Method and apparatus for dynamic TDD system
By employing energy saving patterns and SBFD techniques, TDD systems improve spectrum efficiency and reduce latency through dynamic resource allocation and interference management, addressing the challenges of complex configurations and inflexible resource usage.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Current TDD systems face challenges such as increased complexity due to dynamic TDD configurations, semi-static resource allocation leading to inflexible resource usage, and inefficient interference management, particularly in multi-TRP scenarios, which affect spectrum efficiency and latency.
Implementing methods for opportunistic resource occupancy based on energy saving patterns of neighboring cells, allowing for dynamic adjustments in UL and DL resource usage, and utilizing SBFD to mitigate interference, while enabling flexible spectrum sharing between Uu and SL communications.
Enhances spectrum efficiency and reduces latency by optimizing resource utilization and interference management, supporting dynamic traffic patterns and reducing network complexity.
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Figure CN2025086596_30072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DYNAMIC TDD SYSTEMCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 749, 856 filed on January 27, 2025, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The application relates generally to wireless communications, and more specifically to a method and apparatus for dynamic time division multiplexing (TDD) system.BACKGROUND
[0003] In cellular wireless communication system between network and UE, also called Uu link, a pair of spectrums can be used, one for downlink (DL) communication between network and UE, for example, the transmission from a base station (e.g., gNB) to the UE, the other is for uplink (UL) communication between network and UE, for example, the transmission from UE to gNB. This is referred to as frequency division multiplexing (FDD) . FDD can avoid collision between DL and UL transmission and the transmitter and receiver are tuned to fixed spectrum respectively. However, it requires pair of spectrums which may not be always available. Also, spectrum is considered precious resources in communication and the cost of the paired spectrum could be quite high. Alternatively, time division multiplexing (TDD) can be used in which DL and UL transmissions shares the same spectrum but are divided in time to avoid the collision, for example, DL signal could be transmitted from gNB to UE in one duration of time, and UL transmission from UE to gNB can be transmitted in another duration of time. The resources used for DL and UL transmission do not overlap in time. The advantage of TDD is that it does not require a pair of spectrums and thus is more flexible and cost effective in deployment. However, it needs to switch between DL and UL transmission / reception in time which can add more requirement / expense on hardware.SUMMARY
[0004] One or more implementations of the present application provide communication methods, communication apparatuses and communication systems. The techniques described in the application can improve the performance of a TDD system.
[0005] According to a first aspect, a method is provided. The method includes receiving information of a neighboring cell, where the information includes indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell. The method further includes performing channel measurement based on the information of the neighboring cell.
[0006] By using the energy saving pattern of a neighboring cell, interference measurement in multiple-TRP scenarios can be performed for controlled opportunistic resource occupancy, which enables an opportunistic UL resource to be used for UL transmission over a DL configured resource, or an opportunistic DL resource to be used for DL transmission over a UL configured resource, thus spectrum resource could be utilized more efficiently and be more suitable for dynamic traffic pattern.
[0007] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes transmitting a request for the information of the neighboring cell, where the information of the neighboring cell is received in response to the request for the information of the neighboring cell.
[0008] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the request includes at least one type of the requested information of the neighboring cell.
[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the receiving information of the neighboring cell further includes receiving additional information of the neighboring cell.
[0010] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates at least one sleep period in the energy saving pattern.
[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates at least one of frequency domain allocation, frequency domain scheduling granularity, spatial domain granularity, or spatial domain beam direction.
[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more areas in the neighboring cell.
[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more beam directions in the neighboring cell.
[0014] According to a second aspect, a method is provided. The method includes transmitting information of a cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.
[0015] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes receiving a request for the information of the cell, where the information of the cell is transmitted in response to the request for the information of the cell.
[0016] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the request includes at least one type of the requested information of the cell.
[0017] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the transmitting information of the cell further includes transmitting additional information of the cell.
[0018] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates at least one sleep period in the energy saving pattern.
[0019] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates at least one of frequency domain allocation, frequency domain scheduling granularity, spatial domain granularity, or spatial domain beam direction.
[0020] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more areas in the cell.
[0021] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations, the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more beam directions in the cell.
[0022] According to a third aspect, a method is provided. The method includes receiving a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The method further includes transmitting a measurement report comprising a measurement result, where the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.
[0023] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations, the dynamic indication is received via downlink control information (DCI) or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0024] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations, the measurement result is obtained according to a frequency domain resource assignment.
[0025] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations, the dynamic indication includes a bitmap or an index indicating the at least one sleep period.
[0026] With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations, wherein the method further includes receiving additional measurement configuration, where the additional measurement configuration includes at least one of a measurement report information type or a measurement filtering parameter.
[0027] According to a fourth aspect, a method is provided. The method includes transmitting a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The method further includes receiving a measurement report that includes a measurement result, where the measurement result is related to the at least one sleep period. In other word, the measurement result is obtained by a measuring device (for example, a UE) according to the at least one sleep period.
[0028] With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the dynamic indication is transmitted via downlink control information (DCI) or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0029] With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the measurement result is related to a frequency domain resource assignment. In other word, the measurement result is obtained by a measuring device (for example, a UE) according to the frequency domain resource assignment, i.e., measuring on the frequency resource carried in the frequency domain resource assignment.
[0030] With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the dynamic indication comprises a bitmap or an index indicating the at least one sleep period.
[0031] With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations, the method further includes transmitting additional measurement configuration, where the additional measurement configuration includes at least one of a measurement report information type or a measurement filtering parameter.
[0032] According to a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect, the third aspect or one or more implementations of the third aspect, or the fourth aspect or one or more implementations of the fourth aspect.
[0033] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes a receiving unit configured receive information of a neighboring cell, where the information includes indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell. The communication apparatus includes a measurement unit configured to perform channel measurement based on the information of the neighboring cell.
[0034] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes a transmitting unit configured to transmit information of a cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.
[0035] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes a receiving unit configured receive a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The communication apparatus includes a transmitting unit configured to transmit a measurement report that includes a measurement result, where the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.
[0036] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes a transmitting unit configured to transmit a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The communication apparatus includes a receiving unit configured to receive a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.
[0037] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes an interface circuit configured to receive information of a neighboring cell, where the information includes indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell.
[0038] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes an interface circuit configured to transmit information of a cell, where the information includes indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.
[0039] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes an interface circuit configured to receive a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The interface circuit is further configured to transmit a measurement report that includes a measurement result, where the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.
[0040] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the communication apparatus includes an interface circuit configured to transmit a dynamic indication, where the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The interface circuit is further configured to receive a measurement report that includes a measurement result, where the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.
[0041] With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations, the interface circuit includes one or more transceivers.
[0042] According to a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes one or more processors and one or more memories. The one or more memories store instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, the method according to the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect, the method according to the third aspect or one or more implementations of the third aspect, or the method according to the fourth aspect or one or more implementations of the fourth aspect.
[0043] According to a seventh aspect, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method according to (1) the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect or (2) the fourth aspect or one or more implementations of the fourth aspect. The communication system further includes at least one of a second communication apparatus and a third communication apparatus, where the second communication apparatus is configured to perform the method according to the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect, and the third communication apparatus is configured to perform the method according to the third aspect or one or more implementations of the third aspect.
[0044] According to an eighth aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, the method according to the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect, the method according to the third aspect or one or more implementations of the third aspect, or the method according to the fourth aspect or one or more implementations of the fourth aspect.
[0045] According to a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product stores instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect or one or more implementations of the first aspect, the method according to the second aspect or one or more implementations of the second aspect, the method according to the third aspect or one or more implementations of the third aspect, or the method according to the fourth aspect or one or more implementations of the fourth aspect.
[0046] The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter of this present disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0047] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic illustration of an example communication system.
[0048] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system.
[0049] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an apparatus wirelessly communicating with another apparatus in a communication system.
[0050] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus.
[0051] FIG. 5 illustrates another example apparatus.
[0052] FIG. 6 illustrates an example scenario for multiple transmit and receive points (TRPs) .
[0053] FIG. 7A illustrates an example process of information exchange between a serving TRP and a neighboring TRP.
[0054] FIG. 7B illustrates an example of an energy saving pattern.
[0055] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of operations performed in FIG. 7A.
[0056] FIG. 9 illustrates an example scenario for multiple TRPs and user equipment (UE) .
[0057] FIG. 10 illustrates an example process of information exchange between a serving TRP and a UE.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0058] The TDD technique is first specified in 4G LTE with more unified configuration across cells. For example, the same TDD configuration can be applied to all cells. Thus, DL and UL transmission in different cells are aligned in time, and avoid interference between them. In 5G NR, to satisfy different traffic needs among cells in a dynamic way, dynamic TDD is introduced which can apply different TDD configuration to different cells. That however leads to issues of cross-link interference (CLI) . This is because if different TDD configurations are used for different neighboring cells, the DL and UL transmissions among neighboring cells will not be aligned in time, the DL / UL transmissions in one cell could cause interference to UL / DL in other cells. For example, if in one cell, when a UE receives DL signal on configured DL resources of one TDD configuration, the signal could be interfered by a UL signal from a nearby UE in neighboring cell on a configured UL resource of another TDD configuration. In another example, if in one cell, when the network receives UL signal on configured UL resources of one TDD configuration, the signal could be interfered by a DL signal from a neighboring cell on a configured DL resource of another TDD configuration. To solve or mitigate such issues, efforts were devoted in study and specification. However, the outcome is not that convincing and therefore, impacts TDD performance and deployment.
[0059] To further improve the spectrum efficiency, full duplex (FD) techniques can be used which supports simultaneously transmit / receive on the same spectrum. The main challenge to face in FD is to resolve / mitigate self-interference (SI) . For example, the DL signal transmitted from a network node could cause self-interference to UL signal received at the same network node, as both DL / UL share the same spectrum and both DL / UL transmission occur at the same time. The same situation could affect UE side as well. In 5G NR, full duplexing (FD) techniques was studied and specified with focus on subband (SB) full duplex (SBFD) , which is to transmit DL signal on one subband while receive UL signal on another subband at the same time. SBFD provides a way to mitigate self-interference as even though DL / UL transmissions share the same spectrum and occur simultaneously, the DL and UL signals are actually transmitted on separate (or partially separate) parts (e.g., SB) of the same spectrum. Compared with FD, the SBFD may not cause strong self-interference and could be used as the start point to promote FD technique in future wireless communication to improve spectrum efficiency.
[0060] The dynamic TDD and SBFD could satisfy the needs in different situation / scenarios and therefore improve the system performance and spectrum efficiency accordingly. However, to support them, different configurations need to be signaled and implemented, either to split DL and UL in time to support TDD, or to further split DL and UL in both time / frequency to support SBFD. That could make both the network and UE implementation more complex.
[0061] The other issue is that, for either regular TDD / dynamic TDD / SBFD techniques, the resource for DL and UL are all semi-static configured ahead of time and used for transmission on a particular link. The configuration is sent to UE so both network and UE have the same understanding. A DL resource cannot be used for UL transmission and vice versa until / unless the configuration is changed / updated. In such situation, there exits lack of flexibility in resource usage and waste of resource. For example, for configured DL resource, if there is no DL traffic, the resource will be wasted, On the other hand, if there is UL traffic needs to be transmitted, it has to wait till next available UL resource configured, which could result in longer latency. The same dilemma could happen for configured UL resource.
[0062] In addition to communication on Uu link between network and UE, sidelink (SL) communication is introduced in 5G NR, first for V2X communication between vehicle and other vehicles or devices and later for relay between UE (s) . It is more like network controlled device to device (D2D) communication. The spectrum of SL and Uu link could be shared or separated. If SL could share spectrum with Uu, more flexibility could be provided. In this case, there could be a need to change the resource allocated for Uu link (DL or UL) to SL in a dynamic manner.
[0063] Given the above analysis, it can be noticed that, in prior or current state of arts, some issues exist. For example, (1) more configurations may need to be supported for different features such as dynamic TDD and SBFD; (2) the semi-static configured DL / UL resources for TDD / SBFD may not be changed / updated in more a dynamic manner in order to adapt to more dynamic traffic needs (directions and volume) ; (3) the interference measurement / coordination may not be achieved more effectively / dynamically; and (4) there could be a need to accommodate SL resources in order to share spectrum between Uu and SL.
[0064] In future wireless communications networks, new requirement / techniques are emerging, for example, energy saving attracts interests from many parties including operators, UE and network vendors. For network energy saving, the TRP could be turned on / off to save network power. Other emerging techniques are focused on unifying different designs / configuration in the past to reduce the complexity and improve the efficiency. For example, Uni-carrier can be used to accommodate a wide range of carriers (TDD / FDD / FD) configured separately in the past. Uni-duplex can be used to accommodate a wide range of duplexing techniques (SBFD / FD / Virtual component carrier (CC) ) developed separately in the past. UC-CF converts a system into a more UE-centric cell free system where many operations could be transparent for the UE. In one-shot data burst techniques, less time-sensitive data could be accumulated and transmitted in a burst together when channel condition is good, that could provide more time for network / UE to sleep and could also avoid the lengthy state transition time. All the efforts are to accommodate more techniques but yet to make it simpler and easy to use, at the same time consume less power.
[0065] With the emerging new technique, it can be seen that the system / network may have more information about the environment such as data, interference, power on / off of network nodes and UE and therefore, could do a better job in coordinating them to overcome the issues mentioned in dynamic TDD and improve the performance.
[0066] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic illustration of an example communication system, according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A communication system 100 includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and code division multiple access (CDMA) for 2G, universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) based on wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) and CDMA2000 for 3G, long-term evolution (LTE) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G, and new radio (NR) for 5G. In some implementations, the RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication EDs 110 (also referred to as “user equipment” ) are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and consists of network nodes (e.g., 170a, 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the evolved packet core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the evolved packet system (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G Core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G System (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different 3GPP and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0067] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0068] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility and the like.
[0069] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0070] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100, according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a and120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively. Examples of network nodes 170a, 170b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . In this context, the terms "TRP" and "base station" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. For simplicity, this disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0071] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, as in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include, but is not limited to, an airborne platform (such as a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (such as quadcopter) , and other types of aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms are yet another example of non-terrestrial base stations, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0072] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. The at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device. Additionally, there may be an NTN gateway on the ground (referred to as a terrestrial network device) that also functions as a transport layer device facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located within the same device.
[0073] A base station 170 (also referred to as a TRP as stated above) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the ED (such as a user equipment) . In different implementations, the base station 170 may also be known as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, and a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof. When the base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
[0074] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or a “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cell (s) . A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a cell identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A cell can work in either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. Some implementations may include pico or femto cells if supported by the radio access technology. In some implementations, one or more transceivers could be used for each cell, such as with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a-120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs may be contemplated when designing the communication system 100.
[0075] A base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinates to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may be known by different names, but their functions are understood by person skilled in the art. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0076] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device / apparatus) or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "sending (or transmitting) information to. . . (an ED or a base station) " in this disclosure may be understood as a destination endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including, sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, phrases like "receiving information from. . . (an ED or a base station) " may be understood as a source endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint, necessary processing such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. A similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without reiterating details already described. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.
[0077] The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, and other entities. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, but not limited to, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality, metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, and autonomous delivery and mobility.
[0078] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to as, but not limited to) a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to by other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0079] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of:connection availability and connection necessity.
[0080] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0081] An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) . For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
[0082] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the EDs 110a, 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or more NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0083] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , code division multiple access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) , pattern division multiple access (PDMA) , lattice partition multiple access (LPMA) , resource spread multiple access (RSMA) , and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) .
[0084] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and / or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. For example, the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a new radio (NR) protocol, and the like. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and / or to the Internet 150. The PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0085] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
[0086] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e.g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172. Although only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 are shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or number of apparatus 320 can vary, for example, including one or more of each. For example, a single ED 110 may be served by a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) , or by multiple T-TRPs 170 (or multiple NT-TRPs 172) . Similarly, a single ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRPs 170 and one or more NT-TRPs 172. Similarly, a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) may serve one or more EDs 110.
[0087] The apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204. A transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0088] The memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
[0089] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications. Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
[0090] The processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and / or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource. Specifically, the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the implementation, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, for example, using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0091] Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
[0092] The processor 210, along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
[0093] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) . The apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258. The apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253. Only a single transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, however the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In the present disclosure, in some implementations, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0094] In some implementations, various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) . These modules, which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the common public radio interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
[0095] The processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing. In the apparatus 320, the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260. In some implementations, the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
[0096] The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
[0097] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and / or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 and the memory 258 may be implemented as part of the processor 260.
[0098] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
[0099] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
[0100] Note that the term “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a, 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. The higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0101] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried within a single message, or may be carried in multiple separate messages.
[0102] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410, according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. For example, the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within the ED 110, or within the apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within one of the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172, or the apparatus 320.
[0103] In an example, the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412. The apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method embodiments disclosed herein. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors 411. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality of times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method embodiments disclosed herein. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with another apparatus or system, such as a radio frequency processing apparatus or another processor. The signal may include or carry information intended as a payload, such as user data, control information, etc. The signal may also include or carry information useful to a receiver, but not necessarily as a payload, such as a pilot signal or reference signal. Communicating the signal may include transmitting the signal to another component or device. Communicating the signal may additionally or alternatively include receiving the signal from another component or device. Transmitting the signal may include outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit 412. Receiving the signal may include inputting or obtaining the signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit 412. Optionally, to reduce a load of the one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0104] The apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios. The apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, an SoC chip or a SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0105] FIG. 5 illustrates another example apparatus 510, according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or implementations described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513. Optionally, the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0106] The apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 210. The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
[0107] The apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) . The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
[0108] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 510 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0109] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, such as a modem chip, a system on chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip that includes a modem core -a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
[0110] It may be understood that the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities. In addition, the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
[0111] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
[0112] In an example, the storage unit 511 may include a random-access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0113] A processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core. The processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
[0114] Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magneto-resistive random access memory (magneto-resistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like. In an example, computer program instructions used to execute embodiments may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When a terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
[0115] The TDD is first specified in 4G LTE with more unified configuration across cells. For example, the same TDD configuration can be applied to all cells. In 5G NR, to satisfy different traffic needs among cells in a dynamic way, dynamic TDD is introduced which can apply different TDD configuration to different cells. In 5G NR, full duplexing (FD) techniques was studied and specified with focus on subband full duplex (SBFD) , which is to transmit DL signal on one subband while receive UL signal on another subband at the same time.
[0116] The above mentioned methods may have several drawbacks. For example, (1) more configurations may need to be supported for different features such as dynamic TDD and SBFD; (2) the semi-static configured DL / UL resources for TDD / SBFD may not be changed / updated in a more dynamic manner in order to adapt to more dynamic traffic needs (directions and volume) ; and (3) there could be a need to accommodate SL resources in order to share spectrum between Uu and SL.
[0117] In some implementations, data scheduling is per cell. Joint transmission can generally be designed to cell edge UE, not all UE. Inter-cell interference can be measured by dedicated resource, where muting serving cell transmission can lead to neighboring cell interference. However, in some cases, (1) neighboring cell scheduling is dynamic, and consequently the short-term interference is not good reference to serving cell scheduling in the future; and (2) only the same TDD or SBFD configuration is assumed among different cells, and the configuration of neighboring cell scheduling is not considered.
[0118] Accordingly, a method is provided in this disclosure. The method includes signaling design aspects for controlled opportunistic dynamic TDD in multiple-TRP scenarios including: (1) different signaling aspects for controlled opportunistic resource occupancy, considering interference measurement in multiple-TRP scenarios; and (2) signal design detail for coordination of multiple-TRP scenarios in controlled opportunistic dynamic TDD.
[0119] In 5G NR, dynamic TDD is introduced with the intention of flexibly exploiting the DL / UL resource to satisfy varying traffic needs. The TDD configuration could be configured more specifically for each cell and could be updated over time.
[0120] In some implementations, dynamic TDD structure is semi-statically configured which includes both DL and UL resources for DL and UL transmission respectively. The TDD configuration could be more gNB / cell specific and could vary across different gNB / cells to better satisfy various traffic needs (DL or UL) in different gNB / cell. The DL is transmitted using DL resources and UL traffic is transmitted using UL resource. The TDD configuration is known to both gNB and UE as aligned understanding and therefore, a UE is not expecting a DL transmission on UL resources configured, while a gNB is not expecting a UL transmission on configured DL resources.
[0121] In some implementations, to cope with more dynamic traffic pattern and fully utilize the precious spectrum resource, an opportunistic dynamical TDD scheme could be used. For example, an opportunistic UL resource can be indicated and used for UL transmission over a DL configured resource, or an opportunistic DL resource can be indicated and used for DL transmission over a UL configured resource. In other words, the configured DL or UL resource in a TDD configuration could be dynamically overwritten or opportunistically allocated and used for traffic transmission for other directions or links. In some cases, the opportunistic dynamical TDD scheme can be denoted as opportunistic resource allocation / occupancy.
[0122] In some implementations, the opportunistic resource allocation / occupancy could be applied for different scenarios using different manners, which would be described in the following. It should be noted that the opportunistic resource illustrated is just general illustration. The opportunistic resource can be for different purposes. In some cases, it can be used for transmission in other links (e.g., DL / UL / SL or non-3GPP links) and can be used for transmission of data / traffic or control signaling including UCI or SCI. In some cases, it can be used for muting purpose or reserved for other purposes such as supporting legacy UE or other types of services such as URLLC or eMBB, or new services such as AI and / or sensing etc.
[0123] This disclosure provides techniques for the multiple-TRP scenarios to enable controlled opportunistic technology for coordination and interference management during multiple-TRP deployment.
[0124] In some implementations, a serving TRP can collect information from neighboring cells. The serving TRP and neighboring TRPs can be in a coordinated region, where scheduling information can be exchanged in a timely manner. In some cases, the serving TRP can obtain the scheduling information of the neighboring TRPs timely.
[0125] FIG. 6 illustrates an example scenario for multiple TRPs. FIG. 7A illustrates an example process of information exchange between a serving TRP and a neighboring TRP. In some implementations, an example of serving TRP 710 in FIG. 7A is TRP1 or TRP3 in FIG. 6, and an example of neighboring TRP 720 in FIG. 7A is TRP2 in FIG. 6.
[0126] As shown in FIG. 7A, at 702 (also referred to as step 1) , serving TRP (or cell) 710 requests information of a neighboring TRP (or cell) 720, for example, dynamic TDD related information, from the neighboring cell 720. In some implementations, the requested information can have one or more information types (also referred to as at least one type of the requested information) , for example, basic scheduling information and / or interference prediction information of neighboring cell 720. In some implementations, the basic scheduling information and / or interference prediction information can be semi-static or dynamic or both (e.g., semi-statically configured with dynamic overwrite) .
[0127] In some implementations, the basic scheduling information can include time domain TRP sleep pattern, energy saving pattern, TDD-UL / DL configuration or slot format. In some cases, the sleep time pattern unit can have M symbols*N slots, M symbols, or N slots, where M is equal to or larger than 1, and N is equal to or larger than 1. In this disclosure, the time domain TRP sleep pattern, the sleep time pattern, the sleep pattern, can be used interchangeable if no special statement is used.
[0128] In this disclosure, in some implementations, the energy saving pattern may include units (i.e., sleep time patten units, also called power saving pattern units) , wherein each unit corresponds to a sleep pattern of a sleep period.
[0129] For example, a 7-bit string for 7 sleep time pattern units is 1101100, where 0 represents a sleep mode of neighboring cell 720, and 1 represents an active mode of neighboring cell 720. In this example, the energy saving patten includes 7 units. When all the 7 bits are set to 0, it means 7 sleep periods are included in the energy saving patten, and when all the 7 bits are set to 1, it means 0 sleep period is included in the energy saving patten.
[0130] In a second example, an index can be used for the sleep pattern, for example, if each sleep time pattern unit has 14 symbols, an example of index 1 can indicate DDFFSSSUUUSSSS, where S is sleep symbol, F is flexible symbol, U is uplink symbol, and D is downlink symbol. Similarly, index 1 can indicate DDDFFSSSUUUSSS for a 14-symbol sleep time pattern unit. In some implementations, the second example could be used together with the first example above, for example, for the third bit in the 7-bit string which is set to 0, the indicated 14 symbols (the third unit) follows the pattern indicated by index 1.
[0131] FIG. 7B illustrates an example of an energy saving pattern 730. In FIG. 7B, an energy saving pattern 730 includes 7 units, each unit corresponds to a bit, and each unit includes 14 symbols. In this example, the energy saving pattern 730 can be represented by a 7-bit string. When a bit corresponding to a unit (e.g., the third, sixth and seventh bit) is set to 0, it means the corresponding unit is in sleep mode (or called a sleep period) , further an index (e.g., 1 for the first sleep period 732 and the second period 734, 2 for the third period 736) indicates the sleep pattern within the unit.
[0132] In a third example, bit states can be used for the sleep pattern, for example, if each sleep time pattern unit has 10 slots, an example of index 1 can indicate DFFFSSSSUU for a 10-slot sleep time pattern unit, and index 2 can indicate DDFFSSSUUU, where S is sleep slot, F is flexible slot, U is uplink slot, and D is downlink slot. In some implementations, the third example could be used together with the first example above, for example, for the third bit in the 7-bit string which is set to 0, the indicated 10 slots (the third unit) follows the pattern indicated by index 1.
[0133] In some implementations, a sleep time pattern unit is a sleep period, the basic scheduling information can include at least one sleep period in the energy saving pattern, and / or details of the energy saving pattern, for example, unit (e.g., symbol, slot) information indicating bitmap for symbol or bitmap for slot of a sleep period. In some implementations, a flexible symbol (e.g., the symbol F described previously) may be referred to as a special symbol. In some implementations, a flexible slot (or a slot including one or more flexible symbols) may be referred to as a special slot.
[0134] In some implementations, the energy saving pattern is a periodically pattern. For example, the energy saving pattern shown in FIG. 7B may be periodically repeated.
[0135] In some implementations, the energy saving pattern is indicated with a start time and length, and it repeats periodically during the indicated time duration.
[0136] In some implementations, the basic scheduling information can include frequency domain allocation, e.g., subband full duplex (SBFD) . For example, for resource block (RB) allocation indication for SBFD, the RB allocation can be RB index, or resource block group (RBG) size and RBG index. In some cases, the basic scheduling information can indicate whether some RBs are used in SBFD mode, which can be used for UL or DL.
[0137] In some implementations, the basic scheduling information can include frequency domain scheduling granularity. Examples of RBG size can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 20. In some cases, the serving TRP 710 can set measurement granularity based on neighboring cell 720’s frequency domain scheduling granularity.
[0138] In some implementations, the basic scheduling information can include spatial domain granularity, for example, precoding matrix index (PMI) granularity. Examples of PMI bundling size can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 20.
[0139] In some implementations, the basic scheduling information can include spatial domain beam direction, including (1) SSB pattern (cell specific) , which can include beam direction and / or periodic information; or (2) channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) pattern (UE-specific or area-specific) , which can include beam direction, UE allocation, area allocation information and / or periodic information.
[0140] In some implementations, the interference prediction information can include configured measurement window pattern, which can include (1) measurement starting time such as symbol index X in slot index Y, or by default the first symbol of slot index Y; or (2) measurement duration length, where the unit of duration length can be symbol, slot, or frame.
[0141] In some implementations, the interference predict information can include area indication and / or area traffic volume (s) of one or more areas in the neighboring cell 720. In some cases, if the serving TRP 710 has the information about the specific DL and / or UL area traffic, it can use the traffic to predict the interference in the future. In some implementations, there can be many areas in TRP coverage region, and the following information can be transmitted from neighboring TRPs (e.g., neighboring TRP 720) to serving TRP 710: (1) the mapping rules between area and area index, (2) the area index indication, and (3) area traffic volume. In some implementations, index of an area and traffic volume of the area, and / or the area and index of the area (e.g., the aforementioned mapping rules) may be pre-configured based on protocol or signaling between the serving TRP 710 and the neighboring TRP 720.
[0142] In some implementations, the interference predict information can include UL and / or DL traffic volume per beam direction in the neighboring cell 720. For example, if the serving TRP 710 has the information about the specific DL and / or UL beam direction traffic of the neighboring cell 720, it can use the traffic to predict the interference in the future. In some implementations, the following information can be transmitted from neighboring TRPs (e.g., neighboring TRP 720) to serving TRP 710: (1) the mapping rules between beam and beam index, where the beam can be SSB pattern, CSI-RS pattern, or SRS pattern, (2) the beam index indication, and (3) area traffic volume. In some implementations, index of beams and volumes of the beams, and / or the mapping rules between beam and beam index, may be pre-configured based on protocol or signaling between the serving TRP 710 and the neighboring TRP 720.
[0143] At 704 (also referred to as step 2) , in response to the request at 702, the dynamic TDD related information is delivered from neighboring TRP 720 to serving TRP 710. In some implementations, the neighboring TRP 720 can transmit the aforementioned at least one type of the requested information of the neighboring TRP 720, for example, the basic scheduling information and / or interference prediction information of neighboring cell 720, to serving TRP 710. In response, serving TRP 710 can perform channel measurement based on the dynamic TDD related information. In some implementations, the dynamic TDD related information is delivered from neighboring TRP 720 to serving TRP 710 at 704 without first receiving the request at 702.
[0144] At 706 (also referred to as step 3) , additional dynamic TDD related information can be delivered from neighboring TRP 720 to serving TRP 710. In some implementations, the additional dynamic TDD related information can include types of scheduling information beyond the aforementioned requested types of scheduling information, for example, updates with opportunistic TDD transmission. In some implementations, the dynamic TDD related information obtained by serving TRP 710 at 702 is long-term information. However, opportunistic TDD transmission can be short-term. Therefore, the dynamic TDD related information such as uplink and / or downlink transmission occasions can be updated, and the updated uplink and / or downlink transmission occasions can be transmitted from neighboring TRP 720 to serving TRP 710 as additional dynamic TDD related information.
[0145] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of operations performed in FIG. 7A. In some implementations, the sleep pattern of neighboring cell 720 can be further used to perform opportunistic DL / UL transmission that is configured in configuration 804 or 806 (e.g., overwriting pre-configured direction of transmission configured in semi-static configuration 802 of TDD) .
[0146] In some implementations, serving TRP 710 can collect information from neighboring cells (e.g., neighboring cell 720) . The serving TRP 710 and neighboring TRPs (e.g., neighboring cell 720) can be in a coordinated region, where scheduling information can be exchanged in a timely manner. In some cases, the serving TRP 710 can obtain the scheduling information of the neighboring TRPs (e.g., neighboring cell 720) timely.
[0147] FIG. 9 illustrates an example scenario for multiple TRPs and UE. FIG. 10 illustrates an example process of information exchange between a serving TRP and a UE. In some implementations, an example of serving TRP 710 in FIG. 10 is TRP1 or TRP3 in FIG. 6, and an example of UE 1020 in FIG. 10 is TRP2 in FIG. 6.
[0148] As shown in FIG. 10, at 1002, serving TRP 710 indicates to UE 1020 a dynamic indication, for example, a measurement resource allocation. In some implementations, the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern. The dynamic indication can be received via DCI, MAC-CE or RRC, or any combination thereof, similar to the basic TRP scheduling granularity used to design allocated resource. In some cases, RRC has some pre-configured patterns, and the DCI / MAC-CE can include an index of one of the patterns. In some cases, the indication can include indication with time domain information, frequency domain information, and / or spatial domain information. For example, the indication may be associated with SSB index or CSI-RS resource pattern. Opportunistic available measurement resource indication can be broadcasted.
[0149] In some implementations, the measurement result is obtained according to a frequency domain resource assignment, which indicates the particular RB or RBs of the measurement resource. An example of the frequency domain resource assignment of measurement resource is bits, where is the size of the active DL bandwidth. In some cases, the frequency domain resource assignment can be sent in the same dynamic indication, a different indication, a different DCI, MAC-CE, or RRC than the one for the dyanamic indication, or any combination thereof.
[0150] In some implementations, time domain resource assignment of measurement resource is X bit, where each bit represents a symbol state (e.g., for 0101, 1 indicates that the bit belongs to measurement result, and 0 indicates that the bit isn’ t used for measurement) , or the index of the X bits represents a symbol state string.
[0151] In some implementations, the dynamic indication includes a bitmap or an index indicating the at least one sleep period. In some cases, RRC may configure multiple patterns and DCI may indicate an index corresponding to one of the patterns.
[0152] At 1004, serving TRP 710 indicates to UE 1020 additional measurement configuration, for example, the measurement report information type (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , or reference signal strength indicator (RSSI) ) . In some implementations, the measurement report information type can indicate one or more configured sets of measurement resource for a measurement report. The measurement report information type can also indicate the set of measurement resource for the measurement report (in some cases, different resources may correspond to different energy saving patterns of different neighboring cells) . In some implementations, serving TRP 710 can indicate what information can be included in the measurement report. In some cases, the additional measurement configuration can be sent to UE 1020 in the same message as the dynamic indication, or in a different message that is a higher layer message than the message for the dynamic indication. In some cases, the additional measurement configuration can be cell-common (e.g., system information in system information block (SIB) ) , group-common, or UE-specific. In some cases, the additional measurement configuration can be broadcast or dedicated signal.
[0153] In some implementations, the indication can include measurement filtering parameters, such as the percentage (e.g., X%) of historical interference measurement, and / or the percentage (e.g., Y%) of instant interference measurement. In some cases, the measurement filtering parameters can include the number of taps, coefficient of each tap, and / or unit of tap (e.g., symbol, slot, minute, hour, day) of a measurement filter.
[0154] At 1006, UE 1020 transmits a report, for example, a dynamic TDD measurement report, to serving TRP 710. In some implementations, the measurement report includes a measurement result, where the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period. In some cases, when the measurement report includes long term measurement, measurement time duration associated measurement resource can be in 1004 or 1006.
[0155] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” or “an” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0156] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an example embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of the example embodiment for its intended application.
[0157] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0158] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0159] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0160] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in different embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / "indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0161] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0162] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device and enable a machine to execute the instructions. When executed by any computer or the processor of a programmable data processing device, the instructions cause the apparatus to implement specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0163] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or on another programmable device provide steps for implementing specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0164] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A method comprising:receiving information of a neighboring cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell; andperforming channel measurement based on the information of the neighboring cell.2.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting a request for the information of the neighboring cell.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the request comprises at least one type of the requested information of the neighboring cell.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the receiving information of the neighboring cell further comprises receiving additional information of the neighboring cell.5.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information indicates at least one sleep period in the energy saving pattern.6.The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the information indicates at least one of frequency domain allocation, frequency domain scheduling granularity, spatial domain granularity, or spatial domain beam direction.7.The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more areas in the neighboring cell.8.The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more beam directions in the neighboring cell.9.A method comprising:transmitting information of a cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.10.The method of claim 9, further comprising:receiving a request for the information of the cell.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the request comprises at least one type of the requested information of the cell.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the transmitting information of the cell further comprises transmitting additional information of the cell.13.The method of any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the information indicates at least one sleep period in the energy saving pattern.14.The method of any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the information indicates at least one of frequency domain allocation, frequency domain scheduling granularity, spatial domain granularity, or spatial domain beam direction.15.The method of any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more areas in the cell.16.The method of any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the information indicates traffic volumes of one or more beam directions in the cell.17.A method comprising:receiving a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; andtransmitting a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the dynamic indication is received via downlink control information (DCI) or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .19.The method of claim 17 or 18, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to a frequency domain resource assignment.20.The method of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the dynamic indication comprises a bitmap or an index indicating the at least one sleep period.21.The method of any one of claims 17 to 20, further comprising:receiving additional measurement configuration, wherein the additional measurement configuration comprises at least one of a measurement report information type or a measurement filtering parameter.22.A method comprising:transmitting a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; andreceiving a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the dynamic indication is transmitted via downlink control information (DCI) or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .24.The method of claim 22 or 23, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to a frequency domain resource assignment.25.The method of any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the dynamic indication comprises a bitmap or an index indicating the at least one sleep period.26.The method of any one of claims 22 to 25, further comprising:transmitting additional measurement configuration, wherein the additional measurement configuration comprises at least one of a measurement report information type or a measurement filtering parameter.27.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 9 to 16, 17 to 21, or 22 to 26.28.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:a receiving unit, configured to receive information of a neighboring cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell; anda measurement unit, configured to perform channel measurement based on the information of the neighboring cell.29.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:a transmitting unit, configured to transmit information of a cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.30.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:a receiving unit, configured to receive a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; anda transmitting unit, configured to transmit a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.31.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:a transmitting unit, configured to transmit a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; anda receiving unit, configured to receive a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.32.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:an interface circuit, configured to:receive information of a neighboring cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the neighboring cell.33.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:an interface circuit, configured to:transmit information of a cell, wherein the information comprises indication of an energy saving pattern of the cell.34.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:an interface circuit, configured to:receive a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; andtransmit a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.35.The communication apparatus of claim 27, comprising:an interface circuit, configured to:transmit a dynamic indication, wherein the dynamic indication indicates at least one sleep period in an energy saving pattern; andreceive a measurement report comprising a measurement result, wherein the measurement result is obtained according to the at least one sleep period.36.The communication apparatus of any one of claims 32 to 35, wherein the interface circuit comprises one or more transceivers.37.An apparatus comprising:one or more processors; andone or more memories storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 26.38.A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises a first communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 or 22 to 26, and at least one of a second communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 9 to 16, and a third communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 17-21.39.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, 9 to 16, 17 to 21, or 22 to 26.40.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, 9 to 16, 17 to 21, or 22 to 26.