Optical folding element, camera module, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of photographing devices, and provides an optical folding element, a camera module, and an electronic device. The optical folding element comprises a first surface, a second surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface, wherein the first surface and the second surface are arranged facing away from each other, the first side surface and the second side surface are arranged facing away from each other and are both connected between the first surface and the second surface, the optical folding element has an incident surface and an exit surface, the incident surface is located on the first surface, and the exit surface is located on the first surface or the second surface; the optical folding element further comprises a plurality of first grooves, the plurality of first grooves are distributed on the first side surface and / or the second side surface, a length extension direction of the projection of each first groove on a first plane forms an included angle with the normal direction of the incident surface, the first plane is perpendicular to a first direction, and the first direction is a direction from the first side surface to the second side surface. The optical folding element of the present application provides good imaging quality.

Description

Optical folding elements, camera modules, and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510125905.X, filed on January 27, 2025, entitled "Optical Folding Element, Camera Module and Electronic Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of imaging equipment technology, and in particular to an optical folding element, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] When a user takes a picture, in addition to the effective light within the shooting area entering the camera module, stray light from outside the shooting area also enters the camera module and is imaged onto the image sensor, reducing image quality. Current camera modules used for telephoto shooting typically incorporate prisms to fold the optical path, increasing the overall length of the module's optical system to meet the requirements of long focal lengths. However, due to the presence of the prism, stray light interference is very significant in telephoto camera modules, greatly affecting the image quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an optical folding element with good imaging quality, including a camera module of the optical folding element, and an electronic device including the camera module.

[0005] In a first aspect, an optical folding element is provided. The optical folding element includes a first surface, a second surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface. The first surface and the second surface are disposed opposite to each other, and the first side surface and the second side surface are disposed opposite to each other, and are all connected between the first surface and the second surface. The optical folding element has an incident surface and an exit surface. The incident surface is located on the first surface, and the exit surface is located on either the first surface or the second surface. The optical folding element also includes a plurality of first grooves, which are distributed on the first side surface and / or the second side surface. The length extension direction of the projection of the first groove onto the first plane is set at an angle to the normal direction of the incident surface. The first plane is perpendicular to a first direction, which is the direction from the first side surface to the second side surface. In this case, a first ray enters the optical folding element from the incident surface, undergoes multiple reflections inside the optical folding element, and exits from the exit surface. A second ray enters the optical folding element from the incident surface and is reflected in the direction toward the incident surface under the action of the groove surface of the first groove.

[0006] It is understood that the optical folding element in this embodiment has multiple first grooves on its sides (including the first side and the second side), and the projection of the first groove onto the first plane can be angled relative to the normal direction of the incident surface. Thus, when the second light ray is transmitted to the side of the optical folding element, it can be reflected in the direction towards the incident surface by the groove surface of the first groove. That is, after the second light ray transmitted to the side in the optical folding element of this embodiment is reflected by the groove surface of the first groove, it will not ultimately exit from the exit surface and be imaged onto the image sensor, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on image quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the angle formed between the projection of the first groove onto the length of the first plane and the normal direction of the incident surface is less than or equal to 50°. This angle between the projection of the first groove onto the first plane and the normal direction of the incident surface allows the first groove to effectively eliminate stray light, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the angle formed between the projection of the first groove onto the length of the first plane and the normal direction of the incident surface is less than or equal to 15°. This allows the first groove to effectively eliminate stray light, thereby reducing its impact on image quality.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes a first reflecting surface located between the first surface and the second surface, and on the same side of the first side and the second side. The first reflecting surface is positioned closer to the incident surface than the exit surface. The angle formed between the projection of the first groove onto the first plane and the first surface is greater than 90°, and the opening of the angle faces the first reflecting surface.

[0010] In this way, the first groove can be tilted towards the first reflecting surface. When the second light is reflected by the first reflecting surface and reaches the groove surface of the first groove, the angle of incidence between the second light and the groove surface of the first groove is small. This allows the second light to be reflected by the groove surface of the first groove to the first reflecting surface or the second surface, and finally reflected towards the incident surface under the influence of the first reflecting surface or the second surface. That is, by setting the first end of the first groove to be tilted towards the first reflecting surface relative to the second end in this embodiment, stray light entering the optical folding element can be better eliminated, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the refractive index of the optical folding element is greater than or equal to 1.7.

[0012] It is understandable that compared to optical folding elements with lower refractive indices, optical folding elements are typically larger in size to match their larger total internal reflection angle and reduce the influence of stray light, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of camera modules. Even if the size of the optical folding element is reduced to meet miniaturization requirements, the smaller refractive index and larger total internal reflection angle result in more stray light being generated within the optical folding element, affecting the imaging performance of the camera module. However, the optical folding element in this embodiment is made of a material with a higher refractive index, resulting in a smaller total internal reflection angle within the optical folding element. This allows for the reduction of the size of the optical folding element while meeting the imaging performance requirements of the camera module, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the camera module. In other words, the optical folding element in this embodiment can maintain the imaging quality of the camera module while having a smaller size.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element is made of heavy lanthanum flint glass or heavy crown glass. This results in a high refractive index for the optical folding element, allowing it to maintain image quality while having a small size.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first side is set at an angle to the first surface, and the distance between the first side and the second side increases in the direction closer to the second surface.

[0015] It is understood that the distance between the first and second sides of the optical folding element in this embodiment can increase along the direction closer to the second surface. The first side can be set at an angle to the incident surface. In this way, when the second light ray is transmitted to the first side, the second light ray can be reflected by the first side to the bottom surface of the optical folding element (i.e., the second surface in this embodiment), thereby effectively avoiding the imaging of the second light ray and helping to reduce the impact of stray light on the image quality. At the same time, the projection of the first groove onto the first plane is set at an angle relative to the normal direction of the incident surface, which can further adapt to the optical folding element with a narrow top and wide bottom structure, thereby better eliminating stray light entering the interior of the optical folding element, reducing the impact of stray light on the image quality, and improving the user experience.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the angle formed between the first side surface and the first surface is between 100° and 130°. This results in better stray light elimination by the first side surface, which helps reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the angle between the first reflecting surface and the incident surface is between 20° and 40°. This ensures that the angle between the first reflecting surface and the incident surface is within a certain range, allowing the first groove to effectively eliminate stray light and reduce its impact on image quality.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes multiple second grooves, the openings of which are all formed on the second surface. It is understood that the optical folding element in this embodiment provides multiple second grooves on its bottom surface (i.e., the second surface in this embodiment), and the groove surfaces of the second grooves can reflect light. Thus, when stray light is reflected to the second surface, it can be reflected by the groove surfaces of the second grooves and transmitted in a direction toward the incident surface. That is, the stray light reflected by the groove surfaces of the second grooves will not ultimately exit from the exit surface and be imaged onto the image sensor, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on image quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the length extension direction of the second groove is set at an angle to the first direction. This allows the second groove to effectively eliminate stray light, thus reducing its impact on image quality.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the angle formed between the length extension direction of the second groove and the first direction is less than or equal to 10°. This allows the second groove to effectively eliminate stray light, thus reducing its impact on image quality.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes a second reflective surface located between the first and second surfaces and on the side of the first side facing away from the first reflective surface. The optical folding element also includes a light-blocking layer located between the first and second reflective surfaces. The light-blocking layer is fixedly connected to the second surface and spaced apart from the first surface, forming a light-transmitting area between the light-blocking layer and the first surface. In this way, the light-blocking layer can block stray light, preventing stray light imaging and reducing the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes a light-blocking groove. The opening of the light-blocking groove is formed on the second surface, and the groove surface is capable of reflecting light, forming a light-blocking layer. The groove surface includes a first groove side surface and a second groove side surface disposed opposite to each other, and a groove top surface connecting the first and second groove side surfaces. The groove top surface is arc-shaped. Alternatively, the groove top surface includes a first top surface and a second top surface disposed at an angle, with the angle between the first and second top surfaces ranging from 20° to 120°. In this way, the light-blocking groove can effectively eliminate stray light, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes multiple third grooves, the openings of which are all formed on the top surface of the grooves. It is understood that the optical folding element in this embodiment also includes multiple third grooves. These multiple third grooves can be located on the top surface of the light-blocking groove. Thus, when stray light strikes the top surface of the light-blocking groove, the stray light can be reflected in the direction towards the incident surface by the groove surface of the third groove, thereby effectively preventing stray light from imaging onto the image sensor, reducing the impact of stray light on image quality, and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface disposed opposite to each other, and the included angle formed between the first groove surface and the second groove surface is between 30° and 110°. In this way, the first groove can effectively eliminate stray light, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface disposed opposite to each other, wherein the width of the first groove surface is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers; or, the width of the first groove surface is in the range of 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

[0026] In this way, the width of the first groove is moderate. On the one hand, it can avoid the first groove being too narrow, which would cause excessive mechanical stress when processing the first groove, making processing difficult. At the same time, it can also ensure the surface shape of the first groove when processing the first groove, which is conducive to improving processing accuracy. On the other hand, it can avoid the first groove being too wide, which would increase the manufacturing cost and make it difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire optical folding element.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface disposed opposite to each other, with the first groove surface connecting to the second groove surface; or, the connection between the first groove surface and the second groove surface forms a rounded corner, the radius of which is less than or equal to 10% of the height of the triangle containing the first and second groove surfaces; or, the connection between the first groove surface and the second groove surface forms a rounded corner, the radius of which is less than or equal to 10 micrometers. In this way, the cross-section of the first groove can be approximately triangular, which can effectively reflect stray light incident on the first side surface in the direction towards the incident surface, avoiding stray light imaging and helping to ensure image quality.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface arranged opposite to each other. Both the first groove surface and the second groove surface are curved surfaces, and the centers of curvature of the first groove surface and the second groove surface are located on opposite sides of the first groove. In this way, the first groove can effectively eliminate stray light, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element further includes a first light-absorbing layer, which is fixed within a first groove and covers at least a portion of the groove surface.

[0030] In this way, when stray light strikes the surface of the first groove, at least a portion of its energy can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, effectively reducing the energy of the stray light and minimizing its impact on image quality, thus improving the user's shooting experience. Simultaneously, the first end of the first groove is inclined closer to the first reflective surface than the second end, resulting in a smaller angle of incidence between the stray light transmitted to the first groove and the groove surface. This allows most of the stray light's energy to be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, effectively eliminating its impact on image quality.

[0031] Secondly, an optical folding element is provided. The optical folding element includes a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface connected end to end in sequence. The first surface is perpendicular to the second surface. The optical folding element has an incident surface and an exit surface, with the incident surface located on the first surface and the exit surface located on the second surface. The optical folding element also includes a first side surface and a second side surface, both of which are connected to the first surface, the second surface, and the third surface. The first side surface and the second side surface are located on opposite sides of the first surface. The optical folding element also includes a plurality of first grooves, which are distributed on the first side surface and / or the second side surface. A first ray enters the optical folding element from the incident surface, is reflected inside the optical folding element, and is emitted from the exit surface. A second ray enters the optical folding element from the incident surface and is reflected in the direction toward the incident surface under the action of the groove surface of the first groove.

[0032] It is understood that the optical folding element in this embodiment is a prism. By providing multiple first grooves on the first and / or second sides, and with the length extension direction of the first grooves intersecting the normal direction of the incident surface, stray light incident on the first or second side can be reflected by the groove surface of the first groove in the direction towards the incident surface, instead of being transmitted to the exit surface, and ultimately imaged on the image sensor. That is, the optical folding element in this embodiment can effectively reduce the impact of stray light on image quality and improve the user's shooting experience.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the length of the first groove extends in a direction that intersects the normal direction of the incident surface. This allows the first groove to effectively eliminate stray light transmitted to the sides of the optical folding element, thus improving image quality.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the length of the first groove extends perpendicularly to the normal direction of the incident surface. This allows the first groove to effectively eliminate stray light transmitted to the sides of the optical folding element, thus improving image quality.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the refractive index of the optical folding element is greater than or equal to 1.7.

[0036] It is understandable that compared to optical folding elements with lower refractive indices, optical folding elements are typically larger in size to match their larger total internal reflection angle and reduce the influence of stray light, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of camera modules. Even if the size of the optical folding element is reduced to meet miniaturization requirements, the smaller refractive index and larger total internal reflection angle result in more stray light being generated within the optical folding element, affecting the imaging performance of the camera module. However, the optical folding element in this embodiment is made of a material with a higher refractive index, resulting in a smaller total internal reflection angle within the optical folding element. This allows for the reduction of the size of the optical folding element while meeting the imaging performance requirements of the camera module, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the camera module. In other words, the optical folding element in this embodiment can maintain the imaging quality of the camera module while having a smaller size.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the optical folding element is made of heavy lanthanum flint glass or heavy crown glass. This results in a high refractive index for the optical folding element, allowing it to maintain image quality while having a small size.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface disposed opposite to each other, and the included angle formed between the first groove surface and the second groove surface is between 30° and 110°. In this way, the first groove can effectively eliminate stray light, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface disposed opposite to each other. The width of the first groove surface is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers; or, the width of the first groove surface is between 10 micrometers and 100 micrometers. This provides a moderate width for the first groove surface. On the one hand, it avoids the first groove surface being too narrow, which would lead to excessive mechanical stress during the processing of the first groove, hindering processing. Simultaneously, it ensures the surface shape of the first groove surface during processing, improving processing accuracy. On the other hand, it avoids the first groove surface being too wide, which would increase manufacturing costs and hinder the reduction of the overall manufacturing cost of the optical folding element.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the groove surface of the first groove includes a first groove surface and a second groove surface arranged opposite to each other. Both the first groove surface and the second groove surface are curved surfaces, and the centers of curvature of the first groove surface and the second groove surface are located on opposite sides of the first groove. In this way, the first groove can effectively eliminate stray light, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0041] Thirdly, a camera module is provided. The camera module includes an image sensor and the aforementioned optical folding element, with the image sensor located on the image side of the optical folding element. It is understood that the optical folding element of the camera module in this embodiment generates less stray light, resulting in better image quality.

[0042] Fourthly, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a device housing and the aforementioned camera module, with the camera module disposed within the device housing. It is understood that the camera module of the electronic device in this embodiment has relatively good imaging quality. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the electronic device shown in Figure 1, cut along point AA;

[0046] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 1 in some embodiments;

[0047] Figure 4 is an exploded structural diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0048] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the camera module shown in Figure 3, cut along BB.

[0049] Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of light propagation in some embodiments of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0050] Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of the total reflection angle of the optical folding element shown in Figure 6a;

[0051] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of light propagation in some other embodiments of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0052] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the total reflection angle of the optical folding element shown in Figure 7a;

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 4 in some embodiments;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 from another perspective;

[0055] Figure 10a is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 from another viewpoint;

[0056] Figure 10b is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 from another perspective;

[0057] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 from another perspective;

[0058] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a typical optical folding element in some embodiments;

[0059] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 12 from another perspective;

[0060] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 from another perspective;

[0061] Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical folding element shown in Figure 5 in another embodiment;

[0062] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 5 in another embodiment;

[0063] Figure 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 9 at point C;

[0064] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 17 in some other embodiments;

[0065] Figure 19 is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 17 in some other embodiments;

[0066] Figure 20 is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 19 in other embodiments;

[0067] Figure 21 is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 17 in some other embodiments;

[0068] Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of the first groove shown in Figure 17 in some embodiments;

[0069] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 in some embodiments;

[0070] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of the optical folding element shown in Figure 8 in some embodiments;

[0071] Figure 25 is a flowchart of step S50 shown in Figure 23 in some embodiments;

[0072] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the electronic device shown in Figure 1 cut along point AA in another embodiment;

[0073] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical folding element shown in Figure 26 in some embodiments;

[0074] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 27 from another perspective;

[0075] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of stray light propagation in a local area of ​​a typical optical folding element;

[0076] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of stray light propagation in a local area of ​​the optical folding element shown in Figure 27. Detailed Implementation

[0077] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0078] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0080] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0081] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in another embodiment" appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0082] It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the relevant invention and not for limiting the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0083] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 1 cut along point AA.

[0084] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the electronic device 1000 can be a mobile phone, tablet personal computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), camera, personal computer, laptop computer, in-vehicle equipment, wearable device, augmented reality (AR) glasses, AR headset, virtual reality (VR) glasses, or VR headset, or any other device with a camera module. The electronic device 1000 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 is illustrated using a mobile phone as an example.

[0085] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the electronic device 1000 may include a camera module 100, a device housing 200, a screen 300, and an image processor (not shown). The camera module 100 may be a rear-facing camera module or a front-facing camera module. It should be noted that Figure 1 and the related figures below only schematically illustrate some components of the electronic device 1000; the actual shape, size, position, and structure of these components are not limited by Figure 1 and the figures below. Furthermore, when the electronic device 1000 is a device of other forms, the screen 300 may not be included.

[0086] For ease of description, the width direction of electronic device 1000 is defined as the X-axis. The length direction of electronic device 1000 is defined as the Y-axis. The thickness direction of electronic device 1000 is defined as the Z-axis. It can be understood that the coordinate system settings of electronic device 1000 can be flexibly configured according to specific practical needs.

[0087] For example, the device housing 200 may include a frame 201 and a rear cover 202. The rear cover 202 is fixed to the frame 201. For example, the rear cover 202 may be fixedly connected to the frame 201 by adhesive. The rear cover 202 may also be integrally formed with the frame 201, that is, the rear cover 202 and the frame 201 are a single structure.

[0088] Alternatively, the screen 300 can be located on the side of the bezel 201 away from the back cover 202. In this case, the screen 300 and the back cover 202 are located on opposite sides of the bezel 201. The screen 300, bezel 201, and back cover 202 together enclose the interior of the electronic device 1000. The interior of the electronic device 1000 can be used to house components of the electronic device 1000, such as a battery, receiver, or microphone. The screen 300 can be a flat screen or a curved screen.

[0089] For example, the camera module 100 can be located inside the electronic device 1000. The camera module 100 can be fixed to the side of the screen 300 facing the rear cover 202. The rear cover 202 can have a light-transmitting hole 203. The shape of the light-transmitting hole 203 is not limited to the circle shown in Figure 1. The light-transmitting hole 203 connects the interior of the electronic device 1000 to the exterior of the electronic device 1000. Light from the exterior of the electronic device 1000 can enter the interior of the electronic device 1000 through the light-transmitting hole 203. The camera module 100 can capture the ambient light entering the interior of the electronic device 1000.

[0090] For example, an image processor can be communicatively connected to a camera module 100. The image processor can acquire and process image data from the camera module 100. The communication connection between the camera module 100 and the image processor can include data transmission via electrical connections such as wiring, or data transmission via coupling or other methods. It is understood that the camera module 100 and the image processor can also communicate via other methods capable of data transmission.

[0091] The function of an image processor is to optimize digital image signals through a series of complex mathematical algorithms, and finally transmit the processed signals to the display. An image processor can be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing chip.

[0092] It is understood that the mounting position of the camera module 100 in the electronic device 1000 of the embodiment shown in FIG1 is merely illustrative, and this application does not strictly limit the mounting position of the camera module 100. In some embodiments, the camera module 100 may also be mounted in other locations on the electronic device 1000, for example, the camera module 100 may also be mounted on the upper-middle part or the upper right corner of the back of the electronic device 1000. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may include a device body and auxiliary components that can rotate, move, or be detached relative to the device body. In this case, the camera module 100 may also be mounted on the auxiliary components.

[0093] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 1 in some embodiments. Figure 4 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 cut along BB in one embodiment.

[0094] As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the camera module 100 may include a motor 10, a lens 20, an optical folding element 30, a bracket 40, an image sensor 50, and a circuit assembly 60. The image sensor 50 can also be referred to as a photosensitive chip or a photosensitive element. The image sensor 50 can be used to collect ambient light and convert the image information carried by the ambient light into electrical signals.

[0095] For example, the optical folding element 30 can be fixed inside the bracket 40. The motor 10 and the image sensor 50 can be located on the same side of the optical folding element 30 and both can be fixedly connected to the bracket 40. The lens 20 can be mounted inside the motor 10. The motor 10 can drive the lens 20 to move in a direction closer to or farther from the optical folding element 30 to achieve optical focusing. In some embodiments, the motor 10 can also have optical image stabilization. That is, the motor 10 can be an integrated motor that combines optical image stabilization and focusing functions.

[0096] For example, the motor 10 can be electrically connected to the image sensor 50 via the circuit assembly 60. In some embodiments, the circuit assembly 60 may also include a connector (not shown), such as a board-to-board connector. The circuit assembly 60 can be electrically connected to the motherboard (not shown) of the electronic device 1000 via the connector.

[0097] For example, light can pass through lens 20 and enter optical folding element 30, undergo one or more reflections inside optical folding element 30, and then exit optical folding element 30 to finally form an image on image sensor 50. In this way, light can undergo one or more reflections inside optical folding element 30 before forming an image on image sensor 50, thereby folding the light path and effectively increasing the focal length and total track length (TTL) of camera module 100.

[0098] Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of light propagation in some embodiments of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of the total internal reflection angle of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 6a.

[0099] As shown in Figures 6a and 6b, the optical folding element 30 can be made of a material with a high refractive index. For example, it can be a glass material with a high refractive index, including but not limited to lanthanum heavy flint glass (e.g., ZLAF55D lanthanum heavy flint glass) and crown glass (e.g., H-ZF88 crown glass). The refractive index n of the optical folding element 30 can be greater than or equal to 1.7. In this case, the total internal reflection angle of light within the optical folding element 30 is small. Exemplarily, the total internal reflection angle can be less than or equal to 33°. In this embodiment, the refractive index n can be equal to 1.8, and the total internal reflection angle can be approximately equal to 33°.

[0100] It is understandable that compared to optical folding elements with lower refractive indices, optical folding elements are typically larger in size to match their larger total internal reflection angle and reduce the influence of stray light, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of camera modules. Even if the size of the optical folding element is reduced to meet miniaturization requirements, the smaller refractive index and larger total internal reflection angle result in more stray light being generated within the optical folding element, affecting the imaging effect of the camera module. However, the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment is made of a material with a higher refractive index, resulting in a smaller total internal reflection angle within the optical folding element 30. This allows for the reduction of the size of the optical folding element 30 while meeting the imaging effect requirements of the camera module 100, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the camera module 100. In other words, the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment can maintain the imaging quality of the camera module 100 while having a smaller size.

[0101] Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of light propagation in some other embodiments of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the total internal reflection angle of the optical folding element shown in Figure 7a.

[0102] As shown in Figures 7a and 7b, the optical folding element 30 can also be made of resin material or ordinary glass material (including but not limited to H-K9 glass and JGS1 fused silica glass). The refractive index n of the optical folding element 30 can be less than 1.7. In this case, the total internal reflection angle of light within the optical folding element 30 is relatively large, and can be greater than 33°. For example, the refractive index n can be equal to 1.5. The total internal reflection angle is approximately equal to 42°.

[0103] It is understood that the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment is made of resin or other glass materials with low refractive index, which makes the optical folding element 30 easy to manufacture and helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the optical folding element 30.

[0104] This application improves the structure of the optical folding element 30, which can effectively eliminate stray light without affecting effective light imaging, resulting in high image quality. The specific structure of the optical folding element 30 will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0105] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 4 in some embodiments. Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 from another viewpoint. Figure 10a is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 from yet another viewpoint. Figure 10b is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 from yet yet another viewpoint.

[0106] As shown in Figures 8 to 10b, the optical folding element 30 may include a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 31 may be parallel to the second surface 32 and arranged in the height direction (i.e., the Z-axis direction in this embodiment) of the optical folding element 30. The first surface 31 may be disposed closer to the lens 20 than the second surface 32. In this case, the first surface 31 may constitute the top surface of the optical folding element 30. The second surface 32 may constitute the bottom surface of the optical folding element 30. Exemplarily, in the length direction of the optical folding element 30 (i.e., the X-axis direction in this embodiment), the size of the first surface 31 may be larger than the size of the second surface 32.

[0107] Exemplarily, the optical folding element 30 may further include a first side 33, a second side 34, a third side 35, and a fourth side 36. The first side 33 may be disposed opposite to the second side 34. The third side 35 may be disposed opposite to the fourth side 36. The first side 33, the third side 35, the second side 34, and the fourth side 36 may be connected end-to-end in sequence. All four sides may be connected between the first surface 31 and the second surface 32. The first side 33 and the second side 34 may be arranged in the width direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction in this embodiment) of the optical folding element 30. The direction from the first side 33 to the second side 34 may be the first direction Y. That is, the first direction Y may be the width direction of the optical folding element 30. The third side 35 and the fourth side 36 may be arranged in the length direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in this embodiment) of the optical folding element 30. The direction from the third side 35 to the fourth side 36 may be the second direction X. That is, the second direction X may be the length direction of the optical folding element 30.

[0108] For example, both the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 can be arranged at an angle to the first surface 31. The angle formed between the first side surface 33 and the first surface 31 can be greater than 90°. The angle formed between the second side surface 34 and the first surface 31 can be greater than 90°. The distance between the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 can increase in the direction closer to the second surface 32. The angle formed between the first side surface 33 and the first surface 31 can be equal to the angle formed between the second side surface 34 and the first surface 31.

[0109] For example, the angle α1 formed between the first side surface 33 and the first surface 31 can be in the range of 100° to 130°. In some embodiments, the angle α1 formed between the first side surface 33 and the first surface 31 can be in the range of 110° to 120°.

[0110] In other embodiments, the first side 33 may also be arranged parallel to the second side 34.

[0111] As shown in Figures 8 to 10b, both the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36 can be set at an angle to the first surface 31. The angle formed between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31 can be less than 90°. The angle formed between the fourth side surface 36 and the first surface 31 can also be less than 90°. The third side surface 35 can be set at an angle to the fourth side surface 36. The distance between the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36 can increase in the direction closer to the second surface 32. The angle formed between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31 can be equal to the angle formed between the fourth side surface 36 and the first surface 31.

[0112] For example, the angle α2 formed between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31 can be in the range of 20° to 40°. In some embodiments, the angle α2 formed between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31 can also be in the range of 26° to 36°.

[0113] Exemplarily, the connection between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31 may also have a first transition surface 351. The first transition surface 351 may connect the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31. The first transition surface 351 may be perpendicular to the first surface 31. The first transition surface 351 may connect the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34. The connection between the fourth side surface 36 and the first surface 31 may also have a second transition surface 361. The second transition surface 361 may connect the fourth side surface 36 and the first surface 31. The second transition surface 361 may be perpendicular to the first surface 31.

[0114] Exemplarily, the connection between the first side surface 33 and the second surface 32 may also have a third transition surface 331. The third transition surface 331 may connect the first side surface 33 and the second surface 32. The third transition surface 331 may be perpendicular to the second surface 32. The connection between the second side surface 34 and the second surface 32 may also have a fourth transition surface 341. The fourth transition surface 341 may connect the second side surface 34 and the second surface 32. The fourth transition surface 341 may be perpendicular to the second surface 32.

[0115] In other embodiments, the optical folding element 30 may also exclude any one or more of the first transition surface 351, the second transition surface 361, the third transition surface 331, and the fourth transition surface 341.

[0116] As shown in Figures 8 to 10b, the optical folding element 30 may have an incident surface 30a and an exit surface 30b. Both the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b can be formed on the first surface 31 of the optical folding element 30. That is, the first surface 31 may include the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b. The incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b may be located on the same side of the optical folding element 30. The incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b may be arranged in a first direction Y. The first direction Y may be parallel to the X-axis direction, that is, the length extension direction of the optical folding element 30. When light enters the interior of the optical folding element 30 through the incident surface 30a, the light can undergo multiple reflections within the optical folding element 30 and finally exit through the exit surface 30b. In other words, the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b can be transmission surfaces in the optical folding element 30 used for optical signal transmission. The reflection of light within the optical folding element 30 can be ordinary reflection or total internal reflection. For example, when the angle of incidence of light is close to or greater than the critical angle of the optical folding element 30, total internal reflection (TIR) ​​can occur inside the optical folding element 30. It should be noted that the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b are indicated by dashed lines in Figure 8 and subsequent figures.

[0117] Exemplarily, the optical folding element 30 may further include one or more reflective surfaces. The reflective surfaces can be formed by applying a reflective material to the surface of the optical folding element 30 (e.g., by coating a reflective coating / adhering a reflective film). In this embodiment, the number of reflective surfaces can be three, for example, including a first reflective surface 371, a second reflective surface 372, and a third reflective surface 373. The first reflective surface 371 can be formed on the third side surface 35. The second reflective surface 372 can be formed on the fourth side surface 36. The third reflective surface 373 can be formed on the first surface 31 and located between the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b. In this case, both the first reflective surface 371 and the second reflective surface 372 can be located on the image side of the incident surface 30a. The third reflective surface 373 and the incident surface 30a can be located on the same side of the optical folding element 30. The angle formed between the first reflective surface 371 and the incident surface 30a can be equal to the angle α2 between the third side surface 35 and the first surface 31.

[0118] For example, the third side surface 35 may be entirely covered with reflective material to form a first reflective surface 371. That is, the first reflective surface 371 may completely overlap with the third side surface 35. The fourth side surface 36 may also be entirely covered with reflective material to form a second reflective surface 372. That is, the second reflective surface 372 may completely overlap with the fourth side surface 36. The first reflective surface 371 and the incident surface 30a may form an angle of less than 90°. The second reflective surface 372 and the incident surface 30a may also form an angle of less than 90°. The angle between the first reflective surface 371 and the incident surface 30a may be equal to the angle between the second reflective surface 372 and the incident surface 30a. The distance between the first reflective surface 371 and the second reflective surface 372 may increase in the direction closer to the first surface 31.

[0119] For example, the projection of the first reflecting surface 371 onto the plane containing the first surface 31 can overlap with at least a portion of the incident surface 30a. The projection of the second reflecting surface 372 onto the plane containing the first surface 31 can overlap with at least a portion of the exiting surface 30b. In this way, after light enters the interior of the optical folding element 30 from the incident surface 30a, it can be reflected by one or more of the first reflecting surface 371, the second reflecting surface 372, and the third reflecting surface 373, and finally imaged onto the image sensor 50 (as shown in FIG. 5).

[0120] In some embodiments, the third side surface 35 may also be provided with a reflective material only in a portion of its area (e.g., the central area of ​​the third side surface 35) to form a first reflective surface 371. In this case, the portion of the third side surface 35 that does not overlap with the first reflective surface 371 may also be provided with light-absorbing ink to absorb stray light and improve image quality.

[0121] In other embodiments, the exit surface 30b may also be located on the second surface 32. The first reflecting surface 371 may also be arranged parallel to the second reflecting surface 372.

[0122] As shown in Figures 8 to 10b, the optical folding element 30 may further include a light-blocking layer 38. The light-blocking layer 38 may be located between the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36, that is, between the first reflecting surface 371 and the second reflecting surface 372. The light-blocking layer 38 may be connected to the second surface 32 and spaced apart from the first surface 31. A light-transmitting area 30c (as shown in Figure 5) may be formed between the light-blocking layer 38 and the first surface 31, allowing light to pass through. Thus, by providing a light-blocking layer 38 inside the optical folding element 30 to block light, stray light outside the light-transmitting area 30c can be prevented from passing through and being imaged on the image sensor 50, thus preventing it from affecting the image quality.

[0123] For example, the optical folding element 30 may also have a light-blocking groove 381. The opening of the light-blocking groove 381 may be formed on the second surface 32, the first side surface 33, and the second side surface 34. In this case, the light-blocking groove 381 may be recessed into the interior of the optical folding element 30. The groove surface 382 of the light-blocking groove 381 may be coated / attached with a reflective material so that the groove surface 382 of the light-blocking groove 381 can reflect light to form a light-blocking layer 38.

[0124] For example, the groove surface 382 of the light-blocking groove 381 may include a first groove side surface 3821 and a second groove side surface 3822 disposed opposite to each other, and a groove top surface 3823 connecting the first groove side surface 3821 and the second groove side surface 3822 (as shown in FIG. 5). The first groove side surface 3821 may be parallel to the second groove side surface 3822. The groove top surface 3823 may be arc-shaped. This shape of the light-blocking groove 381 facilitates processing and reduces manufacturing difficulty. In other embodiments, the groove top surface 3823 may also be a plane. The groove top surface 3823 may be parallel to the second surface 32.

[0125] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 from another perspective.

[0126] As shown in Figures 8 and 11, the optical folding element 30 may include a plurality of first grooves 391. The plurality of first grooves 391 may be distributed on a first side surface 33 and / or a second side surface 34. The first grooves 391 may be elongated. The projection of the first grooves 391 onto a first plane M is a first projection. The first plane M may be perpendicular to a first direction Y (in this embodiment, perpendicular to the direction from the first side surface 33 to the second side surface 34, i.e., perpendicular to the Y-axis direction). In this embodiment, the first plane M may be an XZ plane. The length extension direction of the first projection may be angled with the normal direction of the incident surface 30a (in this embodiment, the normal direction of the first surface 31, i.e., the Z-axis direction). The angle β1 formed between the length extension direction of the first projection and the incident surface 30a may be less than or equal to 50°. For example, the angle β1 formed between the length extension direction of the first projection and the incident surface 30a may be less than or equal to 15°. For example, the angle β1 formed between the length extension direction of the first projection and the incident surface 30a can be 3°, 10°, etc.

[0127] For example, the angle β2 formed between the length extension direction of the first projection and the first surface 31 can be greater than 90°. The opening of the angle β2 can face the first reflecting surface 371. In this case, the first projection can be tilted toward the first reflecting surface 371.

[0128] For example, the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 can be a reflective surface. For instance, a reflective material can be coated / attached to the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 to enable the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 to reflect light. When light is transmitted to the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391, the light can be reflected by the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391.

[0129] For example, a portion of the plurality of first grooves 391 may be located on the first side surface 33, and another portion may be located on the second side surface 34. The plurality of first grooves 391 located on the first side surface 33 may constitute a first set of grooves. The openings of the plurality of first grooves 391 in the first set of grooves may be formed on the first side surface 33. The plurality of first grooves 391 located on the second side surface 34 may constitute a second set of grooves. The openings of the plurality of first grooves 391 in the second set of grooves may be formed on the second side surface 34. The first set of grooves and the second set of grooves may be symmetrical structures.

[0130] For example, taking the first set of grooves as an example, the projected area of ​​the first set of grooves on the first side surface 33 can be greater than or equal to 50% of the area of ​​the first side surface 33. The first set of grooves can be located in the middle of the first side surface 33. The first set of grooves can be spaced apart from the first transition surface 351 and the second transition surface 361. In this way, the multiple first grooves 391 in the first set of grooves can be concentrated in the area of ​​the first side surface 33 that reflects stray light, thereby reducing the number of first grooves 391 and helping to save manufacturing costs. In some embodiments, the multiple first grooves 391 in the first set of grooves can also completely cover the first side surface 33.

[0131] For example, each of the plurality of first grooves 391 in the first group of grooves can be connected to the first surface 31. A portion of the plurality of first grooves 391 in the first group of grooves can also be connected to the third side surface 35, a portion can also be connected to the third transition surface 331, and a portion can also be connected to the fourth side surface 36. In some embodiments, when the optical folding element 30 does not have the third transition surface 331, a portion of the plurality of first grooves 391 in the first group of grooves can also be connected to the second surface 32.

[0132] For example, the optical folding element 30 may further include a first light-absorbing layer (not shown). The first light-absorbing layer may be fixedly connected to the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 and cover at least a portion of the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391. For example, the light-absorbing layer may be formed by coating the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 with light-absorbing ink or by providing a light-absorbing film layer. In this way, when light is transmitted to the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391, at least a portion of the light energy can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, thereby reducing the intensity of the light.

[0133] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a typical optical folding element 500 in some embodiments. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical folding element 500 shown in Figure 12 from another viewpoint.

[0134] When a user takes a picture, ambient light can enter the interior of the optical folding element through its incident surface. This light can include a first ray and a second ray. The first ray can be the effective light within the shooting area. The second ray can be stray light from outside the shooting area. After entering the interior of the optical folding element through the incident surface, the first ray is reflected by the reflective surface and finally exits the optical folding element through the exit surface, forming an image on the image sensor. The second ray, after entering the interior of the optical folding element through the incident surface, is transmitted to either the first or second side of the optical folding element.

[0135] As shown in Figures 12 and 13, in a typical optical folding element 500, a portion of the stray light in the second ray passes through the incident surface (not shown) located on the top surface 501 and is directed towards the first reflecting surface 502. After being reflected by the first reflecting surface 502, it is directed to the first side surface 503 or the second side surface 504. Then, it is reflected by the first side surface 503 or the second side surface 504 to the second reflecting surface 505 located on the top surface 501. The second reflecting surface 505 then reflects the light to the third reflecting surface 506, and finally, the light is reflected by the third reflecting surface 506 to the exiting surface (not shown) located on the top surface 501. The light is then emitted from the exiting surface and finally imaged onto the image sensor. A portion of the stray light in the second ray will be incident from the top surface 501 to the first reflecting surface 502, reflected by the first reflecting surface 502 to the second reflecting surface 505 on the top surface 501, reflected by the second reflecting surface 505 to the third reflecting surface 506, and then reflected by the third reflecting surface 506 to the exiting surface on the top surface 501, and finally emitted from the exiting surface to be imaged on the image sensor. At this time, the stray light will interfere with the image quality and affect the user experience.

[0136] In this embodiment, the optical folding element 30 (as shown in Figures 10a and 11) has multiple first grooves 391 on its sides (including the first side 33 and the second side 34), and the projection of the first grooves 391 onto the first plane M can be angled relative to the normal direction of the incident surface 30a. Thus, when the second light ray is transmitted to the side of the optical folding element 30, it can be reflected in the direction towards the incident surface 30a by the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391. That is, after the second light ray transmitted to the side of the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment is reflected by the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391, it will not ultimately be emitted from the exit surface 30b and imaged onto the image sensor, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on image quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0137] Secondly, in this embodiment, the angle β2 formed between the first groove 391 and the first surface 31 along the length extension direction of the projection of the first plane M can be greater than 90°, and the opening of the angle β2 can face the first reflecting surface 371. Thus, the first groove 391 can be tilted towards the first reflecting surface 371. When the second light is reflected by the first reflecting surface 371 and transmitted to the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391, the incident angle between the second light and the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 is small. This allows the second light to be reflected to the first reflecting surface 371 or the second surface 32 under the action of the groove surface 391a, and finally reflected towards the incident surface 30a under the action of the first reflecting surface 371 or the second surface 32. In other words, by setting the first end 391b of the first groove 391 to be tilted towards the first reflecting surface 371 compared to the second end 391c, stray light entering the optical folding element 30 can be effectively eliminated, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on imaging quality.

[0138] In addition, the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment may also include a first light-absorbing layer. The first light-absorbing layer may be disposed on the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391. In this way, when stray light is incident on the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391, at least part of the energy of the stray light can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, which can effectively reduce the energy of the stray light, reduce the impact of stray light on image quality, and improve the user's shooting experience. At the same time, the first end 391b of the first groove 391 is inclined in the direction closer to the first reflective surface 371 compared with the second end 391c, so that the incident angle between the stray light transmitted to the first groove 391 and the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 is smaller, so that most of the energy of the stray light can be absorbed by the first light-absorbing layer, thereby effectively eliminating the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0139] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first side surface 33 of the optical folding element 30 can be set at an angle to the incident surface 30a. The distance between the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 can increase along the direction closer to the second surface 32. In this way, when the second light ray is transmitted to the first side surface 33, the second light ray can be reflected by the first side surface 33 to the bottom surface of the optical folding element 30 (i.e., the second surface 32 in this embodiment), thereby effectively avoiding the imaging of the second light ray and helping to reduce the impact of stray light on the imaging quality. At the same time, the projection of the first groove 391 onto the first plane M is set at an angle relative to the normal direction of the incident surface 30a, which can further adapt to the optical folding element 30 with its narrow top and wide bottom structure, thereby better eliminating stray light entering the interior of the optical folding element 30, reducing the impact of stray light on the imaging quality, and improving the user experience.

[0140] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 from another perspective.

[0141] As shown in Figures 8 and 14, the optical folding element 30 may further include a plurality of second grooves 392. The plurality of second grooves 392 may be distributed on the second surface 32. Openings of the plurality of second grooves 392 may be formed on the second surface 32. Exemplarily, the second grooves 392 may also connect the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34.

[0142] Exemplarily, the length extension direction of the second groove 392 may be parallel to the first direction Y (i.e., the Y-axis direction in this embodiment). A plurality of second grooves 392 may be evenly distributed on the second surface 32. A portion of the plurality of second grooves 392 may be located on the side of the light-blocking groove 381 near the third side surface 35, and another portion may be located on the side of the light-blocking layer 38 near the fourth side surface 36. In some embodiments, the length extension direction of the second groove 392 may also intersect the first direction Y. The angle formed between the length extension direction of the second groove 392 and the first direction Y may be less than or equal to 10°.

[0143] For example, the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392 can be a reflective surface. For instance, a reflective material can be coated / attached to the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392 to enable the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392 to reflect light. When light is transmitted to the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392, the light can be reflected by the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392.

[0144] For example, the optical folding element 30 may further include a second light-absorbing layer (not shown). The second light-absorbing layer may be disposed on the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392 and cover at least a portion of the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392. For example, the light-absorbing layer may be formed by coating the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392 with light-absorbing ink or by providing a light-absorbing film layer. In this way, when light is transmitted to the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392, at least a portion of the light energy can be absorbed by the second light-absorbing layer, thereby reducing the intensity of the light.

[0145] It is understood that the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment has multiple second grooves 392 provided on its bottom surface (i.e., the second surface 32 in this embodiment), and the groove surface 392a of the second grooves 392 can reflect light. Thus, when stray light is reflected to the second surface 32, it can be reflected by the groove surface 392a of the second grooves 392 and transmitted in a direction toward the incident surface 30a. That is, the stray light reflected by the groove surface 392a of the second grooves 392 will not ultimately exit from the exit surface 30b and be imaged onto the image sensor 50, thereby effectively reducing the impact of stray light on image quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0146] Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 5 in another embodiment.

[0147] As shown in Figure 15, the structure of the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment is largely the same as that of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8, and the similarities will not be repeated. Some differences between the two are described below. Exemplarily, the optical folding element 30 may further include a plurality of third grooves 393. The plurality of third grooves 393 may be distributed on the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking groove 381. The openings of the plurality of third grooves 393 may be formed on the top surface 3823. The third grooves 393 may be elongated. The length extension direction of the third grooves 393 may be parallel to the first direction Y (i.e., the Y-axis direction in this embodiment). The plurality of third grooves 393 may be distributed on the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking groove 381. The groove surface 393a of the third groove 393 may be a reflective surface. For example, a reflective material can be coated / attached to the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393 to enable the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393 to reflect light. When light is transmitted to the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393, the light can be reflected by the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393.

[0148] For example, the optical folding element 30 may further include a third light-absorbing layer (not shown). The third light-absorbing layer may be disposed on the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393 and cover at least a portion of the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393. For example, the light-absorbing layer may be formed by coating the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393 with light-absorbing ink or by providing a light-absorbing film layer. In this way, when light is transmitted to the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393, at least a portion of the light energy can be absorbed by the third light-absorbing layer, thereby reducing the intensity of the light.

[0149] It is understood that the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment also includes a plurality of third grooves 393. The plurality of third grooves 393 may be located on the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking groove 381. In this way, when stray light is incident on the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking groove 381, the stray light can be reflected in the direction toward the incident surface 30a under the action of the groove surface 393a of the third groove 393, thereby effectively preventing stray light from being imaged on the image sensor, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on image quality and improve the user's shooting experience.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG16, FIG16 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in FIG5 in another embodiment. The structure of the optical folding element 30 in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the optical folding element 30 shown in FIG8, and the same parts will not be described again. Exemplarily, the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking groove 381 may include a first top surface 3831 and a second top surface 3832 arranged at an angle. The angle α3 formed between the first top surface 3831 and the second top surface 3832 can be in the range of 20° to 120°. Exemplarily, the angle formed between the first top surface 3831 and the second top surface 3832 can be an acute angle. In this way, compared to the arc-shaped top surface 3823 of the light-blocking slot 381, when stray light is incident on the top surface 3823 of the light-blocking slot 381 (for example, when it is incident on the vertex of the top surface 3823), it will be reflected in the direction towards the exit surface 30b under the action of the top surface 3823, causing the stray light to be imaged on the image sensor and reducing the image quality. In this embodiment, by forming a first top surface 3831 and a second top surface 3832 set at an angle on the top surface 3823, the top surface 3823 can reflect the stray light incident on itself in the direction towards the incident surface 30a, thereby effectively avoiding the stray light incident on the top surface 3823 from being reflected to the exit surface 30b, which helps to reduce the impact of stray light on the image quality and ensure the image quality.

[0151] In other embodiments, the optical folding element 30 may also be a cemented prism. In this case, the optical folding element 30 may include a first sub-part (not shown) and a second sub-part (not shown) that are independent of each other. The first sub-part can be fixed to the second sub-part by adhesive bonding. In this way, a light-blocking layer 38 can be formed by coating / adhering a light-blocking material to the adhesive surfaces of the first sub-part and / or the second sub-part. In some other embodiments, the optical folding element 30 may not have a light-blocking layer 38.

[0152] The structure of the optical folding element 30 has been described in detail above. The shape and structure of the first groove 391 of the optical folding element 30 will be described in detail below with reference to the relevant figures.

[0153] Figure 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 9 at point C.

[0154] As shown in Figures 9 and 17, the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 may include a first groove surface 3911 and a second groove surface 3912 disposed opposite to each other. Both the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be reflective surfaces. The first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be disposed at an included angle. The first groove surface 3911 of one of two adjacent first grooves 391 can be connected to the second groove surface 3912 of the other first groove 391, that is, multiple first grooves 391 can be disposed close to each other. In this case, multiple first grooves 391 can jointly form a sawtooth structure. Exemplarily, the shape, size, and structure of multiple first grooves 391 can be completely identical.

[0155] For example, the included angle β3 formed between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be between 30° and 110°. In this embodiment, the included angle β3 formed between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be 90°, that is, the first groove surface 3911 can be perpendicular to the second groove surface 3912. The first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be completely perpendicular or approximately perpendicular within the allowable range of machining errors. For example, when the included angle β3 formed between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 is between 85° and 95°, it can be considered that the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 are perpendicular.

[0156] For example, the width of the first groove surface 3911 can be a first width D1. The width of the second groove surface 3912 can be a second width D2. Both the first width D1 and the second width D2 can be greater than or equal to 10 micrometers. For example, the first width D1 can be in the range of 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers. In this way, the width of the first groove surface 3911 is relatively moderate. On the one hand, it can avoid the first groove surface 3911 being too small, which would lead to excessive mechanical stress when processing the first groove 391, which is not conducive to processing. At the same time, it can also ensure the surface shape of the first groove surface 3911 when processing the first groove 391, which is conducive to improving processing accuracy. On the other hand, it can avoid the first groove surface 3911 being too large, which would increase the manufacturing cost and be detrimental to reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire optical folding element 30. In some embodiments, the first width D1 can be in the range of 10 micrometers to 500 micrometers.

[0157] In this embodiment, the width of the first groove surface 3911 can be equal to the width of the second groove surface 3912. In this case, the cross-section of the second groove 392 in the XY plane can be approximately an isosceles right triangle.

[0158] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the included angle β3 formed between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 of the first groove 391 can be 90°, and the width of the first groove surface 3911 can be equal to the width of the second groove surface 3912. In this way, stray light from any angle incident on the second surface 32 of the optical folding element 30 can be reflected back to the first surface 31 by one or two reflections from the first groove surface 3911 and / or the second groove surface 3912 of the first groove 391. This effectively prevents stray light from being imaged onto the image sensor 50, thus reducing the impact of stray light and improving the imaging quality of the camera module 100.

[0159] In some embodiments, the connection between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 of the first groove 391 may also have a rounded corner. In this case, the height of the triangle formed by the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 is H1 (as shown in Figure 9). The radius of the rounded corner may be less than or equal to 10% of the height H1 of the triangle formed by the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912. For example, the radius of the rounded corner may be less than or equal to 10 micrometers. In this way, the cross-section of the first groove 391 can be approximately triangular, which can better reflect stray light incident on the first side surface 33 in the direction toward the incident surface 30a, avoiding stray light imaging and helping to ensure imaging quality. For example, the height H1 of the triangle formed by the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 can be the distance between the intersection of the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 and the opening of the second groove 392.

[0160] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 17 in another embodiment, two adjacent second grooves 392 can be spaced apart along their arrangement direction. The distance between two adjacent first grooves 391 can be less than or equal to 10% of the height H1 (as shown in Figure 9) of the triangle formed by the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912. In this case, two adjacent second grooves 392 can still be considered to be arranged adjacent to each other. The connecting surface 394 between two adjacent first grooves 391 can be a plane. Thus, the closer distance between two adjacent first grooves 391 allows more stray light incident on the second surface 32 to be reflected by the groove surface 392a of the second groove 392, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on image quality and improving the user's shooting experience.

[0161] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG19, which is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG17 in another embodiment, the connecting surface 394 between two adjacent first grooves 391 can also be an arc surface. The center of curvature of the arc surface can be located inside the optical folding element 30.

[0162] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG20, FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG19 in another embodiment. The included angle β3 formed between the first groove surface and the second groove surface of the first groove 391 can also be 30°.

[0163] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG21, FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG17 in another embodiment. The plurality of first grooves 391 may also have the same shape but not be exactly the same size. For example, the depth of one of two adjacent first grooves 391 (which in this embodiment is also the height of the triangle containing the first and second groove surfaces) may be less than the depth of the other first groove 391.

[0164] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, FIG22 is a structural schematic diagram of the first groove 391 shown in FIG17 in some embodiments. The first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 of the first groove 391 can both be arc surfaces. The curvature center of the first groove surface 3911 and the curvature center of the second groove surface 3912 can be located on opposite sides of the first groove 391.

[0165] It should be understood that the shape, arrangement, and other features of the first groove 391 can be combined with each other. In addition, the shape, arrangement, and other features of the second groove 392 and the third groove 393 can also be set with reference to the first groove 391, and will not be described in detail here.

[0166] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 in some embodiments. Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of the optical folding element 30 shown in Figure 8 in some embodiments.

[0167] As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the first groove 391, the second groove, and the third groove 393 in the optical folding element 30 can all be fabricated by laser shaping (laser engraving). Taking the processing of the first groove 391 as an example, the wavelength, surface shape, processing depth, and moving speed of the stage carrying the initial prism can be selected according to parameters such as the material of the optical folding element 30 and the size of the first groove 391 to laser engrave the sides of the optical folding element 30 (i.e., the first side 33 and the second side 34 in this embodiment) to form multiple arrayed first grooves 391. Then, light-absorbing ink can be coated on the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391 to form a first light-absorbing layer 395. The first light-absorbing layer 395 can completely cover the groove surface 391a of the first groove 391. It is understood that the first groove 391 in this embodiment is prepared by laser engraving, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy of the first groove 391, making the radius of the rounded corner at the connection between the first groove surface 3911 and the second groove surface 3912 of the first groove 391 smaller, so that the cross-section of the first groove 391 can be approximately triangular, ensuring the shape of the cross-section of the first groove 391 and improving the ability of the first groove 391 to eliminate stray light.

[0168] For example, laser subtraction can be used to fabricate the optical folding element 30 in a face-by-face, groove-by-groove, and layer-by-layer manner for different grooves (including the first groove 391, the second groove, and the third groove 393). Alternatively, beam shaping and parallel beam splitting can be used to improve processing efficiency. The fabrication method of the optical folding element 30 may include, but is not limited to, the following steps S10 to S50:

[0169] S10: Loading the prism to be processed, with the surface of the prism to be processed perpendicular to the laser beam.

[0170] S20: Capture the orientation of the prism to be processed.

[0171] For example, the edge contour of the prism to be processed or the mark on the surface of the prism to be processed can be captured based on the vision module to achieve the attitude capture of the prism to be processed.

[0172] S30: Laser focusing is performed on the surface to be processed.

[0173] For example, laser focusing on the surface to be processed can be achieved based on a CCD (charge coupled device) camera / rangefinder.

[0174] S40: Clean the prism to be processed.

[0175] For example, the prism to be processed can be cleaned by blowing, rinsing, or other methods.

[0176] S50: A groove is formed on the surface to be processed by laser scanning to form an optical folding element.

[0177] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, FIG25 is a flowchart illustrating step S50 of FIG23 in some embodiments. When the prism to be processed has multiple surfaces to be processed, step S50 may further include the following steps S51 to S53:

[0178] S51: Laser scanning of the first surface to be processed.

[0179] S52: Change the second surface to be processed so that it is perpendicular to the laser beam. For example, an automatic tooling switch can be used to change the second surface to be processed to the processing position and make it perpendicular to the laser beam.

[0180] S53: Laser scanning of the second surface to be processed.

[0181] It should be understood that when the prism to be processed includes a third or more surfaces to be processed, the laser scanning of multiple surfaces of the prism to be processed can be completed by repeatedly performing the above steps S52 and S53.

[0182] Figure 26 is a partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 1, cut along line AA, in another embodiment. Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 26 in some embodiments. Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical folding element shown in Figure 27 from another viewpoint.

[0183] As shown in Figures 26 to 28, the structure of the electronic device 1000 in this embodiment is largely the same as that of the electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 2, and the identical parts will not be described again. The following describes some differences between the two. The camera module 400 may include a first image stabilization component 70, a focusing component 80, and a second image stabilization component 90 arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The first image stabilization component 70 may include a first motor 70a and an optical folding element 70b. The optical folding element 70b may be mounted on the first motor 70a. The first motor 70a can drive the optical folding element 70b to move, thereby achieving optical image stabilization (OIS).

[0184] For example, the focusing assembly 80 may include a focusing motor 80a and a lens group 80b. The lens group 80b may be mounted on the focusing motor 80a. The focusing motor 80a can achieve autofocus (AF) by driving the lens group 80b to move along the optical axis. The lens group 80b may include at least one lens.

[0185] Exemplarily, the second image stabilization component 90 may include a second motor 90a and an optical element 90b. The optical element 90b may be mounted on the second motor 90a. The second image stabilization component 90 may also include an image sensor (not shown). The image sensor may be located on the image side of the optical element 90b and mounted on the second motor 90a. The second motor 90a can achieve optical image stabilization by driving the image sensor to move. The optical folding element 70b, lens group 80b, and optical element 90b may together constitute the optical system of the camera module. In other embodiments, the second motor 90a may also achieve optical image stabilization by driving the optical element 90b to move.

[0186] For example, the optical folding element 70b can be a prism. The optical folding element 70b may include a first surface 71, a second surface 72, and a third surface 73 connected end-to-end. The first surface 71 may be perpendicular to the second surface 72. The angle formed between the third surface 73 and the first surface 71 and the second surface 72 may both be less than 90°. In this embodiment, the angle formed between the third surface 73 and the first surface 71 may be 45°. The optical folding element 70b may also include a first side surface 74 and a second side surface 75 disposed opposite to each other. Both the first side surface 74 and the second side surface 75 may be connected to the first surface 71, the second surface 72, and the third surface 73. Both the first side surface 74 and the second side surface 75 may be perpendicular to the first surface 71.

[0187] For example, the incident surface 76 of the optical folding element 70b can be formed on the first surface 71. The exit surface 77 can be formed on the second surface 72. That is, the incident surface 76 and the exit surface 77 can be perpendicular to each other. The optical folding element 70b may also include a reflective surface, for example, a first reflective surface. The first reflective surface can be formed on the third surface 73. In this way, when light enters the interior of the optical folding element 70b through the incident surface 76, it can be reflected by the first reflective surface and exit the optical folding element 70b through the exit surface 77.

[0188] Exemplarily, the optical folding element 70b may further include a plurality of first grooves 78. The plurality of first grooves 78 may be distributed on a first side surface 74 and / or a second side surface 75. In this embodiment, a portion of the plurality of first grooves 78 may be located on the first side surface 74, and another portion may be located on the second side surface 75. The plurality of first grooves 78 located on the first side surface 74 and the plurality of first grooves 78 located on the second side surface 75 may be symmetrical structures. Taking the plurality of first grooves 78 located on the first side surface 74 as an example, the projected area of ​​the plurality of first grooves 78 on the first side surface 74 may be equal to the area of ​​the first side surface 74. That is, the plurality of first grooves 78 located on the first side surface 74 may completely cover the first side surface 74. In other embodiments, the plurality of first grooves 78 may only cover a portion of the first side surface 74.

[0189] For example, the first groove 78 may be elongated. The length extension direction of the first groove 78 may intersect the normal direction of the incident surface 76. In this embodiment, the length extension direction of the first groove 78 may be perpendicular to the normal direction of the incident surface 76.

[0190] For example, the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 can be a reflective surface. For instance, a reflective material can be coated / attached to the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 to enable the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 to reflect light. When light is transmitted to the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78, the light can be reflected by the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78.

[0191] For example, the optical folding element 70b may further include a fourth light-absorbing layer (not shown). The fourth light-absorbing layer may be fixedly connected to the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 and cover at least a portion of the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78. For example, the fourth light-absorbing layer may be formed by coating the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 with light-absorbing ink or by providing a light-absorbing film layer. In this way, when light is transmitted to the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78, at least a portion of the light energy can be absorbed by the fourth light-absorbing layer, thereby reducing the intensity of the light.

[0192] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of stray light propagation in a local area of ​​a typical optical folding element 600. Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of stray light propagation in a local area of ​​the optical folding element 70b shown in Figure 27.

[0193] As shown in Figures 29 and 30, when a user takes a picture, stray light from the external environment (i.e., the second ray in this embodiment) passes through the incident surface and is transmitted to the side of the prism. In a typical optical folding element 600 (as shown in Figure 29), the second ray, transmitted to the first side 601 or the second side 602, is reflected by either side 601 or the second side 602 to the exit surface (not shown), and is then emitted from the exit surface, ultimately forming an image on the image sensor. At this time, stray light interferes with image quality and affects the user's shooting experience.

[0194] In this embodiment, the optical folding element 70b is a prism. By providing multiple first grooves 78 on the first side 74 and / or the second side 75, with the length extension direction of the first grooves 78 intersecting the normal direction of the incident surface 76, stray light incident on the first side 74 or the second side 75 can be reflected by the groove surface 78a of the first grooves 78 in the direction towards the incident surface 76, instead of being transmitted to the exit surface, and ultimately imaged on the image sensor. That is, the optical folding element 70b in this embodiment can effectively reduce the impact of stray light on image quality and improve the user's shooting experience.

[0195] Secondly, in this embodiment, the length extension direction of the first groove 78 can be perpendicular to the normal direction of the incident surface 76. In this way, the first groove 78 can better eliminate stray light transmitted to the side of the optical folding element 70b, which is beneficial to improving the imaging quality.

[0196] Furthermore, the optical folding element 70b in this embodiment may also include a light-absorbing layer. The light-absorbing layer may be disposed on the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78. Thus, when stray light strikes the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78, at least a portion of the stray light's energy can be absorbed by the light-absorbing layer, effectively reducing the energy of the stray light and minimizing its impact on image quality, thereby improving the user's shooting experience. Simultaneously, the length extension direction of the first groove 78 is perpendicular to the normal direction of the incident surface 76, resulting in a smaller angle of incidence between the stray light transmitted to the first groove 78 and the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78. This allows most of the stray light's energy to be absorbed by the light-absorbing layer, effectively eliminating the impact of stray light on image quality.

[0197] For example, the groove surface 78a of the first groove 78 may include a first groove surface 781 and a second groove surface 782 disposed opposite to each other. It should be understood that the shape, arrangement and other features of the first groove 78 of the optical folding element 70b in this embodiment can also be set with reference to the first groove 391 of the optical folding element 30 shown in FIG8, and will not be described again here.

[0198] In some embodiments, the camera module 100 may not include the first motor 70a. In this case, the optical folding element 70b may be fixed to the light-receiving side of the focusing assembly 80.

[0199] In some embodiments, the optical element 90b of the second image stabilization component 90 may also be a prism. The structure of the optical element 90b may be substantially the same as that of the optical folding element 70b. For example, the side of the optical element 90b may also have multiple grooves to eliminate reflected stray light. Exemplarily, the length extension direction of the groove of the optical element 90b may also be perpendicular to the incident surface of the optical element 90b. In this case, the length extension direction of the groove of the optical element 90b may be perpendicular to the length extension direction of the first groove 78.

[0200] In other embodiments, the optical folding element 70b of the first image stabilization assembly 70 may not include the first groove 78. The side of the optical element 90b of the second image stabilization assembly 90 may be provided with multiple grooves to eliminate stray light from the camera module 400.

[0201] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0202] It should be noted that all the above figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application.

[0203] The above are merely some embodiments of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical folding element (30), characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) includes a first surface (31), a second surface (32), a first side surface (33), and a second side surface (34). The first surface (31) and the second surface (32) are disposed opposite to each other, and the first side surface (33) and the second side surface (34) are disposed opposite to each other and are connected between the first surface (31) and the second surface (32). The optical folding element (30) has an incident surface (30a) and an exit surface (30b). The incident surface (30a) is located on the first surface (31), and the exit surface (30b) is located on either the first surface (31) or the second surface (32). The optical folding element (30) further includes a plurality of first grooves (391), which are distributed on the first side surface (33) and / or the second side surface (34). The length extension direction of the projection of the first groove (391) on the first plane (M) is set at an angle to the normal direction (Z) of the incident surface (30a). The first plane (M) is perpendicular to the first direction (Y), which is the direction from the first side surface (33) to the second side surface (34). The first ray enters the optical folding element (30) through the incident surface (30a), undergoes multiple reflections inside the optical folding element (30), and exits through the exit surface (30b). The second ray enters the optical folding element (30) through the incident surface (30a) and is reflected in the direction toward the incident surface (30a) under the action of the groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391).

2. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle (β1) formed between the length extension direction of the projection of the first groove (391) onto the first plane (M) and the normal direction (Z) of the incident surface (30a) is less than or equal to 50°.

3. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle (β1) formed between the length extension direction of the projection of the first groove (391) onto the first plane (M) and the normal direction (Z) of the incident surface (30a) is less than or equal to 15°.

4. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) further includes a first reflecting surface (371), which is located between the first surface (31) and the second surface (32) and on the same side of the first side surface (33) and the second side surface (34). The first reflecting surface (371) is positioned closer to the incident surface (30a) than the exit surface (30b). The angle (β2) formed between the projection of the first groove (391) onto the first plane (M) and the first surface (31) is greater than 90°, and the opening of the angle (β2) faces the first reflective surface (371).

5. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of the optical folding element (30) is greater than or equal to 1.

7.

6. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) is made of heavy lanthanum flint glass or heavy crown glass.

7. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first side surface (33) is set at an angle to the first surface (31), and the distance between the first side surface (33) and the second side surface (34) increases in the direction closer to the second surface (32).

8. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The angle (α1) formed between the first side surface (33) and the first surface (31) is between 100° and 130°.

9. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The angle (α2) formed between the first reflecting surface (371) and the incident surface (30a) is between 20° and 40°.

10. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) also includes a plurality of second grooves (392), the openings of which are formed on the second surface (32).

11. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The length extension direction of the second groove (392) is set at an angle to the first direction (Y).

12. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The angle formed between the length extension direction of the second groove (392) and the first direction (Y) is less than or equal to 10°.

13. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) further includes a second reflective surface (372), which is located between the first surface (31) and the second surface (32), and is located on the side of the first side surface (33) facing away from the first reflective surface (371); The optical folding element (30) further includes a light-blocking layer (38), which is located between the first reflective surface (371) and the second reflective surface (372). The light-blocking layer (38) is fixedly connected to the second surface (32) and is spaced apart from the first surface (31). A light-transmitting area (30c) is formed between the light-blocking layer (38) and the first surface (31).

14. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) further includes a light-blocking groove (381), the opening of which is formed on the second surface (32), the groove surface (382) of which is capable of reflecting light, and the groove surface (382) of which constitutes the light-blocking layer (38). The light-blocking groove (381) has a groove surface (382) including a first groove side surface (3821) and a second groove side surface (3822) disposed opposite to each other, and a groove top surface (3823) connected between the first groove side surface (3821) and the second groove side surface (3822), the groove top surface (3823) being arc-shaped; Alternatively, the top surface of the groove (3823) includes a first top surface (3831) and a second top surface (3832) arranged at an angle, wherein the angle (α3) between the first top surface (3831) and the second top surface (3832) is in the range of 20° to 120°.

15. The optical folding element (30) according to claim 14, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) also includes a plurality of third grooves (393), the openings of which are formed on the top surface (3823) of the grooves.

16. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391) includes a first groove surface (3911) and a second groove surface (3912) disposed opposite to each other, and the included angle (β3) formed between the first groove surface (3911) and the second groove surface (3912) is in the range of 30° to 110°.

17. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391) includes a first groove surface (3911) and a second groove surface (3912) disposed opposite to each other, wherein the width of the first groove surface (3911) is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers; Alternatively, the width of the first groove surface (3911) is between 10 micrometers and 100 micrometers.

18. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391) includes a first groove surface (3911) and a second groove surface (3912) disposed opposite to each other, and the first groove surface (3911) is connected to the second groove surface (3912); Alternatively, a rounded corner is formed at the connection between the first groove surface (3911) and the second groove surface (3912), and the radius of the rounded corner is less than or equal to 10% of the height (H1) of the triangle containing the first groove surface (3911) and the second groove surface (3912); Alternatively, a rounded corner may be formed at the connection between the first groove surface (3911) and the second groove surface (3912), and the radius of the rounded corner may be less than or equal to 10 micrometers.

19. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391) includes a first groove surface (3911) and a second groove surface (3912) arranged opposite to each other. Both the first groove surface (3911) and the second groove surface (3912) are arc surfaces. The curvature center of the first groove surface (3911) and the curvature center of the second groove surface (3912) are located on opposite sides of the first groove (391).

20. The optical folding element (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optical folding element (30) further includes a first light-absorbing layer, which is fixed in the first groove (391) and covers at least a portion of the groove surface (391a) of the first groove (391).

21. An optical folding element (70b), characterized in that, The optical folding element (70b) includes a first surface (71), a second surface (72), and a third surface (73) connected end to end in sequence. The first surface (71) is perpendicular to the second surface (72). The optical folding element (70b) has an incident surface (76) and an exit surface (77). The incident surface (76) is located on the first surface (71), and the exit surface (77) is located on the second surface (72). The optical folding element (70b) further includes a first side (74) and a second side (75), both of which are connected to the first surface (71), the second surface (72) and the third surface (73). The first side (74) and the second side (75) are located on opposite sides of the first surface (71). The optical folding element (70b) further includes a plurality of first grooves (78), which are distributed on the first side (74) and / or the second side (75); The first ray enters the optical folding element (70b) through the incident surface (76), is reflected inside the optical folding element (70b), and is emitted from the exit surface (77). The second ray enters the optical folding element (70b) through the incident surface (76) and is reflected in the direction toward the incident surface (76) under the action of the groove surface (78a) of the first groove (78).

22. The optical folding element (70b) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The length extension direction of the first groove (78) intersects the normal direction (Z) of the incident surface (76).

23. The optical folding element (70b) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The length extension direction of the first groove (78) is perpendicular to the normal direction (Z) of the incident surface (76).

24. The optical folding element (70b) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The refractive index of the optical folding element (70b) is greater than or equal to 1.

7.

25. The optical folding element (70b) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The optical folding element (70b) is made of heavy lanthanum flint glass or heavy crown glass.

26. The optical folding element (70b) according to any one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that, The groove surface (78a) of the first groove (78) includes a first groove surface (781) and a second groove surface (782) disposed opposite to each other, and the included angle formed between the first groove surface (781) and the second groove surface (782) is in the range of 30° to 110°.

27. The optical folding element (70b) according to any one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that, The groove surface (78a) of the first groove (78) includes a first groove surface (781) and a second groove surface (782) disposed opposite to each other, wherein the width of the first groove surface (781) is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers; Alternatively, the width of the first groove surface (781) is between 10 micrometers and 100 micrometers.

28. The optical folding element (70b) according to any one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that, The groove surface (78a) of the first groove (78) includes a first groove surface (781) and a second groove surface (782) disposed opposite to each other. Both the first groove surface (781) and the second groove surface (782) are arc surfaces. The curvature center of the first groove surface (781) and the curvature center of the second groove surface (782) are located on opposite sides of the first groove (391).

29. A camera module (100), characterized in that, It includes an image sensor (50) and an optical folding element (30, 70b) according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the image sensor (50) is located on the image side of the optical folding element (30, 70b).

30. An electronic device (1000), characterized in that, The device includes a housing (200) and a camera module (100) as described in claim 29, wherein the camera module (100) is disposed in the housing (200).

Images