comparative Example 1, S5 < 150mm 2 The emissions enter the exhaust passage 22 at a slow speed, causing excessive pressure buildup inside the housing 20, which leads to seal failure of the housing 20. In Comparative Example 2, S5 > 3200 mm 2 The cooling effect of the emissions in the collection chamber 21 is poor, and the discharge temperature of the emissions is >100℃.

[0486] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized by, The battery device comprises: a battery cell having a first pressure relief mechanism; a box body for accommodating the battery cell; a second pressure relief mechanism arranged in the box body; wherein the box body has a collection cavity for collecting the exhaust of the battery cell when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, and an exhaust passage for connecting the collection cavity and the second pressure relief mechanism; the volume of the collection cavity is V, and the length of the exhaust passage is L1, satisfying 15L≤V≤270L and 0.2m≤L1≤20m.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized by 30L≤V≤210L.

3. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by 2m≤L1≤15m.

4. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The shortest distance between the first pressure relief mechanism and the air inlet of the exhaust passage is L2, satisfying 0.1m≤L2≤0.5m.

5. The battery device of claim 4, wherein 0.2m≤L2≤0.4m.

6. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The first pressure relief mechanism is arranged away from the air inlet of the exhaust passage.

7. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The second pressure relief mechanism comprises a valve body and a valve core, the valve body has an air outlet, and the valve core is movably arranged in the valve body and used for closing or opening the air outlet; the maximum moving distance of the valve core relative to the valve body is H, satisfying 0.1mm≤H≤1mm.

8. The battery device of claim 7, wherein, 0.25mm≤H≤0.85mm.

9. The battery device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by, The area of the air outlet is S1, satisfying, 10mm 2 ≤S1≤90mm 2 .

10. The battery device of claim 9, wherein, 15 mm 2 ≤ S1≤ 65 mm 2 .

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized by, The second pressure relief mechanism further comprises an elastic member connecting the valve body and the valve core, and the elastic member is used for driving the valve core to close the air outlet.

12. The battery device of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The box body further has an electrical cavity, the battery cell is arranged in the electrical cavity, and the collection cavity is part of the electrical cavity.

13. The battery device of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The box body further has an electrical cavity, and the battery cell is arranged in the electrical cavity. The battery device further comprises a separation component, and the electrical cavity and the collection cavity are located on two sides of the separation component.

14. The battery device of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The energy density of the battery cell is E, satisfying 160Wh / L≤E≤850Wh / L.

15. The battery device of any one of claims 1-14, wherein, The thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust passage is greater than or equal to 30W / (m·K).

16. The battery device of claim 15, wherein, The thermal conductivity of the wall of the exhaust passage is greater than or equal to 80W / (m·K).

17. The battery device of any one of claims 1-16, wherein, The minimum thickness of the wall of the exhaust passage is D, satisfying 0.2mm≤D≤4mm.

18. The battery device of claim 17, wherein, 0.8mm≤D≤3mm.

19. The battery device of any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The air inlet of the exhaust passage is provided with a plurality of air inlets.

20. The battery device of claim 19, wherein, The total area of the plurality of air inlets of the exhaust passage is S2, and the area of the first pressure relief mechanism is S3, satisfying 0.1≤S2 / S3≤10.

21. The battery device of claim 20, wherein, 0.5≤S2 / S3≤5.

22. The battery device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized by 150 mm 2 ≤ S2 ≤ 3200 mm 2 .

23. The battery device of claim 22, wherein, 200 mm 2 ≤ S2≤ 2200 mm 2 .

24. The battery device of any one of claims 20-23, wherein, 100 mm 2 ≤ S3 ≤ 1500 mm 2 .

25. The battery device of claim 24, wherein, 300 mm 2 ≤ S3 ≤ 1200 mm 2 .

26. The battery device of any one of claims 1-25, wherein, The minimum flow area of the exhaust passage is S4, satisfying, 10mm 2 ≤ S4 ≤ 90mm 2 .

27. The battery device of claim 26, wherein, 20 mm 2 ≤ S4 ≤ 60 mm 2 .

28. The battery device of any one of claims 1-27, wherein, The area of the air inlet of the exhaust passage is S5, satisfying, 150mm 2 ≤S5≤3200mm 2 .

29. The battery device of claim 28, wherein, 200 mm 2 ≤ S5 ≤ 2200 mm 2 .

30. The battery device of any one of claims 1-29, wherein, The box body comprises a frame, and the inside of the frame is hollow to form at least part of the exhaust passage.

31. The battery device of claim 30, wherein, The exhaust passage extends along the circumference of the frame.

32. The battery device of any one of claims 1-29, wherein, The box body comprises a box body and an exhaust pipe, the collection cavity is arranged in the box body, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the box body, and the inside of the exhaust pipe forms the exhaust passage.

33. The battery device of claim 32, wherein, The exhaust pipe is located outside the box body, and one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the box body.

34. The battery device of claim 32 or 33, wherein, The exhaust pipe comprises a plurality of pipe segments connected in sequence, and the melting points of the plurality of pipe segments decrease in sequence along the flow direction of the exhaust.

35. The battery device of any one of claims 1-34, wherein, The battery device further comprises a turbulence member disposed within the exhaust passage, the turbulence member for changing a flow path of the exhaust within the exhaust passage.

36. The battery device of any one of claims 1-35, wherein, The battery device further comprises a filter member disposed within the exhaust passage, the filter member for filtering solid particles in the exhaust within the exhaust passage.

37. The battery device of any one of claims 1-36, wherein, The battery device further comprises an adsorption member disposed within the exhaust passage, the adsorption member for adsorbing solid particles and / or liquid in the exhaust within the exhaust passage.

38. The battery device of any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The battery device further comprises a condensation member disposed within the exhaust passage, the condensation member comprising condensation nuclei particles.

39. An electrical device, comprising: A battery device as claimed in any one of claims 1-38 for providing electrical energy to the electrical device.

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