Connection management function re-allocation
By separating the AMF into CMF and RMF in 5G networks, the inefficiencies of frequent re-allocation are mitigated, improving network management and stability through optimized connection and registration processes.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing 5G systems, the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) is overloaded with both Connection Management Function (CMF) and Registration Management Function (RMF) responsibilities, leading to frequent re-allocation issues when deployed near the Radio Access Network (RAN), which is inefficient.
The AMF functionalities are split into separate CMF and RMF network functions, with CMF managing connections and RMF handling registrations, enabling efficient re-allocation and reducing frequent deployments.
This separation reduces the frequency of AMF re-allocation, enhancing network efficiency and stability by optimizing the management of connection and registration processes in 5G wireless networks.
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Figure CN2025075232_30072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CONNECTION MANAGEMENT FUNCTION RE-ALLOCATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This document is directed generally to digital wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0002] Mobile telecommunication technologies are moving the world toward an increasingly connected and networked society. In comparison with the existing wireless networks, next generation systems and wireless communication techniques will need to support a much wider range of use-case characteristics and provide a more complex and sophisticated range of access requirements and flexibilities.
[0003] Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is a wireless communication standard that enhances the LTE standard. The 5th generation of wireless systems, known as 5G, advances the LTE and LTE-A wireless standards and is committed to supporting higher data rates, a larger number of connections, ultra-low latency, high reliability and other emerging business needs.SUMMARY
[0004] Techniques are disclosed for supporting Connection Management Function (CMF) and Registration Management Function (RMF) network architecture, and particularly CMF re-allocation.
[0005] In one exemplary aspect, a method of wireless communication performed at a first network function (e.g., a CMF, a new CMF, or a target CMF) is disclosed. The method includes transmitting, by the first network function configured to manage connections in a wireless network, a request message to a second network function configured to manage registrations in the wireless network. The method further includes receiving, by the first network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters from the second network function.
[0006] In another exemplary aspect, a method of wireless communication performed at a second network function (e.g., an RMF) is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by the second network function configured to manage registrations in a wireless network, a request message from a first network function configured to manage connections in the wireless network. The method further includes transmitting, by the second network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters to the first network function.
[0007] In yet another exemplary aspect, the above-described methods are embodied in the form of processor-executable code and stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The code included in the computer-readable storage medium, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the methods described in this patent document.
[0008] In yet another exemplary embodiment, a device that is configured or operable to perform the above-described methods is disclosed. The device may include at least one processor configured to execute program code to cause the device to implement the above-described methods.
[0009] The above and other aspects and their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary 5G system architecture.
[0011] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary Non-Access Stratum (NAS) protocol and NAS transport for other messages.
[0012] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary network architecture with a Connection Management Function (CMF) and a Registration Management Function (RMF) .
[0013] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary NAS protocol and NAS transport for other messages with CMF and RMF.
[0014] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary initial registration procedure.
[0015] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary mobility registration update procedure.
[0016] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary N2-based handover procedure.
[0017] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform that may be a part of a network device or a communication device.
[0018] FIG. 9 shows an example of wireless communication including a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) based on some implementations of the disclosed technology.
[0019] FIG. 10 shows an exemplary flowchart for performing a wireless communication method.
[0020] FIG. 11 shows an exemplary flowchart for performing a wireless communication method.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In existing 5G systems, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) comprises both a Connection Management Function (CMF) and a Registration Management Function (RMF) . Certain consensus has been reached within the industry that with too many functionalities managed by AMF, it is not appropriate to deploy AMF close to a Radio Access Network (RAN) , because with such deployment AMF re-allocation would happen frequently in a mobility scenario. Therefore, it is proposed to split AMF functionalities into two Network Functions (NFs) : CMF and RMF. In such cases, the RMF that manages a Registration Management (RM) state does not have to be re-allocated frequently in a mobility scenario. Thus, this patent document describes techniques to support CMF and RMF network architecture, and particularly CMF re-allocation.
[0022] The example headings for the various sections below are used to facilitate the understanding of the disclosed subject matter and do not limit the scope of the claimed subject matter in any way. Accordingly, one or more features of one example section can be combined with one or more features of another example section. Furthermore, 5G terminology is used for the sake of clarity of explanation, but the techniques disclosed in the present document are not limited to 5G technology only and may be used in wireless systems that implement other protocols.
[0023] I. Introduction
[0024] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary 5G system architecture. As shown, the 5G system architecture includes the following Network Functions (NFs) :
[0025] ● User Equipment (UE) .
[0026] ● Radio Access Network (RAN) .
[0027] ● Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) . This NF includes functionalities such as UE Mobility Management, Reachability Management, Connection Management and Registration Management. The AMF terminates the RAN Control Plane (CP) interface N2 and Non-Access Stratum (NAS) interface N1 and NAS ciphering and integrity protection. It also distributes messages to corresponding NFs via a corresponding interface.
[0028] ● Unified Data Management (UDM) . This NF manages the subscription profile for the UEs. The subscription data may be stored in the Unified Data Repository (UDR) . The subscription information includes access and mobility subscription data needed for UE registration and mobility management, slice selection subscription data needed for slice selection, Service Management Function (SMF) selection subscription data needed for SMF selection, and session management subscription data needed for Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session establishment. Other NFs, e.g., AMF and SMF, retrieve subscription data from the UDM.
[0029] ● Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) . This NF supports the following functionality: selecting the set of network slice instances serving the UE; determining the allowed Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (NSSAI) and, if needed, the mapping to the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) Single-Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (S-NSSAIs) ; determining the configured NSSAI and, if needed, the mapping to the HPLMN S-NSSAIs; determining the AMF set to be used to serve the UE, or, based on configuration, a list of candidate AMF (s) , possibly by querying the Network Repository Function (NRF) .
[0030] ● Session Management Function (SMF) . This NF includes the following functionalities: session establishment, modification and release, UE internet protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane (UP) function, etc.
[0031] ● User Plane Function (UPF) . This NF serves as an anchor point for intra- / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility and as the external PDU session point of interconnect to a Data Network (DN) . The UPF also routes and forwards the data packet according to the indication from the SMF. It also buffers the downlink (DL) data when the UE is in idle mode.
[0032] ● Policy Control Function (PCF) . This NF supports a unified policy framework to govern network behavior. The PCF provides access management policy to the AMF, or session management policy to the SMF, or UE policy to the UE. The PCF can access the UDR to obtain the subscription information relevant for policy decisions.
[0033] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary NAS protocol and NAS transport for other messages.
[0034] NAS-MM: The NAS protocol for MM (Mobility Management) functionality supports both registration management functionality and connection management functionality. It is also responsible for ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signaling. There are multiple cases of protocols between the UE and a core network function (excluding the AMF) that need to be transported over N1 via NAS-MM protocol. Such cases include Session Management Signaling, Short Message Services (SMS) , UE Policy, Location Services (LCS) and so on.
[0035] Various aspects of the disclosed techniques are described in the below captioned embodiments sections. The disclosed techniques may be used to support CMF and RMF network architecture, and particularly CMF re-allocation. These techniques are grouped under different embodiment headings for ease of explanation, and techniques described in different embodiments may be combined in preferred implementations.
[0036] II. Embodiment #1
[0037] This section describes, among other things, a network architecture with a CMF and an RMF.
[0038] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary network architecture with a CMF and an RMF. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the CMF terminates both N1 and N2 interfaces. The CMF is responsible for ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signaling. The RMF is responsible for registration management.
[0039] III. Embodiment #2
[0040] This section discloses, among other things, a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) protocol and NAS transport for other messages with a CMF and an RMF.
[0041] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary NAS protocol and NAS transport for other messages with a CMF and an RMF. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the NAS protocol functionality supports connection management functionality. It is also responsible for ciphering and integrity protection of NAS signaling. There are multiple cases of protocols between the UE and a core network function (excluding the CMF) that need to be transported over N1 via NAS protocol. Such cases include RM signaling to the RMF, session management (SM) signaling to SMF, UE Policy to the UE-PCF, LCS to the Location Management Function (LMF) , and so on.
[0042] IV. Embodiment #3
[0043] This section discloses, among other things, an initial registration procedure.
[0044] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary initial registration procedure, which includes at least the following operations. In this example, a communication device is denoted by UE, and a network device is denoted by RAN.
[0045] 1. UE to RAN: Access Network (AN) message (AN parameters, registration request) .
[0046] The UE initiates a registration procedure for initial registration by sending a registration request message to a network.
[0047] The AN parameters may include an identifier for a specific CMF (e.g., Globally Unique CMF Identifier (GUCMI) , which comprises MCC, MNC and CMF identifiers, and CMF Identifier, which comprises CMF Region ID, CMF Set ID and CMF Pointer) or an identifier for a specific CMF and UE (e.g., system temporary mobile subscription identifier (S-TMSI) , which comprises CMF set ID, CMF pointer and TMSI) .
[0048] If the UE is located in the registration area assigned by the network, the UE provides S-TMSI to the RAN if S-TMSI is available. If the UE is located outside the registration area assigned by the network, the UE provides GUCMI to the RAN if GUCMI is available.
[0049] 2. RAN: CMF selection.
[0050] If S-TMSI or GUCMI is included and indicates a valid CMF in the RAN, the RAN selects a corresponding CMF and forwards the message to the corresponding CMF.
[0051] If S-TMSI or GUCMI is not included or the S-TMSI or GUCMI does not indicate a valid CMF in the RAN, the RAN selects a CMF, e.g., based on RAT, UE location, RAN service area, other AN parameters or local configuration.
[0052] 3. RAN to CMF.
[0053] The RAN forwards the registration request message to the CMF.
[0054] 4. CMF to RMF.
[0055] CMF selects an RMF for the UE and sends a registration request message to the RMF.
[0056] 5. RMF to CMF.
[0057] RMF determines whether to accept the UE registration, e.g., based on the subscription data retrieved from the UDM. If the registration request is accepted, the RMF sends registration accept parameters to CMF. The registration accept parameters include, e.g., mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0058] RMF may subscribe to CMF service for, e.g., notification of expiry of mobile reachable timer, notification of expiry of implicit de-registration timer, notification of expiry of slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0059] 6. CMF to UE.
[0060] CMF stores registration accept parameters, e.g., mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI.
[0061] CMF sends a registration accept message to UE via RAN.
[0062] 7.
[0063] 1) Mobile reachable timer:
[0064] CMF supervises the registration procedure for periodic registration update of the UE by means of the mobile reachable timer. The mobile reachable timer is reset and started with the value received from RMF or locally configured when the CMF releases the NAS signaling connection for the UE. The mobile reachable timer is stopped when a NAS signaling connection is established for the UE. The network behavior upon expiry of the mobile reachable timer is network dependent, but typically the CMF stops sending paging messages to the UE on the first expiry, and may take other appropriate actions. CMF may send to RMF an indication / notification that the mobile reachable timer has expired.
[0065] 2) Implicit de-registration timer:
[0066] Implicit de-registration timer is used by a network to control when the UE is considered implicitly de-registered over a corresponding access type.
[0067] CMF starts the implicit de-registration timer with the value received from RMF over the corresponding access type upon expiry of the mobile reachable timer or when the UE enters CM-IDLE mode at the CMF over the corresponding access type. The implicit de-registration timer is stopped when a NAS signaling connection is established for the UE.
[0068] If the implicit de-registration timer expires before the UE contacts the network, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification that the implicit de-registration timer has expired. RMF implicitly de-registers the UE and the RMF may initiate a de-registration procedure to UE via CMF.
[0069] 3) Slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI:
[0070] If CMF receives a slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, e.g., from RMF, CMF starts the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI if the last PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI is released and there is no established PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI over the corresponding access type.
[0071] CMF stops and resets the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI if at least a PDU session associated with the allowed S-NSSAI is successfully established over the corresponding access type or the S-NSSAI is removed from the allowed NSSAI or partially allowed NSSAI.
[0072] Upon expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification that the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI has expired and also indicates the allowed S-NSSAI value.
[0073] For UE supporting network slice usage control, RMF locally removes the S-NSSAI from the allowed NSSAI over the corresponding access type. In addition, the RMF may send the CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message to the UE via CMF with the updated allowed NSSAI. For UE not supporting network slice usage control, RMF provides the updated allowed NSSAI excluding the S-NSSAI in the CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message to the UE via CMF.
[0074] 4) Network slice replacement:
[0075] If CMF receives from RMF S-NSSAI to be replaced and subscription of notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0076] RMF determines to perform network slice replacement and provides alternative NSSAI including the S-NSSAI to be replaced and the alternative S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI including the alternative S-NSSAI if not included yet, configured NSSAI including the alternative S-NSSAI if not included yet to UE via configuration update command message or registration accept message. RMF provides alternative NSSAI to CMF.
[0077] CMF uses SMF selection subscription data of the S-NSSAI to be replaced and selects a suitable SMF supporting network slice replacement and the alternative S-NSSAI. The CMF provides both the alternative S-NSSAI and the S-NSSAI to be replaced to the SMF in Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext service operation.
[0078] V. Embodiment #4
[0079] This section discloses, among other things, a mobility registration update procedure. In some examples, the mobility registration update procedure is implemented when the communication device (e.g., UE) is located outside a registration area assigned by the network and inside a geographic area covered by the network device (e.g., BS) .
[0080] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary mobility registration update procedure. As shown, the exemplary mobility registration update procedure includes the following operations. In this example, a communication device is denoted by UE, and a network device is denoted by RAN.
[0081] 1. UE to RAN.
[0082] AN message (AN parameters, registration request) .
[0083] The UE initiates a registration procedure for a mobility registration update by sending a registration request message to a network. The registration request message includes a Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI) assigned by the network.
[0084] The AN parameters include GUCMI or S-TMSI.
[0085] 2. RAN: CMF selection.
[0086] If the S-TMSI or GUCMI does not indicate a valid CMF in the RAN, the RAN selects a CMF, e.g., based on RAT, UE location, RAN service area, other AN parameters or local configuration.
[0087] 3. RAN to new CMF.
[0088] The RAN forwards the registration request message to the new CMF.
[0089] 4. New CMF to old CMF: Ncmf_Communication_UEContextTransfer (complete Registration Request) .
[0090] The new CMF determines the old CMF with the UE’s GUTI. If the UE’s GUTI is included in the registration request message and the serving CMF has changed since the last registration procedure, the new CMF may invoke the Ncmf_communication_UEContextTransfer service operation of the old CMF including the complete Registration Request NAS message, which may be integrity protected, as well as the Access Type, to request the UE’s Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI) and UE Context.
[0091] 5. Old CMF to new CMF: Response to Ncmf_Communication_UEContextTransfer (SUPI, UE Context in CMF) .
[0092] Old CMF responds to the new CMF with UE’s SUPI and UE context in CMF.
[0093] The old CMF also transfers event subscriptions information by each NF consumer, for the UE, to the new CMF.
[0094] UE context in CMF includes, e.g., RMF information (e.g., RMF ID, RMF address, RMF callback Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) ) , security context, restricted RAT list, forbidden area list, service area restriction, Closed Access Group (CAG) information, UE Type (e.g., NR RedCap UE) , UE capability (e.g., UE positioning capability) , Discontinuous Reception (DRX) related parameters, Radio Access Technology (RAT) Frequency Selection Priority (RFSP) index, UE-Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (AMBR) , UE-Slice-Maximum Bit Rate (MBR) , Short Message Service Function (SMSF) identifier (ID) , PDU session context, LCS UP context, SMF selection subscription data, UE-PCF ID, UE policy container, UE policy enable indication) .
[0095] UE context in CMF may also include, e.g., mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0096] 6. New CMF to RMF.
[0097] New CMF sends the registration request message to RMF by invoking corresponding RMF service, e.g., Nrmf_UEregistration_request.
[0098] New CMF may request to retrieve certain parameters from RMF, e.g., security context, restricted RAT list, forbidden area list, service area restriction, CAG information, UE Type (e.g., NR RedCap UE) , UE capability (e.g., UE positioning capability) , DRX related parameters, RFSP index, UE-AMBR, UE-Slice-MBR, mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0099] The request message includes, e.g., SUPI, UE location, current Tracking Area Identity (TAI) , T-CMF ID, T-CMF callback URI.
[0100] 7. RMF to new CMF.
[0101] RMF determines whether to accept the UE registration, e.g., based on the subscription data retrieved from the UDM. If the registration request is accepted, the RMF sends registration accept parameters to the new CMF. The registration accept parameters include, e.g., mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced, security context, restricted RAT list, forbidden area list, service area restriction, CAG information, UE Type (e.g., NR RedCap UE) , UE capability (e.g., UE positioning capability) , DRX related parameters, RFSP index, UE-AMBR, UE-Slice-MBR.
[0102] RMF may subscribe to CMF service for, e.g., notification of expiry of mobile reachable timer, notification of expiry of implicit de-registration timer, notification of expiry of slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0103] 8. New CMF to old CMF: Ncmf_Communication_RegistrationStatusUpdate.
[0104] If the CMF has changed, the new CMF informs the old CMF that the registration of the UE in the new CMF is completed by invoking the Ncmf_Communication_RegistrationStatusUpdate service operation. The request message may include an indication that the previous UE context transfer is completed. Alternatively, or in addition, the request message may include a list of one or more PDU sessions to be released.
[0105] 9. New CMF to UDM.
[0106] New CMF registers with the UDM using Nudm_UECM_Registration for the access to be registered.
[0107] 10. New CMF to UE.
[0108] CMF stores registration accept parameters, e.g., mobile reachable timer, implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI.
[0109] CMF sends registration accept message to UE via RAN.
[0110] 11:
[0111] 1) Mobile reachable timer:
[0112] CMF supervises the registration procedure for periodic registration update of the UE by means of the mobile reachable timer. The mobile reachable timer is reset and started with the value received from RMF or locally configured when the CMF releases the NAS signaling connection for the UE. The mobile reachable timer is stopped when a NAS signaling connection is established for the UE. The network behavior upon expiry of the mobile reachable timer is network dependent, but typically the CMF stops sending paging messages to the UE on the first expiry, and may take other appropriate actions. CMF may send to RMF an indication / notification that the mobile reachable timer has expired.
[0113] 2) Implicit de-registration timer:
[0114] An implicit de-registration timer is used by a network to control when the UE is considered implicitly de-registered over a corresponding access type.
[0115] CMF starts the implicit de-registration timer with the value received from RMF over corresponding access type upon expiry of the mobile reachable timer or when the UE enters CM-IDLE mode at the CMF over the corresponding access type. The implicit de-registration timer is stopped when a NAS signaling connection is established for the UE.
[0116] If the implicit de-registration timer expires before the UE contacts the network, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification that the implicit de-registration timer has expired. RMF implicitly de-registers the UE and the RMF may initiate a de-registration procedure to the UE via CMF.
[0117] 3) Slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI:
[0118] If CMF receives a slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, e.g., from RMF, CMF starts the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI if the last PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI is released and there is no established PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI over the corresponding access type.
[0119] CMF stops and resets the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI if at least a PDU session associated with the allowed S-NSSAI is successfully established over the corresponding access type or the S-NSSAI is removed from the allowed NSSAI or partially allowed NSSAI.
[0120] Upon expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification that the slice de-registration inactivity timer for an allowed S-NSSAI has expired and also indicates the allowed S-NSSAI value.
[0121] For UE supporting network slice usage control, RMF locally removes the S-NSSAI from the allowed NSSAI over the corresponding access type. In addition, the RMF may send the CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message to the UE via CMF with the updated allowed NSSAI. For UE not supporting network slice usage control, RMF provides the updated allowed NSSAI excluding the S-NSSAI in the CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message to the UE via CMF.
[0122] 4) Network slice replacement:
[0123] If CMF receives from RMF S-NSSAI to be replaced and subscription of notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced, the CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0124] RMF determines to perform network slice replacement and provides alternative NSSAI including the S-NSSAI to be replaced and the alternative S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI including the alternative S-NSSAI if not included yet, configured NSSAI including the alternative S-NSSAI if not included yet to the UE via configuration update command message or registration accept message. RMF provides alternative NSSAI to CMF.
[0125] CMF uses SMF selection subscription data of the S-NSSAI to be replaced and selects a suitable SMF supporting network slice replacement and the alternative S-NSSAI. The CMF provides both the alternative S-NSSAI and the S-NSSAI to be replaced to the SMF in Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext service operation.
[0126] VI. Embodiment #5
[0127] This section discloses, among other things, N2-based handover procedure. In some examples, the N2-based handover procedure is implemented when the communication device (e.g., UE) is located outside a geographic area covered by a source network device (e.g., S-RAN) .
[0128] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary N2-based handover procedure. As shown, the exemplary N2-based handover procedure includes the following operations. In this example, a communication device is denoted by UE, a source network device is denoted by S-RAN, a target network device is denoted by T-RAN, a source CMF is denoted by S-CMF, and a target CMF is denoted by T-CMF.
[0129] 1. S-RAN to S-CMF.
[0130] Handover Required (Target ID, Source to Target transparent container, SM N2 information list, PDU Session ID (s) ) .
[0131] Source to Target transparent container includes RAN information created by S-RAN to be used by T-RAN and is transparent to 5GC.
[0132] All PDU Session (s) handled by S-RAN (i.e., all existing PDU Session (s) with active user plane connections) are included in the Handover Required message, indicating which PDU session (s) are requested by S-RAN to handover.
[0133] 2. S-CMF: T-CMF selection.
[0134] S-CMF determines whether to select a T-CMF to serve the UE. S-CMF invokes the Nnrf_NFDiscovery_Request service operation from the NRF to find a proper target CMF to serve the UE. The request message includes, e.g., NF type set to CMF, UE location, TAI, RAN service area. NRF replies Nnrf_NFDiscovery_Response with potential target CMF (s) .
[0135] 3. S-CMF to T-CMF: Ncmf_Communication_CreateUEContext Request (N2 Information, UE context information) .
[0136] The source CMF initiates Handover resource allocation procedure by invoking the Ncmf_Communication_CreateUEContext service operation towards the target CMF. The request message includes N2 information and UE context information.
[0137] N2 information includes information received from S-RAN.
[0138] UE context information includes, e.g., SUPI, security context, RMF information (e.g., RMF ID, RMF address, RMF callback URI) , mobile reachable timer and timer value, implicit de-registration timer and timer value, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced, service area restriction, list of PDU Session IDs along with corresponding SMF information (e.g., SMF ID, SMF address, SMF callback URI) and corresponding S-NSSAI, PCF ID, DNN, UE Radio Capability Information, N2 Notify URI. N2 Notify URI is the N2 Notify URI of the source CMF, which is used by the T-CMF to send N2 handover notify to the S-CMF.
[0139] 4. T-CMF to RMF.
[0140] T-CMF may send a request message to RMF to request certain parameters for the UE, e.g., security context, mobile reachable timer and timer value, implicit de-registration timer and timer value, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced, service area restriction. The request message includes, e.g., SUPI, UE location, current TAI, T-CMF ID, T-CMF callback URI.
[0141] 5. RMF to T-CMF.
[0142] RMF responds to T-CMF with certain parameters for the UE, e.g., security context, mobile reachable timer and timer value, implicit de-registration timer and timer value, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, allowed NSSAI, alternative NSSAI including one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, S-NSSAI to be replaced, service area restriction.
[0143] 6. T-CMF to SMF: Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext (PDU Session ID, T-CMF ID, Target ID, N2 SM Information) .
[0144] T-CMF determines whether to invoke handover of the PDU session (s) indicated by S-RAN, e.g., if the S-NSSAI associated with the PDU session is not available in T-CMF then the T-CMF does not invoke handover of the PDU session.
[0145] If T-CMF receives a slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, e.g., from RMF or from S-CMF, if the last PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI over the corresponding access type is released, the T-CMF starts the timer. Upon expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer for the S-NSSAI, T-CMF sends to RMF an indication / notification that the slice de-registration inactivity timer for the S-NSSAI has expired and also indicates the S-NSSAI value.
[0146] If the T-CMF detects that the UE moves into a non-allowed area based on a service area restriction, the T-CMF notifies each NF consumer which has subscribed for UE reachability event (e.g., SMFs corresponding to the list of PDU Sessions received in UE Context from S-CMF via Ncmf_EventExposure_Notify) that the UE is only reachable for regulatory prioritized services.
[0147] PDU Session ID indicates a PDU Session candidate for N2 Handover. Target ID and SM N2 Information are provided by S-RAN.
[0148] If T-CMF receives alternative NSSAI, e.g., from RMF or from S-CMF, T-CMF provides both the alternative S-NSSAI and the S-NSSAI to be replaced to the SMF in Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext service operation.
[0149] 7. SMF to T-CMF: Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response (PDU Session ID, N2 SM Information) .
[0150] SMF includes N2 SM Information containing N3 UP address and the UL CN Tunnel ID of the UPF, the QoS parameters, for the Target RAN.
[0151] 8. T-CMF to T-RAN: Handover Request (Source to Target transparent container, N2 connection management (CM) Information, N2 SM Information list) .
[0152] T-CMF determines T-RAN based on Target ID.
[0153] T-CMF may allocate a GUTI for the UE and send the allocated GUTI to the UE. In some examples, T-CMF may allocate a GUTI valid for the UE in the CMF and target TAI.
[0154] Source to Target transparent container is forwarded as received from S-RAN.
[0155] N2 CM Information includes, e.g., security information and Mobility Restriction List if available in the T-CMF.
[0156] N2 SM Information list includes N2 SM Information received from SMFs for the T-RAN in the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response messages.
[0157] 9. T-RAN to T-CMF: Handover Request Acknowledge (Target to Source transparent container, List of PDU Sessions to Handover with N2 SM information) .
[0158] Target to Source transparent container includes a UE container with an access stratum part and a NAS part. The UE container is sent transparently via T-CMF, S-CMF and S-RAN to the UE.
[0159] The N2 SM information in the List Of PDU Sessions to Handover contains per each PDU Session ID T-RAN N3 addressing information, i.e., N3 UP address and Tunnel ID of T-RAN for the PDU Session.
[0160] 10. T-CMF to SMF: For each N2 SM response received from the T-RAN (N2 SM information included in Handover Request Acknowledge) , T-CMF sends the received N2 SM response to the SMF indicated by the respective PDU Session ID.
[0161] 11. SMF to T-CMF.
[0162] The SMF creates an N2 SM information containing the DL forwarding Tunnel Info to be sent to the S-RAN by the T-CMF. The SMF includes this information in the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext response.
[0163] 12. T-CMF to S-CMF: Ncmf_Communication_CreateUEContext Response (N2 information necessary for S-CMF to send Handover Command to S-RAN including Target to Source transparent container, N2 SM information (N3 DL forwarding Information, PCF ID) , Target CMF ID) .
[0164] 13. T-CMF to UDM: T-CMF registers with the UDM using Nudm_UECM_Registration for the access to be registered.
[0165] 14. S-CMF to S-RAN: Handover Command (Target to Source transparent container, List Of PDU Sessions to be handed over with N2 SM information containing information received from T-RAN during the handover preparation phase, List Of PDU Sessions failed to be set up) .
[0166] 15. S-RAN to UE: Handover Command (UE container) .
[0167] UE container is a UE part of the Target to Source transparent container which is sent transparently from T-RAN via CMF to S-RAN and is provided to the UE by the S-RAN.
[0168] 16. UE to T-RAN: Handover Confirm.
[0169] After the UE has successfully synchronized to the target cell, it sends a Handover Confirm message to the T-RAN. By this message, handover is considered successful by the UE.
[0170] 17. T-RAN to T-CMF: Handover Notify.
[0171] By this message, handover considered successful by the T-RAN.
[0172] 18. T-CMF to RMF: T-CMF notifies RMF of handover complete.
[0173] 19. UE initiates a Mobility Registration Update procedure. The target CMF and RMF knows that it is a handover procedure and therefore the target CMF and / or RMF performs only a subset of the registration procedure.
[0174] VI. Example Technologies
[0175] This section describes example techniques that are described in this patent document.
[0176] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary block diagram of a hardware platform 800 that may be a part of a network device (e.g., BS) or a communication device (e.g., UE) . The hardware platform 800 includes at least one processor 810 and a memory 805 having instructions stored thereupon. The instructions upon execution by the processor 810 configure the hardware platform 800 to perform the operations described in FIGS. 10-11 and in the various embodiments described in this patent document. A transmitter 815 transmits or sends information or data to another device. For example, a network device transmitter can send a message to a user equipment. A receiver 820 receives information or data transmitted or sent by another device. For example, a user equipment can receive a message from a network device.
[0177] The implementations as discussed above will apply to a wireless communication. FIG. 9 shows an example of a wireless communication system (e.g., a 5G or New Radio (NR) cellular network) that includes a BS 920 and one or more UEs 911, 912 and 913. In some embodiments, the UEs access the BS (e.g., the network) using a communication link to the network (sometimes called uplink direction, as depicted by dashed arrows 931, 932, 933) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the network to the UEs, sometimes called downlink direction, shown by arrows 941, 942, 943) from the BS to the UEs. In some embodiments, the BS sends information to the UEs (sometimes called downlink direction, as depicted by arrows 941, 942, 943) , which then enables subsequent communication (e.g., shown in the direction from the UEs to the BS, sometimes called uplink direction, shown by dashed arrows 931, 932, 933) from the UEs to the BS. The UE may be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, a mobile computer, a machine to machine (M2M) device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, and so on.
[0178] VII. Examples of preferred embodiments
[0179] FIG. 10 shows an exemplary flowchart for performing a wireless communication method. Operation 1002 includes transmitting, by a first network function configured to manage connections in a wireless network, a request message to a second network function configured to manage registrations in the wireless network. Operation 1004 includes receiving, by the first network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters from the second network function. The following techniques may be adopted by preferred embodiments.
[0180] In some embodiments, the method further comprises receiving, by the first network function from the second network function, responsive to the request message, one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events.
[0181] In some embodiments, the one or more registration parameters comprise at least one of: a mobile reachable timer, an implicit de-registration timer, a slice de-registration inactivity timer per Single-Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (S-NSSAI) , allowed Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (NSSAI) , alternative NSSAI comprising one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, or S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0182] In some embodiments, the one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events comprise one or more subscription requests for at least one of: a notification of expiry of the mobile reachable timer, a notification of expiry of the implicit de-registration timer, a notification of expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, or a notification when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0183] In some embodiments, the method further comprises storing, by the first network function, the one or more registration parameters following receipt from the second network function.
[0184] In some embodiments, the method further comprises at least one of: transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a first notification that the mobile reachable timer is expired; transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a second notification that the implicit de-registration timer is expired; transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a third notification that the slice de-registration inactivity timer for the allowed S-NSSAI is expired and a value of the allowed S-NSSAI; or transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a fourth notification when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0185] In some embodiments, the first network function is a CMF, and the second network function is an RMF.
[0186] In some embodiments, the method further comprises transmitting, by the first network function, a registration status update to a third network function configured to manage the connections in the wireless network, wherein the registration status update suggests that a registration of the communication device in the first network function is complete.
[0187] In some embodiments, the method further comprises transmitting, by the first network function to a third network function configured to manage the connections in the wireless network, responsive to a registration request message from a network device, a UE context transfer request message to request a UE Context associated with the communication device, wherein the registration request message comprises a GUTI associated with the communication device.
[0188] In some embodiments, the method further comprises receiving, by the first network function, responsive to the UE context transfer request message, the UE Context from the third network function.
[0189] In some embodiments, the UE Context comprises at least one of: RMF information, the security context, the restricted RAT list, the forbidden area list, the service area restriction, the CAG information, the UE type, the UE capability, the DRX related parameters, the RFSP index, the UE-AMBR, the UE-Slice-MBR, a Short Message Service Function (SMSF) identifier (ID) , a PDU session context, an LCS User Plane (UP) context, an SMF selection subscription data, a UE-Policy Control Function (PCF) information, the mobile reachable timer, the implicit de-registration timer, the slide de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, the allowed NSSAI, the alternative NSSAI comprising the one or more pairs of the S-NSSAI to be replaced and the alternative S-NSSAI, and the S-NSSAI to be updated, wherein the RMF information is associated with the second network function, and comprises at least one of: an RMF ID, an RMF address, or an RMF callback Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) , and wherein the UE-PCF information is associated with the communication device, and comprises at least one of: a PCF ID, a UE policy container, or a UE policy enable indication.
[0190] In some embodiments, the first network function is a new CMF, the second network function is an RMF, and the third network function is an old CMF.
[0191] In some embodiments, the method further comprises transmitting, by the first network function, the alternative S-NSSAI and the S-NSSAI to be replaced to a fourth network function configured to manage session services in the wireless network when the first network function receives the alternative NSSAI from the second network function or the third network function.
[0192] In some embodiments, the method further comprises transmitting, by the first network function, a notification to the second network function, wherein the notification indicates that a handover from a second network device to the first network device is complete upon receipt of the notification from the first network device.
[0193] In some embodiments, the first network function is a target CMF, the second network function is an RMF, the third network function is a source CMF, the fourth network function is an SMF, the first network device is a target network device, and the second network device is a source network device.
[0194] In some embodiments, the request message is a registration request or a registration parameter request.
[0195] FIG. 11 shows an exemplary flowchart for performing a wireless communication method. Operation 1102 includes receiving, by a second network function configured to manage registrations in a wireless network, a request message from a first network function configured to manage connections in the wireless network. Operation 1104 includes transmitting, by the second network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters to the first network function.
[0196] In some embodiments, the method further comprises transmitting, by the second network function to the first network function, responsive to the request message, one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events.
[0197] In some embodiments, the one or more registration parameters comprise at least one of: a mobile reachable timer, an implicit de-registration timer, a slice de-registration inactivity timer per Single-Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (S-NSSAI) , allowed Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (NSSAI) , alternative NSSAI comprising one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, or S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0198] In some embodiments, the one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events comprise one or more subscription requests for at least one of: a notification of expiry of the mobile reachable timer, a notification of expiry of the implicit de-registration timer, a notification of expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, or a notification when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced.
[0199] In some embodiments, the method further comprises at least one of: receiving, by the second network function from the first network function, a first notification that the mobile reachable timer is expired; initiating, by the second network function, responsive to a second notification from the first network function that the implicit de-registration timer is expired, implicit de-registration of the communication device or a de-registration procedure to the communication device via the first network function; removing, by the second network function, responsive to a third notification from the first network function that the slice de-registration inactivity time for the allowed S-NSSAI is expired and a value of the allowed S-NSSAI, the S-NSSAI from the allowed NSSAI over a corresponding access type; transmitting, by the second network function to the communication device via the first network function, responsive to the third notification from the first network function, a CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message with the updated allowed NSSAI; or providing, by the second network function to the first network function, responsive to a fourth notification from the first network function when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced, the alternative NSSAI.
[0200] In some embodiments, the first network function is a CMF, and the second network function is an RMF.
[0201] In some embodiments, the method further comprises receiving, by the second network function, a notification from the first network function, wherein the notification indicates that a handover from the second network device to the first network device is complete.
[0202] In some embodiments, the first network function is a target CMF, the second network function is an RMF, the third network function is a source CMF, the fourth network function is an SMF, the first network device is a target network device, and the second network device is a source network device.
[0203] In some embodiments, the request message is a registration request or a registration parameter request.
[0204] In this document the term “exemplary” is used to mean “an example of” and, unless otherwise stated, does not imply an ideal or a preferred embodiment.
[0205] VIII. Concluding remarks
[0206] It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the present document discloses various techniques to support CMF and RMF network architecture, and particularly CMF re-allocation.
[0207] CMF:
[0208] ● Receives a UE context transfer request from another CMF (step 4 of embodiment 4)
[0209] ● Sends the UE context (including, e.g., RMF information, security context, service area restriction) to another CMF (step 5 of embodiment 4, step 3 of embodiment 5)
[0210] ● Requests to retrieve certain parameters for the UE (e.g., implicit de-registration timer) from RMF
[0211] (step 6 of embodiment 4, step 4 of embodiment 5)
[0212] ● Receives one or more parameters for the UE (e.g., implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, alternative NSSAI) from RMF (step 5 of embodiment 3, step 7 of embodiment 4, step 5 of embodiment 5)
[0213] ● Receives subscription for notification of certain events (e.g., expiry of implicit de-registration timer, expiry of slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced) from RMF (step 5 of embodiment 3, step 7 of embodiment 4)
[0214] ● Notifies another CMF of registration status update (step 8 of embodiment 4)
[0215] ● Sends certain notification / indication to RMF (e.g., an indication / notification that implicit de-registration timer expires) (step 7 of embodiment 3, step 11 of embodiment 4, step 6 of embodiment 5)
[0216] ● Sends to RMF a handover complete indication (step 18 of embodiment 5)
[0217] RMF:
[0218] ● Receives from CMF a request to retrieve certain parameters for the UE (e.g., implicit de-registration timer) (step 6 of embodiment 4, step 4 of embodiment 5)
[0219] ● Sends one or more parameters for the UE (e.g., implicit de-registration timer, slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, alternative NSSAI) to CMF (step 5 of embodiment 3, step 7 of embodiment 4, step 5 of embodiment 5)
[0220] ● Subscribes to CMF for notification of certain events (e.g., expiry of implicit de-registration timer, expiry of slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state and the UE establishes a PDU session associated with the S-NSSAI to be replaced) (step 5 of embodiment 3, step
[0221] 7 of embodiment 4)
[0222] ● Receives certain notification / indication from CMF and performs accordingly (e.g., receives indication / notification that implicit de-registration timer expires and then RMF implicitly de-registers the UE) (step 7 of embodiment 3, step 11 of embodiment 4, step 6 of embodiment 5)
[0223] ● Receives from CMF a handover complete indication (step 18 of embodiment 5)
[0224] In some embodiments, a method of wireless communication is provided. This method may be implemented at a base station. The method comprises receiving, by a first network device from a first network function, a handover request. The handover request comprises at least one of a GUTI or an N2 CM information. The N2 CM information comprises at least one of security information or a mobility restriction list from the first network function. In some embodiment, the first network device is a target network device, and the first network function is a target CMF (step 8 of embodiment 5) . Other features and aspects of this method are disclosed in corresponding operations performed by the first network function, where a message transmitted by the first network function is received and processed by the first network device, and a message transmitted to the first network function is generated and transmitted by the first network device.
[0225] Some of the embodiments described herein are described in the general context of methods or processes, which may be implemented in one embodiment by a computer program product, embodied in a computer-readable medium, including computer-executable instructions, such as program code, or executed by computers in networked environments. A computer-readable medium may include removable and non-removable storage devices including, but not limited to, Read Only Memory (ROM) , Random Access Memory (RAM) , compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile discs (DVD) , etc. Therefore, the computer-readable media can include a non-transitory storage media. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-or processor-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of the methods disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represents examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps or processes.
[0226] Some of the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as devices or modules using hardware circuits, software, or combinations thereof. For example, a hardware circuit implementation can include discrete analog and / or digital components that are, for example, integrated as part of a printed circuit board. Alternatively, or additionally, the disclosed components or modules can be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and / or as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. Some implementations may additionally or alternatively include a digital signal processor (DSP) that is a specialized microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing associated with the disclosed functionalities of this application. Similarly, the various components or sub-components within each module may be implemented in software, hardware or firmware. The connectivity between the modules and / or components within the modules may be provided using any one of the connectivity methods and media that is known in the art, including, but not limited to, communications over the Internet, wired, or wireless networks using the appropriate protocols.
[0227] While this document contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in this document in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination. Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.
[0228] Only a few implementations and examples are described and other implementations, enhancements and variations can be made based on what is described and illustrated in this disclosure.
Claims
1.A method of wireless communication, comprising:transmitting, by a first network function configured to manage connections in a wireless network, a request message to a second network function configured to manage registrations in the wireless network; andreceiving, by the first network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters from the second network function.2.A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, by a second network function configured to manage registrations in a wireless network, a request message from a first network function configured to manage connections in the wireless network; andtransmitting, by the second network function, responsive to the request message, one or more registration parameters to the first network function.3.The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the first network function from the second network function, responsive to the request message, one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events.4.The method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting, by the second network function to the first network function, responsive to the request message, one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events.5.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more registration parameters comprises at least one of: a mobile reachable timer, an implicit de-registration timer, a slice de-registration inactivity timer per Single-Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (S-NSSAI) , allowed Network Slice Selection Assistant Information (NSSAI) , alternative NSSAI comprising one or more pairs of S-NSSAI to be replaced and alternative S-NSSAI, or S-NSSAI to be replaced.6.The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the one or more subscriptions for notifications of certain events comprise one or more subscription requests for at least one of: a notification of expiry of the mobile reachable timer, a notification of expiry of the implicit de-registration timer, a notification of expiry of the slice de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, or a notification when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced.7.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, further comprising storing, by the first network function, the one or more registration parameters following receipt from the second network function.8.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, further comprising at least one of:transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a first notification that the mobile reachable timer is expired;transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a second notification that the implicit de-registration timer is expired;transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a third notification that the slice de-registration inactivity timer for the allowed S-NSSAI is expired and a value of the allowed S-NSSAI; ortransmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a fourth notification when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced.9.The method of claim 2, 4, 5, or 6, further comprising at least one of:receiving, by the second network function from the first network function, a first notification that the mobile reachable timer is expired;initiating, by the second network function, responsive to a second notification from the first network function that the implicit de-registration timer is expired, implicit de-registration of the communication device or a de-registration procedure to the communication device via the first network function;removing, by the second network function, responsive to a third notification from the first network function that the slice de-registration inactivity time for the allowed S-NSSAI is expired and a value of the allowed S-NSSAI, the S-NSSAI from the allowed NSSAI over a corresponding access type;transmitting, by the second network function to the communication device via the first network function, responsive to the third notification from the first network function, a CONFIGURATION UPDATE COMMAND message with the updated allowed NSSAI;orproviding, by the second network function to the first network function, responsive to a fourth notification from the first network function when the communication device is in a CM-CONNECTED state and the communication device establishes a PDU session associated with an S-NSSAI to be replaced, the alternative NSSAI.10.The method of any one of claims 7-9, wherein the first network function is a Connection Management Function (CMF) , and the second network function is a Registration Management Function (RMF) .11.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, further comprising transmitting, by the first network function, a registration status update to a third network function configured to manage the connections in the wireless network, wherein the registration status update suggests a registration of the communication device in the first network function is complete.12.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, further comprising transmitting, by the first network function to a third network function configured to manage the connections in the wireless network, responsive to a registration request message from a network device, a User Equipment (UE) context transfer request message to request a UE Context associated with the communication device, wherein the registration request message comprises a Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (GUTI) associated with the communication device.13.The method of claim 12, further comprising receiving, by the first network function, responsive to the UE context transfer request message, the UE Context from the third network function.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the UE Context comprises at least one of: RMF information, the security context, the restricted RAT list, the forbidden area list, the service area restriction, the CAG information, the UE type, the UE capability, the DRX related parameters, the RFSP index, the UE-AMBR, the UE-Slice-MBR, a Short Message Service Function (SMSF) identifier (ID) , a Packet Data Unit (PDU) session context, a Location Services (LCS) User Plane (UP) context, a Service Management Function (SMF) selection subscription data, a UE-Policy Control Function (PCF) information, the mobile reachable timer, the implicit de-registration timer, the slide de-registration inactivity timer per S-NSSAI, the allowed NSSAI, the alternative NSSAI comprising the one or more pairs of the S-NSSAI to be replaced and the alternative S-NSSAI, and the S-NSSAI to be updated, wherein the RMF information is associated with the second network function, and comprises at least one of: an RMF ID, an RMF address, or an RMF callback Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) , and wherein the UE-PCF information is associated with the communication device, and comprises at least one of: a PCF ID, a UE policy container, or a UE policy enable indication.15.The method of any one of claims 11-14, wherein the first network function is a new Connection Management Function (CMF) , the second network function is a Registration Management Function (RMF) , and the third network function is an old CMF.16.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, wherein the method further comprises transmitting, by the first network function, the alternative S-NSSAI and the S-NSSAI to be replaced to a fourth network function configured to manage session services in the wireless network when the first network function receives the alternative NSSAI from the second network function or the third network function.17.The method of claim 1, 3, 5, or 6, further comprising transmitting, by the first network function, a notification to the second network function, wherein the notification indicates that a handover from a second network device to the first network device is complete upon receipt of the notification from the first network device.18.The method of claim 2, 4, 5, or 6, further comprising receiving, by the second network function, a notification from the first network function, wherein the notification indicates that a handover from the second network device to the first network device is complete.19.The method of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the first network function is a target Connection Management Function (CMF) , the second network function is a Registration Management Function (RMF) , the third network function is a source CMF, the fourth network function is a Service Management Function (SMF) , the first network device is a target network device, and the second network device is a source network device.20.The method of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the request message is a registration request or a registration parameter request.21.An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors are configured to implement a method of any one of claims 1-20.22.A non-transitory computer readable program storage medium having code stored thereon, the code, when executed by one or more processors, causing an apparatus to implement a method of any one of claims 1-20.