Communication method and apparatus
The communication method and apparatus facilitate rate adaptation on a per-QoS-flow basis for CU-DU split network nodes by allowing DUs to receive recommended rates from CUs or UEs, improving network efficiency and congestion management.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing CU-DU split network nodes face challenges in configuring or modifying bit rates per QoS flow due to the invisibility of QoS flows to the distributed units (DUs), limiting effective rate adaptation on a granular level.
A communication method and apparatus that enables DUs to receive information on recommended rates for QoS flows from either the centralized unit (CU) or user equipment (UE), allowing for rate adaptation on a per-QoS-flow basis, even when QoS flows are invisible to the DU.
Enhances network resource utilization efficiency by enabling precise rate adaptation, reducing communication load on the CU, and ensuring consistent configuration across components, thereby alleviating congestion in both uplink and downlink transmissions.
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Figure CN2025075540_30072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMMUNICATION METHOD AND APPARATUSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure relates generally to the field of communications, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, system, and related products.BACKGROUND
[0002] The latest developments of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standards may be referred to as “fifth generation (5G) ” or “new radio (NR) ” . These terms may refer to a communication technology that supports a variety of applications and services. Under the 3GPP standards, a network node (e.g., base station) may be split into a central unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs) . A CU may connect to a plurality of DUs and a DU may connect to one or more user equipments (UEs) .
[0003] A quality of service (QoS) flow may refer to a data stream transmitted between a UE and a network node, where the QoS flow may be configured with a plurality of parameters to ensure a required communication performance. Among the plurality of parameters, a bit rate is a parameter that represents amount of data transmitted per second in a QoS flow. How to configure or modify the bit rate per QoS flow may be a problem to be solved for a network node with CU-DU architecture.SUMMARY
[0004] This present disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus used to configure or modify the bit rate per QoS flow for a network node with CU-DU architecture. In addition, the communication method may also be used to configure or modify the bit rate per QoS flow for a network node with CU-DU architecture, where the CU includes a control plane and user plane.
[0005] According to a first aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a DU side, for example, a DU or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) performing the function of the DU. For example, the method may be applied to a DU, and the method includes: receiving, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first quality of service (QoS) flows; and receiving, the one or more first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows are transmitted at a second rate per first QoS flow, and the second rate is determined based on the first rate.
[0006] In this method, the DU may receive the first information from at least one of: the CU or the UE, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. By doing so, the DU are able to obtain the recommended rate for QoS flows in case where the QoS flows are invisible to the DU or even if the QoS flows are invisible to the DU, it is still not possible to obtain the recommended rate of the QoS flows for the DU. Therefore, a rate adaption on QoS flows may be achieved in a communication system including a CU-DU split network node with or without CU-CP and CU-UP split architecture.
[0007] In some examples, the receiving, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first quality of service (QoS) flows includes: receiving, the first information from at least one of: a centralized unit of the network node or a user equipment (UE) .
[0008] In some examples, the receiving the first information from the centralized unit of the network node includes: receiving, the first information from a user plane of the centralized unit.
[0009] In some examples, the first information is carried in a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) signaling in a case where the first information is received from a UE.
[0010] In some examples, the method further includes: transmitting, to a UE, second information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, where the second information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0011] According to the foregoing examples, the DU may transmit the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow to the UE. It is understood that the DU transmitting the rate adaption information may reduce the communication load on the CU, improving the efficiency of network resource utilization of a network node.
[0012] In some examples, before receiving the first information from a centralized unit, the method further includes: transmitting, to the centralized unit, third information indicating: one or more recommended rates of a data radio bearer (DRB) , where the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows.
[0013] According to the foregoing examples, the DU may transmit the third information to the CU, and the third information indicating one or more recommended rates of the DRB, where the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows. By doing so, the DU may provide the CU with some information for reference, and the CU may determine an appropriate rate for the QoS flows based on the third information.
[0014] In some examples, the third information includes at least one of: a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or a field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.
[0015] According to the foregoing examples, the third information the third information may include the four above-mentioned fields. These fields may provide an efficient format for transmitting the third information.
[0016] In some examples, the method further includes: transmitting, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information; where receiving the first information includes: receiving the first information from the UE.
[0017] According to the foregoing examples, the DU may transmit the fourth information to UE for indicating the UE to transmit the first information. By transmitting the fourth information, the DU may trigger the UE for feedback a recommend rate without waiting for the UE to transmit information spontaneously. In addition, transmitting the fourth information may enable the UE to feedback the first information without being controlled by a prohibit timer, which is applied when UE transmits information spontaneously. Therefore, the efficiency of the communication may be improved.
[0018] In some examples, the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the fourth information includes at least one of: a rate for the DRB or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.
[0019] According to a second aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a CU side, for example, a CU or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) performing the function of the CU. In addition, the method may be applied at a control plane of CU (CU-CP) and user plane of CU (CU-UP) , or by an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) performing functions of CU-CP and the CU-UP. For example, the method may be applied to a CU, and the method includes: transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows correspond to a DRB.
[0020] In this method, the CU may transmit the first information to the DU, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. It is understood that the CU may have access to overall network status and consider the UEs of multiple UEs, therefore the first information transmitted by the CU may align with the comprehensive and efficient management of network resources.
[0021] In some examples, the method for communication is performed by a user plane of the centralized unit of the network node.
[0022] In some examples, the method further including: receiving third information indicating one or more recommended rates of the DRB.
[0023] In some examples, the method further including: transmitting, by a user plane of the centralized unit, to a control plane of the centralized unit, seventh information, where the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information, and the seventh information includes at least one of: one or more identities of the one or more first QoS flows; or the one or more recommended rates for the DRB.
[0024] According to the foregoing examples, the CU-UP may transmit the seventh information to the CU-CP, where the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information. By transmitting the seventh information, the CU-CP may obtain more reference for determining the bit rate for the QoS flows, and thereby the bit rate for the QoS flows may be more appropriate.
[0025] In some examples, the third information includes at least one of: a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or a field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.
[0026] In some examples, the transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, includes: transmitting, by a control plane of the centralized unit, to a user plane of the centralized unit, the first information; and transmitting, by the user plane, the first information.
[0027] In some examples, the method further including transmitting, to a UE, fifth information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, where the second rate is determined based on the one or more first rates, and the fifth information is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
[0028] According to the foregoing examples, the CU may transmit the fifth information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow to the UE. It is understood that the CU transmitting the rate adaption information may ensure consistent configuration across all relevant components (such as multiple DUs) , and may avoid inconsistency between different DUs.
[0029] In some examples, transmitting, to a UE, fifth information is performed by the control plane of the centralized unit.
[0030] In some examples, the method further including transmitting, by a control plane of the centralized unit, to a user plane of the centralized unit, sixth information, where the sixth information requires information for the one or more QoS flows.
[0031] According to the foregoing examples, the CU-CP transmits the sixth information to the CU-UP, where the sixth information requires the information for the one or more QoS flows. By transmitting the sixth information, the CU-CP may trigger the CU-UP to provide some information for the one or more QoS flows, and the information may be used by the CU-CP for determining the bit rate for the QoS flows. Therefore, the sixth information may help the CU-CP to determine a more appropriate bit rate for the QoS flows.
[0032] According to a third aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a UE side, for example, a UE or a component (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) at the UE side. For example, the method may be applied to a UE, and the method includes: receiving, information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, from at least one of: an RRC layer or an MAC layer; and transmitting, the first QoS flow, at the second rate.
[0033] In this method, the UE receives the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow (i.e., rate adaption information) from at least one of: the CU or the DU, and the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow. By receiving the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow, the UE knows the second rate per first QoS flow and may transmit the first QoS flow at the second rate. Therefore, the transmission rate of the first QoS flows may be lowered, meaning the amount of data transmitted on UL transmission are reduced, so that the UL congestion may be alleviated.
[0034] In some examples, the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow includes second information carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the second information is transmitted from the MAC layer.
[0035] In some examples, the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow includes fifth information carried in a RRC signaling, and the fifth information is transmitted from the RRC layer.
[0036] In some examples, the method further includes: transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the first information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0037] According to the foregoing examples, the UE may transmit the first information to the DU, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. It is understood that the UE may directly know the network resource need of the UE according to applications and services running on the UE. In addition, in some embodiments, the rate adaption may be performed between the UE and a DU, without waiting for the CU’s instruction. Therefore, the flexibility and efficiency of the rate adaptation process may be improved.
[0038] In some examples, the method further includes: receiving, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information, where the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0039] In some examples, the fourth information further indicates at least one of: a rate for a DRB corresponding to the one or more first QoS flows or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.
[0040] According to a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, second aspect or third aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means for performing operations in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, second aspect or third aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0041] According to a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes one or more processors; an interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus; where the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of the first aspect, second aspect or third aspect.
[0042] According to a sixth aspect, a communication system is described. The communication system includes a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method in any one of the examples of the first aspect, a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of the second aspect, and a third communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of the third aspect.
[0043] According to a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when an apparatus reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, second aspect or third aspect.
[0044] According to an eighth aspect, a computer program product is described. When an apparatus reads and executes the computer program product, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, second aspect or third aspect.
[0045] This application encompasses various embodiments, including not only method embodiments, but also other embodiments such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer readable storage media. Embodiments may incorporate, individually or in combinations, the features disclosed herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0046] Numerous details are described herein to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments illustrated in accompanying drawings. However, some embodiments may be practiced without many of the specific details, and the scope of the claims is only limited by those features and aspects specifically recited in the claims. Furthermore, well-known processes, components, and materials have not necessarily been described in exhaustive detail to avoid obscuring pertinent aspects of the embodiments described herein.
[0047] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example communication system to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable;
[0048] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network node architecture and a UE, to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable;
[0049] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another network node architecture and a UE, to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable;
[0050] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0051] FIG. 5 is schematic flowchart of another communication process in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0052] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0053] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another communication apparatus in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the drawings. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0055] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system 100 to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable. There is shown the communication system 100 that includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more UEs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d and 110e (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, other networks 160, and one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future or next generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) , or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) , a next generation RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to long-term evolution (LTE) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) for 4G, and new radio (NR) for 5G. In some implementations, The RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more UEs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future or next generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication UEs 110 are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and includes network nodes (e.g., 170a, 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the evolved packet core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the evolved packet system (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G system (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different the third-generation partnership project (3GPP) and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0056] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0057] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services, massive machine type communication (mMTC) services, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, ultra-massive machine-type communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated artificial intelligence (AI) and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future or next generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, and the like.
[0058] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0059] The network node may refer to a network element that is within a radio access network and is responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the UE. In different implementations, the network node may also be refer to as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a home eNodeB, a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a positioning node, among other possibilities.
[0060] The UE may refer to a suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include devices such as a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an internet of things (IoT) device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities.
[0061] FIG. 2 illustrates a network node architecture 200 and a UE, to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable. The network node architecture 200 may be applied to the any network node 170 described in FIG. 1, and the UE may be referred to any UE 110 described in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the network node 170 includes a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) .
[0062] It is noted that FIG. 2 only shows an exemplary architecture of the network node 170, and some other network node architectures including a CU, one or more DUs, and one or more UEs may also be applicable to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0063] As shown in FIG. 2, the network node 170 is further split into a DU and a CU, and the CU and DU may manage some functions originally handled by the network node, respectively. The CU and DU may be configured on the same physical device or different physical devices. In some implementations, the CU may manage functions of protocol functions of layers including a radio resource control (RRC) layer and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. In some implementations, the CU may further manage the protocol functions in a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) . The DU may manage protocol functions of layers including a radio link control (RLC) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer, and a physical (PHY) Layer. The protocol functions of the above mentioned layers are now introduced.
[0064] RRC layer: manages the signaling between the UE and the network node, controlling connection establishment, mobility, and radio resource allocation.
[0065] PDCP layer: handles header compression, encryption, and integrity protection for data packets, ensuring secure and efficient data transmission.
[0066] SDAP layer: maps QoS flows to data radio bearers (DRBs) , adapting the packet format to meet requirements of different services.
[0067] RLC layer: responsible for segmentation, reassembly, error correction, and flow control of data packets over the wireless link.
[0068] MAC layer: manages access to the shared wireless medium, scheduling data transmissions and handling multiple logical channels.
[0069] PHY layer: manages the modulation, demodulation, and physical transmission of data over the radio interface, ensuring reliable signal transfer.
[0070] It is noted that the layers managed by the DU and CU may be configured in other ways, which are not limited herein. For example, the CU may manage the protocol functions in RRC, PDCP, RLC and SDAP layers, and the DU may manage protocol functions in MAC and PHY layers.
[0071] Referring back to FIG. 2, the links between different protocol layers in the CU, DU, and UE may represent the connection and communications between them. In the fifth generation (5G) network architecture, the CU and DU may be connected through a F1 interface.
[0072] It is noted that the CU and DU may be referred to other names, any network node capable of performing the aforementioned functions may be considered as the CU and DU in this disclosure. In addition, any one of the CU and DU, may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0073] FIG. 3 illustrates another network node architecture 300 and a UE, to which some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable. The network node architecture 300 may be applied to the any network node 170 described in FIG. 1, and the UE may be referred to any UE 110 described in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the CU includes a CU control plane (CU-CP) and a CU user plane (CU-UP) . The CU-CP and CU-UP may be configured on the same physical device or different physical devices.
[0074] It is noted that FIG. 3 only shows an exemplary network node architecture, and some other network node architectures including a CU-CP and multiple CU-UPs may also be applicable to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0075] In some implementations, the CU-CP may manage protocol functions of the RRC layer and the PDCP control plane (PDCP-C) layer, and the CU-UP may manage protocol functions of PDCP user plane (PDCP-U) layer. The PDCP-C layer and the PDCP-U layer may be understood as the sub-layers of the PDCP layer, where the PDCP-C layer may handle control plane-related functions within the PDCP layer and the PDCP-U may handle the user plane-related functions within the PDCP layer. In some implementation, the CU-UP may further manage the protocol functions of the SDAP layer.
[0076] It is noted that the functions of layers managed by the CU-CP and CU-UP may be configured in other ways, where are not limited herein.
[0077] As shown in FIG. 3, the CU-CP and CU-UP may be connected through an interface. In the 5G network architecture, the CU-CP and CU-UP may be connected through the E1 interface. In addition, the CU-CP and DU may be connected through the F1-C interface, and the CU-UP and DU may be connected through the F1-U interface.
[0078] It is noted that the CU-CP and CU-UP may be referred to other names, any network node capable of performing the aforementioned functions may be considered as the CU-CP and CU-UP in this disclosure. In addition, any one of the CU-CP and CU-UP, may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0079] Some network node architectures including CU (or CU-CP and CU-CP) , DU, and a UE are described above. For simplicity, a network node including a CU and one or more DUs, where the CU is not split into CU-CP and CU-UP, may be referred to a CU-DU split network node, and a network node including a CU-CP, one or more CU-UPs, and one or more DUs may be referred to as a CP-UP-DU split network node.
[0080] It is understood that in a communication system (e.g., communication system 110) , there may be data streams transmitted between a UE and a network node, such as the UE 110 and the network node 170 in FIG. 1, and the network node may be of architecture in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3. In the following, the network node may refer to the CP-UP-DU split network node and / or CU-DU split network node unless otherwise specified. Some data streams that are configured with a plurality of parameters to ensure the required communication performance, may be referred to as QoS flows. A bit rate among the plurality of parameters may represent an amount of data transmitted per second in a QoS flow.
[0081] In addition, the QoS flows may be categorized into guaranteed bit rate (GBR) QoS flows and non-GBR QoS flows. The GBR QoS flows refer to data streams that are transmitted at or above a guaranteed bit rate, and the non-GBR QoS flows refer to data streams that are transmitted without a guaranteed bit rate, meaning the non-GBR QoS flows may be transmitted above, equal to, or below the guaranteed bit rate. The GBR QoS flows may provide consistent and predictable performance for real-time applications such as video streaming and voice calls, and the non-GBR QoS flows may be applied for services and applications that occasional variations in data rate are acceptable, such as web browsing and sending / receiving email.
[0082] Furthermore, there may be one or more DRBs in a communication system (e.g., communication system 110) to support one or more QoS flows. The DRB may refer to a wireless bearer configured for data stream transmission between UE and network node. It is understood that one or more QoS flows may be mapped to a DRB. The corresponding or mapping relationship between the DRB and one or more QoS flows may be determined or modified by the network node, before transmitting QoS flows to the UE (DL transmission) or receiving QoS flows from the UE (UL transmission) .
[0083] It is understood that a congestion of QoS flows may occur in UL or DL transmissions. The congestion of QoS flows may refer to a situation where the demand for network resources, such as bandwidth or processing capacity to support the transmission of QoS flows, exceeds the available supply. A UL congestion of QoS flows may refer to a situation where the demand for network resources for the UL transmission of QoS flows, exceeds the available supply. For example, a UL congestion of QoS flows may occur when many UEs simultaneously attempt to transmit large amounts of data within QoS flows to a network node. A DL congestion of QoS flows may refer to a situation where the demand for network resources for DL transmission of QoS flows exceeds the available supply. For example, the DL congestion may occur when the network node attempt to transmit large volumes of data within QoS flows to many UEs simultaneously.
[0084] The congestion of QoS flows may result in degraded performance in UL or DL transmissions, including delayed packet delivery, increased latency, packet loss, or reduced throughput. Therefore, a rate adaption of QoS flows may be performed to alleviate the congestion.
[0085] For the network node, the DU may detect the congestion of QoS flows occurring in UL or DL transmissions, and need to report this congestion of QoS flows occurring in UL or DL transmissions to the CU. Therefore, the CU may configure the DU with a mechanism that the DU reports UL / DL congestion information to the CU when there is a congestion in UL / DL transmission. In some examples, the congestion information reporting mechanism may be configured by signaling such as F1 UE Context Setup Request and FI UE Context Setup Response. By receiving the congestion information, the CU may know there is a congestion. In some examples, the CU may detect the congestion itself.
[0086] When there is the congestion of QoS flows occurring in UL or DL transmissions, rate adaptation is needed. It is understood that although the UL rate adaptation may be performed to many UEs, the rate adaptation for each UE may be performed independently. That is, each UE may receive rate adaptation information, and transmit the QoS flows at a bit rate indicated by the rate adaptation information.
[0087] In the UL transmission, the UL rate adaptation of QoS flows may refer to a process that the network node indicates one or more bit rates for QoS flows to the UE, and the UE may perform UL transmission according to the one or more bit rates. In some examples, the one or more bit rates indicated by the network node are lower than the original bit rates at which the QoS flows were transmitted. Therefore, the transmission rate of some QoS flows is lowered, meaning the amount of data transmitted on UL transmission are reduced, so that the UL congestion may be alleviated.
[0088] For DL transmission, the DL rate adaptation of QoS flows may refer to a process that the network node indicates one or more bit rates for QoS flows to the application server, and the application server may perform DL transmission according to the one or more bit rates. In some examples, the one or more bit rates indicated by the network node are lower than the original bit rates at which the QoS flows were transmitted. Therefore, the transmission rate of some QoS flows is lowered, meaning the amount of data transmitted on DL transmission are reduced, so that the DL congestion may be alleviated.
[0089] The rate adaptation of QoS flows may be performed on DRB basis or QoS flow basis. As described before, the network node may indicate one or more bit rates to the UE to perform rate adaption. The rate adaption on DRB basis may refer to the one or more bit rates are per DRB, where each DRB may correspond to a bit rate in the one or more bit rates, and all QoS flows corresponding to the DRB may be transmitted at the same bit rate.
[0090] The rate adaption on QoS flow basis may refer to the one or more bit rates are per QoS, where each QoS flow may correspond to a bit rate. The bit rates for different QoS flows may be same, or different, or some QoS flows are indicated with the same bit rate and some other QoS flows are indicated with different bit rates.
[0091] It is understood that the a DRB may correspond to one or more QoS flows, therefore rate adaptation on QoS flow basis may be seen as more fine-grained than the rate adaptation on DRB basis.
[0092] For a non-CU-DU split network node (i.e. CU and DU are integrated within a network node) , the network node may be capable of performing UL rate adaption on DRB basis and / or QoS flow basis. This may due to that for the non-CU-DU split network node, the DRB and / or the QoS flows are visible to the network node, where the term “visible” may refer to the network node have access to the parameters (e.g., QoS identity, DRB identity, UL / DL bit rate, which QoS flows is active in the UL / DL transmission) of each DRB and / or QoS flow. Therefore, the network node may perform rate adaptation on DRB basis and / or QoS flow basis based on the parameters of DRB and / or QoS flows.
[0093] However, for a CU-DU split network node or CP-UP-DU split network node, there is a lack of manners to perform rate adaption on QoS flow basis. This may due to that in the CU-DU split network node or CP-UP-DU split network node, only DRBs are visible to the DU, and the QoS flows may be invisible to the DU, meaning the DU has access to the parameters of DRBs but no access to the parameters of QoS flows. Therefore, without obtaining the parameters of QoS flows, the rate adaptation may only be performed on DRB basis for the CU-DU split network node or CP-UP-DU split network node. In summary, there is a lack of manners for the CU-DU split network node and CP-UP-DU split network node to perform rate adaption on QoS flow basis.
[0094] In view of this, a method for communication is provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In this method, a DU receives information indicating a recommended rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the information indicating the recommended rate for the one or more first QoS flows may be received from at least one of: a CU or a UE. Although, in some cases, the DU receives QoS information related to QoS flows, this QoS information is used to configure DRB (s) to meet quality of service requirements. In this method, the CU or the UE may transmit the information indicating the recommended rate for one or more first QoS flows to the DU. By doing so, the DU obtains the recommended rate for performing rate adaption on QoS flow basis.
[0095] In addition, the UE receives information indicating a determined rate per first QoS flow, and the information indicating the determined rate per first QoS flow may be received from at least one of: a CU or a DU. That is, when the CU or the DU obtains the recommended rate for the one or more first QoS flows and may determine the rate per first QoS flow based on the recommended rate for the one or more first QoS flows, and indicate the determined rate per first QoS flow to the UE. By doing so, the UE may transmit the one or more first QoS flows at the determined rate per first QoS flow.
[0096] It is noted that the term “rate” in this disclosure refers to bit rate, and the term “rate” and the term “bit rate” may be interchangeable with each other.
[0097] It is noted that the embodiments described in this disclosure are applicable to both GBR QoS flows and / or non-GBR QoS flows. Therefore, the first rate and the second rate are applicable to both GBR QoS flows and / or non-GBR QoS flows.
[0098] It is noted that the a first rate for a first QoS flow may be higher, equal to or lower than an actual rate of the first QoS flow, which is not limited herein.
[0099] It is further noted that the information indicating a determined rate per first QoS flow may be referred to as rate adaption information for simplicity, and the information indicating a determined rate per first QoS flow and the rate adaption information may be interchangeable with each other.
[0100] The method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is applicable to new radio standalone (NR-SA) and / or new radio dual connectivity (NR-DC) deployments.
[0101] In addition, the method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be applicable to any communication system including a network node and a UE, such as the communication system 100. In addition, the network node may be of an architecture such as, but not limited to, the network node architecture 200 or the network node architecture 300.
[0102] When applying the method to different network node architectures, the first information received from the CU may include two cases: the first information may be received from CU when the network node is of CU-DU split architecture, and the first information may be received from CU-UP when the network node is of CP-UP-DU split architecture. In addition, the rate adaption information received from CU may also include two cases: the rate adaption information may be received from CU when the network node is of CU-CU split architecture, and the rate adaption information may be received from CU-CP when the network node is of CP-UP-DU split architecture.
[0103] According to this method, the DU receives the information indicating the recommended rate for one or more first QoS flows from at least one of: the CU or the UE. By doing so, although the DU may not directly determine the recommended rate for QoS flows from the parameters of QoS flows, the DU may still obtain the recommended rate for QoS flows indirectly from the information indicating the recommended rate for one or more first QoS flows. In some embodiments, based on the information indicating the recommended rate for one or more first QoS flows, the DU may transmit rate adaption information to the UE. In some other embodiments, the CU may transmit the information indicating the determined rate per first QoS flow to the UE. In both embodiments, the UE receives the determined rate per first QoS flow, and may perform transmitting QoS flows at the second rate. In summary, according this method, the rate adaptation on QoS flow basis is performed between network node and UE, where the network node may be of CU-DU split architecture or CP-UP-DU split architecture.
[0104] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication process 400 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication process 400 may be applicable to any communication system including a network node and a UE, such as the communication system 100. In addition, the network node may be of an architecture such as, but not limited to, the network node architecture 200 or the network node architecture 300.
[0105] As shown in FIG. 4, the communication process 400 include steps or actions performed by a CU, a DU or a UE. The steps or actions performed by the CU and DU may be regarded as being performed by the CU or DU of a network node, or an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) at the network node side that performing the functions of CU or DU.In addition, the steps or actions performed by the UE, may also be regarded as being performed by an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in or at a side of the UE.
[0106] In some embodiments, the communication process 400 include steps 410, 420, and 430. In some other embodiments, the communication process 400 further include steps 440 and 450.
[0107] In step 410, the DU receives first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows.
[0108] The first QoS flow herein may refer to any QoS flow that is processed during the communication process 400.
[0109] It is noted that in FIG. 4, the block corresponding to the step 410 represents that the first information is received from at least one of: a CU or a UE.
[0110] In some embodiments, the CU transmits the first information to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first information from the CU. In some examples, the first information transmitted by the CU is carried in a F1AP UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST signaling. In some examples, the F1AP UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST signaling may include at least one of: a field indicates which protocol data unit (PDU) Session the first QoS flows correspond to (such as a PDU Session ID field) , a field indicate the identity of the QoS flow (such as a QoS flow Indication ID) , and a field indicating the first rate for the QoS flows (such as a Recommended bit rate ID) .
[0111] It is understood that the PDU Session may refer to a logical connection between a UE and a data network, a PDU session may be exclusive to a single UE, and a UE may correspond to one or more PDU sessions. In addition, each PDU session may correspond to a PDU Session ID, and a PDU session may include or correspond to one or more QoS flows.
[0112] It is noted that the first information transmitted by the CU may be carried in other signaling, which are not limited herein.
[0113] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU may receive the first information from the CU, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. It is understood that the CU may have access to overall network status and consider the UEs of multiple UEs, therefore the DU may receive the first rate that is aligns with the comprehensive and efficient management of network resources.
[0114] In some embodiments, the UE transmits the first information to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first information from the UE. In some examples, the first information transmitted by the UE is carried in a MAC control element (CE) signaling. In these examples, the MAC CE signaling may include at least one of: a field indicates which PDU Session the first QoS flows correspond to (such as a PDU Session ID field) , a field indicate the identity of the QoS flow (such as a QoS flow Indication ID) , and a field indicating the first rate for the QoS flows (such as a Recommended bit rate ID) .
[0115] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU may receive the first information from the UE, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. It is understood that the UE may directly know the network resource need of the UE according to applications and services running on the UE. In addition, in some embodiments, the rate adaption may be performed between the UE and a DU, without waiting for the CU’s instruction. Therefore, the flexibility and effiency of the rate adaptation process may be improved.
[0116] In some embodiments, both CU and UE may transmit the first information to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first information both from the CU and the UE.
[0117] It is noted that an order of CU and UE transmitting the first information is not limited. In some examples, the CU transmits the first information before the UE transmit the first information. In some other examples, the CU transmits the first information after the UE transmit the first information. Therefore, the DU may receive the first rate that is aligns with the comprehensive and efficient management of network resources from the CU, and directly know the network resource needs from the UE according to applications and services running on the UE.
[0118] In addition, the first rate in the first information corresponds to one or more first rates. In some embodiments, the first information may indicate one first rate for one first QoS flow. In some embodiments, the first information may indicate one first rate for multiple first QoS flows. In some other embodiments, the first information may indicate multiple first rates for one first QoS flow. In still some other embodiments, the first information may indicate multiple first rates for multiple first QoS flows.
[0119] Further, the first rate for one or more first QoS flows may be indicated in the first information in multiple formats. In some embodiments, the first information may be indicated by one or more fields. For example, as shown in Table 1, in some examples, the first information may be indicated by two fields, where a Recommended bit rate field representing the value of the first rate, and a QoS Flow ID field represents identifiers (such as identities, IDs) of the one or more first QoS flows, where the identifier may be, but not limited to, numbers, English alphabets, Greek letters, etc. In addition, the two fields may be mapped or correlated, such as, but not limited to, the QoS Flow ID field is a subfield of the first rate field. The Recommended Bit Rate field and the QoS Flow ID field may be carried in the signal carrying the first information.
[0120] In some examples, the first information may further include a field indicates which PDU Session the first QoS flows correspond to. For example, the field may be referred to as a PDU Session ID field.
[0121] It is noted that the Recommended Bit Rate field and the QoS Flow ID field may be repeated for multiple times in the signal carrying the first information. The Recommended Bit Rate field and the QoS Flow ID field may be referred to as other names. Table 1
[0122] In some embodiments, the QoS Flow ID field is not empty and the Recommended Bit Rate field may be empty. In some examples, the DU may receive the first information, obtain IDs of the one or more first QoS flows, and determine the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows itself.
[0123] In some embodiments, the Recommended Bit Rate field is not empty and the QoS Flow ID field may be empty. In some examples, the DU may receive the first information and obtain the first rate from the first information, and receive another first information indicating the QoS flow ID from the UE. Or, the DU may obtain the first rate from the first information itself.
[0124] In addition, in the above-mentioned examples, the IDs of the one or more first QoS flows may be represented in one or more fields. For example, each ID of a QoS flow may be represented in a single QoS Flow ID field.
[0125] It is understood that Table 1 is only an exemplary table, and the formats of the table, the names of elements in this table, the unit of rate, are not limited herein.
[0126] It is further understood that the first information may be presented in other formats, which are not limited herein.
[0127] In some embodiments, the DU may receive first information from both the CU and the UE. The first rates indicated by the CU and UE may be the same or different, which are not limited herein. In these embodiments, the DU may determine a rate per QoS flow, based on the first rates received from the CU and UE.
[0128] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU receives the first information from at least one of: the CU or the UE, and the first information indicates the first rate for the one or more first QoS flows. By doing so, the DU are able to obtain the recommended rate for QoS flows in cases where the QoS flows are invisible to the DU. Therefore, a rate adaption on QoS flows may be achieved in a communication system including a CU-DU split network node or CP-UP-DU split network node.
[0129] Referring back to the communication process 400, in step 420, the UE receives information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow. As described before, the information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow may be referred to as rate adaption information for simplicity.
[0130] In FIG. 4, the block covering CU and DU represents that rate adaption information may be received from at least one of: the CU or the DU.
[0131] In some embodiments, the rate adaption information includes second information received from the DU. In these embodiments, the DU transmits the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow. Correspondingly, the UE receives the second information. In these embodiments, the DU may first determine the second rate based on the first rate in the first information, and transmits the second information to the UE.
[0132] In addition, the UE may receive the second information via an MAC layer of a network node. That is, the DU transmits the second information carried in a MAC CE singling and the UE may receive the second information via the MAC CE singling.
[0133] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU may transmit the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow to the UE. It is understood that the DU transmitting the rate adaption information may reduce the communication load on the CU, improving the efficiency of network resource utilization of a network node.
[0134] In some other embodiments, the rate adaption information includes fifth information received from the CU. In these embodiments, the CU transmits the fifth information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow. Correspondingly, the UE receives the fifth information. In these embodiments, the CU may determine the second rate based on QoS related information, and transmits the fifth information to the UE.
[0135] In addition, the UE may receive the fifth information via a RRC layer of a network node. That is, the CU transmits the fifth information carried in a RRC signaling and the UE may receive the fifth information via the RRC signaling.
[0136] According to the foregoing embodiments, the CU may transmit the fifth information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow to the UE. It is understood that the CU transmitting the rate adaption information may ensure consistent configuration across all relevant components (such as multiple DUs) , and may avoid inconsistency between different DUs.
[0137] In still some other embodiments, the rate adaption information may include both second information received from the DU and fifth information received from the CU. In these embodiments, the DU transmits the second information to the UE, and the CU transmits the fifth information to the UE. Correspondingly, the UE receives both second information and fifth information. In these embodiments, the UE receives a piece of rate adaption from a RRC layer of a network node, and another piece of rate adaption from a MAC layer of a network node.
[0138] It is noted that an order of transmitting the second information and fifth information is not limited. In some examples, the CU transmits the fifth information before the DU transmits the second information. In some other examples, the CU transmits the fifth information after the DU transmits the second information.
[0139] It is understood that the second rate per QoS flow indicated by the fifth information and the second rate per QoS flow indicated by the second information, may be the same or different. In some embodiments, in a case where the UE receives both fifth information and second information, the UE may determine a rate used for transmitting the first QoS flow based on the fifth information and second information.
[0140] It is noted that the second rate may be the same, or different from the first rate, which are not limited herein.
[0141] Referring back to the rate adaptation information, the rate adaptation information indicates the second rate per first QoS flow. It is noted that the second rate per first QoS flow refers to one or more second rates corresponding to one or more first QoS flows, where each QoS flow may correspond to one second rate. The one or more second rates may be of the same value, different values, or some second rates are the same and some second rates are different, which are not limited herein.
[0142] In addition, the rate adaptation information may be presented in a format similar to Table 1. It is noted that the rate adaptation information may be presented in different formats, which are not limited herein.
[0143] Referring back to the communication process 400, in step 430, the UE transmits the one or more first QoS flow at the second rate per first QoS flow. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows are transmitted at the second rate per first QoS flow.
[0144] It is understood that the “the UE transmits the first QoS flow at the second rate” may refer to the UE transmits the one or more first QoS flow at one or more second rates, where one QoS flow is transmitted at one second rate.
[0145] According to the foregoing embodiments, the UE receives the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow (i.e., rate adaption information) from at least one of: the CU or the DU, and the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow. By receiving the second information indicating the second rate per first QoS flow, the UE knows the second rate per first QoS flow and may transmit the first QoS flow at the second rate. Therefore, the transmission rate of the first QoS flows may be lowered, meaning the amount of data transmitted on UL transmission are reduced, so that the UL congestion may be alleviated.
[0146] The steps 410 to 430 are described above. In some embodiments, the communication process 400 may further include at least one of: steps 440 and 450. It is noted that the order of performing steps 440 and 450 are not fixed.
[0147] In step 440, the DU transmits third information to the CU, where the third information indicates: one or more recommended rates of a DRB, where the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows. Correspondingly, the CU receives the third information.
[0148] In some embodiments, the third information may include at least one of: a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or a field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.
[0149] In some examples, the third information may include the four above-mentioned fields. In some other examples, the third information may only include the field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB and the field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB. In these embodiments, the presence of the value fields is indicated by whether these fields are included in the third information or not.
[0150] In some examples, the format of third information may be included, but not limited to, an ASSISTANCE INFORMATION DATA frame.
[0151] Table 2 shows an exemplary format of the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION DATA frame, such as the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION DATA frame may include: a PDU type field, a PDCP duplication indication (PDCP Dupl. Ind. ) field, an Assistance Information Indication (Assistance Info. Ind. ) field, a UL Delay Indicator (UL Delay Ind. ) field, a DL Delay Indicator (DL Delay Ind. ) , a UL Congestion Information Indicator (UL Delay Ind. ) field, a DL Congestion Information Indicator (DL Delay Ind. ) field, a Number of Assistance Information Fields field, a Assistance Information Type field, a Number of octets for Radio Quality Assistance Information Fields field, a Radio Quality Assistance Information field, a UL Delay DU Result field, a DL Delay DU Result field, a UL Congestion Information field, and a DL Congestion Information field, a UL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field, a DL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field, a UL Recommended Bit Rate field, or a DL Recommended Bit Rate field.
[0152] The UL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field indicates whether a recommended UL rate for the DRB is present, the DL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field indicates whether a recommended DL rate for the DRB is present, the UL Recommended Bit Rate field indicates a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB, and the DL Recommended Bit Rate field indicates a value of the recommended DL rate for the DRB. It is understood the DRB may correspond to the one or more first QoS flows.
[0153] It is noted that the four above-mentioned fields may be referred to other names, and fields perform identical functions are considered equivalent. Table 2
[0154] In some examples, the length of the UL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field is 1 bit, and the value of the UL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field may be 0 or 1, where 0 represents the UL Recommended Bit Rate field is not present, and 1 represents the UL Recommended Bit Rate field is present. The length of the DL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field is 1 bit, where 0 represents the DL Recommended Bit Rate field is not present, and 1 represents the DL Recommended Bit Rate field is present. The length of the UL Recommended Bit Rate field is 0 or 2 Octets (0 or 16 bits) . The length of the DL Recommended Bit Rate field is 0 or 2 Octets (0 or 16 bits) .
[0155] It is noted that in some other examples, the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION DATA may only include the UL Recommended Bit Rate field and the DL Recommended Bit Rate field, and may not include the UL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field or the DL Recommended Bit Rate Indicator field. In these embodiments, the presence of the Recommended Bit Rate field and the DL Recommended Bit Rate field is indicated by whether these fields are included in the ASSISTANCE INFORMATION DATA or not.
[0156] It is noted that the length of the four above-mentioned fields may be other values, which are not limited herein.
[0157] It is noted that in some examples, the third information may be included in other signaling or data frames. In some other examples, the third information may be transmitted alone without be included in any other signaling or data frames.
[0158] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU may transmit the third information to the CU, and the third information indicating one or more recommended rates of the DRB, where the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows. By doing so, the DU may provide the CU with some information for reference, and the CU may determine an appropriate rate for the QoS flows based on the third information.
[0159] In some examples, the third information may include at least one of: the field indicating whether the recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; the field indicating whether the recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; the field indicating the value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or the field indicating the value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB. In some examples, the third information may include the four above-mentioned fields. These fields may provide an efficient format for transmitting the third information.
[0160] Referring back to the communication process 400, in some embodiments, the communication process 400 further includes step 450.
[0161] In step 450, the UE transmits fourth information to the UE, and the fourth information indicates the UE to transmit the first information. Correspondingly, the UE receives the fourth information.
[0162] In some embodiments, the DU may transmit the fourth information to the UE, and receives the first information from the UE. In some embodiments, the DU may transmit the fourth information to the UE, and may not receive the first information from the UE.
[0163] In some embodiments, the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling. For example, the fourth information may include a field that indicates the UE to transmit the first information, and this field is in the MAC CE signaling. It is understood that the fourth information may indicate the UE to transmit the first information in other manners, which are not limited herein.
[0164] In some embodiments, the fourth information includes at least one of: a rate for the DRB or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows. In some examples, the rate for the DRB may be an existing recommended bit rate per DRB. The third rate may be any value and this is not limited herein.
[0165] In addition, it is noted that the UE may transmit the first information with or without receiving the fourth information. In some examples, if the UE receives the fourth information before transmitting the first information, the transmission of the first information may not be controlled by a prohibit timer, that is, the UE may transmit the first information at any time point. The prohibit timer may refer to a mechanism configured for each UE that specifies a waiting period during which the UE is prohibited from sending a MAC CE that indicates the first rate (bit rate per QoS flow) autonomously. In some examples, if the UE transmit the first information without, or before receiving the fourth information, the transmission of the first information may be controlled by a prohibit timer, that is, the UE may wait for a period before transmitting the first information.
[0166] According to the foregoing embodiments, the DU may transmit the fourth information to UE for indicating the UE to transmit the first information. By transmitting the fourth information, the DU may trigger the UE for feedback a recommend rate without waiting for the UE to transmit information spontaneously. In addition, transmitting the fourth information may enable the UE to feedback the first information without being controlled by the prohibit timer. Therefore, the efficiency of the communication may be improved.
[0167] The communication process 400 are described above. It is noted that the communication process 400 may also be applicable to communication system including a CP-UP-DU split network node , such as the network node architecture 300.
[0168] When the communication process 400 is applicable to the communication system including a CP-UP-DU network node, steps 410, 420, and 440 that performed by the CU may be performed by a CU-CP and / or a CU-CP. It is noted that steps or actions performed by the CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU, may be regarded as being performed the CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU, or by an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) performing functions of CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU.
[0169] It is understood that steps performed by the DU or UE in the communication process 400 are also applicable to communication system including a CP-UP-DU split network node. To avoid redundancy, the descriptions of steps performed by the DU or UE, and the descriptions of the first information, third information, fifth information, may be referred to the corresponding descriptions of communication process 400.
[0170] In step 410, in some embodiments, the CU-CP transmits the first information to the CU-UP, the CU-UP receives the first information and transmits the first information to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first information.
[0171] In some examples, the first information transmitted from the CU-CP to the CU-UP may be carried in an EI signaling. In some examples, the EI signaling may be an E1 Bearer Context Modification Request message. The first information transmitted from the CU-UP to the DU may be carried in a signaling such as, but not limited to, a F1AP UE CONTEXT MODIFICATION REQUEST signaling.
[0172] In step 420, in some embodiments, the CU-CP may transmit the fifth information to the UE.
[0173] In step 440, in some embodiments, the UE may transmit the third information to the CU-UP. Correspondingly, the CU-UP receives the third information.
[0174] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic flowchart of a communication process 500 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The communication process 500 may be applicable to any communication system including a network node and a UE, such as the communication system 100. In addition, the network node may be of an architecture such as the network node architecture 300.
[0175] It is noted that any of embodiments in the communication process 400 and any of embodiments in the communication process 500 may be combined to achieve desired functionality or performance enhancements.
[0176] As shown in FIG. 5, the communication process 500 include steps or actions performed by a CU-CP, or a CU-UP. It is noted that steps or actions performed by the CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU, may be regarded as being performed by the CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU, or by an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) at the network side that performs the functions of the CU-CP, the CU-UP, or the DU. In addition, the steps or actions performed by the UE, may also be regarded as being performed by an apparatus (for example, a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) in or at a side of the UE.
[0177] The communication process 500 include steps 510, 520, and 530.
[0178] It is noted that the steps 510, 520, and 530 may be performed before or after the step 410.
[0179] In step 510, the CU-CP transmits sixth information to the CU-UP, where the sixth information requires information for the one or more QoS flows. Accordingly, the CU-UP receives the sixth information from the CU-CP.
[0180] In some embodiments, the sixth information is transmitted over the E1 interface between the CU-CP and CU-UP. In some examples, the sixth information is carried in an E1 signaling. In some examples, the EI signaling may be an E1 Bearer Context Modification Request message. It is noted that the sixth information may be carried in other signaling, which are not limited herein.
[0181] In some embodiments, the sixth information may include a field indicating the CU-UP to transmit information about the one or more QoS flows. In some examples, the field may be referred to as a rate adaptation field. It is noted that the field may be referred to other names, which are not limited herein.
[0182] According to the foregoing embodiments, the CU-CP transmits the sixth information to the CU-UP, where the sixth information requires the information for the one or more QoS flows. By transmitting the sixth information, the CU-CP may trigger the CU-UP to provide some information for the one or more QoS flows, and the information may be used by the CU-CP for determining the bit rate for the QoS flows. Therefore, the sixth information may help the CU-CP to determine a more appropriate bit rate for the QoS flows.
[0183] In step 520, the CU-UP transmits seventh information to the CU-CP, where the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information, and the seventh information includes at least one of: one or more IDs of the one or more first QoS flows; or the one or more recommended rates for the DRB. Accordingly, the CU-CP receives the seventh information from the CU-UP.
[0184] In the seventh information, the one or more IDs of the one or more first QoS flows may refer to the ID of each first QoS flow. In some examples, step 520 may be performed after step 440. Therefore, the CU-UP may first receive the third information, and the third information indicates one or more rates of the DRB, such as UL recommended bit rate and DL recommended bit rate. In these examples, the one or more recommended rates for the DRB may referred to the bit rate indicated in the third information.
[0185] In some embodiments, the seventh information is transmitted over the E1 interface between the CU-CP and CU-UP. In some examples, the seventh information is carried in an E1 signaling. In some examples, the EI signaling may be an E1 Bearer Context Modification Request message. It is noted that the seventh information may be carried in other signaling, which are not limited herein.
[0186] According to the foregoing embodiments, the CU-UP may transmits the seventh information to the CU-CP, where the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information. By transmitting the seventh information, the CU-CP may obtain more reference for determining the bit rate for the QoS flows, and thereby the bit rate for the QoS flows may be more appropriate.
[0187] In step 530, the CU-CP transmits the first information to the CU-UP, and the CU-UP receives the first information and transmits the first information to the DU. Correspondingly, the DU receives the first information.
[0188] The communication methods provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5. Next, the communication apparatuses in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG. 7.
[0189] FIG. 6 to FIG. 7 are schematic structural diagrams of communication apparatuses provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. These communication apparatuses may be used to realize the functions of the network node side (CU, DU, CU-CP and CU-UP) or UE in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
[0190] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an apparatus 600, which may be configured to implement the functions of any embodiments described above. As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus 600 may include a receiving unit 610 and a transmitting unit 620.
[0191] When the apparatus 600 is used to implement the functions of the DU according to some embodiments shown in FIG. 4, the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive first information indicating a first rate for one or more first quality of QoS flows, and receive the one or more first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows are transmitted at a second rate per first QoS flow, and the second rate is determined based on the first rate.
[0192] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive the first information from at least one of: a centralized unit of the network node or a UE.
[0193] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive the first information from CU-UP.
[0194] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) signaling in a case where the first information is received from a UE.
[0195] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 620 is configured to transmit, to a UE, second information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, where the second information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0196] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 620 is configured to transmit, to the CU, third information indicating: one or more recommended rates of a data radio bearer (DRB) , where the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows.
[0197] In some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of: a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or a field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.
[0198] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 620 is configured to transmit, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information.
[0199] In some embodiments, the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the fourth information includes at least one of: a rate for the DRB or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.
[0200] When the apparatus 600 is used to implement the functions of the CU, CU-CP or CU-UP according to some embodiments shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the transmitting unit 610 is configured to transmit first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows correspond to a DRB.
[0201] In some embodiments, the transmitting first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the one or more first QoS flows correspond to a DRB, is performed by a CU-UP.
[0202] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 620 is configured to receive third information indicating one or more recommended rates of the DRB.
[0203] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 610 is configured to transmit seventh information, where the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information, and the seventh information includes at least one of: one or more identities of the one or more first QoS flows; or the one or more recommended rates for the DRB.
[0204] In some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of: a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present; a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; or a field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.
[0205] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 610 is configured to the first information.
[0206] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 610 is configured to transmit to a UE, fifth information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, where the second rate is determined based on the one or more first rates, and the fifth information is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling.
[0207] In some embodiments, the transmitting, to a UE, fifth information is performed by the CU-CP.
[0208] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 610 is configured to transmit sixth information, where the sixth information requires information for the one or more QoS flows.
[0209] When the apparatus 600 is used to implement the functions of the UE according to some embodiments shown in FIG. 4, the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive, information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, from at least one of: an RRC layer or an MAC layer; and transmit, the first QoS flow, at the second rate.
[0210] In some embodiments, the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow includes second information carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the second information is transmitted from the MAC layer.
[0211] In some embodiments, the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow includes fifth information carried in a RRC signaling, and the fifth information is transmitted from the RRC layer.
[0212] In some embodiments, the transmitting unit 620 is configured to transmit, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, where the first information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0213] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information, where the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.
[0214] In some embodiments, the fourth information further indicates at least one of: a rate for a DRB corresponding to the one or more first QoS flows or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.
[0215] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of an apparatus 700, which may be configured to implement the functions of any embodiments described above.
[0216] As shown in FIG. 7, the communication apparatus 700 includes a processor 710 and an interface circuit 720. The processor 710 and the interface circuit 720 are coupled to each other. It will be understood that the interface circuit 720 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. In some implementations, the communication apparatus 700 may further include a memory 730 for storing instructions executed by the processor 710 or storing input data required by the processor 710 for executing the instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 710 executing the instructions. In some examples, the interface circuit 720 may be understood as part of the processor 710, and thus the communication apparatus 700 includes the processor 710.
[0217] When the communication apparatus 700 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, it may be interpreted as an apparatus itself, a module in the electronic device, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof. The interface circuit 720 is used to implement the functions of the transmitting unit 610 or receiving unit 620.
[0218] In the present disclosure, the terms "a" , "an" and "one" are defined to mean "at least one" , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0219] In the present disclosure, terms such as "substantially" , "generally" and "about" , which modify a value, condition, or characteristic of a feature of an exemplary embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition, or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of this exemplary embodiment for its intended application.
[0220] A computer-readable storage medium is provided in this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium haves instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the steps or actions performed by the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU or DU according to the embodiments described above.
[0221] In addition, a computer program product is provided in this disclosure, the computer program product stores instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the steps or actions performed by the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU or DU according to the embodiments described above.
[0222] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms "connected" and "coupled" , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combination thereof.
[0223] In the present disclosure, expressions such as "match" , "matching" and "matched" , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only "exactly" or "identically" matching the two elements but also "substantially" , "approximately or" subjectively "matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0224] In the present disclosure, the expression "based on" is intended to mean "based at least partly on" , that is, this expression can mean "based solely on or" based partially on " , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression "based on" could also be understood as meaning "depending on" , "representative of" , "indicative of" , "associated with" or similar expressions.
[0225] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " usually indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence A time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0226] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0227] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or the processor of the another programmable data processing device generate an apparatus for implementing an specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0228] The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0229] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the another programmable device provide steps for implementing a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0230] It is clearly that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. This application is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A method for communication performed by a distributed unit of a network node, or a chip in the distributed unit of the network node, the method comprising:receiving, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first quality of service (QoS) flows; andreceiving, the one or more first QoS flows, wherein the one or more first QoS flows are transmitted at a second rate per first QoS flow, and the second rate is determined based on the first rate.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first quality of service (QoS) flows comprises:receiving, the first information from at least one of:a centralized unit of the network node or a user equipment (UE) .3.The method of claim 2, wherein receiving the first information from the centralized unit of the network node comprises:receiving, the first information from a user plane of the centralized unit.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the first information is carried in a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) signaling in a case where the first information is received from a UE.5.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:transmitting, to a UE, second information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, wherein the second information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.6.The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein before receiving the first information from a centralized unit, the method further comprises:transmitting, to the centralized unit, third information indicating:one or more recommended rates of a data radio bearer (DRB) , wherein the DRB corresponds to the one or more first QoS flows.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the third information comprises at least one of:a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present;a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present;a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; ora field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.8.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information;wherein receiving the first information comprising:receiving the first information from the UE.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the fourth information comprises at least one of: a rate for the DRB or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.10.A method for communication performed by a centralized unit of a network node, or a chip in the centralized unit of the network node, the method comprising:transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, wherein the one or more first QoS flows correspond to a DRB.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the method for communication is performed by a user plane of the centralized unit of the network node.12.The method of claim 10 or 11, further comprising:receiving third information indicating one or more recommended rates of the DRB.13.The method of claim 12, further comprising:transmitting, by a user plane of the centralized unit, to a control plane of the centralized unit, seventh information, wherein the seventh information is determined based on the one or more recommended rates indicated by the third information, and the seventh information comprises at least one of:one or more identities of the one or more first QoS flows; orthe one or more recommended rates for the DRB.14.The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the third information comprises at least one of:a field indicating whether a recommended uplink rate for the DRB is present;a field indicating whether a recommended downlink rate for the DRB is present;a field indicating a value of the recommended uplink rate for the DRB; ora field indicating a value of the recommended downlink rate for the DRB.15.The method of any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, comprises:transmitting, by a control plane of the centralized unit, to a user plane of the centralized unit, the first information; andtransmitting, by the user plane, the first information.16.The method of any one of claims 10 to 15, further comprising:transmitting, to a UE, fifth information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, wherein the second rate is determined based on the one or more first rates, and the fifth information is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) signaling.17.The method of claim 16, wherein transmitting, to a UE, fifth information is performed by the control plane of the centralized unit.18.The method of any one of claims 10 to 17, further comprising:transmitting, by a control plane of the centralized unit, to a user plane of the centralized unit, sixth information, wherein the sixth information requires information for the one or more QoS flows.19.A method for communication performed by a UE, or a chip in the UE, the method comprising:receiving, information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow, from at least one of:an RRC layer or an MAC layer; andtransmitting, the first QoS flow, at the second rate.20.The method of claim 19, wherein the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow comprises second information carried in a MAC CE signaling, and the second information is transmitted from the MAC layer.21.The method of any one of claims 19 to 20, wherein the information indicating a second rate per first QoS flow comprises fifth information carried in a RRC signaling, and the fifth information is transmitted from the RRC layer.22.The method of any one of claims 19 to 21, further comprising:transmitting, first information indicating a first rate for one or more first QoS flows, wherein the first information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.23.The method of claim 22, further comprising:receiving, fourth information indicating a UE to transmit the first information, wherein the fourth information is carried in a MAC CE signaling.24.The method of claim 23, wherein the fourth information further indicates at least one of: a rate for a DRB corresponding to the one or more first QoS flows or a third rate for the one or more first QoS flows.25.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, 10 to 18 or 19 to 24.26.A communication apparatus, comprising:one or more processors; andan interface circuit configured to receive signals from another communication apparatus and send the signals to the one or more processors, or send signals from the one or more processors to another communication apparatus;wherein the one or more processors is configured to implement, through logic circuits or by executing instructions, the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, 10 to 18 or 19 to 24.27.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 18, and a third communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 18 to 24.28.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, 10 to 18 or 19 to 24.29.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, 10 to 18 or 19 to 24.