Purification apparatus, power supply system, and vehicle

Abstract

A purification apparatus, a power supply system, and a vehicle. The purification apparatus comprises a housing assembly and a filter assembly. The housing assembly comprises a side wall, the side wall defines a cavity, and the filter assembly is arranged in the cavity. In a first direction, a first air inlet is formed at one end of the housing assembly, and a first exhaust port is formed at the other end of the housing assembly; and the first air inlet and the first exhaust port are respectively located on two sides of the filter assembly in a second direction, and are both communicated with the cavity. The filter assembly comprises a first filter member; the first filter member comprises a first filter plate extending in the first direction; the first filter plate comprises two main surfaces opposite in the second direction, two side surfaces opposite in a third direction, and a plurality of first through holes; the plurality of first through holes run through the two opposite main surfaces of the first filter plate; and the two opposite side surfaces of the first filter plate are in contact with the inner surface of the side wall. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect with each other pairwise.

Description

Purification equipment, power supply system, vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510119709.1, filed on January 24, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of new energy vehicle power battery system technology, and in particular to a purification device, power supply system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] With the rapid development of China's new energy vehicle industry, the market share of new energy vehicles is constantly increasing. As the main power component of new energy vehicles, the power battery directly determines the vehicle's safety, lifespan, and performance. In recent years, accidents involving new energy vehicles caused by power battery thermal runaway have occurred frequently. The reason for this is that when the heat in a single power battery cell becomes too high and cannot dissipate in time, the heat accumulation spreads from a localized area to the entire battery, eventually leading to battery thermal runaway. Power battery thermal runaway not only brings high temperatures and instantaneous high pressure but also generates a large amount of smoke containing numerous particulate matter. The escape of these high-temperature particles can easily cause fires or even explosions. The combustion of large amounts of flammable materials can also produce smoke that, when inhaled, can lead to poisoning, threatening the lives of drivers and passengers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a purification device, a power supply system, and a vehicle capable of filtering particulate matter and harmful substances in flue gas.

[0005] In a first aspect, a purification device is provided. The purification device includes a housing assembly and a filter assembly. The housing assembly includes sidewalls that form a cavity; along a first direction, a first air inlet is provided at one end of the housing assembly, and a first exhaust port is provided at the other end of the housing assembly, both the first air inlet and the first exhaust port communicating with the cavity. The filter assembly is disposed within the cavity, and the first air inlet and the first exhaust port are respectively located on opposite sides of the filter assembly along a second direction.

[0006] The filter assembly includes a first filter element, which includes a first filter plate extending along a first direction. The first filter plate includes two main surfaces opposite each other along a second direction, two side surfaces opposite each other along a third direction, and a plurality of first through holes. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other in pairs. The plurality of first through holes penetrate the two opposite main surfaces of the first filter plate. The two opposite side surfaces of the first filter plate are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall. The first filter plate extends from both ends along the first direction toward both ends along the first direction of the sidewall and is flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall.

[0007] In some embodiments of the purification device disclosed herein, after external gas enters the cavity through the first air inlet, some of the particulate matter carried by the airflow is intercepted by the first through-holes on the first filter plate, thereby achieving physical filtration of the particulate matter carried by the gas. The gas entering the cavity from the first air inlet can only be discharged through the first exhaust port after passing through the first filter plate, ensuring that the gas discharged from the purification device is clean gas filtered by the first filter element.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first filter element further includes a baffle disposed on the first filter plate, the baffle and the first air inlet being located on the same side of the first filter plate along a second direction. A first end of the baffle is connected to the first filter plate, and a second end of the baffle has a first gap with a sidewall.

[0009] In some embodiments, the baffle includes two side surfaces opposite each other along a third direction, and the baffle satisfies one of the following: the two opposite side surfaces of the baffle are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall, respectively; or, the side surfaces of the baffle and the sidewall have a second gap, the second gap being less than or equal to the first gap.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first filter element includes n baffles arranged along a first direction, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Among the n baffles, the height of the baffles increases along the first direction and in the direction from the first air inlet to the first exhaust outlet; the height of the baffle refers to the dimension of the baffle along a second direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, n baffles divide the first filter plate into n+1 first sub-sections, each of the n+1 first sub-sections including at least two of a plurality of first through holes. The equivalent diameters of the first through holes included in each of the n+1 first sub-sections are the same or substantially the same, and the equivalent diameters of the first through holes included in the n+1 first sub-sections decrease along a first direction, specifically along the direction from the first air inlet to the first exhaust outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the purification device satisfies at least one of the following: the interval between any one of the n baffles and the sidewall is less than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole on the first sub-part of the baffle near the first air inlet; and the interval between any one of the n baffles and the sidewall is greater than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole on the first sub-part of the baffle near the first exhaust outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the filter assembly further includes a second filter element disposed on the side of the first filter plate near the first exhaust port, the second filter element including a second sub-part extending in a first direction, the second sub-part extending at both ends in the first direction toward both ends of the sidewall in the first direction, and being flush or substantially flush with the end of the sidewall.

[0014] In some embodiments, the filter assembly further includes: a second filter element disposed on the side of the first filter plate near the first exhaust port, the second filter element including a plurality of second sub-parts sequentially connected along a first direction. The plurality of second sub-parts satisfy at least one of the following: at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts in the second filter element has line contact with the first filter plate; and at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts in the second filter element has surface contact with the first filter plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, a cross-section is made of the second filter element along a plane parallel to the first direction and parallel to the second direction, and the resulting cross-sectional shape is a polygonal, wavy, or "bow" shape.

[0016] In some embodiments, of the plurality of second sub-parts included in the second filter element, the ends of the two outermost second sub-parts along the first direction are flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second sub-part includes two opposing side surfaces along a third direction, the opposing side surfaces of the second sub-part respectively contacting the inner surface of the sidewall.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second sub-part includes: a first filter layer, the first filter layer including two opposing main surfaces and a plurality of second through holes; any one of the plurality of second through holes penetrates the two opposing main surfaces of the first filter layer.

[0019] In some embodiments, at least one of an antistatic agent and an antistatic agent is coated on at least the surface of the first filter layer facing the first filter element.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second sub-part further includes a second filter layer disposed on the side of the first filter layer away from the first filter element, the second filter layer comprising a high-temperature resistant fiber material. The second filter layer is configured to block and adsorb particulate matter; the size of the particulate matter is greater than or equal to 0.1 micrometers.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second filter layer satisfies one of the following: the second filter layer is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air; and the second filter layer is configured to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second sub-part further includes a third filter layer disposed on the side of the second filter layer away from the first filter layer, the third filter layer including two opposing main surfaces and a plurality of third through holes, any one of the plurality of third through holes penetrating the two opposing main surfaces of the third filter layer.

[0023] In some embodiments, the two sides of the second filter layer are in contact with the first filter layer and the third filter layer, respectively.

[0024] In some embodiments, the equivalent diameter of the third through hole is the same as or approximately the same as that of the second through hole.

[0025] In some embodiments, the hardness of the first filter layer is greater than the hardness of the second filter layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, the filter assembly further includes a third filter element disposed on the side of the second filter element away from the first filter element, the third filter element including a plurality of fourth through holes extending through the second filter layer of the second sub-part in a second direction. One end of the second sub-part of the second filter element contacts the third filter element, and the other end contacts the first filter element.

[0027] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes: a support member disposed within the cavity, the support member extending at both ends in a first direction toward both ends of a sidewall in the first direction, and being flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall. In a second direction, the support member is further away from the first air inlet of the housing assembly than the purification device, and the support member is in contact with the purification device. The support member satisfies one of the following: the support member includes a plurality of perforations; or, the support member includes a breathable material.

[0028] In some embodiments, the support includes two opposing side surfaces along a third direction, the opposing side surfaces of the support contacting the inner surface of the sidewall, respectively.

[0029] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes: a first connector disposed on one side of the housing assembly along a first direction, and a second connector disposed on the other side of the housing assembly along the first direction. The first connector is disposed within the cavity and connected to the inner wall of the cavity; the second connector is disposed within the cavity and connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0030] The first and second connectors seal the ends of the cavity, and the first air inlet and the first air outlet are located on the side wall.

[0031] In some embodiments, the purification device further includes: a first connector disposed on one side of the housing assembly along a first direction, and a second connector disposed on the other side of the housing assembly along the first direction. The first connector is disposed on the outside of the cavity and connected to the end face of the cavity, the second connector is disposed on the outside of the cavity and connected to the end face of the cavity; a first air inlet is disposed on the first connector, and a first exhaust outlet is disposed on the second connector.

[0032] Secondly, a power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes: a housing assembly, a power supply system, and at least one purification device as provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. The housing assembly includes a first housing, the first housing including a receiving cavity, a battery and a purification device disposed within the receiving cavity, a first air inlet of the purification device communicating with the receiving cavity, and a first exhaust port of the purification device communicating with the exhaust port of the housing assembly.

[0033] The power supply system described above has the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the purification device provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0034] In some embodiments, the housing assembly further includes: a first air passage disposed within the accommodating cavity, the first air passage including a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet communicating with the accommodating cavity, and the second air outlet communicating with the first air inlet of the purification device.

[0035] In some embodiments, the housing assembly further includes: a second housing disposed on one side of the first housing, the second housing including a second air duct, the second air duct including a third air inlet and a third air outlet, the third air inlet communicating with the first air outlet of the purification device, and the third air outlet communicating with the air outlet of the housing assembly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the housing assembly further includes a pressure relief assembly connected to an exhaust port of the housing assembly. The pressure relief assembly is configured to close when the pressure inside the housing assembly is less than a set threshold, and to open when the pressure inside the housing assembly is greater than or equal to the set threshold, so as to release gas from the housing assembly.

[0037] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a vehicle body and the aforementioned power supply system, wherein the power supply system is disposed within the vehicle body.

[0038] The vehicles described above have the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the purification devices provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a power supply system according to some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a purification device according to some embodiments;

[0041] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a power supply system according to some other embodiments;

[0042] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a purification device according to some other embodiments;

[0043] Figure 5 is another structural diagram of the purification device according to some other embodiments;

[0044] Figure 6 is another cross-sectional view of a power supply system according to some other embodiments;

[0045] Figure 7 is yet another cross-sectional view of a power supply system according to some other embodiments;

[0046] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a purification device according to some embodiments;

[0047] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a purification device according to some other embodiments;

[0048] Figure 10 is a structural diagram of a filtering component according to some embodiments;

[0049] Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a filter assembly according to some other embodiments;

[0050] Figure 12 is a structural diagram of a first filter element according to some embodiments;

[0051] Figure 13 is a structural diagram of a second filter element according to some embodiments;

[0052] Figure 14 is a partial enlarged view of a second filter element according to some embodiments;

[0053] Figure 15 is a structural diagram of the second sub-part according to some embodiments;

[0054] Figure 16 is a structural diagram of the second sub-part according to some other embodiments;

[0055] Figure 17 is a structural diagram of a filter assembly and support according to some embodiments.

[0056] Figure Descriptions: 100—Power supply system; 10—Purification device; 1—Housing assembly; 1a—First air inlet; 1b—First exhaust outlet; 11—Side wall; 11a—Inner surface of side wall; Q1—Cavity; 12—First connector; 13—Second connector; 2—Filter assembly; 21—First filter element; 211—First filter plate; 211a—Main surface of first filter plate; 211b—Side surface of first filter plate; 211c—First through hole; 2111—First sub-part; 212—Baffle; 212b—Side surface of baffle; 22—Second filter element; 221—Second sub-part; 221b—Side surface of second sub-part; 2211—First filter layer; 2211a—Main surface of the first filter layer; 2211b—Side surface of the first filter layer; 2211c—Second through hole; 2211d—First filter media; 2211e—First substrate; 2212—Second filter layer; 2212b—Side surface of the second filter layer; 2213—Third filter layer; 2213a—Main surface of the third filter layer; 2213b—Side surface of the third filter layer; 2213c—Third through hole; 2213d—Second filter media; 2213e—Second substrate; 23—Third filter element; 23a—Main surface of the third filter element; 23b—Side surface of the third filter element; 23c—Fourth through hole; 3—Support member; 3b—Side surface of the support member; 20—Box assembly; 20b—Exhaust port; 201—First housing; 2011—Accommodation cavity; 2012—First air passage; 2012a—Second air inlet; 2012b—Second exhaust port; 201a—Open end; 202—Second housing; 2021—Second air passage; 2021a—Third air inlet; 2021b—Third exhaust port; 30—Battery; 40—Pressure relief assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0059] In related technologies, numerous research institutions and automakers both domestically and internationally have proposed many solutions to the high temperature and high pressure problems caused by battery thermal runaway, and these solutions have been widely applied in vehicles on the market. However, no effective solutions have yet been proposed for the particulate matter and harmful gases generated by thermal runaway.

[0060] A battery thermal runaway cooling delay system is proposed in related technologies. When the battery thermally runs away, the thermal runaway delay system is activated to achieve cascaded control, but it cannot handle the smoke generated after the battery thermal runaway.

[0061] Related technologies also propose a battery venting device, but there is no space to assemble the new device. Furthermore, after the thermal runaway of a ternary lithium battery, a large amount of combustible material is generated inside. The device has a small adsorption area and cannot completely handle the ejected material after the battery thermal runaway. After the ejected material blocks the venting valve, the venting valve loses its original pressure relief function, and the battery pack cannot be depressurized quickly, posing an explosion risk.

[0062] To address the aforementioned problems, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a purification device, a power supply system, and a vehicle.

[0063] For ease of understanding, the purification device, power supply system and vehicle provided in some embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] The purification device and power supply system in some embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to vehicles, as well as other means of transportation such as airplanes or ships. The following description uses an application to a vehicle as an example to illustrate some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0065] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes a vehicle body and a power supply system 100, the power supply system 100 being disposed within the vehicle body. As shown in FIG1, the power supply system 100 includes a battery 30, the battery 30 being used to supply power to electrical devices in the vehicle.

[0066] When the battery 30 experiences thermal runaway, it will bring dangers of high temperature and instantaneous high pressure, as well as a lot of delays. The smoke contains a large number of particulate matter, and the escape of high-temperature particulate matter can easily cause fire or even explosion. The smoke produced by the combustion of a large amount of combustibles can easily lead to poisoning if inhaled, threatening the life safety of drivers and passengers.

[0067] Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power supply system 100.

[0068] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the power supply system 100 further includes a housing assembly 20 and a purification device 10. The housing assembly 20 includes a first housing 201; the first housing 201 includes a receiving cavity 2011, in which the battery 30 and the purification device 10 are disposed. The first air inlet 1a of the purification device 10 communicates with the receiving cavity 2011, and the first exhaust port 1b of the purification device 10 communicates with the exhaust port 20b of the housing assembly 20.

[0069] In some examples, the purification device 10 is configured to filter particulate matter in the air.

[0070] Particulate matter includes primary and secondary particulate matter. Primary particulate matter includes smoke and dust generated by the thermal runaway of battery 30. Secondary particulate matter includes particulate matter generated by the transformation of certain polluting gas components (such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc.) between themselves or with normal atmospheric components (such as oxygen) through photochemical oxidation, catalytic oxidation, or other chemical reactions. For example, sulfur dioxide is transformed into sulfate.

[0071] In addition, the particulate matter removed by the purification device 10 in some embodiments of this disclosure also includes: structural fragments of the battery 30 caused by the damage of the battery 30 in the event of thermal runaway, and structural fragments caused by the damage of other structures in the accommodating cavity 2011.

[0072] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the size of the particulate matter may refer to the particle size of dust particles or the minimum aperture of a circular hole through which structural fragments can pass.

[0073] In other examples, the purification device 10 is also configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air, or to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless chemicals.

[0074] The gas inside the containment cavity 2011 must be filtered by the purification device 10 before it can be discharged from the housing assembly 20. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery 30, the gas generated after the thermal runaway of the battery 30 must first be filtered by the purification device 10 before it can be discharged from the housing assembly 20. The purification device 10 can intercept and adsorb particulate matter in the airflow, and can adsorb or catalyze harmful gases in the airflow, so that the gas discharged from the housing assembly 20 becomes clean gas after filtration.

[0075] After the gas is filtered by the purification device 10, the concentration of particulate matter carried in the gas is reduced, and the harmful chemicals carried in the gas are adsorbed in the purification device 10 or converted into harmless substances and discharged. This ensures that when the battery 30 experiences thermal runaway, the particulate matter and harmful chemicals generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 30 are filtered and removed by the purification device 10 and will not be discharged outside the housing assembly 20, thereby reducing the safety risks caused by the thermal runaway of the battery 30.

[0076] As exemplarily shown in Figures 1 and 3, at least one purification device 10 is provided in the accommodating cavity 2011. That is, one, two or more purification devices 10 may be provided in each housing assembly 20 of the power supply system 100.

[0077] In this way, when two or more purification devices 10 are installed in the accommodating cavity 2011, on the one hand, the gas in the accommodating cavity 2011 can be filtered by multiple (two or more) purification devices 10 at the same time, which can improve the gas filtration efficiency; on the other hand, with this design, even if one purification device 10 fails to filter or its filtration efficiency is reduced due to particulate matter accumulation or other problems, the remaining purification devices 10 can still filter the gas, ensuring the filtration effect of the gas.

[0078] For example, the first air inlet 1a of all (at least one) purification devices 10 in the accommodating cavity 2011 is connected to the accommodating cavity 2011, and the first exhaust port 1b of all purification devices 10 in the accommodating cavity 2011 is connected to the exhaust port 20b of the housing assembly 20.

[0079] Based on this, the housing assembly 20 may have one exhaust port 20b, to which the first exhaust ports 1b of all (at least one) purification devices 10 are connected. Alternatively, the housing assembly 20 may have multiple (two or more) exhaust ports 20b, each exhaust port 20b being connected to the first exhaust port 1b of at least one purification device 10.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the purification device 10 includes a housing assembly 1 and a filter assembly 2. The housing assembly 1 includes a sidewall 11 forming a cavity Q1. The filter assembly 2 is disposed within the cavity Q1. One end of the housing assembly 1 along the first direction X includes a first air inlet 1a, and the other end of the housing assembly 1 along the first direction X includes a first exhaust outlet 1b. Both the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b communicate with the cavity Q1, and the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b are located on opposite sides of the filter assembly 2 along the second direction Y. The first direction X intersects the second direction Y.

[0081] As shown in Figure 2, along the first direction X, one side of the cavity Q1 is connected to the outside through the first air inlet 1a, and the other side is connected to the outside through the first exhaust port 1b. Gas enters the cavity Q1 through the first air inlet 1a, realizing physical filtration of particulate matter carried in the gas, as well as chemical adsorption or harmless transformation of harmful chemical substances carried in the gas, thereby achieving the filtration and removal of particulate matter and harmful chemical substances carried in the gas, so that the gas discharged from the purification device 10 through the first exhaust port 1b is filtered gas.

[0082] In addition, during the process of gas entering the cavity Q1 through the first air inlet 1a, larger particles will be intercepted outside the first air inlet 1a and will not enter the cavity Q1 with the airflow.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the housing assembly 20 further includes a first air duct 2012 disposed within the accommodating cavity 2011. The first air duct 2012 includes a second air inlet 2012a and a second air outlet 2012b. The second air inlet 2012a communicates with the accommodating cavity 2011. The second air outlet 2012b communicates with the first air inlet 1a of the purification device 10.

[0084] In some embodiments of this disclosure, by providing a purification device 10 and a first air passage 2012 in the accommodating cavity 2011 of the housing assembly 20, after the battery 30 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas first flows from the accommodating cavity 2011 into the first air passage 2012 through the second air inlet 2012a, where it collides and cools down. Then, after passing through the first air passage 2012, it enters the purification device 10 through the first air inlet 1a. The gas is filtered in the purification device 10 and then discharged outside the housing assembly 20. The purification device 10 adsorbs and filters particulate matter and harmful substances in the airflow, so that the gas discharged outside the housing assembly 20 is clean and harmless.

[0085] By setting the first air passage 2012, the temperature of the gas entering the purification device 10 is lower than that of the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery 30, thus avoiding the impact of high temperature on the material of the filter component 2 and better protecting the filter component 2 in the purification device 10, so that the filter component 2 can achieve the expected filtration effect.

[0086] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, FIG4 and FIG5, the purification device 10 further includes: a first connector 12 disposed on one side of the housing assembly 1 along the first direction X, and a second connector 13 disposed on the other side of the housing assembly 1 along the first direction X.

[0087] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the first connector 12 may be disposed inside the cavity Q1 and connected to the inner wall of the cavity Q1; or, as shown in Figure 5, the first connector 12 may be disposed outside the cavity Q1 and connected to the end face of the cavity Q1.

[0088] Accordingly, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the second connector 13 may be disposed inside the cavity Q1 and connected to the inner wall of the cavity Q1; or, as shown in Figure 5, the second connector 13 may be disposed outside the cavity Q1 and connected to the end face of the cavity Q1.

[0089] The phrase “the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b are located on both sides of the filter assembly 2 along the second direction Y” means that the gas outside the purification device 10 enters the cavity Q1 through the first air inlet 1a, is filtered by the filter assembly 2, and is then discharged through the first exhaust outlet 1b.

[0090] This disclosure does not limit the orientation of the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b. The opening direction of the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b can be along the first direction X, the second direction Y, or other directions.

[0091] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the first connector 12 and the second connector 13 seal the end of the cavity Q1, and the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b of the purification device 10 are both located on the side wall 11.

[0092] For example, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first air inlet 1a is disposed on the first connector 12, and the first exhaust outlet 1b is disposed on the second connector 13.

[0093] For example, the first air inlet 1a is provided on the first connector 12, and the first exhaust outlet 1b is provided on the side wall 11.

[0094] For example, the first air inlet 1a is located on the side wall 11, and the first exhaust outlet 1b is located on the second connector 13.

[0095] Based on the above, the purification device 10, by setting the first connector 12, the second connector 13, the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b, limits the flow direction of gas entering the cavity Q1 and flowing out of the cavity Q1, ensuring that the gas discharged by the purification device 10 is clean gas filtered by the filter assembly 2.

[0096] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b can be disposed on the side wall 11; or, as shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the first air inlet 1a can be disposed on the first connecting member 12, and the first exhaust outlet 1b can be disposed on the second connecting member 13. The positions of the first air inlet 1a and the first exhaust outlet 1b can be adaptively designed according to actual needs, with flexible design to adapt to different application scenarios. This is only an illustrative description of some possible embodiments of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0097] By providing a first connector 12 and a second connector 13 on both sides of the cavity Q1, when the purification device 10 is placed in the accommodating cavity 2011, it can be fixedly connected to other structures (such as at least one of the first airway 2012 and the first housing 201) through the first connector 12 and the second connector 13. Compared with the connection and fixation through the end of the side wall 11, the connection area can be increased, thereby improving the connection firmness.

[0098] In addition, by providing the first connector 12 and the second connector 13 on both sides of the cavity Q1, it is possible to ensure that the airflow direction flows as expected, prevent the unpurified gas entering the cavity Q1 from leaking out from the end of the cavity Q1, ensure that the gas enters the cavity Q1 from the first air inlet 1a, is filtered by the filter assembly 2, and is then discharged from the first exhaust port 1b, thus ensuring the filtration effect of the purification device 10 on the gas.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the power supply system 100 further includes a pressure relief assembly 40 disposed on one side of the enclosure assembly 20 along a first direction X, the pressure relief assembly 40 being connected to the exhaust port 20b of the enclosure assembly 20. The pressure relief assembly 40 is configured to close when the pressure inside the enclosure assembly 20 is less than a set threshold, and to open when the pressure inside the enclosure assembly 20 is greater than or equal to the set threshold, so as to discharge gas from the enclosure assembly 20 and maintain the gas pressure inside the enclosure assembly 20 within a set range.

[0100] For example, the pressure relief assembly 40 includes a vent valve. Of course, the pressure relief assembly 4 may also include other types of valve bodies, or structures or devices with pressure relief functions. This is only an illustrative example of some possible embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0101] By setting up the pressure relief component 40, when the air pressure inside the housing component 20 is too high, the pressure relief component 40 opens to relieve the pressure in the housing component 20, which can effectively prevent the risks that may be caused by excessive air pressure inside the housing component 20.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the housing assembly 20 further includes a second housing 202 disposed on one side of the first housing 201. The second housing 202 includes a second air duct 2021, which includes a third air inlet 2021a and a third exhaust outlet 2021b. The third air inlet 2021a is connected to the first exhaust outlet 1b of the purification device 10, and the third exhaust outlet 2021b is connected to the outside of the second housing 202.

[0103] For example, the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 may be an integral structure. For instance, the housing assembly 20 may include a housing and a partition disposed within the housing, the partition dividing the housing into the first housing 201 and the second housing 202.

[0104] Alternatively, the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 can also be separate structures, with one surface of the first housing 201 connected to one surface of the second housing 202, or the first housing 201 includes an open end 201a that communicates with the receiving cavity 2011 and faces the second housing 202 and is connected to the second housing 202.

[0105] For example, the second housing 202 may be disposed on one side of the first housing 201 along the first direction X.

[0106] In the event of thermal runaway of battery 30, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of battery 30 first enters the first air passage 2012, where it undergoes collision cooling. The cooled gas then enters the cavity Q1 of the purification device 10 through the first air inlet 1a, is filtered by the filter assembly 2, and is discharged through the first exhaust port 1b of the purification device 10. The clean gas discharged from the purification device 10 enters the second air passage 2021 through the third air inlet 2021a, undergoes collision cooling again in the second air passage 2021, and is then discharged outside the housing assembly 20 through the third exhaust port 2021b.

[0107] During this process, the particulate matter generated after the thermal runaway of battery 30 is intercepted inside the purification device 10, and the generated harmful gases are converted into harmless gases, thus better protecting the safety of the occupants. Furthermore, the clean gas filtered by the purification device 10 collides with the second air duct 2021, achieving secondary cooling of the gas. This ensures that the gas discharged from the housing assembly 20 is clean, while simultaneously reducing its temperature to the expected range. This reduces the risk of burns to occupants from high-temperature gas discharge, as well as the risk of thermal damage to surrounding structures (such as wiring in the vehicle) caused by high-temperature gas, leading to equipment deformation, cracking, or failure, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, the filter assembly 2 of the purification device 10 includes a first filter element 21. The first filter element 21 includes a first filter plate 211 extending along a first direction X, and a first air inlet 1a and a first exhaust outlet 1b are respectively located on opposite sides of the first filter element 21 along a second direction Y.

[0109] As shown in Figure 12, the first filter plate 211 includes two main surfaces 211a opposite each other along the second direction Y, two side surfaces 211b opposite each other along the third direction Z, and a plurality of first through holes 211c. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect each other, and the first through holes 211c penetrate the two opposite main surfaces 211a of the first filter plate 211.

[0110] For example, the shape of the first through hole 211c can be circular, near-circular, elliptical or near-elliptical, or it can be a polygon such as triangle, rectangle, oblong, rhombus, trapezoid, parallelogram, pentagon, or hexagon.

[0111] When the first through hole 211c is circular, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c refers to the diameter of the circle; when the first through hole 211c is any shape other than circular, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c refers to the diameter of the largest sphere that can pass through the first through hole 211c.

[0112] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, after the external gas enters the cavity Q1 through the first air inlet 1a, some of the particulate matter carried by the airflow will be intercepted by the first through hole 211c on the first filter plate 211, thereby achieving physical filtration of the particulate matter carried by the gas.

[0113] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 8, 9 and 12, the first filter plate 211 extends from both ends along the first direction X toward the two ends along the first direction X of the sidewall 11, and is flush or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall 11. The two opposite side surfaces 211b of the first filter plate 211 are in contact with the inner surface 11a of the sidewall 11.

[0114] As shown in Figure 8, the two ends of the first filter plate 211 along the first direction X are flush or approximately flush with the end of the cavity Q1. The two ends of the first filter plate 211 along the first direction X can be connected to the first connector 12 and the second connector 13 respectively. As shown in Figures 8, 9 and 12, the side surface 211b of the first filter plate 211 is in contact with the inner sidewall of the cavity Q1. In this way, the gas entering the cavity Q1 from the first air inlet 1a can only be discharged through the first exhaust port 1b after passing through the first filter 21, ensuring that the gas discharged from the purification device 10 is gas filtered by the first filter 21.

[0115] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8, 9, 10, and 12, the first filter element 21 further includes at least one baffle 212, which is disposed on the first filter plate 211 and located on the same side of the first filter plate 211 along the second direction Y, as the first air inlet 1a. One end of the baffle 212 is connected to the first filter plate 211, and the other end of the baffle 212 has a first gap with the sidewall 11.

[0116] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, by setting a baffle 212 on the first filter plate 211, there is a first gap between the top of the baffle 212 (the side of the baffle 212 away from the first filter plate 211) and the side wall 11. The first gap can also block some part of the particulate matter. In this way, when the gas entering the cavity Q1 flows along the first direction X, part of the particulate matter carried in the airflow that is larger than the first gap is intercepted by the baffle 212 and no longer flows with the airflow to the first exhaust port 1b, thereby reducing the concentration of particulate matter carried in the gas flowing to the first exhaust port 1b.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8, 9, 10, and 12, the first filter element 21 includes n baffles 212 arranged along a first direction X, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. Among the n baffles 212, the height of the baffles 212 gradually increases along the first direction X and in the direction from the first air inlet 1a to the first exhaust outlet 1b.

[0118] The height of baffle 212 can refer to the dimension of baffle 212 along the second direction Y. When the height of baffle 212 is different, the dimension of the first gap formed between each baffle 212 and the side wall 11 is also different.

[0119] By setting multiple baffles 212 of different heights on the first filter plate 211, the space between the first filter plate 211 and the side wall 11 is divided into multiple regions, such as regions G1, G2 and G3 shown in Figures 8 and 9. When the gas entering the cavity Q1 flows along the first direction X, larger particles are blocked by the baffles 212 and will not flow with the airflow toward the first exhaust port 1b. Only particles smaller than the first interval can flow with the airflow toward the first exhaust port 1b.

[0120] Along the direction from the first air inlet 1a to the first exhaust outlet 1b, by gradually increasing the height of the baffle 212, the concentration of particulate matter carried by the gas in regions G1, G2 and G3 gradually decreases. Larger particles are filtered out and will not flow to the vicinity of the first exhaust outlet 1b, thereby avoiding the problem of particulate matter accumulation around the first exhaust outlet 1b, which would block the airflow channel and affect gas discharge.

[0121] By setting multiple baffles 212 of different heights on the first filter plate 211, the particulate matter carried by the gas entering the cavity Q1 through the first air inlet 1a can be evenly distributed in regions G1, G2 and G3 as it flows toward the first exhaust port 1b, and the particulate matter is filtered through the first through hole 211c on the first filter plate 211, thereby making full use of the first filter plate 211.

[0122] In some embodiments of this disclosure, two baffles 212 are provided on the first filter plate 211 as an example. It is understood that the implementation of this disclosure is not limited to this. The first filter plate 211 may be provided with one, two or more baffles 212. The number of baffles 212 can be adaptively designed according to actual needs.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the baffle 212 includes two side surfaces 212b opposite each other in the third direction Z, and the two opposite side surfaces 212b of the baffle 212 are in contact with the inner surface 11a of the sidewall 11.

[0124] The side surface 212b of the baffle 212 can be connected and fixed to the inner surface 11a of the side wall 11. By making the side surface 212b of the baffle 212 fit against the side wall 11, the strength of the baffle 212 can be increased, preventing the baffle 212 from tipping over under the impact of airflow, and ensuring the blocking effect of the baffle 212 on particulate matter.

[0125] In other embodiments, a second gap exists between the side surface 212b of the baffle 212 and the sidewall 11, the second gap being less than or equal to the first gap. The size of the first gap and the second gap here is compared for the same gap between the baffle 212 and the sidewall 11.

[0126] By creating a certain gap between the side surface 212b of the baffle 212 and the side wall 11, the gas entering the cavity Q1 has a larger area to pass through during its flow compared to when the side surface 212b of the baffle 212 is in contact with the side wall 11. This reduces the resistance during gas flow, keeps the gas flow rate within the expected range, and ensures that the particulate matter carried in the gas is evenly distributed on the first filter plate 211. This avoids the problem of localized particulate matter accumulation leading to blockage and affecting the filtration effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of the first filter plate 211 and ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter element 21.

[0127] In summary, in the purification device 10, the gap between the baffle 212 on the first filter element 21 and the side wall 11 is relatively narrow on the side near the first air inlet 1a, while the gap between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 is relatively large on the side near the first exhaust outlet 1b. This helps to control the incoming airflow, restricting and guiding it as it passes through the baffle 212, and also helps to reduce obstruction during the airflow process, allowing the airflow to be discharged more smoothly, which is beneficial to improving the purification efficiency of the purification device 10 for the gas.

[0128] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, n baffles 212 divide the first filter plate 211 into n+1 first sub-parts 2111, each of which includes a plurality of first through holes 211c.

[0129] In the n+1 first sub-parts 2111, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c included in each first sub-part 2111 is the same or approximately the same. In addition, along the first direction X and along the direction from the first air inlet 1a to the first exhaust outlet 1b, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c included in the first sub-part 2111 gradually decreases.

[0130] For example, the plurality of first through holes 211c on each first sub-part 2111 can be arranged in an array or in an alternating arrangement.

[0131] Along the first direction X, and along the direction from the first air inlet 1a to the first exhaust outlet 1b, the n baffles 212 are numbered sequentially as baffle 212(1), baffle 212(2), ..., baffle 212(n), the n+1 first sub-parts 2111 are numbered sequentially as first sub-part 2111(1), first sub-part 2111(2), ..., first sub-part 2111(n+1), and the first through hole 211c on each first sub-part 2111 is numbered sequentially as first through hole 211c(1), first through hole 211c(2), ..., first through hole 211c(n).

[0132] Referring to Figures 8, 9 and 12, the first filter element 21 includes two baffles 212. Baffles 212(1) and baffles 212(2) divide the first filter plate 211 into a first sub-part 2111(1), a first sub-part 2111(2) and a first sub-part 2111(3). The first sub-part 2111(1) is located in region G1, the first sub-part 2111(2) is located in region G2, and the first sub-part 2111(3) is located in region G3. The first sub-part 2111(1) has a plurality of first through holes 211c(1), the first sub-part 2111(2) has a plurality of first through holes 211c(2), and the first sub-part 2111(3) has a plurality of first through holes 211c(3).

[0133] As shown in Figure 12, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c(1) is greater than the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c(2); the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c(2) is greater than the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c(3).

[0134] The filtration of particles of different sizes is achieved by using first through holes 211c of different sizes on multiple first sub-parts 2111. The first sub-parts 2111 closer to the first exhaust port 1b can filter out smaller particles. Combined with the height variation design of the baffle 212, the particles carried in the airflow are filtered in stages as the airflow passes through regions G1, G2 and G3 in sequence. The first filter plate 211 is fully utilized to avoid the problem of particle accumulation and blockage around the first exhaust port 1b. It can also make the airflow distribution in the cavity Q1 more uniform, thereby ensuring the filtration effect of the filter assembly 2.

[0135] Based on this, as shown in Figure 12, the equivalent diameters of multiple first through holes 211c on the same first sub-part 2111 can be the same or not completely the same.

[0136] For example, as shown in Figure 12, the equivalent diameters of the multiple first through holes 211c(1) on the first sub-part 2111(1) are all the same, the equivalent diameters of the multiple first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2) are all the same, and the equivalent diameters of the multiple first through holes 211c(3) on the first sub-part 2111(3) are all the same.

[0137] Furthermore, the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(1) on the first sub-part 2111(1) is greater than the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2); the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2) is greater than the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(3) on the first sub-part 2111(3).

[0138] For example, along the first direction X, and along the direction from the first sub-part 2111(1) to the first sub-part 111(n) (the direction from the first air inlet 1a of the purification device 10 to the first exhaust outlet 1b), the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(1) on the first sub-part 2111(1) gradually decreases, the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2) gradually decreases, and the equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(3) on the first sub-part 2111(3) gradually decreases.

[0139] Furthermore, the minimum equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(1) on the first sub-part 2111(1) is greater than the maximum equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2); the minimum equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(2) on the first sub-part 2111(2) is greater than the maximum equivalent diameter of the plurality of first through holes 211c(3) on the first sub-part 2111(3).

[0140] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 12, the interval between any one of the n baffles 212 and the sidewall 11 satisfies at least one of the following: the interval between any one of the n baffles 212 and the sidewall 11 is less than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c on the first sub-part 2111 of the baffle 212 near the first air inlet 1a; and the interval between any one of the n baffles 212 and the sidewall 11 is greater than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c on the first sub-part 2111 of the baffle 212 near the first exhaust outlet 1b.

[0141] In conjunction with the preceding text, the interval between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 includes: a first interval between the top of the baffle 212 (the side of the baffle 212 away from the first filter plate 211) and the side wall 11; or, a first interval between the top of the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 and a second interval between the side surface 212b of the baffle 212 and the side wall 11, wherein the dimensions of the first interval and the second interval may be the same or different.

[0142] For example, the gap between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 satisfies at least one of the following: the gap between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 is less than or equal to the minimum value of the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c on the first sub-part 2111 of the baffle 212 near the first air inlet 1a; and the gap between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11 is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the equivalent diameter of the first through hole 211c on the first sub-part 2111 of the baffle 212 near the first exhaust outlet 1b.

[0143] By matching the spacing between the baffle 212 and the side wall 11, and the size of the first through hole 211c on the first sub-part 2111 adjacent to the baffle 212, the purification device 10 can more effectively control the flow of airflow, ensuring that the gas is fully filtered and treated when passing through the first filter element 21.

[0144] In addition, the design of the first filter plate 211 and the baffle 212 thereon helps to enhance filtration efficiency, especially when processing large amounts of gas, and can ensure that impurities in the gas are effectively removed.

[0145] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the filter assembly 2 further includes a second filter element 22, which is disposed on the side of the first filter element 21 near the first exhaust port 1b.

[0146] For example, as shown in Figures 8 and 10, the second filter element 22 is located on one side of the first filter element 21 along the second direction Y, and is closer to the first exhaust port 1b than the first filter element 21.

[0147] In this way, the gas entering the cavity Q1 will be filtered again by the second filter 22 after being filtered by the first filter element 21. By cooperating with the first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22 to perform secondary filtration of the gas, the filtration effect of the gas can be improved.

[0148] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, a cross-section is made of the second filter element 22 along a plane parallel to the first direction X and parallel to the second direction Y, and the resulting cross-sectional shape is rectangular. That is, the second filter element 22 can be integrally flat.

[0149] Based on this, the second filter element 22 may include a second sub-part 221; or, the second filter element 22 may include a plurality of second sub-parts 221 connected in sequence, and the plurality of second sub-parts 221 are all located in the same plane.

[0150] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the second filter element 22 includes a second sub-part 221 extending along a first direction X. The two ends of the second sub-part 221 extend toward the two ends of the sidewall 11 along the first direction X, respectively, and are flush or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall 11.

[0151] The plane in which the second sub-part 221 is located may be parallel or approximately parallel to the plane in which the first filter plate 211 is located, or the plane in which the second sub-part 221 is located may intersect with the plane in which the first filter plate 211 is located.

[0152] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG9, the second filter element 22 includes a plurality of second sub-parts 221 connected sequentially along a first direction X. Among the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22, the ends of the two outermost second sub-parts 221 along the first direction X are flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall 11.

[0153] Based on this, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11, a cross-section is made of the second filter element 22 along a plane parallel to the first direction X and parallel to the second direction Y, and the resulting cross-sectional shape is a polygonal shape, a wavy shape or an "arch" shape.

[0154] The multiple second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 are formed in a tortuous and continuous shape in cross-sectional structure. This increases the overall contact area between the second filter element 22 and the airflow, thereby improving the filtration efficiency of the second filter element 22 for the gas.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 is in contact with the first filter plate 211. That is, the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 may have some (one or more) second sub-parts 221 in contact with the first filter plate 211, or all of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 may be in contact with the first filter plate 211.

[0156] In some examples, as shown in FIG10, at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 is in line contact with the first filter plate 211.

[0157] In other examples, as shown in FIG11, at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 is in surface contact with the first filter plate 211.

[0158] In some other examples, at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 is in line contact with the first filter plate 211; and at least one of the plurality of second sub-parts 221 included in the second filter element 22 is in surface contact with the first filter plate 211.

[0159] In this way, when the second sub-part 221 of the second filter element 22 is in contact with the first filter plate 211, the first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22 can play a certain role in mutual support in terms of structure, thereby improving the overall strength of the filter assembly 2.

[0160] Based on this, a single second sub-part 221 can be a structure that is generally flat or a structure that is generally curved.

[0161] For example, as shown in Figure 10, the portion where two adjacent second sub-parts 221 meet forms a sharp angle. Thus, the second sub-part 221 has a flat plate structure. As another example, as shown in Figure 14, the portion where two adjacent second sub-parts 221 meet forms an arc-shaped angle. Thus, although the portion where two adjacent second sub-parts 221 meet is arc-shaped, the second sub-part 221 as a whole has a flat plate structure.

[0162] Based on this, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, both the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect the plane containing the second sub-part 221, while the third direction Z is parallel to the plane containing the second sub-part 221. The included angle formed between two adjacent second sub-parts 221 can be acute, right, or obtuse. For example, as shown in Figure 10, the planes containing any two adjacent second sub-parts 221 intersect to form an acute angle. As shown in Figure 11, the planes containing two adjacent second sub-parts 221 intersect to form an obtuse angle.

[0163] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, when the second sub-section 221 intersects the second direction Y and the first direction X, the gas filtered by the first filter element 21 flows to the first exhaust port 1b after passing through the second filter element 22. During the process of the airflow passing through the second filter element 22, some of the particulate matter carried in the airflow is intercepted and filtered by the second filter element 22. Furthermore, under the impact of the airflow, the intercepted and filtered particulate matter will slide down and deposit along the surface of the second sub-section 221. In this way, most of the surface of the second sub-section 221 can be exposed and not covered or blocked by particulate matter, thus avoiding the accumulation of particulate matter on the surface of the second sub-section 221 and affecting the gas flow.

[0164] In addition, the corrugated filter material formed by the multiple inclined second sub-parts 221 has a larger contact area with the gas, which effectively increases the filtration area of ​​the filter material and improves the filtration effect.

[0165] For example, the second filter element 22 is used to filter particulate matter with a size greater than or equal to 0.1 micrometers.

[0166] When the gas entering the cavity Q1 passes through the first filter element 22, the particulate matter carried in the gas is filtered once, and larger particles are filtered out first. Then, when the gas flows through the second filter element 22, the particulate matter carried in the gas is filtered a second time, and particles with a size greater than or equal to 0.1 micrometers are filtered out.

[0167] Since larger particles carried in the gas have been filtered out by the first filter element 21, the size and concentration of particles carried in the gas are significantly reduced at the second filter element 22. This effectively prevents particles from accumulating on the surface of the second sub-section 221 and affecting its filtration effect. Through the cooperation of the first filter element 21 and multiple second sub-sections 221, staged filtration of particles is achieved, ensuring the filtration effect of the filter assembly 2.

[0168] For example, the multiple second sub-parts 221 can be multiple separate second sub-parts 221 connected in sequence, or they can be obtained by bending a whole filter material multiple times. The multiple second sub-parts 221 can be adapted to the needs.

[0169] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the second sub-part 221 includes two side surfaces 221b opposite each other along the third direction Z, and the two opposite side surfaces 221b of the second sub-part 221 are in contact with the inner surface 11a of the sidewall 11.

[0170] Referring to Figures 8, 9 and 14, the side surface 221b of the second sub-section 221 is attached to the side wall 11. This ensures that the gas discharged through the first exhaust port 1b is filtered by the second sub-section 221. The gas can only continue to flow to the first exhaust port 1b after passing through the second sub-section 221, thus ensuring the blocking and filtering effect of the second sub-section 221 on the particulate matter in the airflow.

[0171] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the second sub-part 221 includes a first filter layer 2211, the first filter layer 2211 includes two opposing main surfaces 2211a and a plurality of second through holes 2211c, the second through holes 2211c penetrating the two opposing main surfaces 2211a of the first filter layer 2211.

[0172] As the gas flows through the second sub-section 221, the particulate matter carried in the gas is intercepted and filtered by the second through-hole 2211c on the first filter layer 2211, thus intercepting the particulate matter carried in the battery pack gas onto the surface of the first filter layer 2211 and achieving physical filtration of the gas.

[0173] For example, the shape of the second through hole 2211c can be circular, near-circular, elliptical or near-elliptical, or it can be a polygon such as triangle, rectangle, oblong, rhombus, trapezoid, parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, etc.

[0174] When the second through hole 2211c is circular, the equivalent diameter of the second through hole 2211c refers to the diameter of the circle; when the second through hole 2211c is of other shapes, the equivalent diameter of the second through hole 2211c refers to the diameter of the largest sphere that can pass through the second through hole 2211c.

[0175] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG16, the first filter layer 2211 includes a first filter material 2211d and a first substrate 2211e for supporting the first filter material 2211d.

[0176] The first filter material 2211d can be used to filter particulate matter with a diameter of 5 micrometers or larger. During the process of gas passing through the first filter material 2211d, particulate matter with a size greater than or equal to 5 micrometers is blocked and filtered by the first filter material 2211d. In this case, the first filter material 2211d can be made of chemical fiber nonwoven fabric.

[0177] The first filter media 2211d can also be used to filter particulate matter with a diameter of 0.5 micrometers or larger. During the process of gas passing through the first filter media 2211d, particulate matter with a size greater than or equal to 0.5 micrometers is blocked and filtered by the first filter media 2211d. In this case, the first filter media 2211d can be made of synthetic fibers and glass fibers.

[0178] The first filter material 2211d has low air resistance, which allows the gas to pass through the first filter material 2211d with a large air volume and low resistance. In addition, the first filter material 2211d has a large dust holding capacity, which can better filter and adsorb particulate matter carried in the gas.

[0179] The first substrate 2211e can be a wire mesh set on the surface of the first filter material 2211d. By setting the first substrate 2211e, the first filter material 2211d can be fixed and protected, so that the first filter material 2211d is not easily damaged during use.

[0180] Based on this, the first filter layer 2211 may further include an outer frame that surrounds the surface of the first filter material 2211d and the substrate, serving to connect and fix the edge portions of the surface of the first filter material 2211d and the substrate, thereby fixing the surface of the first filter material 2211d and the substrate in a set position, preventing separation of the surface of the first filter material 2211d from the substrate, and ensuring that the substrate can effectively support the surface of the first filter material 2211d. The outer frame may be made of materials such as aluminum alloy, galvanized sheet, paper frame, or stainless steel.

[0181] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the surface roughness of the first filter layer 2211 at least toward the first filter element 21 is less than or equal to 10 micrometers.

[0182] The surface of the first filter layer 2211 facing the first filter element 21 is referred to as the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211. The low surface roughness of the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211 helps reduce the adhesion and clogging of particles on its surface, improving filtration efficiency and reducing gas flow resistance. The surface roughness of the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211 is less than or equal to 10 micrometers. Thus, because the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211 is relatively smooth, particles intercepted by the first filter layer 2211 will slide down along its surface to the side of the second sub-part 221 near the first exhaust port 1b, preventing large-area coverage of the filter surface and thus avoiding particle clogging, ensuring the filtration effect of the first filter layer 2211.

[0183] For example, the surface roughness of the remaining surfaces of the first filter layer 2211 may be the same as the surface roughness of the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211.

[0184] For example, the surface roughness of the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211 can be 0.05 micrometers, 0.1 micrometers, 0.3 micrometers, 0.6 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 3 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 6.3 micrometers, 8 micrometers or 10 micrometers, etc.

[0185] The surface roughness of the filter surface of the first filter layer 2211 can be in the range of 0.05μm to 10μm, or 0.4μm to 0.8μm. The surface roughness of the first filter layer 2211 can be adaptively designed according to the application scenario and filtration requirements. This is only an exemplary description of some possible implementations of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0186] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, at least one of an antistatic agent and an antistatic agent is coated on at least the surface of the first filter layer 2211 facing the first filter element 21.

[0187] The surface of the first filter layer 2211 is relatively smooth and has an additive, so the particles will not stick to the first filter layer 2211, but will slide down the surface of the first filter layer 2211 and accumulate at the lowest point of the second filter element 22, preventing the particles from accumulating on the second filter element 22 and causing the filter material to become clogged.

[0188] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the second sub-part 221 further includes a second filter layer 2212 disposed on the side of the first filter layer 2211 away from the first filter element 21, the second filter layer 2212 comprising a high-temperature resistant fiber material. The second filter layer 2212 is configured to block and adsorb particulate matter; the size of the particulate matter is greater than or equal to 0.1 micrometers.

[0189] The second filter layer 2212 can be a filter cartridge or filter paper. The second filter layer 2212 is made of high temperature resistant fiber material and has an adsorption filtration function. The adsorption characteristics of the second filter layer 2212 adsorb small particles onto the second filter layer 2212. During the process of gas passing through the second sub-section 221, the first filtration is carried out in the first filter layer 2211 and the second filtration is carried out in the second filter layer 2212, further filtering and removing the particulate matter carried in the gas.

[0190] For example, high-temperature resistant fiber materials include ceramic fiberboard or carbon fiber.

[0191] The first filter layer 2211 and the second filter layer 2212 are used to filter particles of different sizes. Larger particles are filtered out by the first filter layer 2211, which avoids the problem of excessive particle accumulation on the surface of the second filter layer 2212 leading to reduced air permeability and affecting the filtration effect of the second filter layer 2212. The second filter layer 2212 further filters smaller particles, thereby improving the filtration effect of particles through graded filtration.

[0192] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the second filter layer 2212 satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter layer 2212 is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air, and the second filter layer 2212 is configured to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances.

[0193] For example, at least the surface of the second filter layer 2212 facing the first filter layer 2211 is coated with a chemical reagent, such as a catalyst like zirconium oxide or manganese oxide, so that the second filter layer 2212 can absorb at least one of organic matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the gas, or convert at least one of organic matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the gas into at least one of carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.

[0194] The second filter layer 2212 satisfies at least one of the following: the second filter layer 2212 includes at least one of activated carbon, volcanic rock, heat-resistant foam, and foamed metal, and the second filter layer 2212 is configured to adsorb harmful gases; and the second filter layer 2212 includes a porous multilayer mesh support with a certain strength, such as ceramic, alumina, or metal, as a substrate, and a catalyst such as zirconium oxide or manganese oxide is coated on the surface of the substrate, and the second filter layer 2212 is configured to harmlessly convert harmful substances.

[0195] Of course, the second filter layer 2212 may also be made of other materials or structures. This is only an example of some possible implementations and is not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0196] The second filter layer 2212 can specifically treat harmful chemicals in the gas. When the airflow passes through the second filter layer 2212, some of the particulate matter carried in the airflow will be blocked and adsorbed by the second filter layer 2212. In addition, the second filter element 22 can also absorb and catalyze harmful gases in the airflow, filter the harmful gases carried in the airflow or convert them into harmless substances.

[0197] The first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22 in filter assembly 2 form a tiered filtration system, achieving a comprehensive purification effect. The first filter element 21 is mainly configured to filter larger particles, while the second filter element 22 is configured to filter and adsorb smaller particles, as well as adsorb and transform harmful chemicals. This design ensures that when processing airflow, particulate matter is physically filtered first, and then chemical pollutants in the gas are treated, improving overall purification efficiency.

[0198] The thermal runaway of battery 30 may produce CO, C2H4, CH4, H2, etc. The generated CO is converted into CO2 after passing through the filter component 2 of the purification device 10, and C2H4 and CH4 are converted into water and CO2. The gas discharged from the housing component 20 does not carry harmful gases, ensuring the personal safety of the occupants. The H2 generated by the battery thermal runaway is converted into water in the purification device 10, avoiding the risk of flammable and explosive substances being carried in the gas discharged from the housing component 20 to the vehicle safety. The combustion-supporting substances such as nitrogen oxides generated by the battery thermal runaway can also be converted into water and nitrogen in the purification device 10, effectively avoiding the risk of combustion-supporting substances being carried in the gas discharged from the housing component 20 to the vehicle safety.

[0199] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the second sub-part 221 further includes a third filter layer 2213 disposed on the side of the second filter layer 2212 away from the first filter layer 2211. The third filter layer 2213 includes two opposing main surfaces 2213a and a plurality of third through holes 2213c, the third through holes 2213c penetrating the two opposing main surfaces 2213a of the third filter layer 2213.

[0200] The first filter layer 2211 and the third filter layer 2213 sandwich the second filter layer 2212 in the middle, and support the second filter layer 2212 while filtering particulate matter.

[0201] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG16, the third filter layer 2213 includes a second filter material 2213d and a second substrate 2213e for supporting the second filter material 2213d.

[0202] The selection of materials and the arrangement of the second filter material 2213d and the second substrate 2213e can be found in the previous description of the first filter material 2211d and the first substrate 2211e, and will not be repeated here.

[0203] To clearly illustrate the structure of the second sub-part 221, the first filter layer 2211, the second filter layer 2212, and the third filter layer 2213 are spaced apart in Figures 15 and 16. However, in the actual second sub-part 221, the first filter layer 2211, the second filter layer 2212, and the third filter layer 2213 are in contact with each other.

[0204] Based on the above, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 14, 15 and 16, the two sides of the second filter layer 2212 are in contact with the first filter layer 2211 and the third filter layer 2213, respectively.

[0205] The first filter layer 2211, the second filter layer 2212, and the second filter layer 2213 are bonded together to improve the filtration effect.

[0206] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the equivalent diameter of the third through hole 2213c is the same or approximately the same as that of the second through hole 2211c.

[0207] The first filter layer 2211 and the third filter layer 2213 primarily support the second filter layer 2212. The openings on the third filter layer 2213 cannot be too small to ensure good air permeability, nor can they be too large to ensure effective support for the second filter layer 2212. The third through-hole 2213c can adopt the same design as the second through-hole 2211c. Of course, while ensuring the supporting effect of the third filter layer 2213, the diameter of the third through-hole 2213c can also be larger than that of the second through-hole 2211c, thereby increasing the permeable area that allows airflow to pass through, reducing airflow resistance, and ensuring the airflow rate of the gas passing through the third filter layer 2213.

[0208] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the hardness of the first filter layer 2211 is greater than the hardness of the second filter layer 2212.

[0209] The first filter layer 2211 has high hardness, which not only effectively supports the second filter layer 2212, but also resists the impact of airflow, preventing the second filter layer 2212 from shifting or breaking under the impact of airflow, thus ensuring the filtration effect.

[0210] In some embodiments, the hardness of the third filter layer 2213 is greater than the hardness of the second filter layer 2212.

[0211] Compared to the second filter layer 2212, the first filter layer 2211 and the third filter layer 2213 are made of harder materials, which can better support the second filter layer 2212.

[0212] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the filter assembly 2 further includes a third filter element 23 disposed on the side of the second filter element 22 away from the first filter element 21, the third filter element 23 including a plurality of fourth through holes 23c penetrating the second filter layer 2212 along the second direction Y.

[0213] As shown in Figure 17, one end of the second sub-part 221 of the second filter element 22 is in contact with the third filter element 23, and the other end is in contact with the first filter element 21.

[0214] The high-temperature airflow generated by the thermal runaway of battery 30 has been converted into harmless gas after passing through the second filter element 22. Most of the particulate matter has been adsorbed by the filter element, leaving only a small portion of smaller particulate matter (particulate matter with a size of less than 0.1 micrometers) which is filtered for the third time through the third filter element 23 and discharged from the first exhaust port 1b. At this time, the gas has been converted into clean and harmless gas, which better protects the safety of the occupants.

[0215] The third filter element 23 can be made of a rigid material and is a plate with a fourth through hole 23c on its surface. In this way, while the third filter element 23 performs its function, it can also support the first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22, preventing the first filter element 21 and the second filter element 22 from shifting under the impact of airflow, so that the filter assembly 2 can be kept in the expected position and ensure the filtration effect of the filter assembly 2.

[0216] Based on the preceding text, the high-temperature gas generated after the thermal runaway of battery 30 has already undergone collision with the gas passage, two physical filtrations and one chemical reaction. The impact of the gas on the third filter element 23 is relatively small. Therefore, the third filter element 23 may also include a third filter material. The third filter material may be the same as the aforementioned first filter material 2211d, which will not be elaborated here.

[0217] Of course, if the third filter element 23 includes the third filter material, the third filter element 23 may also include the third substrate. The arrangement and material selection of the third substrate and the third filter material may be the same as those of the first substrate 2211e and the first filter material 2211d, which will not be elaborated here.

[0218] To clearly illustrate the structure of the support member 3, the filter assembly 2 and the support member 3 are spaced apart in Figure 17, but in the actual purification device 10, the filter assembly 2 and the support member 3 are in contact.

[0219] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG17, the purification device 10 further includes a support member 3 disposed within the cavity Q1. The two ends of the support member 3 extend toward the two ends of the sidewall 11 along the first direction X, respectively, and are flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall 11. Along the second direction Y, the support member 3 is further away from the first air inlet 1a of the housing assembly 1 than the purification device 10, and the support member 3 is in contact with the purification device 10.

[0220] For example, the support member 3 includes multiple hollow portions; or, the support member 3 includes a breathable material.

[0221] The support 3 can be made of a metal mesh or metal sheet with an open or perforated structure, or it can be made of a porous ceramic material with a microporous structure.

[0222] By setting the support component 3, the filter assembly 2 can be fixed and supported as a whole.

[0223] For example, the support member 3 includes two side surfaces 3b opposite each other along the third direction Z, and the two opposite side surfaces 3b of the support member 3 are in contact with the inner surface 11a of the side wall 11.

[0224] The side surface 3b of the support member 3 can be connected to the side wall 11. In this way, the connection stability between the support member 3 and the side wall 11 is better, so that the support member 3 can better support the filter assembly 2.

[0225] The purification device 10 provided in some embodiments of this disclosure, when applied in the power supply system 100, can, on the one hand, serve as a support for the longitudinal beam (or transverse beam, depending on the arrangement of the purification device 10 within the housing 20) of the housing assembly 20. On the other hand, through the filtration and adsorption characteristics of the filter component 2 within the purification device 10, it can also filter the gas (including flue gas, as well as particulate matter and harmful chemicals carried in the gas) within the housing cavity 2011 of the housing assembly 20, ensuring that the gas discharged outside the housing assembly 20 is clean gas. Furthermore, when the gas in the housing cavity 2011 is discharged from the housing assembly 20 after passing through the purification device 10, the temperature of the gas can also be reduced to the expected range, avoiding the safety risks that may be caused by the discharge of high-temperature gas.

[0226] By designing the structure of the filter assembly 2, problems such as particulate matter accumulation that could lead to the failure of the purification device 10 or a reduction in filtration efficiency can be avoided. Furthermore, when multiple (two or more) purification devices 10 are installed inside the housing 20, even if one purification device 10 fails or its filtration efficiency decreases, the other purification devices 10 can still perform effective filtration, thus improving the reliability of the purification device 10.

[0227] When the pressure relief component 40 becomes clogged, it loses its original pressure relief function, and the housing component 20 cannot be depressurized quickly, posing a risk of explosion. By setting up the purification device 10, the ejected material after the battery 30 undergoes thermal runaway can be filtered and retained in the purification device 10 by the filter component 2, effectively preventing the ejected material from flowing with the airflow to the exhaust port 20b of the housing 20, thereby avoiding the risk caused by the blockage of the pressure relief component 40.

[0228] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A purification device, comprising: A housing assembly, including sidewalls; the sidewalls enclosing a cavity; Along the first direction, a first air inlet is provided at one end of the housing assembly, and a first exhaust outlet is provided at the other end of the housing assembly; The first air inlet and the first exhaust outlet are respectively connected to the cavity; as well as A filter assembly is disposed within the cavity, with the first air inlet and the first air outlet located on opposite sides of the filter assembly along a second direction. The filter assembly includes a first filter element. The first filter element includes a first filter plate extending along the first direction. The first filter plate includes two main surfaces opposite each other along the second direction, two side surfaces opposite each other along a third direction, and a plurality of first through holes. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other in pairs. The plurality of first through holes penetrate the opposite two main surfaces of the first filter plate. The opposite two side surfaces of the first filter plate are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall. The first filter plate extends from both ends along the first direction toward both ends along the first direction of the sidewall, and is flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall.

2. The purification device according to claim 1, wherein, The first filter element further includes: A baffle is disposed on the first filter plate and is located on the same side of the first filter plate along the second direction as the first air inlet; the first end of the baffle is connected to the first filter plate, and the second end of the baffle has a first gap with the side wall.

3. The purification device according to claim 2, wherein, The baffle includes two side surfaces that are opposite each other along the third direction; The baffle satisfies one of the following: The two opposite side surfaces of the baffle are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall; or, The side surface of the baffle and the side wall have a second gap, the second gap being less than or equal to the first gap.

4. The purification device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, The first filter element includes n baffles arranged along the first direction; n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; Among the n baffles, the height of the baffle increases along the first direction and along the direction from the first air inlet to the first exhaust outlet; the height of the baffle refers to the dimension of the baffle along the second direction.

5. The purification device according to claim 4, wherein, The n baffles divide the first filter plate into n+1 first sub-sections, and each of the n+1 first sub-sections includes at least two of the plurality of first through holes; In the n+1 first sub-parts, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole included in each first sub-part is the same or approximately the same, and along the first direction and along the direction from the first air inlet to the first exhaust outlet, the equivalent diameter of the first through hole included in the n+1 first sub-parts decreases.

6. The purification device according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the following is satisfied: The distance between any one of the n baffles and the sidewall is less than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole on the first sub-part of the baffle near the first air inlet; and The distance between any one of the n baffles and the sidewall is greater than or equal to the equivalent diameter of the first through hole on the first sub-part of the baffle near the first exhaust port.

7. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The filtering component also includes: The second filter element is disposed on the side of the first filter element near the first exhaust port; the second filter element includes a plurality of second sub-parts connected sequentially along the first direction; The plurality of second sub-parts satisfy at least one of the following: Of the plurality of second sub-parts, at least one second sub-part has line contact with the first filter plate; and, Of the plurality of second sub-parts, at least one second sub-part is in surface contact with the first filter plate.

8. The purification device according to claim 7, wherein, The second filter element is cross-sectioned along a plane parallel to the first direction and parallel to the second direction, and the resulting cross-sectional shape is a polygonal, wavy, or "bow" shape.

9. The purification device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, Of the plurality of second sub-parts, the ends of the two outermost second sub-parts along the first direction are flush with or substantially flush with the ends of the sidewall.

10. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The filtering component also includes: The second filter element is disposed on the side of the first filter element near the first exhaust port; the second filter element includes a second sub-part extending along the first direction, the second sub-part extending at both ends along the first direction toward the two ends along the first direction of the sidewall, and being flush or substantially flush with the end of the sidewall.

11. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein, The second sub-part includes two opposing side surfaces along the third direction, and the two opposing side surfaces of the second sub-part are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall, respectively.

12. The purification device according to claim 11, wherein, The second sub-part includes: A first filter layer includes two opposing main surfaces and a plurality of second through holes; any one of the plurality of second through holes penetrates the two opposing main surfaces of the first filter layer.

13. The purification device according to claim 12, wherein, The first filter layer is coated with at least one of an antistatic agent and a static eliminator on at least the surface facing the first filter element.

14. The purification device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, The second sub-part also includes: A second filter layer is disposed on the side of the first filter layer away from the first filter element; the second filter layer comprises a high-temperature resistant fiber material; the second filter layer is configured to block and adsorb particulate matter; the size of the particulate matter is greater than or equal to 0.1 micrometers.

15. The purification device according to claim 14, wherein, The second filter layer satisfies one of the following: the second filter layer is configured to adsorb harmful chemicals in the air; and the second filter layer is configured to convert harmful chemicals in the air into harmless substances.

16. The purification device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein, The second sub-part also includes: A third filter layer is disposed on the side of the second filter layer away from the first filter layer; the third filter layer includes two opposing main surfaces and a plurality of third through holes, any one of the plurality of third through holes penetrating the two opposing main surfaces of the third filter layer.

17. The purification device according to claim 16, wherein, The two sides of the second filter layer are in contact with the first filter layer and the third filter layer, respectively.

18. The purification device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein, The third through hole has the same or approximately the same equivalent diameter as the second through hole.

19. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein, The hardness of the first filter layer is greater than that of the second filter layer.

20. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 19, wherein, The filtering component also includes: A third filter element is disposed on the side of the second filter element away from the first filter element; the third filter element includes a plurality of fourth through holes penetrating the second filter layer along the second direction; One end of the second sub-part of the second filter element is in contact with the third filter element, and the other end is in contact with the first filter element.

21. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising: A support member is disposed within the cavity; the support member extends from both ends of the sidewall along the first direction to both ends of the sidewall along the first direction, and is flush or substantially flush with the end of the sidewall; along the second direction, the support member is further away from the first air inlet of the housing assembly than the purification device, and the support member is in contact with the purification device. The support member satisfies one of the following: the support member includes multiple hollow portions; or, the support member includes a breathable material.

22. The purification device according to claim 21, wherein, The support member includes two opposing side surfaces along the third direction, and the two opposing side surfaces of the support member are in contact with the inner surface of the sidewall, respectively.

23. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising: A first connector is disposed on one side of the housing assembly along the first direction; the first connector is disposed within the cavity and is connected to the inner wall of the cavity; as well as A second connector is disposed on the other side of the housing assembly along the first direction; the second connector is disposed within the cavity and connected to the inner wall of the cavity; The first connector and the second connector seal the end of the cavity, and the first air inlet and the first air outlet are disposed on the side wall.

24. The purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising: A first connector is disposed on one side of the housing assembly along the first direction; the first connector is disposed on the outside of the cavity and connected to the end face of the cavity; the first air inlet is disposed on the first connector; as well as The second connector is disposed on the other side of the housing assembly along the first direction; the second connector is disposed on the outside of the cavity and connected to the end face of the cavity; the first exhaust port is disposed on the second connector.

25. A power supply system, comprising: A housing assembly includes a first housing; the first housing includes a receiving cavity; The battery is disposed within the accommodating cavity; as well as At least one purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 24 is disposed within the accommodating cavity; the first air inlet of the purification device is connected to the accommodating cavity, and the first exhaust port of the purification device is connected to the exhaust port of the housing assembly.

26. The power supply system according to claim 25, wherein, The enclosure assembly also includes: A first air passage is disposed within the accommodating cavity; the first air passage includes a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet being connected to the accommodating cavity; the second air outlet being connected to the first air inlet of the purification device.

27. The power supply system according to claim 25 or 26, wherein, The enclosure assembly also includes: The second housing is disposed on one side of the first housing; the second housing includes a second air duct, the second air duct includes a third air inlet and a third air outlet, the third air inlet is connected to the first air outlet of the purification device, and the third air outlet is connected to the air outlet of the housing assembly.

28. The power supply system according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein, The enclosure assembly also includes: A pressure relief assembly is connected to the exhaust port of the housing assembly; the pressure relief assembly is configured to close when the pressure inside the housing assembly is less than a set threshold, and to open when the pressure inside the housing assembly is greater than or equal to the set threshold, so as to discharge gas from the housing assembly.

29. A vehicle comprising: Vehicle body; as well as The power supply system according to any one of claims 25 to 28 is disposed within the vehicle body.

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